DOCSLIB.ORG

Community Empowerment and Child Marriage in Kilifi

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Community Empowerment and Child Marriage in Kilifi COMMUNITY EMPOWERMENT AND CHILD MARRIAGE IN KILIFI COUNTY, KENYA. JOYREEN WAMBUI WANYEKI K101/CTY/PT/30960/2015 A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF APPLIED ECONOMICS IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF ECONOMICS (COOPERATION AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT) AT KENYATTA UNIVERSITY. SEPTEMBER 2020 DECLARATION ii DEDICATION To my beloved Daughter, Hadassah Njeri. iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I pass my sincere and heartfelt gratitude to the Almighty God for the gift of life, His grace, favour and wisdom. I would like to thank my supervisors, Dr. George Kariuki and Dr.Valeria Costa for their tireless and valuable guidance throughout the project preparation and presentation. To my wonderful family-my mother, Jane Wanyeki; my father, Joseph Wanyeki; my sisters, Winnie and Cynthia Wanyeki; not forgetting my lovely daughter, Hadassah Njeri- your constant encouragement, patience and support goes beyond expression. To Grace Kairuthi, for her encouragement and support; To Simon Mwangi, Symon Thuo and Thomas Mbaru, for their effortless encouragement, support and guidance. Thank you. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION .................................................................................................................. ii DEDICATION .................................................................................................................... iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.................................................................................................... iv LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. viii LIST OF FIGURES ..............................................................................................................ix ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .............................................................................. x OPERATIONAL DEFINITION OF TERMS ....................................................................... xii ABSTRACT ....................................................................................................................... xiii CHAPTER ONE ................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.1.1 Child Marriage Implications on Development Priorities. ........................................... 1 1.1.2 The Child Marriage Situation Globally. .................................................................... 3 1.1.3 The Child Marriage Situation in Kenya. .................................................................... 5 1.1.4 Policy Instruments on Child Marriage. ...................................................................... 6 1.1.5 Community Empowerment and Child Marriage. ....................................................... 8 1.1.6 Community Empowerment and Child Marriage in Kilifi County. .............................. 9 1.2 Statement of the Problem. ............................................................................................. 10 1.3 Research Questions. ...................................................................................................... 11 1.5 Research Objectives. ..................................................................................................... 12 1.6 Significance of the Study. .............................................................................................. 12 1.7 Scope of the Study. ....................................................................................................... 12 1.8 Organization of the Study. ............................................................................................. 13 CHAPTER TWO .............................................................................................................. 14 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................. 14 2.1: Introduction ................................................................................................................. 14 2.2 Theoretical Literature. ................................................................................................... 14 2.2.1 Economic Approach to Human Behaviour. ............................................................. 14 2.2.2 Child Marriage Model. ........................................................................................... 15 2.2.3 Theory of empowerment. ........................................................................................ 18 2.3 Empirical Literature. ..................................................................................................... 20 2.3.1. Causes and Effects of Child Marriage .................................................................... 20 2.3.2. Community Empowerment and Child Marriage. .................................................... 23 2.4 Overview of Literature. ................................................................................................. 28 v CHAPTER THREE .......................................................................................................... 31 METHODOLOGY ........................................................................................................... 31 3.