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Plagiat Merupakan Tindakan Tidak Terpuji Plagiat Merupakan Tindakan Tidak Terpuji PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI THE IDENTITY RE-NEGOTIATION OF INDIAN SEPOYS IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE : A POSTCOLONIAL READING AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By GABRIEL GRADI MAHENDRA Student Number: 104214075 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2015 PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI THE IDENTITY RE-NEGOTIATION OF INDIAN SEPOYS IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE : A POSTCOLONIAL READING AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra in English Letters By GABRIEL GRADI MAHENDRA Student Number: 104214075 ENGLISH LETTERS STUDY PROGRAM DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS FACULTY OF LETTERS SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2015 ii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis THE IDENTITY RE-NEGOTIATION OF INDIAN SEPOYS IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE : A POSTCOLONIAL READING By GABRIEL GRADI MAHENDRA Student Number: 104214075 Approved by Paulus Sarwoto, S.S., M.A., Ph.D. Advisor Elisa Dwi Wardani S.S., M.Hum. Co-Advisor iii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis THE IDENTITY RE-NEGOTIATION OF INDIAN SEPOYS IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE : A POSTCOLONIAL READING By GABRIEL GRADI MAHENDRA Student Number: 104214075 Defended before the Board of Examiners on May 12, 2015 and Declared Acceptable BOARD OF EXAMINERS Name Signature Chairperson : Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M.A. …………… Secretary : A. B. Sri Mulyani, M.A., Ph.D. …………… Member 1 : Drs. Hirmawan Wijanarka, M.Hum. …………… Member 2 : Paulus Sarwoto, S.S., M.A., Ph.D. …………… Member 3 : Elisa Dwi Wardhani, S.S., M.Hum. …………… Yogyakarta, May 29, 2015 Faculty of Letters Sanata Dharma University Dean Dr. F.X. Siswadi, M.A. iv PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that, to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material previously written by any other person except where due reference is made in the text of the undergraduate thesis. Yogyakarta, April 29, 2015 Gabriel Gradi Mahendra v PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH UNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma Nama : Gabriel Gradi Mahendra Nomor Mahasiswa : 104214075 Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul THE IDENTITY RE-NEGOTIATION OF INDIAN SEPOYS IN AMITAV GHOSH’S THE GLASS PALACE : A POSTCOLONIAL READING beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikan kepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan, mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalan data, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet atau media lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin kepada saya maupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencantumkan nama saya sebagai penulis. Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya. Dibuat di Yogyakarta Pada tanggal 29 April 2015 Yang menyatakan, Gabriel Gradi Mahendra vi PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ‘Tis better to have loved and lost than to have never loved at all - Lord Alfred Tennyson vii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI For my family and you viii PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I have talked to relatively not so many people, hundreds of them, about my undergraduate thesis. Not because of an unwillingness to learn from other people, but I just felt that I became so depressed and confusing when talking about this thesis. Therefore, here I would mention those few who have helped me to feel enough with my inferiority and gave me a spirit to keep struggling to finish this academic achievement. First of all, there is God the Almighty who I talked to in prayers, who keep giving me miracles until this day. I also talked in scheduled meetings with Paulus Sarwoto, Ph. D, my thesis advisor, and Elisa Dwi Wardani S.S., M.Hum. who told me the way when I felt lost in my mind. There are also others, whom I talked to in different occasions: Vania, Ari and Cuimbra who have become inspiring companions in my thinking process; Diyan who has introduced to me sweet acceptance; all my crews in Our Town play production who whispered to me a good hope by their friendships; Beny and Doni who shared with me passionate conversations and good hopes; Rm Andri who has supported me with gentle understanding. I talked daily with my family: Ibuk, Brian, Gretto, Simbok. I seldom talked with them about my thesis, but they always enacted a sentence that says ‘Education will give us better living’. They mean a lot to me. I also have met so many people until this day, impossible to name each of them. Yet, I believe they are interconnected to each other in a way that has built within me a broader understanding about life. ix PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ………………………………………………………….. ii APPROVAL PAGE …………………………………………………… iii ACCEPTANCE PAGE ……………………………………………….. iv LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ……………………………………………………. v STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY …………………………………. vi MOTTO PAGE ……………………………………………………….. vii DEDICATION PAGE ………………………………………………… viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ………………………………………….. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………………………………….. x ABSTRACT …………………………………………………………… xii ABSTRAK …………………………………………………………………….. xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION …………………………………… 1 A. Background of the Study ………………………………………. 1 B. Problem Formulation ………………………………………….. 4 C. Objectives of the Study ………………………………………… 4 D. Definition of Terms ……………………………………………. 4 CHAPTER II: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ……………………… 6 A. Review of Related Studies …………………………………….. 6 B. Review of Related Theories …………………………………… 9 1. Elements of Fiction ………………………………………… 9 a. Society in a Novel ……………………………………… 10 b. Characterization of Fictional Characters ……………… 12 2. Postcolonial Theory ……………………………………….. 13 a. Postcolonial Identity …………………………………… 13 b. Hybridity ………………………………………………. 14 c. Mimicry ………………………………………………… 17 d. False Consciousness …………………………………… 18 C. Review of Related Backgrounds ………………………………. 19 1. India Under British Control ……………………………….. 19 2. The Indian Army ………………………………………….. 27 D. Theoretical Framework ……………………………………….. 30 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY ………………………………... 31 A. Object of the Study …………………………………………… 31 B. Approach of the Study ……………………………………….. 31 C. Method of the Study …………………………………………. 33 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS ……………………………………….. 35 A. The Identity of India as a Manifestation of India Value System ………………………………………………... 35 x PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI 1. The Caste System and Indian’s Social Behaviors …….. 37 2. The Centrality of Family and Village …………………. 41 3. National Awareness and the Growth of Westernized Indian Middle-Class …………………….. 45 B. Colonial Discourse in the British India Military System ... 49 1. The Mission of Liberation …………………………….. 51 2. The Ambivalent Representation of British Indian Army …………………………………………… 57 3. The Discourse of Mimicry ……………………………. 62 C. Arjun’s Re-Negotiation of Self …………………………… 68 1. Arjun’s Discovery of False Consciousness in British Colonialism …………………………………… 70 2. Arjun’s Re-Negotiation of Self ………………………. 73 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION ………………………………… 78 BIBLIOGRAPHY ………………………………………………. 83 xi PLAGIATPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TIDAK TERPUJI TERPUJI ABSTRACT Mahendra, Gabriel Gradi. The Identity Re-Negotiation of Indian Sepoys in Amitav Ghosh’s The Glass Palace: A Postcolonial Reading. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty of Letters, Sanata Dharma University, 2015. This study analyzes the process of identity re-negotiation found in Amitav Ghosh’s novel, The Glass Palace. The one who undergoes such process is named Arjun, an Indian man who decides to go soldiering in the British Indian Army. For this Army is an imperial institution, it implores also colonial discourses invented by the British. In this story, Arjun, who has formerly lived in Indian society with all its fatalism and social conceptions, finds freedom and access to modernity when he can be in the rank of Officers. However, at the end, he regrets about that fact, for by dwelling in the rank with other British Officers, he has accepted to be molded into ilusional identity. Thus, his struggle is then funneled to re-negotiate his identity, to re-collect his past and to find individual independence in a context where everything has been handled by British colonialism. The objectives of this study are divided into three problem formulations. The first is to find how Indian society, with its values and prescriptions, develops the conception of Indian identity. The second is to know how
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