E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 105 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 143 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1997 No. 13 House of Representatives The House met at 11 a.m. and was THE JOURNAL of our colleague, the Honorable Frank called to order by the Speaker pro tem- Tejeda; The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Whereas Representative Tejeda has spent 4 pore [Mr. LAHOOD]. Chair has examined the Journal of the years in the House of Representatives; f last day’s proceedings and announces Whereas Representative Tejeda served his to the House his approval thereof. country honorably in the United States Ma- DESIGNATION OF THE SPEAKER Pursuant to clause 1, rule I, the Jour- rine Corps from 1963 to 1967; and Whereas Representative Tejeda was award- PRO TEMPORE nal stands approved. ed the Purple Heart, the Silver Star, the The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, Commandant’s Trophy, the Marine Corps As- fore the House the following commu- pursuant to clause 1, rule I, I demand a sociation Award, and the Colonel Phil nication from the Speaker: vote on agreeing to the Speaker’s ap- Yeckel Award for ‘‘the best combined record proval of the Journal. in leadership, academics, and physical fit- WASHINGTON, DC, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The ness’’: Now, therefore, be it February 5, 1997. Resolved, That— I hereby designate the Honorable RAY question is on the Chair’s approval of (1) when the Senate adjourns today, it ad- LAHOOD to act as Speaker pro tempore on the Journal. journ as a further mark of admiration and this day. The question was taken; and the respect to the memory of our departed friend NEWT GINGRICH, Speaker pro tempore announced that and colleague, who left his mark on Texas Speaker of the House of Representatives. the ayes appeared to have it. and our Nation; and (2) the Senate extends to his family our f Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I object to the vote on the ground that a thoughts and prayers during this difficult time. PRAYER quorum is not present and make the SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Senate shall point of order that a quorum is not The Reverend Dr. Ronald F. Chris- communicate this resolution to the House of present. Representatives, and shall transmit an en- tian, Office of the Bishop, Evangelical The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- rolled copy to the family of Representative Lutheran Church of America, Washing- ant to clause 5, rule I, further proceed- Frank Tejeda. ton, DC, offered the following prayer: ings on this question will be postponed. The message also announced that Almighty God, giver of life and pro- The point of no quorum is considered pursuant to Public Law 85–874, as vider for every living thing, we pray. withdrawn. amended, the Chair, on behalf of the Grant mercy to Your children wherever f President of the Senate, appointed the they may live. May food be always suf- Senator from Mississippi [Mr. LOTT] ficient, may love be always present, PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE and the Senator from Alaska [Mr. STE- may hope be never absent, and may The SPEAKER pro tempore. Will the VENS] to the Board of Trustees of the care be constantly available to every gentleman from Florida [Mr. HASTINGS] John F. Kennedy Center for the Per- one. come forward and lead the House in the forming Arts. Almighty God, giver of life and pro- Pledge of Allegiance. The message also announced that vider for every living thing, we pray Mr. HASTINGS of Florida led the pursuant to provisions of sections 42 grant comfort to people who grieve. Pledge of Allegiance as follows: and 43 of title 20, United States Code, May none of us want for family, may I pledge allegiance to the Flag of the Chair, on behalf of the Vice Presi- all of us be a friend, may each of us the United States of America, and to the Re- dent, appointed the following Senators have a home, and may every person be public for which it stands, one nation under as members of the Board of Regents of courageous in service. God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for the Smithsonian Institution: The Sen- Almighty God, giver of life and pro- all. ator from Mississippi [Mr. COCHRAN] vider for every living thing, we pray f and the Senator from Tennessee [Mr. look with favor on this people, our Na- MESSAGE FROM THE SENATE FRIST]. tion. May we be selfless first and self- The message also announced that ish last. May we offer credit early and A message from the Senate by Ms. pursuant to Public Law 100–458, the seek fame late. May we be just and do Charlene McDevitt, one of its clerks, Chair, on behalf of the majority leader, right, shunning unfair advantage al- announced that the Senate agreed to appoints William E. Cresswell, of Mis- ways. May we want peace now and con- the following resolution: sissippi, to a term on the Board of flict never. S. RES. 49 Trustees of the John C. Stennis Center Almighty God, hear our prayer, Whereas the Senate has learned with pro- for Public Service Training and Devel- amen. found sorrow and deep regret of the passing opment, effective October 11, 1996.

b This symbol represents the time of day during the House proceedings, e.g., b 1407 is 2:07 p.m. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor.

H289 H290 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 RESIGNATION AS MEMBER OF Florida for her remembering our col- the House for 1 minute and to revise COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT league, Frank Tejeda. and extend her remarks.) REFORM AND OVERSIGHT Mr. Speaker, as we all know, a high Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speaker, in the last session of Congress The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- quality learning environment is essen- tial to educating our Nation’s children. we passed important legislation giving fore the House the following resigna- Many may wonder why the President Americans access to portable insurance tion as a member of the Committee on last night spent so much time on the coverage regardless of their health sta- Government Reform and Oversight: issue usually discussed by State and tus, but we did not extend these same CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, local government. protections to our senior and disabled HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Well, I believe his concern is war- constituents who are on Medicare. Yet Washington, DC, February 5, 1997. ranted. Take Palm Beach and Broward no senior should be required to live in Hon. NEWT GINGRICH, Speaker of the House, Washington, DC. Counties, parts of which I represent, fear that unexpected medical bills will DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Pursuant to my ap- for example. These school systems edu- deprive them of financial independ- pointment to the Science, International Re- cate more students from prekinder- ence. lations and Resources Committees I wish to garten through grade 12 than they can That is why today I am introducing, tender my resignation for the Committee on handle. Our schools are pushed to the along with 30 of my colleagues and Government Reform and Oversight. limit, a limit that some consider to be with the gentleman from Michigan Sincerely, critically overcrowded. [Mr. DINGELL] of the Energy and Com- KEVIN BRADY, Mr. Speaker, the school doors are merce Committee, a portability bill for Member of Congress. bursting at the seams in south Florida the millions of senior citizens who sup- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without and around the Nation. Our schools plement their Medicare coverage with objection, the resignation is accepted. need our help. Thus, America’s leaders private insurance. There was no objection. need to be partners in education. This I am pleased to say that a bill is f partnership among Federal, State, and being introduced in the Senate, spon- local governments should be based on a sored by Senators ROCKEFELLER and TRIBUTE TO CONGRESSMAN balance between leadership and local CHAFEE, that is identical to this bill to FRANK TEJEDA flexibility. The goal is to direct re- speed the action of Congress to provide (Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN asked and was sources to the local level to help our these critical protections to our sen- given permission to address the House communities build much needed iors. for 1 minute and to revise and extend schools to alleviate overcrowding. An estimated 10 million senior citi- her remarks.) It is crucial, Mr. Speaker, that we zens, one-third of the total number of Ms. ROS-LEHTINEN. Mr. Speaker, I work together to find the necessary seniors on Medicare, rely on Medigap rise to pay tribute to an extraordinary funds for our schools. coverage to meet important health needs. Medigap insurance typically colleague whom we lost to cancer, Con- f paid for prescription drugs and skilled gressman Frank Tejeda. Congressman PREPARING AMERICA FOR THE nursing care. These are protections Tejeda’s life is an inspiration to all 21ST CENTURY that our seniors deserve, and I ask your Americans for his was a story of hard cosponsorship of my legislation. work, dedication and perseverance, and (Ms. DELAURO asked and was given f those qualities symbolize the American permission to address the House for 1 dream that all of our citizens can minute and to revise and extend her re- SEXUAL HARASSMENT AND THE reach. marks.) ARMY Ms.DELAURO. Mr. Speaker, last After dropping out from high school night President Clinton laid out an ac- (Ms. NORTON asked and was given at the age of 17, Congressman Tejeda tion plan to prepare America for the permission to address the House for 1 joined the Marines, where he bravely 21st century. We too need to dedicate minute and to revise and extend her re- served our Nation in Vietnam, earning ourselves to meeting the challenges marks.) a Purple Heart and a Bronze Star. that lie ahead, and among those chal- Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, after the After his incredible military career lenges none is more crucial than that Aberdeen revelations concerning sex- he returned to his academic studies, ual harassment, the Army brass came of providing all of our people with the where he demonstrated that dedication to the Women’s Caucus and unequivo- opportunity to get the best education and perseverance he showed on the bat- cally pledged that they would never go in the world. Our goal must be to en- tlefield, earning degrees from the Uni- back to discriminatory training of men sure that a quality education is avail- versity of California, from Yale and and women. Yesterday, however, in the able and affordable to every American. other body, the Army Chief of Staff, from Harvard. Making education available to all of Dennis Reimer, suggested that they In Congress he was a tireless warrior our kids means setting rigorous na- might be open to a reexamination of for the less fortunate of our Nation, as tional standards that stress the basics: well as for the constituents of his be- sex-integrated training. reading, writing, and arithmetic. Mak- Following recent revelations, one can loved city of San Antonio, and he was ing education affordable to all our peo- committed to maintaining excellence understand their frustration, but, Mr. ple means passing a new college tuition Speaker, it is totally unacceptable to in the military that he so honorably tax deduction and creating new schol- served. This great institution was hon- move back to the dark ages when there arships to help our families send their were two armies, one for men and one ored to have Congressman Tejeda kids to college. among its Members. for women. The Army itself has field We all know that an educated work tested single-sex training and found His life should be a source of inspira- force is the key to our economic fu- tion to all, but especially to the thou- that it improves the performance and ture. We have to invest in education, morale of women with no negative ef- sand of young Hispanics who look for not only because it is the right thing role models in their daily lives. Frank fect on unit cohesion. to do, but because it is the one thing Look, if I get mugged outside of the will be truly missed by all of us in this that we must do if we are to continue Capitol, do not tell me not to walk institution. to be a world economic power in the down that street anymore. Make it f next century. Public education has safe. To the Army brass I say: Don’t been the great equalizer in this coun- EDUCATION INFRASTRUCTURE throw in the towel. Above all, don’t try. Let us continue to make it so to INITIATIVE throw the towel at women. They can achieve economic opportunity. die together, they can train together. (Mr. HASTINGS of Florida asked and f f was given permission to address the House for 1 minute and to revise and PROVIDING PORTABILITY FOR ON THE STATE OF THE UNION extend his remarks.) MEDIGAP ENROLLEES (Mr. MCINNIS asked and was given Mr. HASTINGS of Florida. Mr. (Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut asked permission to address the House for 1 Speaker, I thank my colleague from and was given permission to address minute. ) February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H291

Mr. MCINNIS. Mr. Speaker, last occupant vehicles. We found that tran- of a strong and well-rounded education. night after hearing the State of the sit pass programs improved morale, It is now more important than ever Union I can tell you I am excited to see they decreased the demand for parking, that our students learn how to read, to that the President is willing and ready helped clean air and decrease conges- learn mathematics, know how to use a to step forward for a nonpartisan com- tion, while saving our employees computer, to realize that all of them mitment to education. Clearly in our money. can get a college education, to support country the No. 1 priority for the years Today I am introducing a resolution the junior colleges, and to create a so- ahead and for the generations that rest with broad bipartisan support that ciety that values lifelong education. ahead of us is education. I think that would give all House offices the option The learning process has always been the President was sincere in that. to participate in local transit pro- a top priority in my district. I am very I did sense some of what I would per- grams, and employees here and at pleased that education was the subject ceive as lack of sincerity in regards to home, in every district, the oppor- that got most attention in the Presi- campaign reform. I think if the Presi- tunity to contribute to the liveability dent’s State of the Union Address last dent is serious about campaign reform of their communities by using transit. night. the first thing he needs to do is take I am embarrassed to say that the Sen- f the Mr. Coffee machine out of the ate has operated such a program since EDUCATION: A FEDERAL PRIORITY White House and the cash register out 1992, but be that as it may, it is time of the White House and observe the for the House to get on board. (Ms. DEGETTE asked and was given rules that we have for campaign fund- No additional funds are needed in permission to address the House for 1 raising in this country. I think we have this resolution, since transit passes minute and to revise and extend her re- to be very careful before we step into would be funded from existing House marks.) that. budgets. When we are asking employers Ms. DEGETTE. Mr. Speaker, I rise But I do want to commend the Presi- across the country to step forward in today to urge my colleagues to give dent. I look forward to working with the fight for clean air, we in the House every child and adult in this country the White House and the administra- must be prepared to do our part and to the same opportunity that all of us tion in furthering the education needs help our employees. took for granted in our youth: A decent of this country. That really is where f education. How many times does Con- we need to focus our resources. PASSING OF PAMELA HARRIMAN gress need to hear the statistics illus- f trating that quality education is the (Mr. GILMAN asked and was given underpinning of opportunity before it permission to address the House for 1 STATE OF THE UNION makes education a Federal priority? minute and to revise and extend his re- When my grandfather was a boy, his (Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York asked marks.) eighth grade education prepared him to and was given permission to address Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, as chair- be vice president of the Rio Grande the House for 1 minute. man of the House Committee on Inter- Railroad. When my mother was a Mrs. MCCARTHY of New York. Mr. national Relations, it is my sad duty to young woman, her college degree pre- Speaker, it was an honor to sit in this inform the House of the passing of an pared her to teach. Today I know my Chamber last night and take part in outstanding and stellar member of our two young girls will not have a chance the State of the Union Address by the Nation’s diplomatic corps. President. I was extremely pleased that Pamela Harriman was well known on to compete or even to live comfortably President Clinton focused so much of the political scene in Washington for without significant higher education. his speech on education. years, before President Clinton ap- Yet everyday in our country, another As I watched the response of all my pointed her as our Ambassador to child is left behind, illiteracy rates colleagues, both Democrats and Repub- France, but her service in Paris made soar, and higher education grows fur- licans, to the President’s educational her a household word. All accounts ther out of the financial reach of thou- proposals, I realize that we have a lot agree that she was respected and loved sands. It would be laughable if it was of common ground to work in. Making by the people of France and that she not unforgivable that the U.S. Govern- education opportunities more available had done much to bring our two na- ment spends less than 1 percent of its to working families is a goal that is tions closer together. money on education. I urge the House both bipartisan and crucial to the fu- I had the pleasure of being with Mrs. to take this issue up immediately and ture success of our country. We must Harriman on several occasions and with vigor. improve our educational systems for found her to be an alert, well-informed f the children, college students, and spokesperson for America’s global in- CRUSADE FOR EDUCATION adults who need to go back to school to terests, and as you know, Harriman, learn new skills. NY, is part of my district, where the (Mr. MCGOVERN asked and was We are about to begin the 105th con- Harriman family has resided for many given permission to address the House gressional session and this session years. for 1 minute and to revise and extend must be about taking care of the needs As a widow of a former New York his remarks.) of working families, and the only way State Governor, Averill Harriman, we Mr. MCGOVERN. Mr. Speaker, last we can take care of working families is have a special place in our hearts for night our President proposed a new by working in a bipartisan manner. Pamela Harriman. Pamela Harriman crusade on education. I rise today in will be sorely missed. support of that crusade. Every Member b 1115 of this Congress has heard from their f The American people expect no less constituents about how hard it is today and certainly deserve no less. TOP PRIORITY FOR EDUCATION to pay for a college education, and f (Mr. CAPPS asked and was given per- about how necessary it is for our chil- mission to address the House for 1 dren to be introduced today to the HOUSE PARTICIPATION IN LOCAL minute and to revise and extend his re- technology they will need for the jobs TRANSIT PROGRAMS marks.) of tomorrow. (Mr. BLUMENAUER asked and was Mr. CAPPS. Mr. Speaker, as a fresh- Last night, President Clinton gave given permission to address the House man Member of Congress, I stand to hope to all families facing the daunting for 1 minute and to revise and extend commend and to thank the President challenge of paying for their child’s his remarks.) for the inspiring speech that he made college education. The President called Mr. BLUMENAUER. Mr. Speaker, last night. I was particularly impressed upon this House to make more funds during my service as a local official in by what he said about the vision and available so that all of our children Portland, OR, we worked hard with em- goals to educate our children, to pre- may enter the information age. This is ployers, including government employ- pare them for the 21st century. critical if we are to continue to be the ers, to provide transit passes for our As a university professor at the Uni- economic superpower in the 21st cen- employees as an alternative to single versity of California, I know the value tury. It is my hope that no Member of H292 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 this House would stand in the way of when they are not safe. To me, school the Purple Heart, the Bronze Star, the our children’s future. yards become the domain of gangs Commandant’s Trophy, the Marine Mr. Speaker, last night the President when the bell rings at the end of the Corps Association Award, and many appealed for a new era of nonpartisan day. We have seen the epidemic of vio- others for his valor and for his soldier- cooperation. I ask my colleagues on lent, juvenile crime spread from the ing skills. Just recently, Mr. Speaker, the other side of the aisle to join with poorest inner cities to middle class he was posthumously awarded the Sil- Democrats in improving the quality of suburbs and small towns. ver Star. education for every single child in Mr. Speaker, I hope this Congress Mr. Speaker, I have a very extensive America. will join the President in his promise statement on the many achievements f to crack down on gangs. Too many de- of this fine American and of this man fenseless families are counting on us. whom we all knew and loved very deep- FOCUS ON EDUCATION IN THE 21ST ly, and I would like to enter that more f CENTURY full statement into the RECORD in its (Mr. WYNN asked and was given per- FRANK M. TEJEDA POST OFFICE entirety. mission to address the House for 1 BUILDING Frank Tejeda loved the Marine Corps; even minute and to revise and extend his re- as a Member of Congress, Frank continued to Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I move to serve in the Marine Corps Reserve. When at- marks.) suspend the rules and pass the bill tending officer candidate school, Frank main- Mr. WYNN. Mr. Speaker, last night (H.R. 499) to designate the facility of tained a 99.6 academic average, the highest the President of the United States gave the U.S. Postal Service under construc- in the history of the Marine Corps. After leav- an excellent speech. He said the state tion at 7411 Barlite Boulevard in San ing the Corps, Frank earned his undergradu- of the Union is good, but it could be Antonio, TX, as the ‘‘Frank M. Tejeda better. We have to defend America, but ate degree in government from St. Mary's Uni- Post Office Building.’’ versity in San Antonio, a J.D. from the Univer- most importantly we have to build The Clerk read as follows: America. Our enemy, as he correctly sity of California, Berkeley in 1974, a master's pointed out, is inaction. H.R. 499 degree in public administration from Harvard He set forth a clear priority in terms Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- in 1980, and a master of law from Yale in of education, that our goal ought to be resentatives of the United States of America in 1989. Congress assembled, to assure that everyone in America has He served in the Texas House in Austin a good education. He talked a lot about SECTION 1. DESIGNATION. from 1977 until 1986 when he was elected to The facility of the United States Postal the Texas Senate where he remained until the new millennium. We are talking Service under construction at 7411 Barlite about an information age, a high-tech- 1992. He was the leader of the south side po- Boulevard in San Antonio, Texas, shall be litical coalition in San Antonio. Frank Tejeda nology age. In that age, we need to as- known and designated as the ‘‘Frank M. sure that American citizens have the Tejeda Post Office Building’’. left his imprint on workers' compensation re- best education. SEC. 2. REFERENCES. form, business initiatives for minorities and That means supporting the Presi- Any reference in a law, map, regulation, women, housing for veterans, protection of dent’s request for $5 billion in school document, paper, or other record of the Unit- crime victims, and he promoted measures to construction funds so that we can build ed States to the facility referred to in sec- ensure voting rights for minorities. He became new schools and maintain the ones we tion 1 shall be deemed to be a reference to known for his investigation into the malfea- have. It means supporting the Presi- the ‘‘Frank M. Tejeda Post Office Building’’. sance of two members of the Texas Supreme dent’s request for tax credits and tax The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Court, who were disciplined. The result of this exemptions so that people can afford to ant to the rule, the gentleman from investigation was the enmity of the State's trial send their children to college, to uni- New York [Mr. MCHUGH] and the gen- lawyers. Frank Tejeda was elected the first Rep- versities. We have the best in the tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. resentative to Congress from the 28th District world, we need to make sure our people FATTAH] each will control 20 minutes. of Texas in 1992. He was known as a quiet, can take advantage of it. The Chair recognizes the gentleman dedicated, and independent-minded Rep- Critics say, well, this is small gov- from New York [Mr. MCHUGH]. resentative, voting his conscience and the ernment and small ideas. I say that Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield concerns of his constituency. He was a there is no greater goal for the new myself such time as I may consume. staunch defender of veterans, active duty per- millennium than to say every Amer- (Mr. MCHUGH asked and was given sonnel and military installations and he served ican can have a good education. permission to revise and extend his re- marks.) on the Committees on Veterans Affairs and f National Security. Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, the legis- Coincidently, Mr. Speaker, toward the end TIME TO CRACK DOWN ON GANGS lation before us was introduced by the of the 104th Congress, on October 9, 1996, (Mr. LAMPSON asked and was given gentleman from Texas [Mr. BONILLA] the President signed Public Law 104±255, the permission to address the House for 1 and supported by the Texas House Del- designation of the Amos F. Longoria Post Of- minute and to revise and extend his re- egation. fice Building in Elmendorf, TX, introduced by H.R. 499 designates the facility of the marks.) Frank Tejeda, honoring Elmendorf's native son U.S. Postal Service being constructed Mr. LAMPSON. Mr. Speaker, I stand who lost his life in service to his country dur- at 7411 Barlite Blvd., San Antonio, TX before the House for the first time ing World War II. It is fitting that this House today, and I must admit I feel much as the Frank M. Tejeda Post Office now remembers one of its own by designating like I did the first time that I stood be- Building. a new post office building in San Antonio as fore a classroom full of students at Mr. Speaker, this legislation honors the Frank M. Tejeda Post Office Building. Forest Park High School in Beaumont, our colleague Frank Tejeda, who died Mr. Speaker, I urge all our colleagues to TX: A little nervous and awed by the at the age of 51 at his home in San An- support the measure before us. responsibility. tonio, TX on January 31 after succumb- Mr. Speaker, at this time I would I recently received a letter from a ing to a 17-month battle with a malig- like to yield to other Members who grandmother in Port Arthur, TX. Her nant brain tumor. have gathered here in the House to pay 18-year-old grandson is making good Frank was born on October 2, 1945 in honor to this great American, and I re- grades and wants to graduate from San Antonio, TX and grew up in that serve the balance of my time. high school, but he is being harassed by city’s south side. He did not finish high Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield a gang. In fact, this young man has school, having been told not to return myself such time as I may consume. been shot at recently. His grandmother after an incident with a school coun- Mr. Speaker, I rise also in support of tells me that the gang members con- selor. Frank then joined the U.S. Ma- House Resolution 499. This is a moment tinue to follow him and continue to rine Corps in 1963 during the Vietnam in which the House has an opportunity threaten his life. conflict, and 2 weeks before his sched- to show its respect for a fallen comrad. Last night the President was abso- uled return home from Vietnam in 1966, This is a gentleman whose work here in lutely correct when he recognized that he was ambushed and struck in his leg the Congress and his life sets an exam- we cannot expect our kids to learn by shrapnel. Frank Tejeda was awarded ple for us all. And it has been offered February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H293 by two of his colleagues from Texas, remembered for. He was a dedicated nio as the Frank M. Tejeda Post Office Build- both Congressman ORTIZ and Congress- public servant whose memory will con- ing after our friend and colleague. man BONILLA, and we want to on this tinue to serve as an ideal example for Many friends across the Nation as well as in side suggest that this is a truly biparti- many. Texas and the close-knit south Texas commu- san effort to recognize the accomplish- It is difficult to accept that someone nity have grieved mightily for our friend Frank ments of a great American. with such character, intelligence, since his death last Thursday night. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of vigor, and promise has been taken from For this reason we want to commemorate my time. us. As I mentioned earlier, we were him in a very public way, and the best way to Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I thank often together on the airplane flying do so is to name a post office in his honor. the gentleman from Pennsylvania for back and forth between San Antonio, In the resolution before the House yesterday his very appropriate remarks. spending hours on the airplane talking that commemorated Frank, Member after Mr. Speaker, I yield 51⁄2 minutes to about all of the things we wanted to do Member rose to praise him for his outstanding the gentleman from Texas [Mr. and all the things we wanted to accom- service from the jungles of Vietnam to the cor- BONILLA], the primary sponsor of the plish while we were in the U.S. Con- ridors of power in Austin and Washington. bill. gress. It is now hard to believe that As these Members spoke, there was a re- (Mr. BONILLA asked and was given Frank will not be here with us to see curring sentiment voiced. permission to revise and extend his re- some of his ideas carried through. Frank Tejeda was an uncomplicated manÐ marks.) I will always be grateful for my time he meant what he said and he said what he Mr. BONILLA. Mr. Speaker, I thank in Congress. It gave me the oppor- meant. He was a true leader who believed in the gentleman from New York for tunity to become friends with Frank. the value and decency of the working class. yielding me the time. We will miss Frank, but we know that I believe that remembering Frank by naming Mr. Speaker, I rise in strong support he is always with us, and his legacy a post office in his honor would be an out- of H.R. 499 to designate this new postal will live on forever. standing tribute to a man who gave his life for facility under construction in the 28th Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, will the his country, many times over. congressional district as the Frank M. gentleman yield? Mr. BONILLA. Mr. Speaker, I thank Tejeda Post Office Building. I am hon- Mr. BONILLA. I yield to my friend, my friend, the gentleman from Texas ored to sponsor this legislation, along the gentleman from Texas, SOLOMON [Mr. ORTIZ]. I think Frank would ap- with my dear friend and Frank’s long ORTIZ, a cosponsor of this legislation. preciate right now that we are smiling time dear friend, the gentleman from Just to reflect on some of the great because of the memories we had with Texas, Congressman SOLOMON ORTIZ. moments he and I spent with Frank on him on this House floor. He was very Although it is a small gesture to rec- this House floor and oftentimes walk- serious and diligent in his work, but he ognize Frank’s lifetime of commitment ing between here and our office build- was also a very funny guy. to our country and to his constituents, ings across the street, it is hard to be- I recall so many times here where this post office will serve as a reminder lieve he is not with us. perhaps a debate was being held on an of his legacy for generations to come. (Mr. ORTIZ asked and was given per- issue that did not affect our area, per- This post office will combine the mission to revise and extend his re- haps a Federal facility was being de- present Terrell Wells, Harlandale and marks.) bated in Montana or another area of south San Antonio stations. The new Mr. ORTIZ. That is right, Mr. Speak- the country, and the gentleman and I facility will service the largest square er. Frank was a good leader. As we well and Frank would sometimes sit by that mile area, the largest geographic area know, he was very reserved. The gen- door on the side of the House Chamber in San Antonio. tleman and I and Frank and some of and just spend some amusing moments our friends would sit behind there and that we will all remember him for. I b 1130 joke and kid about south Texas, and know he will appreciate that we are re- The Frank Tejeda Post Office will de- talk about our friends. He was a great flecting on that as well today. liver mail to more than 40,000 city cus- father, a very dedicated American, a Mr. ORTIZ. I know Frank is listening tomers. It will house 118 postal employ- gentleman who gave freely of his life, to us. As many are well aware, he was ees. Coincidentally, it is going to be whether in public service or in the a strict dietitian. Frank had a very built on Barlite Street, which is a military, like he did. special diet. Not only did he take care street that I grew up about half a mile I am so happy that we are naming a of his soul, he took care of his body. away from, and used to ride my bicycle post office after Frank. This is a way Sometimes I was a little embarrassed up and down that street all the time. I that we can pay tribute to a great to eat with Frank, because he would bring that up because Frank and I are American who has contributed so much ask for stuff that the kitchen could from the same part of town. He went to to our society, to our country. prepare: No butter, no cokes, no Harlandale High School, and I went to I understand, at the same time, that sweets, no nothing. I looked at Frank, South San Antonio High School, which they are sponsoring or raising funds for and I would say, how do you still stay Barlite runs right alongside. We often a contribution for Frank Tejeda’s healthy? This is the way I stay talked about coming from that part of scholarship fund. Those Members who healthy, and I eat all the greasy stuff town and wondered how we had become might be listening to us who would like for Frank. so blessed as to serve in this great body to contribute, to also honor Frank in But again, I thank the leadership for at the same time. He and I were elected another way, feel free to call my office giving us this time to praise Frank. at the same time. or call the gentleman’s office. The gentleman from Texas [Mr. This post office will be only the sec- In a resolution before the House yes- BONILLA], he and his family were very ond one in the city to be named in terday that commemorated Frank, close to him. In fact, his mother is here honor of an individual, the first one Member after Member from both sides visiting with us today, and visiting being the J. Frank Dobie station in praised Frank for the way he acted and Frank’s office. honor of a pioneer Texan and historian the way he led our country. Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I reserve born in the 1800’s. This bill will provide Mr. Speaker, I would like to con- the balance of my time. a permanent landmark in memory of a gratulate my good friend, the gen- Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield great patriot and a great friend. Frank tleman from Texas [Mr. BONILLA]. I myself such time as I may consume. represented all that is good about would also like to thank the leadership Mr. Speaker, Frank’s legacy is one America. He always led by example, on both sides for giving us time to for which we should all be thankful. and he had the utmost character and bring this bill to the floor. I know the This is a person at a young age, not dignity, and inspired all who met him. gentleman was close to Frank. We have completing high school, who served his Frank was an outstanding represent- lost a great friend, a great American, country with great courage, went on ative for his district, and he made us but I know, my friend, that you are in then to get an undergraduate degree, a all very proud. I cannot think of a bet- a better place. law degree from Berkeley. Then one of ter way to lead than by example. That Mr. Speaker, I rise in support of the bill re- the things that I shared with Frank is exactly what Frank did and will be naming the Terrell Wells Station in San Anto- was the experience of studying at the H294 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 Kennedy School of Government at Har- about our fellow men and our fellow Let me also begin my remarks by vard. So his legacy of educational ex- legislators. thanking the leadership on both sides cellence is a role model for all of the The gentleman from Texas, Mr. of the aisle so very much for making young people of San Antonio and Tejeda, did great things for this coun- this possible and, with such grace, add- throughout the Nation. try in Vietnam. He served this country ing to the words others have said about Mr. Speaker, I yield 1 minute to my well. He accomplished great things. A Frank Tejeda. I do not know if angels colleague, the gentleman from Texas high school dropout that went to Viet- blush, but I know right now there is [Mr. GREEN]. nam after getting his education, part one angel blushing, and that is Frank Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank of it, he got the Purple Heart and the Tejeda, because he is the most modest my colleague for allowing me to speak Bronze Star serving his country. I do of individuals. He would look at us today, and yielding me this time. It is not think this has been mentioned yet, right now and say, you need not do an honor to be here and to honor the but at Officer Candidate School he had this, I do what I need to do. memory of one of America’s finest the highest academic average that any So in naming a post office after men, Frank Tejeda, by naming a post marine has ever had in the history of Frank, I think we pay him tribute but office in his memory. the Marine Corps. That is extraor- it is a tribute that he himself would Frank was a man who displayed cour- dinary. It shows that people who are probably say, I just did my job. And age and honor and unwavering commit- ruled out early on in their life can unfortunately in this case, we are ment to his constituents and to Texas achieve great things. He is an example doing it because he has left us, and I and to our Nation. Frank and I served for every young person in this country wish we did not have to name a post of- together since 1977 in the Texas Legis- who has had academic problems to fol- fice after Frank. lature. We served in the State house, low. If we take a look at the bill for and sat near each other on the house So even in his death we can remem- today, there are two paragraphs, and in floor, in the State senate, until 1992, ber him, and people across this country typical Frank Tejeda style, that is the when we both decided we wanted to should remember him, for achieve- way he would like it. More than two come to Congress. ments that extend beyond the time paragraphs probably would be too long We honor our colleague because he is when he was looked upon as a failure in for Frank, because he would say, keep one of the strongest individuals I ever life. it simple, keep it brief. I think we knew, both personally and, obviously, He became a very fine member of the could all learn a great deal from a man physically. One of the best times I service. He became a very fine member for whom simplicity was such a tribute guess I remember of Frank is when he of the Congress. He never forgot his fel- and such a way of life. Too often we was promoted to major in the Marine low servicemen, his fellow enlisted men bog down in the politics of things here. Reserves. A couple of colleagues and I that served in the conflict in Vietnam Too often we lose sight of what we are went with him to the Marine Memorial and in the other wars. He served his really trying to do here. at Arlington National Cemetery, for he constituency well, and he is one that As much as Frank never spoke up a and another colleague of ours, the gen- we will remember with honor and dig- lot, I think he always kept sight of tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. nity. what he was in charge to do as a Mem- I would just like to say to his family ber of Congress. For me to be able to MCHALE], was promoted to colonel. how sorry we are that he is lost to us It was a great experience for Frank, stand here and say to the blushing and my colleagues, and to tell them because he was most proud of being a angel up in the sky today, ‘‘You de- that both Republicans and Democrats marine. To see that happen at the Ma- serve this, Frank,’’ is an honor. I thank will miss him. rine Memorial at Arlington National both my colleagues on both sides of the Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield aisle, and the leadership, especially, for Cemetery, we can stand up here and myself such time as I may consume. talk all day about memories of Mr. making this time available to Frank Mr. Speaker, I thank the chairman Tejeda. Tejeda, but a post office being named for his very thoughtful and kind re- Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield 3 for him in San Antonio, TX. As chair- marks. I think it is important to note minutes to the gentleman from Texas man of the committee, you will re- that, as we all know, the progress of [Mr. SESSIONS]. member last year we renamed a post legislation can often be a tortuous one, Mr. SESSIONS. Mr. Speaker, I also office in his district, in honor of a vet- but I think this body owes a particular rise today to offer words of not only eran, for Mr. Tejeda in one of our bills. word of thanks to the chairman and to encouragement for what is going on I think this is fitting. his staff for assisting in helping to ex- with this H.R. 499, but also to offer my Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I am now pedite this bill being before us here insight. As a person who attended the honored to yield 3 minutes to the gen- today. It was a kind of gesture that funeral of Congressman Frank Tejeda, tleman from Indiana [Mr. BURTON], the really does endorse the very kind words I was able to see firsthand those people chairman of the full committee, for that the gentleman just spoke about who live within the 28th Congressional some comments on this bill. the man we have gathered to honor District of Texas in San Antonio. They Mr. BURTON of Indiana. Mr. Speak- this afternoon. knew Frank Tejeda as a man who was er, I thank the gentleman from New Mr. Speaker, I reserve the balance of not only honest and hardworking, but a York for yielding me this time. my time. man who represented the people. I also want to thank my colleagues Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield I stand today in support of H.R. 499 from Texas, HENRY BONILLA and SOLO- myself such time as I may consume. because Frank Tejeda deserves this MON ORTIZ, for sponsoring this legisla- Mr. Speaker, on behalf of the minor- tribute that we will be giving to him. tion. Mr. Speaker, this is a sad thing to ity I also thank the chairman for the Like those men who have fallen before do right off the bat, in a new session of expedited procedures with which this him who died as Texans, Sam Houston, the Congress, to have to eulogize and bill comes to us for consideration. Davy Crockett, and Colonel James B. remember a fellow like Frank Tejeda. I also appreciate Frank’s tremendous Travis, Frank Tejeda also is a man who He did a great service to this country. contribution with regards to expanding represented Texas with arms. He was an outstanding Congressman. the GI bill so veterans could partici- b One of the things that strikes me, pate in earning teaching certificates 1145 Mr. Speaker, is that at times like this, through the alternative State certifi- He represented our country, he was a even though this Congress is vilified cation process. proud marine and a man who knew from time to time, people can see that Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to my that this country by its standards can there is a closeness between both colleague, the gentleman from the stand strong. This U.S. Postal Service Democrats and Republicans. We have great State of California [Mr. center that will be named after Frank our differences on philosophical issues BECERRA]. Tejeda is important because it will be a and so forth, but we all respect and Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, I thank memory to those who were in his com- honor one another, and at times like my friend and colleague, the gen- munity who recognized that positive this, it shows the American people that tleman from Pennsylvania, for yielding leadership, good citizenship and hon- we are one body and we are concerned me time. esty is a way of life that they can look February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H295 at and want to model themselves after. guished degrees that he had earned at gressman Frank Tejeda of Texas, who I stand today in support of this bill and some of the Nation’s top colleges but passed away Thursday after a long bat- thank the gentleman for yielding the who went right back to the south side tle with cancer. He was a man whose time to me. and worked on behalf of his commu- life was entirely dedicated to serving Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I reserve nity. his community and certainly to our the balance of my time. We saw lining the streets, a large Nation. Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 church unable, filled to capacity, un- Mr. Speaker, I met Congressman minutes and 15 seconds to the gen- able to accommodate all of the many Tejeda when he first came to the Con- tleman from Texas [Mr. DOGGETT], a hundreds of people who wanted to be gress after being elected in 1992. He was colleague who started his service in the there to honor Congressman Tejeda. someone for whom I had tremendous Congress in the same class that I did, I would say that the Members of Con- respect and affection. He always ex- who has distinguished himself as a su- gress and the people of America who tended the hand of friendship to me, preme court judge in Texas and now is had the good fortune to deal with Con- and I always appreciated the fact that a member of the House Committee on gressman Tejeda will remain inspired he made me feel welcome every time I the Judiciary. by the courage and the dignity that he saw him on the House floor. Mr. DOGGETT. Mr. Speaker, I am demonstrated to the very end, that he Congressman Tejeda had a distin- pleased to join my colleagues from inspires all of us. guished career in public service when Texas and from across America in hon- Mr. Speaker, I thank the gentleman he arrived in Washington. After having oring Frank Tejeda. I served with for yielding me the time. served for a decade in the Texas House Frank in the Texas Legislature and Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield and for 6 years in the Texas Senate, he here in Congress, and I knew him to be 11⁄2 minutes to the gentlewoman from was an accomplished academician, a very tough advocate for the people of California [Ms. HARMAN]. with graduate degrees from my own south Texas. He was a tireless worker Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Speaker, naming alma mater, the Boalt Hall School of for positive change both in the Texas a post office after our friend and col- Law at the University of California in Legislature and here on the floor of league Frank Tejeda is a wonderful Berkeley, the Yale Law School, and Congress. thing. I support it. Harvard University’s Kennedy School Frank was a person that inspired oth- I would like to suggest in addition, of Government. ers by his example. I think that surely however, that we consider dedicating Mr. Speaker, Congressman Tejeda his name is synonymous with courage this Congress to the principles he em- was a warrior, as far as I am concerned, and with commitment to his commu- bodied. And they are, as we have all of the first order. He was as great a nity. I believe, as I reflected over his heard, humility, kindness, intellect battler for the rights of individuals as legislative career, which was extensive, and compassion. These are critical he was a courageous marine on the that the last piece of legislation that things for all of us to consider, if we field of battle, and he never gave up. Frank worked with us on in the Texas are to do something productive in the When he believed in something, he delegation was quite ironically the next 2 years. fought for it. I know that everyone in naming of a post office in Elmendorf in When I heard that my classmate, my this body who had ever had the privi- his district. He named it on behalf of a neighbor in the Cannon Building and lege of working with this gentleman veteran. my colleague on the Committee on Na- had tremendous respect for this gen- Frank believed in service to our tional Security had died, my first ques- tleman. He was the kind of person that country. He demonstrated that as a tion was, why. Why are the nicest you looked forward to working with be- true American hero, fighting on the among us taken first? I asked the same cause you knew that, once he was com- battlefield, sustaining wounds on be- question in the last Congress when Bill mitted to a course of action, he would half of this country and the freedom of Emerson, another one of the nicest not rest until he succeeded. Congress- this country in his service in Southeast people here died. man Tejeda made a career of battling Asia. And all of us who participated in It is a shame to lose somebody who injustice, and he never faltered. the service Monday at San Leo’s makes you understand why you are He was generous to everyone, gener- Catholic Church on the south side of here, who makes you want to hug the ous with his time and generous with San Antonio saw firsthand that Frank person next to you, who makes you his talents. There are countless stories practiced what he preached when we warm about the endeavor we are en- of how he took money from his own had a chance to meet and visit with the gaged in. It is an enormous shame and pocket to provide uniforms for the members of his family, to see what loss. I say to the Tejeda family, you local baseball teams, how he co-signed strong family bonds and commitment produced the best. And I say to Texas, notes to pay power bills and the lights his family had. I think it was an inspir- you are a State that produces some of could remain on the field, and how he ing moment for all of us who had an the biggest heroes in our Nation’s his- took out loans to meet medical ex- opportunity to participate in that serv- tory. I know that Frank’s star will be penses for his friends, how he bought ice honoring Frank. among those. Va´ ya con Dios, amigo. the furniture for the day care center at The people that will be working in Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I reserve the local church. The list of his good this postal facility there in the south the balance of my time. deeds goes on and on, Mr. Speaker. side, the postal workers, the letter car- Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield I realize my time is short. I certainly riers, know that Frank was here in re- 21⁄2 minutes to the gentleman from want to extend on behalf of our Sa- spect to their service to their commu- American Samoa, [Mr. moan community our condolences to nity. Each day as they go to work FALEOMAVAEGA], another colleague Mrs. Tejeda and the members of his there, they will remember Frank who has joined us and has asked for a family. Tejeda as a person who stood up for few minutes to also make some com- I thank the gentleman for yielding Government workers, whether they ments on behalf of our colleague. me the time. were at Kelly Air Force Base or wheth- (Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA asked and I rise to honor the memory of a good friend er they were working in neighborhood was given permission to revise and ex- and a very distinguished colleague, the late postal facilities. tend his remarks.) Congressman Frank Tejeda of Texas, who More importantly, the people who go Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, passed away Thursday after a long battle with there for service will remember Frank I think it is most appropriate that this cancer. He was a man whose life was entirely Tejeda as a true servant of his south body does all it can to make sure that dedicated to serving his country and his com- side community, someone who grew up the post office that is now for purposes munity. knowing all of the disadvantage of a of discussion being named in the mem- Mr. Speaker, I met Congressman Tejeda community but who enjoyed the advan- ory and honor of this great colleague of when he first came to the Congress after tage of strong family ties and made it ours, Congressman Frank Tejeda. being elected in 1992. He was someone for through the marines and then came Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor the whom I had tremendous respect and affection. back having had the alternative of memory of a good friend, the very dis- He always extended the hand of friendship to many other careers with the distin- tinguished colleague, the late Con- me, and I always appreciated the fact that he H296 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 made me feel welcome every time that I saw about America. He always led by example, from Texas [Mr. GREEN] and the gen- him on the House floor. and his character and dignity inspired all who tleman from Texas [Mr. DOGGETT], that Congressman Tejeda already had a distin- met him.'' He was a genuine American hero. indeed our departed colleague took as guished career in public service when he ar- Representative HENRY GONZALES, congres- one of his final actions on this floor to rived in Washington, having served for a dec- sional Hispanic caucus chairman XAVIER see that a postal installation in Texas ade in the Texas House and for 6 years in the BECERRA, Representative SOLOMON ORTIZ, in Elmendorf was named after Amos F. Texas Senate. He was an accomplished acad- Representative HENRY BONILLA, former Hous- Longoria, who was, like Frank, a war emician, with graduate degrees from my own ing and Urban Development Secretary Henry veteran and a native son of Texas, a alma mater, the Boalt Hall School of Law at Cisneros and many other distinguished lead- gentleman who lost his life in service the University of California in Berkeley, Yale ers have all spoken of their great lossÐboth to his country. I think perhaps we Law School and Harvard University's Kennedy personal and communalÐbecause of this un- should take the lead from Frank’s ef- School of Government. timely death. The Hispanic community has lost forts in that regard and very appro- Congressman Tejeda was a decorated vet- a great man, a great leader and a great war- priately go forward in adopting this eran who joined the Marines and served in rior. As former HUD Secretary Henry Cisneros worthy piece of legislation. Vietnam from 1963 to 1967. He was awarded said, ``You don't find many public officials who Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he the Purple Heart, the Bronze Star, the Marine stand for anything. Frank Tejeda took stands.'' may consume to the gentleman from Commandant's Trophy, the Marine Corps As- Whether we remember the war hero, the Texas [Mr. ARMEY], a leader in this sociation Award and the Colonel Phil Yeckel anti-poverty activist, the brilliant attorney, the House, the majority leader. Award for the best combined record in leader- crusading State legislator, the dedicated U.S. Mr. ARMEY. Mr. Speaker, I want to ship, academics and physical fitness during Congressman, the role model for our youth, thank the gentlemen for taking this the time when he was at officers candidate the compassionate and generous member of time to honor our friend and colleague, school, where he maintained an academic av- the community, the fighter for justice and Frank Tejeda. erage of 99.6Ðthe highest ever recorded in equality, the good friend whose personal As I watched this very sad event of Marine Corps history. He was posthumously warmth was always evident, or any of the the passing of our colleague Frank, I awarded the Silver Star by the U.S. Navy for other remarkable aspects of this man, we all began to realize that a real problem we risking his life under enemy fire to save a mourn his loss. have among ourselves as colleagues, I wounded fellow marine. Congressman Tejeda And so, Mr. Speaker, we mourn the loss to believe, is our failure to ever really was a warrior of the highest order and a hero Texas, the loss to the Hispanic community, stop and take the time out of our to our country. the loss, finally, to all of America. We will all schedules to get to know each other. I In the Congress, Congressman Tejeda was miss the presence and the leadership of Con- must confess that that was a problem I a warrior as well. He was as great a battler for gressman Frank Tejeda. Mr. FATTAH. Mr. Speaker, I yield had. Frank was with us as a Member the rights of individuals as he was a coura- myself such time as I may consume. and a colleague for a short period of geous marine on the field of war, and he I want to just finally state that, not- time. I know I must have had opportu- never gave up. When he believed in some- withstanding his great service to our nities to sit down and visit with him thing, he fought for it. I know that everyone in country, both in the armed services and to know more about him and his this body who ever had the privilege of work- and here in the Congress and the Texas family. I think it is sad that all too ing with him had tremendous respect for the Legislature, I think that our colleague often what we do is, when we find that gentleman. He was the kind of person that would want us to know that in all like- we lose a colleague, we then learn from you looked forward to working with because lihood as it is for all of the rest of us their friends and their family and asso- you know that once he was committed to a that his greatest personal achievement ciates that did get to know them better course of action, he would not rest until he is his family and his children. I think what a special person this is. succeeded. Congressman Tejeda made a ca- that they have a legacy that he has left I would like to wonder if perhaps we reer of battling injustice, and he never faltered. them that they can be proud of through might take this time as we take the Because of his tenacity, because of his his personal courage and commitment day today to honor his memory to give leadership, because of his generosity and be- and dedication. He has been a shining respect and condolences to his family, cause he never forgot where he came from, example of what is possible from that to build within ourselves a new resolve Congressman Tejeda was loved and re- beautiful city in Texas, San Antonio. as colleagues to begin to take the time spected by the people he served. One of his Mr. Speaker, I yield back the balance to see each other more than just an- constituents said to him, ``even though he of my time. other member on the committee, per- spent many years in Washington, his heart Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield haps somebody on the other side of the was always in San Antonio * * * He was a myself such time as I may consume. aisle who we start off with the pre- community man.'' I certainly want to start by thanking sumption that they must be the enemy Congressman Tejeda never lost touch with the gentleman from Pennsylvania for or they would not be on that side of the the family, friends and constituents who his leadership on his side of the aisle in aisle, and on an airplane ride or in a worked on behalf of his political success, and helping us to move this very important lunch counter or at some time more he continued to make a home in the neighbor- piece of legislation through the proc- frequently with a greater degree of real hood where he grew up. He was generous ess. Obviously, Mr. Speaker, the words and genuine interest, take the time with everyoneÐgenerous with his time and spoken in the last minutes on this floor among ourselves to get to know each generous with his talents. There are countless say very eloquently the high regard other and to appreciate not only those stories of how he took money from his own and the deep love that this body holds characteristics and attributes that we pocket to provide uniforms for the local base- toward our departed colleague. will later stand on the floor and cele- ball teams, how he cosigned notes to pay Frank Tejeda was elected to this brate but to even appreciate the dif- power bills so that the lights could remain on body as the first Representative from ferences that we have among ourselves at the field, how he took out loans to meet the 28th Congressional District in that can be seen as complements rath- medical expenses for friends, how he bought Texas in 1992. He was known simply as er than competitors. the furniture for the day care center at the a quiet, dedicated, and independent- b local church. The list of his good deeds goes minded Representative who always 1200 on and on. voted his conscience first in the inter- In any event, let me express my dis- His generosity of spirit was well known. He est and concerns of his constituency. appointment in myself that I lost this was a mentor to many young people. As he We have been told here today time and opportunity when it was there before gained political stature, he made sure he again he was a staunch defender of vet- me. helped younger aspiring leadersÐhe opened erans, active duty and military person- I appreciate again the time my col- up windows of opportunity. As Undersecretary nel and installations and expressed leagues have taken and the time they of the Army Joe Reeder said of him, ``He was that concern through his service on the have given to share with me for us to a great role model, a great advocate for His- Committee on National Security and say our appreciation for Frank Tejeda, panics and a great advocate for veterans.'' the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. his life, and his service. Congressman HENRY BONILLA concurred, add- It has been mentioned twice here, I Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I yield ing, ``Frank Tejeda represented all that is good believe, Mr. Speaker, by the gentleman myself such time as I may consume to February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H297 say that I thank the majority leader The SPEAKER pro tempore. Evi- Myrick Rogers Stark Nadler Rohrabacher Stearns for his thoughtful and, I think, appro- dently a quorum is not present. Neal Ros-Lehtinen Stenholm priate remarks. The Sergeant at Arms will notify ab- Nethercutt Rothman Stokes As I understand, procedurally the sent Members. Neumann Roukema Strickland gentleman from Pennsylvania had Ney Roybal-Allard Stump The vote was taken by electronic de- Northup Royce Stupak yielded back his time, but I note yet vice, and there were—yeas 400, nays 0, Nussle Rush Sununu another Representative from Texas, not voting 33, as follows: Oberstar Ryun Talent the gentlewoman from Texas [Ms. Olver Sabo Tanner [Roll No. 9] JACKSON-LEE] has entered. Ortiz Salmon Tauscher Mr. Speaker, I yield 2 minutes to the YEAS—400 Owens Sanchez Tauzin Oxley Sanders Taylor (MS) gentlewoman from Texas [Ms. JACK- Abercrombie Dickey Jackson-Lee Packard Sandlin Taylor (NC) SON-LEE] if she would like to make Ackerman Dicks (TX) Pallone Sanford Thomas Aderholt Dingell Jefferson Pappas Sawyer Thompson some comments. Allen Dixon Jenkins Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. Parker Saxton Thornberry Andrews Doggett John Pascrell Scarborough Thune Speaker, I certainly do thank the gen- Archer Dooley Johnson (CT) Pastor Schaefer, Dan Thurman tlemen on the floor for their leadership Armey Doolittle Johnson (WI) Paul Schaffer, Bob Tiahrt Bachus Dreier Johnson, E. B. Paxon Schiff Tierney and for their kindness. Baesler Johnson, Sam Let me simply add, I see my friend Duncan Payne Schumer Torres Baker Dunn Jones Pease Scott Upton and colleague, among others, the gen- Baldacci Edwards Kanjorski Pelosi Sensenbrenner Velazquez tleman from Texas, SOLOMON ORTIZ, Ballenger Ehlers Kaptur Peterson (MN) Serrano Vento who eloquently yesterday examined Barcia Ehrlich Kasich Peterson (PA) Sessions Visclosky Barr Emerson Kelly Petri Shadegg Walsh the life of Frank Tejeda. He examined Bartlett Engel Kennedy (MA) Pickering Shaw Wamp it from the perspective of true friend- Barton English Kennedy (RI) Pickett Shays Waters ship. As I watched both of them, I saw Bass Ensign Kennelly Pitts Sherman Watt (NC) Bateman Kildee them as brothers. Eshoo Pomeroy Shimkus Watts (OK) Becerra Etheridge Kilpatrick Porter Shuster Waxman And I appreciate the remarks of the Bentsen Evans Kim Portman Sisisky Weldon (FL) majority leader, saying to all of us Bereuter Everett Kind (WI) Poshard Skaggs Weldon (PA) that we should get to know each other Berman Ewing King (NY) Price (NC) Skeen Weller as individuals, as people, as brothers Berry Farr Kingston Pryce (OH) Slaughter Wexler Bilbray Fattah Kleczka Quinn Smith (MI) Weygand and sisters. Clearly, the home-going Bilirakis Fawell Klink Radanovich Smith (NJ) White service of Congressman Frank Tejeda Bishop Fazio Klug Rahall Smith (OR) Whitfield on Monday, which many of us had the Blagojevich Filner Knollenberg Ramstad Smith (TX) Wicker Bliley Kolbe pleasure, the enrichment of participat- Flake Rangel Smith, Linda Wise Blumenauer Foley Kucinich Regula Snowbarger Wolf ing in indicated that he was a man of Boehlert Forbes LaFalce Reyes Snyder Woolsey Boehner the people. Ford LaHood Richardson Solomon Wynn Bonilla Lampson Yesterday, in my tribute, I did not Fowler Riggs Souder Yates Bonior Lantos Fox Riley Spence Young (AK) get a chance to describe for my col- Bono Latham Frank (MA) Rivers Spratt leagues the many friends that lined the Borski LaTourette Franks (NJ) Rogan Stabenow Boswell Leach highways waiving farewell to their Frelinghuysen Boucher Levin NOT VOTING—33 Frost dear brother. He was a patriot but cer- Boyd Lewis (CA) Gallegly Barrett (NE) Doyle Norwood tainly he was a father. He belonged to Brady Lewis (GA) Ganske Barrett (WI) Foglietta Obey Brown (CA) Lewis (KY) people. Gekas Blunt Furse Pombo Brown (FL) Lipinski This tribute of a post office, which Gephardt Brown (OH) Gejdenson Roemer Bryant Livingston Carson Hill Skelton grounds itself in the very needs of citi- Bunning Gibbons LoBiondo zens—there used to be the old general Gilchrest Chenoweth Hostettler Smith, Adam Burr Lofgren Clay Hoyer Towns store. I think the post office has come Burton Gillmor Lowey Gilman Clement Largent Traficant to be accepted as a place where the Buyer Lucas Cooksey Lazio Turner Callahan Gonzalez Luther community meets and the community Goode Crapo Linder Watkins Calvert Maloney (CT) Cummings McDade Young (FL) engages itself. So I think it is more Camp Goodlatte Maloney (NY) Campbell Goodling Manton than appropriate for a man who en- Gordon b 1229 gaged himself with the community, Canady Manzullo Cannon Goss Markey Mr. HILLIARD changed his vote from with the people, never straying away Graham Capps Martinez ‘‘nay’’ to ‘‘yea.’’ from their beliefs, never straying away Cardin Granger Mascara Green So (two-thirds having voted in favor from feeling committed to representing Castle Matsui Chabot Greenwood McCarthy (MO) thereof) the rules were suspended and them. Chambliss Gutierrez McCarthy (NY) the bill was passed. Frank Tejeda was never a king Christensen Gutknecht McCollum among men. He is that. He has royalty Clayton Hall (OH) McCrery The result of the vote was announced but he was someone, Mr. Speaker, who Clyburn Hall (TX) McDermott as above recorded. Coble Hamilton McGovern knew how to walk with all of the peo- A motion to reconsider was laid on Coburn Hansen McHale the table. ple. Collins Harman McHugh I am very proud, as I indicated yes- Combest Hastert McInnis f terday, to have known the Condit Hastings (FL) McIntosh Conyers Hastings (WA) McIntyre PERSONAL EXPLANATION Congressperson briefly. I am gratified Cook Hayworth McKeon for his life and his legacy and I wanted Costello Hefley McKinney Mr. LAZIO of New York. Mr. Speaker, on to come today to add tribute and to Cox Hefner McNulty rollcall No. 9, I was unavoidably detained. Had Coyne Herger Meehan add my support for this honor being be- Cramer Hilleary Meek I been present, I would have voted ``yes.'' stowed upon him today. Crane Hilliard Menendez f The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Cubin Hinchey Metcalf MCINNIS). The question is on the mo- Cunningham Hinojosa Mica PERSONAL EXPLANATION tion offered by the gentleman from Danner Hobson Millender- Davis (FL) Hoekstra McDonald Mr. SKELTON. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. New York [Mr. MCINNIS] that the Davis (IL) Holden Miller (CA) 9, I was unavoidably detained. Had I been House suspend the rules and pass the Davis (VA) Hooley Miller (FL) present, I would have voted ``yes.'' bill, H.R. 499. Deal Horn Minge DeFazio Houghton Mink f The question was taken. DeGette Hulshof Moakley Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I object Delahunt Hunter Molinari to the vote on the ground that a DeLauro Hutchinson Mollohan PERSONAL EXPLANATION quorum is not present and make the DeLay Hyde Moran (KS) Mr. CRAPO. Mr. Speaker, on rollcall No. 9, Dellums Inglis Moran (VA) point of order that a quorum is not Deutsch Istook Morella I was unavoidably detained. Had I been present. Diaz-Balart Jackson (IL) Murtha present, I would have voted ``yes.'' H298 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 GENERAL LEAVE Johnson (CT) Miller (FL) Schaefer, Dan The result of the vote was announced Johnson (WI) Minge Schaffer, Bob Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I ask Johnson, E. B. Mink Schiff as above recorded. unanimous consent that all Members Johnson, Sam Moakley Schumer f Jones Molinari Scott may have 5 legislative days within Kanjorski Mollohan Sensenbrenner PERSONAL EXPLANATION which to revise and extend their re- Kaptur Moran (KS) Serrano Mr. TURNER. Mr. Speaker, on the marks on H.R. 499, the bill just passed. Kasich Moran (VA) Sessions The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Kelly Morella Shadegg way to the Chamber this morning I was Kennedy (MA) Murtha Shaw delayed visiting with some constitu- MCInnis). Is there objection to the re- Kennedy (RI) Myrick Shays ents. Had I been present I would have quest of the gentleman from New Kennelly Nadler Sherman York? Kildee Neal Shimkus voted ‘‘yea’’ on H.R. 499, in memory of There was no objection. Kilpatrick Nethercutt Shuster our good friend, Frank Tejeda. Kim Neumann Sisisky f Kind (WI) Ney Skaggs f King (NY) Northup Skeen RESIGNATION AS MEMBER OF Kingston Nussle Skelton COMMITTEE ON RESOURCES THE JOURNAL Kleczka Olver Slaughter Klink Ortiz Smith (MI) The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Pursu- Klug Owens Smith (NJ) MCGINNIS) laid before the House the ant to clause 5 of rule I, the pending Knollenberg Oxley Smith (OR) business is the question of agreeing to Kolbe Packard Smith (TX) following resignation as a member of Kucinich Pallone Smith, Linda the Committee on Resources: the Speaker’s approval of the Journal. LaFalce Pappas Snowbarger CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, The question is on agreeing to the LaHood Parker Snyder Speaker’s approval of the Journal. Lampson Pastor Solomon HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Lantos Paul Souder Washington, DC, February 5, 1997. The question was taken; and the Latham Paxon Spence Hon. NEWT GINGRICH, Speaker pro tempore announced that LaTourette Payne Spratt Office of the Speaker, H–232, The Capitol, the ayes appeared to have it. Lazio Pease Stabenow Washington, DC. Leach Pelosi Stearns DEAR MR. SPEAKER: I hereby resign from RECORDED VOTE Levin Peterson (MN) Stenholm the House Committee on Resources, effective Mr. MCHUGH. Mr. Speaker, I demand Lewis (CA) Peterson (PA) Stokes a recorded vote. Lewis (KY) Petri Strickland immediately. Lipinski Pickering Stump Sincerely, A recorded vote was ordered. Livingston Pitts Stupak SAM GEJDENSON, The vote was taken by electronic de- LoBiondo Pomeroy Talent Member of Congress. Lofgren Porter Tanner vice, and there were—ayes 376, noes 28, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without not voting 29, as follows: Lowey Portman Tauscher Lucas Poshard Tauzin objection, the resignation is accepted. [Roll No. 10] Luther Price (NC) Thomas There was no objection. AYES—376 Maloney (CT) Pryce (OH) Thornberry Maloney (NY) Quinn Thune f Ackerman Christensen Ford Manton Radanovich Thurman Aderholt Clayton Fowler Manzullo Rahall Tiahrt RESIGNATION AS MEMBER OF Allen Clyburn Fox Markey Rangel Tierney COMMITTEE ON GOVERNMENT Andrews Coble Frank (MA) Martinez Regula Torres REFORM AND OVERSIGHT Archer Collins Franks (NJ) Mascara Reyes Turner Armey Combest Frelinghuysen Matsui Richardson Upton The SPEAKER pro tempore laid be- Bachus Condit Frost McCarthy (MO) Riggs Velazquez fore the House the following resigna- Baesler Conyers Furse McCarthy (NY) Riley Vento tion as a member of the Committee on Baker Cook Gallegly McCollum Rivers Walsh Baldacci Costello Ganske McCrery Rogan Wamp Government Reform and Oversight: Ballenger Cox Gekas McDermott Rogers Watkins CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES, Barcia Coyne Gephardt McGovern Rohrabacher Watt (NC) Barr Cramer Gilchrest HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, McHale Ros-Lehtinen Waxman Washington, DC, February 4, 1997. Bartlett Crane Gilman McHugh Rothman Weldon (FL) Barton Crapo Gonzalez McInnis Roukema Weldon (PA) Hon. NEWT GINGRICH, Bass Cubin Goode McIntosh Roybal-Allard Wexler Speaker of the House, Bateman Cunningham Goodlatte McIntyre Royce Weygand H–232, the Capitol. Becerra Danner Goodling McKeon Rush White DEAR MR. SPEAKER: Effective immediately, Bentsen Davis (FL) Gordon McKinney Ryun Whitfield I hereby resign from the House Committee Bereuter Davis (IL) Goss McNulty Salmon Wise Berman Davis (VA) Graham on Government Reform and Oversight. Meehan Sanchez Wolf Thank you. Berry Deal Granger Meek Sanders Woolsey Bilbray DeGette Green Menendez Sandlin Wynn Sincerely, Bilirakis Delahunt Greenwood Metcalf Sanford Young (AK) COLLIN C. PETERSON, Bishop DeLauro Gutierrez Mica Sawyer Member of Congress. Blagojevich DeLay Hall (OH) Millender- Saxton The SPEAKER pro tempore. Without Bliley Dellums Hall (TX) McDonald Scarborough Blumenauer Deutsch Hamilton objection, the resignation is accepted. Blunt Diaz-Balart Hansen NOES—28 There was no objection. Boehlert Dickey Harman Abercrombie Hefley Taylor (MS) f Boehner Dicks Hastert Borski Hilliard Thompson Bonilla Dingell Hastings (WA) DeFazio Lewis (GA) Visclosky Bonior Dixon Hayworth ELECTION OF MINORITY MEMBERS English Miller (CA) Waters TO CERTAIN STANDING COMMIT- Bono Doggett Hefner Ensign Oberstar Watts (OK) Boswell Dooley Herger Filner Pascrell Weller TEES OF THE HOUSE Boucher Doolittle Hill Gibbons Pickett Wicker Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- Boyd Dreier Hilleary Gillmor Ramstad Yates Brady Duncan Hinchey Gutknecht Sabo er, I offer a privileged resolution (H. Brown (CA) Dunn Hinojosa Hastings (FL) Stark Res. 36) and ask for its immediate con- Brown (FL) Edwards Hobson Bryant Ehlers Hoekstra NOT VOTING—29 sideration. Bunning Ehrlich Holden The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is this Barrett (NE) Doyle Obey Burr Emerson Hooley Barrett (WI) Foglietta Pombo at the direction of the Democratic Cau- Burton Engel Horn Brown (OH) Gejdenson Roemer Buyer Eshoo Hostettler cus? Carson Hoyer Smith, Adam Callahan Etheridge Houghton Mr. FAZIO of California. Yes, Mr. Chenoweth Istook Sununu Calvert Evans Hulshof Clay Jefferson Taylor (NC) Speaker. Camp Everett Hunter Clement Largent Towns The Clerk read the resolution, as fol- Campbell Ewing Hutchinson Coburn Linder Traficant Canady Farr Hyde lows: Cooksey McDade Young (FL) Cannon Fattah Inglis Cummings Norwood HOUSE RESOLUTION 36 Capps Fawell Jackson (IL) Cardin Fazio Jackson-Lee Resolved, That the following named Mem- Castle Flake (TX) b 1251 bers be, and that they are hereby, elected to Chabot Foley Jenkins the following standing committees of the Chambliss Forbes John So the Journal was approved. House of Representatives: February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H299 To the Committee on Agriculture: Jay The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Mr. FAZIO of California. The quorum Johnson of Wisconsin, Leonard Boswell of Clerk will then continue reading the call is automatic. Iowa. resolution. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The To the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight: Danny Davis of Illinois, John The Clerk continued reading the res- Chair will count for a quorum. Tierney of Massachusetts, Jim Turner of olution. PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY Texas, Tom Allen of Maine. b 1300 Mr. FAZIO of California. Parliamen- To the Committee on House Oversight: tary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. I do not Steny Hoyer of Maryland, Carolyn Kil- Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- know what is holding up the action patrick of Michigan. er, I move the previous question on the here. To the Committee on International Rela- resolution. tions: Bob Clement of Tennessee. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- To the Committee on National Security: Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- tleman will suspend. The Chair is Loretta Sanchez of California, James er, I move to table the resolution. counting for a quorum. Maloney of Connecticut, Mike McIntyre of The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- North Carolina. MCINNIS). The gentleman will suspend. er. To the Committee on Resources: Nick The Chair would say to the gen- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- Lampson of Texas. tleman from California [Mr. FAZIO] To the Committee on Small Business: John tleman will suspend. The Chair is LaFalce of New York, Ike Skelton of Mis- that the Chair assumes that the gen- counting for a quorum. souri, Norman Sisisky of Virginia, Floyd tleman from Louisiana, [Mr. FIELDS], Does the gentleman from Florida Flake of New York, Glenn Poshard of Illi- was not intended to be in the resolu- [Mr. CANADY] desire to withdraw his nois, Martin Meehan of Massachusetts, tion, as the gentleman from Louisiana point of order and motion? Nydia Vela´ zquez of New York, Bill Luther of is no longer in the House. Is that cor- Mr. CANADY of Florida. I do, Mr. Minnesota, John Baldacci of Maine, Jesse rect? Speaker. Jackson Jr. of Illinois, Juanita Millender- Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The mo- McDonald of California, Alan Boyd of Flor- ida, Carolyn McCarthy of New York, William er, I ask unanimous consent that that tion is withdrawn. Pascrell of New Jersey, Virgil Goode of Vir- obvious inaccuracy be corrected. Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- ginia. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there er, I insist on the enactment of the res- To the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs: objection to the request of the gen- olution, as is traditionally the case Lane Evans of Illinois, Joseph Kennedy of tleman from California? when offered by a conference or caucus Massachusetts, Bob Filner of California, Luis There was no objection. of either party. Gutierrez of Illinois, Scotty Baesler of Ken- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The tucky, Sanford Bishop of Georgia, James Does the gentleman from Florida Clyburn of South Carolina, Corrine Brown of [Mr. CANADY] seek recognition? question is on the resolution offered by Florida, Mike Doyle of Pennsylvania, Frank Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- the gentleman from California [Mr. Mascara of Pennsylvania, Collin Peterson of er, I move to table the resolution. FAZIO]. Minnesota, Julia Carson of Indiana, The SPEAKER pro tempore. The The resolution was agreed to. Sylvestre Reyes of Texas, Victor Snyder of question is on the motion to table. A motion to reconsider was laid on Arkansas. PARLIAMENTARY INQUIRY the table. To the Committee on the Budget: Eva f Clayton of North Carolina. Mr. FAZIO of California. Parliamen- Mr. FAZIO of California (during the tary inquiry, Mr. Speaker. SPECIAL ORDERS reading). Mr. Speaker, I ask unanimous I really do not know the answer. I The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under consent that the resolution be consid- would like the Parliamentarian to as- the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- ered as read and printed in the RECORD. sist us. I am not sure there is any uary 7, 1997, and under a previous order The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there precedent for a resolution brought to of the House, the following Members objection to the request of the gen- the floor by the caucus or conference of will be recognized for 5 minutes each. either party being tabled. Is there any tleman from California? f Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- precedent for that? er, reserving the right to object, I The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under TRIBUTE TO THE LATE would inquire concerning whether the clause 4, rule XVI, the motion is in HONORABLE FRANK TEJEDA Committee on Science is included in order as preferential to the motion for The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a the resolution. the previous question. previous order of the House, the gen- Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- The question is on the motion to tleman from Guam [Mr. UNDERWOOD] is er, I believe there is a member of the table offered by the gentleman from recognized for 5 minutes. Committee on Science appointed as a Florida [Mr. CANADY] as preferential to Mr. UNDERWOOD. Mr. Speaker, I result of the resolution, one member. the motion for the previous question. rise today to join many of my col- Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- The question was taken; and the leagues who want to honor and cele- er, I withdraw my reservation of objec- Speaker pro tempore announced that brate the life of our friend and col- tion, and I move to table the resolu- the noes appeared to have it. league, the gentleman from Texas, tion. Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- Frank Tejeda. The SPEAKER pro tempore. The er, I object to the vote on the ground As has been recounted over the past 2 Chair will ask, is there objection to the that a quorum is not present and I days, Frank’s accomplishments were request of the gentleman from Califor- make the point of order that a quorum many. While enlisted in the U.S. Ma- nia [Mr. FAZIO] to dispensing with the is not present. rine Corps, he distinguished himself as reading of the resolution? The SPEAKER pro tempore. The Mr. FAZIO of California. The resolu- a leader and was selected to become a Chair while counting for a quorum will tion must be read at this point. Is the Marine Corps officer. Throughout his notify the Members that the page just objection to the unanimous consent re- military career Frank was decorated placed at the desk with the specific quest that it be considered as read, Mr. and recognized by the Marine Corps, Member’s election to the Committee Speaker? and he was a hero to many as he was The SPEAKER pro tempore. The on Science was not included in the res- given the Bronze Star, awarded the Chair is asking whether there is objec- olution now pending before the House. Bronze Star and Silver Star post- tion. Mr. FAZIO of California. Mr. Speak- humously. Mr. CANADY of Florida. Mr. Speak- er, I cannot imagine that we could be As a graduate of St. Mary’s Univer- er, I do object to the dispensing of the correcting the resolution or even ex- sity, the University of California at reading. plaining the resolution when we have a Berkeley School of Law, Harvard’s The SPEAKER pro tempore. Objec- vote or a quorum being called. Kennedy School of Government, and tion is heard. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Would Yale Law School, Frank was also dis- The Clerk will continue reading. the gentleman from Florida like to tinguished as a student at America’s Mr. FAZIO of California. The gen- withdraw his objection? finest schools. tleman objects, so the Clerk will then Mr. CANADY of Florida. I do not Frank accomplished so much read; is that right, Mr. Speaker? withdraw my motion. throughout his life; but what made him H300 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 a great man was not just his accom- pay the benefits of retirees as we oper- cluded some kind of private invest- plishments, but his desire to take his ate on, if you will, a pay-as-you-go sys- ment. What we also do is increase the own successes and use them as a tool tem, where existing workers pay the retirement age by 1 year. That brings to serve others. Frank Tejeda dedi- benefits of existing retirees. That is in additional revenues. The amount of cated his entire life to serving others the way it started in 1935 when we those additional revenues can be eligi- in his family, in his community, and in passed the Social Security bill. That is ble for private investments. We do not his country. This desire carried him to the way it has always been, and that is affect current retirees in this bill be- the Texas House of Representatives the way it is today. cause they, after all, made their plans and Texas Senate, and finally right If we look at the problems of the based on existing law; but gradually here to the U.S. House of Representa- birth rate going down while the num- over the next 25 years, we make these tives, while remaining a devoted hus- ber of retired people increase—and they changes. band and father. are increasing because they are living Look, we have just got to, make an Mr. Speaker, I had the opportunity longer—we see what happens to the aggressive, conscientious effort to deal to attend Frank’s funeral Mass at St. deficits of Social Security. Some sug- with these kinds of entitlement spend- Louis’ Catholic Church in San Antonio, gest, such as Dorcas Hardy, the pre- ing, whether it is Medicare, or whether TX, where he also served as an altar vious Social Security commissioner, it is Social Security, because the fact boy. Many times Members of this body that we are going to be short of Social is, we are going broke. If we do not frequently talk about the nature of Security funds as early as 2005. It pre- make changes now, those changes in being a good representative and being sents a serious problem to this Con- the future are going to have to be connected to their district. I would gress. much more drastic. It is going to inter- have to say that Frank was probably Every retiree should be concerned rupt our economy. It is going to inter- the quintessential district public serv- about what might happen to those ben- rupt the well-being of retirees. So let’s ant. He grew up in the area that he was efits if we delay some solution. Every act now. worker in America, especially those representing, he was connected to it, f he never left it. He exuded the spirit under 45 years old, had better be going THE BOMBING PREVENTION ACT and vitality of south San Antonio. to the candidates that run for Congress and say, look, take your heads out of Mr. Speaker, I was touched during The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. the sand and do something to protect the service to find out that the very MCINNIS). UNDER A PREVIOUS ORDER OF Social Security. THE HOUSE, THE GENTLEWOMAN FROM church we were in was also the church This chart in front of me shows the in which Frank was an altar boy. NEW YORK [MS. SLAUGHTER] is recog- kind of deficits we are going to have; in nized for 5 minutes. Throughout his life Frank Tejeda led other words, the amount of money by by example and led by serving others. Ms. SLAUGHTER. Mr. Speaker, I rise which benefit payments will exceed today to strongly condemn what has Today we honor Frank with our words. revenues that have to borrow or shift I am happy to participate in the nu- been a wave of bombing activity from the general fund. throughout this Nation and to urge merous accolades to Frank, and would As I go around to my town hall meet- like to extend my own personal condo- Congress to act. This type of violence ings and into high school and college must come to an end and I am working lences to his mother, Lily, and his government classes, one statistic that I three children. to do just that. give them is the price that Social Se- On January 7, I reintroduced H.R. 85, f curity is costing a minute today. That the Bombing Prevention Act of 1997, The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a price is $600,000 a minute. But in 2030, it which would help end this vicious at- is going to be $5,700,000 a minute. So previous order of the House, the gen- tack on innocent persons. I urge my the number of retirees increases be- tleman from California [Mr. RIGGS] is colleagues to sign on as cosponsors. I cause they are living longer. When we recognized for 5 minutes. know you were as shocked as I was started Social Security, the average [Mr. RIGGS addressed the House. His over the weekend when government of- age of death was 63. Now if you are remarks will appear hereafter in the fices, including the court, in San Diego lucky enough to hit 65, the estimate is Extensions of Remarks.] were targeted with pipe bombs that that you are going to live to be 86 were sent through the mail. Two hun- f years old. This represents the decrease dred employees were evacuated, the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a in the number of workers that pay in package detonated by bomb squads in previous order of the House, the gen- their taxes to support each retiree. the FBI parking lot. tleman from Colorado [Mr. SKAGGS] is In 1945, there were about 42 people Atlanta has faced an even more hor- recognized for 5 minutes. working, paying in taxes to support rific tragedy. I still remember my out- [Mr. SKAGGS addressed the House. each retiree. By 1950, that was down to 17 people working. By today, there are rage 2 weeks ago after an attack on a His remarks will appear hereafter in family planning clinic outside of At- the Extensions of Remarks.] only three people working. The esti- mate is by 2030 there are only going to lanta. The first bomb shattered con- f be two people working. crete and blew away pieces of the wall I have developed a Social Security and the ceiling at the building that A PROPOSAL TO KEEP SOCIAL housed the clinic. The second bomb was SECURITY SOLVENT proposal that has been scored by the Social Security Administration that even more ominous. The terrorist de- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a keeps Social Security solvent. It does signed it to spill blood by packing it previous order of the House, the gen- this in several ways. No. 1, it keeps the with metal fragments and 3-inch con- tleman from Michigan [Mr. SMITH] is Government from reaching into the crete nails that were set to explode recognized for 5 minutes. surpluses in the Social Security fund over a wide area. It was set to go off an Mr. SMITH of Michigan. Mr. Speak- and spending those for other Govern- hour after the first bomb so that law er, in the week of February 27, we are ment purposes. It allows a very modest enforcement officials would bear the expected to take up the issue of the investment in private savings ac- brunt of that explosion. balanced budget amendment. There has counts. The reason we do that is be- The people of Atlanta have fallen vic- been a lot of talk about Social Secu- cause Treasury is now paying a return, tim twice to a devastating crime which rity. How this amendment is going to a real interest rate return, of 2.3 per- was likely perpetrated by domestic ter- affect Social Security and how changes cent. If we compare that to the 9-per- rorists, a crime designed to intimidate in that amendment that might better cent the private sector has been get- women from exercising their constitu- portray what is really happening at the ting over the last 80 years, we see the tional right to seek health care and a Federal Government. Social Security system is losing out. crime that further eroded any sense of I wanted to talk a few minutes about innocence left in our citizens. what the problem is in Social Security. b 1315 The Centennial Park bomb at the That problem with Social Security is So every proposal that came out of Olympics 6 months earlier was not not having enough money coming in to the President’s advisory council in- enough for the homegrown killers. We February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H301 know now that the bomb that exploded things they might have on their fellow in a hearing at the Committee on Vet- at the Olympics consisted of three Americans. erans’ Affairs where issues related to lengths of pipe packed with smokeless Moreover, my bill contains special Hispanic veterans were being discussed powder, an explosive substance that is provisions that requires every person and particularly Puerto Rico. completely unregulated by Federal who purchases more than 5 pounds of During my opening statement I pro- law. This in itself is a scandal, and of black or smokeless powder, and 5 ceeded to narrate the glorious and dis- course the perpetrators of the act are pounds is enough for gun enthusiasts to tinguished history of Puerto Rico’s still at large. have to make their own bullets that 65th Infantry Regiment. Specifically, I We are not even safe in our homes. In would make them hold a Federal per- made reference to the time when the upstate New York a 10-year-old girl mit. Criminal bombings have doubled 65th Infantry Regiment was asked to opened a Christmas package left in her since 1988. Think about that. This is al- cover the withdrawal of thousands of family mailbox. Instead of a gift, she most becoming retribution of choice in marines during the Korean war. Frank, was greeted with an explosion that the United States. They have doubled who was a member of the committee burned over 27 percent of her body. since 1988. One-third of those incidents and a marine himself, recognized the The bomb turned out to be a ‘‘mes- involved black powder or smokeless valorous service of Puerto Rican veter- sage’’ from a disgruntled employee of powder. ans in all the major wars and conflicts her family. I would like to send a re- Of course this is the part of the bill that this Nation has been involved in turn message to domestic terrorists that will send our friends in the Na- during this century but then took ex- and I need your support. Unfortunately tional Rifle Association through the ception to my comment on the with- it often takes tragedies such as these roof. But under the current law, any drawal of the marines and he said, with to spur this House to action. I was purchase of less than 50 pounds of a smile on his face, ‘‘but you know, CARLOS, we, the Marines, never were shocked to discover 2 years ago that black powder is totally exempt from under current law possession of explo- withdraw from battle.’’ any kind of oversight. This is crazy. As you see, I believe that this state- sives is not a Federal felony. For years Fifty pounds of explosive powder can ment characterizes Frank’s life. He we said that certain people, for exam- unleash substantial destruction. As never withdrew from anything. He ple a felon, should not be allowed to every law enforcement official knows, never gave up. His life was an incred- carry guns, and yet they can drive bomb makers love that stuff. It is ible story of triumph over adversity. around in their car or keep at home 100 cheap, it is available, it is unregulated, He lived a life of hard work, hard work pounds of gun powder that is not even and a little bit goes a long way. In fact in his district, hard work in the mili- a crime and that nobody accounts for. it only takes a pound and a half to tary, hard work here in Congress, hard Bombers commit murder by remote make a pipe bomb. work wherever he went. control. They do not have to be in the I would also like to point out these But most of all Frank understood the same room as their victims or even in regulations will not harm legitimate value of freedom and honesty and he the same city. They never have to see sportsmen. As I pointed out a while was well aware of the dramatic cost of the death and destruction that they ago, 5 pounds of black powder will re- keeping our cherished and hard-fought cause, and their ruthless method of load 750 shotgun shells. liberties. murder often kills random bystanders. Each year, millions of pounds of ex- Frank, I was privileged to have you It is no wonder that Americans are un- plosives are purchased without any as my colleague, but most of all I was easy on the streets and their homes, in permit being required or no regulation, privileged to have you as my friend. We airplanes. and we in Congress have a duty, I be- will miss you but your memory will be We need to act now against these lieve, and an obligation to protect the with all of us forever and an example particularly cold-blooded killers. We lives and property from bombings. for us to follow. must not wait for another attention- Last session, we passed my legisla- f grabbing attack. In recent years we tion to help protect innocent people The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a have seen mail bomb attacks on a from bombs made of plastic explosives previous order of the House, the gen- judge and civil rights activists in the such as the bomb used on PanAm flight tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. PITTS] South and a string of bombings at 103 over Lockerbie, Scotland. It is time is recognized for 5 minutes. abortion clinics. How much more evi- we got tougher on terrorists here at [Mr. PITTS addressed the House. His dence do we need of the pressing need home. Passing H.R. 85 will give law en- remarks will appear hereafter in the for stronger laws? forcement officials another tool in Extensions of Remarks.] And do not think it cannot happen in tracking down these homegrown ter- f your district. Two days ago, this week, rorists. It must be done. Nobody knows a potentially deadly pipe bomb was dis- who is going to be next. HELPING THE DISTRICT OF covered a few blocks away from my f COLUMBIA Rochester office and was just outside The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a the headquarters of Eastman Kodak. FAREWELL TO REPRESENTATIVE FRANK TEJEDA previous order of the House, the gentle- Fortunately, no one was hurt. But per- woman from the District of Columbia haps next time we will not be so lucky. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a [Ms. NORTON] is recognized for 5 min- We have got to keep explosive mate- previous order of the House, the gen- utes. rials out of the wrong hands. My bill tleman from Puerto Rico [Mr. ROMERO- Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, I come to would require Federal permits for all BARCELO´ ] is recognized for 5 minutes. the floor first and foremost to thank ´ explosive purchases and would mandate Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO. Mr. Speak- Members for the way they responded to a nationwide background check for er, I am honored today to join with so the President’s remarks concerning the these permits. It also increases pen- many of our colleagues in honoring District yesterday. The President alties for those who violate Federal ex- Frank Tejeda for all his years of dedi- spoke, in his State of the Union speech, plosives laws. Obtaining this permit is cation and service to this Congress, to warmly of his own intention to assist not a burdensome process. To receive a our people, to our Nation. As we honor the District, and partly in his words, permit you only need to provide your the memory of the great person that ‘‘to renew this great capital city so name and address to the vendor and in- Frank Tejeda was, I cannot help but that Washington, DC, is a great place dicate the purpose of the purchase. look back and think about moments to live, and is once again the proud This information would be invaluable that I had the opportunity to share face America shows to the world.’’ to law enforcement officials who are with him. I appreciate as well the concerned investigating terrorism. Frank and I began service in the words of Speaker GINGRICH, who de- Such a process would allow us to House 4 years ago. And as a matter of voted part of his own opening speech, screen out people who should not have fact, Frank was one of the first Mem- upon being sworn in, to the District. access to these destructive materials, bers that I met when I arrived in Wash- The Speaker has in fact been very help- such as felons, fugitives and others who ington. I will always remember the ful to the District during the 104th show a tendency to take out whatever time when I was invited to participate Congress. H302 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 The President has put on the table a great cities in your State, New York by vote by vote, cut by cut by cut, each strong plan. First, it takes back $5 bil- City, L.A., Detroit, Atlanta, Seattle, year through the appropriations proc- lion in pension liability racked up by Houston, Chicago, Newark, Nashville, ess. the Congress before home rule and off- Greenville, Charlotte, Richmond, and That is what has brought the deficit loaded on the District. Second, it rec- Baltimore. None of them support them- down, on a bipartisan basis, Democrats ognizes that the District is not a State selves. They are basically supported by leading the charge sometimes, Repub- and like every city in the United their States. licans the other times. That is what States cannot today bear State, coun- If you did not have a State, what has brought the deficit from being 4.7 ty, and municipal functions all by it- would you do? What do you expect the percent of our economy down to here self, even if it becomes the most effi- capital of the United States to do? An about 1.4 percent. cient government on the face of the empowerment zone by itself does not Now, having said that, if a constitu- Earth. address taxpayer drain. Even busi- tional amendment is necessary, I am Last night the President offered nesses in D.C. tell us that for every ten greatly concerned because the argu- words on an empowerment zone ap- jobs we make in D.C., nine of them go ment I hear is that the Federal budget proach that he intends to spread to to suburbanites. They say that is be- ought to balance its budget like every cities across the United States, includ- cause we are losing our skilled work family, like every business and every ing the District. It is a traditional ap- force, which is another way of saying State government has to. And that is a proach that is already in use across the losing our tax base. They say that an fair statement. There is a difference, country. I am very grateful that he empowerment zone incentive will not though. If you forced every family, if wants to include the District in this help the District because business you forced every business, and particu- approach. I welcome it. But I welcome looks to the skilled work force, not to larly if you forced every State govern- it only in combination with income tax tax incentives when deciding whether ment to include the language of this relief in light of a bill I have intro- or not to locate in a city. balanced budget amendment in their duced yesterday. This is not your average tax cut. It is constitutions or in their bylaws or As the sole response to the crisis of not what we usually mean in this their operating procedure, this country the capital city, the empowerment ap- House. It is not about money saving; it would be belly up. proach is unacceptable to me and to is about life saving. We have to think This balanced budget amendment the District. Why? The President’s own outside the box. We have to understand does not do what every State, what plan, the President’s strong plan—for that in essence, if not this, what? every family and every business does, pension and State cost relief—would You have a unique situation in the and that is to permit borrowing for take this much, represented by the or- capital of the United States. You have capital expansion, for growth, for in- ange color, off the table from what Dis- a stateless city. It is insolvent. Its rev- creasing in productivity. Because while trict taxpayers now pay. What that enue is dwindling away with its tax 49 States have some form of capital means is that 90 percent of what Dis- base. The capital is trapped. Help us budgeting in place, and incidentally trict taxpayers pay they would con- free ourselves. operates under a balanced budget pro- tinue to pay. Strong as his plan is, it f cedure, such as the State of West Vir- really is marginal in what it does to ginia, which has a strict balanced The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. take away what a dwindling tax base budget requirement in its State con- MCINNIS). Under a previous order of the would pay. stitution, while almost every State has House, the gentleman from Florida We are now at 1933 population levels. a balanced budget requirement of some [Mr. FOLEY] is recognized for 5 min- We do not have a State like New York kind, there is a difference between the utes. and like Florida. We are losing, in the way that States operate and the way [Mr. FOLEY addressed the House. His 1990’s three times as many people as we the Federal Government operates. remarks will appear hereafter in the lost in the 1980’s. Every State borrows for the roads, Extensions of Remarks.] Consider what our alternatives are. the bridges, the water systems, the Commuter tax, massive infusions from f sewer systems, the infrastructure, the schools, the prisons, the things that the Federal Government and, finally, SUPPORT MY BALANCED BUDGET are necessary for long-term growth. use of our own money through a tax SUBSTITUTE AMENDMENT TO Every State has that kind of capital cut. Commuter tax, thank you, Mr. THE CONSTITUTION Congress, you have taken that off the budget. Not so the Federal Govern- table. We are barred from a commuter The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a ment. tax, even though virtually all the jobs previous order of the House, the gen- So that is why I would urge Mem- go to commuters. They come in and tleman from West Virginia [Mr. WISE] bers, if you feel you have to support a use the services of an insolvent city is recognized for 5 minutes. balanced budget amendment, I hope and do not leave one thin dime here. Mr. WISE. Mr. Speaker, very shortly you will support my balanced budget You took that off the table. Massive in- in this House, probably within the next substitute, my constitutional amend- fusions from the Federal Government, 3 or 4 weeks, the House leadership has ment to the Constitution, which would you have taken off the table for every- scheduled a vote on the balanced budg- say that you balance the budget in the body, even the capital of the United et amendment to the Constitution. I same amount of time, by the year 2002; States. I am down to the only option I have some concerns about whether this that you have the same procedures, ex- have left: Let us use our own money to is even necessary. cept that you can have capital budget- pay what it takes to revive our own I note with interest that the deficit ing; that is, you can have investment city. has dropped in the last 4 years from in physical infrastructure, the roads, The District of Columbia Economic $300 billion a year to $107 billion this the bridges, and so on, No. 1; and, No. Recovery Act is a bipartisan tax cut year and it is coming down like that; 2, that Social Security is off budget. bill. I put it in only because we have no that 4 years ago it was 4.7 percent of I am fascinated that every Member in State. If we had a State, I would not do our gross domestic product, a hefty this House at some time or another has it. I would go to the State. portion. Today it is 1.4 percent, the voted in favor of taking Social Secu- lowest point it has been since 1974, the rity off budget. Well, if it was good b 1330 lowest of any industrial democracy. So enough last year, the year before, and Big cities get almost all of their rev- I question whether it is needed. the year before that, why is it not good enue from State and Federal sources. If it is needed, if people still seem to enough this year, particularly if we are D.C.’s revenue must come from a tax think it is, I have to offer the sugges- going to enact such a stiff proposal and base that is disappearing with no way tion that you do not balance the budg- put it into the Constitution? to recycle money back from those who et by putting something in the Con- So if you want the Federal budget to leave. stitution that says in 7 years you have operate like every State, like every Think about it. Even if you come to have a balanced budget. You balance business and every family, then recog- from a small town, think about the the budget the old-fashioned way, vote nize the fact that every family knows February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H303 that it has to borrow for long-term ly placed the issue of educating our for the purpose of trying in the short items. children at the top of the Nation’s time that we have to try to commemo- My wife and I had to borrow for our most important priorities. rate the life of a friend, of a colleague, house. It is called a mortgage. Over 20 The President’s plan spans across the of a great American hero, Frank years. We have to borrow for the car, 4 entire spectrum of education. He had 10 Tejeda, who passed away but a few to 5 years of financing. We have to bor- points. For the youngest children, he days ago in his home in Texas shortly row for our children’s tuition, because called for an expansion of Head Start; after having been sworn in to the 105th we understand that that is what is for elementary schoolchildren, a pro- Congress. going to pay back greater dividends in gram to ensure that they can read Without further remarks on my part the years to come. independently by the third grade; for at this stage, I do want to yield time to So that is what my balanced budget our high school students innovative in- someone who was a great friend of Mr. amendment to the Constitution would centive programs to encourage them to Tejeda, and I want to acknowledge that do. It would recognize that borrowing obtain at least 2 years of college; and Mr. Tejeda’s family is here with us and permit it to continue. You cannot for parents and students alike, strug- today, but I think it is most fitting go home and say that I supported a bal- gling to meet the runaway costs of col- that the individual who knew him best, anced budget amendment to the Con- lege, a variety of tax breaks and ad- who would sit right back there every stitution that is just like every State, justments to existing loan programs day of a vote with Frank and laugh and every family, and every business has to that will make everyday life a little bit do work and do the business of this do, because every State, every family easier. country with him should best have the and every business could not operate if Last year, Mr. Speaker, when the opportunity to go first in making re- they had to operate under the terms of President sent his budget to Congress, marks about our great friend. the balanced budget amendments that the Republicans responded by offering Mr. Speaker, I yield such time as he this House will be voting on. the largest education cuts in history. may consume to the gentleman from If you are interested in supporting To demonstrate the seriousness of Texas, Mr. SOLOMON ORTIZ. my proposal, my substitute, I would their opposition to the President’s edu- Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, first of all, urge you to cosponsor my balanced cation agenda, they then proceeded to I would like to thank the gentleman budget amendment, which was dropped shut down the Federal Government two for asking for this special order today in the hopper today, which has been in- times while calling for the abolition of in memory of a great American and a troduced, which already has 19 cospon- the Department of Education. great friend. sors and which permits and which re- Their attacks on the education sys- Mr. Speaker, I was one of those fortu- quires a balanced budget but also per- tem continued throughout the election nate Members of Congress who was mits our Federal Government to do cycle, with GOP leaders, most notably able to visit with Frank about 3 weeks what every State government and city Bob Dole, picking fights with the before he died and, as we all know, is permitted to do, and that is to bor- teachers unions. Frank loved his children. And even be- row for physical infrastructure and to In announcing his education plan last fore Frank was diagnosed with this spread that out over the cost of the life night, the President rightly called for cancer, he was telling me about the of that asset. Republicans to leave their partisan heavy schedule and how important it Why should you consider the same agenda at the classroom door. It is my was for him to attend some of the soc- dollar that goes for pencils for the Fed- hope that the Republicans will accept cer games that his boy, Frankie, eral courthouse to be the same dollar the President’s invitation and join con- played. He said this is one of the things that is spent for a highly of highway? gressional Democrats in our efforts to I miss the most, being with my family. We all know the mile of highway has a provide quality, affordable education When I visited with Frank this last much greater life FTE. And yet that to every American. time again, we talked about the family would be precluded. That would be I know, Mr. Speaker, that we will be and about the marine that he was, how ruled out. That would be greatly dealing with these education issues for he loved the military. But at this mo- threatened by the balanced budget a long time, and certainly dealing with ment we are very fortunate to have amendment this House will be voting them in the next few weeks and the Frank’s mother with us in the gallery, on. next few months, but I think that the Mrs. Tejeda, Frank’s sister, and mem- So if you want to balance the budget President’s call that we should put our bers of his family, as they were recog- in the same way the family does, the partisan differences at the classroom nized last night during the President’s State does, the business does, then you door was really crucial. Education is State of the Union Message. ought to be supporting my proposal, the most important issue facing this For 4 years Frank and I sat together my amendment to the Constitution Nation and the President’s 10-point in that same corner listening to the which was in the hopper today. plan really is a significant beginning to State of the Union Message and look- We will be talking a lot more on this, solving the problem of making sure ing forward to seeing what was in that Mr. Speaker, I am very confident of that we provide an adequate education message that we could dissect and take that, but I would urge Members to look system for every American. back to our district and tell people how closely and to recognize that there is a f we would be able to change their lives, very significant difference between the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a and impact on their lives something on way the States operate, the way busi- previous order of the House, the gen- the positive side. nesses operate, the way families oper- tleman from California [Mr. FARR] is Frank was a very religious individ- ate, and the way this budget would recognized for 5 minutes. ual. This last year I would ask Frank have the Federal Government operate. [Mr. FARR of California addressed to go out with me to attend certain f the House. His remarks will appear functions, and Frank would say, I am hereafter in the Extensions of Re- sorry, I cannot go with you because PRESIDENT CORRECTLY PLACES this is my prayer time. I have to go to NATION’S EDUCATION SYSTEM marks.] f my home and spend time talking to my AT THE TOP OF OUR PRIORITY God and reading my Bible. LIST TRIBUTE TO THE LATE Frank was also kind and forceful and The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a CONGRESSMAN FRANK TEJEDA generous and committed to those he previous order of the House, the gen- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under served. After Frank fought for his tleman from New Jersey [Mr. PALLONE] the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- country, he fought very hard for veter- is recognized for 5 minutes. uary 7, 1997, the gentleman from Cali- ans, farmers, and Hispanics in Texas Mr. PALLONE. Mr. Speaker, in his fornia [Mr. BECERRA] is recognized for and in Washington. Frank was a won- State of the Union address last night 60 minutes as the designee of the mi- derful person who died far too soon, too President Clinton announced an ambi- nority leader. young. He taught us all how to be bet- tious plan to strengthen our Nation’s Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, we have ter people and he set an example for all education system and in so doing right- taken out this special order of an hour of us to live by. Frank had a quiet H304 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 strength. His decent life spoke volumes Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- schools in the Nation. His accomplishments about Frank. tleman for his remarks and I think he were remarkable, undeniableÐand probably b 1345 is right, he probably could speak longer unexpected by those who saw him as a rest- on this than anyone, about Frank, I less adolescent. Frank was a quiet man. He was very uncomplicated. When he know he would love to, but at this Proud as he was, and he was very proud, he wanted to tell you something, he was point I yield to the dean of the Texas never let his accomplishments balloon into very blunt, but he spoke the truth. At delegation, someone who has been a egotism. He just hung the medals up, and this moment, I would like to include fighter for Texas for some time, I know alongside them the diplomas, and went on the rest of my statement for the Frank spoke of him with great regard, about his quiet and extremely effective service RECORD, because I know that there are that is the gentleman from Texas [Mr. to the people of his community and district. many, many friends who would like to GONZALEZ]. Frank always had the time to help a friend take time in this special order today to Mr. GONZALEZ. I thank the gen- or a neighbor. And if he did not have the honor a great hero, a great friend, tleman from California [Mr. BECERRA] money to help out, he'd get it somewhere, Frank Tejeda. for yielding. even if that meant taking on a bank loan. But I thank the gentleman from Califor- Mr. Speaker, it is very unnerving and typically, he never would tell anyone about the nia [Mr. BECERRA], the chairman of the soul shaking to consider that such a sacrifices that he was making. Hispanic caucus. young and promising life was cut so High or low, rich or poor, powerful or Because he was contented, he was short and, therefore, deprived us and weakÐeveryone who came in contact with unflappable. Frank was also kind, forceful, this House of what unquestionably Frank Tejeda was treated with unfailing cour- generous, and committed to those he served. would be great contributions. tesy and respect. He was that kind of man. After he fought for his country, he fought hard I have watched the course of this He was a man of integrity and decency. for veterans, farmers, and Hispanics in Texas great man in Congress, as a fellow Con- Frank Tejeda lived with honor, served with and Washington. gressman, as he developed and being honor, and brought honor to all of us. Frank was a beautiful man who died far too very familiar and intimately ac- I will miss Frank. All of us will. I hope, as I soonÐtoo young. He taught us all how to be quainted particularly with that section said yesterday, that all of us will learn from better people, and he set an example for all of of our city in which he grew up and to knowing him, and that all of us will remember us to live by. which I have an undying and unbreak- him by living as he did, with grit and grace, Frank had a quiet strength. His decent life able attachment, since I myself am a decency and honor, generosity and compas- spoke volumes. native son and actually born at a time sion, energy and determination. He was uncomplicatedÐhe meant what he when San Antonio was a lot smaller, Frank Tejeda lived well and served well. said and he said what he meant. His word and that part of the city in which With profound regret and sorrow, I say fare- was literally his bond. Frank developed and grew was not His story was very much the American well to FrankÐbut will never say farewell to there. So it is very difficult to find storyÐabout the ingenuity and creativity of his memory. words with which to express com- Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- one man's rise from obscurity to power. tleman for his remarks. Frank was an inspiration to me. Frank ex- pletely and fully the dimensions of an Let me now turn to another col- emplified the very best in public service, hon- individual such as the Congressman league from Texas, Mr. REYES, a gen- esty, and integrity. He was a true leader who who from very humble and unpre- tleman whom Frank respected a great believed in the value and decency of the work- tentious origins and beginnings deal. We are looking forward to work- ing class. reached the pinnacle of political ing with him as a new Member. He always said he was proud to be a ma- achievement by dint of character and Mr. REYES. Mr. Speaker, I rise this rine gruntÐhe didn't want it any other way. sacrifice. He of course proved himself afternoon to join my colleagues in rec- That same ideal moved him to work hard all in the field as a full-fledged member of ognizing the many contributions that his life and to stick up for the working people the Marine Corps. It was my privilege our esteemed colleague and my good he represented so well. Frank always ap- to be identified with that particular friend Congressman Frank Tejeda, proached problems with commonsense solu- section of the city when it was not part made to this great institution, our tions and an engaging sense of humor. of the city. I am a native of San Anto- This Chamber still feels empty without nio, and what we call Bexar County great Nation, and in particular the peo- FrankÐyet I know that Frank is watching us and the city is of such a proportion ple of Texas and the 28th District. Much has already been said about now and telling someone we are making too today that it is difficult for me to Frank and his influence on the lives of big a deal over him. For that was FrankÐsim- evoke the size and the aspect of the those he touched, but I rise this after- ple, low-keyed, and focused. city at the time. I want to thank my Frank showed enormous grace and courage colleague for pausing and taking time noon as one more testimony of what over the past year while dealing with the pres- in order to recognize a great man. will be his legacy, a legacy that will sures of cancer and chemotherapy. As al- Mr. Speaker, I want once again to offer a ensure that the memory of Frank ways, the highly decorated and respected ma- few words of praise and tribute in honor of my Tejeda will live forever in the hearts of rine fought the valiant fight. late friend and colleague, Frank Tejeda. all of us. He was such a disciplinarianÐwith his pro- As so many of my colleaguesÐand indeed Frank was a man of extraordinary fessional life, with his personal ethics, and the President of the United StatesÐhave re- character and integrity. Frank under- with his physical health. I greatly admired marked here in the House and elsewhere, stood what was required of public serv- himÐas did many Texans. Frank Tejeda was Frank Tejeda was a brave and remarkable ice. At a time when some Americans one of the best friends I ever had. man. He started with little, but soon found di- are wondering about and sometimes We need to remember Frank's childrenÐ rection, and when he did, proved his talent questioning those that seek and aspire Marissa; Sonya; and Frank IIIÐand his mother and mettle. He went a very long way in a very to public service, we have been left Lillie during this difficult time. His mother was short time. with the legacy of a devoted father, a here with us last night, honored by President Frank died too soon, and I am sure that he selfless public servant, and an honor- Clinton as an American hero in Frank's stead. knew how long the odds were against surviv- able man to reassure us that America We should also remember his sister Mary ing the tumor that killed him. But he never can and still provides us with those Alice LaraÐwho accompanied their mother complained, never faltered, never felt sorry for that seek no other measure than to last nightÐand his brothersÐJuan Tejeda, Er- himself or asked anyone to pity himÐhe went serve with dignity and simply aspire to nest Tejeda, and Richard Tejeda in our pray- right on doing the best he could, to serve his do what is right and just. ers. district and this House in an exemplary way. Frank Tejeda was an example of Frank Tejeda was a giant among men, and There was not a day, not an hour, that he did what is right and noble. But more than among leaders. not give his bestÐand that was very good in- that, Frank will forever live in the FrankieÐI love you brother. You leave us a deed. The people of his district, the Members hearts of his people, in the hearts of all beautiful memory. We will all miss you, but we of the House, were well served by Frank people, for he was a man of the people. will cherish your memory. Tejeda. In death, as in life, he stirred within I thank the gentleman from California for Frank went from high school dropout to his people a dignified and moving trib- sponsoring this special order. decorated marine, and from there to the best ute for all of us to see last Monday as February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H305 whole neighborhoods of San Antonio BECERRA] for allowing me a few min- Tejeda. He mentioned and recognized turned out to show respect and fare- utes to discuss my friendship with Frank’s mother Lillie and his sister well. It was a sight that will never and Frank Tejeda. Like my colleague from and relatives who attended. They are must never be forgotten. It is the ulti- Texas, JIM TURNER, we served with here this afternoon. And so it is with mate tribute that a grateful commu- Frank in the House and the Senate and great pleasure, it is with great honor nity gives a warrior statesman. It was now in Congress. I grew to admire him that I too come to join my fellow col- fitting and proper and, to use Frank’s as a man who was committed to the leagues in expressing our feelings and own words, it was the right thing to do. highest ideals and actions. Almost 2 support of the bill just passed today Straightforward, honest, respectful, years ago, I remember when Frank be- which is going to name a post office in dutiful, and courageous, Congressman came ill, I prayed to God that he would San Antonio the Frank Tejeda Post Of- Frank Tejeda fue un hombre entre be healed, and the Lord let us have fice. hombres, a man among men, and he Frank until last Thursday night. He There are many things about Frank will be missed but he will never be for- was a man of integrity and honor and Tejeda that stand out in my mind. One gotten. commitment and service. He was a is that he was the son of Mexican im- God blessed us all with Frank and great man who gave of himself, self- migrants. Two, that he was a first gen- now it is up to us to keep his legacy lessly to others, whether it be serving eration south Texan, and very proud of alive and thriving within this great his community as an elected official or that. He was proud to be an Hispanic place, with great responsibilities to to the children of south San Antonio in leader from Texas and to be here in this great Nation. organizing and helping in little league Washington representing his constitu- I thank the gentleman for this oppor- games, baseball, football, you name it. ents. From San Antonio all the way tunity. Again, my colleague from El Paso down to south Texas, in Zapata, in Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- talked about earlier this week when we Roma, in Rio Grande City, a district tleman for his remarks. Mr. Speaker, another colleague who saw the thousands of people who gath- that borders with mine and thus we will serve this institution so well is an- ered along the roadways to pay tribute create a very special friendship. I had a to Frank Tejeda, who came from their lot of respect for Frank, and I had other gentleman from Texas [Mr. JIM neighborhood and did so much good. looked forward so much to working TURNER]. Mr. TURNER. I thank the gentleman I was so impressed with Frank when with him. I first met him, he was so proud to be from California [Mr. BECERRA] for Frank was proud to have ascended, to yielding. a marine. He was a role model for other have become a national leader. For Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleas- marines. In fact, I did not know until that, he will always serve as a role ure to stand and speak in the memory much later that Frank had received model for many Hispanics throughout of our dear friend Frank Tejeda. Frank the highest academic average in the the State of Texas and other parts of Tejeda served not only in this body, Marine Corps history in officer can- the country. ably and with distinction but he also didate school. Frank even took it a This afternoon, I attended a meeting served as a member of the Texas House step further when he won the Colonel with Secretary of the Navy John Dal- of Representatives and the Texas Sen- Phil Yekel award which combined his ton. He too paid tribute to Congress- ate where I had the pleasure of serving skills academically with his natural man Tejeda. He spoke of this great by his side. I can say without question, leadership ability and his extraor- American hero, a gentleman who dis- Frank Tejeda was a man who stood dinary physical fitness. His pride in the tinguished himself in so many ways. I firmly for principle, a man who voted Marines and military translated into know that those of us who are sitting his conscience irrespective of the pres- his work as a legislator, both here and here this afternoon are going to be sure that may come to bear. He was a in Austin, TX, whether it be serving joining a very large number of individ- man who believed very firmly that veterans as a State legislator or State uals who want to pay respects and truth was more important than any Senator in securing funds for an out- honor Frank Tejeda. other virtue, and he was a man who be- patient clinic in San Antonio or for a Mr. BECERRA. Let me now recognize lieved very firmly that when some- public health clinic in Duval County. a colleague of mine from the State of thing needed to be done, he was going He was a firm believer in military-ci- California, a friend and someone whom to be there and be counted. vilian cooperation. He sponsored legis- I know knew Frank well and respected Frank Tejeda grew up in south San lation to train physicians assistants at him, Mr. DUKE CUNNINGHAM. Antonio. He did not graduate from high Fort Sam Houston. He helped expand Mr. CUNNINGHAM. I thank my school but he went into the Marine the GI bill for educational benefits for friend for yielding. I know the Texas Corps. It changed his life, and he from service personnel and certified teach- delegation got together, which is very that point on achieved great heights ing. Frank touched so many people, responsible, to offer this for Frank academically. Mr. Speaker. We will miss him, not Tejeda. I want you to know it is not He served the people of south side just the people of San Antonio and the just the State of Texas that grieves, San Antonio and the other counties in people of Texas but the people of the that this Nation has lost a favorite son, his congressional and Senate and House. Frank Tejeda’s commitment to that when this country asked Frank to House districts with great distinction. this institution, his country and to its serve, he went and he served in Viet- As I sat next to him on the floor of the people should be an example we all nam and did very well there. I want to Texas Senate on one occasion, I noted should live by. Frank, we will miss also tell you that even when he was di- Frank was rather quiet and yet as I you. agnosed with cancer, Frank never gave began to hear the particular debate, I Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- up hope. began to realize that Frank was ready tleman for his remarks. I know one time I had learned and I to speak. And when Frank rose to Another colleague from Texas and I tried to break the ice a little bit with speak, everyone listened, because you think it is clear the respect of the him, and I said, Frank, you know that knew when Frank Tejeda spoke, it was Members from Texas for Frank Tejeda being a Navy guy, that we own the Ma- worth listening to. We will miss Frank as they come here to express them- rine Corps and that if he did not be- Tejeda. He was a great Texan, a great selves, I would like to invite another lieve it, to check the front side of his American, and a great friend to all of gentleman who just got elected and paycheck. It is signed Department of us. will serve us well in this Congress, Mr. the Navy. Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- RUBE´ N HINOJOSA, to please add his re- tleman for his words. marks. b Let me now ask another colleague Mr. HINOJOSA. I thank the gen- 1400 from the great State of Texas and a tleman from California [Mr. BECERRA] Frank reminded me with the humor great friend of mine, Mr. GENE GREEN, for yielding. of the time and says, ‘‘DUKE, that’s be- for his remarks. Last night in President Clinton’s cause the Marine Corps has protected Mr. GREEN. Mr. Speaker, I thank State of the Union speech, he paid spe- the Navy throughout history, and you the gentleman from California [Mr. cial tribute to the Honorable Frank owe us that.’’ H306 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 But he was a man of integrity and cared about his family, and we are all member our colleague Frank Tejeda even though that with the issues some- better for having the chance to have today. Rather than mourning his too times we disagreed, Frank was well re- known him and worked with him and early death, let us thank God for his spected on this side of the aisle as well we will miss him. life, let us thank God that we had the as that side of the aisle, and I would I thank the gentleman for yielding. opportunity to work with him and let ask, Mr. Speaker, that when our chil- Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- us thank God that we had the privilege dren look for heroes or role models tleman from Texas for his words, and it to know him. that someone that was as dedicated to is absolutely true. Those of us who had Frank was a favorite in this House of family as Frank Tejeda, someone who the opportunity to be at the memorial Representatives. He was a friendly, de- was as dedicated to this Nation in serv- service saw just this throng of people cent, kind, and quiet man. His partici- ing as Frank Tejeda, has strong faith outside trying to send a wish to Frank, pation in a hearing or meeting guaran- in God and his country, I cannot think and that perhaps was one of the most teed civility and tolerance. When he of a stronger role model for my chil- moving things that I saw in my trip to spoke others listened. I firmly believe dren or anyone else’s. Texas. that his notable courtesy and obvious Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- Let me now yield to a very distin- concern and regard for the views of tleman who knows a little bit about guished Member from Texas as well others was the result of a lifetime of what it means to be a member of the and a good friend, Mr. CHET EDWARDS. challenges that he faced as a young military for his kind words toward Mr. EDWARDS. I thank the gen- man growing up in San Antonio, as a Frank. tleman. highly decorated Marine veteran of Let me now ask another fine gen- Mr. Speaker, in this House our Mem- Vietnam, as a student at three of our tleman and distinguished Member of bers are often judged by what they country’s most highly respected insti- this House from the State of Texas to have accomplished in life, and on that tutions of higher education, University come forward, and that is the gen- basis Frank Tejeda would be judged of California, Harvard, and Yale. tleman by the name of KEN BENTSEN. very well because he made a difference As a fellow member of the House Mr. BENTSEN. I thank the gen- for his State, for his country and for Committee on Veterans’ Affairs, I tleman from California for yielding, his beloved constituents in south know that Frank’s thoughtful and in- and I join my colleagues in grieving Texas. the loss of our colleague from Texas, But the thing for which I will always formed comments and constructive Frank Tejeda. I have to say I did not remember and respect Frank Tejeda is participation were well regarded. He know Frank until I was elected to the not his list of accomplishments, was among the first to sound the alarm 104th Congress, but I often drove though many and impressive, but the concerning gulf veterans’ problems. He through the lower part of his district character of the individual. He is what championed improvements in the GI in Starr County, where part of my fam- I would have to believe every father bill. He fought to ensure that many ily resides, and I saw Frank’s signs and every mother would hope their veterans living in San Antonio were down there, and he was one of the only child would grow up to be, and as a fa- well cared for and taken care of at the people I have ever known who could ther of a small 1-year-old son, I could Audie Murphy Hospital in San Anto- run for office and never be opposed think of no greater satisfaction in my nio. from either party or in either primary, life, far beyond anything I could do in I was also privileged to serve with and I have to say as I got to know him this body that would bring me pleas- him on the Committee on National Se- I came to understand why. ure, than to think that my son would curity, where his faithful and effective I have never met anybody who did some day have the character and integ- participation demonstrated his com- not like Frank Tejeda, who was not rity, the decency and the honesty and mitment to the members of our Armed proud of what Frank Tejeda had ac- the compassion of Frank Tejeda. Forces and to a strong national de- complished, and while the service the Several years ago I met a young 9- fense. other day in San Antonio was quite year-old Hispanic girl who was also We all considered Frank to be a good sad, I was moved by what Bishop Yanta fighting a fight against cancer. She friend and colleague. Our admiration said in the homily when he said that was trying to get help, to get care in a grew, however, into a real sense of awe we are sad that Frank is gone, but he hospital and was not sure that she as we watched him literally wage the has gone to a better place and we would win that fight for her life. She battle of his life, a fight that he carried should celebrate what he did in his life sent me a card that I think is appro- on with enormous courage and dignity. here. priate for Frank Tejeda at this mo- None of us will ever forget the Honor- And you look at many re´sume´s in ment, a card that I will never forget, able Frank Tejeda or the special grace this job and you hear many people tes- and what it said was this: with which he lived his life. tify and you meet many of us who were ‘‘When we leave this world we leave Our deepest sympathy goes to his in this body who have very interesting behind all that we have, that we carry family, his loyal and devoted staff, and backgrounds, very distinguished back- with us all that we have given.’’ the residents of the 28th Congressional grounds, but I do not know if we have I am confident, Mr. Speaker, that on District of Texas, who Frank so ably had anybody in quite some time who his journey to heaven Frank Tejeda represented here in Congress. Please had the distinguished background of carried much with him for he gave so let us know what we in this House can Frank. much here on Earth to his country, to do in any way to help you during the I had the occasion to talk with one of his family and his beloved friends of difficult months ahead. Let us all our former Members, Sonny Montgom- south Texas. thank God for the life of Frank Tejeda. ery, a very respected member of the Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- military who served in this body, who tleman for his remarks. tleman for his remarks. told me the day after Frank’s passing Let me now ask a distinguished that he in fact—Frank in fact had been friend and colleague of the House who Let me now ask the gentleman who the most decorated Member serving in has served so very well representing has served this country in the military the Congress in these last few years. veterans for so long, the gentleman and is now serving his country just as ably here in Congress, a good friend, And so I think it is a great loss for from Illinois [Mr. EVANS]. us, but I also have to say what a trib- Mr. EVANS. I appreciate the gen- the gentleman from Pennsylvania, Mr. ute and what a celebration as we left tleman for yielding. PAUL MCHALE. St. Leo’s in the south side of San Anto- At the end of World War II, General Mr. MCHALE. I thank the gentleman. nio to see the people lined up on the Patton, while eulogizing our American Mr. Speaker, I recall with respect street holding up the signs saying: ‘‘We war dead, reminded our grieving Na- and affection my friend, colleague, and will miss you, Frank’’. He is truly a tion that it is foolish and wrong to fellow marine, Frank Tejeda. Two dedicated—was truly a dedicated indi- mourn the men who died. Rather, we years ago Frank stood at this very vidual who cared about his constitu- should thank God that such men lived. microphone and gave a special order ents, who cared about his country, who And those words sustain us as we re- commemorating the courage of those February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H307 marines who fought for and died in pur- ents, and especially the way he proved DAD, You have been the greatest inspira- suit of the capture of Iwo Jima. Unbe- it when he was a marine. tion and role model in my life. You have knownst to Frank that evening, watch- The true test of a man’s character I taught me morals and values that anyone ing on C–SPAN was a former Navy think is many times tested under can teach, but the way you taught me made me admire you and love you the way I do. I corpsman who called Frank the next stress and the greatest proving ground miss you and I love you more than words can day. He was unaware that Frank had of all I believe is war or battle, and say. You will always be with me no matter survived war wounds received in Viet- Frank was tested in that manner and where I am. I love you, dad. nam. That corpsman was in fact the he proved that he was a hero. But Love, doc who had provided aid to Frank on Frank was not just a Vietnam hero; he FRANK M. TEJEDA, III. the battlefield and placed him aboard was a hero to his family as well and to HIS LIFE the helicopter when he was medivac’d. all those who knew him. A native Texan, Frank M. Tejeda, was born That chance appearance of Frank on C– Many of you have heard the things in Southside San Antonio on October 2, 1945. SPAN and the awareness of that Navy that my colleagues have said about He was the son of Lillie Tejeda and the late corpsman set in process a series of Frank M. Tejeda, Sr. him, his charitable acts, his acts of Frank attended St. Leo’s Catholic School events that resulted in Frank receiving concern for his constituency as he and Harlandale High School. He volunteered posthumously the Silver Star. dealt with the huge bureaucracy we for the United States Marine Corps, where he Among other events that day on the call the U.S. Government, and many of earned the Bronze Star for valor, and re- battlefield in Vietnam, Frank had gone us spoke of it in our eulogy to him. But ceived the Purple Heart for wounds sustained out into a rice paddy under fire, had at- there are three short statements that in combat. At the Marine Corps Officers Can- tacked an enemy position, had killed were written in the book that was is- didate School, his 99.08 percent overall aver- the enemy gunner and had pulled back sued to commemorate his memorial, age ranked the highest at the time. He re- into a tree line, at which point he saw ceived the Commandant’s Trophy, the Ma- and they were from his children, and I rine Corps Association Award for the highest the body of a marine in the rice paddy. would like to include those for the academic average in Marine Corps history at Again under fire he went out to that RECORD, along with a ledger of his the time (99.6 percent), and the Colonel Phil marine, recovered the body and longstanding accomplishments, many Yeckel Award for the best combined record brought the body back to safety. Frank of which you have already heard and in leadership, academics, and physical fit- in this Chamber later said to me, many of which you will hear from ness. ‘‘Paul, that wasn’t courage. I simply other Members who love them as much Frank graduated from St. Mary’s Univer- remembered what they taught me at as we do. sity with a Bachelor of Arts in Government; Quantico.’’ at the University of California at Berkeley But one particular of the three that School of Law, he earned a Juris Doctorate; That was courage, and like Frank’s his children wrote was written by his at Harvard University’s Kennedy School of intelligence, his decency, his bravery daughter Marissa, and I would like to Government, he earned a Master in Public was such an inherent part of his char- share that with you. It really came Administration; and at Yale University acter he did not think it was special. from her heart, and it is a true senti- School of Law, he earned a Master of Laws. But we who served with Frank know ment of how she felt about Frank and Frank began his professional career as an just how special he was. I think that many of the people that attorney at law. He served as a State Rep- resentative in the Texas House of Represent- In a line that is delivered by marines knew him felt about him too. It says: with a sense of humor, but one that I atives from 1977 to 1987. He was elected to LOVING THOUGHTS FROM HIS CHILDREN the Texas Senate, serving from 1987 to 1993. think appropriate today, the closing You are a celebrity to me . . . I’ve watched In 1992, he was elected to the United States stanzas of the Marine Hymn talks you grow all these years with me, al- House of Representatives and served in Con- about the streets of heaven being most as if you were a big star on the gress from 1993 to 1997. guarded by U.S. marines. Mr. Speaker, screen . . . I’ve watched you give to Frank M. Tejeda was a devoted public serv- they now have a new commanding offi- others—this taught me the gift of giv- ant who dedicated his entire life to making cer: Maj. Frank Tejeda, U.S. Marine ing. Southside San Antonio, the greater San An- tonio-Bexar County metropolitan area, his Corps. I’ve watched you make your dreams come South Texas congressional district, and the Semper fidelis Frank. true— nation a better place for all to live. Edu- This taught me to believe in dreams. I’ve Mr. BECERRA. I thank the gen- cation, youth athletics, civil rights, and vet- watched you play my fan at my soft- tleman from Pennsylvania, [Mr. erans service organizations have honored ball and soccer games—This taught me MCHALE] for his remarks. Frank’s service to the community. His ex- to find courage and self-worth. Let me now ask a colleague from traordinary life will be a lasting inspiration California, a friend, someone who also I watched you play my teacher—This taught to us all. me the meaning of moral gratification knew Frank well, the gentleman from HIS LEGISLATIVE ACCOMPLISHMENTS and education. southern California [Mr. MATTHEW I watched you play my DAD—when you loved During the 103rd Congress, Congressman MARTINEZ], to come forward to make me unconditionally and supported me Frank M. Tejeda supported a strong national some remarks. with all your faith—This taught me the defense, community and economic develop- Mr. MARTINEZ. Thank you, Mr. magic in love and the ability to bring ment, expanded educational opportunities, BECERRA. life to others. crime control and enhanced veterans bene- Mr. Speaker, I rise today in honor of fits. He advocated community participation. And I watched you as you played my friend— He was an outspoken supporter of local mili- my friend Frank Tejeda. I met him for every day, when you talked to me, tary bases and brought millions in additional the first time right back here in the cried with me and laughed with federal funding for building construction and back of the Chamber sitting with SOLO- me . . . You were a star to me, I was base maintenance. He strongly spoke in their MON ORTIZ and I think it became al- your biggest fan.— favor during the 1993 and 1995 base closure most a routine thing that when we Love, deliberations. came down to the House to vote we MARISSA. To assist those who risked their lives for would spend a few minutes visiting DAD, I love you more than words can say. our nation, Frank introduced and helped with one another. Although I only You have always been my inspriration and pass legislation to expand veterans’ edu- my will to strive for the best. No matter how cational benefits. He sought to expand knew him for a short time and many of hard or how long the battle was, you still health care access for veterans and others in us only knew him for the 4 years that came out a winner and that is how I will al- Southern Bexar and surrounding counties. A he was here in Congress, if you knew ways remember you. You are my hero, my believer in military-civilian cooperation, he him one day though, you really knew shining star, MY EVERYTHING. I know God sponsored and helped pass legislation to ex- him because he was exactly as he is taking care of you and you are still pro- pand a program for training physician assist- seemed to be, a real nice guy, and be- tecting us like always. You have been set ants at Fort Sam Houston and the Univer- yond that he was a great American and free, but you will never leave my heart. Dad, sity of Texas Health Science Center. He in- a great patriot, and I do not say that I miss you already, but there is no compari- troduced a bill to expand the Fort Sam Hous- son to where you are right now. I love you ton National Cemetery to continue our tra- just because he was a fellow marine but dearly and may the eternal light shine on dition of honoring those who served their because he proved it. He proved it you forever. country. Congress incorporated it into legis- every day of his life the way he acted Love, lation that was signed into law by President with himself, his family, his constitu- SONYA. Clinton. H308 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 Congressman Frank M. Tejeda was con- tion without regard to the status of other what he did, because a lot of lesser cerned about the health and safety of the countries submitted by a state governor at Members of Congress have done some communities he represented in Congress. the same time.’’ Secretary Glickman con- things legislatively, but Frank’s great- During his district work periods, he worked curred and signed Starr County’s designation ness I think was in what he was. with local elected officials and community to receive primary disaster for loses caused leaders to secure crucial federal funding for by drought and high winds. I reflected back on my times in the many worthwhile projects. A few of these Congressman Frank M. Tejeda also gar- service and my time, my service here projects included securing funding for the nered $1.3 million out of $9 million in unused on the Hill. And over your life, you construction of a new VA Outpatient Clinic USDA disaster assistance funds to help have certain times when you have a in Southeast San Antonio, securing addi- South Texas cope with sustained drought. group of people about you when you tional funding for a public health clinic in Four South Texas water projects in Frio, are working for a common cause when Duval County, and the construction of nu- Jim Hogg, and Zapata Counties received a merous clean water and sanitary sewer sys- share of the unused funds to improve their you have a sense of community, a sense tems. Alarmed by the contamination of soil respective water infrastructure projects. of brotherhood, a sense of friendship at the San Antonio Alamodome site, he HIS LEGACY that is very gratifying. And that is the called upon the Environmental Protection A position Frank valued more than any sense that I always had when I worked Agency for assistance and he formed a spe- other elected office or seat he ever held was with Frank Tejeda, because that is cial committee of community leaders and that of being father to his three children— what he inspired. representatives to identify solutions. His two daughters, Marissa and Sonya, and a concern for the small farmer and rancher I am reminded that I guess it was son, Frank II (whom he affectionately called was demonstrated through his efforts to pro- Alexis de Tocqueville who in analyzing vide assistance for agricultural producers. Frankie). Although his duties in public office what made the United States so un- Frank promoted and worked for the preser- took him away from his children frequently, usual, is a historian of several hun- vation of the historical landmarks and natu- he made it a point to spend time with them dreds of years ago, finally came to the ral resources in San Antonio, and he secured when he was home. He enjoyed sharing the news of their accomplishments and endeav- conclusion that America was great. He federal funding for the construction of the said America is good because our peo- National Park Services Mission San Jose´ ors with others. He was especially fond of Visitor Center. watching his son play soccer. ple are good and because we have cer- During the 104th Congress, Congressman He leaves, to cherish his memory, his three tain people who are just extraordinary. Frank M. Tejeda focused his attention on the beloved children; their mother, Celia Tejeda; Frank Tejeda was one of those good specific needs of veterans, farmers and his mother, Lillie Tejeda; a sister, Mary people. He was a person who was so de- Alice Lara; three brothers, Juan Tejeda, Er- ranchers, and communities without access to void of prejudice or unfairness or ego, a potable water. He achieved these goals nest Tejeda, and Richard Tejeda, all of San Antonio. In addition, he has a host of aunts, problem which I think affects all of us through legislation signed into law, grants at one time or another, that you could for drought relief, and funds to add or im- uncles, nieces, nephews, cousins, and other prove water infrastructure in underserved relatives. Frank M. Tejeda will be missed always count on him for a good deci- communities in the 28th Congressional Dis- greatly by his many friends, honored past sion. He was an honest broker that peo- trict of Texas. and current legislative colleagues, his fellow ple could go to, that they could look Frank successfully achieved congressional Marines, his faithful constituents, and his to, and what a role model for us in approval of legislation to permanently ex- loyal and dedicated staff. these difficult times when we get a lit- pand GI bill education benefits for veterans The warmth of Frank’s memory tle bit partisan. pursuing teaching certificates through state- leaves me with a great deal of comfort, approved alternative certification programs. I have always enjoyed being partisan but his loss I think leaves us all with a and the battles we have had on the VA education benefits were limited to cer- painful void. tification programs affiliated with colleges House floor and in committee, and and universities, and excluded certification Frank, I don’t say goodbye to you sometimes we get a little heated. And programs administered by a regional service this day, but as a friend and a fellow you know I am glad that my good center or large school district. His legisla- marine veteran I simply say semper fi. friend, the gentleman from North Caro- tion eliminated that barrier so veterans May your spirit live on forever, and I lina [Mr. COBLE], is in the chair right could consider the transition to the teaching know it will. now. He is one of those people that has profession upon their discharge from the b military. 