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Identification Manual for the Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Larvae of Florida

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Identification Manual for the Caddisfly (Trichoptera) Larvae of Florida IDENTIFICATION MANUAL FOR THE CADDISFLY (TRICHOPTERA) LARVAE OF FLORIDA by Manuel L. Pescador Andrew K. Rasmussen Entomology, Center for Water Quality Florida A&M Univerisity Tallahassee, Florida 32307-4100 and Steven C. Harris Department of Biology Clarion University of Pennsylvania Clarion, Pennsylvania 16214-1232 State of Florida Department of Environmental Protection Division of Water Facilities Tallahassee Development of this document was funded by a grant from the Clean Water Act 205(j)(1) Final Report for DEP Contract Numbers WM543 and WM581 December 1995 IDENTIFICATION MANUAL FOR THE CADDISFLY (TRICHOPTERA) LARVAE OF FLORIDA by Manuel L. Pescador, Ph.D. Professor of Entomology Florida A&M University Tallahassee, Florida 32307-4100 Courtesy Professor and Graduate Faculty Department of Entomology and Nematology University Florida 32611-5515 and Research Associate Florida State Collection of Arthropods Gainesville, Florida 32611 Andrew K. Rasmussen, M.Ed. Research Associate Entomology, Center for Water Quality Florida A&M University Tallahassee, Florida 32307-4100 and Florida State Collection of Arthropods Gainesville, Florida 32611 Steven C. Harris, Ph.D. Professor of Biology Clarion University Clarion, Pennsylvania 16214-1232 James L. Hulbert, Project Manager Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program Administrator Division of Water Facilities Florida Department of Environmental Protection Requests for copies of this document should be addressed to: Bureau of Surface Water Management Florida Department of Environmental Protection 2600 Blair Stone Road Tallahassee, FL 32399-2400 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES FOR FAMILY KEY ....................................... iv INTRODUCTION ......................................................... 1 General overview of the order ........................................... 1 How to use the manual ................................................. 1 Acknowledgements ................................................... 2 Specimen preparation ................................................. 3 Morphology ......................................................... 4 KEY TO FAMILIES OF FLORIDA TRICHOPTERA .............................. 6 FAMILY BERAEIDAE .................................................... 19 Genus Beraea Stephens ............................................... 19 FAMILY BRACHYCENTRIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ............................ 20 Genus Brachycentrus Curtis: Key to Species ............................... 21 Genus Micrasema MacLachlan: Key to Species ............................. 22 FAMILY CALAMOCERATIDAE: KEY TO GENERA AND SPECIES ............... 25 Genus Anisocentropus MacLachlan ...................................... 26 Genus Heteroplectron MacLachlan ...................................... 26 FAMILY DIPSEUDOPSIDAE ............................................... 27 Genus Phylocentropus Banks ........................................... 27 FAMILY GLOSSOSOMATIDAE ............................................. 28 Genus Protoptila Banks ............................................... 28 FAMILY HELICOPSYCHIDAE ............................................. 29 Genus Helicopsyche von Siebold ........................................ 29 FAMILY HYDROPSYCHIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ............................. 30 Genus Cheumatopsyche Wallengren ...................................... 33 Genus Diplectrona Westwood .......................................... 33 Genus Hydropsyche Pictet: Key to Species ................................ 34 Genus Macrostemum Pictet ............................................ 40 Genus Potamyia Banks ............................................... 41 FAMILY HYDROPTILIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ............................... 42 Genus Hydroptila Dalman ............................................. 46 Genus Mayatrichia Mosely ............................................ 46 i Page HYDROPTILIDAE continued Genus Neotrichia Morton ............................................. 47 Genus Ochrotrichia Mosely ............................................ 47 Genus Orthotrichia Eaton ............................................. 47 Genus Oxyethira Eaton ............................................... 48 Genus Stactobiella Martynov ........................................... 48 FAMILY LEPIDOSTOMATIDAE ............................................ 49 Genus Lepidostoma Rambur ........................................... 49 FAMILY LEPTOCERIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ................................. 50 Genus Ceraclea Stephens: Key to Species ................................. 