DOCSLIB.ORG

Her Majesty's Army, Indian and Colonial Forces

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Her Majesty's Army, Indian and Colonial Forces , V'^i^JW THE GOVERNOR-GENERAL'S BODY-GUARD, L'Al.cniA. i ^A "9 P' «?VUtl"IL . ^m^ THE 5th ROYAL SCOTS OF CANADA MuNl la'AI,. THE BOMBAY ARTILLERY i lii.l^^- THE I3tl, BENGAL LANCERS. HALIFAX GARRISON ARTILLtRY. 1 .^ VICTORIAN ARTILLERY. FIRST MADRAS PIONEtRS. VICTORIAN MOUNTED RIFLES. :# HER MAJESTY'S ARMY /! N A DBaCRIPTlVE Accoum- <'|- Till VARIOI '>^HGLMl£Xrs NOW . COMj'RISJVfuKi.sjM, iiij,rin- guEEXs Forces l\ J.XDEV AXl^ IJIJ, COLUXII.S l:v ^VALTER RICHARDS l)l\'. I LOXDON .' S. VIRTUE .K- CO., L,,„Ti.n -'9-J. Crrv ROAD AM. ,r,, ivv I.AXE HE INDIAN AND COLONIAL FOECES OP HER MAJESTY'S AEMY. AXE of (ho liiippiost niiswors rcoordcd of living stiitosmcn ^'as that in which a well known niinislci- reeommcndod to an alarmed interrogator " the study of largo maps." Tlie danger which seems so imminent, so ominous, when wo read about it in a newspaper artiele or in the report of a speech, grows reassuringly distant M'hen considered through the medium of a good sized chart. St)mewhat converse to this, it will be ftmnd, is the map influence on our views of I'ritish Possessions. Expressed in print the figures or dimensions, from being trite and common form, have come to bo but imperfectly realized, to bo looked upon, in fact, as little more than algebraical symbols. ])Ut a glance at a map of the world, in which Her !^^ajesfy's Dominions arc distinguished by a uniform colour, makes Vhc magnitude of those Dominions at once evident and impressive. "We look in vain for a quarter of the globe where the Imperial blazon is not ; hero an island, there a stretch of continent ; on this side a fj -ning impregnable fortress, on that the wide expanse of virgin forest or the limitless stretch of fertile, unbroken plain. From the contemplation of those vast tracks let us cast our eyes quickly back to the tiny sea-girt isles, washed by the four seas which surround them, marked the British Isles, with an area of some 80,000 square miles, and reflect that from them have come the men Avho have conquered or colonized nearly nine million sqaare miles of the earth's surfiice, comprising a sixth of the habited portion of the globe ! A just pride may well be ours, and with that pride must ever be a growing shame and marvel that there should bo found in our midst men who set slight store on this fair heritage, and with sickening cynicism profess to care not if it pass from our hands. Men worthy of their country's pride of place and of the sires who have made that country what she they who picture ind strive to make ' picture a reality- •» 9 HER MAJESTY'S ARMY. mighty Einpiro, svitli alms ami interests in common, •\vitli onccontml soat of Ciovernmont, with cue Suvoroign supremo over all, ami w iili tlic local freedom, inseparable from the character of British subjects, fostered and strengthened for the av( al of all. Though our task is to sketch the histories of the lucal^ forces in Iiidia iuul the Colonies, it is impossible to give duo emphasis to their importance Avithout considering tliem first in their relation to th(> I'linpire a; a wliole, and as factors Mlmse action has produced, as it ever must, results wider than its apparent sphere. For many years this wider action Avas scarcely perceptible. Tlie raw native levies who fought by the side of the Fusiliers of Bengal and Madras, in the early history of British India, (•eemed entirely and exclusively local; the volunteer bands which in Canada and South Africa, in Australia and Xcw Zealand fought against Frenchmen or natives, ft)UL;lit in a Avay as it seemed for their own Iiand. Yet these men were but the pn^gcnitors of the Xative Cavalry that charged wit li Drury Lowe at ICassassiu, of tlu^ Canadian Corps wliicli I'ouglit side by side with tlio I'ritish Army in the Crimea, and gave such priceless aid in the passage of thcXile; of the Cape levies wlioso w(»rth was shown in the savage Zulu War; of tlio stalwart contingc^it from