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 31 3.2. Research Design. ...................................................................................................... 31 3.3. Theoretical Framework. ............................................................................................ 31 3.4. Model specification. ................................................................................................. 36 3.5. Definition and Measurement of Variables. ................................................................ 39 Table 3.1: Definition and Measurement of Variables. .................................................. 39 3.6. Study Area. .............................................................................................................. 41 Table 3.2: Magarini Sub-County Population Distribution. ............................. 42 Figure 3.1: Map of Magarini Sub-County. ................................................................... 43 3.7. Target Population. .................................................................................................... 43 3.8. Sampling Frame. ...................................................................................................... 44 Table 3.3: Sample Distribution in Magarini Sub-county. .............................................. 45 3.9. Research Instruments................................................................................................ 45 3.10 Pilot Study............................................................................................................... 45 3.11 Data Collection........................................................................................................ 45 3.12. Data Processing and Analysis. ................................................................................ 46 3.13. Ethical Considerations. ........................................................................................... 46 CHAPTER FOUR ............................................................................................................. 47 EMPIRICAL FINDINGS. ................................................................................................ 47 4.1. Introduction. ............................................................................................................. 47 4.2. Response Rate. ......................................................................................................... 47 4.3. Descriptive Statistics ................................................................................................ 47 4.3.1. Demographic Analysis. ...................................................................................... 47 4.3.2. Household Factors Influencing Child Marriage. ................................................. 51 4.3.3. Awareness Initiatives and Child Marriage. ......................................................... 57 4.3.4. Initiatives that Enhance Access to Education for Girls and Child Marriage. ........ 58 4.3.4.1. Monetary Support. .......................................................................................... 58 4.3.4.2. Accessibility to Schools. ................................................................................. 61 4.3.4.3. School Feeding Programs................................................................................ 61 4.3.5. Economic Empowerment and Child Marriage. ................................................... 62 4.4. Regression Results. .................................................................................................. 63 4.4.1 Multicollinearity Test Results. ............................................................................ 63 4.4.2. Likelihood ratio test. .......................................................................................... 65 vi 4.4.3. Regression Results ............................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Investigating the Legal and Policy Framework on Child Marriage in Niger: a Comparative Study of Kenya and Ethiopia
    INVESTIGATING THE LEGAL AND POLICY FRAMEWORK ON CHILD MARRIAGE IN NIGER: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF KENYA AND ETHIOPIA By Clara Amulen Emurugat MA HUMAN RIGHTS LONG THESIS PROFESSOR: Victoria Nwogu CEU eTD Collection Central European University 1051 Budapest, Nador utca 9. Hungary ©Central European University November 29, 2019 Table of Contents ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................ iv LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS................................................................................................ v INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 1 CHAPTER ONE: BACKGROUND AND SITUATION ANALYSIS OF CHILD MARRIAGE ......................................................................................................................... 5 A. DEFINING CHILD MARRIAGE ................................................................................. 5 B. SITUATION ANALYSIS: LATEST TRENDS, PROGESS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS ON CHILD MARRIAGE ............................................................................ 7 C. DRIVERS OF CHILD MARRIAGE ............................................................................. 9 I. Discriminatory traditional practices/ belief systems ..................................................... 9 II.Poverty ..................................................................................................................... 11 III. Religion ................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya, 2017 Situation Analysis
    Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya, 2017 Situation Analysis Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya, 2017 Suggested citation: UNICEF (2018) Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya 2017, UNICEF, Nairobi, Kenya. Cover photo © UNICEF Kenya/2016/Noorani. ii of Children and Women in Kenya Situation Analysis of Children and Women in Kenya, 2017 iii Situation Analysis Table of Contents Foreword xiii Acknowledgements xiv Executive Summary xv Introduction xv Key findings xv Enabling environment xvi Surviving and thriving xvii Learning xix Protection from violence, abuse, exploitation and family separation xx Safe and clean environment xxii Children and emergencies xxiv Equitable chances in life xxv Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Background 2 Geographical and climatic overview 3 Demographic overview 4 Economic overview 6 Social overview 7 Gender overview 8 Political overview 9 Chapter 2: The framework for children’s rights in Kenya 10 The Sustainable Development Goals and Kenya Vision 2030 11 Children’s rights framework 12 Devolution 12 Financing and coordination of government policy on children and youth 14 Information and data on children’s rights 15 Role of private sector in development 16 Chapter 3: Surviving and thriving 18 Healthcare system 19 Healthcare workforce 20 Financing and planning 21 Health information 24 Community level healthcare 25 Maternal and child health 27 Maternal health 27 Newborn health 30 Infant and child health 31 Immunization 33 Childhood disease and healthcare-seeking behaviour 36 Malaria
    [Show full text]
  • FGM in Kenya Is a Trend That Has Been Documented, Particularly Among the Kisii
    1 | P a g e 2 | P a g e CONTENTS FOREWORD 4 BACKGROUND 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 INTRODUCTION 9 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 10 INTRODUCTION TO FGM 11 NATIONAL STATISTICS 12 POLITICAL BACKGROUND 15 1 ANTHROPOLOGICAL BACKGROUND 16 COUNTRYWIDE TABOOS AND MORES 16 SOCIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND 17 HEALTHCARE SYSTEM 17 EDUCATION 18 RELIGION 18 MEDIA 19 FGM PRACTICES IN KENYA 20 REASONS FOR PRACTISING FGM 26 RELIGION AND FGM 26 WOMEN’S HEALTH AND INFANT MORTALITY 27 EDUCATION AND FGM 27 AGE 28 PUBLIC ATTITUDES TO FGM 29 LAWS RELATING TO FGM 31 INTERVENTIONS AND ATTEMPTS TO ERADICATE FGM 33 CHALLENGES FACED BY ANTI-FGM INITIATIVES 44 CONCLUSIONS 44 APPENDIX – LIST OF INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL ORGANISATIONS 46 REFERENCES 48 3 | P a g e FOREWORD North East Kenya in 2008, with over 250,000 Somali IDPs. This led to my research paper that was published in March 2012 (Wilson, 2012). In organisations, annual appraisals, and monitoring and evaluation reports show a measure Having seen first-hand over 10 years the trauma, of progress towards a goal. With an aim to pain and health consequences of FGM, I am eliminate a harmful traditional practice such as pleased 28 Too Many has been able to undertake FGM, which has been in existence across Africa for this research and see progress. The photograph over 2000 years, it is hard to assess measures of below shows a Maasai community that used to progress. practise FGM but has now abandoned it. This was due to two older girls attending school and joining This country report on FGM across Kenya shows a health club.
    [Show full text]
  • Download This PDF File
    THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES ISSN 2321 - 9203 www.theijhss.com THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HUMANITIES & SOCIAL STUDIES Community Mobilization Strategy on Preventing Child Marriages among the Maasai Community, in Kenya Judy Jebet Lamet Assistant Inspector General, Director Community Policing Gender and Child Protection, Kenya Police Service , Kenya Solomon Njenga Senior Lecturer, School of Governance Peace and Security, Africa Nazarene University, Kenya Abstract: Child marriage is a violation of human rights and it is illegal according to the Kenyan laws. Child marriage is a barrier to personal and community growth and development in the 21st century. The victims of child marriage are denied a chance to education, economic empowerment, and safety among other excellent opportunities and this leads to perpetual poverty cycles from one generation to the next. In Maasai community, the government and many NGO’s have put forward many strategies to mitigate child marriages. These strategies include economic and social empowerment, community mobilization, education and awareness and enforcement of laws. However, in spite of having these strategies in place, cases of child marriages are still going on hence prompting the need to understand the reason why these strategies have not managed to end this vice among Maasai community in Ill Bissil Division in Kajiado County. The purpose of the study was to analyse the effects of the employed mitigating strategies in child marriages among the Maasai community in Kajiado County, Kenya. The study specifically aimed evaluating the influence of community mobilization strategy on preventing child marriages among the Maasai community in Kajiado County. The study adopted descriptive research design to collect both qualitative and quantitative primary data.