1415 a little bit of Frank Tejeda quality Veterans’ access to health care is a high I thank my friend for his remarks. that sometimes when we are a little bit priority to Congress Frank M. Tejeda, who Let me now yield to someone who heated and when we step over the line worked closely with Department of Veterans knew Frank well, who happens to be a little bit, perhaps become a little bit Affairs Secretary Jesse Brown to open an the chairman of the Subcommittee on personal. It would not be bad for us to outpatient medical care clinic in Southern Military Procurement of the Commit- always remember Frank, a guy who I Bexar County. The clinic, which broke think it was Silveriuz who said that ground on December 8, 1995, will provide ac- tee on National Security, someone who cess to service to the more than 67,000 veter- also has a long and distinguished ca- still waters run deep. What a deep per- ans who live in Bexar, Atascosa, Frio, and reer, not just in the House of Rep- son, what a person who was often still, Wilson Counties. This expansion of VA medi- resentatives, but in serving this coun- but so valuable to this body and to us cal care in South Texas is made possible by try in the military, a friend of all of as Members. I would hope that we savings generated from the consolidation of ours, the gentleman from California could follow Frank’s example and re- duplicative administrative and other func- [Mr. HUNTER]. member the great modern American tions at Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans portrait role model that Frank was. Hospital and the Kerrville VA medical facil- Mr. HUNTER. Mr. Speaker, I thank ity, one of 16 nationwide management inte- my friend for those gracious words. But One thing about Vietnam was that grations to enhance medical services to vet- when I compare my brief career in the this era of Vietnam did not produce— erans and reduce administrative costs. military in which I went to Vietnam, and I think probably with the help of The prolonged drought in South Texas se- and basically the best thing that could the American media—did not produce verely affected South Texas farmers and be said about me was I showed up, many role models, because the Viet- ranchers. Frank worked tenaciously to get when you compare that with Frank nam war was an unpopular war for the the USDA to expedite primary emergency Tejeda, who showed such tremendous American media and there are not a lot disaster area designations for most countries of leaders who were given a lot of pub- in his South Texas congressional district. In leadership, it pales by comparison. an unprecedented move USDA Secretary Dan I want to thank my friend for taking licity. Frank in his quiet way was per- Glickman acted on Frank’s recommendation out this special order and all of my haps one of the greatest role models to to separate Starr County’s completed re- friends who spoke. I came from an ap- come from the Vietnam era. Frank was quest for a disaster declaration, along with pointment in my office. I did not get to a man who could have carried a na- three other countries, from a group of 13 ap- listen to everybody, but I know what tional office with great dignity and plications submitted by Texas Governor you said, because we all knew Frank. with great expertise and capability. George Bush. Frank emphasized that ‘‘* * * And I know many people have talked So I thank my friend for allowing me the policy of holding up one county’s disas- ter declaration until all applications are about his wonderful accomplishments. to take a little bit of this time, and I complete leads to unfair and unnecessary But it occurs to me, probably Frank thank all of my friends who talked delay. Each county should be considered as Tejeda’s value to all of us and his about Frank. Let us all work in his ex- soon as possible on the merits of its applica- greatness was reflected probably not in ample and in the great light that he February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H309 shed over this body, which I hope will resented all that is good about Amer- respected and admired by his classmates and continue to illuminate us in his mem- ica. He always led by example, and his the teachers. Back in the ‘‘old days’’ the ory. character, dignity inspired all who met teachers were mostly nuns. Frank was developing his strong spirit and Mr. BECERRA. I thank my colleague him. He was a genuine American hero, character. He was bright and he did well in from California for his words. Mr. Speaker. his studies; yet, he also managed to get into Let me now turn to a good friend and Our good friend and a dean from the mischief. He was not allowed to attend the a distinguished Member of this body, Texas delegation, the gentleman from eighth grade picnic because he had lead a the Representative from American Texas [Mr. GONZALEZ], members of the group of students who showered the hallways Samoa [Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA]. Congressional Hispanic Caucus and with the fire extinguishers during an evening Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA. Mr. Speaker, chairman, my good friend and col- PTA meeting. I too would like to join my good friend league, the gentleman from California Frank was raised by his father to love the outdoors, and the military. The home on from California for his kind remarks [Mr. BECERRA], the gentleman from Pleasanton Road had pens for the dogs that made about our great friend and col- Texas [Mr. ORTIZ], Henry Cisneros, and ‘‘Big Frank’’ raised for hunting. Frank, Jr. league, Congressman Frank Tejeda. I many other distinguished leaders have learned about caring for the animals that remember Frank once saying that he all spoken of a great loss, both per- they raised. Responsibility and love of the was just a grunt. As a Vietnam vet- sonal and communal, because of this outdoors were among the values he learned. eran, I would like to join my friend untimely death. Frank was devoted to his Catholic faith. from California in saying we were just The Hispanic community has lost a As an altar boy, many mornings he would be great man, Mr. Speaker, a great leader here bright eyed and ready to serve the 6:00 grunts compared to Frank’s accom- AM Mass. Here in this church, on this altar, plishments and certainly for his value and a great warrior. As former HUD we served Mass for Priests like Fr. Ruiz, Fr. and bravery for which he was awarded Secretary Henry Cisneros said, and I Ebisch, Fr. Singelton (no doubt they will the Silver Star, the Purple Heart, the quote: You do not find many public of- recognize him in heaven) his devotion to the Bronze Star and the Marine Com- ficials who stand for anything. Frank faith continued to his death. mandant’s Trophy, the Marine Corps Tejeda took stands, end of quote. Frank was much influenced by his father Association Award, and the Colonel Whether we remember the war hero, and other members of his family who served Phil Yeckel Award for the best com- the antipoverty activist, the brilliant in the military. Many of us remember the attorney, the crusading State legisla- pride and great pleasure he took in his toy bined record in leadership, academics, soldiers and particularly the pleasure he en- and physical fitness during the time tor and the dedicated U.S. Congress- joyed with the Fort Apache set. which he was in Officer’s Candidate man, Mr. Speaker, the role model for The Tejedas loved music. Frank grew up School, where he maintained an aca- our youth, the compassionate and gen- listening to his father Frank senior and his demic average in the 99.6 percentile, eral member of the community, the uncle Rogelio (his padrino) play guitars and the highest ever recorded in Marine fighter for justice and equality, the sing the ‘‘corridos’’ (ballads) about Mexican Corps history. good friend whose personal warmth was heroes and the old songs about men defend- always evident, and of any of the other ing their rights, defending their pride. ‘‘Las Mr. Speaker, Congressman Tejeda Polkas adding to the spirited evenings. We was a warrior and a true hero of our remarkable aspects of this man, we all all shared many gatherings, ending with Nation. Because of his tenacity, be- mourn his loss. breakfast at one of the family homes. cause of his leadership, and because of So, Mr. Speaker, we mourn the loss The Tejedas were and to this day remain a his generosity, and because he never to Texas, the loss to the Hispanic com- closeknit family. They help each other, forgot where he came from, Congress- munity, the loss finally to all of Amer- stand by each other and their extended fami- man Tejeda was loved and respected by ica. We will all miss the presence and lies and friends. The importance of family, a the people he served. the leadership of my good friend and value learned from good example. colleague, the late Congressman, All the Primos were athletic. Usually play- One of his constituents said of him, ing baseball or softball. Frank and his cousin and I quote: Frank Tejeda. Robert became legend in little league and Even though he spent many years in Wash- Mr. BECERRA. I thank my friend for pony league. His Primos Aurelio Jr., Roger ington, his heart was always in San Antonio. his kind remarks. and Henry were excellent athletes and were He was a community man. Congressman Members of the Tejeda family, mother Lil- the stars of the show at the donkey-ball Tejeda never lost touch with the family, lie; children Marissa, Sonya, Frank, III; games. friends and constituents who worked on be- Members of the US Congress; Governor; Col- Junior (Rodriguez) was among the family half of his political success. He continued to leagues of the Tex. Legisl. Distinguished athletes. Frank played baseball for the St. make a home in the neighborhood where he guests, friends. It is a great honor to be able Mary’s baseball team, there too he was ac- grew up. to speak about Frank M. Tejeda, Jr. cepted as a leader. Frank Mariano Tejeda, Jr. was born to lov- Surrounded by aunts and uncles that were He was generous with everyone, gen- ing parents Frank and Lillie Tejeda Oct. 2, loving and supportive, Frank was rooted in erous with his time and generous with 1945, on his dad’s birthday. He was born at the values of respect for self, respect for oth- his talents. There are countless stories 708 Pleasanton Road, on the south side of ers and love of family and service to church of how he took money from his own San Antonio. and country. pocket to provide uniforms for local A baby boomer, born to a WWII disabled After St. Leos, Frank attended Harlandale. baseball teams, how he cosigned notes combat veteran, and his wife. From his dad He was often involved in fights with the ele- to pay power bills so that the lights and his loving mom, Frank learned an in- ments of the school district that gave voice tense love of service to his country, his com- could remain on at the field, how he and action to bigotry. The intercom fre- munity. Since childhood Frank’s dream was quently called for A, B, C, and D, students took out loans to meet medical ex- military service, as his dad had done before and the ‘‘Tejeda boys.’’ Frank was always penses for his friends, how he bought him. ready to defend himself, even against a coun- the furniture for the day care center at His parents were loving and very involved selor who ‘‘called him an impudent trouble the local church. in his upbringing. Guiding him in his faith making Mexican.’’ Mr. Speaker, the list of his good and his daily living. His mom Lillie was and Teachers and counselors urged Frank to deeds goes on and on. His generosity of till his death continued to be the heart and study the trades since he ‘‘was intelligent spirit is well known. He was a mentor hearth of the family. His dad taught Frank and good with his hands’’—the same Frank about the love of country, about discipline, to many young people. He has gained who earned a BA, a JD, and two masters de- about loving the land and by example, grees—St. Mary’s, Berkley, Harvard, and political stature. He had made sure he Frank’s dad and mom taught Frank deter- Yale. helped young, aspiring leaders. He mination, and self-sacrifice. Frank was out of place in a school like opened up windows of opportunity. As Frank’s mother and dad were by Frank’s Harlandale was then. He left high school in Under Secretary of the Army, Joe side, teaching, guiding and reinforcing the his senior year, just seventeen (17) years old. Reeder said of him, and I quote: He was values of love of family, respect of self and of Frank’s strong spirit had not been harnessed. a great role model, a great advocate for others, dedication to God, family and coun- He had dreams he had to fulfill. He decided Hispanics, and a great advocate for vet- try. to accept the challenge of ‘‘joining the Ma- The Tejedas sacrificed and sent Frank, Jr. rines.’’ erans. to St. Leo Catholic grade school (the very We all laughed when Frank candidly told The gentleman from Texas [Mr. school across the street) to be followed by of his enlistment. He thought that when he BONILLA] concurred by adding this re- his sister Mary Alice, and brothers Juan, Er- enlisted he would have weeks or months to mark, and I quote: Frank Tejeda rep- nest and Richard. A natural leader, he was relax, visit and proudly boast about joining H310 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 the Marine Corp. He recounted that instead Frank used his considerable leadership During parimutuel battles twice Frank he was handed papers and a ticket to board skills in keeping the community united. A was offered briefcases and suit cases full of a flight to California that very same after- community that shared his views, worked cash if he would vote his conscience but not noon. He laughed and reported that he felt with him and ultimately gave life to com- speak his conscience. We all know that lonely on that flight to Camp Pendleton, in mon hopes. Frank refused to waver or give in to the Calif. Frank recognized that he needed addi- temptation of money. Again his bearing and leadership became tional education, so he earned the doctor of While Representatives at time spoke ‘‘to evident, despite the rough going during boot jurisprudence from Boalt Hall, in California, hear themselves speak,’’ Frank carefully lis- camp. He related how on one occasion his the masters in public administration at Har- tened to (a la E.F. Hutton) because he was platoon was marching and a crusty old T.I. vard, and the masters in law at Yale. respected and his fellows knew he was deter- yelled that everyone else was out of step ex- At Berkeley, Frank befriended Tony Ji- mined, courageous, honest and Christian. cept for Tejeda. For a brief moment Frank menez, at that time a long-haired radical In the Senate and in Congress Frank swelled up with pride until he realized, too who became the roommate of the conserv- served as always, with honor and distinction. late, it was he who was out of step. The lan- ative marine. ‘‘Talk about the odd couple. Honest and motivated by his true love of guage with which he was told of his error can Tony has been quoted on first seeing his church, family and community. not be quoted here. roommate, as saying ‘‘Holy mackeral, I Frank was generous with his time and with After boot camp, Frank embarked on what made a mistake.’’ Frank’s reaction was ‘‘just what material goods he had. He was generous could have been a career in the Marines. He as stunned.’’ They began a longterm friend- to family, friends and community, placing was the youngest marine staff sergeant to ship Tony, the Loyola grad, had requested an community interest before person gain. serve in Vietnam. He distinguished himself ‘‘out of state Chicano’’ roommate. He got No festival, no Pop Warner team, no base- and earned the Bronze Star with ‘‘V’’ for one. ball team would suffer if Frank knew about valor and also earned the Purple Heart for During law school Frank related taking his their need. Families who couldn’t bury their his wounds. Frank subsequently pulled to first sample test. He wrote his answer and dead did not suffer if Frank knew about their safety, a wounded fellow marine. He was tried to be humorous by adding at the end need. School bands, fund raisers all of us under fire; yet, he courageously tried to save ‘‘besides that’s life.’’ Frank recalled that the knew about Frank. Flags for schools, PTA, his fellow marine. Frank pulled him out of professor was not amused noting that Mr. Frank did it all. Many young people have peril and protected the wounded marine Tejeda was not welcome to add commentary. college educations today because of Frank. until further support arrived. This fact was No question Frank learned from this ‘‘sam- Many more are assured of college educations not reported until recently, when one of the ple’’ he was the only Hispanic that earned an in the future, because of Frank. witnesses to this event saw Frank on na- honors grade his first semester. Tony was God gave Frank to his parents and family. tional media. The witnesses who verified the the ‘‘eager beaver’’ student who raised his They raised him, nurtured and helped de- event all thought Frank had been killed. hand too often and answered questions, velop his character and then shared him with Frank, has posthumously been awarded the which caused the professor to take note of us. recognition he earned. The Silver Star for those in his immediate area. Frank informed In turn Frank gave his family, friends and gallantry in the face of enemy fire. Tony that if Tony raised his hand and community love, caring and generosity. He During his service in Vietnam, Frank and brought the heat one more time, Frank gave leadership, hard work and hope. His I corresponded. He reported that he and his would break Tony’s hand. Tony did not bring generosity was uncommon in character. fellow troops were very saddened by the fact the heat again. Saint Matthew (Ch22 V34 speaks about the that the ‘‘folks back home’’ were dem- During their studies at Berkeley, there was scholar of the law who tried to test Jesus onstrating against the war and heaping in- a madman who was hacking people to death. and asked, ‘‘Master what are the greatest sult on returning soldiers, soldiers who had He was killing nonminorities only. Tony and commandments?’’ Jesus replied, ‘‘Love God ‘‘put their lives on the line.’’ I encouraged Frank would on return to their apartment above all else. And the second is love thy him as much as I could and encouraged him late at night sing Mexican songs, loudly if neighbor as yourself for the love of God. to return home and go to college to develop not well, to make sure that the ‘‘hacker’’ Then in C25 St. Matthew speaks of the judg- that sharp mind even more. (who would pounce from alleys) did not make ment of nations: ‘‘When the Son of Man After Vietnam Frank was offered officer a mistake. Frank was courageous, but not comes in, His glory, and all the angels with training school. The Marines had recognized foolish. Him, He will sit upon his glorious throne and his worth and were anxious to have him as During law school Frank married Celia all the nations will be assembled before one of their leaders. Frank, instead, opted Gaitan, who lived across the street from the Him.’’ for a degree from St. Mary’s U. Upon his at- Longorias. He had been spending much time Frank Tejeda, Jr. son, brother, father, U.S. tempt at admission I had to keep Frank from at the Longoria home obviously it was not Congressman did many acts of kindness that ‘‘mopping the floor’’ with the director of ad- just to see his friend. Of this marriage came will be unreported, will be uncounted. He missions who was more interested in tech- his pride and joys: Marissa, Sonya, and lived his faith. He loved and served his God. nicalities than in Frank’s merits. Frank, III (Frankie). Frank and Celia gave Where he found hunger, he provided food, In 1968 Frank and I worked for the their children love and guidance. The chil- where he found thirst, he gave to drink, he S.A.N.Y.O. we became aware of rules that dren are beautiful and were a special source welcomed the stranger, he cared for all those were unjust, e.g., if you spoke Spanish you of joy for Frank. The many hopes that Frank the least of our brothers. were sent home for the day. Frank organized had for his children (his deep hope to see all He earned the respect of all his peers for a protest and as a result the exec. director (a his children finish high school and college) his devotions to ‘‘duty, honor, country.’’ He Priest) fired all eight (8) of us on Good Fri- must be realized. Sundays were family day. personified the motto of his beloved Marine day 1970. This was the beginning of Frank’s Special days for quality time as a family. Corps. ‘‘Semper Fidelis.’’ He demonstrated activism. Frank had sharply honed his mind and as a the finest qualities of the Christian. We next worked for an organization known former marine kept a sharply honed body. He He did for the least of God’s brothers and as the S.N.A.C. a 60’s war on poverty pro- launched himself into pubic service with the he did so with love and caring. gram. Here Frank met many activists. Some help of trusted friends and relatives. He will never be replaced; but he will for- he befriended, some he distanced himself On the first meeting between Frank and ever stand as an example to be followed. God from, but he respected them all and they in Tony Dramburger (the well financed incum- blessed him now he has inherited the king- turn respected him. bent) Frank bluntly and confidently told dom prepared for him. At S.N.A.C. he met Edmundo M. Zaragoza. Dramberger, he was going to beat May Frank rest in peace. A Harlandale I.S.D. school teacher and thus Dramberger. His style was ‘‘no brag just Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, at this began a close friendship that lasted until 8:25 fact.’’ And he did. stage, if I may, I would like to take the p.m. on Thursday Jan. 30, 1997. Frank then Frank served the southside community final moments of our time that we guided Zaragoza to victory as the First honorably and with distinction. He fought have to just engage in some final re- Mexican American elected by the Mexican- eloquently against parimutuel betting. His marks. I know that my good friend, the American community in the Harlandale vision of a better community, did not in- school district, thus began the ‘‘southside clude gambling. He wanted better things for gentleman from Texas [Mr. ORTIZ], coalition.’’ This name was given to a group the people of the southside and worked for it. could easily have used up the hour, I of young men who shared strong, personal Frank made his mark in the legislature. He know I could have used the hour just to friendship, shared many, many hours work- championed bills that served veterans (the praise the man we know as Frank ing for the common good of the southside. Veterans Land Act, the Purple Heart li- Tejeda. But in the short time that we And more than anything else, they shared censes among many bills) victims rights bills have, I think it is only fitting and per- values and dreams. and other crime bills that helped make our fectly fitting that Mr. ORTIZ and I have The continuous collaboration among communities safer. friends was built on mutual respect. Each In the Senate he continued to hold steady an opportunity to just reflect now, just friend (or relative) brought a different per- his course. He fought for the issues that were perhaps more personally about the man spective or added a new element to the melt- important. He would stand along and always that we are so trying to honor today. ing pot that became what is referred to as held his ground, regardless of power of Mr. ORTIZ. Mr. Speaker, I was remi- the ‘‘southside coalition.’’ money. niscing with some other Members a few February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H311 moments ago when Mr. BECERRA was have been in the worst of pain, who Antonio were very much like the relating to us here at this committee could have been told moments ago that neighborhoods in which I remember hearing involving veterans from Puerto he had no more than 3 months to live, growing up. Rico, he made a statement how Puerto who could have known that the marine To me it sent a very strong signal: Rico had lost a great number of men at he was about to go run out there dur- This is a man who, modest in his ways, this great battle and how they had to ing rapid-fire, go out to save, had actu- was doing a great deed and a great withdraw and retreat. And Frank asked ally already perished, but yet he still service for a community that often- Mr. BECERRA, would you yield to me? went out there; who never had to really times has never seen that type of Mr. BECERRA was kind enough to yield worry about expressing himself, be- champion. As much as he never boasted to Mr. Tejeda, and he said, let me make cause there was so much about him to about going to the Harvards and Yales a correction, Mr. BECERRA. Marines do express, but yet he never took it upon and Berkeleys of this world and getting not retreat, they do not withdraw, they himself to say to anyone, feel sorry for educated, though he never boasted regroup. me, be honored by my presence, recog- about the fact that he went out there So even though Frank was a quiet nize what I have accomplished, never and risked his life to save the life of man, a very reserved man, he had a once. another soldier, he was there. To me, great sense of humor. This is a guy who would, as you said, seeing the context of his district sent Another time I remember that yes- he would walk in, and that is the way home the message that this was really terday I was talking about his diet. I think we all remember him, he would a man who knew his place, and I sus- Frank had a very special diet. No come in and take his seat right next to pect he knows his place now that he is greasy food, no Cokes, no candy, no you, and there we would see him, the up there with the Lord. bread. So a friend of ours came to gentlemen from Texas [Mr. ORTIZ] and On behalf of all those who had an op- town, and he took us to a restaurant. Mr. Tejeda. portunity to say some words and for And Frank asked him, do you have As the gentleman from California those who were perhaps unable to have shrimp, and he said yes, I like to have [Mr. MARTINEZ] also mentioned, you come but would have loved to have said boiled shrimp. He got an order of boiled would see someone come in and sit some words, I say to Frank, we will shrimp and he got another one. Then next to you, then someone else would miss you. There are many here who he asked, what kind of steaks do you come, another person would leave. You would like to speak for you in the fu- have? He did not eat red meat. He said were there, you were the anchors, and ture and we look forward to being able tuna. He said, give me one tuna steak. folks would come. We knew that the to do the words and deeds as well as And then he says, can I have another House of Representatives had a House you have done them for so many years. Ms. ROYBAL-ALLARD. Mr. Speaker, I rise one? This is a fact. that was righted because there was al- The gentleman from New Mexico [Mr. ways that anchor there by the name of to remember our friend, Congressman Frank Tejeda. Frank's commitment to his constitu- RICHARDSON] and the gentleman from Frank Tejeda. ents, family and country was unparalleled. Arizona [Mr. PASTOR] were with us, and I think we can all learn a great deal. Often when we walked from our offices, in the I began to feel sorry for the guy that I know I have learned because I know Cannon House Office Building, to the Cham- was paying. He was another friend of he was not the friend to me as he was ber, Frank expressed regret that there were ours. And then he said, do you have to you, but just in his silence you not more hours in a day to accomplish his lobster? And he ordered lobster he learned so much. I believe the word goals and serve his constituents. Sadly, the ended up eating with a green salad. service takes on such a grand meaning when you look at someone like Frank years afforded Frank were too short as well. This was Frank Tejeda. He had not Yet, Frank made the most of the time he Tejeda because in his modest, unas- eaten all day. Many times we go to a was given. His spectacular ascent from high suming way he served, and he served so restaurant, and he would order stuff school dropout to Member of Congress, alone, well. He did not have to tell people that I could not eat. So I would eat all is eloquent testimony to his drive and dedica- that he served so well. He just did it. the grease, and Frank would eat all the tion. good stuff. Mr. ORTIZ. His death really did not Frank's success derived from his renowned But I will never forget the day when hit me until the day I came back, discipline. As a proud marine, this self-de- Frank came back, 1995 during the His- which was on a Tuesday, because that scribed ``grunt'' exemplified the American panic Caucus dinner. Frank came back phone call that Frank always made did dream. His hard work and single-minded focus and I could see that Frank was a little not come through. When we came here enabled him to overcome every obstacle, ex- depressed, you know. I could sense to the House Chamber, Frank was not cept the final hurdle of cancer. And, even something was wrong. And I asked around. But we know that he is in a then, Frank fought the good fight. Where most Frank, he would not tell me. Then better place. Frank, really his last people would have retreated upon diagnosis, after a while he said, I want to talk to days, he drew himself closer to God. Frank fought to return to the work he lovedÐ you. He says, you know that I was di- Even though his future, there was a lot serving the people of Texas' 28th district. agnosed with a brain tumor, and they of uncertainty in his future, he had Whether serving as a marine in Vietnam, cannot perform surgery, and they gave faith. He knew he was going to go to a obtaining his high school equivalency, com- me 3 months to live. And I said Frank, better place. pleting graduate programs at Berkeley, Har- do not joke around like this with me. Again, I would like to thank all our vard, and Yale or representing his constitu- He says, I am not joking. Frank, we friends in this Chamber for recognizing ents, Frank tackled each challenge with a sure were sitting back at that corner when and contributing to this special order sense of responsibility. that day he got ill, it started with a that we have today honoring a great Frank felt that he owed this country for pro- headache, just a bland headache, and American, Frank Tejeda, and of course viding him with opportunity. He repaid the per- he says, I want an MRI. I said Frank, I his great mother and relatives that are ceived debt fully, by serving in war and in have headaches every day. He said, I with us today. peace. know my body. He did. He went back Mr. BECERRA. To the family, let me My condolences go out to Frank's family. and he tried to—he had to convince also add my appreciation to the fact We have lost a dear friend and colleague, but three doctors to run an MRI on Frank. that they have been here, they have his children have lost a caring, devoted father. been very strong. To all the relatives I hope that they find comfort in knowing how b 1430 who have taken the time to say a few special he was. The day he was coming back, he was words about Frank, I thank them as Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. called and told that he had been diag- well. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay tribute and remem- nosed with cancer. The good Lord gave I will close by saying the following. ber my friend, colleague, and a great Amer- Frank 13 additional months. Thank As we were driving in the bus to go to ican, Congressman Frank Tejeda. His un- God that I learned a lot from a great the funeral and on our way back to timely death is a great loss for the constituents American, Frank Tejeda. catch a plane to go to Washington, of district 28, all of Texas, and the citizens of Mr. BECERRA. I think, Mr. Speaker, D.C., we drove through streets that re- the United States. that the gentleman has just epitomized minded me a great deal of home. The Congressman Tejeda and I worked together Frank Tejeda. This is a man who could neighborhoods that I saw in south San for many years in many capacities. He and I H312 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 were colleagues in the Texas House and the south side. He served 10 years in the Texas ber of the Texas State Legislature for 16 Texas Senate. We were elected to this office House before winning election to the Texas years, he was a strong advocate for veterans' in the same class in 1992. Senate in 1986. In the senate, he helped draw rights and the victims of violent crimes. He He was a patriot, a Vietnam veteran who the district he would eventually represent in also fought for minorities in South San Anto- risked his life many times to defend his fellow Congress. nio, assisting minority-and woman-owned busi- marines. He was honored with many medals. In 1992, Tejeda sought to be the first per- nesses, and promoting measures to ensure He was a true American hero. son to represent the newly drawn 28th Con- voting rights for minorities. My colleague, Frank Tejeda, has been an gressional District. The district encompasses In his election to Congress in 1992, Frank example and role model for many people in south San Antonio and extends all the way to earned the distinction of being the first fresh- many ways. He proved that you can achieve the Mexican border. His popularity on his na- man to be elected to Congress without opposi- success with determination and hard work. He tive south side being what it is, no Democrat tion from a major party. It was a testament to ended his life with the same quiet dignity he or Republican filed to run against Tejeda in ei- his rare legislating skills and his unparalleled always showed. ther the primary or general elections. He re- stature in the community of South San Anto- Mr. Speaker, I overwhelmingly agree with ceived 87 percent of the vote against a Lib- nio. my colleagues from Texas that we should ertarian that November and was sworn into While serving the people of the 28th District honor Congressman Tejeda's memory and his Congress in January 1993. of Texas in Congress, Frank earned a reputa- family by naming a post office in San Antonio In Congress, Tejeda served on the National tion as a man of great leadership and vision. as the ``Frank Tejeda Post Office.'' I urge sup- Security and Veterans Affairs Committees. He represented the needs of the Hispanic port for the passing of this resolution and we Tejeda fought hard for a strong military and is- community in his district with distinction. As a name this building for a great Texan-Amer- sues important to veterans. He was a strong member of the National Security and Veter- ican. advocate for Texas and Texas jobs. He con- ans' Affairs Committees, he used his unique My heart and prayers are with his family. tinually fought for Kelly Air Force Base even background as a marine and a soldier of the Mr. SANDLIN. Mr. Speaker, Frank Tejeda after it was announced the base would close. highest acclaim to fight for the needs of our was a quiet and reserved man who truly em- Never wanting to lose touch with the people veterans. bodied the spirit of all Americans. The grand- he represented, Tejeda went home to San An- Mr. Speaker, Congressman Frank Tejeda son of Mexican immigrants, Tejeda, grew up tonio every weekend. exemplified unmatched character and honor on San Antonio's tough south side; a place he Tejeda was a strong family man and a man during his life. He will be greatly missed by loved and a place that was always home. of faith. Frank left behind his mother, Lillie this governing body. Frank Tejeda was an achiever, whether it was Tejeda, his sister Mary Alice Lara, his two I join in offering my condolences to the in his beloved south side neighborhood, a daughters and his son Frank Tejeda III. Al- Tejeda family, including his three childrenÐ Vietnam jungle, ivy league universities, or the though, Frank may no longer be with us, his Marissa, Sonya, and Frank III. Halls of Congress. He was a leader, someone presence is still being felt by not only San Mr. BILIRAKIS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to others looked up to and revered. Tejeda, who Antonians and Texans, but by all Americans. say goodbye to a friend. Although many Mem- died Thursday after a long battle with brain As our recently reelected President addressed bers of this body have risen and recounted cancer, was 51 years old. our entire Nation he could not help but fondly what kind of man, legislator, and public serv- At 17 years old Tejeda was expelled from reflect on the service this man of a humble ant Frank Tejeda was, I believe it certainly school. Tejeda then joined the Marine Corps background gave to our Nation. His presence cannot be said enough. I had the privilege of serving with Frank on and soon found himself on the battlefields of was felt in the gallery as the Nation viewed his the House Committee on Veterans' Affairs for Vietnam, something that would shape the rest mother and sister, the way Frank would have 6 years. As a member of the Veterans' Affairs of his life. During his Marine service, Tejeda wanted to see them, standing strong. Frank Tejeda also touched me with his Committee, he was an ardent supporter of our earned a Bronze Star, the Commandant's Tro- presence, although I didn't serve with him Nation's veterans and their families, and it is phy, Marine Corps Association Award, the long. I am glad to say I knew this man who little wonder why. Colonel Phil Yeckel Award, and a Purple touched so many lives in a positive way. He joined the Marines when he was 17 and Heart. His proudest achievements were his Frank Tejeda was a true Texas and American served for 4 years. During that time, Frank military accolades. hero. I feel it is only proper that he was born was sent to Vietnam and was awarded the The Marines were a way of life for Frank and lies in the shadow of the Alamo. Purple Heart, a Bronze Star, the Com- Tejeda and his service to his country did not Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay spe- mandant's Trophy, the Marine Corps Associa- end when he left Vietnam. Frank stayed in the cial tribute to Representative Frank Tejeda, tion Award, and the Colonel Phil Yeckel Award Marine Corps and later went to officer can- who recently lost a long battle with brain can- for ``the best combined record in leadership, didate school where he earned the highest cer. academics, and physical fitness.'' While in academic average in the history of the corps. Frank touched many lives as evidenced by Congress, Frank continued to serve in the Ma- Even in Congress, Tejeda was still a marine. the 600 people who attended his funeral mass rine Corps Reserve. He served as a major in the Marine Corps Re- in San Antonio Monday and the 2,000 others Frank was a true American patriot. His love serve Capital Hill Unit. Sadly, his greatest mili- outside the church. He was a man of great and pride for his country was evident to all tary accolade might have come posthumously conviction and perseverance, a veteran who who knew him. when his country called, he as he was awarded the Silver Star by Navy fought for his country in Vietnam, a leader in answered and fought hardÐputting his life on Secretary John Dalton at his funeral Monday. the Hispanic-American community of San An- the line. He knew the price of freedom and did The former high school dropout later re- tonio and a credit to this governing body. not shirk from it. turned to school and achieved academic prow- Throughout his life, Frank Tejeda embodied There is no question that he served the 28th ess that some probably thought impossible. the qualities of a strong work ethic, rigorous District of Texas and the citizens of our coun- He earned his undergraduate degree at St. discipline and great honor. During his 4-year try very well. I know he will be missed by all Mary's University. He then received his Juris tour of duty in Vietnam, Frank distinguished those who were fortunate to come into contact Doctorate from Boalt Hall School of Law at the himself as a marine of the highest accord. with him over the years. University of California-Berkeley. As great as Wounded in battle, he was awarded a Purple We were all heartened at the way Frank re- these accomplishments were, his thirst for Heart and a Bronze Star, and continued while mained strong during his battle with cancer. knowledge didn't let him stop there. Instead, in Congress to serve the corps as a member Whenever I saw him in a committee hearing his quest would take him to the two most hal- of its reserves. or on the House floor, I realized just what kind lowed universities in our Nation. First, he grad- After his stint in Vietnam, Frank showed of devotion and commitment he had for his uated with an L.L.B. from Yale and later he re- great strength of character in attaining his service to his constituents and to his country. ceived his master's in public administration education. Despite dropping out of high school Mr. Speaker, we will all miss Frank Tejeda. from Harvard's famed Kennedy School of at the age of 17, he displayed the value of an I know, however, that his work in this body will Government. education by earning degrees from such es- serve as a lasting tribute to a man who de- Frank wanted to take his knowledge and teemed institutions as Saint Mary's University voted his life to public service. help people less fortunate than he. He ran for in San Antonio, the University of California- f the Texas Legislature and was first elected in Berkeley, Yale University, and the Kennedy 1976. He quickly made a name for himself in School of Government at Harvard. GENERAL LEAVE Austin where he was a strong advocate for mi- As a public servant, Frank always placed Mr. BECERRA. Mr. Speaker, I ask nority issues and fought hard for his beloved the needs of his constituents first. As a mem- unanimous consent that all Members February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H313 may have 5 legislative days within Mr. Speaker, some of the greatest when high school graduation rolls around. And which to revise and extend their re- support for higher standards comes as a mother of three grown children, I know marks on this special order in honor of from teachers and parents, but they that that time arrives before you know it. the late but great Congressman Frank cannot turn things around on their I strongly support these targeted tax cuts to Tejeda. own. They do need the Government’s make college more affordable. In addition, the The SPEAKER pro tempore. Is there help to ensure that every school is pre- Federal Government must maintain its com- objection to the request of the gen- pared for new challenges that await mitment to grant-based aid for those families tleman from California? them. Sadly, however, too many of our and students struggling just to get by each There was no objection. public schools are in no condition to day. The President recognizes this. That's why f meet these challenges. he has proposed to increase Pell grants from I would hope that my colleagues $2,700 to $3,000Ðthe largest increase in Pell THE PRESIDENT’S EDUCATION would check the physical conditions of grants in two decades. Over 3.6 million stu- INITIATIVE schools in their own area. I did, and dents now eligible would receive a much The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a found too many examples of unsafe needed $300 grant increase, and an additional previous order of the House, the gentle- conditions and serious overcrowding. 130,000 families could take advantage of the woman from New York [Mrs. LOWEY] is Last year I released a GAO report, Pell program. recognized for 5 minutes. along with my colleague in the Senate, Practically everyone in this body went to Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, I rise this CAROL MOSELEY-BRAUN, that confirmed college. That same opportunity should exist for afternoon in strong support of the what too many students and teachers all Americans. These proposals will help give President’s education initiative. Work- already know: that some of our Na- them that opportunity. ing together, the Congress and the tion’s schools are literally falling Mr. Speaker, the President's education plan White House can ensure that every 8- down. The problem is especially severe will make it clear once and for all that he is, year-old can read, every 12-year-old in New York City, where two-thirds of indeed, the Education President. I hope that work the Internet, and every 18-year- the schools reported that their envi- when the dust settles and the 105th Congress adjourns next year, this Congress will be old attend college. These are lofty ronment is inadequate for learning. known as the Education Congress. I will cer- goals. However, if we can fulfill them, Right now, not far from this Capitol tainly do what I can to make that happen. we will help ensure that the 21st cen- building, there are public schools that f tury, like the current one, is America’s were temporarily closed because they century. are unsafe. THE BALANCED BUDGET AMEND- Last night the President spoke of Mr. Speaker, the Nation’s adults are MENT AND SOCIAL SECURITY setting world-class educational stand- letting our children down. That is The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. ards. I wholeheartedly support this wrong, and it must change. Last year I COBLE). Under the Speaker’s announced goal. Setting high standards means introduced the School Infrastructure policy of January 7, 1997, the gen- challenging our teachers and students Improvement Act, which would have tleman from Wisconsin [Mr. NEUMANN] to be the very best they can be. It provided interest subsidies to schools is recognized for 60 minutes as the des- means challenging business to support to make needed repairs. I also offered ignee of the majority leader. education. It means challenging legis- an amendment in the Committee on Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, we are lators at every level to ensure that our Appropriations to provide $150 million here today really to talk about a very schools have the resources they need to to make urgent repairs in the most di- important issue. That is the issue of provide every child in America with a lapidated schools around the Nation. the balanced budget amendment and world-class education. Local communities can sometimes find how Social Security relates to that Mr. Speaker, I want to work with my it just too tough to do it on their own issue. colleagues on the Committee on Appro- and they need our help. TRIBUTE TO THE GREEN BAY PACKERS priations, Democrat and Republican, to In response, the President has an- Mr. Speaker, before I begin on that ensure that the Federal Government nounced that his budget will include $5 issue, I would like to take just a mo- lives up to its commitment to edu- billion to help finance $20 billion in ment to pay special tribute to my idea cation. school construction and repair over the of some real American heroes, the In the President’s State of the Union, next 4 years. This money can also be world champion Green Bay Packers. I the President announced the America used to help link our schools to the would like to express our personal Reads initiative, which will harness Internet so that one day soon every 12- thanks to the players, Coach the volunteer spirit of our citizens and year-old will be able to walk into his Holmgren, General Manager Ron Wolf, the knowledge of our Nation’s edu- classroom or school library and link up President Bob Harlan, and thousands of cators to ensure that every fourth- with the Library of Congress or a local faithful friends all across this country grader can read on his or her own. university, or a national newspaper, or and the Packers as a whole who have I am proud that a college in my dis- a student on the other side of the now reestablished themselves as world trict, Pace University, is one of the 60 world. I am working closely with the champions in the football world. colleges that has already pledged to President on this initiative and plan to There is more to this than just the place work-study students in tutoring introduce legislation to help make it football world, and I think that is im- programs. This initiative epitomizes happen. portant. While winning the Super Bowl the types of activities we all should en- The President's education vision also in- is exciting, far more credit should be courage and support: students working cludes affordable college for every student. given to the Green Bay players, who their way through college by helping to His plan includes a series of monumental stu- serve as role models for young people improve the lives of their neighbors’ dent aid initiatives that will ensure that cost is in our communities in Wisconsin. Par- children. no longer an obstacle to a college degree. ents can help their children understand My home State of New York is well His $1,500 HOPE scholarships, available for the importance of living their values on its way to setting rigorous academic 2 years of college, will put a community col- by pointing to role models who are also standards for all children. New York’s lege degree within reach of every family. More on this Green Bay Packers team, such plan will challenge every school to than 4 million lower- and middle-income stu- as Reggie White. Reggie’s success on graduate every student with a diploma dents would be helped by these scholarships. the football field has not distorted his that businesses and colleges will recog- Families can opt instead for an annual Judeo-Christian values. The fame he nize as proof of a rigorous education. $10,000 tax deduction to help send their sons has earned as minister of defense has Those local schools that struggle at and daughters to college. In addition, families not led him to an immoral lifestyle. In- first will be given a helping hand and a could begin saving for their child's future col- stead, he has used his reputation and chance to improve, but no one gets a lege education while they are still young by resources to help those in need. He has free pass. I would encourage other opening a tax-free education saving account. set his goals high and worked hard to States to look at New York’s plan as These education IRA's will create investment reach them. He has kept his worldly they work on their own State’s stand- capital for business now, and provide tax free fame in perspective, and has used it to ards. withdrawals for college tuition down the road, share an eternal view. H314 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 I just want to add from a personal portant issue as it relates to the bal- ply takes that $65 billion and puts it di- perspective, as a parent of three teen- anced budget amendment, and that is rectly down here in the Social Security agers, it is truly a privilege to live in Social Security. I brought some charts trust fund. To me this is common the great State of Wisconsin, where we with me here to make sure that this sense. I come from a business world, have a world champion football team issue is as clear as possible here today. not the political world. In the business that also has players on it that as a The first chart I brought with me world if we tell people that we have a parent we can point to those players shows the actual dollars being col- pension fund that we expect to make and say, yes, they are the role models lected out of the paychecks of all payments to you in the future and I that we would like to see our children Americans and put into the Social Se- need to set money aside for it, I cannot grow up like. curity trust fund. Today the Social Se- set aside IOU’s. I have to set aside real When I look at people like Reggie curity account is literally going to col- dollars. White, it is very easy for me to tell my lect $418 billion from the taxpayers in The Social Security Preservation Act 13-year-old son Matt that we would the United States of America. They are would require that the Federal Govern- like to see you express some of those going to write out checks to our senior ment set aside real dollars as opposed same values that Reggie White will- citizens for Social Security in the to spending those dollars on other gov- ingly shows after enduring some of the amount of about $353 billion. They are ernment programs and then putting football games. collecting $418, they are writing out nothing but IOU’s into the Social Secu- Mr. Speaker, as a lifelong fan, I am checks for $353. rity trust fund. It is very important we very proud of the accomplishments of b 1445 do this because when there is a short- the Green Bay Packers this season. I fall in our ability to pay our checks to take even more pride in the character That leaves a $65 billion surplus in our senior citizens, when that happens and integrity of the players and coach- what they are collecting in the Social we are going to need a savings account es who use their lives to set an example Security system. The idea is we are to go to in order to keep making the for our young people in the great State supposed to establish a big kitty of payments to our senior citizens. of Wisconsin and elsewhere all across money. This kitty of money is to be So the Social Security Preservation America. used when there is not enough money Act is very, very straightforward. It That having been said, I would like coming in. simply says that that money that is to turn our attention and our focus to When the babyboom generation gets being collected for Social Security be a very important issue facing our Na- to retirement, sometime between now left in the Social Security trust fund as tion today. We are about to begin in and the year 2012, the money coming in opposed to being spent on other Gov- the House of Representatives the de- will be less than the money going out. ernment programs. Make no mistake bate on the balanced budget amend- And the idea is that, if we set this $65 about it. Today, today that surplus So- ment to the Constitution of the United billion aside, that money will then be cial Security money is being spent on States. I have heard a lot of people say, there in a savings account so when other Government programs. you do not really need an amendment there is a shortfall in the money com- I said when I started that we were to the Constitution, why do you not ing in, we can go to the savings, get rising to talk about the balanced budg- just balance the budget. Maybe I the money and continue making the et amendment and how Social Security should start there. payments to our senior citizens. That relates to it. So let me go next to how The people who say we do not need is how the system is supposed to work. this picture fits in with balancing the an amendment to the Constitution of It has been set up that way since Federal budget. the United States just plain ignore the 1983. Collect more money than we are When the Federal Government re- history around this city of Washington, paying back out to our seniors in bene- ports the debt each year or, rather, the D.C. In the Gramm-Rudman-Hollings fits, put it aside into a savings. After a deficit, that is the amount the Govern- Act, Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, II, period of time the savings account gets ment is spending more than it is tak- the budget deal of 1990, and the budget large enough so when there is a short- ing in. It is literally reporting the debt deal of 1992, Congresses and Presidents fall in the Social Security system, ei- after it uses the Social Security trust have repeatedly promised the Amer- ther because of a downturn in the econ- fund money. This is a slightly less than ican people that we would stop spend- omy or we reach the year 2012, which- honest way of reporting to the Amer- ing our children’s money, and all of ever occurs first, we can then go to the ican people what is really going on in those promises, one right after the savings account, get the money and our budget. next, have fallen way to too much continue making payments to our sen- Let me make this perfectly clear: In spending in Washington, DC. We cur- ior citizens. Unfortunately, that is not the year 1996, we reported a deficit to rently stand $5.3 trillion in debt. That quite what we are doing with our So- the American people of $106 billion. We translates into $20,000 for every man, cial Security money today. did not tell the American people that, woman, and child in the United States In fact what we are doing today is we in addition to that $106 billion, we of America. are taking that $65 billion, we are put- spent $65 billion out of the Social Secu- For a family of five like mine, I have ting it into a big Government check- rity trust fund. So when we report the three teenagers at home and my wife, book; that is to say, we are putting it deficit to the American people today, the Federal Government has literally in the Government’s general account. what we are doing is reporting the defi- borrowed $100,000 over basically the We all know the Government spends cit after we take the money out of the last 15 years. Families of five like mine more than what they have in their gen- Social Security trust fund. That is are going to pay about $600 every eral account each year, so what we are wrong. That practice needs to be month, every month, to do nothing but really doing is overdrawing the big stopped, and it is time that we the pay the interest on the Federal debt. Government checkbook. So we are tak- American people demand that Congress This is a practice that we as a nation ing that $65 billion, putting it into the act responsibly and start reporting an must stop if we wish to preserve the fu- big Government checkbook that is honest deficit to the American people. ture of this great Nation for our chil- overdrawn. The deficit last year was not really dren. If we wish to preserve the finan- Of course at the end of the year there just the blue area which was reported cial integrity of the future of this is no money to really put in the Social to the American people, the blue area country, we must stop spending more Security trust fund. So what we do in- in this chart. Rather, it was the blue money than we have and more money stead is simply write an IOU to the So- area plus the red area because that than the Federal Government brings cial Security trust fund. money belonged set aside in the Social in. I have proposed legislation out here, Security trust fund. Let me go to the To that end, the balanced budget that is the reason I am rising today. It next step and talk about the balanced amendment is being brought forward is called the Social Security Preserva- budget amendment to the Constitution here in the next 30 days. I rise today to tion Act, the Social Security Preserva- of the United States. speak in favor of the balanced budget tion Act. Here is what the Social Secu- When we pass a balanced budget amendment, and talk about a very im- rity Preservation Act does. It very sim- amendment to the Constitution of the February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H315 United States, what we are really say- not going to change because Mark Neu- I say it is absolutely essential to be ing to the American people is that we mann stands up here and talks about it honest with the seniors and to get that are going to take that blue area and re- in Washington, DC. This is only going money taken off budget so it is there duce it to zero. We are still going to be to change if the American people get for the seniors when they need it. It using the Social Security trust fund actively involved in this process. What does not change the ultimate outcome money when we say we are reaching a we need the viewers to do is to call any because when we get to the year balanced budget. This is wrong. This their Members of Congress and ask 2002, we are still going to be two or practice should not continue. them to become cosponsors of the So- three years beyond that before we can Let us talk about why this is going cial Security Preservation Act. It is ex- really get the budget balanced under on in our Nation today. The President tremely important that you do this in the present plan. talked about a budget last night in his the near future. If they do not hear Mr. NEUMANN. If I could just inter- State of the Union Address. When the from the American people, this will not rupt briefly here, the good news is that President talks about balancing the come about. we can do this without any dramatic budget in the year 2002, let me make We all need to understand, when this changes in the overall budget process. I this 100 percent clear, when the Presi- comes about, there is $104 billion of had some people in our conference even dent says he is going to balance the wasteful Washington spending that say to me, where are you going to get budget in the year 2002, what he means must be stopped. So we need to under- that extra money from. The reality is, is he is going to balance the budget by stand that this is not the most desir- because the economy is doing better taking $104 billion out of the Social Se- able Washington kind of bill that has than was originally anticipated, if we curity trust fund. If that is your idea of ever been introduced. But if the Amer- put the exact same budget on the floor a balanced budget, it surely is not my ican people honestly believe that we of the House of Representatives that idea of a balanced budget. should not be using the Social Security passed through here last year, it al- For the last 12 years, since 1983, year trust fund money to balance the budg- ready got enough votes to pass. If we in and year out, this Congress has been et, remember when the President pro- put that same bill on the floor, we can reporting a deficit that uses the Social poses this, he proposes that we use the at least start setting aside the prin- Security surplus money to mask or to $104 billion out of the Social Security cipal in the Social Security trust fund reduce the true size or the appearance trust fund. If you all think that is without doing anything different than of the deficit. So let me again make it wrong, then you need to get in touch we did before. Why is that? That is be- clear that, when the President proposes with your Members of Congress and let cause the economy is performing better a balanced budget in the year 2002, them know that you want them to be than was anticipated last March. So what he is not telling the American original cosponsors on the Social Secu- the difference between the March and people is that he fully intends to use rity Preservation Act. January, where we are at right now $104 billion out of the Social Security I see my friend from the State of today because the economy is doing trust fund to make the budget appear Washington has joined me here today. better, if we pass the same spending Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, will the as if it is balanced. levels that we had last year, we will in This is the practice that must be gentleman yield? Mr. NEUMANN. I yield to the gen- fact be able to put the Social Security stopped and our Social Security Pres- tleman from Washington. trust fund aside without doing any ad- ervation Act is the bill, is the piece of The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mr. ditional cuts. What we are really say- legislation that would stop it. COBLE). The gentleman from Wisconsin ing is that that additional revenue that Let me go a step further. There are is reminded to restrict his remarks to is being generated because the econ- two ways that we can correct this the Chair and not address the viewing omy is doing better, we just cannot go issue. There are two ways that we can audience. and spend that money on other waste- solve this problem. There are two ways The Chair recognizes the gentleman ful Washington spending. that we can stop the Federal Govern- from Washington [Mr. METCALF]. Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, that is ment from taking the money that is Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I apolo- the point. This is something that we supposed to be set aside for Social Se- gize. have an opportunity here, we have an curity and spending it on other Gov- Mr. METCALF. Mr. Speaker, I want- opportunity that is given us. And in ernment programs. ed to comment on this specifically be- the past, when we have had these little One way we can do it is to fix the cause I am one of the seniors we are extra amounts of money, they just got constitutional amendment so that talking about. I know, I know a lot spent. when we amend the Constitution, it about how they feel about this issue. That is absolutely immoral when we says to balance the budget but you The seniors that understand it are are desperately struggling to balance cannot use the Social Security money irate that their money is not being the budget. Here is a chance that we to do it. That is one way we could fix there collecting interest with nego- have, and I say that we must keep faith it. tiable instruments but it is being with the seniors and we must do this. I A second way is not a balanced budg- taken out to mask the size of the defi- very much appreciate Congressman et amendment to the Constitution but, cit. That is to fool the American people NEUMANN’s actions in helping to bring rather, through the balanced budget and tell them, let them think that the this before us. amendment to the Constitution, but deficit is much smaller than it actually Mr. NEUMANN. We are not alone on rather do it legislatively. Legislatively is. In the year 2002, when we arrive this. There are a lot of especially Mem- it is a very relatively simple matter to there, we are still going to be over $100 bers of last year’s freshman class that solve the problem. We simply say that billion a year still in a deficit position are working very, very hard on this the nonnegotiable Treasury bonds or unless we fix this and a couple of other issue. I sure appreciate the support. the IOU’s that are currently being put things. And more importantly, this is an issue into the trust fund must be negotiable I think we need to be honest with the for the American people. instruments or negotiable Treasury seniors. It is their money. They paid it The other thing that I would mention bonds. If we do that, what happens ef- in. They trusted the government to is, you mentioned that the senior citi- fectively is that we are now required to have that money there when they need zens are irate. When senior citizens report the true deficit to the people of it and the sign says it is about honesty. find out about this issue, last year they our Nation. And if we report the true That is exactly what it is about. sent in 60,000 letters in support of this deficit to the people in our Nation and We have to be honest with the Amer- bill. When I introduced it the first year then we balance the budget, we will at ican people. The problem is the Con- in Congress, my first year here in 1995, that time balance the budget without gress has over the years tried to obfus- when I first introduced it, I was basi- using the Social Security trust fund cate and confuse the issue of the defi- cally a lone voice. When people started money. cit, and it is time that we stand up and finding out that in fact this Social Se- I know there are a lot of viewers out say what it is and be honest about it curity trust fund money was being there in America watching this today. and then we can work toward an equi- spent to mask the true size of the defi- I have to tell you something. This is table solution in the long run. cit and in fact that in the President’s H316 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 budget proposal, in the President’s We still have many attorneys here, er, or a young person who views UFO’s budget proposal he intends to use this some of us are not attorneys, and quite as twice more likely than that there Social Security surplus money, the $104 proud of that fact. It is a good blend to will be money there in Social Security, billion right straight out of the Social have in it. You were in the housing this is a giant scam that most Amer- Security fund, he intends to use that to business, I was in the retail business, ican people are working out. Maybe we make it look like the budget is bal- and if we take something that is sup- cannot get the whole thing this year, anced, when the senior citizens across posed to be a pension fund, we have to but we want at least to get some steps, America found out what was going on, have it funded at more than 100 percent and we are down here pleading with our we received 60,000 letters in 1996. And I in a bank account or we go to jail. leadership, with the other body, to say have already received 25,000 letters of Now, Congress has conveniently ex- we have an opportunity. support of this bill from across Amer- empted themselves from that type of The President challenged us last ica. I have them in my hands. coverage or we would be in prison, be- night, many of the other party’s lead- So the senior citizens are very much cause you have a specific amount com- ership is challenging it. Hey, let us go in support of this legislation. I urge my ing out for FICA. It is called a trust do it. When they have a good idea, let colleagues to join me in support of the fund. We have passed separate bills us not argue over partisanship, let us Social Security Preservation Act. calling it a trust fund to act like it is say, hey, great idea, let us take Social I yield to the gentleman from Indi- there, but it is not. We spend it on Security off budget. We have been talk- ana, [Mr. SOUDER]. other things. That is a question of in- ing about this for years. Amen. Let us Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Speaker, I thought tegrity. get it done. this was the Green Bay Packers special Now, many people stand up here, in- So I commend your leadership, and order. cluding our distinguished President we can continue to talk here and work Mr. NEUMANN. We did do the Green last night, and challenged us about So- with this, but I will yield back here Bay Packer special order. I would be cial Security and this question. But and see if you want me to join at an- happy to do it again. We do have the one thing that happens in Washington, other point. world champion Green Bay Packers in I am not saying him or anybody in par- Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I see Wisconsin, and we are very proud of ticular, but talk is real cheap. You can another good friend, my colleague from them. go like this pretty easily. The question Oklahoma, Mr. COBURN. Mr. SOUDER. The Pack is back, and is, What are the actions? What are you Mr. COBURN. Mr. Speaker, I am glad I appreciate your cheerleading for that. actually doing? to be here with you gentlemen. I just When we were over in Israel, you had You are standing down there in the wanted to add a quote that was made this special Green Bay Packers flag well. You have introduced this bill in in, I believe 1935, a Senator James you brought over there. You wanted to the last Congress. It is not something Wadsworth asked, when they were con- get a picture with the Prime Minister you just invented as a tactical maneu- templating the Social Security Sys- with it. You have been a Packer enthu- ver for the balanced budget debate. tem, he said, ‘‘In what kind of country siast for so long, it is great to see them You presented a budget to this Con- are our grandchildren going to live? back. gress that I and 88 others voted for that Mr. NEUMANN. As I said in my origi- Shall it be a free country, or one in had Social Security off budget, proving which the citizen is taught to be de- nal remarks here today, it is more than that it can be done. We did not just just about football. It is about people pendent upon the Government?’’ talk, we acted. We need to ask that question today, achieving excellence and receiving the A number of us voted against our but we also need to ask another ques- recognition that goes with achieving party’s budget last year because we tion. How can we continue to meet the that excellence. And more importantly were concerned that the additional current obligations of the Social Secu- than that, it is about having a team spending was being spent. Excuse me, rity system and the current obligations with people on it that we can, as par- when they had additional revenue com- of the Federal Government as long as ents, point to and say, that is the role ing in, instead of putting it on the defi- we continue to mask what the real model I would like to have my kids see cit, they spent it. So we voted against problem is? We have to get back to growing up. We have people like Reggie that budget. We have been consistent White, who are not afraid to show the in trying to hold against that. being honest about our problems before Judeo-Christian value system that our We also got ourselves in a little trou- we can ever hope to solve them. young people can look to and say, that ble by coming down with a 1.9-percent The people in my district know we is how I want to turn out, too. amendment to actually reduce the did not have a budget deficit of $104 bil- Mr. SOUDER. Many of the themes spending. Many of the people who are lion last year. We had a budget deficit that we have in community involve- now saying, oh, let us take this $65 bil- of $170 billion. We said that the entire ment and individual involvement to lion this year and take it off budget. time. First of all, one of the problems see a small size city owned by many Where were they? Now, some of them with the Congress is a crisis of con- people and the commitment to that in were there from the other party as well fidence because we have not spoken the this day and age of transient commit- as our party, but many of them who truth. The fact is we spent $170 billion ments and that type of thing is very re- have been talking about this, where more last year than we took in. freshing. But I also wanted to support were they on these tough decisions? Part of that money was revenue that your efforts on the Social Security off We have been there. You have been a was raised and was supposed to be budget bill that you have introduced leader with this. We are trying to do raised so at some point in the future and continue to work with. this. This is not something new we in- we would be able to make the obliga- If I could make a couple of points re- vented. This is not even new to us. I tions under the Social Security sys- iterating the points that you have used to work for U.S. Senator DAN tem. made. That is, I have heard you make COATS. He introduced in 1980 in this People in my district believe there a number of these, even though I body a bill to take Social Security off should have been a trust fund estab- missed some of this presentation, so I budget. This has been our party’s ini- lished. Now, whether there was or not, assume there is some overlap but I tiative. We need to be in the forefront we know there was not a trust fund es- want to say amen to what you have of this. This is fundamental principle. tablished, but the expectation is that been doing and taking leadership, I commend your leadership. There is money should have been there and it along with Congressman DAVID no money there. Some people say, oh should have been invested wisely. And MCINTOSH of Indiana. well, this does not replace all the funds the corollary, along with all the other and there are different ways we can do moneys, had we invested them prop- b 1500 this. There is a new movie, this Jerry erly, we would not have this problem. And that is that a lot of this is a McGuire movie says, ‘‘Show me the So the most important thing about question of integrity. And a lot of the money. Where is it at?’’ There is no your bill is the fact that we honestly reason many of us came to Washington money there. deal with our problems. We owe it to is we were unhappy with the way Whether you are just coming into the the people of this country who are de- things were being done. system, whether you are a baby boom- pendent on Social Security, we owe it February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H317 to the children who are not yet born over the last 15 years, and then reas- they give you a best case scenario, we who will be paying into this system to sure the solvency of the Social Secu- are probably looking at the year 2005, not mask our Federal deficit any rity trust fund. 2006. longer by confusing the issue and not Mr. COBURN. One other thing that I This is not a long-term problem but accounting for the money that we bor- think is important that I would want rather it is a very short-term problem. row, sometimes steal, that should have the American public to know, is we And I would just add it could be short- been allocated for the Social Security cannot let chairmen of committees not er than that. If we had an economic system. speak truthfully about this problem. It downturn next year, and it was reason- So I want to encourage you. I think is important that they ask the ques- ably severe, we could hit a shortfall in we have to have this as part of the so- tion of their elected representative of the Social Security account as early as lution to the problems on Social Secu- the truth about whether or not the def- next year if the economy were to go rity, but also part of the problem in icit is really $107 billion or is it more into a recession. solving the problem with our budget than that. That is why I am so concerned that deficit and spending more than what It is also important that they ask this issue get addressed right now, we actually have. their representative when they go to today, in this year’s budget. Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. Speaker, I thank vote on the budget whether or not we Mr. SOUDER. There are other things the gentleman, and I certainly could took that into consideration as we con- compounding this as well, and correct not agree with his comments more. It sidered that budget, and not allow the me and add to this if you have addi- is about honesty, it is about integrity politics as usual, the careerism, to tional information, and that is that and being straightforward with the wave this off and say this is a nonissue. people are living longer than originally American people, certainly telling the This is at the heart of the issue: being projected in Social Security. American people we have a $107 billion honest about what our real problems Furthermore, the longer you live, deficit, and then going and getting $65 are so we can attack and solve them, and Congressman COBURN, as a doctor, billion more out of the Social Security not just for us and not just for those knows this, there are more things that trust fund. seniors today, but for the children and go wrong that are very expensive. It is That is inappropriate behavior and the young people who are going to be one thing to replace your heart once, has been going on since 1983, I might seniors tomorrow. multiple times, other organs, but we add. And now it is incumbent upon the Mr. SOUDER. Mr. Speaker, I wanted have incorporated other programs in- Republicans to stop this practice from to ask the gentleman from Wisconsin, side Social Security. And so those who continuing as we go forward. It is our to draw out a point here, and that is just say we can handle this on a cash job as Republicans not to look the that people who have followed this de- basis are a little naive. other way from a practice that is clear- bate understand this, and I assume Other people say, well, if you just ly wrong and just let it go on. It is our that it has been touched on and we bump the age of retirement a couple job as Republicans to turn this thing have talked around it here, but the rea- more years, that would fix it. But look around and let us start doing it right, son there is a surplus is because there at this assumption they have. That as- let us start setting that money aside. are more people paying in now, but we sumes there is no change in the age I might just add that if this had been are headed to a point down the road that people are dying. If you bump the done right over the last 12 or 14 years here where there is not going to be retirement age by 2 years but through here, there would currently be $550 bil- enough money and we will have a big health advances they die 4 years later, lion sitting aside in the Social Secu- shortfall. we are actually facing a bigger short- rity trust fund today, and the amount Mr. NEUMANN. Right. Today, there fall than we currently have. would grow by $65 billion in this year are three people for every one person A lot of the things that are trying to alone. So it would be up over $600 bil- drawing out of the Social Security sys- be put out to explain away this prob- lion in a savings account to protect the tem. By the year 2010 it will be two lem are actually good arguments that Social Security system for our senior people for every one person drawing it could be much worse than it actually citizens right now, today. out. is. I would add one more step. I have not You can see how that very rapidly Mr. COBURN. Well, thank goodness forgotten about that $600 billion. It is reaches a point where you cannot take for our health care system, because in not in my bill currently, but we did enough money out of that one pay- fact we have increased longevity to a have legislation on the floor last year, check, or those two paychecks, to pay tremendous amount, and that has been and it will be reintroduced, that we one person’s Social Security. That is a detriment on the Social Security would be able to pay that $600 billion the problem. Long term, there is a trust fund in terms of how they cal- back to the Social Security trust fund shortfall and we have an inability to culated what was going to be needed. to get this fund solvent the way it is pay the amount out in Social Security But we should not get tied up in that supposed to be. that has been promised to our senior issue. The issue is, is it ethical to say The way we would do that is pretty citizens. that our deficit is $107 billion when in straightforward. After we reach a bal- This really brings into the discussion fact it is $172 billion. That is why peo- anced budget, we would recommend the people that are in their 40s and 50s. ple lack confidence in this body, is be- that we cap spending increases at the This honesty issue and this reporting it cause we do not have the courage to of- Federal Government level at a rate 1 straightforward and setting the money tentimes make the tough decisions be- percent below the rate of revenue aside, it is not only about the senior cause we will not face up to the facts. growth. So if revenue goes up by 5 per- citizens of today, it is about people in The American public needs to know cent—remember, revenue goes up be- their forties and fifties who are today that the deficit is much larger than cause of inflation and real growth in putting about $12 out of every $100 they what they have been taught and it is the economy—so if revenue goes up by earn into this Social Security account much larger because of moneys bor- 5 percent, we would simply cap Govern- with the expectation that when they rowed from payments into the Social ment spending increases at 4 percent, get there, when they are 65, 66, 67, that Security system. It needs to stop. It probably still faster than the rate of they will then receive their Social Se- needs to stop because we owe that hon- inflation. curity checks. You see, if we do not ac- esty to the American public. Since spending is going up, if you cumulate this kitty the money will not And I thank the gentleman from Wis- have a balanced budget, spending goes be there to make good on their checks. consin for allowing me to participate. up slower than revenue growth, you I can give my colleagues some dates Mr. NEUMANN. I had an interesting have created a small surplus. And that on this. By the year 2012, in the year experience along the honesty and in- surplus, of course, grows each year 2012 there is no longer enough money tegrity line. I was doing an interview, that you follow this program. That sur- coming in to make the payments back and the person on the other end of the plus is the money that we need to put out, and that assumes a solid economy. phone said to me, ‘‘Is this really true?’’ the funds back into the trust fund that That is kind of a best case scenario. It was like they were in disbelief that was supposed to have been put there And we all know in Washington when the President would actually take $104 H318 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 billion out of the Social Security trust would be if that match was not going could go into a savings account on fund to try to make it look like his in there. their behalf to build for their own re- budget was balanced. They were almost So we are not only spending the tirement for them to take care of in a state of disbelief. amount you are putting in, we are themselves when they reach the age of I brought with me this morning, it is spending the amount that the em- 65. a Washington Times article on January ployer is putting in. This devastating We cannot do that today. The reason 18, 1997. The headline reads ‘‘Clinton tax would cripple our economic system. we cannot even begin that discussion Budget to Use Trust Funds, Social Se- Some people say, oh, there would be today is because that money that is curity Surplus Added In.’’ I mean, politically an uproar if we tried to supposed to be here in the Social Secu- there is absolutely no question that change benefits and not do it. Quite rity trust fund has been spent on other when the President says he is going to frankly the baby boomers, I was born Government programs and there is balance the budget in the year 2002, in 1950, we are going to be the biggest nothing there except for a bunch of that what the President means is he is voting block when we are there and we IOU’s. If the Social Security Preserva- going to balance the budget by taking do not intend to starve and the people tion Act is put into place and we can $140 billion out of the Social Security who would have to pay our way are our accumulate this kitty of money so we trust fund to make it look like it is kids and they are not going to intend can honestly look our senior citizens in balanced. to pay all of this if the Government de- the face and say, ‘‘Yes, your Social Se- If anybody has any doubts on the ac- faults. The bottom line is we will prob- curity is safe,’’ then and only then can curacy of this, this is a very good arti- ably bankrupt the country unless we we begin some of these other conversa- cle. His Treasury person was in talking do this because we will be a huge vot- tions that are currently going on here and he says, ‘‘We will include it. I ing block, much bigger than the cur- in Washington, DC. think Congress is correct to include it rent senior citizens. It is a devastating This is not just about seniors. Just in deficit calculations.’’ And he just outlook if we do not have the courage think what it would mean for our goes on and on about the fact that we to face up to the integrity of the prob- working families if they could take should be using the Social Security lem now. some of that money that is already trust fund money. Mr. NEUMANN. I think the gen- being set aside and they could put it I have also noticed something that is tleman is bringing up a good point aside in their own behalf to take care very different here in Washington ver- here. This issue is not just an issue for of themselves in retirement. sus our townhall meetings back in Wis- seniors or even just an issue for people This is a bill that really crosses all consin. When I go through this issue that are 40 and over hoping to get So- age groups. It is in the people under 40, back in our townhall meetings back in cial Security. it is in the people from 40 to 60 who are Wisconsin, everybody agrees that the Let us talk for a minute about the hoping to get Social Security, and it money should be set aside. impact of the Social Security Preser- most certainly is affecting our senior b vation Act on our people that are citizens of today where if we have an 1515 under the age of 40. Right now today economic downturn there is not going But out here in Washington there are with no money in the Social Security to be enough money coming in and a whole bunch of people who believe trust fund, these discussions that they there is supposed to be a savings ac- that Social Security is a pay-as-you-go are having about letting them privatize count there that is full of IOU’s instead system, that we do not need to set that it or letting the people keep their own of cash. All generations here are im- money aside, that after all we are col- money in their own account, all of pacted by this issue. lecting it this year, so why should we those discussions are not going to hap- Mr. SOUDER. As the gentleman al- not spend it this year. pen. The reason is because no one but luded to, it is a very pro-family policy Then I ask them, what about 2004, no one can go to our seniors and say, to try to be honest about this, because 2005 when there is not enough money ‘‘I’m sorry, you don’t get Social Secu- most families in America have both coming in? What are the choices going rity anymore.’’ That is not going to parents working. Many of us, including to be in 2004 or 2012 in the best case sce- work. me, have a child in college. You are nario? It is going to be to go into our Let me paint a different scenario. trying to meet all the demands of your families’ paychecks and take more tax Suppose the Social Security Preserva- kids for this and you are working your dollars out so we can continue making tion Act had been in place since 1983 head off and you do not know how in those Social Security checks. The sec- and in this kitty of money, this Social the world you are going to set aside ond choice is to reduce our Social Se- Security trust fund, there was now $550 much and we just kind of assume that curity benefits to our seniors. I person- billion, real money, and it is actually when we get to retirement age, Social ally find both of those choices unac- there. Then we could go to the senior Security is going to be there even if we ceptable. That is why we have got to citizens and say, ‘‘Look, there is a sav- have some savings of our own, which solve this problem today. ings account. Your Social Security many families do not have the luxury Mr. SOUDER. I am not sure at what check is safe.’’ of doing, particularly the poorer the point, perhaps the gentleman would I am going to talk to these people family the more dependent they are on know this more, but as I have heard, under the age of 40. Some of them this. The FICA tax comes out, no mat- there is a point out here where the would like to put their own money into ter what income you are at, we take FICA tax alone could be around 43 per- their own Social Security trust fund out the Social Security, and those peo- cent, depending on where the shortfall and take some of the responsibility on ple who are struggling and barely mak- is. This is not just a small matter, it is themselves for their own retirement. ing it and drowning day to day and try- a budget-busting matter that we have We are talking about families here that ing to figure out how to pay their car been able to disguise this and lulled work every day of the week, these fam- bill, insurance bill and health insur- into this because of the number of peo- ilies who get up in the morning every ance and their housing costs and all ple working versus the people in the re- morning and go to work, work hard for this type of thing are watching it get tirement system. But a day of reckon- a paycheck and they are struggling to drained into a system so it can be used ing is coming. The longer we wait, the make it from week to week and pay- as part of a general government pro- tougher the reckoning. check to paycheck. gram. How is that pro-family? Not only do individuals pay into this What we would be doing is going to What is pro-family is to provide what but a lot of people may not be aware those people and saying, look, they are it is supposed to be, is a security net that their employer is matching it. If already putting $12 and some cents for when you are older so you can try you are self-employed, you know you aside out of every $100 you earn. Why to use your current income, the rest of have to pay both halves, and that one do you not take some of that money it, on living and trying to get above of the things I personally think we and put it into an account to take care water. We are going to be in a state of ought to be doing as a country and in- of yourself in your own retirement, so shock, those about to come into the dividual employers ought to be doing is it would be money that is already com- system. Based on the gentleman’s num- showing what an individual’s check ing out of their paychecks, that now bers, it could be as early as those in February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H319 the late 50’s, certainly those of us who how Social Security relates to the bal- How does that relate to the balanced are boomers, in the mid 40’s and down, anced budget amendment and a couple budget and the balanced budget amend- we are going to be in a state of shock of ways to correct the problem that ex- ment that is currently under discus- if somebody says, ‘‘Well, you’re only ists. sion here? Let me start with the Presi- going to have half of it there.’’ Then I just start through that the Social dent’s State of the Union Address last pretty soon somebody says, ‘‘None of it Security system today is collecting night. Let me just make it 100 percent there.’’ $418 billion. It is paying out to our sen- clear that when the President talks You are going to say, ‘‘You mean I’ve ior citizens in benefits $353 billion. about balancing the budget, he is talk- worked all my life, and we scraped by That is right, it is collecting more than ing about still using that money from and watched these dollars be taken it is paying out by $65 billion. That $65 the Social Security trust fund, $104 bil- out, and I gave up certain things and billion is supposed to create a savings lion in 2002, to reach what he calls a now it isn’t there?’’ What does the account, a kitty of money, a growing balanced budget. word trust fund mean? kitty of money. The reason we are Let me just say that once more so it Mr. NEUMANN. It is an improper doing that of course is because as more is 100 percent clear. When the Presi- practice. Both of us came out of the people reach retirement age you have dent says he is balancing the budget in business world. If either of us had set got fewer dollars coming in and more the year 2002, what he means is he is up a pension fund and we said to our dollars going out. At the time when taking $104 billion out of the Social Se- employees, ‘‘You’re going to get this these two numbers cross, when there is curity trust fund to make the budget pension when you retire,’’ and then we not enough money coming in to make look like it is balanced. That practice put IOU’s in the pension fund instead good on the Social Security checks, we is wrong and it is going to lead to a So- of real money, first off they would ar- are supposed to have this savings ac- cial Security system that is just basi- rest both of us in the private sector for count sitting there that we then go to, cally insolvent as we go forward. doing it, but secondly our employees get the money and make good on the So what are we doing about this? The would revolt back against the policy Social Security promises that have Social Security Preservation Act that we were establishing. been made to our senior citizens. myself and many others in this Con- That is where we are at on this issue. The idea is that that money is sup- gress are introducing would require The American people need to under- posed to be set aside. Unfortunately that we balance the budget by actually stand the issue and then respond to what the Federal Government is doing eliminating all of the deficit, including help all of us in Washington get the today is taking that $65 billion, putting the Social Security deficit. message just how important this issue it into the general fund or their big A lot of people have said to me, is. Government checkbook. They over- ‘‘Well, MARK, you can’t do that.’’ So Mr. SOUDER. Last year we even had draw that checkbook each year. That our Social Security Preservation Act a debate here on the House floor be- would require that we actually reach a is the deficit. Since there is no money cause there was a proposal that in the true zero, not just a zero that appears left at the end of the year, they put private pension programs from busi- balanced while still using the Social IOU’s down here in the Social Security ness, to lower the percent of, I think it Security money as the President has trust fund instead of putting real dol- was 145 percent down to 125 percent. proposed. lars down in the trust fund. Some of us had grave reservations A lot of people have said, ‘‘Well, how The bill that we have introduced about that. Yet here with zero percent, are you going to go about doing that? called the Social Security Preservation here we had this huge ruckus on this Doesn’t that mean we have to cut $104 Act, again this is not Einstein kind of floor about whether businesses could billion more money out of the budget?’’ stuff, I come from the business world lower the percent beyond 100 that is in First let me go over the ‘‘cut’’ word. where you have to learn how to make reserve. In our own program we have Even if we did this exactly as I have it cash flow work. The bill that we are zero. laid out here, spending would still in- Mr. NEUMANN. Does the gentleman proposing, the Social Security Preser- crease each and every year from now see the irony in that debate? I know vation Act, very simply says take that through 2002. Spending would still go they ran ads against both of us saying $65 billion and put it down here in the up, so there is no, quote, cuts in overall we had reduced the pension funds when trust fund instead of spending it on Government spending even if this is in reality what was done is those pen- other Government programs. It is a put into place. sion funds were required to keep not very straightforward bill. Instead of But there is more good news. A lot of enough money to pay the pensions but spending the money on other Govern- people in Washington would tell me enough money to pay the pensions and ment programs and putting IOU’s in that we cannot do this because the a 25-percent cushion. That is what that the trust fund, put real dollars down budget we passed last year was so debate was about last year. Instead, if there in the trust fund so there is tough that we cannot go any farther on they had used those same resources to something there to guarantee and pro- reducing spending. First, I do not be- actually solve the Social Security tect our senior citizens. lieve that. I believe there is still a lot problem, can you imagine how much How does that relate to the balanced of wasteful spending. But second, be- farther ahead we would be as a nation? budget amendment? When the Federal cause the economy is doing better than To honestly solve a real problem that Government reports to the American anticipated, we have additional reve- is facing this country, not a pension people how much more money it is nues coming into the Federal Govern- fund that is funded at a level necessary spending than what it is taking in, that ment that will allow us to pass this to pay the benefits plus a 25-percent is, the deficit each year, what they are piece of legislation without doing any cushion, but rather they turned their reporting is the amount that they spending reductions beyond what was attention and focused on the Social Se- overspend what they have in their already proposed last year. That is to curity issue where there are zero dol- checkbook but they are not telling the say, if we passed the budget that has lars in the trust fund, and zero dollars American people about the fact that already passed both the House and the in that pension fund, not 100 percent of after that, there is another $65 billion Senate, we can at least set aside the what they need plus a 25-percent cush- they have taken out of the Social Secu- surplus money that is coming in this ion but in this case zero, would it not rity trust fund. So in addition to the year in the Social Security system and have been great if they had used those deficit that is reported to the Amer- also in 2002. That is, if we pass the resources to help us solve this problem ican people, they are taking an addi- budget that we passed last year again, instead? tional $65 billion out of the trust fund we will in fact be able to put the Social I think I should maybe walk back that they are not reporting. Security money aside in 2002 without through this once more. This is an issue about honesty and in- doing anything different than what has Mr. SOUDER. I think it would be tegrity and being straightforward with already passed through the House of very good for people who came in part the American people. The fact of the Representatives and the Senate last way through. matter is that when we report a $107 year. Mr. NEUMANN. We are dealing with billion deficit, the reality is the deficit This is an exciting time in history. the balanced budget amendment and is $172 billion. We are about to do something that is H320 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 clearly right and necessary for the fu- Anybody who is on a variable rate been in order and responsible in our ture of this great Nation we live in, for mortgage understands that when the own country and refuse to deal with our children’s future. We have for gen- Government did not borrow that $30 our deficit. We have become foreign de- erations, since 1969, we have as a gov- billion, it stayed available in the pri- pendent, which is not where we want to ernment spent more money than we vate sector and therefore interest rates be as a nation. So it not only entails are taking in. We are on the verge of went lower, that their mortgage pay- our interest rate, it entails a lot of changing our most sacred document as ment is lower. But it is even further other issues that are relative to the a Nation, the Constitution of the Unit- than that. When the interest rates budget and very disconcerting. ed States. This is a very serious matter stayed down, more people were able to And you raised a very important that is being addressed here when you afford to buy houses and cars and when point now twice that people need to un- go to change the Constitution of the people bought more houses and cars, derstand that we have been through United States of America. Does it need other people had to go to work and this with CBO and OMB and we spent a changing? I would only point to the build the houses and cars, and that lot of time in meetings discussing this. fact that as a government we have not really is what this is all about. It is But when they take a pessimistic or at- been able to restrain ourselves since really about providing opportunities tempt to in the CBO scoring of the 1969. We as a people, and when we say for those people to leave the welfare growth rate, knowing that somewhere a government, it is really the Amer- rolls and go into the work force and along the line there is going to be a re- ican people, we have not been able to have an opportunity to live the Amer- cession and that they do not project do what is right for the future of this ican dream. that because they average, I think, a Nation. This problem has been build- That is what this is all about. It is 1.9. We update these things three times ing. We have gotten away with it from about my children’s future, and if I get a year, I think it is, and in that process 1969 until today. excited talking about this issue, it is every time the growth rate comes in We need the balanced budget amend- because when I see growing deficits and better we spend the money. We do not ment because the track record indi- growing debts that has accumulated to even keep the seed corn for a recession cates we cannot do it without the bal- $5.3 trillion I see the end of America as in this 2002 plan—really is not realistic anced budget amendment. When it is in we know it today. I see economic prob- because last year we spent more money our Constitution, when it is in our lems that we are passing on to our chil- when the growth rate was higher, so most sacred document, that we must dren that cannot be resolved, and then what do we do in a year when the stop spending more money than we are when we start talking about balancing growth rate is lower? taking in, that we must restore the fi- the budget and we see this working Now compound that over time and nancial stability for the future of this model where reducing spending has ac- what you are in effect saying is we great Nation for our children’s future, tually led to lower interest rates, pro- have had a good boom period, we have when that happens, we will get the job ducing more home sales and car sales, this huge thing hanging over our head done by 2002. And we will not do it the producing more job opportunities in in the Social Security trust fund, we way the President suggested, by taking the private sector, well, I know that is have a national debt that is tremen- $104 billion out of the Social Security the future of America we are talking dous even without future obligations trust fund to try and make it look like about. I know that my kids, when— like Social Security, we are worried somehow we have balanced the budget. they are all teenager now. If all three how we are going to pay Medicare, we b 1530 of them are teenagers, I know that is are worried how we are going to pay We will not do it that way; we will do for my three teenagers to have a job the veterans, we are worried how we it the right way, we will do the honest opportunity. are going to pay railroad retirement, way and the straightforward way for That is what balancing the budget is how we are going to meet our Govern- the good of the future of this great Na- about. It is about keeping the interest ment employees things. tion we live in. rates down so people can afford to buy So what do we do when we finally And I want to just go one step fur- houses and cars, and the people who have a good growth period and we fi- ther. I think it is important that we build those houses and cars have job nally have some money? We spend it. If talk about what has happened over the opportunities, so my children have a they would have been using the money last 2 years and how significant bal- chance to live the American dream just that we gained in this past year, if not ancing the budget is to the American as my wife and I have had during our to retire the debt, which I believe they people. Sometimes this gets lost in generation. should have been doing, then it should kind of Washington jargon that this is That is what balancing the budget— have been in the Social Security or get all about just the future; it is not that is what this issue is really all the Social Security off. It is not as about today. Well, I would like to point about. hard as people say, but it is harder if out that over the last 2 years we have Mr. SOUDER. In addition, and this is every time you want to run for office reduced the deficit to the lowest num- really good straight talk about the you want to promise a new program ber it has been in a generation. As a budget because these issues get so con- and you have a new idea to spend matter of fact, for the first time in 30 fusing, and from time to time we need money out of Washington rather than years we took $30 billion out of the ap- to have some of this kind of stuff be- paying the debts that are accumulating propriations process. That has not hap- cause part of the goal of politicians and the future obligations that are ac- pened in the last 30 years, and that is often is to confuse matters, to obscure cumulating over your head. It is that not Washington mumbo jumbo. They what is underneath, and I think this for campaign season you need a new actually reduced spending in the appro- has been very good straight talk be- program, because unless you have a priations process by $30 billion. cause in addition to the interest rate, new program you are afraid you will Well, what happened when we re- because to some degree we have had a not get reelected, and it is one of the duced spending by $30 billion at the somewhat stable interest rate even tough things we are dealing with here Federal Government level? Well, that with this deficit which has confused in Washington because our promises meant the Federal Government bor- matters. But there is another way to are outrunning our funding. rowed $30 billion less out of the private do it too, and that is to sell off your Mr. NEUMANN. Mr. SOUDER, I just sector. Still sounds Washington-like. country because of your trade imbal- concluded a story that: It is a true Let me go the next step: ances because we have partly disguised story, where at a basketball game in When the Government did not take and kept interest rates down by bring- Delavan, WI where my teenage son was that money out of the private sector ing in foreign money through trade im- playing, and I looked over at my wife there was more money in the private balances and then we start selling in and she was holding a baby of one of sector. When there is more money the Midwest and Indiana and Wiscon- our friends, one of the teachers of the available, the interest rates stay down. sin. parochial school where my son attends, When the rates stayed down that is These are huge issues about compa- and I looked over at her with that baby good for the whole economy, in par- nies being taken over, about farm land on her lap and I mean I am supposed to ticular for our American citizens. being taken over because we have not be thinking about the basketball game. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H321 But my mind wanders back out here to this Nation if they then have to face But we must go further than that, Washington, and I could not help but the burden of the balanced budget on and we come to this Congress to go be- think what these issues mean to that their backs. yond our respective constituencies and baby that was sitting on Sue’s lap, So I know we will have a vigorous de- localized communities. We must work where we have already borrowed bate, we want to have a future for this toward universal access to the $20,000. We, our generation, has bor- Nation, and I think it is key that we Internet. We must be vigilant in our ef- rowed $20,000 that we are going to pass recognize that we might have different forts to promote software and hard- on to that baby. perspectives, and clearly I think we ware innovations. When I talk to my That is not right and it is not fair. should exempt Social Security from teachers, they emphasize that the in- This issue is not just about numbers that so that we can have an upright frastructure is so very important that and budget. It is a moral issue. How and a fair discussion on this issue and, they need the software. We must not can we as a Nation, how can we as a in fact, preserve a future for our chil- forget that. We must have our children generation, possibly justify that we are dren. accessing material that is valuable and taking that child’s money, that poor Having said that, I am gratified valued. I have learned that there are a old baby sitting on my wife’s lap, how today for the reason that I have come, number of software and hardware tech- can we justify taking that baby’s and that is to capture the spirit of the nologies which if employed will also money and spending it on our programs President’s message, but the work of so block the ability of our young users to today, and how can we justify saying many of my colleagues and myself ac- access Web sites that may not be ap- we are balancing the budget by taking knowledging the importance of the ac- propriate for them. $104 billion out of the Social Security cess of the Internet to all of our chil- In addition, the use of network sys- Trust Fund knowing full well that dren. So I rise today, Mr. Speaker, to tems by school districts can also pro- what that means is that when that introduce a sense of the Congress reso- vide protection for the Internet’s baby reaches the work force, when it is lution regarding the outstanding youngest and most valid users. We in time for that baby to have the oppor- achievements of NetDay, the NetDay Congress must work to provide these tunity to live the American dream, to organization. important protective features to users have a chance at the American dream, I, along with many Members of the of the national information infrastruc- that young child—what we are doing is House, have become acquainted with ture as educators work to assist us in we are saddling them with a situation the NetDay organization through the guiding our children successfully to- where the Government is going to de- activity generated in our home con- ward the 21st century job marketplace. mand even more in taxes before they gressional districts by grassroots That is where the work will be. Sili- get to spend money on their children. NetDay projects. I was proud to have con Valley will not be Silicon Valley. It is just not an acceptable way to go. had the honor of joining fellow It will probably be Silicon Nation. And I just conclude today by urging our Houstonians in the kickoff of the cere- I believe that we should not cease from colleagues to join us in supporting the mony for the Houston independent searching for additional innovative Social Security Preservation Act. I school district’s NetDay ’96. I was ways to protect our children as we also would reach across the aisle, encourage happy to serve as the honorary chair work to provide them with the much our Democrat colleagues to join us on for that event and under the leadership needed skills for today and tomorrow. this bill. This is not a partisan issue. of our superintendent and our assistant It is a fact that by the close of this Preserving and protecting the Social superintendent for technology, the su- century 60 percent of the new jobs will Security system should be something perintendent being Ron Page, the as- require computer skills that are cur- that both Republicans and Democrats sistant superintendent being Dara Ann rently held now by only 20 percent of are very interested in, and I look for- Burrow, and many volunteers, we can our population. The work we do today ward to working with our colleagues on claim it as a success. will pay off for our children. both sides of the aisle. Albeit a success in many of our dis- From Alabama to Wyoming, the f tricts, we realize that we are just be- NetDay organization has many places ginning, and so as a member of the they can call home. In the State of CREATING OPPORTUNITIES FOR Telecommunications Conference Com- Alaska the Anchorage school district OUR CHILDREN mittee, the Reform Act of 1996 which reports that 70 percent of Alaska’s stu- The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under the 104th Congress passed, I am proud dents wired several schools as part of the Speaker’s announced policy of Jan- that my colleagues join together to in- NetDay. In the State of California, the uary 7, 1997, the gentlewoman from sist that there must be universal tele- launching site for the entire NetDay ef- Texas [Ms. JACKSON-LEE] is recognized communications access to every school fort, over 75,000 volunteers wired over for 60 minutes as the designee of the and library and classroom in this Na- 3,500 schools last fall. minority leader. tion. The call that I raise up today and the Ms. JACKSON-LEE. I thank the Fortunately, for HISD, because of call that I hope is heard: Are you lis- Speaker very much for his kindness our program, 79,975 students now have tening throughout the Nation and can and I rise today to speak about chil- Internet access in the elementary, jun- we do any less? Well, in the State of dren. Sorry my colleagues have left the ior, and high school. I say that it is Texas a hundred schools were wired. floor of the House, and I appreciate still not enough. This was accom- Most of them were in the city of Hous- their comments about a very impor- plished with the assistance of 652 vol- ton. We obviously need more activity tant issue, and that is creating oppor- unteers who contributed their time to in the entire State of Texas as well as tunities for our children. And might I the neighborhood schools. The efforts all over America. say that although I will be speaking of sponsored volunteers, students, It is evident from our first NetDay today about technology and joined by teachers, and HISD personnel saved the year that States have gone at varying many of my colleagues, I would appre- Houston independent school district degrees of success in their NetDay ef- ciate a slight bit of deference to just $28,000. With our school district’s deci- forts. We still have a lot of work to do acknowledge that there is a disagree- sion to hold NetDay ’96 connection before every school is connected to the ment when it comes to the balanced projects for each Saturday in the Internet. As a parent and a Member of budget amendment. month of October, they ensure that Congress, I will continue to work to- We all want to get to the same place, every targeted school within minority ward a safe and secure Internet envi- and that is to balance the budget. I and majority communities received an ronment in which we can provide edu- must add that in protecting Social Se- equal opportunity to have their neigh- cational opportunities for our children. curity I would bring attention to the borhood school library receive the nec- That means, and we must get a little gentleman’s comments that when you essary wiring for Internet access. With direct here, I do not think any of us include Social Security in the balanced the entire Houston community sup- would claim any opposition to the first budget amendment you then prohibit port, we can reach the goal of universal amendment. I hold myself out as some- and inhibit the flowing of Social Secu- access for all of Houston’s children by one who vigorously defends the free- rity checks to our seniors throughout the year 2000. dom of speech, but I can assure you I H322 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 will go a long way to working toward but I will applaud him for acknowledg- and dozens of corporations, schools all ensuring that we deny the proponents ing last evening that we must bring the over the United States are being af- of pornography and obscenity the ac- power of the information age into all forded the opportunity to become wired cess to our children who are using the our schools. He said, last year I chal- to the Internet. In our great Nation so Internet. lenged America to connect every class- rich in information, we can no longer I believe this important resolution room and library to the Internet by the rely on the skills of the industrial age. that I offer today, hopefully as my col- year 2000 so that for the first time in Telecommunications will excite leagues have joined me in cosponsoring history a child in the most isolated, young minds and provide all children it, will go a long way in communicat- rural town, the most comfortable sub- access to the same rich learning re- ing the important role that NetDay urb, the poorest inner city school, will sources, regardless of where they live. plays in our Nation. This NetDay orga- have the same access to the same uni- Telecommunications can help us pro- nization is promoting friendship and verse of knowledge. I ask you to sup- vide a level playing field for all Ameri- cooperation. It is certainly promoting port and complete this historic mis- cans to utilize the information super- the opportunity for all of us to work sion. highway. Through NetDay, volunteers together. I am very gratified, Mr. Speaker, are ensuring that the emerging tele- communications revolutions do not b 1545 that there are those who have worked long years in this area and certainly leave our critical public institutions, It is important as well that we pro- come from communities where tech- our private and nonprofit schools, be- vide access to the superhighway. As we nology is a key element of their rep- hind. do that, it will be good that we as resentation. I applaud the outstanding achieve- Members of the House of Representa- So I have been joined on the floor ments of NetDay and the tireless work tives can show wholehearted support today by my colleague on the Commit- of our Nation’s volunteers. Wiring our for the NetDay organization which has tee on Science, the gentlewoman from schools to the Internet is in the Na- tion’s best interest and will bring eq- provided and should provide access for Maryland [Mrs. MORELLA], who has all children, rural, suburban and urban, served very ably in trying to network uity to our educational system. Well regardless of whether they are poor or herself and provide the kind of syner- educated and highly skilled individuals are the major resource of any modern well off. gism and energy in generating the society, and NetDay efforts in our Na- Yes, NetDay has proven it is possible technological infrastructure that we tion’s communities will provide all to be inclusive when implementing need not only for our children but for Americans with skills that they need public and private partnerships of this all Americans, but I am gratified that and the opportunities that they de- magnitude. I would like to thank my she knows that the emphasis of serve to achieve their fullest potential colleagues who signed on as original accessing the Internet on behalf of our through a quality education. cosponsors of this resolution, and I children is a key responsibility that we thank you for your commitment to our This Friday, February 7, is the first have in the U.S. Congress. anniversary of the signing of the Tele- Nation’s children and I look forward to I yield to the gentlewoman from your great participation in what we do communications Act, and there will be Maryland [Mrs. MORELLA]. a press conference to announce that further. Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, I NetDay will be held on April 19. I en- Besides applauding and congratulat- thank the gentlewoman from Texas for ing those who have participated in courage everyone to join the NetDay yielding, for arranging this special volunteer effort and help ensure that NetDay, emphasizing the grassroots as- order, and for sponsoring this very im- pects of providing elementary children our Nation’s schools are wired. My portant sense of Congress resolution to State of Maryland will be so involved, and middle-school children with access recognize the outstanding achieve- to our computers, with applauding and I will, and I hope that all Ameri- ments of NetDay. cans will in some way be connected those who have given labor and mate- Mr. Speaker, every child in America with the access to the Internet. rials and resources, and encouraging deserves equal access to a quality edu- Again, I want to thank the gentle- parents to be part of this, we also re- cation. Providing this access can be a woman from Texas, not only for this solve in this resolution to do several real challenge in the midst of tight special order and the resolution, but things. That is, of course, to congratu- budgets, especially in small, rural and her commitment, through her terms in late the organizers and sponsors and poor inner city schools. Every child Congress, and I hope she will stay on coordinators and volunteers of NetDay. and every school across the country the Committee on Science. We have Also, NetDay should be used as a must be afforded the opportunity to not totally organized, so I am not sure, positive model for communities take advantage of everything the infor- because she has always been very valu- throughout the Nation. NetDay should mation highway has to offer. able on that. continue to be used to assist students Now, during the last Congress, I Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank and parents and teachers across the worked to include in the Telecommuni- the gentlewoman, and may I inquire of Nation so that the Nation’s children cations Act language that would pro- the gentlewoman, just a very brief in- may be ready to obtain the benefits of vide schools, libraries, and rural health quiry. It is, I think, worthwhile as we computer networks and the Internet. care facilities with affordable access to have this opportunity to present this We are resolving to strengthen their the Internet. The Federal, State, local special order, that though we acknowl- education and begin careers with more joint board which was set up by the edge it in friendly terms that we are skills and opportunities, thus enabling Federal Communications Commission both at least now and with party affili- them to compete more successfully in has already recommended substantial ation on opposite sides of the aisle. But the global market. And then we resolve discounts for public and nonprofit I think it is very important that this is that businesses, unions, parents, teach- schools. acknowledged as a bipartisan effort to ers and school employees throughout In conjunction with our work in Con- really prepare us. the country should consider organizing gress, thousands of volunteers also We have all set bridges and visions NetDay activities to provide similar have joined together to wire our Na- for the 21st century, and I am sure we opportunities for the children in their tion’s public schools to the Internet. are all committed. But what does that communities. NetDay is an exciting grassroots effort actually mean? And as we fast ap- The House of Representatives sup- to ensure that all of our schools have proach or speed down the super- ports NetDay’s commitment by way of access to the Internet. highway, I think it is important, and of providing the Nation’s elementary and Most schools just simply cannot af- course balanced budget amendments or secondary schools with the technology, ford advanced telecommunications balanced budget, that we recognize the technological infrastructure need- services. Last year, less than 3 percent that when people are productive and ed to help the Nation’s children suc- of classrooms in the United States had working, that is half the battle of the ceed. access to the Internet. By making ac- economy. This access to the Internet, Interestingly enough, we captured cess to schools affordable, and through this learning process, and I guess I in- the spirit of the President’s remarks, the efforts of thousands of individuals quire of you, is so key to preparing us February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H323 to be steady and strong in the 21st cen- in this Chamber to reform welfare. I b 1600 tury. would hope that we could exhibit that Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleas- Mrs. MORELLA. There is just no same courage, wisdom, decency, and ure to yield 2 minutes to the honorable doubt about it. We also know that 6 out show the same temerity in empowering gentlewoman from Michigan DEBBIE of every 10 new jobs that will be cre- our teachers and classrooms to prepare STABENOW, whose State certainly has ated as we enter the new millennium our children for the future. received a great economic boon from are going to involve technology and are In that vein, let me applaud the suc- an original technology: the auto- going to involve the importance of cess of the two Illinois students and mobile. knowing something about Internet. We their classmates and teachers, brought I am very gratified that even with also know that our children, from first to our attention last evening during the importance of her obligations to grade on, know how to use a computer. the State of the Union Message, for her own immediate industry and tech- Now, why should they all not have ac- they are examples of excellence that nology dealing with the people mover, cess to this information? It is a library should be admired and replicated if you will, she is committed to science in their school, it is a library in their throughout this Nation. and technology as a member of the own home, in the club house; it is criti- In that vein, let me also speak in Committee on Science. cally important that they have these support of establishing national stand- Ms. STABENOW. Mr. Speaker, I skills. So again, I applaud you, and of ards, not to create another level of thank so much the gentlewoman from course it is bipartisan. Everybody Federal bureaucracy or additional lev- Texas for yielding to me on this impor- should agree with it. els of bureaucracy, Mr. Speaker, but to tant subject, and also for her excellent Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I thank make and understand that education is work on behalf of children, in promot- you for your kind words but also for as important a national security issue ing education on behalf of children. your leadership. as any issue that we confront here in Mr. Speaker, I rise today to recognize Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleas- this Congress. The syndrome of inferi- the outstanding achievements of ure to introduce to you certainly an es- ority and shortcoming that has beset NetDay, and to endorse the resolution teemed Member of the freshman class, many of our Nation’s schools, let us presented by the distinguished Member the gentleman from Memphis, TN [Mr. pledge here in this Chamber, let us from the State of Texas. Like my col- FORD], who probably more than any- pledge today to responding to the call leagues, I am committed to seeing that one, knows the value, having sped fast of action that the President issued last our schools and libraries are equipped along the superhighway himself of night that we will transform that syn- with the tools that our children need technology, of the importance of shar- drome into an atmosphere and environ- for the 21st century. Today, that means ing this very important tool to our ment of success, to expectations of suc- access to computers and access to the whole Nation. cess for our young people. Internet. Mr. FORD. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased As I close, Mr. Speaker, I thank the As I have frequently said at home in to have this opportunity to join the gentlewoman from Texas and thank the great State of Michigan, there is gentlewoman from Texas [Ms. JACK- the cosponsors of this NetDay legisla- more computer power today in the av- SON-LEE] in this effort to commend tion. For there is no more important erage gas station than the average those who have participated in this issue to America’s competitiveness as classroom, and that must change if our NetDay 1996 and to congratulate those we move into this next century, Mr. children are to succeed in the world for helping to build that bridge to the Speaker, than ensuring that every economy. 21st century. Unfortunately, too many schools and young person is afforded the oppor- As a Member of Congress especially too many libraries do not have the tunity, affording the best opportunity dedicated to youth and one that serves basic infrastructure necessary to link to be exposed to the quality education on the House Committee on Education themselves to the information super- that we here in America can afford. and the Workforce, NetDay 1996 cannot highway. All too often the cost of wir- have a more committed advocate than In that vein, I challenge every citizen ing our public schools and libraries is me. Let me first, though, take this op- to become a part of this effort. No prohibitive, given the limited fiscal re- portunity to thank our President for school should be without its own as- sources available to the States and the extraordinary challenge that he is- sembly of volunteers from every hill local governments. sued to all of America, including and every hamlet. We must afford our For example, it has been estimated Democrats and Republicans in this children an opportunity to be first in that it would cost more than $1,000 per Chamber, last night. the world. Mr. Speaker, this is the call classroom to install the basic wiring I was particularly excited to hear his to action and this young Member from needed to access the Internet, in addi- emphasis on education and his calling Tennessee is ready to respond. tion to the costs of purchasing comput- to all Americans, including all in this Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. ers and printers and software, which is Chamber again, Mr. Speaker, a call to Speaker, I want to thank the gen- also estimated to be in the nature of action, to respond to the needs of our tleman from Tennessee for a clarion thousands of dollars per classroom. young people to help prepare for better call. Clearly, for this to be a movement Mr. Speaker, we simply cannot wait and brighter tomorrow. in the U.S. Congress, leaders like HAR- 20 years to provide the infrastructure NetDay 1996 is this Nation’s chal- OLD FORD are going to have to be right and the basic level of technology that lenge to participate in the success of in the mix. And clearly for this to be our children need to be successful. The our youth’s lives. Every parent, teach- both accepted and acceptable, we are founders of NetDay recognize this criti- er, clergy member, neighbor, business going to have to reach across the bar- cal need, and I salute them. They also leader, business employee, computer riers and the divides of our rural and recognize that government alone can- systems administrator, every single urban centers of our southern cities not fulfill the objective, and in fact we member of society can participate and and northern cities, of our commu- must challenge our communities, the take on the community responsibility nities that may be called barrios or private sector, the universities, the to positively affect children’s lives. may be called ghettos, or may be just labor unions, parents. All of us, work- In 1996, Mr. Speaker, 100,000 NetDay called places for people to live. ing together, must come together in volunteers installed wiring infrastruc- So I accept the challenge certainly order to make sure our children have ture to connect 25,000 elementary and and hope that when we begin to talk what they need in our schools. secondary schools to the information about issues of balancing the budget, NetDay is a model example of the superhighway. Parity and access to the that there will be priorities, and that is public-private sector partnership that Internet is fundamental to realize the why the balanced budget discussion this administration spoke of and that I true benefit of the information super- cannot be done in a vacuum. This mes- wholeheartedly endorse and am work- highway. sage this afternoon on the Internet is ing on behalf of. Already I am in dis- That is why I call on my colleagues as much about that issue as it is about cussions in Michigan, in the Eighth on both sides of the aisle, for we dem- making sure our children have access District, with our private sector com- onstrated the courage and the wisdom to the Internet. munity, with our universities, parents, H324 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 local schools, so we too can have our CUMMINGS, has already made good on African-American students, use com- children benefit from those activities that promise to help the least of the puters in school. African-American stu- that have been created by NetDay. I children in our community. dents also have less access to comput- am excited about this adventure, and I I yield to the gentleman from Mary- ers at home, 36 percent of white stu- pledge to act as a catalyst in my com- land, Mr. ELIJAH CUMMINGS. dents are in families that own comput- munities in the Eighth District in Mr. CUMMINGS. I thank the gentle- ers, while only 15 percent of African- Michigan on behalf of the children in woman from Texas and I commend her American students have access to the Eighth District and on behalf of on her hard work and leadership on home computers. the children in the Nation. this as a member of the Committee on Make no mistake, technology alone I encourage my colleagues and my Science and the conference committee is not the panacea for all of our edu- constituents to join myself, to join the on the Telecommunications Reform cational system’s ills, but technology leadership here today in supporting Act of 1996. is a valuable tool which, when com- NetDay 1997. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to speak bined with a good curriculum and good I appreciate very much the oppor- about the outstanding achievements of teachers, can improve our children’s tunity to address the House on this the NetDay project. This past October education. The continuing leadership matter. I thank the gentlewoman again during NetDay East, over 140 schools and initiative must come from local for allowing me to participate today. were wired in my home district of Bal- communities, cities, school boards, and Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. timore City alone. A second phase to be the private and nonprofit sectors, and Speaker, I thank the gentlewoman wired is planned for the spring of this it is critical that the African-American from Michigan, and I am gratified that year. community get involved. African- she will be setting the wheels moving We must bring the 21st century into Americans need to recognize the im- in Michigan in helping her students. every classroom in America. Techno- portance of using these technologies to Something that I had mentioned, and logical literacy is essential to succeed improve education, as well as to equip I applaud the gentlewoman again, this in the new economy. We must provide students with the necessary skills to is not going to be easy. Our businesses all students access to a computer, good perform tomorrow’s jobs. that are prosperous, that may not be software, and trained teachers. I en- African-Americans, historically con- geared toward computer business di- courage local businesses, public organi- centrated in agriculture, personal serv- rectly, are really going to have to be zations, educational institutions, par- ice, and blue collar occupations, are part of providing the resources and as- ents, teachers, and community mem- now disproportionately displaced in the sisting us in making good on our bers to participate in this effort by vol- emerging Information Age. The good pledge. unteering to help link our schools to news is that a few African-American Let me acknowledge locally a rela- the information highway, place com- entrepreneurs are taking advantage of tionship that I am sure the gentle- puter equipment in classrooms, and telecom and information technologies. woman is working on where our local provide training. But there is still very little computer Bell Co. has provided lower rates for With 40 million people currently software geared to minorities. There teachers to surf the Internet for up to using the Internet and 100 million users are still relatively few minority firms 100 hours a month. One of the key expected by 1998, the time has come to with a presence on the World Wide points is that our teachers must like- avail our schools of this very valuable Web. wise have the training to be able to resource. We need to come together as train the youngsters, and I have seen a Nation and focus on the development I cannot overstate the importance of as much joy in our teachers who have of our children and communities. I exposing our young people, especially now become computer literate or ex- want to stress the importance of equip- those living in traditionally under- cited or have access, and then in their ping our children with the tools to served areas, to such technologies as ability to teach. We must not leave compete successfully in the 21st cen- the Internet, which open a whole new that partnership out between child or tury. world for them which may inspire student and teacher. I hope our busi- As we near the beginning of the 21st learning. ness leaders will join you, as you have century, a knowledge-based economy is In order for the NetDay project to be asked them to, in helping you promote emerging, what many people call the fully successful, it is imperative that this effort. new economy. The fastest growing in- minority and rural communities are in- Mr. Speaker, let me acknowledge as dustries, both domestically and glob- volved. Now is the time to commit to well another leader in this area. That ally, include microelectronics, tele- helping underserved minority schools. is NetDay cofounder, Mr. Michael communications, computers, and bio- The longer we wait, the wider the gap Kauffman. We appreciate the effort technology. In the 1950’s, three out of between these kids and the kids who that he is engaged in, along with Mr. every four Americans had manufactur- are technology-fluent expands. I want John Gage, cofounders of NetDay. They ing jobs. Today, fewer than 1 in 6 do. to thank the gentlewoman again for obviously had an idea that would set a Recent studies show that the rates of her leadership. spinning wheel, a light spreading out return for industries that invest in Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. across the Nation, and we are gratified knowledge and skill are more than Speaker, I thank the gentleman from now to applaud them here in Congress, twice those of industries that con- Maryland, and particularly Baltimore, but also to send out their reach even centrate on plant and equipment. really for his strong emphasis about further than they might have expected. Perhaps the most important trans- being frank about many of our children Mr. Speaker, the gentleman from formation brought by the new economy living in inner city America, particu- Maryland Mr. ELIJAH CUMMINGS, com- is the changing nature of work for larly our African-American children ing from Baltimore in the State of Americans. We now live and work in a who would not be able to access this Maryland and also the State legisla- knowledge-based economy where we new technology beyond that access op- ture, is an avid promoter of issues deal- succeed because of what we know, what portunity from adults and family mem- ing with youth and children in his leg- we create, how we manage information, bers and leaders of their community. islative record; but coming from a and how we organize ourselves to de- This raises the question of the chal- State that has a strong technological liver it. lenge that I started out with. This mes- history and also a strong historic rela- By the end of the decade, 60 percent sage is about children and technology, tionship with the Federal Government, of our Nation’s jobs will require skills but it is also about balancing the budg- I am gratified with his commitment to that only 20 percent of the existing et and priorities. Interestingly enough, educating the inner city child, who if U.S. population has. Many of these will in fiscal year 1996 I offered an amend- we abandon and leave by the wayside, be technologically based. Our new con- ment to increase the funding of the Na- ravaging around the edges of tech- cern is not unemployment, but tional Telecommunication Information nology, we are not doing the job of cre- unemployability. With the ability to Administration to provide more dollars ating opportunity for all Americans. make goods and process information, for access to the Internet to our rural The gentleman from Maryland, ELIJAH white students, but only 39 percent of and urban centers. We did not find February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H325 enough commitment, if you will, to re- b 1445 tially a spirit of volunteerism. It is alize the importance of ensuring that This resolution that I will file today also a spirit of understanding the role effort at that time. is only the beginning of action items of telecommunications and modern I will again be raising the issue of en- for funding, for partnership, for preven- education technology in our edu- suring that there is sufficient funding, tion of pornography and obscenity, for cational system. but I recognize and applaud, as I have access by children, all legislative agen- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. come to do today, the private sector’s da items that we will have to submit Speaker, let me appropriately, as the involvement in making sure that we to. But the key element that Congress- gentleman has done, applaud the Presi- have access. It is important as we do man OWENS brings to this discussion dent for being pronounced and enun- that, that we include not only those so today is his unabiding and overwhelm- ciating very clearly the message of actively involved that I applaud from ing commitment to education. education as well, and I keep coming the majority community, but Asians I am delighted, and I yield to the back to this theme because I can as- and Hispanics and African-Americans. gentleman from New York [Mr. OWENS] sure you that will you be on the floor So I have committed, as I did last on this matter and on the question of year, to continue to put together pres- of the House over these next 2 years, as education. you have been in the past, trying to entations on how to capture the 21st Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, I thank century marketplace through the prioritize and convince people that bal- the gentlewoman from Texas and con- ancing the budget is important but Internet, and emphasize the value of gratulate her on the vision she has minority entrepreneurs and women that it is absolutely imperative that demonstrated by having this, by put- we invest in children and in education. being some of the providers of this ting forward this resolution and having technology. It is all about interlock- this special order to alert us to the fact I say this because I do not want ing. It is all about building on partner- that this resolution on NetDay needs NetDay to be taken away from, though ships. As I close my remarks at this our support. The gentlewoman from I applaud the private sector involve- time, it is about welfare reform. Texas is very much on target. This, of ment that will encourage it, that we How joyous have I seen welfare re- course, is a vital component of the edu- will have to make hard decisions. I form participants, or those who will cation effort that must go forward, and hope we are not giving lip service, far have to be part of welfare reform, when I sat here, just as she did last night, be it from me to claim that of any of they have gone through a computer and was quite moved by the President’s my colleagues, but that we realize that class and have become computer lit- speech, certainly the part about edu- though we will not be reckless in erate and are ready to go out in entry- cation, and was certainly moved by the spending money, there will have to be level positions as a data entry clerk; fact that when he spoke about a bipar- some shifting of funds and it is worthy or, might I say, as the President called tisan approach to education, there was of us to do so to create the work force, last evening for a national crusade for thunderous applause here on the floor of which then we will not have to claim education standards, maybe, I say to and everybody got up on both sides. We that they are on welfare, they are un- the gentleman from New York [Mr. can look forward to a very productive employable or underemployed. I hope OWENS] we will be testing our children 105th Congress in terms of education. people are listening to say, they have on computers. Therefore, if we are We must congratulate ourselves, something here today. If they educate, doing that, far be it from us to deny those of us who insisted for the last 2 they will prevent them from the trials the opportunity to those children to be years that the Congress of the United and tribulations that many have able to not only test educationally, but States listen to the commonsense of passed through in years past. as well to ensure that they know how the American people. They said over to access the tool upon which they will Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, the gentle- and over again that we want education be tested. woman is very much on target. All of to be a high priority. There were people these things are inextricably inter- GENERAL LEAVE who would not listen in the last Con- woven. You cannot have education go Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. gress for a long time. They came here Speaker, I ask unanimous consent that forward unless you have a commitment and they insisted that, first of all, we from the Federal Government through all Members may have 5 legislative might consider eliminating the Depart- days within which to revise and extend the budget and the appropriations ment of Education, just wipe it out. their remarks on the subject of my spe- process. I just wanted to talk for a Then they talked about massive cuts in cial order. minute about what I mean when I say The SPEAKER pro tempore. (Mr. Federal aid to education. I think in the spirit of NetDay must go forward. 1995, the appropriations bill, there were COBLE). Is there objection to the re- There are some States that have not quest of the gentlewoman from Texas? proposals to cut almost $4 billion from had their NetDay yet. the Federal education budget. We did a There was no objection. In New York State, we had NetDay turnaround and moved from that low Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. on September 21. I think it was a little point of proposing a cut of almost $4 Speaker, I started with the President’s premature. And I want to say to the billion to the appropriations bill of remarks before I introduced the gen- people who were in charge of NetDay 1996, where the majority Republicans tleman from New York [Mr. OWENS] be- that it was basically a failure for New in this House proposed, and I congratu- cause I wanted to ask him, paradox- York City. I congratulate all the Gov- late them, a $4 billion increase. It was ically, was he involved in the articula- ernors across the country who have as- almost a $4 billion increase. I congratu- tion and certainly the creating of that sumed responsibility and become very late the majority. I congratulate Con- call, the national crusade for edu- active and become the drum majors for gressman GOODLING, who is head of the cational standards. the NetDay effort, but the Governor of The gentleman from New York, education committee and certainly New York announced that 3,000 schools MAJOR OWENS, who is an original co- played a major role in that. The chil- were wired in New York State. I went sponsor of this resolution that I offered dren of America will benefit. looking for the schools in my district, today, is a graduate of Morehouse Col- Let us lay aside partisan consider- which is a district that has 70 elemen- lege and Atlanta University, but he ations. It helped the Republicans to tary and secondary schools and 10 high comes to us as a librarian. I imagine he win the election. We will talk about schools. I could not find but one school has pored over many pages and recog- that at a later date. They were bril- that had been wired on that day. nizes what technology can do for learn- liant in their understanding, finally, ing. that commonsense dictated that the I said maybe it just passed over us More importantly, I have watched Congress Members take a strong posi- and the rest of New York City, which the gentleman from New York [Mr. tion on education. has more than 1,000 schools. New York OWENS] speak eloquently and without I hope that that brilliance will en- City has more than 1,000 schools, and I rest on the issue of educating children, dure and go on. The spirit of NetDay, looked for schools that had been wired on the issue of providing education, on as a part of whatever we do on edu- on NetDay in New York City and we the issue of providing education for cation, the spirit of NetDay must be found less than 25 that had really been providing opportunity. kept alive. The spirit of NetDay is par- wired. Wiring in NetDay terminology is H326 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 the wiring of 5 classrooms plus the li- Mr. Speaker, the spirit of NetDay, I ditional 5 minutes as opposed to having brary of the school. That is the defini- said, has to be kept alive because even to try and conclude at this point. tion of wiring. It did not take place in after NetDay takes place as it did in The SPEAKER pro tempore. By even 25 schools in all of New York City. New York City on September 21, you unanimous consent, Ms. JACKSON-LEE, Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. find that it was basically a failure in if the gentlewoman wants to leave the Speaker, it is appropriate that I ad- terms of the number of schools that floor and then Mr. OWENS, the gen- dress this same issue in another part of were wired. Let us keep it going in tleman from New York, can request a the House, and at this time I will yield order to get schools wired. 5-minute special order, in which case the balance of my time to the gen- After the headlines and the public re- the Chair will grant that request. Is tleman from New York [Mr. OWENS]. He lations brouhaha is over, let us keep that what the gentlewoman wants to will continue commenting. the spirit where volunteers assemble, do? The SPEAKER pro tempore (Mr. volunteers take advantage of the fact Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. COBLE). The Chair cannot recognize that we have a national NetDay oper- Speaker, that is what I would like to with that request. The gentleman from ation which purchases equipment very do. New York can request a 5-minute spe- cheaply and makes it available, all Mr. Speaker, I thank all those who cial order on his own time. that should go on. We are trying to have participated and will join me in Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, is this make that happen in my district, the support of NetDay and the access of some new rule for 1997 because in the 11th Congressional District in Brook- children to the Internet. past we have done this? lyn. Mr. Speaker, I rise to introduce a sense-of- The SPEAKER pro tempore. That has We established, because of the failure the-Congress resolution regarding the out- been the practice for a long, long time. of NetDay in our district, we estab- standing achievements of the NetDay organi- Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, it has been lished a project called Central Brook- zation. done regularly on the floor of the lyn NetWatch. central Brooklyn I, along with many Members of the House, House. NetWatch is a joint project sponsored have become acquainted with the NetDay or- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The by my office in conjunction with the ganization through the activity generated in Chair will rule that the gentleman Husain Institute of Technology. our home congressional districts by grass- from New York may be recognized for 5 NetWatch is a volunteer project utiliz- roots NetDay projects. minutes on his own time if he requests ing the free services of the Husain In- I was proud to have had the honor of joining unanimous consent to do that. stitute of Technology to assist the fellow Houstonians in the kickoff ceremony for Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. schools of central Brooklyn in com- the Houston Independent School District's Speaker, is it because—— NetDay96. The SPEAKER pro tempore. If the pleting school wiring for telecommuni- I also served as honorary chair of the Plan- gentlewoman wants to yield to the gen- cations services. Launched on October ning Committee for the Houston Independent tleman for the balance of her time, she 23, National Education Funding Sup- School District NetDay event. needs to remain on the floor. Other- port Day, NewWatch is an attempt to Under the leadership of Dr. Rod Page, su- wise, the gentleman from New York guarantee that the inner-city schools perintendent of the Houston Independent may request and the Chair will grant of central Brooklyn will not be left be- School District, Daryl Ann Borel, assistant su- him a 5-minute special order. hind as we move the education proc- Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. esses and methodology into the 21st perintendent for technology, and her staff, the Speaker, I will at this time allow the century. H.I.S.D. NetDay project was a success. As a member of the conference committee gentleman to continue and will come Here are volunteers, and we started a on the Telecommunications Reform Act of to the floor again, if time causes me to project of just trying to wire 10 schools 1996, I was pleased to see the intent of the ask for a change. in 10 weeks. Let me show you what The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- inner-city schools are up against across universal telecommunications access provi- tlewoman understands that she cannot the country. We found it difficult to sions of that law being fulfilled through the leave the floor. She must stay on the wire 10 schools in 10 weeks because the H.I.S.D.'s NetDay project. floor. wiring problem meets the construction Because of the Houston Independent Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. I do un- and repair problem. The asbestos prob- School District's NetDay Project 72,975 stu- derstand that. Let me at least, as I am lem in New York City stymies the dents now have Internet access in the libraries staying on the floor, thank all of those process of trying to wire the schools. of their elementary, junior, and high schools. who participated on this very impor- You cannot bore holes in the schools’ That is still not enough. This was accom- tant occasion and as well to emphasize walls and ceilings unless you have as- plished with the assistance of 652 volunteers the clarion call that was made. surance that there is no asbestos there. who contributed their time to neighborhood I would further support for the We had a crisis in New York City, 3 schools. The efforts of sponsors, volunteers, NetDay resolution from all of my col- years ago, where schools were kept students, teachers, and H.I.S.D. personnel leagues. closed for 3 weeks before they opened saved the Houston Independent School Dis- Mr. Speaker, I yield the balance of because they were trying to deal with trict $28,860. my time to the gentleman from New the asbestos problems. Many of us With H.I.S.D.'s decision to hold NetDay96 York [Mr. OWENS]. I will be studious as thought the asbestos problem was over. connection projects for each Saturday in the to my time element. It is still very much there in many of month of October, they ensured that every tar- The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- our schools. That is one of the reasons geted school within minority and majority com- tleman from New York [Mr. OWENS] why we wired so few schools on munities received an equal opportunity to have has 13 minutes remaining. NetDay. their neighborhood school library receive the Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, I thank Now we need the President’s con- necessary wiring for Internet access. the gentlewoman and I respectfully re- struction money. The President’s pro- With the entire Houston community's sup- quest from the leadership of both par- gram on construction is a vital part of port we can reach the goal of universal access ties, please clarify this and not have a trying to go forward with tele- for all of Houston's children by the year 2000. double standard on the floor because communications improvements. So it As we work toward universal access to the we certainly did this in the last Con- is all interwoven and you need to go Internet we must also be vigilant in our efforts gress. forward on that. I would like to con- to promote software and hardware innovation The SPEAKER pro tempore. If the clude, since I know the gentlewoman that will make access for our children as safe gentleman will suspend a minute. The wants to go. as possible. I have learned that there are a Chair will say to the gentleman from Ms. JACKSON-LEE of Texas. Mr. number of software and hardware tech- New York, this has been the rule for as Speaker, I would like the gentleman to nologies, which if employed, will block the abil- long as the Chair has been here. That get his additional 5 minutes. So I ity of young users to access websites that has been a good while so we can look would ask the Speaker if the gen- may not be appropriate for them. In addition, into that at a later time. tleman can get his additional 5 min- the use of networked systems by school dis- Mr. OWENS. I would appreciate that, utes on his own time and this way I can tricts can also provide protection for the Mr. Speaker. leave the floor. Then he can get an ad- Internet's youngest users. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H327 We in Congress must work to provide these tions, and local communities that provides on- b 1630 important protective features to users of the going support for our schools. NetDay is made But that is absolutely necessary for national information infrastructure as edu- possible through the technical support of com- the telecommunications movement to cators work to assist us in guiding our children panies such as IBM, and Bell Atlantic who go forward that is encouraged by successfully toward the 21st century job mar- provide the technical skill to wire schools, fi- NetDay to take place. ketplace. nancial sponsors who purchase the wiring There is another item that you must I believe that we should not cease from packages for classrooms, and thousands of all be alerted to: the education rate for searching for additional innovative ways to volunteers who give up their evenings and telecommunications services; afford- protect our children as we also work to pro- weekends for our children. This effort dem- able access for all schools and libraries. vide them with the much needed skills for onstrates the powerful impact that voluntarism This Congress in 1996 passed a tele- today and tomorrow. can have on our community. Usually, connect- communications bill which the Presi- It is a fact that by the close of this century ing a classroom to the Internet costs approxi- dent signed into law on February 8, 60 percent of the new jobs will require com- mately $1,000. NetDay has been able to bring 1996. The President signed this law puter skills that are currently held by only 20 this cost below $400. which reformed the Nation’s tele- percent of our population. The work we do The Internet is transforming the way we live, communications laws that will in- today will pay off for our children. communicate, study, and conduct business. crease competition and lower prices for From Alabama to Wyoming the NetDay or- On the Internet, the educational opportunities all consumers, including libraries and ganization has many places it can call home. that are open to our children are limited only schools. In the State of Alaska, the Anchorage School by their own imagination. Students can browse In this law was a mandate from Con- District reports that 70 percent of Alaska's stu- a library in Europe as easily as they can gress which said that the FCC had to dents wired several schools as part of NetDay. browse one just down the hall. More impor- In the State of California, the launching site find ways to give discounts or special tantly, resources which were once only avail- for the entire national NetDay effort, over consideration to libraries and schools 75,000 volunteers wired over 3,500 schools able to affluent suburban schools can now be in providing telecommunication serv- last fall. accessed by students in remote rural areas or ices. On November 7, 1996, the Federal- While in the State of Texas 100 schools poor inner city areas. In the future, our chil- State Joint Board on Universal Service were wired, the majority of which were in the dren's access to the information superhighway unanimously recommended that city of Houston, TX. We need more activity in will not only be a determining factor in whether schools and libraries receive discounts the entire State of Texas, as well as all over or not America can remain competitive, but for telecommunications services, America. whether we will truly be able to remain the in- Internet services and internal connec- It is evident from our first NetDay year that dispensable Nation. tions. States have garnered varying degrees of suc- President Clinton has set a goal of wiring The recommendations call for dis- cess in their NetDay efforts. We still have a lot every school in the country to the Internet by counts that range from 20 to 90 percent, of work to do before every school is con- the year 2000. Thanks to service organiza- with an average discount of 60 percent. nected to the Internet. tions such as NetDay, and similar smaller pro- The FCC has until May 1997 to develop As a parent and a Member of Congress, I grams throughout the country, we are well on the rules for implementing the rec- will continue to work toward a safe and secure our way to achieving that goal. ommendations of the joint board. What am I talking about? I am say- Internet environment in which we can provide f educational opportunities for our children. That ing that in the poorest schools and means also working to deny the proponents of MORE ON NETDAY rural areas and in inner-city commu- pornography and obscene material from hav- nities the poorest schools may get up The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a to a 90 percent discount, 90 percent on ing access to our children using the internet. previous order of the House, the gen- I believe this important resolution will go a their telephone bill, on their bill for tleman from New York [Mr. Owens] is long way in communicating the important role Internet on-line services, on the initial recognized for 5 minutes. the NetDay organization is playing in the pro- connecting bills. It may happen if the Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, what I am motion of universal access to the information FCC follows through on the rec- trying to say is that the spirit of superhighway for all of our Nation's children. ommendations that have already been It is good that we, as Members of the NetDay must be kept alive. The spirit received. House of Representatives, can show our of last night’s thundering applause for I think everybody should write to the whole hearted support for the NetDay organi- the President when he spoke on edu- FCC or should write to the tele- zation, which has provided and should provide cation must be kept alive. We cannot communications company and thank access for all children; rural, suburban, and do that unless we recognize there are them for cooperating and understand- urban, regardless of whether they are poor or some hard problems that must be over- ing that we cannot go forward with the well off. Yes, NetDay has proven it is possible come. The President’s program on con- education of all Americans unless we to be inclusive when implementing private and struction and repair is a vital part of have this kind of provision which low- public partnerships of this magnitude. being able to wire the schools. You ers the cost of telecommunications I would like to thank my colleagues who cannot have the telecommunications, services for all schools. have signed on as original cosponsors of this which will benefit schools greatly. It is very important that we support resolution. I thank you for your commitment to It will allow schools to expand be- the recommendations from the Fed- our Nation's children, and I look forward with yond books and pencil and paper and eral-State joint board because the FCC great anticipation, as many of you do, to the the limitations and get into what our has until May to develop the rules and NetDay '97 events. young people are already into. They vote on these rules. At this time I would like to read the resolu- look at television a great deal. They Please understand that the spirit of tion into the RECORD. look at videos. Are they going to re- NetDay that the gentlewoman from Mrs. LOWEY. Mr. Speaker, NetDay is a tre- spond to teaching that is done using Texas, Congresswoman SHEILA JACK- mendous opportunity to ensure that all of our the techniques that they are aware of SON-LEE, has put forth so appro- children will be able to compete in the high- and exposed to in their environment priately, the spirit of NetDay should go technology world of tomorrow. I would like to outside the schools? forward in many ways, but one way we commend NetDay and its organizers for the One important part of it is to pass can carry the spirit of NetDay forward tremendous efforts that they have made in the the President’s initiative on school is by letting the FCC know that we last year to wire all of our Nation's schools to construction. He has an initiative want the recommendation for the 20 to the information superhighway. Through which calls for up to 50 percent interest 90 percent discount on telecommuni- NetDay, 20 percent of U.S. schools were subsidy for new school construction cation services to be passed as rapidly wired to the Internet in 1996 alone. Almost and renovation. He has another initia- as possible. every community in the country, including my tive which calls for $20 billion in school The schools which you need to help own, have been able to reap the benefits of construction spurred by $5 billion in most, the poorest schools in the United this organization. Federal jump-start funding over 4 States, are the schools which have the NetDay is the perfect partnership between years, which will be discussed at great- most difficult problems in teaching. businesses, government, educational institu- er length in the future. They will not be able to benefit from H328 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 the technological revolution, they will House) to incur expenses (including travel tee will be held, specifying the date and hour not be able to benefit from the new expenses) in connection therewith. thereof, and the measure or matter to be telecommunications that will be avail- (c) Authority to Print.—The Committee is considered at that special meeting. The Committee shall meet on that date and hour. able unless they have some way to authorized to have printed and bound testi- mony and other data presented at hearings Immediately upon the filing of the notice, solve the problem of the operations held by the Committee. All costs of steno- the clerk of the Committee shall notify all cost. The operations cost. graphic services and transcripts in connec- members of the Committee that such meet- Most schools do not have telephones, tion with any meeting or hearing of the ing will be held and inform them of its date you know. I mean, they have a limited Committee shall be paid from applicable ac- and hour and the measure or matter to be number of telephones. In New York we counts of the House described in clause considered; and only the measure or matter have a school serving 2,000 youngsters 1(h)(1) of Rule X of the Rules of the House. specified in that notice may be considered at that special meeting. that may have 5 or 6 telephones. A (d) Activities Report.—(1) The Committee shall submit to the House, not later than (d) Vice Chairman.—The Chairman shall ap- telephone should be in every classroom January 2 of each odd-numbered year, a re- point a vice chairman of the Committee and because we have been aware of tele- port on the activities of the Committee of each subcommittee. If the Chairman of phone technology for a long time. under Rules X and XI of the Rules of the the Committee or subcommittee is not There are thousands of ways tele- House during the Congress ending on Janu- present at any meeting of the Committee or phones can be used to improve the op- ary 3 of such year. subcommittee, as the case may be, the vice (2) Such report shall include separate sec- chairman shall preside. If the vice chairman eration of the schools and the oper- is not present, the ranking member of the tions summarizing the legislative and over- ation of the structure, but even that is majority party on the Committee or sub- sight activities of the Committee during not there. Before you get to videotapes committee who is present shall preside at that Congress. and television sets and the Internet that meeting. (3) The oversight section of such report (e) Prohibition on Sitting During Joint Ses- and the computers, we need the tele- shall include a summary of the oversight phone. sion.—The Committee may not sit during a plans submitted by the Committee pursuant joint session of the House and Senate or dur- We can take a giant step forward by to clause 2(d) of Rule X of the Rules of the ing a recess when a joint meeting of the understanding that the universal fund House, a summary of the actions taken and House and Senate is in progress. that the FCC is now considering should recommendations made with respect to each (f) Addressing the Committee.—(1) A Commit- be supported, and immediately; in the such plan, and a summary of any additional tee member may address the Committee or a spirit of NetDay, we can go forward to oversight activities undertaken by the Com- subcommittee on any bill, motion, or other mittee, and any recommendations made or try to convince the telecommuni- matter under consideration or may question actions taken thereon. a witness at a hearing— cations companies to also support the (e) Publication of Rules.—The Committee’s (A) only when recognized by the Chairman FCC recommendation for a 20 to 90 per- rules shall be published in the Congressional for that purpose; and cent discount on telecommunication Record not later than 30 days after the Com- (B) subject to subparagraphs (2) and (3), services. mittee is elected in each odd-numbered year. only for 5 minutes until such time as each member of the Committee or subcommittee RULE II.—REGULAR, ADDITIONAL AND SPECIAL f who so desires has had an opportunity to ad- MEETINGS RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE dress the Committee or subcommittee or (a) Regular Meetings.—Regular meetings of question the witness. COMMITTEE ON TRANSPOR- the Committee shall be held on the first A member shall be limited in his or her re- TATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE, Wednesday of every month to transact its marks to the subject matter under consider- 105TH CONGRESS business unless such day is a holiday, or the ation. The Chairman shall enforce this sub- House is in recess or is adjourned, in which paragraph. The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a case the Chairman shall determine the regu- previous order of the House, the gen- (2) The Chairman of the Committee or a lar meeting day of the Committee for that subcommittee, with the concurrence of the tleman from Pennsylvania [Mr. SHU- month. The Chairman shall give each mem- ranking minority member, or the Committee STER] is recognized for 5 minutes. ber of the Committee, as far in advance of or subcommittee by motion, may permit an Mr. SHUSTER. Mr. Speaker, in ac- the day of the regular meeting as the cir- equal number of majority and minority cordance with clause 2(a) of rule XI of cumstances make practicable, a written no- party members each to question a witness the rules of the House, I am submitting tice of such meeting and the matters to be for a specified period not longer than 30 min- considered at such meeting. If the Chairman for printing in the RECORD a copy of utes. believes that the Committee will not be con- (3) The Chairman of the Committee or a the rules of the Committee on Trans- sidering any bill or resolution before the full subcommittee, with the concurrence of the portation and Infrastructure for the Committee and that there is no other busi- ranking minority member, or the Committee 105th Congress, adopted on January 8, ness to be transacted at a regular meeting, or subcommittee by motion, may permit 1997. the meeting may be canceled or it may be committee staff for majority and minority RULES OF THE COMMITTEE ON deferred until such time as, in the judgment party members to question a witness for TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE of the Chairman, there may be matters equal specified periods. which require the Committee’s consider- (4) Nothing in subparagraph (2) or (3) af- (Adopted January 8, 1997) ation. This paragraph shall not apply to fects the right of a Member (other than a RULE I.—GENERAL PROVISIONS meetings of any subcommittee. member designated under subparagraph (2)) (a) Applicability of House Rules.—(1) The (b) Additional Meetings.—The Chairman to question a witness for 5 minutes in ac- Rules of the House are the rules of the Com- may call and convene, as he or she considers cordance with subparagraph (2) or (3). mittee and its subcommittees so far as appli- necessary, additional meetings of the Com- (g) Meetings to Begin Promptly.—Each meet- cable, except that a motion to recess from mittee for the consideration of any bill or ing or hearing of the Committee shall begin day to day, and a motion to dispense with resolution pending before the Committee or promptly at the time so stipulated in the the first reading (in full) of a bill or resolu- for the conduct of other committee business. public announcement of the meeting or hear- tion, if printed copies are available, are non- The Committee shall meet for such purpose ing. debatable motions of high privilege in the pursuant to the call of the Chairman. RULE III.—OPEN MEETINGS AND HEARINGS; Committee and its subcommittees. (c) Special Meetings.—If at least three mem- BROADCASTING (2) Each subcommittee is part of the Com- bers of the Committee desire that a special (a) Open Meetings.—Each meeting for the mittee, and is subject to the authority and meeting of the Committee be called by the transaction of business, including the mark- direction of the Committee and its rules so Chairman, those members may file in the of- up of legislation, and each hearing of the far as applicable. fices of the Committee their written request Committee or a subcommittee shall be open (3) Rule XI of the Rules of the House, to the Chairman for that special meeting. to the public, except as provided by clause which pertains entirely to Committee proce- Such request shall specify the measure or 2(g) of Rule XI of the Rules of the House. dure, is incorporated and made a part of the matter to be considered. Immediately upon (b) Broadcasting.—Whenever a meeting for rules of the Committee to the extent appli- the filing of the request, the clerk of the the transaction of business, including the cable. Committee shall notify the Chairman of the markup of legislation, or a hearing is open to (b) Authority to Conduct Investigations.—The filing of the request. If, within 3 calendar the public, that meeting or hearing shall be Committee is authorized at any time to con- days after the filing of the request, the open to coverage by television, radio, and duct such investigations and studies as it Chairman does not call the requested special still photography in accordance with clause 3 may consider necessary or appropriate in the meeting to be held within 7 calendar days of Rule XI of the Rules of the House. exercise of its responsibilities under Rule X after the filing of the request, a majority of RULE IV.—RECORDS AND ROLL CALLS of the Rules of the House and (subject to the the members of the Committee may file in (a) Keeping of Records.—The Committee adoption of expense resolutions as required the offices of the Committee their written shall keep a complete record of all Commit- by Rule XI, clause 5 of the Rules of the notice that a special meeting of the Commit- tee action which shall include— February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H329 (1) in the case of any meeting or hearing (2) Compliance with any subpoena issued shall promptly enter the appropriate infor- transcripts, a substantially verbatim ac- by the Committee or subcommittee under mation into the Committee scheduling serv- count of remarks actually made during the paragraph (a)(2) may be enforced only as au- ice of the House Information Resources as proceedings, subject only to technical, gram- thorized or directed by the House. soon as possible after such public announce- matical and typographical corrections au- (c) Expenses of Subpoenaed Witnesses.—Each ment is made. thorized by the person making the remarks witness who has been subpoenaed, upon the (b) Written Statement; Oral Testimony.—So involved, and completion of his or her testimony before far as practicable, each witness who is to ap- (2) a record of the votes on any question on the Committee or any subcommittee, may pear before the Committee or a subcommit- which a roll call is demanded. report to the offices of the Committee, and tee shall file with the clerk of the Commit- The result of each such roll call vote shall be there sign appropriate vouchers for travel al- tee or subcommittee, at least 2 working days made available by the Committee for inspec- lowances and attendance fees. If hearings are before the day of his or her appearance, a tion by the public at reasonable times in the held in cities other than Washington, DC, written statement of proposed testimony and offices of the Committee. Information so the witness may contact the counsel of the shall limit his or her oral presentation to a available for public inspection shall include Committee, or his or her representative, be- summary of the written statement. a description of the amendment, motion, fore leaving the hearing room. (c) Minority witnesses.—When any hearing is conducted by the Committee or any sub- order, or other proposition and the name of RULE VI.—QUORUMS each member voting for and each member committee upon any measure or matter, the (a) Working Quorum.—One-third of the voting against such amendment, motion, minority party members on the Committee members of the Committee or a subcommit- order, or proposition, and the names of those or subcommittee shall be entitled, upon re- tee shall constitute a quorum for taking any members present but not voting. A record quest to the Chairman by a majority of those action other than the closing of a meeting vote may be demanded by one-fifth of the minority members before the completion of pursuant to clauses 2(g) and 2(k)(5) of Rule members present. such hearing, to call witnesses selected by (b) Property of the House.—All Committee XI of the Rules of the House, the authorizing the minority to testify with respect to that hearings, records, data, charts, and files of a subpoena pursuant to paragraph (b) of measure or matter during at least one day of shall be kept separate and distinct from the Committee rule V, the reporting of a meas- hearing thereon. congressional office records of the member ure or recommendation pursuant to para- (b) Summary of Subject Matter.—Upon an- serving as Chairman of the Committee; and graph (b)(1) of Committee Rule VIII, and the nouncement of a hearing, to the extent prac- such records shall be the property of the actions described in paragraphs (b), (c) and ticable, the Committee shall make available House and all members of the House shall (d) of this rule. immediately to all members of the Commit- have access thereto. (b) Quorum for Reporting.—A majority of tee a concise summary of the subject matter (c) Availability of Archived Records.—The the members of the Committee or a sub- (including legislative reports and other ma- records of the Committee at the National Ar- committee shall constitute a quorum for the terial) under consideration. In addition, upon chives and Records Administration shall be reporting of a measure or recommendation. announcement of a hearing and subsequently made available for public use in accordance (c) Approval of Certain Matters.—A majority as they are received, the Chairman shall with Rule XXXVI of the Rules of the House. of the members of the Committee or a sub- make available to the members of the Com- The Chairman shall notify the ranking mi- committee shall constitute a quorum for ap- mittee any official reports from departments nority member of the Committee of any de- proval of a resolution concerning any of the and agencies on such matter. cision, pursuant to clause 3(b)(3) or clause following actions: (e) Questioning of Witnesses.—The question- 4(b) of such rule, to withhold a record other- (1) A prospectus for construction, alter- ing of witnesses in Committee and sub- wise available, and the matter shall be pre- ation, purchase or acquisition of a public committee hearings shall be initiated by the sented to the Committee for a determination building or the lease of space as required by Chairman, followed by the ranking minority on written request of any member of the section 7 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959. member and all other members alternating Committee. (2) Survey investigation of a proposed between the majority and minority parties. project for navigation, flood control, and RULE V.—POWER TO SIT AND ACT; SUBPOENA In recognizing members to question wit- other purposes by the Corps of Engineers POWER nesses in this fashion, the Chairman shall (section 4 of the Rivers and Harbors Act of (a) Authority to Sit and Act.—For the pur- take into consideration the ratio of the ma- March 4, 1913, 33 U.S.C. 542). jority to minority members present and pose of carrying out any of its functions and (3) Construction of a water resources devel- shall establish the order of recognition for duties under Rules X and XI of the Rules of opment project by the Corps of Engineers questioning in such a manner as not to dis- the House, the Committee and each of its with an estimated Federal cost not exceed- advantage the members of the majority nor subcommittees, is authorized (subject to ing $15,000,000 (section 201 of the Flood Con- the members of the minority. The Chairman paragraph (b)(1) of this rule)— trol Act of 1965). (1) to sit and act at such times and places may accomplish this by recognizing two ma- (4) Deletion of water quality storage in a within the United States whether the House jority members for each minority member Federal reservoir project where the benefits is in session, has recessed, or has adjourned recognized. attributable to water quality are 15 percent and to hold such hearings, and (f) Investigative Hearings.—(1) Clause 2(k) of (2) to require, by subpoena or otherwise, or more but not greater than 25 percent of Rule XI of the Rules of the House (relating the attendance and testimony of such wit- the total project benefits (section 65 of the to additional rules for investigative hear- nesses and the production of such books, Water Resources Development Act of 1974). ings) applies to investigative hearings of the (5) Authorization of a Natural Resources records, correspondence, memorandums, pa- Committee and its subcommittees. pers, and documents, Conservation Service watershed project in- (2) A subcommittee may not begin a major volving any single structure of more than investigation without approval of a majority as it deems necessary. The Chairman of the 4,000 acre feet of total capacity (section 2 of Committee, or any member designated by of such subcommittee. P.L. 566, 83rd Congress). RULE VIII.—PROCEDURES FOR REPORTING BILLS the Chairman, may administer oaths to any (d) Quorum for Taking Testimony.—Two witness. members of the Committee or subcommittee AND RESOLUTIONS (b) Issuance of Subpoenas.—(1) A subpoena shall constitute a quorum for the purpose of (a) Filing of Reports.—(1) The Chairman of may be issued by the Committee or sub- taking testimony and receiving evidence. the Committee shall report promptly to the committee under paragraph (a)(2) in the con- House any measure or matter approved by RULE VII.—HEARING PROCEDURES duct of any investigation or activity or se- the Committee and take necessary steps to ries of investigations or activities, only (a) Announcement.—The Chairman, in the bring the measure or matter to a vote. when authorized by a majority of the mem- case of a hearing to be conducted by the (2) The report of the Committee on a meas- bers voting, a majority being present. Such Committee, and the appropriate subcommit- ure or matter which has been approved by authorized subpoenas shall be signed by the tee chairman, in the case of a hearing to be the Committee shall be filed within 7 cal- Chairman of the Committee or by any mem- conducted by a subcommittee, shall make endar days (exclusive of days on which the ber designated by the Committee. If a spe- public announcement of the date, place, and House is not in session) after the day on cific request for a subpoena has not been pre- subject matter of such hearing at least one which there has been filed with the clerk of viously rejected by either the Committee or week before the hearing. If the Chairman or the Committee a written request, signed by subcommittee, the Chairman of the Commit- the appropriate subcommittee chairman, as a majority of the members of the Commit- tee, after consultation with the ranking mi- the case may be, with the concurrence of the tee, for the reporting of that measure or nority member of the Committee, may au- ranking minority member of the Committee matter. Upon the filing of any such request, thorize and issue a subpoena under para- or subcommittee as appropriate, determines the clerk of the Committee shall transmit graph (a)(2) in the conduct of any investiga- there is good cause to begin the hearing immediately to the Chairman of the Com- tion or activity or series of investigations or sooner, or if the Committee or subcommittee mittee notice of the filing of that request. activities, and such subpoena shall for all so determines by majority vote, a quorum (b) Quorum; Roll Call Votes.—(1) No meas- purposes be deemed a subpoena issued by the being present for the transaction of business, ure, matter or recommendation shall be re- Committee. As soon as practicable after a the Chairman shall make the announcement ported from the Committee unless a major- subpoena is issued under this rule, the Chair- at the earliest possible date. The clerk of the ity of the Committee was actually present. man shall notify all members of the Commit- Committee shall promptly notify the Daily (2) With respect to each roll call vote on a tee of such action. Digest Clerk of the Congressional Record and motion to report any measure or matter of a H330 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 public character, and on any amendment of- resolution has been introduced with respect (c) Travel Requests.—The Chairman or any fered to the measure or matter, the total thereto), and shall on a continuing basis un- chairman of a subcommittee may initiate number of votes cast for and against, and the dertake future research and forecasting on necessary travel requests as provided in names of those members voting for and matters within the jurisdiction of the Com- Committee Rule XIII within the limits of the against, shall be included in the Committee mittee. consolidated budget as approved by the report on the measure or matter. (d) Review of Tax Policies.—The Committee House and the Chairman may execute nec- (c) Required Matters.—The report of the and the appropriate legislative subcommit- essary vouchers thereof. Committee on a measure or mater which has tee shall cooperatively review and study on a (d) Monthly Reports.—Once monthly, the been approved by the Committee shall in- continuing basis the impact or probable im- Chairman shall submit to the Committee on clude the items required to be included by pact of tax policies affecting subjects within House Oversight, in writing, a full and de- clauses 2(1)(3) and 2(1)(4) of Rule XI and the jurisdiction of the Committee. tailed accounting of all expenditures made clause 7 of Rule XIII of the Rules of the RULE X.—REVIEW OF CONTINUING PROGRAMS; during the period since the last such ac- House. BUDGET ACT PROVISIONS counting from the amount budgeted to the (d) Additional Views.—If, at the time of ap- (a) Ensuring Annual Appropriations.—The Committee. Such report shall show the proval of any measure or matter by the Com- Committee shall, in its consideration of all amount and purpose of such expenditure and mittee, any member of the Committee gives bills and joint resolutions of a public char- the budget to which such expenditure is at- notice of intention to file supplemental, mi- acter within its jurisdiction, ensure that ap- tributed. A copy of such monthly report nority, or additional views, that member propriations for continuing programs and ac- shall be available in the Committee office for shall be entitled to not less than two addi- tivities of the Federal Government and the review by members of the Committee. tional calendar days after the day of such District of Columbia government will be RULE XII.—COMMITTEE STAFF notice (excluding Saturdays, Sundays, and made annually to the maximum extent fea- (a) Appointment by Chairman.—The Chair- legal holidays) in which to file such views in sible and consistent with the nature, require- man shall appoint and determine the remu- accordance with clause 2(1)(5) of Rule XI of ments, and objectives of the programs and neration of, and may remove, the employees the Rules of the House. activities involved. For the purposes of this of the Committee not assigned to the minor- (e)(1) Approval of Committee Views.—All paragraph, a Government agency includes ity. The staff of the Committee not assigned Committee and subcommittee prints, re- the organization units of government listed to the minority shall be under the general ports, documents, or other materials, not in clause 7(d) of Rule XIII of the Rules of the supervision and direction of the Chairman, otherwise provided for under this rule, that House. who shall establish and assign the duties and purport to express publicly the views of the (b) Review of Multi-year Appropriations.— responsibilities of such staff members and Committee or any of its subcommittees or The Committee shall review from time to delegate such authority as he or she deter- members of the Committee or its sub- time, each continuing program within its ju- mines appropriate. committees shall be approved by the Com- risdiction for which appropriations are not (b) Appointment by Ranking Minority Mem- mittee or the subcommittee prior to printing made annually in order to ascertain whether ber.—The ranking minority member of the and distribution and any member shall be such program could be modified so that ap- Committee shall appoint and determine the given an opportunity to have views included propriations therefore would be made annu- remuneration of, and may remove, the staff as part of such material prior to printing, re- ally. assigned to the minority within the budget lease and distribution in accordance with (c) Views and Estimates.—The Committee approved for such purposes; except that no paragraph (d) of this rule. shall, on or before February 25 of each year, minority staff person shall be compensated (2) A Committee or subcommittee docu- submit to the Committee on the Budget (1) at a rate which exceeds that paid his or her ment containing views other than those of its views and estimates with respect to all majority party staff counterpart. The staff members of the Committee or subcommittee matters to be set forth in the concurrent res- assigned to the minority shall be under the shall not be published without approval of olution on the budget for the ensuing fiscal general supervision and direction of the the Committee or subcommittee. year which are within its jurisdiction or ranking minority member of the Committee functions, and (2) an estimate of the total who may delegate such authority as he or RULE IX.—OVERSIGHT amount of new budget authority, and budget she determines appropriate. (a) Purpose.—The Committee shall carry outlays resulting therefrom, to be provided (c) Intention Regarding Staff.—It is intended out oversight responsibilities as provided in or authorized in all bills and resolutions that the skills and experience of all members this rule in order to assist the House in— within its jurisdiction which it intends to be of the Committee staff shall be available to (1) its analysis, appraisal, and evaluation effective during that fiscal year. all members of the Committee. of (A) the application, administration, exe- (d) Budget Allocations.—As soon as prac- RULE XIII.—TRAVEL OF MEMBERS AND STAFF cution, and effectiveness of the laws enacted ticable after a concurrent resolution on the (a) Approval.—Consistent with the primary by the Congress, or (B) conditions and cir- budget for any fiscal year is agreed to, the expense resolution and such additional ex- cumstances which may indicate the neces- Committee (after consulting with the appro- pense resolutions as may have been ap- sity or desirability of enacting new or addi- priate committee or committees of the Sen- proved, the provisions of this rule shall gov- tional legislation, and ate) shall subdivide any allocations made to ern travel of Committee members and staff. (2) its formulation, consideration, and en- it in the joint explanatory statement accom- Travel to be reimbursed from funds set aside actment of such modifications or changes in panying the conference report on such reso- for the Committee for any member or any those laws, and of such additional legisla- lution, and promptly report such subdivi- staff member shall be paid only upon the tion, as may be necessary or appropriate. sions to the House, in the manner provided prior authorization of the Chairman. Travel (b) Oversight Plans.—Not later than Feb- by section 302 or section 602 (in the case of shall be authorized by the Chairman for any ruary 15 of the first session of each Congress, fiscal years 1991 through 1995) of the Congres- member and any staff member in connection the Committee shall adopt its oversight sional Budget Act of 1974. with the attendance of hearings conducted plans for that Congress in accordance with (e) Reconciliation.—Whenever the Commit- by the Committee or any subcommittee and clause 2(d)(1) of Rule X of the Rules of the tee is directed in a concurrent resolution on meetings, conferences, and investigations House. the budget to determine and recommend which involve activities or subject matter (c) Review of Laws and Programs.—The changes in laws, bills, or resolutions under under the general jurisdiction of the Com- Committee and the appropriate legislative the reconciliation process, it shall promptly mittee. Before such authorization is given subcommittee shall cooperatively review and make such determination and recommenda- there shall be submitted to the Chairman in study, on a continuing basis, the application, tions, and report a reconciliation bill or res- writing the following: administration, execution, and effectiveness olution (or both) to the House or submit such recommendations to the Committee on the (1) the purpose of the travel: of those laws, or parts of laws, the subject (2) the dates during which the travel is to Budget, in accordance with the Congres- matter of which is within the jurisdiction of be made and the date or dates of the event sional Budget Act of 1974. the Committee, and the organization and op- for which the travel is being made; eration of the Federal agencies and entities RULE XI.—COMMITTEE BUDGETS (3) the location of the event for which the having responsibilities in or for the adminis- (a) Biennial Budget.—The Chairman, in con- travel is to be made; tration and execution thereof, in order to de- sultation with the chairman of each sub- (4) the names of members and staff seeking termine whether such laws and the programs committee, the majority members of the authorization. thereunder are being implemented and car- Committee and the minority members of the (b) Subcommittee Travel.—In the case of ried out in accordance with the intent of the Committee, shall, for each Congress, prepare travel of members and staff of a subcommit- Congress and whether such programs should a consolidated Committee budget. Such tee to hearings, meetings, conferences, and be continued, curtailed, or eliminated. In ad- budget shall include necessary amounts for investigations involving activities or subject dition, the Committee and the appropriate staff personnel, necessary travel, investiga- matter under the legislative assignment of legislative subcommittee shall cooperatively tion, and other expenses of the Committee. such subcommittee, prior authorization review and study any conditions or cir- (b) Additional Expenses.—Authorization for must be obtained from the subcommittee cumstances which may indicate the neces- the payment of additional or unforeseen chairman and the Chairman. Such prior au- sity or desirability of enacting new or addi- Committee expenses may be procured by one thorization shall be given by the Chairman tional legislation within the jurisdiction of or more additional expense resolutions proc- only upon the representation by the chair- the Committee (whether or not any bill or essed in the same manner as set out herein. man of such subcommittee in writing setting February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H331 forth those items enumerated in subpara- shall serve as ex officio voting members on (c) Multiple Referrals.—In carrying out this graphs (1), (2), (3), and (4) of paragraph (a) each subcommittee. rule with respect to any matter, the Chair- and that there has been a compliance where (c) Ratios.—On each subcommittee there man may refer the matter simultaneously to applicable with Committee Rule VII. shall be a ratio of majority party members two or more subcommittees for concurrent (c) Travel Outside the United States.—(1) In to minority party members which shall be no consideration or for consideration in se- the case of travel outside the United States less favorable to the majority party than the quence (subject to appropriate time limita- of members and staff of the Committee or of ratio for the full Committee. In calculating tions in the case of any subcommittee after a subcommittee for the purpose of conduct- the ratio of majority party members to mi- the first), or divide the matter into two or ing hearings, investigations, studies, or at- nority party members, there shall be in- more parts (reflecting different subjects and tending meetings and conferences involving cluded the ex officio members of the sub- jurisdictions) and refer each such part to a activities or subject matter under the legis- committees. different subcommittee, or make such other lative assignment of the Committee or perti- (d) Conferees.—The Chairman of the Com- provisions as he or she considers appropriate. nent subcommittee, prior authorization mittee shall recommend to the Speaker as f must be obtained from the Chairman, or, in conferees the names of those members (1) of the case of a subcommittee from the sub- the majority party selected by the Chairman RULES OF PROCEDURE FOR THE committee chairman and the Chairman. Be- and (2) of the minority party selected by the COMMITTEE ON RESOURCES fore such authorization is given there shall ranking minority member of the Committee. 105TH CONGRESS be submitted to the Chairman, in writing, a Recommendations of conferees to the Speak- request for such authorization. Each request, er shall provide a ratio of majority party The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a which shall be filed in a manner that allows members to minority party members which previous order of the House, the gen- for a reasonable period of time for review be- shall be no less favorable to the majority tleman from Alaska [Mr. YOUNG] is rec- fore such travel is scheduled to begin, shall party than the ratio for the Committee. ognized for 5 minutes. include the following: RULE XV.—POWERS AND DUTIES OF Mr. YOUNG of Alaska. Mr. Speaker, (A) the purpose of the travel; SUBCOMMITTEES pursuant to clause 2(a) of rule XI of the (B) the dates during which the travel will (a) Authority to Sit.—Each subcommittee is Rules of the House of Representatives, occur; authorized to meet, hold hearings, receive I submit for publication in the CON- (C) the names of the countries to be visited evidence, and report to the full Committee GRESSIONAL RECORD the rules of proce- and the length of time to be spent in each; on all matters referred to it or under its ju- (D) an agenda of anticipated activities for risdiction. Subcommittee chairmen shall set dure for the 105th Congress adopted by each country for which travel is authorized dates for hearings and meetings of their re- the Committee on Resources on Feb- together with a description of the purpose to spective subcommittees after consultation ruary 5, 1997. be served and the areas of Committee juris- with the Chairman and other subcommittee RULES FOR THE COMMITTEE ON RESOURCES diction involved; and chairmen with a view toward avoiding simul- RULE 1. RULES OF THE HOUSE; VICE CHAIRMEN (E) the names of members and staff for taneous scheduling of full Committee and whom authorization is sought. subcommittee meetings or hearings when- (a) Applicability of House Rules. (2) Requests for travel outside the United ever possible. (1) The Rules of the House of Representa- States may be initiated by the Chairman or (b) Disclaimer.—All Committee or sub- tives, so far as they are applicable, are the the chairman of a subcommittee (except that committee reports printed pursuant to legis- rules of the Committee and its Subcommit- individuals may submit a request to the lative study or investigation and not ap- tees. Chairman for the purpose of attending a con- proved by a majority vote of the Committee (2) Each Subcommittee is part of the Com- ference or meeting) and shall be limited to or subcommittee, as appropriate, shall con- mittee and is subject to the authority, direc- members and permanent employees of the tain the following disclaimer on the cover of tion and rules of the Committee. References Committee. such report: ‘‘This report has not been offi- in these rules to ‘‘Committee’’ and ‘‘Chair- (3) At the conclusion of any hearing, inves- cially adopted by the Committee on (or per- man’’ shall apply to each Subcommittee and tigation, study, meeting or conference for tinent subcommittee thereof) and may not its Chairman wherever applicable. which travel has been authorized pursuant to therefore necessarily reflect the views of its (3) House Rule XI is incorporated and made this rule, each staff member involved in such members.’’ a part of the rules of the Committee to the travel shall submit a written report to the (c) Consideration by Committee.—Each bill, extent applicable. Chairman covering the activities and other resolution, or other matter favorably re- (b) Vice Chairmen.—Unless inconsistent pertinent observations or information gained ported by a subcommittee shall automati- with other rules, the Chairman shall appoint as a result of such travel. cally be placed upon the agenda of the Com- a Vice Chairman of the Committee and Vice (d) Applicability of Laws, Rules, Policies.— mittee. Any such matter reported by a sub- Chairmen of each of the Subcommittees. If Members and staff of the Committee per- committee shall not be considered by the the Chairman of the Committee or Sub- forming authorized travel on official busi- Committee unless it has been delivered to committee is not present at any meeting of ness shall be governed by applicable laws, the offices of all members of the Committee the Committee or Subcommittee, as the case resolutions, or regulations of the House and at least 48 hours before the meeting, unless may be, the Vice Chairman shall preside. If of the Committee on House Oversight per- the Chairman determines that the matter is the Vice Chairman is not present, the rank- taining to such travel, and by the travel pol- of such urgency that it should be given early ing Member of the Majority party on the icy of the Committee as set forth in the consideration. Where practicable, such mat- Committee or Subcommittee who is present Committee Travel Manual. ters shall be accompanied by a comparison shall preside at that meeting. RULE XIV.—ESTABLISHMENT OF SUBCOMMIT- with present law and a section-by-section RULE 2. MEETINGS IN GENERAL TEES; SIZE AND PARTY RATIOS; CONFERENCE analysis. (a) Scheduled Meetings.—The Committee COMMITTEES RULE XVI.—REFERRAL OF LEGISLATION TO shall meet at 11 a.m. on the first Wednesday (a) Establishment.—There shall be 6 stand- SUBCOMMITTEES of each month that the House is in session, ing subcommittees. These subcommittees, (a) General Requirement.—Except where the unless that meeting is canceled by the Chair- with the following sizes (including delegates) Chairman of the Committee determines, in man. The Committee shall also meet at the and majority/minority ratios are: consultation with the majority members of call of the Chairman subject to advance no- (1) Subcommittee on Aviation (llll the Committee, that consideration is to be tice to all Members of the Committee. Spe- Members: llll majority, llll minor- by the full Committee, each bill, resolution, cial meetings shall be called and convened ity) investigation, or other matter which relates by the Chairman as provided in clause 2(c)(2) (2) Subcommittee on Coast Guard and Mar- to a subject listed under the jurisdiction of of House Rule XI. Any Committee meeting itime Transportation (llll Members: any subcommittee established in Rule XIV or hearing that conflicts with a party cau- llll majority, llll minority) referred to or initiated by the full Commit- cus, conference, or similar party meeting (3) Subcommittee on Public Buildings and tee shall be referred by the Chairman to all shall be rescheduled at the discretion of the Economic Development (llll Members: subcommittees of appropriate jurisdiction Chairman, in consultation with the Ranking llll majority, llll minority) within two weeks. All bills shall be referred Minority Member. The Committee may not (4) Subcommittee on Railroads (llll to the subcommittee of proper jurisdiction sit during a joint session of the House and Members: llll majority, llll minor- without regard to whether the author is or is Senate or during a recess when a joint meet- ity) not a member of the subcommittee. ing of the House and Senate is in progress. (5) Subcommittee on Surface Transpor- (b) Recall from Subcommittee.—A bill, resolu- (b) Open Meetings.—Each meeting for the tation (llll Members: llll majority, tion, or other matter referred to a sub- transaction of business, including the mark- llll minority) committee in accordance with this rule may up of legislation, and each hearing of the (6) Subcommittee on Water Resources and be recalled therefrom at any time by a vote Committee or a Subcommittee shall be open Environment (llll Members: llll ma- of a majority of the members of the Commit- to the public except as provided by clause jority, llll minority). tee voting, a quorum being present, for the 2(g) of House Rule XI. (b) Ex Officio Members.—The Chairman and Committee’s direct consideration or for ref- (c) Broadcasting.—Whenever a meeting for ranking minority member of the Committee erence to another subcommittee. the transaction of business, including the H332 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 markup of legislation, or a hearing is open to (i) Layover and Copy of Bill.—No measure (f) Oaths.—The Chairman of the Commit- the public, that meeting or hearing shall be or recommendation reported by a Sub- tee or any Member designated by the Chair- open to coverage by television, radio, and committee shall be considered by the Com- man may administer oaths to any witness still photography in accordance with clause 3 mittee until two calendar days from the before the Committee. of House Rule XI. time of Subcommittee action. No bill shall (g) Opening Statements; Questioning of (d) Oversight Plan.—No later than Feb- be considered by the Committee unless a Witnesses. ruary 15 of the first session of each Congress, copy has been delivered to the office of each the Committee shall adopt its oversight Member of the Committee requesting a copy. (1) Opening statements by Members may plans for that Congress in accordance with These requirements may be waived by a ma- not be presented orally, unless the Chairman clause 2(d)(1) of House Rule X. jority vote of the Committee at the time of or his designee makes a statement, in which RULE 3. PROCEDURES IN GENERAL consideration of the measure or rec- case the Ranking Minority Member or his designee may also make a statement. If a (a) Agenda of Meetings; Information for ommendation. witness scheduled to testify at any hearing Members.—An agenda of the business to be (j) Access to Dais and Conference Room.— of the Committee is a constituent of a Mem- considered at meetings shall be delivered to Access to the hearing rooms’ daises and to ber of the Committee, that Member shall be the office of each Member of the Committee the conference rooms adjacent to the Com- entitled to introduce the witness at the hear- no later than 48 hours before the meeting. mittee hearing rooms shall be limited to ing. This requirement may be waived by a major- Members of Congress and employees of Con- gress during a meeting of the Committee. ity vote of the Committee at the time of the (2) The questioning of witnesses in Com- (k) Cellular Telephones.—The use of cel- consideration of the measure or matter. To mittee and Subcommittee hearings shall be lular telephones is prohibited on the Com- initiated by the Chairman, followed by the the extent practicable, a summary of the mittee dais during a meeting of the Commit- Ranking Minority Member and all other major provisions of any bill being considered tee. by the Committee, including the need for the Members alternating between the Majority RULE 4. HEARING PROCEDURES bill and its effect on current law, will be and Minority parties. In recognizing Mem- available for the Members of the Committee (a) Announcement.—The Chairman shall bers to question witnesses, the Chairman no later than 48 hours before the meeting. publicly announce the date, place, and sub- shall take into consideration the ratio of the (b) Meetings and Hearings to Begin ject matter of any hearing at least one week Majority to Minority Members present and Promptly.—Each meeting or hearing of the before the hearing unless the Chairman, with shall establish the order of recognition for Committee shall begin promptly at the time the concurrence of the Ranking Minority questioning in a manner so as not to dis- stipulated in the public announcement of the Member, determines that there is good cause advantage the Members of the Majority or meeting or hearing. to begin the hearing sooner, or if the Com- the Members of the Minority. A motion is in (c) Addressing the Committee.—A Commit- mittee so determines by majority vote. In order to allow an equal number of designated tee Member may address the Committee or a these cases, the Chairman shall publicly an- Majority and Minority party Members to Subcommittee on any bill, motion, or other nounce the hearing at the earliest possible question a witness for a specified period. matter under consideration or may question date. The Clerk of the Committee shall This period shall not exceed 30 minutes total a witness at a hearing only when recognized promptly notify the Daily Digest Clerk of for the Majority party Members and 30 min- by the Chairman for that purpose. The time the Congressional Record and shall promptly utes total for the Minority party Members. a Member may address the Committee or enter the appropriate information into the (h) Investigative Hearings.—Clause 2 of Subcommittee for any purpose or to question Committee scheduling service of the House House Rule XI shall govern investigative a witness shall be limited to five minutes, Information Systems as soon as possible hearings of the Committee and its Sub- except as provided in Committee rule 4(g). A after the public announcement is made. committees. Member shall limit his remarks to the sub- (b) Written Statement; Oral Testimony.— Each witness who is to appear before the ject matter under consideration. The Chair- RULE 5. FILING OF COMMITTEE REPORTS man shall enforce the preceding provision. Committee or a Subcommittee shall file (d) Quorums. with the Clerk of the Committee or Sub- (a) Duty of Chairman.—Whenever the Com- (1) A majority of the Members shall con- committee, at least two working days before mittee authorizes the favorable reporting of stitute a quorum for the reporting of any the day of his or her appearance, a written a measure from the Committee, the Chair- measure or recommendation, the authorizing statement of proposed testimony. Each wit- man or his designee shall report the same to of a subpoena or the closing of any meeting ness shall limit his or her oral presentation the House of Representatives and shall take or hearing to the public under clause 2(g) of to a five-minute summary of the written all steps necessary to secure its passage House Rule XI. Testimony and evidence may statement, unless the Chairman, in consulta- without any additional authority needing to be received at any hearing at which there are tion with the Ranking Minority Member, ex- be set forth in the motion to report each in- at least two Members of the Committee tends this time period. dividual measure. In appropriate cases, the present. For the purpose of transacting all (c) Minority Witnesses.—When any hearing authority set forth in this rule shall extend other business of the Committee, one third is conducted by the Committee or any Sub- to moving in accordance with the Rules of of the Members shall constitute a quorum. committee upon any measure or matter, the the House of Representatives that the House (2) When a call of the roll is required to as- Minority party Members on the Committee be resolved into the Committee of the Whole certain the presence of a quorum, the offices or Subcommittee shall be entitled, upon re- House on the State of the Union for the con- of all Members shall be notified and the quest to the Chairman by a majority of those sideration of the measure; and to moving in Members shall have not less than 10 minutes Minority Members before the completion of accordance with the Rules of the House of to prove their attendance. The Chairman the hearing, to call witnesses selected by the Representatives for the disposition of a Sen- shall have the discretion to waive this re- Minority to testify with respect to that ate measure that is substantially the same quirement when a quorum is actually measure or matter during at least one day of as the House measure as reported. hearings thereon. present or whenever a quorum is secured and (b) Filing.—A report on a measure which (d) Information for Members.—After an- may direct the Clerk to note the names of all has been approved by the Committee shall be nouncement of a hearing, the Committee Members present within the 10-minute pe- filed within seven calendar days (exclusive of shall make available as soon as practicable riod. days on which the House of Representatives to all Members of the Committee a tentative (e) Participation of Members in Committee is not in session) after the day on which witness list and to the extent practicable a and Subcommittees.—All Members of the there has been filed with the Committee memorandum explaining the subject matter Committee may sit with any Subcommittee Clerk a written request, signed by a majority of the hearing (including relevant legislative during any hearing, and by unanimous con- of the Members of the Committee, for the re- reports and other necessary material). In ad- sent of the Members of the Subcommittee porting of that measure. Upon the filing with dition, the Chairman shall make available to may participate in any meeting or hearing. the Committee Clerk of this request, the the Members of the Committee any official However, a Member who is not a Member of Clerk shall transmit immediately to the reports from departments and agencies on the Subcommittee may not vote on any mat- Chairman notice of the filing of that request. ter before the Subcommittee, be counted for the subject matter as they are received. purposes of establishing a quorum or raise (e) Subpoenas.—The Committee may au- (c) Supplemental, Additional or Minority points of order. thorize and issue a subpoena under clause Views.—Any Member may, if notice is given (f) Proxies.—No vote in the Committee or 2(m) of House Rule XI if authorized by a ma- at the time a bill or resolution is approved Subcommittee may be cast by proxy. jority of the Members voting. In addition, by the Committee, file supplemental, addi- (g) Roll Call Votes.—Roll call votes shall the Chairman of the Committee may author- tional, or minority views. These views must be ordered on the demand of one-fifth of the ize and issue subpoenas during any period of be in writing and signed by each Member Members present, or by any Member in the time in which the House of Representatives joining therein and be filed with the Com- apparent absence of a quorum. has adjourned for more than three days. Sub- mittee Clerk not less than two additional (h) Motion.—A motion to recess from day poenas shall be signed by the Chairman of calendar days (excluding Saturdays, Sundays to day and a motion to dispense with the the Committee, or any Member of the Com- and legal holidays except when the House is first reading (in full) of a bill or resolution, mittee authorized by the Committee, and in session on those days) of the time the bill if printed copies are available, are nondebat- may be served by any person designated by or resolution is approved by the Committee. able motions of high privilege. the Chairman or Member. This paragraph shall not preclude the filing February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H333 of any supplemental report on any bill or Subcommittee on Forests and Forest Health mined lands, the environmental effects of resolution that may be required for the cor- (1) Except in Alaska, forest reservations, mining, and the management of mineral re- rection of any technical error in a previous including management thereof, created from ceipts, mineral land laws and claims, long- report made by the Committee on that bill the public domain. range mineral programs and deep seabed or resolution. (2) Except for forest lands in Alaska, public mining. (d) Review by Members.—Each Member of forest lands generally, including measures or (5) Mining schools, experimental stations the Committee shall be given an opportunity matters related to entry, easements, with- and long-range mineral programs. to review each proposed Committee report drawals and grazing. (6) Mineral resources on public lands. before it is filed with the Clerk of the House (3) Except in Alaska, Federal reserved (7) Conservation and development of oil of Representatives. Nothing in this para- water rights on forest reserves. and gas resources of the Outer Continental graph extends the time allowed for filing (4) Wild and Scenic Rivers System, Na- Shelf. supplemental, additional or minority views tional Trails System, national heritage areas (8) Petroleum conservation on the public under paragraph (c). and other national units established for pro- lands and conservation of the radium supply (e) Disclaimer.—All Committee or Sub- tection, conservation, preservation or rec- in the United States. committee reports printed pursuant to legis- reational development administered by the (9) General and continuing oversight and lative study or investigation and not ap- Secretary of Agriculture. investigative authority over activities, poli- proved by a majority vote of the Committee (5) Federal and non-Federal outdoor recre- cies and programs within the jurisdiction of or Subcommittee, as appropriate, shall con- ation plans, programs and administration in the Subcommittee. tain the following disclaimer on the cover of public forests. (b) Full Committee.—The Full Committee the report: (6) General and continuing oversight and shall have the following jurisdiction and re- ‘‘This report has not been officially adopt- investigative authority over activities, poli- sponsibilities: ed by the [Committee on Resources] [Sub- cies and programs within the jurisdiction of (1) Measures and matters concerning the committee] and may not therefore nec- the Subcommittee. transportation of natural gas from or within essarily reflect the views of its Members.’’. Alaska and disposition of oil transported by Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wild- RULE 6. ESTABLISHMENT OF SUBCOMMITTEES; the trans-Alaska oil pipeline. life and Oceans FULL COMMITTEE JURISDICTION; BILL REFER- (2) Measures and matters relating to Alas- RALS (1) Fisheries management and fisheries re- ka public lands, including forestry and forest (a) Subcommittees.—There shall be five search generally, including the management management issues, and Federal reserved standing Subcommittees of the Committee, of all commercial and recreational fisheries, water rights. with the following jurisdiction and respon- the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation (3) Environmental and habitat measures sibilities: and Management Act, interjurisdictional and matters of general applicability. fisheries, international fisheries agreements, (4) Measures relating to the welfare of Na- Subcommittee on National Parks and Public aquaculture, seafood safety and fisheries pro- tive Americans, including management of Lands motion. Indian lands in general and special measures (1) Measures and matters related to the (2) Wildlife resources, including research, relating to claims which are paid out of In- National Park System and its units, includ- restoration, refuges and conservation. dian funds. ing Federal reserve water rights. (3) All matters pertaining to the protection (5) All matters regarding the relations of (2) The National Wilderness Preservation of coastal and marine environments, includ- the United States with the Indians and the System, except for wilderness created from ing estuarine protection. Indian tribes, including special oversight forest reserves from the public domain, and (4) Coastal barriers. functions under clause 3(e) of Rule X of the wilderness in Alaska. (5) Oceanography. Rules of the House of Representatives. (3) Wild and Scenic Rivers System, Na- (6) Ocean engineering, including materials, (6) All matters regarding Native Alaskans tional Trails System, national heritage areas technology and systems. and Native Hawaiians. and other national units established for pro- (7) Coastal zone management. (7) All matters related to the Federal trust tection, conservation, preservation or rec- (8) Marine sanctuaries. responsibility to Native Americans and the reational development administered by the (9) U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea. sovereignty of Native Americans. Secretary of the Interior, other than coastal (10) Sea Grant programs and marine exten- (8) All matters regarding insular areas of barriers. sion services. the United States. (4) Military parks and battlefields, na- (11) General and continuing oversight and (9) All measures or matters regarding the tional cemeteries administered by the Sec- investigative authority over activities, poli- Freely Associated States and Antarctica. retary of the Interior, parks in and within cies and programs within the jurisdiction of (10) Cooperative efforts to encourage, en- the vicinity of the District of Columbia and the Subcommittee. hance and improve international programs the erection of monuments to the memory of for the protection of the environment and individuals. Subcommittee on Water and Power the conservation of natural resources within (5) Federal outdoor recreation plans, pro- (1) Generation and marketing of electric the jurisdiction of the Committee. grams and administration including the power from Federal water projects by Feder- (11) All measures and matters retained by Land and Water Conservation Fund, except ally chartered or Federal regional marketing the Full Committee under Committee rule those in public forests. authorities. 6(e). (6) Plans and programs concerning non- (2) All measures and matters concerning (12) General and continuing oversight and Federal outdoor recreation and land use, in- water resources planning conducted pursu- investigative authority over activities, poli- cluding related plans and programs author- ant to the Water Resources Planning Act, cies and programs within the jurisdiction of ized by the Land and Water Conservation water resource research and development the Committee under House Rule X. Fund Act of 1965 and the Outdoor Recreation programs and saline water research and de- (c) Ex-officio Members.—The Chairman Act of 1963, except those in public forests. velopment. and Ranking Minority Member of the Com- (7) Preservation of prehistoric ruins and (3) Compacts relating to the use and appor- mittee may serve as ex-officio, Members of objects of interest on the public domain and tionment of interstate waters, water rights each standing Subcommittee to which the other historic preservation programs and ac- and major interbasin water or power move- Chairman or the Ranking Minority Member tivities, including national monuments, his- ment programs. have not been assigned. Ex-officio Members toric sites and programs for international (4) All measures and matters pertaining to shall have the right to fully participate in cooperation in the field of historic preserva- irrigation and reclamation projects and Subcommittee activities but may not vote tion. other water resources development pro- and may not be counted in establishing a (8) Matters concerning the following agen- grams, including policies and procedures. quorum. cies and programs: Urban Parks and Recre- (5) General and continuing oversight and (d) Powers and Duties of Subcommittees.— ation Recovery Program, Historic American investigative authority over activities, poli- Each Subcommittee is authorized to meet, Buildings Survey, Historic American Engi- cies and programs within the jurisdiction of hold hearings, receive evidence and report to neering Record, and U.S. Holocaust Memo- the Subcommittee. rial. the Committee on all matters within its ju- (9) Except for public lands in Alaska, pub- Subcommittee on Energy and Mineral Resources risdiction. Each Subcommittee shall review lic lands generally, including measures or (1) All measures and matters concerning and study, on a continuing basis, the appli- matters relating to entry, easements, with- the U.S. Geological Survey, except for the cation, administration, execution and effec- drawals, grazing and Federal reserved water activities and programs of the Water Re- tiveness of those statutes, or parts of stat- rights. sources Division or its successor. utes, the subject matter of which is within (10) Forfeiture of land grants and alien (2) All measures and matters affecting geo- that Subcommittee’s jurisdiction; and the ownership, including alien ownership of min- thermal resources. organization, operation, and regulations of eral lands. (3) Conservation of United States uranium any Federal agency or entity having respon- (11) General and continuing oversight and supply. sibilities in or for the administration of such investigative authority over activities, poli- (4) Mining interests generally, including statutes, to determine whether these stat- cies and programs within the jurisdiction of all matters involving mining regulations and utes are being implemented and carried out the Subcommittee. enforcement, including the reclamation of in accordance with the intent of Congress. H334 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 Each Subcommittee shall review and study man shall recommend to the Speaker as con- (e) Monthly Reports.—Copies of each any conditions or circumstances indicating ferees those Majority Members, as well as monthly report, prepared by the Chairman the need of enacting new or supplemental those Minority Members recommended to for the Committee on House Oversight, legislation within the jurisdiction of the the Chairman by the Ranking Minority which shows expenditures made during the Subcommittee. Member, primarily responsible for the meas- reporting period and cumulative for the (e) Referral to Subcommittees; Recall. ure. The ratio of Majority Members to Mi- year, anticipated expenditures for the pro- (1) Except as provided in paragraph (2) and nority Members recommended for con- jected Committee program, and detailed in- for those matters within the jurisdiction of ferences shall be no greater than the ratio on formation on travel, shall be available to the Full Committee, every legislative meas- the Committee. each Member. ure or other matter referred to the Commit- RULE 9. COMMITTEE RECORDS RULE 11. COMMITTEE STAFF tee shall be referred to the Subcommittee of jurisdiction within two weeks of the date of (a) Segregation of Records.—All Commit- (a) Rules and Policies.—Committee staff its referral to the Committee. If any measure tee records shall be kept separate and dis- members are subject to the provisions of or matter is within or affects the jurisdic- tinct from the office records of individual clause 6 of House Rule XI, as well as any tion of one or more Subcommittees, the Committee Members serving as Chairmen or written personnel policies the Committee Chairman may refer that measure or matter Ranking Minority Members. These records may from time to time adopt. simultaneously to two or more Subcommit- shall be the property of the House and all (b) Majority and Nonpartisan Staff.—The tees for concurrent consideration or for con- Members shall have access to them in ac- Chairman shall appoint, determine the re- sideration in sequence subject to appropriate cordance with clause 2(e)(2) of House Rule muneration of, and may remove, the legisla- time limits, or divide the matter into two or XI. tive/investigative and administrative em- more parts and refer each part to a Sub- (b) Availability.—The Committee shall ployees of the Committee not assigned to the committee. make available to the public for review at Minority. The legislative/investigative and (2) The Chairman, with the approval of a reasonable times in the Committee office the administrative staff of the Committee not majority of the Majority Members of the following records: assigned to the Minority shall be under the Committee, may order a legislative measure (1) transcripts of public meetings and hear- general supervision and direction of the or other matter retained for consideration ings, except those that are unrevised or un- Chairman, who shall establish and assign the by the Full Committee or refer it to a select edited and intended solely for the use of the duties and responsibilities of these staff or special Subcommittee. A legislative meas- Committee; and members and delegate any authority he de- ure or other matter referred by the Chair- (2) the result of each rollcall vote taken in termines appropriate. man to a Subcommittee may be recalled the Committee, including a description of (c) Minority Staff.—The Ranking Minority from the Subcommittee for direct consider- the amendment, motion, order or other prop- Member of the Committee shall appoint, de- ation by the Full Committee, or for referral osition voted on, the name of each Commit- termine the remuneration of, and may re- to another Subcommittee, provided Members tee Member voting for or against a propo- move, the legislative/investigative and ad- of the Committee receive one week written sition, and the name of each Member present ministrative staff assigned to the Minority notice of the recall and a majority of the but not voting. within the budget approved for those pur- Members of the Committee do not object. In (c) Archived Records.—Records of the Com- poses. The legislative/investigative and ad- addition, a legislative measure or other mat- mittee which are deposited with the Na- ministrative staff assigned to the Minority ter referred by the Chairman to a Sub- tional Archives shall be made available pur- shall be under the general supervision and committee may be recalled from the Sub- suant to the Rules of the House of Represent- direction of the Ranking Minority Member committee at any time by majority vote of atives. The Chairman of the Committee shall of the Committee who may delegate any au- the Committee for direct consideration by notify the Ranking Minority Member of any thority he determines appropriate. the Full Committee or for referral to an- decision to withhold a record pursuant to the (d) Availability.—The skills and services of other Subcommittee. Rules of the House of Representatives, and (f) Consultation.—Each Subcommittee all Committee staff shall be available to all shall present the matter to the Committee Members of the Committee. Chairman shall consult with the Chairman of upon written request of any Committee the Full Committee prior to setting dates for RULE 12. COMMITTEE TRAVEL Member. Subcommittee meetings with a view towards (d) Records of Closed Meetings—Notwith- In addition to any written travel policies avoiding whenever possible conflicting Com- standing the other provisions of this rule, no the Committee may from time to time mittee and Subcommittee meetings. records of Committee meetings or hearings adopt, all travel of Members and staff of the (g) Vacancy.