Xew ^outli A\'ales mIio earned such deser" .'d praise in I'gypt, Tho period of isolated interests, if it ever in truth existed, may be said to have ceased ; there are not wanting those who foretell that whenever ChmI Ib'itaiu is engaged in war her sons from afar will lltilit, side bv side with Sikh and Ooorkluis in the ranks of the (i ueen s Armv lie ec•ho of The iiv to sliaiuo ii-i So Iiival is ti A\\ is Iieard now only from those moral Achcrons whence come by fits tho cant of tho pseudo cosmopolitan, the whine of p(jlitical Stigginses, the howls of demagogues and the self assertive shriek of unscrupulous place hunters. Amongst those who have made our Empire what it is, amongst those whose bravo hearts and strong arms will aid in keeping it what it is, to whom avc shall look—as they to ns —when danger threatens the one or the other, are the Indian and Colonial Forces of Tier Majesty's Army. They offered the sword M-ith one hand, but order and good government with the <i<ii other, and hence they never had to fight a united people. It has been well said that iui at no period of the world's history, previous to tho settlement of tho Queen's Colonial Empire, has so large a portion of this earth been preserved from the horrors fif war on as has been sheltered from it by the rule of the British Empire. *' IIow many of the 1 JXDIAX AND COr.OMAL. 5 Iiuliii seen shot fiixtl in nngor? IIow long is it since nt, 2-jO,(JU(),UUU in liuvo ever a litis been invaded ? often has there been fighting in Canada? AVhcrc tlio England How can you find a record of M'ar between Europeans in Australia or New Zealand ? And tho A\lien we coiuiiarc the answers M'ith what can be said of Spain, Franco, Cierinany, Italy, Ivussia, will sec that in the past the preservation of peace has been vin;4 Austria, and you one of the greatest functions which has been fulfilled by the British Empire." An examination such as Ave have referred to of that map of the M'orld on which i tins to use the term in a Avide and uutechiiical sense are shown, will ;.ftlu> JUitish territories — — i^uggcst to us the necessity of recalling how and when these plots of land, with which y uiul to all a^jpcarauce the small i:4e of Great 15rilaiii can have nothing to do, beneath ^tvaVia passed her sway, and added fresh lustre to the glories of a Crown which long ago had been Led fov justly called Imperial. y ^^^'^^ A\'e shall glance tliou at India, at Canada, at Australia, A'ictoria, Xew Zealand and i.it' I'y the ISouth African possessioii;'. "NVe shall notice too the smaller pnssesh;ions of the jsagc of lU'itish Crown, involving, as their notice will, an account of some of the best known and „f ll>o , valurd of the Colonial Forces. A well known writer* describes very clearly the gro'.\th oi the Colonial Empire, and tlio causes of that growth. As might be expected, he makes short work of the view that wars are caused by kingly ambition, holding the teaching of the Shelley-csriuc ra'.',l^s^t' couplet that " War !,• a ;:'alilc llial, Wcl'u tlioif Sllljrcts \vi:i', KhiL,'.- wmuM nut [ilay at,'' to be misleading, to use the mildest expression. "If wars," he Avrites " were caused psovido tc solely by the ambition of kings, we shoidd find most wtirs when kings litxd most power. soU' Id tlic J)Ut how do you account for the ftict thtit the tinns of the Tudors and Stutirts, when the kings had gretxt power, Avere on the Avhole peaceful, Avhile the times of Edward III. and brave [osc Henry Y., tiiid of Cleorge I. and George II., A\heu rarlitunent had verj' great poAver, so [_-'as tlicy great, in fact, that the kings could not make Avar for a moment unless thoy could get of Tovccs i\irliainont to grant tlicm suiiplies, Avero both t'mcs of Avar? " Terliaps you Avill say that it Avas the ambition of the nobles and gentlemen. Facts tlic Nvith answer that this Avas not the case. During a great part of this time the landoAvners stiid tliai h id not the chief power in directing the policy of the Government. Indeed they I's Colmiiul opposed the war, and the advocates of iighting Avcrc the "Whigs, Avho rested for support lois of ^v!l^' on the merchants and middle classes." * kimy of the C'vrit raii.