    [Show full text]
  • Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage Among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya
    Baseline Study Report Summary Baseline Study Report Summary Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya a Baseline Study Report: Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya ©United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Nairobi, 2017 UNICEF Kenya Office P.O. Box 44145-00100 GPO Nairobi Prepared by Information Research Solutions Lantana Court, Ground Floor Lantana Road, Off Rhapta Road P.O. Box 1282 – 00606 Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (020) 24 830 16/26 Email address: [email protected] Website: www.iresearchsolutions.com Edited 2017 by Adam Woolf For further information, please contact: Patrizia Di Giovanni, UNICEF Kenya Deputy Representative: [email protected] Lisa Kurbiel, Chief of Communication: [email protected] Aminul Islam, Child Protection Specialist: [email protected] Haithar Somo, Child Protection Specialist:[email protected] Cover photograph: ©UNICEF/KENA00454/Noorani Baseline Study Report Summary Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya Baseline Study Report Summary Foreword In recognition that Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is not only a harmful practice but a violation of human rights, Kenya has adopted a robust legal framework. The country has ratified several international legal instruments that have become part of the Kenyan law as provided for in Article 2 of the constitution. Further to the provisions of the constitution, the government has enacted the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act, 2011. The law provides the framework for public engagement and advocacy for accelerating the eradication of FGM.
    [Show full text]
  • UNICEF: FGM and Child Marriage Among Selected Communities In
    Baseline Study Report Baseline Study Report Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya Baseline Study Report: Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya ©United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Nairobi, 2017 UNICEF Kenya Office P.O. Box 44145-00100 GPO Nairobi Prepared by Information Research Solutions Lantana Court, Ground Floor Lantana Road, Off Rhapta Road P.O. Box 1282 – 00606 Westlands, Nairobi, Kenya Tel: +254 (020) 24 830 16/26 Email address: [email protected] Website: www.iresearchsolutions.com Edited 2017 by Adam Woolf For further information, please contact: Patrizia Di Giovanni, UNICEF Kenya Deputy Representative: [email protected] Lisa Kurbiel, Chief of Communication: [email protected] Aminul Islam, Child Protection Specialist: [email protected] Haithar Somo, Child Protection Specialist:[email protected] Cover photograph: ©UNICEF/KENA00454/Noorani Baseline Study Report Female Genital Mutilation/ Cutting and Child Marriage among the Rendille, Maasai, Pokot, Samburu and Somali Communities in Kenya Baseline Study Report Foreword In recognition that Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) is not only a harmful practice but a violation of human rights, Kenya has adopted a robust legal framework. The country has ratified several international legal instruments that have become part of the Kenyan law as provided for in Article 2 of the constitution. Further to the provisions of the constitution, the government has enacted the Prohibition of Female Genital Mutilation Act, 2011. The law provides the framework for public engagement and advocacy for accelerating the eradication of FGM.
    [Show full text]
  • We Need New Names,Kenyans' Elusive Search for a Cultural
    We Need New Names By Oduor Obura In late 2019, the Luanda Boda Boda Riders’ Association purchased a bus for public service. The association is located along the Maseno-Luanda border and its membership is largely drawn from the Luanda and Maseno catchment area. The name of the association has a lot to do with the state of our union as a country or even as a region. It is a microcosm of ethno-nationalist tensions existing in Kenya and many other regions of Africa, and the changing times that bring new and multiple ways to negotiate these invented differences. The boda boda association is a chance to look at how we negotiate citizenship daily, and how we can overcome some essentialist ideals that are so deeply entrenched in eastern Africa. The boda boda association draws membership from Luanda and Maseno, two small towns that are barely three kilometers apart. Maseno was established as a mission town and gets its name from oseno, which is a Luo word for the indigenous tree that used to be dominant in the area before ecological colonialism. The Kinyore (the Luhya sub-group inhabiting the Maseno and Luanda corridor) calls the same tree luseno. Oseno has since been colonised by the blue gum commonly called bao, which is indigenous to Australia. Young people would be at pains to identify oseno in Maseno today. Shortly before colonialism, Luanda had been established by a Luo chief from Gem Yala. Currently Luanda is dominantly a Luhya town, and it is located in Vihiga County. I have grown to like the sound of Maseno.