54 Genus Leptocerus Leach .............................................. 60 Genus Nectopsyche Muller: Key to Species ................................ 61 Genus Oecetis MacLachlan: Key to Species ................................ 65 Genus Setodes Rambur: Key to Species ................................... 74 Genus Triaenodes MacLachlan: Key to Species ............................. 76 FAMILY LIMNEPHILIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ................................ 89 Genus Ironoquia Banks ............................................... 89 Genus Pycnopsyche Banks ............................................. 90 FAMILY MOLANNIDAE .................................................. 92 Genus Molanna Curtis: Key to Species ................................... 92 FAMILY ODONTOCERIDAE ............................................... 94 Genus Psilotreta Banks: Key to Species ................................... 94 FAMILY PHILOPOTAMIDAE: KEY TO GENERA AND SPECIES ................. 96 Genus Chimarra Stephens ............................................. 97 Genus Wormaldia MacLachlan ......................................... 97 FAMILY PHRYGANEIDAE: KEY TO GENERA AND SPECIES ................... 98 Genus Agrypnia Curtis ................................................ 99 Genus Banksiola Martynov ........................................... 100 Genus Ptilostomis Kolenati ........................................... 100 FAMILY POLYCENTROPODIDAE: KEY TO GENERA ......................... 101 Genus Cernotina Ross ............................................... 104 Genus Cyrnellus Banks .............................................. 104 Genus Neureclipsis MacLachlan: Key to Species ........................... 105 Genus Paranyctiophylax Tsuda ........................................ 106 Genus Polycentropus Curtis ........................................... 107 ii Page FAMILY PSYCHOMYIIDAE: KEY TO GENERA AND SPECIES ................. 109 Genus Lype MacLachlan ............................................. 110 Genus Psychomyia Latreille ........................................... 110 FAMILY RHYACOPHILIDAE ............................................. 112 Genus Rhyacophila Pictet: Key to Species ................................ 112 FAMILY SERICOSTOMATIDAE ........................................... 114 Genus Agarodes Banks: Key to Subgenera ................................ 114 FAMILY UENOIDAE .................................................... 116 Genus Neophylax MacLachlan ......................................... 116 LITERATURE CITED .................................................... 117 APPENDIX A: CHECKLIST OF FLORIDA CADDISFLIES ....................... 126 APPENDIX B: SPECIES DISTRIBUTION OF FLORIDA CADDISFLIES ............ 132 iii LIST OF FIGURES FOR FAMILY KEY FIGURE 1A. Helicopsyche borealis, anal claw, 12A. Brachycentrus sp., lateral. lateral. 12B. Brachycentrus sp., dorsal. 1B. Helicopsyche borealis, larval case. 12C. Agarodes sp., lateral. 1C. Rhyacophila sp., anal claw, lateral. 12D. Pycnopsyche sp., thorax, dorsal. 2A. Mayatrichia sp., dorsal. 13A. Molanna sp., lateral. 2B. Protoptila sp., dorsal. 13B. Molanna sp., larval case, ventral. 3A. Cheumatopsyche sp., lateral. 13C. Agarodes sp., lateral. 3B. Hydropsyche sp., larval retreat. 14A. Anisocentropus pyraloides, labrum, 3C. Hydroptila sp., lateral. dorsal. 3D. Hydroptila sp., lateral. 14B. Anisocentropus pyraloides, larval case 4A. Triaenodes injustus, dorsal. ventral. 4B. Ceraclea sp., dorsal. 14C. Neophylax sp., labrum, dorsal. 4C. Agrypnia sp., dorsal. 15A. Beraea sp., anal proleg, lateral. 5A. Agrypnia sp., dorsal. 15B. Beraea sp., anal prolegs, ventral. 5B. Protoptila sp., dorsal. 15C. Beraea sp., pronotum, dorsal. 5C. Brachycentrus sp., dorsal. 15D. Psilotreta sp., anal proleg, lateral. 5D. Psilotreta sp., dorsal. 15E. Agarodes sp., anal proleg, lateral. 6A. Rhyacophila sp., terminal abdominal 16A. Psilotreta sp., lateral. segment, dorsal. 16B. Psilotreta sp., dorsal. 6B. Chimarra sp., terminal abdominal 16C. Ironoquia sp., lateral. segment, dorsal. 17A. Agarodes sp., anal prolegs, dorsal. 7A. Agrypnia sp., dorsal. 17B. Agarodes sp., anal proleg, lateral. 7B. Ptilostomis sp., lateral. 17C. Agarodes sp., foretrochantin. 7C. Protoptila sp., dorsal. 17D. Psilotreta sp., anal prolegs, dorsal. 8A. Protoptila sp., anal claw with accessory 17E. Psilotreta sp., anal proleg, lateral. hooks. 17F. Psilotreta sp., foretrochantin. 8B. Protoptila sp., larval case. 18A. Lepidostoma sp., lateral. 8C. Rhyacophila sp., anal claw, lateral. 18B. Ironoquia sp., lateral. 9A. Chimarra sp., dorsal. 18C. Neophylax sp., lateral. 9B. Dolophilodes sp., larval retreat; capture 19A. Neophylax sp., thorax, dorsal. net. 19B. Neophylax sp., lateral. 9C. Polycentropus sp., dorsal. 19C. Pycnopsyche sp., thorax, dorsal. 10A. Cyrnellus fraternus, lateral. 19D. Ironoquia sp., lateral. 10B. Lype diversa, lateral. 11A. Phylocentropus sp., lateral. 11B. Polycentropus sp., lateral. iv 1 INTRODUCTION Caddisflies (Trichoptera) are a diverse
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