~oiuc. b2 4 //AV.' MAJKS'ir'S ARMi: It woiiUl, indeed, be difRcult to better describe the nature nnd origin of our Colonial I'lnpirn than in Mr. Eansonie's word;*. " Our present Colonies, excluding' India, nuiy bo arranged under three heads. " The first of these includes : — (1.) The North American Colonies, of whieli the chief is Canada. (2.) The West Indies, of which Jamaica is a type. (">.) Tlic South African Colonies, of which tlie Cape of Good Hope is the most important. (-1.) The Australian Colonies, in company Mitli >\hicii we generally think of New Zealand. " Tlicse arc all Colonics to which I'migration is niori' or less desirable.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Catalogue of the Earl Marshal's Papers at Arundel
    CONTENTS CONTENTS v FOREWORD by Sir Anthony Wagner, K.C.V.O., Garter King of Arms vii PREFACE ix LIST OF REFERENCES xi NUMERICAL KEY xiii COURT OF CHIVALRY Dated Cases 1 Undated Cases 26 Extracts from, or copies of, records relating to the Court; miscellaneous records concerning the Court or its officers 40 EARL MARSHAL Office and Jurisdiction 41 Precedence 48 Deputies 50 Dispute between Thomas, 8th Duke of Norfolk and Henry, Earl of Berkshire, 1719-1725/6 52 Secretaries and Clerks 54 COLLEGE OF ARMS General Administration 55 Commissions, appointments, promotions, suspensions, and deaths of Officers of Arms; applications for appointments as Officers of Arms; lists of Officers; miscellanea relating to Officers of Arms 62 Office of Garter King of Arms 69 Officers of Arms Extraordinary 74 Behaviour of Officers of Arms 75 Insignia and dress 81 Fees 83 Irregularities contrary to the rules of honour and arms 88 ACCESSIONS AND CORONATIONS Coronation of King James II 90 Coronation of King George III 90 Coronation of King George IV 90 Coronation of Queen Victoria 90 Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra 90 Accession and Coronation of King George V and Queen Mary 96 Royal Accession and Coronation Oaths 97 Court of Claims 99 FUNERALS General 102 King George II 102 Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales 102 King George III 102 King William IV 102 William Ewart Gladstone 103 Queen Victoria 103 King Edward VII 104 CEREMONIAL Precedence 106 Court Ceremonial; regulations; appointments; foreign titles and decorations 107 Opening of Parliament
    [Show full text]
  • The Battle of Sobraon*
    B.A. 1ST YEAR IIND SEMESTER Topic : *The Battle of Sobraon* The Battle of Sobraon was fought on 10 February 1846, between the forces of the East India Company and the Sikh Khalsa Army, the army of the Sikh Empire of the Punjab. The Sikhs were completely defeated, making this the decisive battle of the First Anglo-Sikh War. The First Anglo-Sikh war began in late 1845, after a combination of increasing disorder in the Sikh empire following the death of Ranjit Singh in 1839 and provocations by the British East India Company led to the Sikh Khalsa Army invading British territory. The British had won the first two major battles of the war through a combination of luck, the steadfastness of British and Bengal units and equivocal conduct bordering on deliberate treachery by Tej Singh and Lal Singh, the commanders of the Sikh Army. On the British side, the Governor General, Sir Henry Hardinge, had been dismayed by the head-on tactics of the Bengal Army's commander-in-chief, Sir Hugh Gough, and was seeking to have him removed from command. However, no commander senior enough to supersede Gough could arrive from England for several months. Then the army's spirits were revived by the victory gained by Sir Harry Smith at the Battle of Aliwal, in which he eliminated a threat to the army's lines of communication, and the arrival of reinforcements including much-needed heavy artillery and two battalions of Gurkhas. The Sikhs had been temporarily dismayed by their defeat at the Battle of Ferozeshah, and had withdrawn most of their forces across the Sutlej River.