    [Show full text]
  • Implementing a Gender-Sensitive Budgeting Approach in the Enugu and Nsukka Zones of Enugu State, Nigeria
    Project 1: Implementing a gender-sensitive budgeting approach in the Enugu and Nsukka Zones of Enugu State, Nigeria ........................................................................ 1 Project 2: A gender-responsive budget advocacy campaign to end child marriage in Punjab Province, Pakistan .......................................................................................... 5 Project 3: Budget advocacy for implementation of district-kevel monitoring committees to end child marriage and to fund Women’s Safe Houses to support married girls in Sindh Province, Pakistan .................................................................. 8 Project 4: Linda Mtoto (Protect a Child), Kilifi County, Kenya ...................................... 11 Project 5: Child protection through budget advocacy to end child marriage in the communes of Est-Mono and Anié, Togo .................................................................. 14 Project 6: Budget allocation for the prevention of formal or informal, early, child/adolescent unions in Mexico: The case of the SIPINNA and its application at the federal, state and municipal level ....................................................................... 17 Girls Not Brides member organisation: Society for the Improvement of Rural People (SIRP) Pilot funding amount: US$8,330 PICTURED: Participants in a State/Public Dialogue on Budget Advocacy in Enugu State, Nigeria. Photo: Girls Not Brides/SIRP strategy’s vision is to reduce child marriage by 40% by 2020 and end the practice entirely A total of 43% of girls in Nigeria are married by 2030, and is one of the key policy before the age of 18 and 16% before turning frameworks used by SIRP to hold 1 15. Child marriage is most common in the government accountable in this project. North West and North East of the country, where up to 68% of women aged 20-49 were child brides. 2 Child marriage is most In this project, SIRP worked to common among Nigeria’s poorest, rural institutionalise a gender-responsive households.
    [Show full text]
  • (Inter)Textuality in Contemporary Kenyan Popular Music
    "READING THE REFERENTS": (INTER)TEXTUALITY IN CONTEMPORARY KENYAN POPULAR MUSIC Joyce Wambũi Nyairo A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Humanities, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Johannesburg, 2004 Declaration I declare that this thesis is my own unaided work. It is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. It has not been submitted for any other degree or examination in any other university. ___________________________ Joyce Wambũi Nyairo Fifth day of October, 2004. i Abstract This study explores the meaning of contemporary Kenyan popular music by undertaking literary interpretations of song lyrics and musical styles. In making these interpretations, the fabric of popular song is shown to be a network of referents and associations with texts situated both within and outside of the song-texts. As polyphonic discourse, these vast range of textual and paratextual referents opens up various points of engagement between artiste, songtext and audience and in the process, the surplus meanings generated by both the poetry of the text and the referents embedded within it account for the significance of popular songs as concrete articulations that mediate the realities of modern Kenya. Through the six chapters that make up the core of the study we see the mini-dramas that are played out in the material conditions within which the songs are produced; in the iconographies that are generated by artistes' stage names and album titles; in the strategies of memory work that connect present-day realities to old cultural practices; in the soundtracks of urban spaces and in those of domesticated global cultural trends and finally, in the mediation of the antinomies surrounding the metanarrative of the nation and the realization of political transition.
    [Show full text]
  • Citizens Or Refugees? the Case of the Shona in Kenya (1962-2017)
    Citizens or Refugees? The Case of the Shona in Kenya (1962-2017) By Scholastica Wagalla A research project submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of Master of Arts Degree in Armed Conflict and Peace Studies, University of Nairobi 2019 Declaration This is my original work and it has not been submitted for the award of degree in any other university Signature _________________________ Date ___________________________ Scholastica Wagalla C50/82627/2015. This project has been submitted for examination with my approval as the University Supervisor Signature ________________________ Date ___________________________ Dr. Margaret Gachihi ii Dedication This study is dedicated to my late parents, Margaret Adoyo Odogo and Caleb Wagalla Anyango; and to my brothers and sisters for their continued support. iii Acknowledgement I wish to wholeheartedly appreciate everyone who contributed during this study. First and foremost, I acknowledge my supervisors; Prof. Vincent Simiyu and Dr. Margaret Gachihi for their in-depth, thorough and outstanding supervision. Prof. Vincent Simiyu retired half-way through the writing process so, Dr. Margaret Gachihi supervised the rest of the study. I am greatly indebted to my research assistants, Mofat Moyo and Evaline Mwangi for interpreting my concerns and questions to the elderly Shona people and introducing me to everyone I interviewed in their community. Data collection could not have been possible without your help. A lot of gratitude goes to the Principl Secretary of State Department of Immigration in Kenya, Dr. Gordon Kihalangwa who instructed his under Secretary Linda Okola to write me a letter so that the leader of the Shona Church in Kenya could authorize me to talk to his congregation.