—A vacancy in the member- Committee or its Subcommittees, to hear- ship of a Subcommittee shall not affect the which were closed to the public pursuant to the Rules of the House of Representatives ings, meetings, conferences and investiga- power of the remaining Members to execute tions, including all foreign travel, must be the functions of the Subcommittee. shall be released to the public unless the Committee votes to release those records in authorized by the Full Committee Chairman RULE 7. TASK FORCES, SPECIAL OR SELECT accordance with the procedure used to close prior to any public notice of the travel and SUBCOMMITTEES the Committee meeting. prior to the actual travel. In the case of Mi- (a) Appointment.—The Chairman of the (e) Classified Materials.—All classified ma- nority staff, all travel shall first be approved Committee is authorized, after consultation terials shall be maintained in an appro- by the Ranking Minority Member. Funds au- with the Ranking Minority Member, to ap- priately secured location and shall be re- thorized for the Committee under clause 5 of point Task Forces, or special or select Sub- leased only to authorized persons for review, House Rule XI are for expenses incurred in committees, to carry out the duties and who shall not remove the material from the the Committee’s activities within the United functions of the Committee. Committee offices without the written per- States. (b) Ex-Officio Members.—The Chairman mission of the Chairman. RULE 13. CHANGES TO COMMITTEE RULES and Ranking Minority Member of the Com- mittee shall serve as ex-officio Members of RULE 10. COMMITTEE BUDGET AND EXPENSES The rules of the Committee may be modi- each Task Force, or special or select Sub- (a) Budget.—At the beginning of each Con- fied, amended, or repealed, by a majority committee. gress, after consultation with the Chairman vote of the Committee, provided that 48 (c) Party Ratios.—The ratio of Majority of each Subcommittee, the Chairman shall hours written notice of the proposed change Members to Minority Members, excluding propose and present to the Committee for its has been provided each Member of the Com- ex-officio Members, on each Task Force, spe- approval a budget covering the funding re- mittee prior to the meeting date on which cial or select Subcommittee shall be as close quired for staff, travel, and miscellaneous the changes are to be discussed and voted on. as practicable to the ratio on the Full Com- expenses. A change to the rules of the Committee shall mittee. (b) Expense Resolution.—Upon approval by be published in the Congressional Record no (d) Temporary Resignation.—A Member the Committee of each budget, the Chair- later than 30 days after its approval. can temporarily resign his or her position on man, acting pursuant to clause 5 of House RULE 14. OTHER PROCEDURES a Subcommittee to serve on a Task Force, Rule XI, shall prepare and introduce in the The Chairman may establish procedures special or select Subcommittee without prej- House a supporting expense resolution, and and take actions as may be necessary to udice to the Member’s seniority on the Sub- take all action necessary to bring about its carry out the rules of the Committee or to committee. approval by the Committee on House Over- facilitate the effective administration of the (e) Chairman and Ranking Minority Mem- sight and by the House of Representatives. Committee, in accordance with the rules of ber.—The Chairman of any Task Force, or (c) Amendments.—The Chairman shall re- the Committee and the Rules of the House of special or select Subcommittee shall be ap- port to the Committee any amendments to Representatives. pointed by the Chairman of the Committee. each expense resolution and any related f The Ranking Minority Members shall select changes in the budget. a Ranking Minority Member for each Task (d) Additional Expenses.—Authorization EDUCATION AT A CROSSROADS Force, or standing, special or select Sub- for the payment of additional or unforeseen committee. Committee expenses may be procured by one The SPEAKER pro tempore. Under a RULE 8. RECOMMENDATION OF CONFEREES or more additional expense resolutions proc- previous order of the House, the gen- Whenever it becomes necessary to appoint essed in the same manner as set out under tleman from Michigan [Mr. HOEKSTRA] conferees on a particular measure, the Chair- this rule. is recognized for 60 minutes. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H335 Mr. HOEKSTRA. Mr. Speaker, I want What is the vision or what is the pic- Again, what works? Basic academics, to continue the dialog on education. ture that many people have of edu- parental involvement. Each one of In my role in Congress I have the op- cation today when they are asked these schools really has had parental portunity to serve as chairman of the about it? The general public see three involvement. Parents feel like they Subcommittee on Oversight and Inves- recurring images: They see metal de- have control of their school. And when tigations of the Committee on Edu- tectors in high schools, they see kids parents have the opportunity to con- cation and the Workforce. In that com- outside of the school during school trol their school and to be involved mittee last year, we researched the Of- hours, and they see checkout clerks with their kids, it makes a difference. fice of Management and Budget docu- who cannot make change. You put this Each one of these had a strong inspira- ments to get a better understanding of all together, it is clear something tional leader who had a vision for their how the executive branch defined edu- needs to be done in education. school and is driving to make that cation at the Federal level. In re- We have known this for quite some school serve the patients and the kids searching their documents we found time. The Federal Government’s solu- and not a bureaucracy. out that when you take a look at edu- tion, as I outlined earlier, 760 bureauc- We are focusing on dollars to the cation from a Washington level, you racies or programs spread across 39 de- classroom. A study that was just com- find 760 programs spread over 39 dif- partments, agencies, and commissions, pleted said that when a dollar comes to ferent agencies spending about $120 bil- spending 120 billion in taxpayers’ dol- Washington, only 85 cents of it makes lion per year. lars on education in 1995. it back into the classroom. And that is Our work in the last Congress has led What are these programs focused on? when you are only taking a look at the us to initiate a new project here in Of the programs, 3.6 percent are science Federal bureaucracy. If you take a 1997. We call that project Education At related, 1.9 percent are reading related, look at the applications that local A Crossroads: What Works and What is and 1.1 percent are math related. Less school districts and States have to Wasted. than 10 percent of these programs are What we are really saying is before spend time and effort and energy on to focused on either science, reading, or get these Federal dollars, if you take a we begin any major new initiatives in math. What else do they do? One of the the education area, let us take a look look at the time and expense that they programs pays for closed captioning of have to monitor their programs and at this broad range of Federal pro- things like ‘‘Baywatch.’’ grams and find out what really is send reports back to Washington, I am That is an educational program. Per- sure that you could take a look at working and what is not working. Let haps the problem we have in Washing- us go around the country and take a these dollars that go to Washington ton is not that we are not spending and say for every dollar that goes to look at local school districts, at par- enough dollars or that we have too ents, at teachers, and at school boards Washington, probably less than 60 or 65 many programs, we are spending it on cents of it makes it back into the that are educating kids and providing a the wrong things. That is why we are good environment where kids can classroom. saying before we embark on major new This is not about moving more learn. programs and major new initiatives, Last night the President really did money and bigger programs into Wash- let us take a look at what we are doing not spend a lot of time talking about ington, this is about taking the dollars today. it, the specific problems, but he did that Washington has committed to I think we all believe that when it highlight, obviously, the area of edu- spending on education and getting comes to education we can do better, cation. At many different levels we can them back in the classroom. we need to do better. Our children only say that education may be in some- begin to receive a high quality edu- One of the exciting things we are what of a crisis, or there are symptoms cation—we have heard this from hear- going to be doing is we are going to be that say we may have a significant ings, we have gone into a number of going back to the Department of Edu- problem. areas around the country—when what? cation, these other 38 agencies, and Statistics tell us that one-half of all saying how hard is it to apply for these adult Americans are functionally illit- When we focus on basic academics, where we have strong parental involve- grants? How complex is the process? erate. This includes not being able to How many people are applying for how write a letter to explain a billing error ment, and where dollars end up in the classroom and do not get sucked up by many grants? What kind of paperwork or figure out a departure on a bus is involved once people receive these schedule. Sixty-four percent of 12th a bureaucracy. Let us talk about some of the goals grants? When they file reports back to graders do not read at a proficient Washington, when they send them back level. In many cases these students and some of the programs that we are working on and some of the process to the Education Department, does cannot read their own high school di- anybody read them? Is any action plomas. In international comparisons, that we are going to go through. In Crossroads With Education, we are taken off of these reports? United States students scored worse in The Federal dollars going into the math than any other major industri- going around the country taking a look District. We have done superintendent alized country except for Jordan. at classes and at schools that work surveys and the one message we get Now, if we take that down another where kids learn. level, last week we had a hearing out in We have had the opportunity to go to back consistently is, yeah, the broad California. In California, think about east Harlem, some of the toughest outlines and the things that you are this, 25 percent of all the students en- neighborhoods in the country. We have trying to solve from Washington work, tering higher education need remedial gone to schools in public housing but when you send us the dollars, the education. They have graduated from projects in Chicago. Last week we were parameters are so tight, yeah, we do high school, they have been accepted in south central L.A. The exciting what you tell us to do, but that does into college, and now they need reme- thing about each one of these areas and not really enable us to do what we need dial education. What does that mean? each one of these neighborhoods is we to do and what we want to do in our It means that they cannot read or saw schools that were providing a won- schools. write at an eighth grade level. derful environment for learning, and It leads to the comment of one of the In Michigan, our Governor may pro- they were not doing it because of Fed- principals that we talked to last week. pose that he needs and the State needs eral programs. In most cases they were When she was talking she said, when I to take over eight failing school dis- doing it in spite of Federal programs. worked in the public school district tricts because they have high dropout They were experimenting and they and I was a public school principal, be- rates, low test scores, and low gradua- were doing innovative things where fore I became a public school principal tion rates. there was a barrier to them getting in a charter school, I had to worry Right here in Washington, DC, right Federal dollars. The Federal Govern- about not the 3 R’s, I had to worry outside of this building, we are spend- ment, in many of its laws, is actually about the 3 B’s. That is kind of like her ing $8,300 per student and we are get- stopping innovation and creativity at reaction working either with her ting some of the lowest test scores in the local level rather than facilitating school district or working with the the country. it. Federal Government. H336 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 The 3 B’s. What are they? I had to question, Why are kids not learning (The following Members (at the re- worry about bussing. Are the buses today? We have at least 14 literacy pro- quest of Mr. RILEY) to revise and ex- running on time? grams in the Federal Government. Kids tend their remarks and include extra- b 1645 are spending 6 to 7 hours a day in neous material:) school. Why are they not learning Mr. SMITH of Michigan, for 5 minutes I had to worry about budgets to make today? Do we need to revamp these 14 each day, today and on February 11. sure that the dollars fell in the right literacy programs? Do we need to take Mr. PITTS, for 5 minutes, today. categories and that I stayed within the a look at what is going on in the class- Mr. FOLEY, for 5 minutes, today. budget. And then I had to worry about room? (The following Member (at her own the buts. What are the buts? The buts Those are the kinds of questions that request) to revise and extend her re- are every time I had a good idea and over the next 6 to 12 months, the Edu- marks and include extraneous mate- every time my parents came into the cation and Oversight Subcommittee is rial:) school with a good idea about what going to be looking at. As we develop Mrs. LOWEY, for 5 minutes, today. they wanted to do in this school and I answers to those kinds of questions, we (The following Member (at his own went to the centralized administration, will be developing, hopefully in col- request) to revise and extend his re- I would get the comment back, ‘‘That laboration with the President, the pro- marks and include extraneous mate- is a good idea, but if we let you do it, posals that will put kids in front of bu- rial:) everybody else will have to be able to reaucrats, it will move dollars into the Mr. OWENS, for 5 minutes, today. do it.’’ classroom, and it will move us in edu- f ‘‘But the rules don’t allow for that.’’ cation back to focusing on the basics, ‘‘But yet we can’t do that.’’ reading, writing, and math. EXTENSION OF REMARKS ‘‘But we’ve never done that before.’’ Like I said earlier, the wonderful When the parents took over that thing about this project is I have seen By unanimous consent, permission to school and created a public school, but success stories from one end of the revise and extend remarks was granted a charter public school with parental country to the next. It is about com- to: involvement, the buts went away and mon sense, it is about getting back to (The following Members (at the re- we now have a high quality, high per- the basics and it is about doing the quest of Mr. PALLONE) and to include forming school in one of the toughest right things. extraneous material:) areas in one of our major cities. As we work on getting back to that Mr. BENTSEN. We want to minimize what is wasted commonsense approach, we can and we Mr. BECERRA. in education. We want dollars back will improve education. It is an excit- Mr. BLUMENAUER. into the classroom. We want the dol- ing process and an exciting challenge Mr. ACKERMAN. lars focused on what really works. And on which to work. Mr. STARK. Ms. HARMAN. it is really important that we work in f a collaborative fashion, that we work Ms. SANCHEZ. in a collaborative fashion with parents, LEAVE OF ABSENCE Mr. TOWNS. with school boards, with local school By unanimous consent, leave of ab- Ms. NORTON. boards to ensure that they are given sence was granted to: (The following Members (at the re- the tools and the control to create the Mr. OBEY (at the request of Mr. GEP- quest of Mr. RILEY) and to include ex- schools that best meet the needs of HARDT) for today on account of illness. traneous material:) their kids. Mr. FOGLIETTA (at the request of Mr. Ms. MOLINARI. What we are going to be doing, we GEPHARDT) for today on account of ill- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. are going to be continuing this process ness. Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. for the next 12 months. Obviously we Mrs. CARSON (at the request of Mr. Mrs. ROUKEMA. have done a lot of work in 1996. We GEPHARDT) for today on account of ill- Mr. GILMAN, in two instances. have already done a lot of work in 1997. ness. Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. But before we go out and spend another Mr. BARRETT of Wisconsin (at the re- (The following Members (at the re- $50 billion as Band-Aids on a system quest of Mr. GEPHARDT) for today on quest of Mr. HOEKSTRA) and to include that is currently broken, we need to account of the birth of a baby girl. extraneous material:) evaluate the current system and put Mrs. CHENOWETH (at the request of Mr. GALLEGLY. the money into things that work. Mr. ARMEY) for today and the balance Mrs. MYRICK. There are wonderful success stories of the week on account of the death of Mr. STUMP. out there, there are wonderful environ- her mother. Mr. MORAN of Virginia in two in- ments, there are wonderful schools, Mr. YOUNG of Florida (at the request stances. and they are all wonderful kids and of Mr. ARMEY) for today and for the Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas they are learning. What we need to do balance of the week on account of a in two instances. is to make sure that we help them and death in the family. Mr. KUCINICH in two instances. do not continue to hurt them with pro- Mr. HOYER (at the request of Mr. Mr. LEVIN. grams from Washington that do not GEPHARDT) for today on account of ill- Mr. FILNER in two instances. work. ness in the family. Mr. BASS. Why are we experiencing some of the f Mrs. MORELLA in two instances. failure today? Too often we have put Mr. GALLEGLY. bureaucrats ahead of kids. When we get SPECIAL ORDERS GRANTED Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey in two in- done with education reform in this By unanimous consent, permission to stances. Congress, we are going to put kids address the House, following the legis- Mr. FARR of California. ahead of bureaucrats. Too often we lative program and any special orders Mrs. KELLY. have put social engineering ahead of heretofore entered, was granted to: Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. the basics. It is time to focus on read- (The following Members (at the re- Mrs. LOWEY. ing, writing, and math. It is time to quest of Mr. PALLONE) to revise and ex- Mr. PACKARD. focus on the basics. tend their remarks and include extra- Mr. MCDERMOTT. We have put money into the bureauc- neous material:) Mr. TRAFICANT. racy, not into the classroom. We need Mr. UNDERWOOD, for 5 minutes, today. Mr. RIGGS. to move the dollars out of the bureauc- Mr. SKAGGS, for 5 minutes, today. Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts in two racy. We need to move the dollars to Ms. SLAUGHTER, for 5 minutes, today. instances. the local level so that they can get into Ms. NORTON, for 5 minutes, today. Mr. BARCIA. the classroom. Mr. PALLONE, for 5 minutes, today. Mr. ENGEL. Before we put 1 million new tutors on Mr. FARR of California, for 5 minutes, Mrs. KENNELLY of Connecticut. the streets, we need to ask the basic today. Ms. KAPTUR. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H337 SENATE CONCURRENT Inspection Service, transmitting the Serv- quest to make available appropriations to- RESOLUTION REFERRED ice’s final rule—Change in Disease Status of taling $212,000,000 in budget authority for the Great Britain Because of Exotic Newcastle Department of Health and Human Services’ A concurrent resolution of the Sen- Disease [Docket No. 97–003–1] received Feb- Low Income Home Energy Assistance Pro- ate of the following title was taken ruary 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. gram, and designate the amount made avail- from the Speaker’s table and, under 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- able as an emergency requirement pursuant the rule, referred as follows: culture. to section 251(b)(2)(d)(i) of the Balanced 1395. A letter from the Acting Executive Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act S. Con. Res. 4. Concurrent Resolution com- Director, Commodity Futures Trading Com- of 1985, as amended—Received in the U.S. mending and thanking the Honorable Warren mission, transmitting the Commission’s House of Representatives January 31, 1997, Christopher for his exemplary service as Sec- final rule—Financial Reporting and Debt-Eq- pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 1107 (H. Doc. No. 105– retary of State; to the Committee on Inter- uity Ratio Requirements for Futures Com- 35); to the Committee on Appropriations and national Relations. mission Merchants and Introducing Brokers ordered to be printed. f [17 CFR Parts 1, 3, 145, and 147] received Jan- 1404. A letter from the Acting Comptroller uary 28, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. General of the United States, the General ADJOURNMENT 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- Accounting Office, transmitting a review of Mr. HOEKSTRA. Mr. Speaker, I move culture. the President’s first special impoundment 1396. A letter from the Director of the Of- message for fiscal year 1997—Received in the that the House do now adjourn. U.S. House of Representatives January 28, The motion was agreed to; accord- fice of Regulatory Management and Informa- tion, Environmental Protection Agency, 1997, pursuant to 2 U.S.C. 685 (H. Doc. No. ingly (at 4 o’clock and 52 minutes transmitting the Agency’s final rule— 105–37); to the Committee on Appropriations p.m.), the House adjourned until to- Carboxin; Pesticide Tolerances for Emer- and ordered to be printed. 1405. A communication from the President morrow, Thursday, February 6, 1997, at gency Exemptions [OPP–300450; FRL–5584–5] of the United States, transmitting his find- 10 a.m. (RIN: 2070–AB78) received January 28, 1997, ings that the July 1, 1997, limitation on obli- f pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- gations imposed by subsection (a) of section mittee on Agriculture. 518A of the Foreign Operations, Export Fi- 1397. A letter from the Chairman and Chief EXECUTIVE COMMUNICATIONS, nancing, and Related Programs Appropria- ETC. Executive Officer, Farm Credit Administra- tions Act, 1997 is having a negative impact tion, transmitting the Administration’s final Under clause 2 of rule XXIV, execu- on the proper functioning of the population rule—Eligibility and Scope of Financing; planning program—Received in the U.S. tive communications were taken from Loan Policies and Operations; Funding and House of Representatives January 31, 1997 (H. the Speaker’s table and referred as fol- Fiscal Affairs, Loan Policies and Operations, Doc. No. 105–36); to the Committee on Appro- lows: and Funding Operations; General Provisions; priations and ordered to be printed. Definitions; Disclosure to Shareholders; Non- 1387. A letter from the Administrator, Ag- 1406. A letter from the Chairman, Depart- discrimination in Lending; Capital Adequacy ricultural Marketing Service, transmitting ment of Defense Retirement Board of Actu- and Customer Eligibility (RIN: 3052–AB10) re- the Service’s final rule—Florida Grapefruit, aries, transmitting the Board’s third report ceived January 27, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Florida Oranges and Tangelos, and Florida on the status of the Department of Defense 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- Tangerines; Grade Standards [Docket No. military retirement fund, pursuant to 10 culture. U.S.C. 1464(c); to the Committee on National FV–96–301] received January 22, 1997, pursu- 1398. A letter from the Administrator, Security. ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee Farm Service Agency, transmitting the 1407. A letter from the Secretary of En- on Agriculture. Agency’s final rule—Implementation of the ergy, transmitting the Department’s report 1388. A letter from the Administrator, Ag- Noninsured Crop Disaster Assistance Pro- entitled ‘‘Linking Legacies: Connecting the ricultural Marketing Service, transmitting gram Provisions of the Federal Agriculture Cold War Nuclear Weapons Production Proc- the Service’s final rule—Shelled Almonds Improvement and Reform Act of 1996 (RIN: esses to their Environmental Consequences,’’ and Almonds in the Shell; Grade Standards 0560–AE85) received January 22, 1997, pursu- pursuant to Public Law 103–160, section 3154 [Docket No. FV–95–305] received January 22, ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee (107 Stat. 1952); to the Committee on Na- 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the on Agriculture. tional Security. Committee on Agriculture. 1399. A letter from the Administrator, 1408. A letter from the Assistant Comptrol- 1389. A letter from the Administrator, Ag- Farm Service Agency, transmitting the ler General of the United States transmit- ricultural Marketing Service, transmitting Agency’s final rule—Disaster Reserve Assist- ting the Office’s report on the United States- the Service’s final rule—Grapes Grown in a ance Program (RIN: 0560–AF11) received Jan- Japan Fighter Aircraft Program; to the Designated Area of Southeastern California; uary 30, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Committee on National Security. Assessment Rate [Docket No. FV96–925–1 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- 1409. A letter from the Director, Defense IFR] received January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 culture. Procurement, Department of Defense, trans- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ag- 1400. A letter from the Administrator, mitting the Department’s final rule—Defense riculture. Farm Service Agency, transmitting the Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; 1390. A letter from the Administrator, Ag- Agency’s final rule—Update of the Parity Preference for U.S. Firms on MILCON Over- ricultural Marketing Service, transmitting Price Regulations (RIN: 0560–AF08) received seas Construction [DFARS Case 96–D328] re- the Service’s final rule—Olives Grown in February 3, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. ceived January 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on National California; Assessment Rate [Docket No. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Agri- FV–96–932–4 IFR] received January 22, 1997, Security. culture. 1410. A letter from the Director, Defense pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 1401. A letter from the Administrator, Procurement, Department of Defense, trans- mittee on Agriculture. Food and Consumer Service, transmitting mitting the Department’s final rule—Defense 1391. A letter from the Administrator, Ag- the Service’s final rule—Food Stamp Pro- ricultural Marketing Service, transmitting Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; gram: Revisions in Use and Disclosure Rules Contingent Fees-Foreign Military Sales the Service’s final rule—Fluid Milk Pro- Involving the Sharing of Information Pro- [DFARS Case 96–D021] received January 16, motion Order; Amendments to the Order vided by Retail and Wholesale Food Concerns 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the [DA–96–09] received January 30, 1997, pursu- with Other Federal and State Agencies (RIN: Committee on National Security. ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee 0584–AC00) received January 6, 1997, pursuant 1411. A letter from the Director, Defense on Agriculture. to 5 U.S.C., 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Procurement, Department of Defense, trans- 1392. A letter from the Congressional Re- Agriculture. mitting the Department’s final rule—Defense view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health 1402. A communication from the President Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Inspection Service, transmitting the Serv- of the United States, transmitting his re- Procurement Integrity [DFARS Case 96– ice’s final rule—Cattle Exportations; Tuber- quest to make available appropriations to- D310] received January 13, 1997, pursuant to 5 culosis and Brucellosis Test Requirements taling $39.2 million on budget authority for U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Na- [APHIS Docket No. 96–005–2] received Janu- the Department of the Interior, and des- tional Security. ary 23, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); ignate the amount made available as an 1412. A letter from the Director, Adminis- to the Committee on Agriculture. emergency requirement pursuant to section tration and Management, Department of De- 1393. A letter from the Congressional Re- 251(b)(2)(D)(i) of the Balanced Budget and fense, transmitting the Department’s final view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as rule—Courts of Criminal Appeals Rules of Inspection Service, transmitting the Serv- amended—Received in the U.S. House of Rep- Practice and Procedure (32 CFR Part 150) re- ice’s final rule—Official Brucellosis Tests resentatives January 30, 1997, pursuant to 31 ceived January 13, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. [APHIS Docket No. 96–033–2] received Janu- U.S.C. 1107 (H. Doc. No. 105–34); to the Com- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on National ary 23, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); mittee on Appropriations and ordered to be Security. to the Committee on Agriculture. printed. 1413. A letter from the Director, Defense 1394. A letter from the Congressional Re- 1403. A communication from the President Procurement, Department of Defense, trans- view Coordinator, Animal and Plant Health of the United States, transmitting his re- mitting the Department’s final rule—Defense H338 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; 1426. A letter from the Assistant General mitting the Commission’s final rule— Elimination of Certifications [DFARS Case Counsel for Regulations, Department of Edu- Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- 96–D306] received January 13, 1997, pursuant cation, transmitting the Department’s re- lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Sanford to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on port on the notice of final funding priority and Robbins, North Carolina) [MM Docket National Security. for certain programs administered by the Of- No. 95–134, RM–8679; RM–8720] received Janu- 1414. A letter from the Director, Defense fice of Special Education and Rehabilitative ary 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); Procurement, Department of Defense, trans- Services, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(B); to to the Committee on Commerce. mitting the Department’s final rule—Defense the Committee on Education and the 1437. A letter from the Managing Director, Federal Acquisition Regulation Supplement; Workforce. Federal Communications Commission, trans- Metalworking Machinery-Trade Agreements 1427. A letter from the Assistant General mitting the Commission’s final rule— [DFARS Case 96–D030] received January 15, Counsel for Regulations, Department of Edu- Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the cation, transmitting the Department’s final lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Ely, Committee on National Security. rule—Projects with Industry (RIN: 1820– Hermantown & Pine City, Minnesota, and 1415. A letter from the Deputy Under Sec- AB33) received January 31, 1997, pursuant to Siren, Wisconsin) [MM Docket No. 96–105; retary (Industrial Affairs and Installations), 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on RM–8793; RM–8852] received January 22, 1997, Department of Defense, transmitting the Education and the Workforce. pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- strategic and critical materials report dur- 1428. A letter from the Assistant Secretary mittee on Commerce. ing the period October 1995 through Septem- for Employment Standards, Department of 1438. A letter from the Managing Director, ber 1996, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 98h–2(b); to Labor, transmitting the Department’s Federal Communications Commission, trans- the Committee on National Security. ‘‘Major’’ final rule—Service Contract Act; mitting the Commission’s final rule— 1416. A letter from the Assistant to the Labor Standards For Federal Service Con- Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- Board, Board of Governors of the Federal Re- tracts (Wage and Hour Division, Employ- lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Colonial serve System, transmitting the Board’s final ment Standards Administration) (RIN: 1215– Heights, Tennessee) [MM Docket No. 93–28; rule—Regulation C, Home Mortgage Disclo- AA78) received December 30, 1996, pursuant RM–8172; RM–8299] received January 22, 1997, sure [Docket No. R–0951] received January to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 29, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to Education and the Workforce. mittee on Commerce. the Committee on Banking and Financial 1429. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 1439. A letter from the Managing Director, Services. for Employment Standards, Department of Federal Communications Commission, trans- 1417. A letter from the President and Labor, transmitting the Department’s final mitting the Commission’s final rule— Chairman, Export-Import Bank of the United rule—Service Contract Act; Labor Standards Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- States, transmitting a report involving Unit- For Federal Service Contracts (RIN: 1215– lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Willcox, ed States exports to Turkey, pursuant to 12 AA78) received January 2, 1997, pursuant to 5 Arizona and Lordsburg, New Mexico) [MM U.S.C. 635(b)(3)(i); to the Committee on U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Edu- Docket No. 95–50; RM–8581; RM–8662] received Banking and Financial Services. cation and the Workforce. January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1430. A letter from the Deputy Executive 1418. A letter from the President and 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. Director and Chief Operating Officer, Pen- Chairman, Export-Import Bank of the United 1440. A letter from the Managing Director, sion Benefit Guaranty Corporation, trans- States, transmitting a report involving Unit- Federal Communications Commission, trans- mitting the Corporation’s final rule—Alloca- ed States exports to the Republic of Korea, mitting the Commission’s final rule— tion of Assets in Single-Employer Plans; In- pursuant to 12 U.S.C. 635(b)(3)(i); to the Com- Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- terest Assumptions for Valuing Benefits [29 mittee on Banking and Financial Services. lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Nekoosa, CFR Part 4044] received January 13, 1997, 1419. A letter from the President and Wisconsin) [MM Docket No. 96–76; RM–8770] pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Chairman, Export-Import Bank of the United received January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 mittee on Education and the Workforce. States, transmitting a report involving Unit- 1431. A letter from the Assistant Secretary U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on ed States exports to Egypt, pursuant to 12 for Communications and Information, De- Commerce. U.S.C. 635(b)(3)(i); to the Committee on partment of Commerce, transmitting the De- 1441. A letter from the Managing Director, Banking and Financial Services. partment’s final rule—Telecommunications Federal Communications Commission, trans- 1420. A letter from the Federal Register Li- and Information Infrastructure Assistance mitting the Commission’s final rule— aison Officer, Office of Thrift Supervision, Program [docket No. 970103002–7002–01] (RIN: Amendment of Section 73.202(b) Table of Al- transmitting the Office’s final rule—Regu- 0660–ZA02) received January 21, 1997, pursu- lotments, FM Broadcast Stations (Boulder latory Citations to the Uniformed Financial ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee and Lafayette, Colorado) [MM Docket No. 96– Institutions Rating System (RIN: 1550–AA99) on Commerce. 64; RM–8747] received January 22, 1997, pursu- received January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 1432. A letter from the Director of the Of- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on fice of Regulatory Management and Informa- on Commerce. Banking and Financial Services. tion, Environmental Protection Agency, 1442. A letter from the Managing Director, 1421. A letter from the Acting Executive transmitting the Agency’s final rule—Na- Federal Communications Commission, trans- Director, Thrift Depositor Protection Over- tional Emission Standards for Chromium mitting the Commission’s final rule—Ad- sight Board, transmitting the Board’s final Emissions From Hard and Decorative Chro- vanced Television Systems and Their Impact rule—Book-Entry Procedure [12 CFR Part mium Electroplating and Chromium Anodiz- Upon the Existing Television Broadcast 1511] received December 18, 1996, pursuant to ing Tanks [AD–FRL–5682–3] received January Service [MM Docket No. 87–268] received 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on 28, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to January 15, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Banking and Financial Services. the Committee on Commerce. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. 1422. A letter from the Assistant Secretary, 1433. A letter from the Office of Regulatory 1443. A letter from the Managing Director, Department of Education, transmitting Management and Information, Environ- Federal Communications Commission, trans- Final Regulations—Disability and Rehabili- mental Protection Agency, transmitting the mitting the Commission’s final rule—Re- tation Research Projects and Centers Pro- Agency’s final rule—Approval and Promulga- placement of Part 90 by Part 88 to Revise the gram, pursuant to 20 U.S.C. 1232(f) GEPA sec- tion of Implementation Plans; Ohio Stage II Private Land Mobile Radio Services and tion 437(f); to the Committee on Education Vapor Recovery Program (FRL 5649–6) re- Modify the Policies Governing Them [PR and the Workforce. ceived January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Docket No. 92–235] and Examination of Ex- 1423. A letter from the Secretary of Edu- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. clusivity and Frequency Assignment Policies cation, transmitting Final Regulations—Di- 1434. A letter from the Director of the of the Private Land Mobile Radio Services— rect Grant Programs, pursuant to 20 U.S.C. State and Site Identification Center, Envi- Amendment of the Commission’s Rules Con- 1232(f); to the Committee on Education and ronmental Protection Agency, transmitting cerning Maritime Communications [PR the Workforce. the Agency’s final rule—National Priorities Docket No. 92–257] received January 22, 1997, 1424. A letter from the Assistant Secretary List for Uncontrolled Hazardous Waste Sites pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- for Children and Families, Administration [FRL–5668–3] received January 13, 1997, pur- mittee on Commerce. for Children and Families, transmitting the suant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Commit- 1444. A letter from the Managing Director, Administration’s final rule—Head Start Fel- tee on Commerce. Federal Communications Commission, trans- lows Program (RIN: 0970–AB56) received Jan- 1435. A letter from the Managing Director, mitting the Commission’s final rule—Imple- uary 15, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Federal Communications Commission, trans- mentation of the Non-Accounting Safeguards 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Education mitting the Commission’s final rule— of Sections 271 and 272 of the Communica- and the Workforce. Amendment of the Commission’s Rules to tions Act of 1934, as amended [CC Docket No. 1425. A letter from the Assistant General Provide for Operation of Unlicensed NII De- 96–149] received January 15, 1997, pursuant to Counsel for Regulations, Department of Edu- vices in the 5 GHz Frequency Range [ET 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on cation, transmitting the Department’s re- Docket No. 96–102; Rm–8648; RM–8653] re- Commerce. port on the final regulations for direct grant ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1445. A letter from the Managing Director, programs, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(B). 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. Federal Communications Commission, trans- Referred to the Committee on Education and 1436. A letter from the Managing Director, mitting the Commission’s final rule—Imple- the Workforce. February 5, 1997. Federal Communications Commission, trans- mentation of the Telecommunications Act of February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H339 1996: Accounting Safeguards Under the Tele- 1456. A letter from the Secretary of Health 112b(a); to the Committee on International communications Act of 1996 [CC Docket No. and Human Services, transmitting the De- Relations. 96–150] received January 15, 1997, pursuant to partment’s final rule—Redetermination of 1467. A letter from the Director, Bureau of 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Medicaid Eligibility Due to Welfare Reform Economic Analysis, transmitting the Bu- Commerce. (Health Care Financing Administration) reau’s final rule—International Services Sur- 1446. A letter from the Managing Director, (RIN: 0938–AH76) received January 24, 1997, veys: BE–20 Benchmark Survey of Selected Federal Communications Commission, trans- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Services Transactions with Unaffiliated For- mitting the Commission’s final rule—Access mittee on Commerce. eign Persons [Docket No. 960918263–6345–02] Charge Reform [CC Docket No. 96–262]; Price 1457. A letter from the Secretary of Trans- (RIN: 0691–AA27) received January 15, 1997, Cap Performance Review for Local Exchange portation, transmitting the Department’s pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)91)(A); to the Com- Carriers [CC Docket No. 94–1]; Transport fiscal year 1996 annual report to Congress on mittee on International Relations. Rate Structure and Pricing [CC Docket No. progress in conducting environmental reme- 1468. A letter from the Chief Counsel, Of- 91–213]; and Usage of the Public Switched dial action at federally owned or operated fa- fice of Foreign Assets Control, Department Network by Information Service and cilities, pursuant to Public Law 99–499, sec- of the Treasury, transmitting the Depart- Internet Access Providers [CC Docket No. 96– tion 120(e)(5) (100 Stat. 1669); to the Commit- ment’s final rule—Terrorism List Govern- 263] received January 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 tee on Commerce. ments Sanctions Regulations; Authorization U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on 1458. A letter from the Director, Defense for Government Stipends and Scholarships Commerce. Security Assistance Agency, transmitting a for Students (Office of Foreign Assets Con- 1447. A letter from the Chair, Federal En- report of those foreign military sales cus- trol) (31 CFR Part 596) received January 6, ergy Regulatory Commission, transmitting tomers with approved cash flow financing in 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the the Federal Energy Regulatory Commis- excess of $100 million as of October 1, 1996, Committee on International Relations. sion’s report on Government dam use pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2765(a)(5)(B); to the 1469. A letter from the Assistant Secretary charges under section 10(e)(2) of the Federal Committee on International Relations. for Export Administration, Department of Power Act; to the Committee on Commerce. 1459. A letter from the Director, Defense Commerce, transmitting the Department’s 1448. A letter from the Director, Regula- Security Assistance Agency, transmitting a final rule—Encryption Items Transferred tions Policy Management Staff, Office of report containing the status of each loan and from the U.S. Munitions List to the Com- Policy, Food and Drug Administration, each contract of guaranty for which there re- merce Control List [Docket No. 960918265– transmitting the Administration’s final mains any outstanding unpaid obligation or 6366–03] (RIN: 0694–AB09) received January 2, rule—Dental Services; Endodontic Dry Heat potential liability, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Sterilizer [Docket No. 95N–0033] received 2765(a)(11); to the Committee on Inter- Committee on International Relations. January 27, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. national Relations. 1470. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. 1460. A letter from the Assistant Secretary for Export Administration, Department of 1449. A letter from the Director, Regula- for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, Commerce, transmitting the Department’s tions Policy Management Staff, Office of transmitting the Department’s report on final rule—Entity List [Docket No. 961205341– Policy, Food and Drug Administration, PLO compliance, pursuant to Public Law 6341–01] (RIN: 0694–AB24) received January 28, transmitting the Administration’s final 101–246, section 804(b) (104 Stat. 78); to the 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the rule—Uniform Compliance Date (January 1, Committee on International Relations. Committee on International Relations. 1998) for Food Labeling Regulations [Docket 1461. A letter from the Acting Secretary, 1471. A letter from the Chief Counsel, Of- No. 96N–0094] received January 6, 1997, pursu- Department of State, transmitting a list of fice of Foreign Assets Control, transmitting ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee all sales and licensed commercial exports the Office’s final rule—Blocked Persons, Spe- on Commerce. 1450. A letter from the Director, Regula- under the act of major weapons or weapons- cially Designated Nationals, Specially Des- tions Policy Management Staff, Office of related defense equipment valued at ignated Terrorists, Specially Designated Policy, Food and Drug Administration, $7,000,000 or more, or of any other weapons or Narcotics Traffickers, and Blocked Vessels: transmitting the Administration’s final weapons-related defense equipment valued at Additional Designations and Removal of rule—Uniform Compliance Date (January 1, $25,000,000 or more, which the administration Four Individuals [31 CFR Chapter V] received 2000) for Food Labeling Regulations [Docket considers eligible for approval during the January 15, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. No. 96N–0094] received January 6, 1997, pursu- calendar year 1996 and which may, therefore, 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Inter- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee result in notification to the Congress this national Relations. on Commerce. year, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. 2765(a); to the 1472. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1451. A letter from the Director of the Of- Committee on International Relations. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, fice of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- 1462. A communication from the President transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–441, ‘‘Real latory Commission, transmitting the Com- of the United States, transmitting an unclas- Property Tax Rates for Tax Year 1997 mission’s final rule—Criteria for the Release sified report on the Loan Guarantees to Is- Amendment Act of 1996’’ received January of Individuals Administered Radioactive Ma- rael Program and on economic conditions in 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1– terial (RIN: 3150–AE41) received January 29, Israel, pursuant to Public Law 102–391, sec- 233(c)(1); to the Committee on Government 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the tion 601 (106 Stat. 1701); to the Committee on Reform and Oversight. Committee on Commerce. International Relations. 1473. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1452. A letter from the Director of the Of- 1463. A communication from the President pore, Council of the District of Columbia, fice of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- of the United States, transmitting a report transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–442, ‘‘Dis- latory Commission, transmitting the Com- on actions and expenses directly related to trict of Columbia Moratorium on the 1997 mission’s final rule—Recognition of Agree- the exercise of powers and authorities con- Real Property Assessments for Real Prop- ment State Licenses in Areas Under Exclu- ferred by the declaration of a national emer- erty Tax Year 1998 Amendment Act of 1996’’ sive Federal Jurisdiction Within an Agree- gency with respect to organizations that dis- received January 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. ment State (RIN: 3150–AF49) received Janu- rupt the Middle East peace process—Re- Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee ary 16, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); ceived in the U.S. House of Representatives on Government Reform and Oversight. to the Committee on Commerce. January 31, 1997, pursuant to 50 U.S.C. 1641(c) 1474. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1453. A letter from the Director of the Of- and 50 U.S.C. 1703(C) (H. Doc. No. 105–38); to pore, Council of the District of Columbia, fice of Congressional Affairs, Nuclear Regu- the Committee on International Relations transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–503, ‘‘Vic- latory Commission, transmitting the Com- and ordered to be printed. tims of Violent Crime Compensation Act of mission’s final rule—Duplication Fees (RIN: 1464. A letter from the Secretary of Com- 1996’’ received January 24, 1997, pursuant to 3150–AF60) received January 27, 1997, pursu- merce, transmitting the Bureau of Export d.C. Code, section 1–223(c)(1); to the Commit- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee Administration’s annual report for fiscal tee on Government Reform and Oversight. on Commerce. year 1996, and the 1997 report to the Congress 1475. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1454. A letter from the Secretary of Health on foreign policy export controls, pursuant pore, Council of the District of Columbia, and Human Services, transmitting the De- to 50 U.S.C. app. 2413 and 50 U.S.C. app. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–504, partment’s report entitled ‘‘A National 2405(f); to the Committee on International ‘‘Mandatory Use of Seat Belts Amendment Strategy to Prevent Teen Pregnancy,’’ pur- Relations. Act of 1996’’ received January 24, 1997, pursu- suant to section 905 of the Personal Respon- 1465. A letter from the Assistant Secretary ant to D.C. Code, section 1–223(c)(1); to the sibility and Work Opportunity Act of 1996 (Force Management Policy), Department of Committee on Government Reform and [PRWORA]; to the Committee on Commerce. Defense, transmitting a report on the audit Oversight. 1455. A letter from the Secretary of Health of the American Red Cross for the year end- 1476. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- and Human Services, transmitting the De- ing June 30, 1996, pursuant to 36 U.S.C. 6; to pore, Council of the District of Columbia, partment’s final rule—Notification Proce- the Committee on International Relations. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–506, ‘‘Col- dures for States Implementing ‘‘Alternative 1466. A letter from the Assistant Legal Ad- lateral Reform Temporary Amendment Act Mechanisms’’ in the Individual Health Insur- viser for Treaty Affairs, Department of of 1996’’ received January 24, 1997, pursuant ance Market [BPD–882–N] received January State, transmitting copies of international to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Com- 13, 1997, pursuant to section 5 U.S.C. agreements, other than treaties, entered into mittee on Government Reform and Over- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Commerce. by the United States, pursuant to 1 U.S.C. sight. H340 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 1477. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–414, ‘‘Eco- the Committee on Government Reform and pore, Council of the District of Columbia, nomic Recovery Conformity Temporary Act Oversight. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–490, ‘‘Clos- of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursuant 1500. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- ing of Portions of 3rd Street, N.W., and L to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Com- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Street, N.W., Adjacent to Squares 525, 526, mittee on Government Reform and Over- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–518, ‘‘Title 556, and 558, S.O. 90–18, Act of 1996’’ received sight. 47, D.C. Code Enactment Act of 1996’’ re- January 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, sec- 1489. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. tion 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Govern- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee ment Reform and Oversight. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–507, on Government Reform and Oversight. 1478. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- ‘‘Mortgage Lender and Broker Act of 1996 1501. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Time Extension Temporary Amendment Act pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–493, of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursuant transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–515, ‘‘Jo- ‘‘Risk-Based Capital Act of 1996’’ received to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Com- seph H. Cole Fitness Center Designation Act January 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, sec- mittee on Government Reform and Over- of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursuant tion 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Govern- sight. to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Com- mittee on Government Reform and Over- ment Reform and Oversight. 1490. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1479. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, sight. 1502. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–517, ‘‘Clos- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–494, ‘‘Uni- ing of a Portion of Ingraham Street, N.E., transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–516, ‘‘Clos- form Partnership Act of 1996’’ received Janu- and Public Alleys Adjacent to Squares 3700 ing of a Portion of M Street, S.W. Adjacent ary 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1– and 3701, S.O. 96–27, Act of 1996’’ received to Square 651, S.O. 95–239 Act of 1996’’ re- 233(d)(1); to the Committee on Government January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, sec- ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Reform and Oversight. tion 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Govern- Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee 1480. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- ment Reform and Oversight. on Government Reform and Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, 1491. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1503. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–496, pore, Council of the District of Columbia, pore, Council of the District of Columbia, ‘‘Naming of Public Spaces Amendment Act transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–519, ‘‘Sec- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–505, ‘‘Hos- of 1996’’ received January 24, 1997, pursuant ond Technical Amendments Act of 1996’’ re- pital and Medical Services Corporation Reg- to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Com- ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. ulatory Act of 1996’’ received February 3, mittee on Government Reform and Over- Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1– sight. on Government Reform and Oversight. 233(c)(1); to the Committee on Government 1481. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 1492. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- Reform and Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, pore, Council of the District of Columbia, 1504. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–497, ‘‘Uni- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–523, ‘‘Cor- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, form Commercial Code Negotiable Instru- rectional Treatment Facility Act of 1996’’ re- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–458, ‘‘Ini- ments Amendment Act of 1996’’ received Jan- ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. tiative 51 Real Property Assessment and Tax uary 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee Initiative of 1996’’ received January 16, 1997, 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Government on Government Reform and Oversight. pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1) Reform and Oversight. 1493. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- (See Executive Communication No. 1505); to 1482. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, the Committee on Government Reform and pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–495, Oversight. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–500, ‘‘Uni- ‘‘Health Maintenance Organization Act of 1505. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- form Commercial Code Investment Securi- 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursuant to pore, Council of the District of Columbia, ties Revision Act of 1996’’ received January D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Commit- transmitting a letter in writing dated Feb- 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1– tee on Government Reform and Oversight. ruary 4, 1997, which reads as follows ‘‘* * * 233(c)(1); to the Committee on Government 1494. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- The Council is in receipt of the opinion of Reform and Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, the Acting General Counsel to the House of 1483. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–498, ‘‘Uni- Representatives that D.C. Act 11–458 must be pore, Council of the District of Columbia, form Commercial Code—Letters of Credit submitted to the D.C. Financial Responsibil- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–501, ‘‘New- Act of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursu- ity and Management Assistance Authority born Health Insurance Amendment Act of ant to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the for approval prior to its submission to Con- 1996’’ received January 24, 1997, pursuant to Committee on Government Reform and gress. Therefore, I ask that you disregard the D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Commit- Oversight. Previous transmittal.’’ signed, Charlene tee on Government Reform and Oversight. 1495. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- Drew Jarvis, Chairman Pro Tempore of the 1484. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Council (See Executive Communication No. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–499, ‘‘Uni- 1504); to the Committee on Government Re- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–502, ‘‘Real form Commercial Code—Bulk Sales Act of form and Oversight. 1506. A letter from the Acting Comptroller Estate Licensure Amendment Act of 1996’’ 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursuant to General of the United States, transmitting a received January 24, 1997, pursuant to D.C. D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Commit- list of all reports issued or released in De- Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee tee on Government Reform and Oversight. cember 1996, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 719(h); to 1496. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- on Government Reform and Oversight. the Committee on Government Reform and 1485. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–510, ‘‘Sex 1507. A letter from the Comptroller General transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–520, ‘‘Sec- Offender Registration Act of 1996’’ received of the United States, transmitting a copy of ond Criminal Code Technical Amendments January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, sec- his report for fiscal year 1996 on each in- Act of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursu- tion 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Govern- stance a Federal agency did not fully imple- ant to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the ment Reform and Oversight. ment recommendations made by the GAO in Committee on Government Reform and 1497. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- connection with a bid protest decided during Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, the fiscal year, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 1486. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–514, ‘‘BNA 3554(e)(2); to the Committee on Government pore, Council of the District of Columbia, Washington, Inc., Real Property Tax Defer- Reform and Oversight. transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–521, ‘‘Air ral Amendment Act of 1996’’ received Janu- 1508. A letter from the Administrator, Pollution Control Temporary Amendment ary 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1– Agency for International Development, Act of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, pursu- 233(c)(1); to the Committee on Government transmitting the semiannual report of the ant to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Reform and Oversight. Agency’s inspector general for the period Committee on Government Reform and 1498. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- April 1, 1996, through September 30, 1996, and Oversight. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, the semiannual report on audit management 1487. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–511, and resolution, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. app. pore, Council of the District of Columbia, ‘‘Boating While Intoxicated Act of 1996’’ re- (Insp. Gen. Act) section 5(b); to the Commit- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–343, ceived January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. tee on Government Reform and Oversight. ‘‘Council Contract Approval Modifciation Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee 1509. A letter from the Executive Director, Temporary Amendment Act of 1995 Tem- on Government Reform and Oversight. Committee for Purchase from People Who porary Amendment Act of 1996’’ received 1499. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- are Blind or Severely Disabled, transmitting January 31, 1997, pursuant to D.C. Code, sec- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, the Committee’s final rule—Addition to the tion 1–233(c)(1); to the Committee on Govern- transmitting a copy of D.C. Act 11–513, ‘‘Clos- Procurement List—received January 22, 1997, ment Reform and Oversight. ing of a Public Alley in Square 107, S.O. 95– pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 1488. A letter from the Chairman Pro Tem- 56, Act of 1996’’ received January 31, 1997, mittee on Government Reform and Over- pore, Council of the District of Columbia, pursuant to D.C. Code, section 1–233(c)(1); to sight. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H341 1510. A letter from the Executive Director, 1521. A letter from the Secretary of Agri- 1534. A letter from the Secretary of the In- Committee for Purchase from People Who culture, transmitting the fiscal year 1996 an- terior, transmitting the Department’s report are Blind or Severely Disabled, transmitting nual report under the Federal Managers’ Fi- on the administration of the Marine Mam- the Committee’s final rule—Additions to the nancial Integrity Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pursu- mal Protection Act of 1972, pursuant to 16 Procurement List [A7–006]—received January ant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the Committee U.S.C. 1373(f); to the Committee on Re- 31, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to on Government Reform and Oversight. sources. the Committee on Government Reform and 1522. A letter from the Secretary of De- 1535. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Oversight. fense, transmitting the fiscal year 1996 an- for Fish and Wildlife and Parks, Department 1511. A letter from the Secretary, Mis- nual report under the Federal Managers’ Fi- of the Interior, transmitting the Depart- sissippi River Commission, Department of nancial Integrity Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pursu- ment’s final rule—Migratory Bird Hunting; the Army, transmitting a copy of the annual ant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the Committee Approval of Bismuth-Tin Shot as Nontoxic report in compliance with the Government on Government Reform and Oversight. for Hunting Waterfowl and Coots (RIN: 1018– in the Sunshine Act during the calendar year 1523. A letter from the Secretary of En- AD94) received January 27, 1997, pursuant to 1996, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552b(j); to the Com- ergy, transmitting the fiscal year 1996 an- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on mittee on Government Reform and Over- nual report under the Federal Managers’ Fi- Resources. sight. nancial Integrity Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pursu- 1536. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 1512. A letter from the Executive Director, ant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the Committee for Fish and Wildlife and Parks, Department District of Columbia Financial Responsibil- on Government Reform and Oversight. of the Interior, transmitting the Depart- ity and Management Assistance Authority, 1524. A letter from the Secretary of Health ment’s final rule—Native American Graves transmitting a report analyzing the experi- and Human Services, transmitting the 1996 Protection and Repatriation Act Regula- ence of the Authority with the review of leg- annual report under the Federal Managers’ tions—Civil Penalties (RIN: 1024–AC48) re- islative acts submitted by the Council of the Financial Integrity Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pur- ceived January 10, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. District of Columbia during the fiscal year suant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the Commit- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Resources. which ended September 30, 1996, pursuant to tee on Government Reform and Oversight. 1537. A letter from the Assistant Secretary Public Law 104–8, section 234; to the Commit- 1525. A letter from the Secretary of Trans- for Land and Minerals Management, Depart- tee on Government Reform and Oversight. portation, transmitting the fiscal year 1996 ment of the Interior, transmitting the De- 1513. A letter from the Director of Commu- annual report under the Federal Managers’ partment’s final rule—Hydrogen Sulfide Re- nications and Legislative Affairs, Equal Em- Financial Integrity Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pur- quirements for Operations in the Outer Con- ployment Opportunity Commission, trans- suant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the Commit- tinental Shelf (RIN: 1010–AB50) received Jan- mitting a copy of the annual report in com- tee on Government Reform and Oversight. uary 9, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); pliance with the Government in the Sun- 1526. A letter from the Chairman, Thrift to the Committee on Resources. shine Act during the calendar year 1996, pur- Depositor Protection Oversight Board, trans- 1538. A letter from the Assistant Secretary suant to 5 U.S.C. 552b(j); to the Committee mitting results of audits conducted by the for Land and Minerals Management, Depart- on Government Reform and Oversight. Office of Inspector General, pursuant to 5 ment of the Interior, transmitting the De- 1514. A letter from the Chairman, Federal U.S.C. app. 8G(h)(2); to the Committee on partment’s final rule—Training of Leasee Mine Safety and Health Review Commission, Government Reform and Oversight. and Contractor Employees Engaged in Oil, transmitting a copy of the annual report in 1527. A letter from the Administrator, U.S. Gas, and Sulphur Operations in the Outer compliance with the Government in the Sun- Small Business Administration, transmit- Continental Shelf (RIN: 1010–AB99) received shine Act during the calendar year 1996, pur- ting the fiscal year 1996 annual report under January 31, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. suant to 5 U.S.C. 552b(j); to the Committee the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Resources. on Government Reform and Oversight. Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 1539. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 1515. A letter from the Deputy Associate 3512(c)(3); to the Committee on Government for Land and Minerals Management, Depart- Administrator for Acquisition Policy, Gen- Reform and Oversight. ment of the Interior, transmitting the De- eral Services Administration, transmitting 1528. A letter from the Clerk, U.S. Court of partment’s final rule—Minerals Management the Administration’s final rule—General Appeals, District of Columbia Circuit, trans- Service—Department of the Interior (RIN: Services Administration Acquisition Regula- mitting an opinion of the U.S. Court of Ap- 1010–AC19) received January 31, 1997, pursu- tion; Acquisition of Leasehold Interests in peals for the District of Columbia Circuit ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee Real Property [APD 2800.12A, CHGE 74] (RIN: (No. 95–5386—J. Roderick MacArthur Foun- on Resources. 3090–AF92) received January 30, 1997, pursu- dation and Lance E. Lindblom versus Fed- 1540. A letter from the Assistant Secretary ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee eral Bureau of Investigation); to the Com- for Land Minerals Management, Department on Government Reform and Oversight. mittee on Government Reform and Over- of the Interior, transmitting the Depart- 1516. A letter from the Chairman, National sight. ment’s final rule—Adoption Fee for Wild Endowment for the Humanities, transmit- 1529. A letter from the Executive Vice Free-Roaming Horses and Burros (Bureau of ting the fiscal year 1996 annual report under President, U.S. Institute of Peace, transmit- Land Management) [NV–960–1060–00–24 1A] the Federal Managers’ Financial Integrity ting the report on the activities of the in- (RIN: 1004–AC61) received February 4, 1997, Act [FMFIA] of 1982, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. spector general for the years ended Septem- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 3512(c)(3); to the Committee on Government ber 30, 1995 and 1994, as well as the report of mittee on Resources. Reform and Oversight.se the independent auditors, pursuant to 5 1541. A letter from the Director, Fish and 1517. A letter from Deputy Director, Office U.S.C. app. (Insp. Gen. Act) section 5 (b); to Wildlife Service, transmitting the Service’s of Personnel Management, transmitting the the Committee on Government Reform and final rule—Endangered and Threatened Wild- Office’s final rule—Prevailing Rate Systems; Oversight. life and Plants; Determination of Endan- Abolishment of San Joaquin, California, 1530. A letter from the Secretary of Health gered Status for Two Insects from the Santa Nonappropriated Fund Wage Area (RIN: 3206– and Human Services, transmitting the first Cruz Mountains of California (RIN: 1018– AH59) received January 23, 1997, pursuant to annual report required of the Director, In- AC50) received January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on dian Health Service, under the Indian Lands 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. Open Dump Cleanup Act, pursuant to Public Resources. 1518. A letter from Director, Office of Per- Law 103–399, section 4(b) (108 Stat. 4166); to 1542. A letter from the Acting Director, sonnel Management, transmitting the Of- the Committee on Resources. Fish and Wildlife Service, transmitting the fice’s final rule—Presidential Management 1531. A letter from the Deputy Associate Service’s final rule—Endangered and Threat- Interim Program (RIN: 3206–AH53) received Director for Compliance, Department of the ened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of January 23, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Interior, transmitting notification of pro- Endangered Status for Two Plants and 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Govern- posed refunds of excess royalty payments in Threatened Status for Four Plants from ment Reform and Oversight. OCS areas, pursuant to 43 U.S.C. 1339(b); to Southern California (RIN: 1018–AB88) re- 1519. A letter from the Administrator, Pan- the Committee on Resources. ceived January 27, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. ama Canal Commission, transmitting the fis- 1532. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Resources. cal year 1996 annual report under the Federal for Land and Minerals Management, Depart- 1543. A letter from the Acting Director, Managers’ Financial Integrity Act [FMFIA] ment of the Interior, transmitting notice on Fish and Wildlife Service, transmitting the of 1982, pursuant to 31 U.S.C. 3512(c)(3); to the leasing systems for the central Gulf of Mex- Service’s final rule—Endangered and Threat- Committee on Government Reform and ico, sale 166, scheduled to be held in March ened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Oversight. 1997, pursuant to 43 U.S.C. 1337(a)(8); to the Threatened Status for the Northern Popu- 1520. A letter from the Secretary of the Committee on Resources. lation of the Copperbelly Water Snake (RIN: Treasury, transmitting the annual report for 1533. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 1018–AB75) received January 27, 1997, pursu- the Department of the Treasury’s commu- for Water and Science, Department of the In- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee nity development financial institutions fund terior, transmitting the Department’s report on Resources. for fiscal year 1996, pursuant to Public Law entitled ‘‘High Plains States Groundwater 1544. A letter from the Acting Director, 103–325, section 117(a) (108 Stat. 2187); to the Demonstration Program 1996 Interim Report Fish and Wildlife Service, transmitting the Committee on Government Reform and to the Congress,’’ pursuant to 43 U.S.C. 390g– Service’s final rule—Endangered and Threat- Oversight. 2(c)(2); to the Committee on Resources. ened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of H342 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 Endangered Status for Pseudobahia I.D. 102596B] (RIN: 0648–XX70) received Janu- and Procedure (CMP Inflation Adjustments) bahiifolia (Hartweg’s golden sunburst) and ary 28, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); [Docket No. 97–03] (RIN: 1557–AB57) received Threatened Status for Pseudobahia peirsonii to the Committee on Resources. January 17, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. (San Joaquin adobe sunburst), Two Grass- 1553. A letter from the Acting Director of 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the Judici- land Plants from the Central Valley of Cali- the Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National ary. fornia (RIN: 1018–AB88) received January 31, Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 1564. A letter from the General Counsel, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the transmitting the Administration’s final Department of Transportation, transmitting Committee on Resources. rule—Fisheries of the Caribbean, Gulf of the Department’s final rule—Revision of 1545. A letter from the Director, Fish and Mexico, and South Atlantic; Coastal Migra- Class E Airspace; Savoonga, AK (Federal Wildlife Service, transmitting the Service’s tory Pelagic Resources of the Gulf of Mexico Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket final rule—Endangered and Threatened Wild- and South Atlantic; Closure [Docket No. No. 96–AAL–23] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received life and Plants; Determination of Endan- 940553–4223; I.D. 012197A] received February 3, January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. gered Status for the San Diego Fairy Shrimp 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- (RIN: 1018–AC83) received January 31, 1997, Committee on Resources. tation and Infrastructure. pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 1554. A letter from the Acting Director, Of- 1565. A letter from the General Counsel, mittee on Resources. fice of Surface Mining Reclamation and En- Department of Transportation, transmitting 1546. A letter from the Acting Assistant forcement, transmitting the Office’s final the Department’s final rule—Revision of Administrator for Fisheries, National Oce- rule—Texas Regulatory Program and Aban- Class E Airspace; Ambler, AK (Federal Avia- anic and Atmospheric Administration, trans- doned Mine Land Reclamation Plan [SPATS tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. mitting the Administration’s final rule— No. TX–025–FOR] received January 27, 1997, 96–AAL–22] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Janu- Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); Amendments to the Northeast Multispecies, mittee on Resources. to the Committee on Transportation and In- Atlantic Sea Scallop, and American Lobster 1555. A letter from the Secretaries of frastructure. Fishery Management Plans [Docket No. Transportation and Commerce, transmitting 1566. A letter from the General Counsel, 9609262275–6372–02; ID 091196A] (RIN: 0648– the Department’s report entitled ‘‘Regulat- Department of Transportation, transmitting AI83) received January 21, 1997, pursuant to 5 ing Vessel Traffic In The Monterey Bay Na- the Department’s final rule—Amendment to U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Re- tional Marine Sanctuary,’’ pursuant to 16 Class D Airspace; Hollywood, FL (Federal sources. U.S.C. 1433 note; to the Committee on Re- Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket 1547. A letter from the Acting Assistant sources. No. 96–ASO–25] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Administrator for Fisheries, National Oce- 1556. A letter from the Director, National January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. anic and Atmospheric Administration, trans- Institutes of Health, Department of Health 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- mitting the Administration’s final rule— and Human Services, transmitting the De- tation and Infrastructure. Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; partment’s final rule—Removal of Obsolete 1567. A letter from the General Counsel, Atlantic Sea Scallop Fishery; Amendment 5 Patent Regulations (RIN: 0925–AA15) re- Department of Transportation, transmitting [Docket No. 960910252–6329–02; I.D. 082296B] ceived December 16, 1996, pursuant to 5 the Department’s final rule—Establishment (RIN: 0648–AI77) received January 21, 1997, U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the of Class E2 Airspace; Somerset, KY (Federal pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Judiciary. Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket mittee on Resources. 1557. A letter from the Assistant Attorney No. 96–ASO–23] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received 1548. A letter from the Acting Assistant General, Department of Justice, transmit- January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Administrator for Fisheries, National Oce- ting the Department’s final rule—Formula 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- anic and Atmospheric Administration, trans- Grants [OJP (OJJDP) No. 1106] (RIN: 1121– tation and Infrastructure. mitting the Administration’s final rule— AA43) received January 10, 1997, pursuant to 1568. A letter from the General Counsel, Fisheries of the Northeastern United States; 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the Department of Transportation, transmitting Northeast Multispecies Fishery; Framework Judiciary. the Department’s final rule—Establishment Adjustment 17 [Docket No. 961105310–6374–02; 1558. A letter from the Assistant Attorney of Class E2 Airspace; Sawyer Airport, Gwinn, I.D. 102396A] (RIN: 0648–AJ31) received Janu- General, Department of Justice, transmit- MI (Federal Aviation Administration) [Air- ary 21, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); ting the Department’s final rule—Motor Ve- space Docket No. 96–AGL–18] (RIN: 2120– to the Committee on Resources. hicle Theft Prevention Act Program Regula- AA66) received January 24, 1997, pursuant to 1549. A letter from the Deputy Assistant tions [OJP No. 1081] (RIN: 1121–AA38) re- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Administrator for Fisheries, National Oce- ceived January 10, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Transportation and Infrastructure. anic and Atmospheric Administration, trans- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the Judici- 1569. A letter from the General Counsel, mitting the Administration’s final rule—Fi- ary. Department of Transportation, transmitting nancial Assistance for Research and Develop- 1559. A letter from the Assistant Attorney the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness ment Projects in the Gulf of Mexico and Off General, Department of Justice, transmit- Directives; The New Piper Aircraft, Inc. (for- the U.S. South Atlantic Coastal States; Ma- ting the Department’s final rule—Grants to merly Piper Aircraft Corporation) Model rine Fisheries Initiative (MARFIN) [Docket Encourage Arrest Policies [OJP No. 1019] PA–31T2 Airplanes (Federal Aviation Admin- No. 970114007–7007–01; I.D. 010897C] (RIN: 0648– (RIN: 1121–AA35) received January 10, 1997, istration) [Docket No. 95–CE–21–AD; Amdt. ZA26) received January 31, 1997, pursuant to pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 39–9885; AD 97–02–01] (RIN: 2120–AA64) re- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on mittee on the Judiciary. ceived January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Resources. 1560. A letter from the Commissioner, Im- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- 1550. A letter from the Acting Deputy As- migration and Naturalization Service, trans- tation and Infrastructure. sistant Administrator, National Oceanic and mitting the Service’s final rule—Exceptions 1570. A letter from the General Counsel, Atmospheric Administration, transmitting to the Educational Requirements for Natu- Department of Transportation, transmitting the Administration’s final rule—Point ralization for Certain Applicants [INS No. the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Reyes/Farallon Islands National Marine 1702–96] (RIN: 1115–AE02) received January 29, Directives; Fokker Model F28 Mark 0100 Se- Sanctuary; Name Change [Docket No. 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A) (See ries Airplanes (Federal Aviation Administra- 970103001–7001–01] (RIN: 0648–XX79) received Executive Communication No. 1561); to the tion) [Docket No. 96–NM–70–AD; Amdt. 39– January 28, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Committee on the Judiciary. 9887; AD 97–02–03] (RIN: 2120–AA64) received 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Resources. 1561. A letter from the Commissioner, Im- January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1551. A letter from the Acting Director of migration and Naturalization Service, trans- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- the Office of Sustainable Fisheries, National mitting notification that the INS will delay tation and Infrastructure. Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, publication of the final rule titled ‘‘Excep- 1571. A letter from the General Counsel, transmitting the Administration’s final tions to the Educational Requirements for Department of Transportation, transmitting rule—Fisheries of the Exclusive Economic Naturalization for Certain Applicants.’’ in the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Zone Off Alaska; Pollock in Statistical Area order to resolve outstanding legal issues—re- Directives; Fokker Model F27 Mark 050 and 610; Pacific Cod for Processing by the Inshore ceived February 3, 1997 (See Executive Com- F28 Mark 0100 Series Airplanes (Federal Component in the Western and Central Regu- munication No. 1560); to the Committee on Aviation Administration) [Docket No. 96– latory Areas [Docket No. 961126333–6333–01; the Judiciary. NM–79–AD; Amdt. 39–9890; AD 97–02–06] (RIN: I.D. 012497A and Docket No. 960129018–6018–01; 1562. A letter from the Commissioner, Im- 2120–AA64) received January 24, 1997, pursu- I.D. 122396A] received January 28, 1997, pursu- migration and Naturalization Service, trans- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee mitting the Service’s final rule—Priority on Transportation and Infrastructure. on Resources. Dates for Employment-Based Petitions [INS 1572. A letter from the General Counsel, 1552. A letter from the Assistant Adminis- No. 1647–95] (Rin: 1115–AE24) received Janu- Department of Transportation, transmitting trator for Fisheries, National Oceanic and ary 31, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Atmospheric Administration, transmitting to the Committee on the Judiciary. Directives; Saab Model SAAB SF340A and the Administration’s final rule—Atlantic 1563. A letter from the Office of the Comp- SAAB 340B Series Airplanes (Federal Avia- Surf Clam and Ocean Quahog Fisheries; 1997 troller of the Currency, transmitting the tion Administration) [Docket No. 95–NM–201– Fishing Quotas [Docket No. 961114317–7008–02; Comptroller’s final rule—Rules of Practice AD; Amdt. 39–9891; AD 96–25–06 R1] (RIN: February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H343 2120–AA64) received January 24, 1997, pursu- the Department’s final rule—Establishment 1591. A letter from the General Counsel, ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee of Class E Airspace; Klawock, AK (Federal Department of Transportation, transmitting on Transportation and Infrastructure. Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket the Department’s final rule—Standard In- 1573. A letter from the General Counsel, No. 96–AAL–24] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- Department of Transportation, transmitting January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. ous Amendments (Federal Aviation Adminis- the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- tration) [Docket No. 28765; Amdt. No. 1773] Directives; Airbus Model A300, A300–600, tation and Infrastructure. (RIN: 2120–AA66) received January 24, 1997, A310, and A320 Series Airplanes (Federal 1582. A letter from the General Counsel, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Aviation Administration) [Docket No. 95– Department of Transportation, transmitting mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- NM–227–AD; Amdt. 39–9888; AD 97–02–04] the Department’s final rule—Establishment ture. (RIN: 2120–AA64) received January 24, 1997, of Class E Airspace; Koyuk, AK (Federal 1592. A letter from the General Counsel, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket Department of Transportation, transmitting mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- No. 96–AAL–21] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received the Department’s final rule—Standard In- ture. January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- 1574. A letter from the General Counsel, 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- ous Amendments (Federal Aviation Adminis- Department of Transportation, transmitting tation and Infrastructure. tration) [Docket No. 28767; Amdt. No. 1775] the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness 1583. A letter from the General Counsel, (RIN: 2120–AA65) received January 24, 1997, Directives; Cessna Aircraft Company 100, 200, Department of Transportation, transmitting pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- 300, and 400 Series Airplanes (Federal Avia- the Department’s final rule—Establishment mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- tion Administration) [Docket No. 96–CE–46– of Class E Airspace; Hemet, CA (Federal ture. AD; Amdt. 39–9884; AD 97–01–13] (RIN: 2120– Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket 1593. A letter from the General Counsel, AA64) received January 24, 1997, pursuant to No. 96–AWP–8] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Department of Transportation, transmitting 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. the Department’s final rule—Standard In- Transportation and Infrastructure. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- 1575. A letter from the General Counsel, tation and Infrastructure. ous Amendments (Federal Aviation Adminis- Department of Transportation, transmitting 1584. A letter from the General Counsel, tration) [Docket No. 28766; Amdt. No. 1774] the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Department of Transportation, transmitting (RIN: 2120–AA65) received January 24, 1997, Directives; Jetstream Model 4101 Airplanes the Department’s final rule—Amendment to pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- (Federal Aviation Administration) [Docket Class E Airspace; Galax, VA (Federal Avia- mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- No. 96–NM–243–AD; Amdt. 39–9889; AD 97–02– tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. ture. 05] (RIN: 2120–AA64) received January 24, 96–AEA–13] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Janu- 1594. A letter from the General Counsel, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); Department of Transportation, transmitting Committee on Transportation and Infra- to the Committee on Transportation and In- the Department’s final rule—Standard In- structure. frastructure. strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- 1576. A letter from the General Counsel, 1585. A letter from the General Counsel, ous Amendments (Federal Aviation Adminis- Department of Transportation, transmitting Department of Transportation, transmitting tration) [Docket No. 28778; Amdt. No. 1777] the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness the Department’s final rule—Amendment to (RIN: 2120–AA65) received January 24, 1997, Directives; Airtell International, Inc., Cen- Class E Airspace; Sidney, NE (Federal Avia- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- taurus Model C3–100 Ground Proximity tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- Warning System (GPWS), as Installed in 96–ACE–24] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Janu- ture. 1595. A letter from the General Counsel, Various Airplanes (Federal Aviation Admin- ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); Department of Transportation, transmitting istration) [Docket No. 96–NM–242–AD; Amdt. to the Committee on Transportation and In- the Department’s final rule—Standard In- 39–9883; AD 97–01–12] (RIN: 2120–AA64) re- frastructure. strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- ceived January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1586. A letter from the General Counsel, ous Amendments (Federal Aviation Adminis- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Department of Transportation, transmitting tration) [Docket No. 28779; Amdt. No. 1778] the Department’s final rule—Amendment to tation and Infrastructure. (RIN: 2120–AA65) received January 24, 1997, 1577. A letter from the General Counsel, Class E Airspace; Alliance, NE (Federal pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Department of Transportation, transmitting Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness No. 96–ACE–22] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received ture. Directives; Fairchild Aircraft, Inc. SA26, January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1596. A letter from the General Counsel, SA226, and SA227 Series Airplanes (Federal 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Department of Transportation, transmitting Aviation Administration) [Docket No. 96– tation and Infrastructure. the Department’s final rule—Liquefied Natu- CE–64–AD; Amdt. 39–9886; AD 97–02–02] (RIN: 1587. A letter from the General Counsel, ral Gas Regulations—Miscellaneous Amend- 2120–AA64) received January 24, 1997, pursu- Department of Transportation, transmitting ments (Research and Special Programs Ad- ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee the Department’s final rule—Amendment to ministration (RSPA, DOT) (RIN: 2137–AC91) on Transportation and Infrastructure. Class E Airspace; Sioux City, IA (Federal received January 27, 1997, pursuant to 5 1578. A letter from the General Counsel, Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Department of Transportation, transmitting No. 96–ACE–11] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Transportation and Infrastructure. the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1597. A letter from the General Counsel, Directives; Airbus Model A321 Series Air- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Department of Transportation, transmitting planes (Federal Aviation Administration) tation and Infrastructure. the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness [Docket No. 96–NM–166–AD; Amdt. 39–9880; 1588. A letter from the General Counsel, Directives; McDonnell Douglas Model DC–9 AD 97–01–09] (RIN: 2120–AA64) received Janu- Department of Transportation, transmitting Series Airplanes (Federal Aviation Adminis- ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); the Department’s final rule—Amendment to tration) [Docket No. 96–NM–235–AD] (RIN: to the Committee on Transportation and In- Class E Airspace; Miami, FL (Federal Avia- 2120–AA64) received February 4, 1997, pursu- frastructure. tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee 1579. A letter from the General Counsel, 96–ASO–28] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Janu- on Transportation and Infrastructure. Department of Transportation, transmitting ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); 1598. A letter from the General Counsel, the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness to the Committee on Transportation and In- Department of Transportation, transmitting Directives; Boeing Model 737–100 and –200 Se- frastructure. the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness ries Airplanes (Federal Aviation Administra- 1589. A letter from the General Counsel, Directives; Boeing Model 727 and 737 Series tion) [Docket No. 96–NM–145–AD; Amdt. 39– Department of Transportation, transmitting Airplanes (Federal Aviation Administration) 9881; AD 97–01–10] (RIN: 2120–AA64) received the Department’s final rule—Amendment to [Docket No. 95–NM–106–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Class E Airspace; Claxton, GA (Federal Avia- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on tation and Infrastructure. 96–ASO–24] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Janu- Transportation and Infrastructure. 1580. A letter from the General Counsel, ary 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); 1599. A letter from the General Counsel, Department of Transportation, transmitting to the Committee on Transportation and In- Department of Transportation, transmitting the Department’s final rule—Establishment frastructure. the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness of Class E Airspace; Point Lay Long Range 1590. A letter from the General Counsel, Directives; Robinson Helicopter Company Site (LRRS), AK (Federal Aviation Adminis- Department of Transportation, transmitting Model R22 Helicopters (Federal Aviation Ad- tration) [Airspace Docket No. 96–AAL–25] the Department’s final rule—Establishment ministration) [Docket No. 96–SW–14–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received January 24, 1997, of Class E Airspace; Montauk, NY; Correc- (RIN: 2120–AA64) received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- tion (Federal Aviation Administration) [Air- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- space Docket No. 96–AEA–09] (RIN: 2120– mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- ture. AA66) received January 24, 1997, pursuant to ture. 1581. A letter from the General Counsel, 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on 1600. A letter from the General Counsel, Department of Transportation, transmitting Transportation and Infrastructure. Department of Transportation, transmitting H344 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket Directives; Boeing Model 757 and 767 Series Directives; McDonnell Douglas Model DC–9, No. 96–ASO–31] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Airplanes (Federal Aviation Administration) DC–9–80, and C–9 (Military) Series Airplanes, February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. [Docket No. 96–NM–125–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) Model MD–88 Airplanes, and Model MD–90 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 Airplanes (Federal Aviation Administration) tation and Infrastructure. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on [Docket No. 97–NM–01–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) 1619. A letter from the General Counsel, Transportation and Infrastructure. received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 Department of Transportation, transmitting 1601. A letter from the General Counsel, U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the Department’s final rule—Amendment of Department of Transportation, transmitting Transportation and Infrastructure. Class E Airspace; Holyoke, Colorado (Federal the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness 1610. A letter from the General Counsel, Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket Directives; Jetstream BAe Model ATP Air- Department of Transportation, transmitting No. 96–ANM–010] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received planes (Federal Aviation Administration) the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. [Docket No. 95–NM–160–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) Directives; Empressa Brasileira de 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 Aeronautica, S.A. (EMBRAER) Model EMB– tation and Infrastructure. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on 120 Series Airplanes (Federal Aviation Ad- 1620. A letter from the General Counsel, Transportation and Infrastructure. ministration) [Docket No. 95–NM–192–AD] Department of Transportation, transmitting 1602. A letter from the General Counsel, (RIN: 2120–AA64) received February 4, 1997, the Department’s final rule—Removal of Department of Transportation, transmitting pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Class E Airspace and Establishment of Class the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- E Airspace; Coeur d’Alene, Idaho (Federal Directives; Airbus Model A300, A310, and ture. Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket A300–600 Series Airplanes (Federal Aviation 1611. A letter from the General Counsel, No. 96–ANM–23] (RIN: 2120–AA66) received Administration) [Docket No. 96–NM–33–AD] Department of Transportation, transmitting February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. (RIN: 2120–AA64( received February 4, 1997, the Department’s final rule—Modification of 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Class E Airspace; Toledo, OH (Federal Avia- tation and Infrastructure. mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. 1621. A letter from the Chairman, Surface ture. 96–AGL–15] (RIN: 2120–AA66) (1997–0022) re- Transportation Board, transmitting the 1603. A letter from the General Counsel, ceived February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. Board’s final rule—Regulations Governing Department of Transportation, transmitting 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Fees for Services Performed in Connection the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness tation and Infrastructure. with Licensing and Related Services—1997 Directives; Pilatus Britten-Norman BN–2, 1612. A letter from the General Counsel, Update [STB Ex Parte No. 542] received Jan- BN–2A, & BN–2B Series Airplanes [Docket Department of Transportation, transmitting uary 30, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. No. 96–CE–33–AD] (Federal Aviation Admin- the Department’s final rule—Standard In- 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- istration) (RIN: 2120–AA64) received Feb- strument Approach Procedures; Miscellane- tation and Infrastructure. ruary 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. ous Amendments (63), AMDT. No. 1776 (Fed- 1622. A letter from the Chairman, Surface 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- eral Aviation Administration) (RIN: 2120– Transportation Board, transmitting the tation and Infrastructure. AA65) received February 4, 1997, pursuant to Board’s final rule—Revision of Regulations 1604. A letter from the General Counsel, 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on for Interlocking Rail Officers [STB Ex Parte Department of Transportation, transmitting Transportation and Infrastructure. No. 543] received January 17, 1997, pursuant the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness 1613. A letter from the General Counsel, to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Directives; Boeing Model 737–300, –400, and Department of Transportation, transmitting Transportation and Infrastructure. –500 Series Airplanes (Federal Aviation Ad- the Department’s final rule—Amendment to 1623. A letter from the Chairman, Surface ministration) [Docket No. 96–NM–156–AD] Class E Airspace; Sioux City, IA (Federal Transportation Board, transmitting the (RIN: 2120–AA64) received February 4, 1997, Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket Board’s final rule—Railroad Contracts [STB pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- No. 96–ACE–25] (RIN: 2120–AA66) (1997–0023) Ex Parte No. 541] received January 22, 1997, mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- ture. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- 1605. A letter from the General Counsel, Transportation and Infrastructure. ture. Department of Transportation, transmitting 1614. A letter from the General Counsel, 1624. A letter from the Director of the Of- the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness Department of Transportation, transmitting fice of Regulations Management, Depart- Directives; Airbus Model A300–600 and Model the Department’s final rule—Amendment to ment of Veterans Affairs, transmitting the A310 Series Airplanes (Federal Aviation Ad- Class E Airpsace; Wentzville, MO (Federal Department’s final rule—Delegation of Sub- ministration) [Docket No. 96–NM–46–AD] Aviation Administration) [Airspace Docket poena Authority and Description of Means of (RIN: 2120–AA64) received February 4, 1997, No. 97–ACE–01] (RIN: 2120–AA66) (1997–0024) Service (RIN: 2900–AH00) received December pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 26, 1996, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to mittee on Transportation and Infrastruc- U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. ture. Transportation and Infrastructure. 1625. A letter from the Director of the Of- 1606. A letter from the General Counsel, 1615. A letter from the General Counsel, fice of Regulations Management, Depart- Department of Transportation, transmitting Department of Transportation, transmitting ment of Veterans Affairs, transmitting the the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness the Department’s final rule—Amendment to Department’s final rule—Adjudication Regu- Directives; McDonnell Douglas Model DC–9, Class E Airspace; Jefferson City, MO (Fed- lations; Miscellaneous (RIN: 2900–AI43) re- DC–9–80, and C–9 (Military) Series Airplanes eral Aviation Administration) [Airspace ceived January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. and Model MD–88 Airplanes (Federal Avia- Docket No. 96–ACE–18] (RIN: 2120–AA66) 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Veterans’ tion Administration) [Docket No. 96–NM–99– (1997–0025) received February 4, 1997, pursu- Affairs. AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) received February 4, ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee 1626. A letter from the Director, Office of 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the on Transportation and Infrastructure. Regulations Management, Department of Committee on Transportation and Infra- 1616. A letter from the General Counsel, Veterans Affairs, transmitting the Depart- structure. Department of Transportation, transmitting ment’s final rule—Loan Guaranty: Limita- 1607. A letter from the General Counsel, the Department’s final rule—Amendment to tion on Discount Points Financed in Connec- Department of Transportation, transmitting Class E Airspace; Omaha, NE (Federal Avia- tion With Interest Rate Reduction Refinanc- the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness tion Administration) [Airspace Docket No. ing Loans (RIN: 2900–AH90) received January Directives; Boeing Model 727 Series Air- 96–ACE–21] (RIN: 2120–AA66) (1997–0026) re- 21, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to planes (Federal Aviation Administration) ceived February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. the Committee on Veterans’ Affairs. [Docket No. 95–NM–223–AD] (RIN: 2120–AA64) 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- 1627. A letter from the Chief Counsel, Bu- received February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 tation and Infrastructure. reau of the Public Debt, transmitting the U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on 1617. A letter from the General Counsel, Bureau’s final rule—Regulations Governing Transportation and Infrastructure. Department of Transportation, transmitting Book-Entry Securities of the Student Loan 1608. A letter from the General Counsel, the Department’s final rule—Amendment to Marketing Association (Sallie Mae) [31 CFR Department of Transportation, transmitting Restricted Area R–2601 Fort Carson, CO (Fed- Part 354] received January 2, 1997, pursuant the Department’s final rule—Airworthiness eral Aviation Administration) [Airspace to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Directives; Contrucciones Aeronauticas, S.A. Docket No. 95–ANM–28] (RIN: 2120–AA66) re- Ways and means. (CASA) Model CN–235 Series Airplanes (Fed- ceived February 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1628. A letter from the Regulatory Policy eral Aviation Administration) [Docket No. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Officer, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, and 96–NM–76–AD] (RIN 2120–AA64) received Feb- tation and Infrastructure. Firearms, transmitting the Bureau’s final ruary 4, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1618. A letter from the General Counsel, rule—Redwood Valley Viticultural Area 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Transpor- Department of Transportation, transmitting (95R–053P) [TDATF–386; RE: Notice No. 838] tation and Infrastructure. the Department’s final rule—Change Con- (RIN: 1512–AA07) received January 10, 1997, 1609. A letter from the General Counsel, trolling Agency for Restricted Areas R–2905A pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- Department of Transportation, transmitting and R–2905B, Tyndall AFB, FL (Federal mittee on Ways and Means. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H345 1629. A letter from the Administrator, tions [Rev. Proc. 97–13] received January 13, the Administration’s final rule—Reduction Health Care Financing Administration, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the in Supplemental Security Income (SSI) Pay- transmitting the Administration’s final Committee on Ways and Means. able to Institutionalized Children Whose rule—Medicare Program; Electronic Cost Re- 1642. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Medical Costs are Covered by Private Insur- porting for Skilled Nursing Facilities and Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting ance (RIN: 0960–AE61) received January 21, Home Health Agencies [BPD–788–F] (RIN: the Service’s final rule—Last-In, First-Out 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the 0938–AH12) received January 10, 1997, pursu- Inventories [Rev. Rul. 97–6] received January Committee on Ways and Means. ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee 13, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to 1654. A letter from the Director of the Of- on Ways and Means. the Committee on Ways and Means. fice of Administration and Management, De- 1630. A letter from the Chief, Regulations 1643. A letter from the Chief, Regulations partment of Defense, transmitting the cer- Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting tification that the total cost for the plan- the Service’s final rule—Rulings and Deter- the Service’s final rule—Closing Agreements ning, design, construction, and installation mination Letters [Rev. Proc. 97–8] received [Rev. Proc. 97–15] received January 16, 1997, of equipment for the renovation of the Pen- January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Com- tagon will not exceed $1,118,000,000, pursuant 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and mittee on Ways and Means. to Public Law 104–208, section 8079; jointly, 1644. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Means. to the Committees on National Security and Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 1631. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Appropriations. the Service’s final rule—Determination of Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 1655. A letter from the Secretaries of Issue Price in the Case of Certain Debt In- the Service’s final rule—Computation of For- Transportation and Defense, transmitting struments Issued for Property [Rev. Rul. 97– eign Taxes Deemed Paid Under Section 902 notification that $300 million appropriated to 7] received January 21, 1997, pursuant to 5 Pursuant to a Pooling Mechanism for Undis- the Department of Defense for transfer to U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on tributed Earnings and Foreign Taxes [TD the Coast Guard will be used only for the 8708] (RIN: 1545–AL98) received January 6, Ways and Means. 1645. A letter from the Chief, Regulations performance of national security functions 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting of the Coast Guard in support of the Depart- Committee on Ways and Means. the Service’s final rule—Revisions of the ment of Defense; jointly, to the Committees 1632. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Section 338 Consistency Rules with Respect on National Security and Transportation Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting to Target Affiliates that are Controlled For- and Infrastructure. the Service’s final rule—Rulings and Deter- eign Corporations [TD 8710] (RIN: 1545–AO73) 1656. A letter from the Administrator, mination Letters [Rev. Proc. 97–6] received received January 22, 1997, pursuant to 5 Agency for International Development, January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on transmitting the Agency’s report covering 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and Ways and Means. allocations under the economic support fund Means. 1646. A letter from the Chief, Regulations and international organizations and pro- 1633. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting grams accounts, pursuant to 22 U.S.C. Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting the Service’s final rule—Section 42(d)(5) Fed- 2413(a); jointly, to the Committees on Inter- the Service’s final rule—Rulings and Deter- eral Grants [TD 8713] (RIN: 1545–AU93) re- national Relations and Appropriations. mination Letters [Rev. Proc. 97–1] received ceived January 24, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1657. A letter from the Assistant Secretary January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and for Legislative Affairs, Department of State, 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and Means. transmitting certification that Nigeria has Means. 1647. A letter from the Chief, Regulations adopted a regulatory program governing the 1634. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting incidental taking of certain sea turtles, pur- Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting the Service’s final rule—Notice of Intent to suant to Public Law 101–162, section 609(b)(2) the Service’s final rule—Rulings and Deter- Issue Guidance Allowing Farmers to Expedi- (103 Stat. 1038); jointly, to the Committees mination Letters [Rev. Proc. 97–4] received tiously Change Their Method of Accounting on Resources and Appropriations. January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. for Deferred Payment Sales Contracts in 1658. A letter from the Assistant Secretary 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and Computing Alternative Minimum Tax [No- of the Army (Civil Works), Department of Means. tice 97–13] received January 28, 1997, pursu- the Army, transmitting a plan that reduces 1635. A letter from the Chief, Regulations ant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee the number of Army Corps of Engineers divi- Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting on Ways and Means. sions to no less than six and no more than the Service’s final rule—Rulings and Deter- 1648. A letter from the Chief, Regulations eight, with each division responsible for at mination Letters [Rev. Proc. 97–5] received Unit, Internal Revenue Service transmitting least four district offices, pursuant to Public January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. the Service’s final rule—Weighted Average Law 104–206 (110 Stat. 2989); jointly, to the 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and Interest Rate Update [Notice 97–8] received Committees on Transportation and Infra- Means. January 28, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. structure and Appropriations. 1636. A letter from the Chief, Regulations 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and 1659. A letter from the Secretary of Health Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting Means. and Human Services, transmitting the De- the Service’s final rule—Definition of Pri- 1649. A letter from the Chief, Regulations partment’s final rule—Medicare and Medic- vate Activity Bonds [TD 8712] (RIN: 1545– Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting aid Programs; Requirements for Physician AU62) received January 10, 1997, pursuant to the Service’s final rule—Last-In, First-Out Incentive Plans in Prepaid Health Care Orga- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Inventories [Rev. Rul. 97–8] received January nizations [OMC–010–F] (RIN: 0938–AF74) re- Ways and Means. 29, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to ceived January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 1637. A letter from the Chief, Regulations the Committee on Ways and Means. 801(a)(1)(A); jointly, to the Committees on Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 1650. A letter from the National Director, Ways and Means and Commerce. the Service’s final rule—Intangibles Under Tax Forms and Publications Division, Inter- Sections 1060 and 338 [TD 8711] (RIN: 1545– nal Revenue Service, transmitting the Serv- f AU82) received January 13, 1997, pursuant to ice’s final rule—Charge Imposed for Each Re- 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on quest for a Copy of a Tax Return or Other PUBLIC BILLS AND RESOLUTIONS Ways and Means. Related Document [Rev. Proc. 97–11] received Under clause 5 of rule X and clause 4 1638. A letter from the Chief, Regulations January 31, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. of rule XXII, public bills and resolu- Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Ways and tions were introduced and severally re- the Service’s final rule—Gross Income [Rev. Means. Rul. 97–5] received January 13, 1997, pursuant 1651. A letter from the Secretary of the ferred as follows: to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on Treasury, transmitting a report on the tax- By Mr. LOBIONDO (for himself, Mr. Ways and Means. ation of Social Security and Railroad Retire- CONDIT, Mrs. ROUKEMA, Mr. SAXTON, 1639. A letter from the Chief, Regulations ment benefits in calendar year 1992, pursuant Mr. STARK, Mr. STUPAK, and Mr. Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting to 42 U.S.C. 401 note; to the Committee on TRAFICANT): the Service’s final rule—Rules for Certain Ways and Means. H.R. 585. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Reserves [Rev. Rul. 97–2] received January 1652. A letter from the Chief of Staff, So- Social Security Act to provide for prospec- 13, 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to cial Security Administration, transmitting tive payment under the Medicare Program the Committee on Ways and Means. the Administration’s final rule—Federal Old- for inpatient services of rehabilitation hos- 1640. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Age, Survivors and Disability Insurance; De- pitals and units based on discharges classi- Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting termining Disability and Blindness; Exten- fied by functional-related groups; to the the Service’s final rule—Rules and Regula- sion of Expiration Date for Growth Impair- Committee on Ways and Means. tions [Rev. Proc. 97–14] received January 13, ment Listings [Regulations No. 4] (RIN: 0960– By Mr. GANSKE (for himself, Mr. MAR- 1997, pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the AE60) received January 6, 1997, pursuant to 5 KEY, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. ACKER- Committee on Ways and Means. U.S.C. 801(a)(1)(A); to the Committee on MAN, Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. BALLENGER, 1641. A letter from the Chief, Regulations Ways and Means. Mr. BARCIA of Michigan, Mr. BARRETT Unit, Internal Revenue Service, transmitting 1653. A letter from the Chief of Staff, So- of Wisconsin, Mr. BENTSEN, Mr. BOEH- the Service’s final rule—Rules and Regula- cial Security Administration, transmitting LERT, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. BOUCHER, Mr. H346 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997

BROWN of Ohio, Mr. BURTON of Indi- tional discovery trails, to authorize the By Mrs. CHENOWETH (for herself, Mr. ana, Mr. CANADY of Florida, Mr. American Discovery Trail as the first trail in CRAPO, Mr. DOOLITTLE, and Mr. SMITH CHABOT, Mr. CHAMBLISS, Mrs. CLAY- that category, and for other purposes; to the of Oregon): TON, Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. COBURN, Mr. Committee on Resources. H.R. 596. A bill to prohibit further exten- CONDIT, Mr. COOKSEY, Mr. CRAPO, Mr. By Mr. BILBRAY (for himself, Ms. sion or establishment of any national monu- CUMMINGS, Mr. DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. HARMAN, Mr. HORN, Mr. WHITE, Mr. ment without an express act of Congress; to DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. CUNNINGHAM, Mr. PACK- the Committee on Resources. DELAHUNT, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. DEL- ARD, Mr. BAKER, Mr. HAYWORTH, Mr. H.R. 597. A bill to prohibit further exten- LUMS, Mr. DOOLEY of California, Mr. HUNTER, Mr. LEWIS of California, Mr. sion or establishment of any national monu- EHLERS, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. EVANS, Mr. KING of New York, and Mr. DREIER): ment in Idaho without full public participa- FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. FATTAH, Mr. H.R. 589. A bill to amend the Fair Housing tion and an express act of Congress, and for FILNER, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. FOX of Act, and for other purposes; to the Commit- other purposes; to the Committee on Re- Pennsylvania, Mr. FRANK of Massa- tee on the Judiciary. sources. chusetts, Mr. FROST, Ms. FURSE, Mr. By Mr. BLUMENAUER (for himself, By Mr. ENSIGN (for himself and Mr. GEJDENSON, Mr. GILLMOR, Mr. GIL- Mr. CONYERS, Mr. FARR of California, SCARBOROUGH): H.R. 598. A bill to provide for certain mili- MAN, Mr. GORDON, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. and Mr. TRAFICANT): tary retirees and dependents a special Medi- GREEN, Mr. GREENWOOD, Mr. HANSEN, H.R. 590. A bill to amend the act of Sep- care part B enrollment period during which Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. HEFLEY, tember 30, 1961, to limit the antitrust exemp- the late enrollment penalty is waived and a Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. HOSTETTLER, Mr. tion applicable to broadcasting agreements special medigap open enrollment period dur- HOUGHTON, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHN- made by leagues of professional sports, and ing which no underwriting is permitted; to SON of Texas, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. KEN- for other purposes; to the Committee on the the Committee on Commerce, and in addi- NEDY of Massachusetts, Mr. KILDEE, Judiciary. By Mr. BROWN of California (for him- tion to the Committee on Ways and Means, Ms. KILPATRICK, Mr. KIND of Wiscon- for a period to be subsequently determined self, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. sin, Mr. KING of New York, Mr. by the Speaker, in each case for consider- ENGEL, Mr. EVANS, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. KLINK, Mr. LAFALCE, ation of such provisions as fall within the ju- FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. FILNER, Mr. Mr. LATHAM, Mr. LEACH, Mr. LEWIS of risdiction of the committee concerned. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. MAR- Georgia, Mr. LATOURETTE, Mr. By Mr. EVANS (for himself, Mr. LIPIN- TINEZ, Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mrs. LOBIONDO, Ms. LOFGREN, Mrs. LOWEY, SKI, Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. MINK of Hawaii, Ms. NORTON, Mr. Mr. MCDERMOTT, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mrs. SABO, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. DEFAZIO, PASTOR, Mr. POMEROY, Mr. SANDERS, MALONEY of New York, Mr. MAR- and Mr. SANDERS): TINEZ, Mr. MEEHAN, Mrs. MEEK of Mr. TORRES, and Mr. WAXMAN): H.R. 599. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- H.R. 591. A bill to require the Commis- Florida, Mr. MENENDEZ, Mr. MILLER enue Code of 1986 to reduce tax benefits for of California, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, sioner of Social Security and the Secretary foreign corporations, and for other purposes; Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mrs. MYRICK, of the Treasury to develop and implement to the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. NADLER, Mr. NETHERCUTT, Mr. measures to eliminate and prevent By Mr. FARR of California (for him- mismatching of earnings information main- NEAL of Massachusetts, Mr. NEY, Mr. self, Mr. GEPHARDT, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. tained by the Social Security Administra- NORWOOD, Mr. OLVER, Mr. OWENS, Mr. FAZIO of California, Mr. ACKERMAN, tion and the Internal Revenue Service re- OXLEY, Mr. PASTOR, Mr. PAYNE, Ms. Mr. BALDACCI, Mr. BLUMENAUER, Mr. sulting in underpayment of Social Security PELOSI, Mr. PICKETT, Mr. PORTER, BORSKI, Mr. BROWN of California, Mr. benefits; to the Committee on Ways and Mr. POSHARD, Ms. PRYCE of Ohio, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. COYNE, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. Means. RAHALL, Mrs. ROUKEMA, Mr. RUSH, DELAHUNT, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. ENGEL, By Mr. BURTON of Indiana: Mr. SANDERS, Mr. SAWYER, Mr. Ms. ESHOO, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. H.R. 592. A bill to establish a priority in SAXTON, Mr. SCARBOROUGH, Mr. FATTAH, Mr. FORD, Mr. FRANK of the disposal of real property resulting from SERRANO, Mr. SKAGGS, Mr. SKEEN, Massachusetts, Ms. FURSE, Mr. GEJD- the closure or realignment of military in- Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. SMITH of New ENSON, Mr. HALL of Ohio, Mr. HEF- stallations toward States and other entities Jersey, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. STARK, Mr. NER, Mr. HINCHEY, Ms. JACKSON-LEE, that agree to convert the property into cor- STOKES, Mr. TAUZIN, Mr. Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas, rectional facilities for youthful offenders to THORNBERRY, Mrs. THURMAN, Mr. Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts, Mr. be operated as military-style boot camps and TRAFICANT, Mr. WELDON of Florida, KENNEDY of Rhode Island, Mr. KLECZ- to require the Secretary of Defense to de- Mr. WALSH, Mr. WAXMAN, Mr. KA, Mr. LAFALCE, Mrs. LOWEY, Mrs. velop a program to promote the expanded WEYGAND, Mr. WHITFIELD, Mr. WISE, MALONEY of New York, Mr. MANTON, use of such correctional facilities; to the and Ms. WOOLSEY): Mr. MASCARA, Mrs. MCCARTHY of New Committee on National Security, and in ad- H.R. 586. A bill to prohibit the restriction York, Ms. MILLENDER-MCDONALD, Mr. dition to the Committee on the Judiciary, of certain types of medical communications MINGE, Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. for a period to be subsequently determined between a health care provider and a patient; MORAN of Virginia, Ms. NORTON, Mr. by the Speaker, in each case for consider- to the Committee on Commerce, and in addi- OLVER, Mr. OWENS, Ms. PELOSI, Ms. ation of such provisions as fall within the ju- tion to the Committees on Ways and Means, RIVERS, Mr. SANDERS, Mr. SPRATT, and Education and the Workforce, for a pe- risdiction of the committee concerned. Mr. TORRES, Mr. VENTO, Ms. WOOL- riod to be subsequently determined by the By Mr. CAMPBELL: SEY, Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. WISE, Mr. Speaker, in each case for consideration of H.R. 593. A bill to amend the Balanced DINGELL, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. ABER- such provisions as fall within the jurisdic- Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act CROMBIE, Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, tion of the committee concerned. of 1985 to provide for a sequestration of all Mr. MATSUI, Mrs. THURMAN, Mr. By Mr. BENTSEN: budgetary accounts for fiscal year 1998, ex- H.R. 587. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- cept Social Security, Federal retirement, DEFAZIO, and Mrs. MEEK of Florida): H.R. 600. A bill to amend the Federal Elec- enue Code of 1986 to eliminate tax subsidies and interest on the debt, equal to 5 percent tion Campaign Act of 1971 to reform the fi- for ethanol fuel; to the Committee on Ways of the OMB baseline; to the Committee on nancing of Federal election campaigns, and and Means. the Budget. for other purposes; to the Committee on By Mr. BEREUTER (for himself, Mr. By Mr. CANADY of Florida (for him- House Oversight, and in addition to the Com- CASTLE, Mr. COSTELLO, Mrs. KELLY, self, Mr. BROWN of California, Mr. mittees on Ways and Means, Commerce, Gov- Mr. HASTINGS of Florida, Mr. HAMIL- GOSS, Mr. CALVERT, Ms. DELAURO, ernment Reform and Oversight, and Rules, TON, Mr. PICKETT, Mr. MCINTOSH, Mr. Mr. DEFAZIO, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. for a period to be subsequently determined BUNNING of Kentucky, Mr. EVANS, SHAYS, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. DAVIS of by the Speaker, in each case for consider- Mr. DAN SCHAEFER of Colorado, Mr. Virginia, Mr. YATES, Mr. HERGER, Ms. ation of such provisions as fall within the ju- HEFLEY, Mr. FROST, Mr. MOLLOHAN, WOOLSEY, Mr. HYDE, Mrs. MEEK of risdiction of the committee concerned. Ms. WOOLSEY, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, Florida, Mr. MURTHA, Mr. LEACH, Mr. By Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts: Mr. MILLER of California, Ms. NOR- MCINTOSH, Mr. MILLER of California, H.R. 601. A bill to amend the Immigration TON, Mr. SKAGGS, Mr. POSHARD, Mr. and Ms. FURSE): and Nationality Act to permit local edu- FAZIO of California, Mr. DAVIS of Illi- H.R. 594. A bill to amend the Animal Wel- cational agencies to waive the reimburse- nois, Mr. STARK, Mr. BARRETT of Ne- fare Act to ensure that all dogs and cats used ment of the agency otherwise required for an braska, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mr. by research facilities are obtained legally; to alien to be accorded nonimmigrant status to LIPINSKI, Mr. VENTO, Mr. EHLERS, Mr. the Committee on Agriculture. study at a public secondary school adminis- WELLER, Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. FAWELL, By Mr. CHAMBLISS: tered by the agency; to the Committee on Mr. LEACH, Mrs. TAUSCHER, Ms. H.R. 595. A bill to designate the Federal the Judiciary. PELOSI, Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. RAHALL, building and U.S. courthouse located at 475 H.R. 602. A bill to amend the Immigration and Mr. HINCHEY): Mulberry Street in Macon, GA, as the ‘‘Wil- and Nationality Act to require the Attorney H.R. 588. A bill to amend the National liam Augustus Bootle Federal Building and General to provide for special consideration Trails System Act to create a new category United States Courthouse’’; to the Commit- concerning the English language require- of long-distance trails to be known as na- tee on Transportation and Infrastructure. ments with respect to the naturalization of February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H347

individuals over 65 years of age; to the Com- TER, Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Mr. TIAN-GREEN, Mr. OLVER, Ms. mittee on the Judiciary. TOWNS, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. BROWN of STABENOW, Mr. LAFALCE, and Mr. By Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey (for California, and Mr. HALL of Ohio): BILBRAY): himself and Mr. MEEHAN): H.R. 611. A bill to close the U.S. Army H.R. 616. A bill to require that health plans H.R. 603. A bill to prohibit Federal sub- School of the Americas; to the Committee on provide coverage for a minimum hospital sidies for the Tennessee Valley Authority National Security. stay for mastectomies and lymph node dis- after fiscal year 1998; to the Committee on By Mrs. KENNELLY of Connecticut section for the treatment of breast cancer, Transportation and Infrastructure. (for herself, Mr. EHRLICH, Mr. NEAL of coverage for reconstructive surgery follow- By Mr. GALLEGLY (for himself, Mr. Massachusetts, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, ing mastectomies, and coverage for second- COBLE, Mr. BERMAN, Mr. MCCOLLUM, Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. BEREUTER, ary consultations; to the Committee on Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. GOODLATTE, Mr. Mr. CLEMENT, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. Commerce, and in addition to the Commit- CLEMENT, Mr. GEKAS, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. TRAFICANT, Mr. tees on Ways and Means, and Education and UNDERWOOD, and Mr. OWENS): FROST, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. ABER- the Workforce, for a period to be subse- H.R. 604. A bill to amend title 17, United CROMBIE, Mr. UNDERWOOD, Mr. DAVIS quently determined by the Speaker, in each States Code, with respect to the duration of of Virginia, Mr. LATHAM, Mr. ADAM case for consideration of such provisions as copyright, and for other purposes; to the SMITH of Washington, Ms. LOFGREN, fall within the jurisdiction of the committee Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. PAYNE, Mr. RA- concerned. By Mr. GILCHREST (for himself and HALL, Mr. SPRATT, Mr. GEJDENSON, By Mr. NADLER (for himself, Mr. Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland): Mr. FARR of California, Mr. LAZIO of New York, Ms. SLAUGHTER, DDIE ERNICE OHNSON H.R. 605. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- MENENDEZ, Ms. DELAURO, Mr. SAND- Ms. E B J of Texas, Mr. YATES, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. ENGEL, enue Code of 1986 to clarify that certain ERS, Mr. LANTOS, Mr. HALL of Ohio, Mr. LAFALCE, Mr. MARTINEZ, Mr. school bus contractors and drivers are not Ms. JACKSON-LEE, Mr. KLECZKA, Mrs. HINCHEY, Ms. LOFGREN, Ms. NORTON, employees; to the Committee on Ways and MALONEY of New York, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. FALEOMAVAEGA, and Ms. CHRIS- Means. Mr. COYNE, Mrs. CLAYTON, Mr. TIAN-GREEN): By Mr. GOODLATTE (for himself and MALONEY of Connecticut, Mr. YOUNG H.R. 617. A bill to amend the Public Health Mr. BOUCHER): of Alaska, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. FRANK of H.R. 606. A bill to amend the Appalachian Service Act and Employee Retirement In- Massachusetts, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mr. come Security Act of 1974 to require that Regional Development Act of 1965 to include LEWIS of Georgia, Mr. SHAYS, Ms. Montgomery, Roanoke, and Rockbridge group and individual health insurance cov- MCCARTHY of Missouri, and Ms. KAP- erage and group health plans provide cov- Counties, VA, as part of the Appalachian re- TUR): gion; to the Committee on Transportation erage for annual screening mammography H.R. 612. A bill to amend title II of the So- for women 40 years of age or older if the cov- and Infrastructure. cial Security Act to restore the link between By Mr. HANSEN (for himself, Mr. erage or plans include coverage for diag- the maximum amount of earnings by blind nostic mammography; to the Committee on BAKER, Mr. KENNEDY of Massachu- individuals permitted without demonstrat- Commerce, and in addition to the Commit- setts, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. WAXMAN, Ms. ing ability to engage in substantial gainful tees on Ways and Means, and Education and RIVERS, Mr. SAWYER, Mr. EVANS, Mr. activity and the exempt amount permitted the Workforce, for a period to be subse- BOUCHER, Ms. FURSE, and Mr. FROST): in determining excess earnings under the quently determined by the Speaker, in each H.R. 607. A bill to amend the Truth in earnings test; to the Committee on Ways and case for consideration of such provisions as Lending Act to require notice of cancellation Means. fall within the jurisdiction of the committee rights with respect to private mortgage in- By Mr. LEWIS of Georgia (for himself, concerned. surance which is required by creditor as a Mr. BISHOP, Mr. CHAMBLISS, Mr. DEAL By Mr. PETERSON of Minnesota: condition for entering into a residential of Georgia, Mr. KINGSTON, and Mr. H.R. 618. A bill to prohibit the Secretary of mortgage transaction, and for other pur- NORWOOD): Agriculture from using information from the poses; to the Committee on Banking and Fi- H.R. 613. A bill to designate the Federal National Cheese Exchange to fix minimum nancial Services. building located at 100 Alabama Street NW, milk prices under Federal milk marketing By Mr. HILLIARD: in Atlanta, GA, as the ‘‘Sam Nunn Federal orders; to the Committee on Agriculture. H.R. 608. A bill to direct the Secretary of Center’’; to the Committee on Transpor- By Mr. PORTER (for himself, Mr. the Interior to convey the Marion National tation and Infrastructure. SHAYS, Mr. OLVER, Mr. FRANK of Mas- Fish Hatchery and the Claude Harris Na- By Mr. LUTHER (for himself, Mr. sachusetts, Ms. MOLINARI, Mrs. tional Aquacultural Research Center to the GUTKNECHT, Mr. CONDIT, Mr. MALONEY of New York, Mr. LEWIS of State of Alabama; to the Committee on Re- RAMSTAD, Ms. FURSE, Mr. BARRETT of Georgia, Mrs. KELLY, Ms. WOOLSEY, sources. Wisconsin, Mr. BAKER, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. GEJDENSON, Mr. BENTSEN, Ms. By Mr. HOLDEN (for himself, Mr. BOU- Mr. ENSIGN, and Mr. MCHALE): NORTON, Mr. SANDERS, Mr. LANTOS, CHER, Mr. KANJORSKI, Mr. MASCARA, H.R. 614. A bill to reduce the number of ex- Mr. BROWN of California, Ms. MCKIN- Mr. MURTHA, and Mr. WISE): ecutive branch political appointees; to the NEY, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. H.R. 609. A bill to make improvements in Committee on Government Reform and FALEOMAVAEGA, Mr. MANTON, Mr. the Black Lung Benefits Act; to the Commit- Oversight. FARR of California, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. tee on Education and the Workforce. By Mr. MCDERMOTT (for himself, Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey, Mr. By Ms. KAPTUR (for herself, Mr. RANGEL, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. LEWIS of MCDERMOTT, Mr. SKAGGS, Mr. STARK, BARRETT of Wisconsin, and Ms. Georgia, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. TORRES, Mr. YATES, Mr. BILBRAY, Mr. GILMAN, SLAUGHTER): Ms. NORTON, Mr. RUSH, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. ROGAN, Mr. GOSS, Mr. H.R. 610. A bill to amend the Federal Elec- Mr. FAZIO of California, Ms. LOFGREN, SMITH of New Jersey, Ms. PELOSI, Mr. tion Campaign Act of 1971 to prohibit con- Mrs. CLAYTON, and Mr. CANADY of OBERSTAR, Mr. ROMERO-BARCELO, Mr. tributions and expenditures by multican- Florida): LEACH, Mr. BOUCHER, Mr. TORRES, didate political committees controlled by H.R. 615. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. foreign-owned corporations, and for other enue Code of 1986 to allow expanded penalty- COSTELLO, Mr. EVANS, Mr. DELLUMS, purposes; to the Committee on House Over- free withdrawals from certain retirement Mr. BOEHLERT, Mr. HORN, Mr. CAMP- sight, and in addition to the Committee on plans during periods of unemployment; to BELL, Mr. TALENT, Ms. FURSE, and the Judiciary, for a period to be subse- the Committee on Ways and Means. Mr. PAYNE): quently determined by the Speaker, in each By Ms. MOLINARI (for herself, Mrs. H.R. 619. A bill to prohibit the import, ex- case for consideration of such provisions as KELLY, Mr. LOBIONDO, Mr. FLAKE, port, sale, purchase, possession, transpor- fall within the jurisdiction of the committee Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. KING of New tation, acquisition, and receipt of bear concerned. York, Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. DEAL of viscera or products that contain or claim to By Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts Georgia, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. LAZIO of contain bear viscera, and for other purposes; (for himself, Mr. MEEHAN, Mrs. New York, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, to the Committee on Resources, and in addi- LOWEY, Mr. BONIOR, Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. FOX of Pennsylvania, Mr. AN- tion to the Committees on International Re- Mr. STARK, Ms. RIVERS, Mr. VENTO, DREWS, Mr. PALLONE, Mr. WALSH, Mr. lations, and Ways and Means, for a period to Mr. CONYERS, Mr. BARRETT of Wis- FROST, Mr. ENGLISH of Pennsylvania, be subsequently determined by the Speaker, consin, Mr. MORAN of Virginia, Mrs. Mr. WOLF, Mr. MCNULTY, Mrs. ROU- in each case for consideration of such provi- MINK of Hawaii, Mr. MARKEY, Mr. KEMA, Mr. FORBES, Mr. ADAM SMITH sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the MCDERMOTT, Mrs. MALONEY of New of Washington, Mrs. MCCARTHY of committee concerned. York, Mr. KLUG, Mr. SERRANO, Mr. New York, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. By Mr. RAMSTAD (for himself, Mr. GEJDENSON, Ms. VELA´ ZQUEZ, Mr. PAPPAS, Mr. FILNER, Mr. HORN, Mr. GUTKNECHT, Mr. LUTHER, Mr. MINGE, OLVER, Ms. MCKINNEY, Mr. SHAYS, DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. MARTINEZ, Mr. Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. PETERSON of Min- Mr. GUTIERREZ, Mr. KLECZKA, Mr. WELLER, Mr. GUTIERREZ, Ms. DUNN of nesota, Mr. SABO, and Mr. VENTO): HINCHEY, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. EVANS, Mr. Washington, Mr. GILMAN, Mr. SAND- H.R. 620. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- MINGE, Mr. BARCIA of Michigan, Mr. ERS, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. SHAW, Ms. enue Code of 1986 to provide that the con- BALDACCI, Mr. SANDERS, Ms. SLAUGH- GRANGER, Mr. GIBBONS, Ms. CHRIS- ducting of certain games of chance shall not H348 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE February 5, 1997 be treated as an unrelated trade or business; mir, India; to the Committee on Inter- ADDITIONAL SPONSORS to the Committee on Ways and Means. national Relations. By Mr. STARK (for himself, Mr. By Mr. FAZIO of California: Under clause 4 of rule XXII, sponsors MCDERMOTT, and Mr. FRANK of Mas- H. Res. 36. Resolution designating minor- were added to public bills and resolu- sachusetts): ity membership on certain standing commit- tions as follows: H.R. 621. A bill to provide for parity in the tees of the House. H.R. 9: Mr. WATTS of Oklahoma. treatment of mental illness; to the Commit- By Mr. BLUMENAUER (for himself, H.R. 14: Mr. SHAYS, Mr. STUMP, Mrs. tee on Ways and Means, and in addition to Mr. EHLERS, Mr. DELLUMS, Ms. NOR- MYRICK, Mr. MCCRERY, Mr. MILLER of Flor- the Committee on Commerce, for a period to TON, Mr. LEACH, Mr. GEJDENSON, Mr. ida, Mr. SKEEN, Mr. PITTS, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. be subsequently determined by the Speaker, MARKEY, Ms. FURSE, Mr. CRAMER, Mr. METCALF, Mr. JONES, Mr. NEY, in each case for consideration of such provi- KNOLLENBERG, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. LEWIS Mr. BOUCHER, Mr. HEFLEY, Mr. TAYLOR of sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the of Georgia, Mr. WATT of North Caro- North Carolina, Mr. CHABOT, Mr. SENSEN- committee concerned. lina, Mr. DEFAZIO, Mrs. KELLY, Mr. BRENNER, Mr. TALENT, Mr. ROGAN, Mrs. EM- By Mr. STUMP (for himself, Mr. PETRI, NADLER, Mr. ENGEL, Mr. OLVER, Mr. ERSON, Mr. GOODLING, Mr. ROHRABACHER, Ms. Mr. HERGER, Mr. HILLEARY, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. FROST, Mrs. GRANGER, Mr. GALLEGLY, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mr. BUNNING of Kentucky, and Mr. MORELLA, Mr. BONIOR, and Mr. LA- COOKSEY, and Mr. HAYWORTH. EWING): FALCE): H.R. 17: Mrs. CLAYTON. H.R. 622. A bill to amend title 4, United H. Res. 37. Resolution authorizing the H.R. 18: Mr. KNOLLENBERG and Mr. MINGE. States Code, to declare English as the offi- House of Representatives to participate in H.R. 26: Mr. BARCIA of Michigan, Mr. cial language of the Government of the Unit- State and local government transit programs LATOURETTE, Mr. NORWOOD, Mr. DEAL of ed States; to the Committee on Education pursuant to section 7905 of title 5, United Georgia, and Mr. BISHOP. and the Workforce, and in addition to the States Code; to the Committee on House H.R. 54: Mr. KANJORSKI, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. Committee on the Judiciary, for a period to Oversight. HORN, Mr. HALL of Texas, Mr. SOLOMON, Mr. be subsequently determined by the Speaker, By Ms. JACKSON-LEE (for herself, Mr. FILNER, Mr. DOOLITTLE, and Ms. ROYBAL- ALLARD. in each case for consideration of such provi- OWENS, Mr. MATSUI, Mr. SCHUMER, H.R. 69: Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. MINGE, Mr. sions as fall within the jurisdiction of the Mrs. MORELLA, Mr. CUMMINGS, Mrs. SMITH of New Jersey, and Mr. WYNN. committee concerned. CLAYTON, Mrs. LOWEY, Ms. STABENOW, H.R. 76: Mr. ABERCROMBIE, Mr. ACKERMAN, By Mr. TRAFICANT: and Mr. FORD): Mr. BARCIA of Michigan, Mr. BILIRAKIS, Mr. H.R. 623. A bill to amend the Public Build- H. Res. 38. Resolution to express the sense BOUCHER, Mr. CALVERT, Mr. CAMPBELL, Mr. ings Act of 1959 concerning the calculation of of the House of Representatives regarding CLEMENT, Mr. COLLINS, Mr. COSTELLO, Mr. public building transactions; to the Commit- the outstanding achievements of NetDay; to DAVIS of Virginia, Mr. DELLUMS, Mr. ENSIGN, tee on Transportation and Infrastructure. the Committee on Education and the Mr. FARR of California, Mr. FILNER, Mr. By Mr. BLUNT (for himself and Mr. Workforce. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. FROST, Mr. TALENT): By Mr. SKAGGS: GEJDENSON, Mr. GONZALEZ, Mr. HEFLEY, Ms. H.J. Res. 42. Joint resolution proposing an H. Res. 39. Resolution amending the Rules JACKSON-LEE, Mr. LEWIS of Georgia, Mr. amendment to the Constitution of the Unit- of the House of Representatives to afford MCDERMOTT, Mr. MCHUGH, Ms. MCKINNEY, ed States to limit the number of terms a witnesses greater freedom to provide infor- Mrs. MEEK of Florida, Mr. METCALF, Ms. Member of Congress may serve, and to au- mation to House committees by eliminating NORTON, Mr. NORWOOD, Mr. PARKER, Mr. PAS- thorize a State to provide longer or shorter current administrative requirements; to the TOR, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. SAXTON, Mr. TORRES, term limits for a Member of Congress from Committee on Rules. Mr. WOLF, Mr. YOUNG of Alaska, and Mr. that State; to the Committee on the Judici- By Mr. TOWNS: SCARBOROUGH. ary. H. Res. 40. Resolution expressing the sense H.R. 93: Mr. HUNTER. By Mr. CAMPBELL: of the House concerning the need for accu- H.J. Res. 43. Joint resolution proposing an H.R. 98: Mr. STARK, Mr. KENNEDY of Massa- rate guidelines for breast cancer screening amendment to the Constitution of the Unit- chusetts, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. UNDERWOOD, for women between the ages of 40 and 49; to ed States to abolish the Electoral College Ms. NORTON, Mr. MARTINEZ, Mrs. MALONEY of the Committee on Commerce. and to provide for the direct election of the New York, and Mr. LAFALCE. By Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania (for President and Vice President of the United H.R. 125: Mr. LIPINSKI and Mr. PORTER. himself, Mr. ANDREWS, and Mr. ENG- States; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 127: Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. TIAHRT, Mrs. LISH of Pennsylvania): EMERSON, Mr. CANADY of Florida, and Mr. By Mr. OBEY: H. Res. 41. Resolution amending the Rules H.J. Res. 44. Joint resolution proposing an STUPAK. of the House of Representatives to establish amendment to the Constitution of the Unit- H.R. 131: Mr. BARTLETT of Maryland. a Citizens’ Commission on Congressional H.R. 145: Mr. FATTAH and Mr. POSHARD. ed States to require a balanced budget; to Ethics, and for other purposes; to the Com- H.R. 169: Mr. HAYWORTH, Mr. SENSEN- the Committee on the Judiciary. mittee on Rules. BRENNER, Mr. HOSTETTLER, Mr. BALLENGER, By Mr. WISE (for himself, Mr. ABER- Mr. MCINTOSH, Mr. QUINN, Mr. KIM, Mr. FOX CROMBIE, Mr. BORSKI, Mr. BOUCHER, f of Pennsylvania, Mr. ENSIGN, Mr. PAPPAS, Mr. CLAY, Ms. ESHOO, Mr. HINCHEY, Mr. FOLEY, Mr. GOODLATTE, Mr. GALLEGLY, Ms. JACKSON-LEE, Mr. LIPINSKI, Mrs. MEMORIALS Mr. CRAMER, Mr. NEY, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. MALONEY of New York, Mr. MASCARA, Under clause 4 of rule XXII, memori- PITTS, Mr. DEUTSCH, and Mr. SAM JOHNSON. Mrs. MINK of Hawaii, Mr. NADLER, als were presented and referred as fol- H.R. 200: Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania, Mr. Mr. OBERSTAR, Mr. RAHALL, Mr. SAW- lows: SHAYS, Mr. BEREUTER, Mr. SENSENBRENNER, YER, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. SCOTT, Mr. 13. By the SPEAKER: Memorial of the Mr. NORWOOD, and Mr. CANADY of Florida. STARK, and Mr. WYNN): H.R. 225: Mrs. THURMAN. House of Representatives of the State of H.J. Res. 45. Joint resolution proposing a H.R. 235: Mr. YATES, Mr. TRAFICANT, Ms. Michigan, relative to House Resolution No. balanced budget amendment to the Constitu- NORTON, Mr. KING of New York, Mr. 340: to memorialize the President, the Con- tion of the United States; to the Committee GUTIERREZ, Ms. SLAUGHTER, Mr. FRANK of gress of the United States, the Department on the Judiciary. Massachusetts, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. DEUTSCH, of Defense, the Department of Veterans Af- By Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey (for Mrs. CLAYTON, Mr. MCNULTY, and Mr. BER- fairs, and appropriate Federal agencies to himself, Mr. LOBIONDO, Mr. FILNER, MAN. take certain steps in response to the gulf war Mr. BATEMAN, Mr. SCHUMER, Mr. POR- H.R. 279: Mr. MASCARA, Mr. ENGEL, and Mr. syndrome; to the Committee on National Se- TER, Mr. BERMAN, and Mr. EVANS): LIPINSKI. curity. H. Con. Res. 14. Concurrent resolution to H.R. 280: Mr. WATT of North Carolina, Mr. 14. Also, memorial of the Senate of the encourage the Secretary of State, foreign na- WELDON of Pennsylvania, Mr. FATTAH, Mr. State of Ohio, relative to Senate Concurrent tions, and others to work together to help re- DELLUMS, Mr. NEAL of Massachusetts, Mr. Resolution No. 21: to urge the U.S. Congress, unite family members separated during the UNDERWOOD, Ms. CHRISTIAN-GREEN, Mr. Governors of other States, and other State Holocaust; to the Committee on Inter- GEJDENSON, Mr. BALDACCI, Ms. NORTON, Mr. legislatures to support H.R. 1842 and other national Relations. FROST, Mr. FOGLIETTA, Mr. ABERCROMBIE, legislative initiatives to mitigate the eco- By Mr. PALLONE (for himself, Mr. Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. RANGEL, Ms. nomic warfare among the States that has re- MCCOLLUM, Mr. ACKERMAN, Mr. LOFGREN, and Mr. TORRES. NETHERCUTT, Mr. MCDERMOTT, Mr. sulted from the adoption of targeted business H.R. 284: Mr. NADLER, Mr. MORAN of Vir- NEY, Mr. ANDREWS, Mr. MEEHAN, Mr. incentive programs; to the Committee on ginia, and Mr. DELLUMS. BROWN of Ohio, Mr. LOBIONDO, and Government Reform and Oversight. H.R. 285: Mr. UNDERWOOD and Mr. PARKER. Mr. MCHALE): 15. Also, memorial of the Senate of the H.R. 286: Mr. PARKER. H. Con. Res. 15. Concurrent resolution ex- State of Illinois, relative to Senate Resolu- H.R. 287: Mr. UNDERWOOD and Mr. PARKER. pressing the sense of the Congress relating to tion No. 252 concerning a crude oil transpor- H.R. 289: Ms. PELOSI, Ms. NORTON, and Mr. the abduction and detainment of Donald tation pipeline through the west suburban FOGLIETTA. Hutchings of the State of Washington and Chicago region; to the Committee on Trans- H.R. 292: Mr. INGLIS of South Carolina and four Western Europeans in Jammu and Kash- portation and Infrastructure. Mr. TIAHRT. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — HOUSE H349

H.R. 311: Mr. SHADEGG. H.R. 446: Mr. GALLEGLY, Mr. LATOURETTE, Mr. SMITH of Texas, Mr. PAUL, Mr. GON- H.R. 312: Mr. LARGENT, Mr. METCALF, Mrs. and Mrs. MYRICK. ZALEZ, Mr. TURNER, Mr. HALL of Texas, Mr. EMERSON, Mr. ROYCE, Mr. WATTS of Okla- H.R. 450: Mrs. KELLY, Mr. EHRLICH, Mr. EDWARDS, Mr. STENHOLM, Mr. GREEN, Mr. homa, Mr. MCKEON, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, STARK, Mr. DUNCAN, Mr. BISHOP, Mr. BENTSEN, Mr. FROST, Ms. EDDIE BERNICE Mr. NORWOOD, Mr. SMITH of New Jersey, and MCDERMOTT, and Ms. DUNN of Washington. JOHNSON of Texas, Ms. JACKSON-LEE, Mr. Mr. TIAHRT. H.R. 466: Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts, Mr. HINOJOSA, Mr. REYES, Mr. LAMPSON, and Mr. H.R. 331: Mr. DIAZ-BALART. GREEN, Mr. FLAKE, Mr. METCALF, Mr. CON- SANDLIN. H.R. 350: Mr. NEY, Mr. EVANS, Mr. WAMP, YERS, Mr. DAVIS of Illinois, Mr. RUSH, Ms. H.R. 543: Mr. KING of New York, Mr. Mr. TAYLOR of North Carolina, Mr. BEREU- RIVERS, Mr. MANTON, Ms. NORTON, Mr. CANADY of Florida, and Mr. LIPINSKI. TER, Ms. LOFGREN, Mr. DOYLE, Mr. DUNCAN, FATTAH, Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts, Mr. H.J. Res. 1: Mr. CANADY of Florida, Mr. and Mr. MILLER of California. HEFNER, Mr. MASCARA, Mr. TOWNS, Mr. LUCAS of Oklahoma, Mr. MANZULLO, Mr. H.R. 371: Mr. SOLOMON, Ms. LOFGREN, and BONIOR, Mr. CARDIN, Mr. DOYLE, and Mr. GIL- PARKER, and Mr. WICKER. Mr. SABO. MAN. H.R. 383: Ms. PELOSI and Mr. SMITH of New H.R. 475: Mr. WHITFIELD and Mr. H.J. Res. 2: Mr. CANADY of Florida. Jersey. SCARBOROUGH. H.J. Res. 8: Mr. STARK, Mr. BENTSEN, and H.R. 386: Mr. BORSKI and Mr. SCOTT. H.R. 484: Mr. HASTINGS of Washington, Ms. Mr. GREEN. H.R. 399: Mr. SMITH of New Jersey and Ms. GRANGER, Mr. BURR of North Carolina, Mr. H.J. Res. 19: Mr. SHAYS. FURSE. BOEHNER, Mr. TALENT, and Mr. HAYWORTH. H.J. Res. 27: Mrs. MYRICK and Mr. LEWIS of H.R. 408: Mr. MCHUGH, Mr. GREEN, Mr. H.R. 491: Mr. MCHUGH and Mr. Kentucky. BACHUS, Mr. TORRES, Ms. JACKSON-LEE, and SCARBOROUGH. Mr. ROGAN. H.R. 499: Mr. ARMEY, Mr. DELAY, Mr. AR- H. Con. Res. 10: Mr. TOWNS, Mr. ROYCE, Mr. H.R. 415: Mr. LIPINSKI. CHER, Mr. SAM JOHNSON, Ms. GRANGER, Mr. BURTON of Indiana, and Mr. LIPINSKI. H.R. 423: Mr. PITTS and Mr. FATTAH. BARTON of Texas, Mr. BRADY, Mr. H. Res. 28: Mrs. MYRICK, Mr. GRAHAM, Mr. H.R. 424: Mr. HORN. THORNBERRY, Mr. COMBEST, Mr. SESSIONS, PITTS, and Mr. LIPINSKI. E PL UR UM IB N U U S Congressional Record United States th of America PROCEEDINGS AND DEBATES OF THE 105 CONGRESS, FIRST SESSION

Vol. 143 WASHINGTON, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 5, 1997 No. 13 Senate The Senate met at 11 a.m., and was RECOGNITION OF THE ACTING am honored to be standing where once called to order by the Honorable SUSAN MAJORITY LEADER stood Senator Margaret Chase Smith, M. COLLINS, a Senator from the State The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem- who was such an inspiration to me as a of Maine. pore. The acting majority leader is rec- young girl growing up in Caribou, ME. ognized. In all of history, only 26 women have PRAYER Mr. NICKLES. Madam President, I served in the Senate, only 15 of us The Chaplain, Dr. Lloyd John thank you. elected in our own right. I am espe- Ogilvie, offered the following prayer: SCHEDULE cially proud that my home State is the Spirit of the living God, we confess Mr. NICKLES. Today, the Senate will first to send two Republican women to the banked fires of faith in the hearths begin a period of morning business serve in the Senate at the same time. of our hearts. White ash often covers until 3 p.m. this afternoon. At 3 p.m., And I am very pleased to be sharing the burned-down embers. The danger of the Senate will begin consideration of that honor with my colleague, Senator burnout is always present when we be- Senate Joint Resolution 1, the con- OLYMPIA SNOWE. stitutional amendment requiring a bal- come so busy that there is little time During my youth, the people of anced budget. By unanimous consent, to be refueled by Your love and power, Maine were fortunate to have an in- during today’s session no amendments Your wisdom and strength. You never spiring example of a woman who stood meant for us to make it on our own. will be in order to Senate Joint Resolu- tall for her principles and for her Our responsibilities are too great to tion 1. Senators, hopefully, will make State. As a Senator from 1949 to 1972, face without a constant replenishment their opening statements throughout Margaret Chase Smith taught us that of Your inspiration. Bellow the flick- the day, and I encourage all Members women could reach the highest levels ering embers of our hearts until they to make remarks today so that on of government and that hard work, are white hot again with the fire of pa- Thursday we will be prepared to make common sense, and integrity are re- triotism, vision and hope, conviction progress on this important constitu- warded. and courage. Holy Spirit, we need You. tional amendment. Thank You for setting us ablaze with For the remainder of the week, it is Equally important, Senator Smith Your fire. Amen. still possible the Senate will consider taught us how to govern. She recog- any of the available nominations that nized it is only through civil discourse f have been or will be reported from and a spirit of cooperation that the committee. As always, Senators will be people’s business gets done. And she notified of any rollcall votes as they APPOINTMENT OF THE ACTING showed us all, through her deeds as are scheduled. PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE well as her words, that there is a dif- I might mention that it is antici- ference between the principle of com- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The pated no votes will occur today, but promise and the compromise of prin- clerk will please read a communication that has not been totally decided. So ciple. Compromising one’s principles is to the Senate from the President pro with that, I thank my colleagues and I wrong. Compromising on how to tempore [Mr. THURMOND]. yield the floor. achieve those principles is the essence The assistant legislative clerk read The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. of a healthy democracy. the following letter: BROWNBACK). Under the previous order, U.S. SENATE, the Senator from Maine [Ms. COLLINS], Each of us is called to serve, and the PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, is recognized to speak for up to 30 min- different ways in which we are called Washington, DC, February 5, 1997. utes. form the fabric of this great Nation. To the Senate: Ms. COLLINS. Thank you, Mr. Presi- Some are called to heal and become Under the provisions of rule 1, Sec- dent. doctors and nurses. Others are called to tion 3, of the Standing Rules of the impart wisdom to the next generation f Senate, I hereby appoint the Honorable and become teachers. Others are called SUSAN M. COLLINS, a Senator from the REPRESENTING THE PEOPLE OF to work in the businesses, large and State of Maine, to perform the duties MAINE small, that provide the products and of the Chair. Ms. COLLINS. Mr. President, it is services that enrich our daily lives. STROM THURMOND, with great pride that I rise to address Still others are called to be the entre- President pro tempore. my colleagues for the first time from preneurs who create the jobs that keep Ms. COLLINS thereupon assumed the the floor of the U.S. Senate, the this country at the forefront of the chair as Acting President pro tempore. world’s greatest deliberative body. I world’s economy.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor.