    [Show full text]
  • “Othering” Oneself: European Civilian Casualties and Representations of Gendered, Religious, and Racial Ideology During the Indian Rebellion of 1857
    “OTHERING” ONESELF: EUROPEAN CIVILIAN CASUALTIES AND REPRESENTATIONS OF GENDERED, RELIGIOUS, AND RACIAL IDEOLOGY DURING THE INDIAN REBELLION OF 1857 A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences Florida Gulf Coast University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirement for the Degree of Masters of Arts in History By Stefanie A. Babb 2014 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in History ________________________________________ Stefanie A. Babb Approved: April 2014 _________________________________________ Eric A. Strahorn, Ph.D. Committee Chair / Advisor __________________________________________ Frances Davey, Ph.D __________________________________________ Habtamu Tegegne, Ph.D. The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. Copyright © 2014 by Stefanie Babb All rights reserved One must claim the right and the duty of imagining the future, instead of accepting it. —Eduardo Galeano iv CONTENTS PREFACE v ACKNOWLEDGMENTS vi INTRODUCTION 1 CHAPTER ONE HISTORIOGRAPHY 12 CHAPTER TWO LET THE “OTHERING” BEGIN 35 Modes of Isolation 39 Colonial Thought 40 Racialization 45 Social Reforms 51 Political Policies 61 Conclusion 65 CHAPTER THREE LINES DRAWN 70 Outbreak at Meerut and the Siege on Delhi 70 The Cawnpore Massacres 78 Changeable Realities 93 Conclusion 100 CONCLUSION 102 APPENDIX A MAPS 108 APPENDIX B TIMELINE OF INDIAN REBELLION 112 BIBLIOGRAPHY 114 v Preface This thesis began as a seminar paper that was written in conjunction with the International Civilians in Warfare Conference hosted by Florida Gulf Coast University, February, 2012.
    [Show full text]
  • Round 18 - Tossups
    NSC 2019 - Round 18 - Tossups 1. The only two breeds of these animals that have woolly coats are the Hungarian Mangalica ("man-gahl-EE-tsa"), and the extinct Lincolnshire Curly breed. Fringe scientist Eugene McCarthy posits ​ that humans evolved from a chimp interbreeding with one of these animals, whose bladders were once used to store paint and to make rugby balls. One of these animals was detained along with the Chicago Seven after (*) Yippies nominated it for President at the 1968 DNC. A pungent odor found in this animal's ​ testes is synthesized by truffles, so these animals are often used to hunt for them. Zhu Bajie resembles this animal in the novel Journey to the West. Foods made from this animal include rinds and carnitas. For 10 points, ​ ​ ​ ​ name these animals often raised in sties. ANSWER: pigs [accept boars or swine or hogs or Sus; accept domestic pigs; accept Pigasus the Immortal] ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ ​ <Jose, Other - Other Academic and General Knowledge> 2. British explorer Alexander Burnes was killed by a mob in this country's capital, supposedly for his womanizing. In this country, Malalai legendarily rallied troops at the Battle of Maiwand against a foreign army. Dr. William Brydon was the only person to survive the retreat of Elphinstone's army during a war where Shah Shuja was temporarily placed on the throne of this country. The modern founder of this country was a former commander under Nader Shah named (*) Ahmad Shah Durrani. This ​ country was separated from British holdings by the Durand line, which separated its majority Pashtun population from the British-controlled city of Peshawar.
    [Show full text]
  • Hajji Din Mohammad Biography
    Program for Culture & Conflict Studies www.nps.edu/programs/ccs Hajji Din Mohammad Biography Hajji Din Mohammad, a former mujahedin fighter from the Khalis faction of Hezb-e Islami, became governor of the eastern province of Nangarhar after the assassination of his brother, Hajji Abdul Qadir, in July 2002. He is also the brother of slain commander Abdul Haq. He is currently serving as the provincial governor of Kabul Province. Hajji Din Mohammad’s great-grandfather, Wazir Arsala Khan, served as Foreign Minister of Afghanistan in 1869. One of Arsala Khan's descendents, Taj Mohammad Khan, was a general at the Battle of Maiwand where a British regiment was decimated by Afghan combatants. Another descendent, Abdul Jabbar Khan, was Afghanistan’s first ambassador to Russia. Hajji Din Mohammad’s father, Amanullah Khan Jabbarkhel, served as a district administer in various parts of the country. Two of his uncles, Mohammad Rafiq Khan Jabbarkhel and Hajji Zaman Khan Jabbarkhel, were members of the 7th session of the Afghan Parliament. Hajji Din Mohammad’s brothers Abdul Haq and Hajji Abdul Qadir were Mujahedin commanders who fought against the forces of the USSR during the Soviet Occupation of Afghanistan from 1980 through 1989. In 2001, Abdul Haq was captured and executed by the Taliban. Hajji Abdul Qadir served as a Governor of Nangarhar Province after the Soviet Occupation and was credited with maintaining peace in the province during the years of civil conflict that followed the Soviet withdrawal. Hajji Abdul Qadir served as a Vice President in the newly formed post-Taliban government of Hamid Karzai, but was assassinated by unknown assailants in 2002.
