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Implementing a Gender-Sensitive Budgeting Approach in the Enugu and Nsukka Zones of Enugu State, Nigeria

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Implementing a Gender-Sensitive Budgeting Approach in the Enugu and Nsukka Zones of Enugu State, Nigeria Project 1: Implementing a gender-sensitive budgeting approach in the Enugu and Nsukka Zones of Enugu State, Nigeria ........................................................................ 1 Project 2: A gender-responsive budget advocacy campaign to end child marriage in Punjab Province, Pakistan .......................................................................................... 5 Project 3: Budget advocacy for implementation of district-kevel monitoring committees to end child marriage and to fund Women’s Safe Houses to support married girls in Sindh Province, Pakistan .................................................................. 8 Project 4: Linda Mtoto (Protect a Child), Kilifi County, Kenya ...................................... 11 Project 5: Child protection through budget advocacy to end child marriage in the communes of Est-Mono and Anié, Togo .................................................................. 14 Project 6: Budget allocation for the prevention of formal or informal, early, child/adolescent unions in Mexico: The case of the SIPINNA and its application at the federal, state and municipal level ....................................................................... 17 Girls Not Brides member organisation: Society for the Improvement of Rural People (SIRP) Pilot funding amount: US$8,330 PICTURED: Participants in a State/Public Dialogue on Budget Advocacy in Enugu State, Nigeria. Photo: Girls Not Brides/SIRP strategy’s vision is to reduce child marriage by 40% by 2020 and end the practice entirely A total of 43% of girls in Nigeria are married by 2030, and is one of the key policy before the age of 18 and 16% before turning frameworks used by SIRP to hold 1 15. Child marriage is most common in the government accountable in this project. North West and North East of the country, where up to 68% of women aged 20-49 were child brides. 2 Child marriage is most In this project, SIRP worked to common among Nigeria’s poorest, rural institutionalise a gender-responsive households. 3 Ending child marriage could budgeting approach to preparing annual generate an additional US$7.6 billion in budgets in the Enugu and Nsukka zones of earnings and productivity in the country. 4 Enugu State in Nigeria. They worked to In 2016 the Ministry of Women Affairs and direct budgetary allocations towards Social Development launched a National interventions that support adolescent girls Strategy to End Child Marriage. 5 The 1 National Population Commission (NPC) and ICF, Nigeria 4 World Bank and International Center for Research on demographic and health survey 2018, 2019. Women (ICRW), Economic impacts of child marriage: 2 National Bureau of Statistics and UNICEF, Multiple Work, earnings and household welfare brief, 2017. indicator cluster survey 2016-17: Survey findings report, 5 Federal Ministry of Women Affairs and Social 2017. Development, National strategy to end child marriage in 3 Ibid. Nigeria (2016-2021), 2016. 1 and address child marriage in the 2020 Enugu State Budget. SIRP used key policy frameworks to strengthen accountability systems and increase financing. These were the National Gender Policy Strategic Framework (Implementation Plan) 2008-13, the National Strategy to End Child Marriage 2016-21, enforcement of the Enugu State Child Rights Law 2004 and Violence Against Persons Prohibition Bill 2019. PICTURED: Enugu State Budget 2019-21 now includes budget lines that Ministry of Gender and Social support adolescent girls and address child marriage. Development Photo: Girls Not Brides/SIRP Ministry of Education The body of Permanent Secretaries officially committed to gender- Ministry of Budget and Planning responsive budgeting as a framework Members of the legislature and judiciary for the state annual budget, beginning in 2020. They will: Civil society organisations (CSO) o Promote gender mainstreaming by The media considering revenue raising and spending o Budget lines that support adolescent Analyse the budget’s gender- girls and address child marriage are differentiated impacts institutionalised within the 2020 o Adjust budgetary decisions and Enugu State Budget, with priorities according to the different approximately US$6.8 million needs of girls, boys, women and men allocated to: This was achieved thanks to trainings o Child/social protection with 50 policymakers and government o Primary school completion for girls officials, and a State Dialogue on gender- responsive budgeting with members of o Reduction of gender disparity and the executive, legislature, judiciary, CSOs increase of (girls’) secondary school and the media. The official commitment attendance resulted from a training for Permanent o Provision of sanitary pads to girls and Secretaries and Senior Budget Officers on young women how to prepare a gender mainstreamed Budget Call Circular. 