    [Show full text]
  • The State of Kenya Population 2020
    THE STATE OF KENYA POPULATION 2020 “Zero Harmful Practices – Accelerating the Promise of ICPD25” JUNE 2020 GOVERMENT OF KENYA NATIONAL COUNCIL FOR POPULATION AND DEVELOPMENT UNITED NATIONS POPULATION FUND FOREWORD Kenya, through the National Council for Population and Development (NCPD) publishes the State of Kenya Population Report each year to domesticate the global theme of the State of World Population Report. The report affords readers an overview of the Kenyan situation within the context of the annual global theme. The State of Kenya Population Report, 2020focused on getting to zero harmful practices with a special focus on mar- riage and motherhood in childhood; Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) and son preference. During the Nairobi Summit on ICPD25, Kenya made commitments towards accelerating the promise on zero harmful practices and committed to eliminating, by 2030, all forms of Gender Based Violence (GBV), including child and forced marriages, by addressing social and cultural norms that propagate the practice while providing support to women and girls who have been affected. Child marriage has negative outcomes for both boys and girls, but girls are more adversely affected by this practice because in most cases they have to leave school and begin motherhood when they are not mentally and physically ready for motherhood experience. Their lives may be threatened with disease and death resulting from pregnancy and child birth. This harmful practice is therefore a threat to the development prospects because it prevents many girls from achieving their full potential and participating in social and economic activities that can improve their wellbeing. Son preference is a product of gender-biased systems that assign and reinforce higher social status to men and boys and that favor male over female children.
    [Show full text]
  • Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) Human Rights
    Committee on the Rights of the Child (CRC) Human Rights Treaties Division (HRTD) Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) Palais Wilson - 52, rue des Pâquis CH-1201 Geneva Switzerland By E-mail and Post: [email protected]; Mailing address - UNOG-OHCHR, CH-1211 Geneva 10 (Switzerland) Child Rights Connect 1 rue de Varambé 1202 Geneva, Switzerland T: +41(0)22 740 4730 F: +41(0)22 740 4683 [email protected] Re: Kenya – 71st pre-sessional working group of the Committee (8-12 June 2015) 27 February 2015 Distinguished Committee Members, We respectfully submit this letter in advance of the Committee on the Rights of the Child’s (the Committee’s) discussion of Kenya at its 71st pre-sessional working group from 8-12 June 2015. Equality Now is an international human rights organization with ECOSOC status working to protect and promote the rights of women and girls worldwide since 1992, including through our membership network comprised of individuals and organizations in over 190 countries. Rural Education and Economic Enhancement Programme (REEP) is a local Kenyan NGO that works on HIV/AIDS prevention and mitigation and human rights issues, including awareness raising about gender-based violence particularly against the girl child as well as organizing girls’ clubs, support groups, and facilitating access to paralegals and counselors for girls affected by gender-based violence. This communication is made with reference to Equality Now’s Action 52.1 (October 2013, updated 31 July 2014): Kenya: Protect girls by enforcing FGM and child marriage laws1 and Action 54.1 (January 2014, updated 5 December 2014): Kenya: Ensure justice for 16-year-old Liz & all victims of sexual violence,2 calling on Kenya to take steps to end FGM, child marriage, and sexual violence, practices and crimes which violate the Convention on the Rights of the Child and other 1 Available at www.equalitynow.org/take_action/fgm_action521.
    [Show full text]