    [Show full text]
  • The Gallantry Gazette January 2015 the Magazine for Victoria Cross Collectors Issue 6
    The Gallantry Gazette January 2015 The magazine for Victoria Cross collectors Issue 6 VCP034 £395 Our choice of handwritten letter with address of Sandringham, Norfolk signed by Sir Dighton Probyn VC. General Sir Dighton Macnaughton Probyn VC, VCP034A £495 GCB, GCSI, Envelope addressed to Mr. Bathe, has GCVO, ISO signature of Dighton Probyn VC. (21 January 1833 - 20 June Probyn was 24 years old, and a captain in the 2nd in credit at the bank. Probyn had difficulty hiding the 1924) Punjab Cavalry, Bengal Army during the Indian Mutiny King’s extravagance; and which the minister Charles when the following deeds took place for which he was Hobhouse refused to defend in the Commons. awarded the VC: Probyn continued in this role throughout the King’s rule Probyn was “Has been distinguished for gallantry and daring and right up to his death. throughout this campaign. At the battle of Agra, when Probyn was totally devoted to the Princess, then Queen- an English his squadron charged the rebel infantry, he was some Empress, building gardens for her at Windsor Castle and time separated from his men, and surrounded by five or Sandringham House. The Queen returned the devotion, recipient of the six sepoys. He defended himself from the various cuts carrying round a knife with her to cut open his collar made at him, and before his own men had joined him when he occasionally had seizures. Victoria Cross, had cut down two of his assailants. At another time, Sir Dighton had an impressive appearance in old age the highest and in single combat with a sepoy, he was wounded in the with a very long white beard reaching down to his navel wrist, by the bayonet, and his horse also was slightly which concealed his VC on ceremonial occasions.
    [Show full text]
  • A Canter Some Dark Defile: Examining the Coalition Counter-Insurgency Strategy in Afghanistan
    A Canter Some Dark Defile: Examining the Coalition Counter-Insurgency Strategy in Afghanistan Raspal Khosa A scrimmage in a Border Station— A canter down some dark defile— Two thousand pounds of education Drops to a ten-rupee jezail— The Crammer's boast, the Squadron's pride, Shot like a rabbit in a ride! These verses are from Rudyard Kipling’s evocative 1886 poem ‘Arithmetic on the Frontier’ that was published after the Second Anglo-Afghan War (1878-1880). Kipling speaks of the asymmetry of warfare between British soldiers who were educated and dispatched to the Indian sub-continent at great expense, and the Pushtun tribesmen that inhabit the wild borderlands between Afghanistan and what is now Pakistan, who although illiterate, are nonetheless skilled in the martial arts. Accounts of Great Game-era conflicts such as the Battle of Maiwand (1880) in Southern Afghanistan—where nearly 1,000 British and Indian Army troops were slaughtered by an overwhelming force of Afghan soldiers and ghazis (holy warriors)—have formed an image in the Western mind of the Pushtun as a fiercely independent actor who will defy attempts at external coercion or indeed strong central rule. A century later these perceptions were reinforced when the Soviet Union intervened in Afghanistan’s tortuous internal politics, only to quit after 10 years of dogged resistance by Western-backed Mujahideen fighters. The present-day Taliban-dominated insurgency that has engulfed much of the south and east of Afghanistan is essentially being conducted by violent Pushtun Islamists on either side of the 2,430 km Afghanistan-Pakistan frontier.