2 The media and civil society have the functional and programmatic budget greater knowledge of the key policy classifications of the Gender and issues affecting a government’s Education Ministries’ budgets. budgetary decisions and are able to A systems approach supports advocacy influence this at the state level. They for public spending on gender/social are also more aware of the role they play welfare issues like child marriage. This in monitoring government expenditure is because social issues related to child and can flag up misspending via elected protection and child marriages are often members of the Enugu State House of incorrectly conceptualised and budgeted Assembly, the media and public for, if at all. In the Enugu State 2020 mobilisation. This was achieved through Budget, SIRP ensured the adoption of a training on gender-responsive budgeting. systems approach by providing budget Relationships between SIRP and the line items for the social/child protection Ministries of Budget and Planning, sectors. Education and Gender Affairs are Advocacy should go beyond budget stronger and dedicated to gender- allocation to address child marriage. responsive budgeting from 2020. A In implementing the pilot project, SIRP WhatsApp group was set up for deepened their understanding of the government and non-state actors to share complexity of budgeting to end child information on global best practices and marriage, particularly in: resources on gender-responsive budgeting and child marriage. o Challenging and influencing policies and budgets at the state (sub- A committee headed and convened by national) level. Mrs. Peace Nnaji – the Honourable Commissioner for Gender Affairs – o Advocating not just for more will develop a framework to enforce resources, but for a more gender- the Enugu State Child Rights Law and equitable and efficient use of those Enugu State Violence Against Persons resources. Prohibition Law. These two statutes o Advocating for resources within and criminalise all forms of gender-based across sectors, and for child violence. protection and education for girls. o Improving government transparency Child marriage interventions should and accountability and citizen-led be linked and costed to a programme participatory budgeting processes. and budget. It can be more effective to o Influencing decision-making work with state actors to agree a few key processes in public budgets – both intervention areas in different sectors. In those on paper, and the “behind the the Enugu State 2020 Budget, SIRP scenes” informal decision-making influenced the linking of budget lines on processes. “Child Protection” and “Completion of Primary School Education” for girls under CSOs can connect budget numbers with real-life stories to build an 3 investment case for action on child cannot convince governments to take marriage. Statistics, cost of inaction and action on child marriage. economic arguments alone do not and “We shared stories and experiences of a number of girl child school dropouts in the 17 local government councils of Enugu State […] due to poverty, lack of access to school facilities, patriarchy and the consequent result of forced and early marriage for these young girls […] We painted a scenario of the impact of the practices of child marriage on the girl child, and in that way we were able to secure approval of State actors.” Dr. Christopher Ugwu, SIRP 4 Girls Not Brides member organisation: Formation, Awareness and Community Empowerment Society (FACES) Pilot funding amount: US$7,831 minimum age of marriage for girls and boys is 18, as defined by the Sindh Child A total of 18% of girls in Pakistan are Marriage Restraint Act. married before the age of 18 and almost 4% are married before 15.6 Child marriage is more prevalent in rural areas. 7 Ending In this project, FACES delivered a gender- child marriage could see a 13% rise in responsive budget advocacy campaign to earnings and productivity for Pakistani address child marriage in Punjab province. women who married early.8 They wanted to ensure that key sectoral Under the Child Marriage Restraint Act departments of Punjab’s provincial 1929 the minimum legal age of marriage is government – the education, health and 16 for girls and 18 for boys. In 2019, a Child child protection sectors – were Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Bill was incorporating child marriage and gender passed in the Pakistani Senate to increase equality issues for adolescent girls into the minimum age of marriage for girls to 18 their budgeting and planning processes. years. Religious political parties in Pakistan FACES focused on three main components: opposed the bill, claiming it to be against Budget analysis:
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