    [Show full text]
  • Impact of the Sepoy Mutiny on Indian Polity and Society
    Impact of the Sepoy Mutiny on Indian Polity and Society claws.in/1420/impact-of-the-sepoy-mutiny-in-indian-polity-and-society-isha-naravane.html #1420 184 August 14, 2015 By Isha Naravane Introduction The events of 1857 loom large in Indian History. Some consider it the first great war of independence, others a mere mutiny and some say it was a revolt against existing conditions. Whatever be the case, the most singular consequence for India’s army was how the British now viewed their armed forces in India. Whether the British ruled it as a trading company or as a nation, the use of force and military might was still necessary to occupy and subjugate the subcontinent. The Revolt of 1857 led to a re-organization of the Indian army and this article highlights some of the socio-economic and cultural impacts of this re-organization. The soldier is also a product of his socio-economic, cultural and political landscape. The recruitment of natives for the British Indian army on a large scale, their training in modern warfare methods, the salary and rewards given to native soldiers all had an impact on the environment where the soldiers came from, on Indian rulers who fielded armies on the battlefield, and on agrarian communities who ultimately shouldered the revenue burden for maintenance of armies. Salient Features Impacting Post-Mutiny Re-Organisation The events of the 1857 uprising all over India are well-documented. This article will discuss those which are pertinent to large scale re-organisation of political and military systems.
    [Show full text]
  • King George and the Royal Family
    ICO = 00 100 :LD = 00 CD "CO KING GEORGE AND THE ROYAL FAMILY KING GEORGK V Bust by Alfred Drury, K.A. &y permission of the sculptor KING GEORGE j* K AND THE ROYAL FAMILY y ;' ,* % j&i ?**? BY EDWARD LEGGE AUTHOR OF 'KING EDWARD IN HIS TRUE COLOURS' VOLUME I LONDON GRANT RICHARDS LTD. ST. MARTIN'S STREET MCMXVIII " . tjg. _^j_ $r .ffft* - i ' JO^ > ' < DA V.I PRINTED IN OBEAT BRITAIN AT THE COMPLETE PRESS WEST NORWOOD LONDON CONTENTS CHAP. PAQB I. THE KING'S CHARACTER AND ATTRIBUTES : HIS ACCESSION AND " DECLARATION " 9 II. THE QUEEN 55 " III. THE KING BETWEEN THE DEVIL AND THE DEEP SEA" 77 IV. THE INTENDED COERCION OF ULSTER 99 V. THE KING FALSELY ACCUSED OF " INTER- VENTION " 118 VI. THE MANTLE OF EDWARD VII INHERITED BY GEORGE V 122 VII. KING GEORGE AND QUEEN MARY IN PARIS (1914) 138 VIII. THE KING'S GREAT ADVENTURE (1914) 172 IX. THE MISHAP TO THE KING IN FRANCE, 1915 180 X. THE KING'S OWN WORDS 192 XI. WHY THE SOVEREIGNS ARE POPULAR 254 XII. THE KING ABOLISHES GERMAN TITLES, AND FOUNDS THE ROYAL HOUSE AND FAMILY OF WINDSOR 286 " XIII. " LE ROY LE VEULT 816 XIV. KING GEORGE, THE KAISER, HENRY THE SPY, AND MR. GERARD : THE KING'S TELE- GRAMS, AND OTHERS 827 f 6 CONTENTS CHAP. PAGE XV. KING GEORGE'S PARENTS IN PARIS 841 XVI. THE GREATEST OF THE GREAT GARDEN PARTIES 347 XVII. THE KING'S ACTIVITIES OUTLINED : 1910-1917 356 XVIII. THE CORONATION 372 ILLUSTRATIONS To face page KING GEORGE V Frontispiece His LATE MAJESTY KING EDWARD VII 40 PORTRAIT OF THE LATE PRINCESS MARY OF CAMBRIDGE 56 THE CHILDREN OF THE ROYAL FAMILY 74 THE KING AND QUEEN AT THE AMERICAN OFFICERS' CLUB, MAYFAIR 122 THE KING AND PRESIDENT POINCARE 138 THE QUEEN AND MADAME POINCARE 158 " HAPPY," THE KING'S DOG 176 A LUNCHEON PARTY AT SANDRINGHAM 190 His MAJESTY KING GEORGE V IN BRITISH FIELD-MARSHAL'S UNIFORM 226 FACSIMILES OF CHRISTMAS CARDS 268 H.R.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Two Day Autograph Sale Sunday 03 April 2011 11:00
    Two Day Autograph Sale Sunday 03 April 2011 11:00 International Autograph Auctions (IAA) Radisson Edwardian Heathrow Hotel 140 Bath Road Heathrow UB3 5AW International Autograph Auctions (IAA) (Two Day Autograph Sale) Catalogue - Downloaded from UKAuctioneers.com Lot: 472 Lot: 476 MONET CLAUDE: (1840-1926) French Impressionist Painter. ALMA-TADEMA LAWRENCE: (1836-1912) Dutch-born English A.L.S., Claude Monet, two pages, 8vo, Giverny par Vernon, Painter. Signed and inscribed sepia 4 x 9.5 photograph, the 26th April 1899, to [Gustave] Geffroy, in French, on Monet's image being a reproduction of one of the artist's paintings black edged stationery. Monet informs his friend that he was in showing a young lady standing in a full length profile pose on a Paris yesterday to take care of the final details for the Sisley marble balcony, with her hand raised to her head as she looks sale and asks that Geffroy publicise the sale everywhere he out into the distance. Signed by Alma-Tadema in dark ink to the can, remarking 'Given the avalanche of fantastic sales with paid lower photographer's mount and dated 5th July 1909 in his advertisements, I have not been able to do anything under the hand. An unusual signed image. Some very light, minor overall circumstances. I thought that they would not refuse you age wear, about VG publication of your very fine preface in the newspaper. This Estimate: £80.00 - £120.00 would be excellent for the sale...It is urgent that it should appear before the sale.' In concluding Monet adds that he will be in Paris on Saturday and will stay for a few days, therefore Lot: 477 hoping to see Geffroy.
    [Show full text]
  • Examining the Suicide Terror Movement in Afghanistan Matthew Dearing1
    The Culture & Conflict Review Vol. 2, No. 3, Summer 2008 Examining the Suicide Terror Movement in Afghanistan Matthew Dearing1 “When you do not have guns or bomber planes then your body is the only weapon that you use to resist people killing your families.”2 What is behind the surge of Improvised Explosive Devices (IED) and suicide attacks in Afghanistan? Suicide attacks in particular are a recent phenomenon in Afghanistan, increasing by 42 percent from 2006 to 2007.3 This article will examine some of the factors behind the increasing use of suicide and IED attacks as tactics of unconventional warfare in Afghanistan. It will analyze the strategic environment in which these types of operations are used and provide some policy recommendations for countering future IED attacks. It is important to understand that unconventional warfare is a “strategy of necessity” for the weaker side in an insurgency.4 As an asymmetric warfare tactic, suicide terrorism provides incentives for insurgents. In Afghanistan, IED and suicide missions are founded upon three fundamental aims – to compel the United States and ISAF to leave the perceived homeland of Pashtuns, to undermine the legitimacy of the U.S. backed government in Kabul, and to create a desperate environment that provides little alternative but to join the suicide jihad movement. While current evidence shows the Taliban have been only slightly successful in changing perceptions, the momentum could easily shift to their advantage. Current Events & Trends Recent attacks have been the most violent since U.S. operations began in 2001. On February 17, 2008, more than 100 Afghans were killed when a suicide bomber detonated his explosives vest at a dog-fighting match, targeting the chief 1 Matthew Dearing is a Research Associate with the Program for Culture & Conflict Studies.
    [Show full text]
  • British Indian Army: Role of Punjab in the World War I
    201 B. Singh & B. Singh: British Indian Army British Indian Army: Role of Punjab in the World War I Bhupinder Singh and Bawa Singh Central University of Punjab, Bathinda ________________________________________________________________ The British Indian Army evolved out of the three presidencies of Bengal, Madras and Bombay, which had come under the control of the East India Company in the second-half of the eighteenth century. With the outbreak of the Sepoy mutiny 1857, both the administration and the Indian army were radically restructured. The Punjab’s strategic location, the onset of the ‘Great Game,’ and what was believed to be the martial character of local people played an important role in placing this region in the center of British planning. This paper examines the role of Punjab in providing soldiers as well as generous politico-economic support to the British Empire during the World War I. ___________________________________________________________________________________ The origins of the British Indian Army were modest. It began in the 17th century as the East India Company’s irregular force guarding a group of four factories with a few hundred men. A pioneer scholar of military history, Roy (2009), claims that with the passage of time, the colonial army became one of the largest employers in India. In the beginning, the presidencies of Bengal, Bombay and Madras contributed significantly to the building of the colonial army. This first phase was popularly known as Bengalization of the British Indian Army, owing to Bengalʹs substantial contribution. The prominence of Punjab and Punjabis in this Army began with the annexation of Punjab in 1849 and was reinforced by onset of the Great Game in general and World War I in particular.
    [Show full text]