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VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S982 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 With a father, grandfather, great- former mill workers in Millinocket or et amendment to the Constitution. His- grandfather, and great-great-grand- Biddeford, ME, to understand that fear. tory shows that it will take a constitu- father who all served in the Maine Leg- To respond to the concerns of our tional requirement for Congress to em- islature, I heard the call to public serv- citizens, Government policies must brace fiscal responsibility as a perma- ice at an early age. And that call was promote job creation and retention, nent obligation rather than as a pass- not limited to the men in my family, and the starting point is small busi- ing fad. as my mother served as head of the ness. In my State, it is the 30,000 small Fiscal responsibility also means local school board, as mayor of Car- businesses that provide most of the Medicare and Social Security must be ibou, and as the chair of the board of new employment opportunities, and it placed on a sound financial footing. trustees of Maine’s State university is small businesses that will account Only through effective action on these system. With my family background, for two-thirds of the new jobs in the fronts will we be able to keep our no greater honor could be bestowed next decade. promises to our seniors without bank- upon me than to represent the people Even though small businesses provide rupting our children. of Maine in the U.S. Senate. the spark that ignites many of the new A third key to jobs is quality edu- In undertaking my duties as Senator, ideas that benefit us all, Government cation. The fruits of the new age in Mr. President, I come to Washington policies often serve to inhibit rather which we live will be shared by most of not as an enemy of government but as than foster these enterprises. A glaring our citizens only if the doors of oppor- one committed to improving it. We example is the onerous estate tax that tunity are open wide. Contrary to what need a vigorous debate in this country deters families from passing on a suc- some would have you believe, we do not about the role of government, a reas- cessful business from one generation to face a choice between the greed of a sessment of what it can and cannot do. the next. An owner of such a business few and the well-being of the many. There are some problems that only the in Maine once told me that he made Rather, we need policies that will en- Federal Government has the resources the painful decision to sell his family sure that when an entrepreneur drops and the authority to address, but many business to a large out-of-State cor- the stone of innovation into the tech- times the answers are found not in poration rather than leave it to his nological pool, the benefits ripple Washington but in our neighborhoods, children and force them to assume a throughout society. Government can- our communities, our States, and ulti- large debt to pay the Federal estate not and should not assure equality of mately in ourselves. tax. He was forced to abandon what he outcomes. But without equality of op- If there is one change in government and his father before him had spent portunity, the American dream is un- on which we should all be able to agree, their lives building. Making matters fairly denied. it is that we need to start to be more worse, the new corporate owner con- The reality of today’s workplace is forthright with the American people solidated its administrative operations that 85 percent of the new jobs will re- about the difficult challenges facing out of State, costing Maine more than quire some sort of post-secondary edu- us. A well-known Maine business sells 50 good jobs. That is wrong. That is the cation, whether that be a community hunting boots, and if you buy a pair of kind of policy we must change. college, a technical or vocational edu- them you can be confident they will If excessive taxes cause the downfall cation, or a bachelor’s degree and be- withstand the test of time. Take them of some enterprises, others are done in yond. We must do what we can to open apart and you will understand why. by unreasonable regulations. This oc- the doors to a post-secondary edu- They contain no bells or whistles. If curred in Lubec, ME, located in one of cation for anyone who wants it, and to our Federal budget were as honestly the most beautiful but also one of the ensure that cost is not the barrier that constructed as a pair of Maine boots, poorest parts of my State. During my separates those who pursue higher edu- future taxpayers could sleep as well as Senate campaign, I toured the empty cation from those who do not. Increas- Maine woodsmen. shell of the McCurdy Fish Co., a family ingly, we are finding that the growing In assessing the role of government, owned business that had operated in gap between the rich and the poor in we must never forget that the great ad- Lubec for more than 90 years, pro- this Nation is an education gap. vances we have made over the years viding 20 good, much-needed jobs to can ultimately be traced to the energy this area. It was closed down by new A final element in achieving broad- and creativity of our citizens. Indeed, Federal regulations with which it sim- based participation in the new Amer- perhaps the most profound change in ply could not afford to comply. Adding ican-led industrial and technological political thought around the globe dur- insult to injury, just across the border revolution is fair trade. The primary ing the past two decades has been the the company’s Canadian competitor victims of unfair trading practices are recognition that there is usually a cor- continued processing fish in the same workers, particularly those with the relation between less government and manner as had the Lubec company and fewest skills and the least education. more progress. exported its product into the United Let me be clear: I am a strong advocate Government must foster the energy States, free from these expensive regu- of free trade, but we cannot sustain and creativity of our private sector. As lations. majority support for that policy unless Winston Churchill once said, ‘‘Some Mr. President, another essential step we take a strong stand against unfair see private enterprise as a predatory to promoting an economic climate that practices. target to be shot, others as a cow to be creates jobs is balancing the Federal While mine is a message of jobs and milked, but few see it as a sturdy horse budget. It has been estimated that a opportunity, I know that there are pulling the wagon.’’ I do see private en- balanced budget would reduce interest those who, through no fault of their terprise as that sturdy horse, and in rates by more than 1 percent, a strong own, are unable to get by without help that wagon which it is pulling are the stimulus for growth and employment. from their government. Hubert Hum- jobs that are so critical to all of our To ensure long-term prosperity, we phrey once said, ‘‘the moral test of a constituents. must learn to live within our means. government is how * * * [it] * * * Wherever I travel in Maine, the pri- Not since 1969 has this Nation seen a treats those who are in the dawn of mary concern of the people is jobs. In balanced budget. More than 25 years of life, the children; those who are in the the past, they were worried about skyrocketing spending and an unwill- twilight of life, the elderly; and those whether jobs would be there for their ingness to make sacrifices have who are in the shadows of life—the children and their grandchildren. ballooned our debt to more than $5.2 sick, the needy and the handicapped.’’ Today, they are worried about their trillion. We must act now or leave a As we go about the difficult task of own jobs as well—some about getting legacy of crushing debt to the next balancing the budget, of choosing jobs and many more about keeping the generation. At the rate we are going, among many worthwhile programs, we ones that they have. We live in the we may cross that bridge to the 21st must take care not to leave behind midst of an exciting and dynamic tech- century, only to arrive in a land of those who truly need our help. nological revolution, but it is accom- unkept promises and unpaid bills. Those are the principles upon which panied by widespread anxiety about To avoid this fate, one of my top pri- my vision of the future of America is our futures. One need only visit with orities will be to pass a balanced budg- based. And I bring one other principle

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S983 to this body, one which will guide me The assistant legislative clerk pro- for us, as a nation, to compete. And so more than any other as I embark upon ceeded to call the roll. we revisit the issue. this exciting journey, and that is a Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I ask The question is, how do we revisit steadfast commitment to the people of unanimous consent that the order for the issue? Do we learn from our mis- Maine. Whether it is fighting for the quorum call be rescinded. takes of the past, or do we simply go Maine’s fair share of Federal contracts, The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without forward with another new set of initia- urging a business to expand and create objection, it is so ordered. tives which may or may not accom- jobs in our State, or helping a con- Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, what is plish our goals or may not accomplish stituent navigate the bureaucratic the regular order? Are we in morning more than what was accomplished in maze in order to receive veterans’ ben- business? the last efforts. This is what I want to efits, it will be service to the people of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- discuss, because I think the President, my State that will be my highest pri- ate is in morning business, and the for all his energy and his enthusiasm ority as Maine’s newest Senator. Senator is recognized for 5 minutes. and his rightly directed purpose, which Just 1 year ago, I stood in Bangor, f is to improve education, has, to some ME, with my family and my friends at degree, missed the point. my side, and announced my intention EDUCATION There are a lot of issues of education, to seek a seat in the U.S. Senate. I told Mr. GREGG. Mr. President, I rise but there are parts of education which the people of Maine then that I would today to speak a little bit about the work well, and one of the core parts of represent them with dignity and deter- issue of education, which was raised so education that works well is the abil- mination, with energy and enthusiasm. aggressively by the President in his ity to keep the control over education My approach will be simple and State of the Union Address last night. at the local level. The essence of qual- straightforward: I will listen to all I congratulate him, once again, for fo- ity education, the formula for quality points of view, I will engage in con- cusing the country’s attention on this education is not a formula which says structive dialog with my colleagues, I critical concern. It is something that dollars equal better education. It is a will compromise when compromise is we, as a nation, have focused our ener- formula that has variables in it, in- warranted, but, after all is said and gies on ever since we began, and many cluding dollars, including teachers, in- done, I will fight for those changes that could argue that one of the really cluding principals, including school will make the Federal Government bet- unique miracles of American society boards. But that formula doesn’t nec- ter able to serve the people of Maine. has been our educational system. essarily have as a major function in Mr. President, I yield the floor. With each generation, we have asked it—we are talking now about secondary The PRESIDING OFFICER. The act- ourselves, is our system working well, and elementary education—the Federal ing majority leader. is it working right, is it producing indi- Government deciding the purposes, the Mr. NICKLES. Mr. President, I wish viduals who are trained and capable of roles, the curriculums of education. to compliment Senator COLLINS for an participating in the issues which their Rather, the essence of that formula is outstanding maiden speech, her first generation will face? In many in- that the local community, the teach- speech on the Senate floor. I think the stances, the answer has regrettably ers, the parents, the principals, the school boards collaborate to produce speech speaks very well for itself and come back, no, maybe we aren’t or we quality education. for Senator COLLINS. I think it also are not doing quite enough. So the Federal role in education is speaks very well for the State of I, for example, remember that in 1980, narrow, because there could be nothing Maine, in showing excellent taste, we had the report of ‘‘A Nation at more disruptive or, in my opinion, making an excellent decision in elect- Risk,’’ and that report identified as a nothing that would undermine edu- ing Senator COLLINS. I look forward to country, because of our educational cation more fundamentally than to working with her and joining with her failings, we were falling behind, falling move the decision process out of the and with Senator SNOWE and following behind our sister nations in the indus- the tradition of Senator Margaret hands of the parents, out of the hands trial world in the area of educating our Chase Smith, who was one of the pio- of the teachers, out of the hands of the students and their capacity to com- neers in the Senate. principals to Washington. We would pete, especially in areas such as I wish to compliment the Senator end up with a bureaucratic structure science and math. So a major initiative from Maine for an outstanding speech. which would not respond to the needs was undertaken as a result of that. Several of the things which she men- of better education. tioned in her speech we have very high Then when I was Governor of New No, the Federal role is narrow. It Hampshire back in 1988, President Bush on our agenda. Senator COLLINS men- should be focused, focused on places tioned that she wanted to pass a con- had just been elected, and he pro- where it can make an impact, and that stitutional amendment to balance the claimed that he would be the education is what we tried to do or attempted to budget. We are going to be discussing President and gathered, for the first do. Sometimes we tried to go beyond that today, and hopefully we will be time, I believe—maybe it was the sec- that. Basically, that is what we tried voting on that very soon, certainly by ond time in history—all the Governors to do. The Federal role has been, for the end of this month. in one location for the purpose of tak- example, in postsecondary education. Hopefully, we will pass it. I might ing on a one-item agenda. That was in The Federal role is significant, impor- mention, Senator COLLINs’ election Charlottesville, VA, and the issue was tant, and appropriate in assisting stu- may well be the deciding vote in mak- education. dents in being able to move on past ing that happen, because in the last At that time, Governor Clinton from their high school years to higher edu- Congress, we failed by one vote. So, Arkansas was, I believe, the chairman cation, and the President’s initiatives again, every election is important. of the Governors conference and played in this area are something that we I compliment the Senator from a major role in identifying five major want to look at because they could be Maine for an outstanding speech and policies which would be the goals to a valuable addition. reassure her that I share many of her get us to the year 2000 to improve our The Federal role in the secondary objectives. She mentioned reducing the educational system. school level has been really limited and inheritance tax to help small business. One of those policies involved being a focused to a couple of specific areas I couldn’t agree more. leader in the world by the year 2000, I where we felt the Federal Government I compliment her on an outstanding believe it was—it might have been ear- could play a major part—chapter 1, speech and compliment the people of lier—in the area of math and science Head Start, and special needs students. Maine for sending two outstanding education. But now the President comes forward Senators to serve and join us in the Now we have President Clinton com- and lays out a whole brand new set of U.S. Senate. ing forward and saying, again, and ac- initiatives, new spending programs, $43 Mr. President, I yield the floor and curately so, that our educational sys- billion in new programmatic activity, suggest the absence of a quorum. tem is not accomplishing what we need not pursuing programs that are on the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The as a nation. It is not educating our books, but setting off on brandnew pro- clerk will call the roll. children to the level that is necessary grams, and you have to ask yourself:

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00003 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S984 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 First, how many of those programs are getting $10,000, $20,000, $30,000 spent on Why does this all relate to the Presi- appropriate to the Federal Government their education annually when my son dent’s speech? It relates to the Presi- and, second, and even more important, or daughter is only having $3,000 or dent’s speech for this one very obvious is that the best use of those dollars, be- $4,000 or $5,000 spent on him or her?’’ reason. The President has proposed $43 cause there is something that is miss- ‘‘It’s just not fair,’’ they are saying. billion in new spending on education. ing here. So you have this conflict. And it is We have not yet seen his budget to At the local school level, the Federal not right. There is no reason why that know where he is going to get this Government has said you must educate special-needs student should be sepa- money. We do not know what accounts the special needs child under Public rated out and find that they are looked he is going to take the $43 billion from. Law 94–142. This was an excellent deci- upon in a jaundiced way by the com- We have heard him say he is going to sion, that we require that the special munity, by the other parents, and par- do this in the context of reaching a bal- needs child would be able to be edu- ents conflicting with parents, the anced budget by the year 2002, which is cated in the least restrictive, most school board conflicting with parents. our goal and our purpose. mainstreamed environment, and it has The only reason it is occurring is be- Taking that at face value, that he is worked well. But when we passed that cause the Federal Government has going to have legitimate accounting law, the Federal Government also said failed to live up to its obligations on mechanisms and have made hard deci- that we were going to be a partner in this special education. We said we sions for the purposes of generating that education; that we, the Federal would pay 40 percent of the cost of spe- these dollars, it means that a large Government, because we were insisting cial education, and instead we are pay- amount of new dollars is being reallo- that the local government undertake ing 6 percent. That has created this cated from some other accounts into this role in the elementary and sec- conflict at the local level, which has the education accounts. ondary schools, that we, the Federal placed the special needs student in a The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Government, would pay for 40 percent really unfair and inappropriate posi- ator’s time has expired. of the cost of special education in this tion. Mr. GREGG. I ask unanimous con- country. Today, the Federal Govern- You have to ask yourself, why do we sent for an additional 3 minutes, Mr. ment doesn’t pay for 40 percent of the do this? Why does the Federal Govern- President. cost of special education, it pays for ment do this? Well, it is called an un- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without approximately 6 percent, and the im- funded mandate. objection, it is so ordered. pact on the local school systems of the The first act of the Republican Con- Mr. GREGG. That means the Presi- Federal Government not stepping for- gress 2 years ago was to pass a bill, dent is saying, let us spend another $43 ward and doing what it said it would do which I helped author but which was billion in education, new dollars on to assist in educating special needs stu- really energized and driven by the Sen- new programs. Well, how can he say dents has been dramatic. ator from Idaho, Senator KEMPTHORNE, that when we are not paying what we We have seen a shift in resources at which said we will not pass unfunded have already got on the books? That is the local level which has been arbi- mandates any longer. Unfortunately, the point. trarily created because of the Federal this one is already on the books. It is How can we go out and put on the Government’s failure to live up to its the largest unfunded mandate in the books new programs for building con- responsibility. education arena; maybe outside of a struction, which clearly is not a Fed- In the local schools in my State, for couple of environmental unfunded eral role to begin with, new programs example, the local property taxpayer mandates, the largest unfunded man- for a variety of different initiatives in bears the burden of education pri- date in the country. It has had this education which may be only margin- marily, and this is true throughout really perverse effect, both of the tax ally in the role of the Federal Govern- New England to a large degree, and burden on the local communities and ment, brand new programs, when we many other States, I am sure. What the States, but, more importantly, the are not paying the cost of special edu- happens is that because the Federal relationship between the students in a cation, when we are pitting the special- Government is unwilling to pay the 40 school system. And it is not right. education students and their parents percent it said it would pay for a spe- What we have said is we are going to against the average students and par- cial needs student, the local property correct this. We said it in the unfunded ents in a school system, when we have taxpayer has to pick up that 40 per- mandate language that we passed. created this horrendous situation in cent, or the difference between what More recently we made a commitment, the local communities where the local the Federal Government is paying and as a Republican Senate anyway, to try school dollars are being drained off to what it said it would pay, which is to redress this. As we closed out the pay for a Federal obligation because about 34 percent. last budget year, we passed the omni- the Federal Government is not willing That has meant that resources which bus appropriations bill. In that appro- to step up to the bar and make its pay- might have been used for the average priations bill, at my suggestion, but ment? student, maybe to have an extra art with Senator LOTT’s leadership, we put It is wrong. What we have done is class or an extra language class or an in $780 million more into special edu- wrong. Yet now we have the President extra math class, or might have been cation over what had originally been suggesting a whole new group of ex- used for the athletic program or for the planned. It does not get us up to 40 per- penditures in education. cultural programs in the school system cent. Maybe it got us up to 7 percent I suggest, before we step down this or might have simply been left with from 6 percent or 8 percent from 6 per- road of new education initiatives, be- the local property taxpayers so that cent, but it was a downpayment. For fore we start building schools for they could meet their mortgage pay- example, in New Hampshire an extra school districts—something that is ments more easily or their car pay- $3.5 million coming to special needs clearly not a Federal role—that we pay ments more easily, that money is going kids toward the Federal obligation. So for what is a Federal role, and that we to educate the special-needs student. we showed we were serious, as a Repub- relieve this problem, and that we take What we have created is a conflict, lican Congress. out from over the head of the special- an inappropriate, unfair conflict, espe- Then to confirm and dot the ‘‘i’’ and needs students the cloud that the Fed- cially to the special-needs student, be- cross the ‘‘t’’ and put the exclamation eral Government has failed to pay its cause what has happened is that in point in, we have introduced Senate fair share. many communities where you have bill 1. Senate bill 1 says that we, as a So I am just putting the Senate on children who need special assistance, Republican Senate, commit ourselves record that I am going to work with that special assistance is extremely ex- to getting to full funding of the special the Senate leadership and other Sen- pensive, and the parents of the stu- education accounts in a 7-year period ators who I know feel this way—and dents who are not special-needs stu- on a ramped-up basis, which means there are a lot of us here who feel this dents look at the parents of the stu- that this year we need to add addi- way because S. 1 is a consensus bill dents who are special-needs students tional moneys in the special education amongst Republican Senators—to and say, ‘‘Why is your son or daughter accounts. make sure that, before we begin any

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00004 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S985 new education initiatives, we fund the Mr. HUTCHINSON. I thank the Sen- larger than anticipated loan payments one we have on the books, we fund the ator. Mr. President, I rise today to at an entry-level salary. For those per- special-needs program, and we fund it voice my support for the balanced sons trying to afford a new car, the na- appropriately. budget amendment to the U.S. Con- tional debt means the price of that car So every amendment, every proposal stitution, Senate Joint Resolution 1. I will go up another $1,000. that comes to this floor for a new edu- speak not only for myself, but I think At the conclusion of 1 hour of debate, cation initiative will have with it, I as- I speak for thousands and thousands of the 60 minutes that Senator THOMAS sure you, an amendment which will Arkansas voters and their families who has reserved, 1 hour of debate on this say, special ed is our first obligation, sent me to Washington with a primary resolution, our country will owe rough- the special-needs child is our first obli- goal of balancing the Federal budget ly $29 million more than it did when we gation. Let us look to that before we and getting our books in order. started the debate. start a new program. Let us fulfill our Arkansans, like most Americans, are Last night, the President advocated obligations, before we start a new pro- hard-working, decent people with jobs that we change the Constitution to gram, to the special-needs students and and families facing constant pressure protect victims rights, but he rejected to the local taxpayer. to make ends meet. Gathered around and condemned the notion that we Mr. President, thank you for your the kitchen table, these families, like should amend the Constitution to en- courtesy and for the extra time. I yield so many others, pay their bills, at- sure that our Government lives within back my time. tempt to budget for future expenses, its means. As if we were rewriting the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Thank and say no to the things they cannot Constitution to ensure a balanced you. afford. They act responsibly. Also, they budget, saying that is not a require- Under the previous order, the Sen- act with the fear that a prolonged ill- ment, we should not do that. We have ator from Wyoming, [Mr. THOMAS] or ness or unexpected job loss could push the authority; all we have to have is his designee, is recognized to speak for them over the edge, robbing them of fi- the discipline. I will sign it; you pass up to 60 minutes. nancial security and destroying every- it. And yet in the same speech advo- Mr. THOMAS. Thank you, Mr. Presi- thing that they have worked for and cating that we change the Constitution dent. Let me assure you that I do not saved. America’s families have been to protect victims rights. intend to talk for 60 minutes. However, forced to live within these limits. My There are those who have said that a we do intend to use some time as a spe- question to the U.S. Senate is, can we balanced budget amendment would cial order today and will be doing this ask any less of the Federal Govern- wreck the economy. Well, business over a period of time to talk about ment? probably more than any other part of issues that are important, I think, to My colleagues, we carry a heavy bur- our economy has felt the effects of our the American people and that are im- den. That burden is both the annual huge national debt. Government has si- portant to this Congress, the issues deficit that we caused and the debt phoned billions of dollars in invest- that we now begin to deal with. that we have created. As of February 3 ment capital, which, in turn, restricts f of this year, our national debt stood at our economy from reaching a higher over $5 trillion. Whenever I hear these growth potential. Deficits make busi- THE BUDGET numbers I have to ask myself, what nesses compete with Government for Mr. THOMAS. We are going to talk does that number mean, what does it money, causing interest rates to be about the budget—not a new idea, but, mean to me, or better yet, how can we higher than they should be. With inter- I suspect, the most important issue visualize numbers of this magnitude? est rates higher than necessary and that we have to talk about, because ev- Author David Schwartz has written a private capital formation being stifled, erything else, everything else that is book entitled ‘‘How Much Is a Mil- it is quite possible to foresee lower liv- discussed here, everything else that is lion?’’ It is a book to help parents ex- ing standards in the future, even in decided here will be a function of doing plain large numbers to their children. this time of slow growth we have expe- something with the budget. Maybe it will help us as well. One of his rienced. The Senator from New Hampshire, examples says, ‘‘If a billion kids were National growth rates of 2 to 3 per- who just finished, talked about edu- to stand on each other to make a cent simply are inadequate for Amer- cation and special education, which human tower, they would stand up past ica. Balancing the budget can mean an happens to be something that I am the moon. * * * If you stood a trillion additional $88.2 billion of capital in- very interested in, but it is budgetary; kids on top of each other, they would vestment in the first 7 years that we it has to do with the budget. pass beyond Mars and Jupiter * * * and have a balanced budget. The less The budget has to do with more than almost as far as Saturn’s rings.’’ In an- money being taken by Government, the just arithmetic, more than just a bal- other case he says, ‘‘If you wanted to more money that is available for eco- ance sheet; it has to do with priorities, count from one to one trillion * * * it nomic development and job growth. it has to do with fiscal responsibility would take you about 200,000 years.’’ Even more important, we have seen for our kids, and our grandkids, it has Let me take a moment to put this evidence that our debt and annual defi- to do with deciding what our direction kind of massive debt into perspective cits have restrained the ability to will be in this country in terms of the for those slightly older: $5 trillion of make a better life for all of us. Federal Government. debt translates into over $19,000 for The Federal Reserve Bank of New So, Mr. President, we want to talk every man, every woman, and every York reported that deficits have kept about that this morning. I will be child in America. That is practically our standard of living down by 5 per- joined by several of my associates in equal to having an additional midsized cent. However, if we decide to make the freshman and sophomore class who car payment without having a vehicle. the choice to balance the budget by the have come together to put a focus on The debt of an average family is more year 2001, the General Accounting Of- events, and particularly a focus to try than $72,000. That could be the equiva- fice has stated it would lead to a 35- to talk about how what we do here lent of owning a second residence with- percent increase in the standard of liv- with regard to the budget in this in- out being able to stay there. For a fam- ing. Just think what that would mean stance has to do with where we live, ily or person who owns a home, it in spending power to middle-class has to do with you and me in terms of amounts to an additional $37,000 on av- Americans. A balanced budget amend- our families, has to do with how we erage tacked on to their mortgage, ment will propel Congress to do what have the resources to send our kids to without raising the value of their legislative remedies, with such words school and pay our bills. There is a di- home. For many young adults who are as ‘‘firewalls,’’ ‘‘spending ceilings,’’ and rect relationship. taking advantage of student loans to ‘‘lock boxes,’’ what all of those statu- So let me yield 10 minutes to my obtain a better education, the national tory techniques have failed to accom- friend, the new Senator from Arkansas, debt can ring up $2,200 in additional plish since 1968. This measure will give Senator HUTCHINSON. costs on that loan. This significantly the impetus to set goals and make pri- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- impacts the paycheck of the recent orities without budget gimmicks which ator from Arkansas is recognized. young college graduate who must make have characterized the process over the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00005 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S986 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 last 30 years. It will make the budget (Disturbance in the visitors’ gal- Constitution of the United States? process look more like what happens leries.) Some might contend that our recent with our families than the current sit- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The gal- success at reducing the deficit proves uation. lery is reminded not to display expres- that a constitutional amendment is un- For most of the history of our coun- sion of approval or disapproval. necessary. Some may say and may tell try, the budget was balanced. Perma- Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I thank us that if it’s not broken, we don’t need nent deficits were viewed as intoler- the Senator from Arkansas. to fix it. able. Permanent deficits were viewed It seems to me that is a very impor- Mr. President, that may seem to as something that was wrong. Chronic tant aspect of this business of bal- make sense on the surface, but that ar- deficits were unacceptable not because ancing the budget. It is not only a me- gument flies in the face of history. It of the constitutional prohibition, but chanical matter, it is not only a fiscal doesn’t make sense when we consider because of a deeply embedded moral be- matter, it is a moral matter, and the fact that it has taken the Congress lief that permanent deficits were sim- whether or not we have the responsi- 27 years to make the limited progress ply wrong, a principle held by politi- bility to balance the budget and pass we are seeing today—27 years. It took cians and the general public alike. on to our kids something that is as 27 years, Mr. President. The last time With the creation of entitlement pro- good as we had. the Federal budget was balanced was in grams in the 1960’s, the proclivity of Certainly the economics of it are 1969. My wife Fran and I were grad- politicians to expand these popular and very important, the economics in uating from Miami University in Ohio expensive entitlement programs have terms of the amount of interest we pay in 1969. gone virtually unchecked. The intoler- and all those things. So of all the arguments against the able increase in spending has had the But it is a moral imperative that we constitutional amendment, the argu- inevitable result of persistent deficits be responsible for what we are doing. If ment that it’s easy enough to balance and an ever expanding national debt. we are going to buy it, we have to pay the budget is certainly one of the James Buchanan, a professor of eco- for it. That is a great concept. I thank weakest. No, Mr. President, our deci- nomics at George Mason who testified the Senator from Arkansas. sion on the balanced budget amend- in 1995 before the Senate Judiciary Let me now yield 10 minutes to the ment has to be based on a much more Committee, said, ‘‘The immorality of Senator from Ohio, Senator DEWINE. fundamental criteria. Indeed, on a mat- The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. the intergenerational transfer that def- ter of conscience. ENZI). The Senator from Ohio is recog- icit financing represents cries out for The question all of us have to ask nized. correction.’’ He is so right. He calls it ourselves is simply this: How impor- Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I thank the ‘‘immorality of the intergenera- tant is a balanced budget? Does it rise my colleague and friend from Wyo- tional transfer of deficit spending.’’ to the level of a constitutional prin- ming. What he calls the ‘‘immorality of inter- ciple? In other words, is it a funda- generation transfer’’ is nothing less I rise today also to support the bal- anced budget amendment to the Con- mental component of what we want to than one generation stealing from an- be as a nation? This is a question we other generation. The fundamental stitution. There is no doubt about the need for a balanced budget. We all all have to answer for ourselves, re- moral code of our Judeo-Christian tra- flecting on our own deepest values, as dition says ‘‘thou shall not steal.’’ agree on the huge benefits that will ac- crue to America if we put our fiscal well as those of the people who sent us That sets the standard. Every time we here to make the decisions. as a Government spend one dollar that house in order. My decision is based on the America we do not have, we are stealing from To begin with, it would stave off a I want my children and my grand- our children. horrible catastrophe. Mr. President, if children to inherit a nation bound by From the establishment of the Re- we do not establish a balanced budget its fundamental law to pay its bills on public, our Founders saw public debt and if we choose instead to continue on time, to avoid pulverizing future gen- not only as immoral but as the prin- our present course, by the year 2012, erations with a towering national debt; cipal threat to the survival of our rep- the whole budget is going to be eaten in simple terms, Mr. President, an resentative democracy. James Madison up by entitlements and by interest on America that says no longer are we said, ‘‘I go on the principle that a pub- the national debt. There will be abso- going to borrow from our children and lic debt is a public curse and in a re- lutely no money in the domestic dis- grandchildren so we can live better publican government, a greater curse cretionary budget for investment in today. than any other.’’ George Washington, the future of our children—no money, in his farewell address, called the accu- zero. No money for Pell grants, no In my view, Mr. President, that is as mulation of debt ‘‘ungenerously throw- money for student loans, no money for close to a bedrock principle as we can ing upon posterity the burden of which National Institutes of Health research, find in political life. I believe it must we ourselves ought to bear.’’ none of the things that really are an be in the Constitution. I believe his- Indeed, the War of Independence was investment in our children, our grand- tory tells us that it has to be in the fought over the principle of taxation children, and our great grandchildren. Constitution. That is why I believe, for without representation. The Founders This alone is good enough reason to my family, for the people of the State also knew that deficit spending would balance the budget—to avoid a social of Ohio and future generations, as well impose exorbitant tax rates on coming and fiscal disaster. as the present generation, we must generations to pay for the debt accu- Mr. President, there will also be a pass the constitutional amendment and mulated by our own conspicuous con- huge positive benefit from a balanced send it out to the States. sumption. budget. According to the latest esti- Thank you, Mr. President. I yield the My colleagues, this is the ultimate mates from the Congressional Budget floor. taxation without representation. When Office, a permanently balanced budget Mr. THOMAS. Mr. President, I thank we immorally steal from our children, could make our country 25 percent the Senator from Ohio. You hear these from our grandchildren, ensuring that richer by the year 2030. That is out- arguments, and almost no one would they are going to face ever increasing standing news. That’s why so many disagree with the notion that we need levels of taxation without the right to Americans are very happy to see the to pay the bills. Few would argue with have any say about it today, Mr. Presi- signals coming out of the budget proc- the idea that it is irresponsible for us dent, the time has come for us to stop ess that we may be getting close to an to leave it for someone else to pay stealing from our children and stop the agreement on a balanced budget. That later. Yet, it has been 1969 since we chronic deficit spending by the adop- would mean a better future for Amer- have had a balanced budget. There is a tion of a balanced budget amendment ica. It’s that simple. We all agree on legitimate argument to be addressed to the Constitution, sending it to the this. that we must be flexible if there is a States for ratification. We must do it But the question we have to ask our- war or a disaster. There has to be some now. selves now is: Do we need to write this movement, as there is in your family. I thank Senator THOMAS for yielding. practice of budget balancing into the But the fact is that we haven’t done it.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00006 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S987 We have not done it. So we need to But we must act now to preserve, tax is felt by everyone who has taken make some difference. You can’t ex- protect, and defend the Constitution by out a loan to pay for school, buy a car, pect to change things if you continue giving it the strength it will need to or purchase a home. Higher interest to follow the same course. That is pre- continue protecting and defending the rates are the taxes levied by a govern- cisely what has gone on here. American people. The balanced budget ment that has not the courage to live So we have an opportunity now, for constitutional amendment will protect responsibly, or even honestly. By bal- the first time in some time, to do what our families, our children—my chil- ancing the budget, we will pay down I think most people believe ought to be dren, Abby, Andy, and Liz—and our fu- the debt and we will free future genera- done. You might ask why are the fresh- ture from the excesses of a government tions from the shackles of Government men and sophomores particularly doing which, for much of this century, has debt. But we will do much more than this this morning, and doing it as a shown its contempt for the integrity of free future generations. focus on issues throughout the year? I our people by equivocations and false A balanced budget will draw down in- think it is because we are the ones who assurances. Deficit spending must stop, terest rates, spurring new investment have most recently gone through the and the budget must be balanced. decisions, and increasing our gross do- elections, who have most recently been Right now, as I speak and as we have mestic product. Lower unemployment to Greybull, WY, and small towns in heard several speakers just before me and higher productivity is not the Ohio. We know that people want to bal- speak on the U.S. Senate floor, our empty promise of a campaign season, it ance the budget. We know that the Federal debt is at an astounding $5.3 is the real promise of a constitutional folks where we come from say, ‘‘Look, trillion, which means that every Amer- amendment to balance the budget. we have to be fiscally responsible, and ican—every man, woman, and child—in Yet, the ivory tower has railed our State has a balanced budget this country owes today over $19,000 against the balanced budget constitu- amendment. We have to do that stuff, per person. They can’t just pay that off tional amendment because it would and it works.’’ Furthermore, we want and say, ‘‘I am done with my share of mean the end to unlimited Government some control of the growth in Federal the Federal debt.’’ It keeps growing deficit spending. The effects of a bal- Government. We don’t want it to grow and growing. This is wrong. It is im- anced budget promise a brighter future exponentially. We want it to be under moral and must stop. not only for our children and grand- control. Everyone in this place says, Opponents of the balanced budget children but for ourselves as well. By ‘‘Yes, I am for a balanced budget, but I amendment will try, and have tried, to eliminating the hidden tax on our don’t want to do anything that would frame this debate in terms of fear. The American families, a family could eas- cause us to have to do that. I don’t Keynesian apostles will tell that you ily save over $1,500 per year. A bal- want any discipline applied.’’ I think the economy will collapse in tough anced budget will produce that savings. that is the issue that we are coming times. But the debate over the bal- Estimates by the Joint Economic Com- upon, the issue we will deal with. Do anced budget constitutional amend- mittee indicate that yearly savings on you want a balanced budget? Yes. How ment should not and must not be a de- an $80,000 home mortgage would be do we get there? Just do it. Well, that bate framed in fear and falsehoods. It is over $1,200, and a student fresh out of doesn’t work, and it hasn’t worked for really a debate about hope and about school paying back a college loan some time. the future, and ultimately about the would save about $180 per year because So that’s what it’s all about and American dream. of the resultant lower interest rates. where we are. We are talking about a That is why I believe that good Gov- American families and children are al- process to cause us to do the things ernment is not sustained by the poli- ready taxed too much. They are taxed that almost unanimously we would tics of cynicism and fear. Quite to the to the max. They, more than anyone choose to do. Mr. President, I am glad contrary, it is sustained rather by the else, deserve a break. to be joined by the Senator from Kan- honest desire of each individual to The balanced budget amendment is sas to talk a bit about the balanced work for that which he believes to be right in principle and in practice. In budget. right and just. The balanced budget is fact, it was Jefferson in 1816 who ac- I yield 10 minutes to the Senator both right and just. knowledged, ‘‘Public debt is the great- from Kansas. It is right because it means an end to est of the dangers to be feared.’’ The PRESIDING OFFICER. The the days of reckless Government spend- As I said frequently during my cam- Chair recognizes the senior Senator ing when politicians made pork barrel paign for the U.S. Senate, which was from Kansas. promises that added too little to the just completed and which placed me in Mr. BROWNBACK. Mr. President, I public good and too much to the public this body with the gracious will of the thank my colleague from Wyoming for debt. people of Kansas, I believe that we are recognizing me for this opportunity. The balanced budget amendment is each placed on this Earth for a reason This is my first opportunity to speak, just because it helps our families and and for a short season. I believe that as well, on the U.S. Senate floor. It is protects our children by curbing the the task of our generation is to renew a tremendous honor, privilege, and re- practice of tax and spend. It is just be- the American culture and to restore re- sponsibility to do so. I am delighted to cause it means an end to the hidden sponsible Government and the promise be speaking on the U.S. Senate floor tax that our Government levies every of the American dream to the people. for the first time about balancing the year when it fails to balance its budget We must act now. And in this matter budget and about the balanced budget and pay down its debt. of balancing the budget, we must act amendment to the Constitution, which It is a moral imperative, as some of now and pass the balanced budget I feel is basically very important and my colleagues have spoken to, that we amendment to the Constitution. critical for future generations. Now is balance the budget and that we give I yield the floor. the time for us to act and to address ourselves the tools we need to balance Mr. THOMAS addressed the Chair. not just the financial health of our the budget. How will future genera- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The country, but also the freedom of our tions judge us if we have not the moral Chair recognizes the senior Senator children and grandchildren, by passing wherewithal to abolish the shameful from Wyoming. the balanced budget constitutional practice of enslaving our children to Mr. THOMAS. I thank my friend amendment. the reckless desires of our bloated Fed- from Kansas and welcome him in his The U.S. Constitution is not only the eral Government? The system of bur- initial visit to the floor. I am sure he foundation of our country, but also the dening our children with the full cost will be back many times, and I hope standard bearer of our worth as a prin- of our present consumption is a great that is the case. cipled nation. The Constitution has crime. We must not hesitate to bring it Mr. President, we have now an oppor- guaranteed and defended the freedom to an end. tunity. I am optimistic about it. We all of the American people. The balanced One of the most insidious aspects of heard the President’s State of the budget amendment is necessary to pro- the budget deficit is that it amounts to Union Message last night. He listed a tect and defend that freedom for future a hidden tax on our income and on our great many things that he is interested generations. children’s future income. This hidden in. Certainly most of them are positive

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00007 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S988 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 kinds of things that, in one way or an- Security. If you want to protect Social constitutional amendment to balance other, we want to work with as well. Security, you need to balance the the budget, which the Senate will So we listened to the President. We budget. I am one who believes that we shortly take up. listened to the voters. We listened to ought to have a Social Security net for First the general issues. I do not the American people. And now we are the elderly. I want to continue it. I do think there is a difference between ready to work on some solutions to- not want to see it run out. The same is folks who serve in this body on Govern- ward really all of America. true with Medicare. The best way to do ment or the size of Government. I There is a plan soon for the congres- that is to balance the budget. If we do mean, I don’t think there is a case sional leadership to visit with the not do that, we will not have money to where one side says, ‘‘We want bigger President, to sit down and talk about a do any of those kinds of things. Government.’’ number of things. Balancing the budget So we will hear a lot about it. We I don’t want a bigger Government. I is one. Improving education, certainly, need a budget that is honest. We need want a better country, and there are to move more and more education to- one that is out there not one that is some circumstances under which the ward local communities and parental backloaded, where it looks good for a requirement for schools and roads and involvement; to provide some perma- couple of years and all of a sudden for other things that we do together in nent tax relief so that we can increase somebody else it is piled up at a very Government are necessary. I want us investments, so that we can increase high rate. We need one that is honest to improve the things we do in Govern- jobs, and so that we can increase the and forthright. We do not need gim- ment. But there are things that are im- ability of families to prepare for them- micks. We do not need to move things portant for us to do together in Gov- selves. Much of that is affected by what from one place to another. We do not ernment. we do. What we do about interest rates need to trigger it so that it takes over Part of the agenda that we discuss, that have a direct impact on the budg- in a certain way. We do not need budg- part of the reason for us being in a U.S. et has much to do with what we do ets that have tax relief in it for a little Senate, is to decide what to do to- with this debt, a debt of $5.5 trillion, while and then they go away. We need gether to make this a better country. the interest upon which will become, if some real honest budgeting so that ev- Provide for the common defense? not this year, soon, the largest single eryone is confident in understanding Yes, we do that. We have a Defense De- line-item in the budget—$275 billion in that that is where we are. partment. We created it, and we fund interest, none of which is used for edu- I hope each of us remembers the im- it. We ask men and women in uniform cation, none of which is used to fight pact it has on everyone at home. Inter- to go out and help preserve this coun- drugs, and none of which is used for in- est rates could be lower. Debt for kids try’s liberty and put their lives on the vestment—interest on the debt that we to go to school could be less. Borrowing line to do so. That is part of Govern- accumulate. on our homes, borrowing on our cars, ment. Mr. President, I am excited that the these are all related. This is not an ab- Roads, schools, research in health President of the United States said to stract thing that belongs in some- care at the National Institutes of us last year that the ‘‘era of big Gov- body’s accounting book. This is not for Health, the Coast Guard, and so much ernment is over.’’ He said that the Gov- accountants and CPAs only. They af- more—we do those things together. We ernment is not the answer to every- fect each of us where we live. Families should do them well. We should make thing, that we need to be responsible, pay $1,500 a year easily on mortgage sure they contribute to a better coun- that we need to be responsible to our- payments. So these are the kinds of try and achieve the goals and objec- selves as individuals and citizens. Cer- things that we are doing. tives that we have for those functions. tainly, that is true. We need to be re- So I think all of my associates wel- Some come to the floor and they say: sponsible as a Government, and we come the President’s commitment to a Our objective is less Government, bal- need to be responsible as people who balanced budget. We certainly look for- ance the budget, two or three other have been sent here to deal with the ward to his ideas and to how that budg- things, and that’s all. My objective is budget—about physical matters. et will work as he releases it tomor- this: I want better schools for our kids So that is what we are dealing with, row. But most of all, I think we need to in this country, and we can do that and two things: One is balancing the budget take the responsibility to make the we should do that. And I want better and being responsible; and then having changes that have to be made, and now paychecks for workers in this country. the ability, which we have not had for is the time. That has always been the legacy of 28 or 29 years, of doing it, and how do Mr. President, I yield the floor and what we fight for, a country in which we change things to cause that to hap- suggest the absence of a quorum. workers might expect that they will pen? We believe that it is the balanced The PRESIDING OFFICER. The have more opportunity, more job secu- budget amendment to the Constitu- clerk will call the roll. rity, more advancement, their children tion, which provides, as it does in Wyo- The legislative clerk proceeded to will have more income and better op- ming, Mr. President—as you well know call the roll. portunity and better educations. just coming from the legislature Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I ask I believe we ought to have good there—a requirement as a legislature unanimous consent that the order for health care in our country, and that and the Governor not to spend beyond the quorum call be rescinded. does not come by accident. At the turn its revenues. It works. Many other The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without of the century you were expected to States have the same kind of thing. objection, it is so ordered. live to be age 48; 100 years later you are So we have heard for some time from Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, I ask expected to live to nearly 78. Is that our voters and our constituents that unanimous consent to proceed in morn- magic? No. Massive research in health they want smaller Government, a Gov- ing business for as much time as I con- care in this country has developed ernment that is more efficient, and a sume. breathtaking new medicine, breath- budget that is balanced. We have heard The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without taking new procedures so that those from the President that he is ready for objection, it is so ordered. with cataracts now get surgery and see, a smaller Government, that the era of f those whose heart muscles get plugged big Government is over. now get open heart surgery and live, We will see his budget, I think, to- THE CONSTITUTIONAL AMEND- those with bad hips get their hips re- morrow, and that will be when the rub- MENT TO BALANCE THE BUDGET placed and are out of the wheelchair ber really hits the road. It is not just Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, we have and walk. Good health care. talking about it, but doing it. We will had ample discussion this morning We don’t see people getting on air- be sharing that responsibility with the about a wide range of public issues, dis- planes, leaving America to find good President to do that. cussion about the President’s State of health care elsewhere. Our health care There will be all kinds of suggestions the Union Address, and a discussion system is the envy of the world. By ac- as to how a balanced budget ought to about the agenda before the Congress. I cident? No. Wonderful men and women be changed. There will be some scare wanted to comment on a bit of that, working in health care, and a substan- tactics saying it is going to ruin Social and then begin a discussion about the tial amount of research, especially

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00008 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S989 Government sponsored research, have that pays well. And that’s why our it, George Washington’s chair still sits allowed these breathtaking break- economy and the market system that in front of the room. Fifty-five of them throughs to occur. we have had has performed so well and wrote a Constitution over 200 years Safe streets? We want safe streets helped us create a country that grows ago. Some here think it is a rough and safe neighbors. That deals with and prospers. draft. Every second day they want to crime. That responds to police and se- As I said, we have lots of challenges, make a change in the Constitution. I, curity, the kinds of things that we also but part of why this has all happened is frankly, don’t see a lot of folks who do in Government. we have made a lot of right choices. We can represent Madisons, Masons, or Restoration of values? Yes, that is of decided that we were going to have a Franklins these days. So if we are interest. Really, not so much Govern- substantial system of universal edu- going to change the Constitution, we ment, but we all ought to care about it cation for virtually anyone who wanted need to think it through. and work together on it. it. What happened? We are going to have a proposition on It starts in the home, the commu- What happened was we led the world the floor of the Senate that says, let us nity, the neighborhood, the family. in virtually every area of technology amend the U.S. Constitution to require And a balanced budget? Absolutely. We and achievement. Who stood people on a balanced budget. And it says that for ought not spend beyond our means. the Moon? The United States of Amer- describing when a budget is in balance, So better schools, bigger paychecks ica. How did that happen? It happened all spending and all revenue will be for workers, good health care, safe because massive investments in edu- considered to determine whether the streets, a sound defense, restoration of cation unleashed the potential, the budget is in balance. values, balancing the budget—all of technology, the understanding and the The dilemma with that is this: In these things are things that we think knowledge that allowed us first to fly 1983 this country recognized it was can make this a better country and we and then to fly to the Moon. And that going to have a difficult time with So- ought to work on together. has been true in virtually every other cial Security in the long term because It is interesting to me that in the area of our life. Yes, space, technology, America was growing older and there context of the balanced budget, we walking on the Moon, but health care, were going to be more people retiring really also will have to talk about pri- and in virtually every other area as relative to people working to support orities. As we balance the budget—and well. them in Social Security. So we decided we should—what are our priorities? We have made all kinds of decisions that we would do something different What is important and what is not im- about what we do in all of these areas, for a change. We would begin saving in portant? What do we invest in and and some of them have been great deci- the Social Security system. In other what don’t we invest in? sions. Let’s have a Head Start Pro- words, each year taking in more in So- For instance, do we build the star gram. Let’s invest in young kids. Let’s cial Security revenue than we need to wars program? Do we build a program build the best system of colleges in the expend, and that money would then be that will cost well over $100 billion, a world—in the world. No one else comes saved so that when the baby boomers program that many say is not needed? close to us. We have done all these retire after the turn of the century, we Do we build that and then say we do things—including building up our na- could more easily afford to pay them not have enough money to expand the tional defense. There is no other mili- the benefits they will have earned. I was involved in that decision. I was Head Start Program for early interven- tary in any country that parallels ours on the House Ways and Means Com- tion for kids? or matches our strength. mittee, and I cast a vote in support of These questions are examples of the So it is time for us to understand a that legislation. But the decision was choices we must make. We must choose bit about what we have built, that this not to increase payroll taxes and ac- priorities that we want to develop. is a remarkable achievement. crue a body of savings so that someday That is precisely what the Congress Where do we go from here? We can later somebody can misuse it to claim must be about: making choices, some undercut all of those achievements and they balanced the budget with Social of them very hard. weaken this country substantially if Security trust funds. That is not what I want to make one point as I begin we don’t balance our budget. I agree we said. We said, let’s increase savings talking about the constitutional with that. We ought to balance the so that savings will be available after amendment to balance the budget. I Federal budget. I will say this, that I the turn of the century. am not someone who believes that we am one of those in 1993 who cast a very When you describe a balanced budget have made a lot of wrong choices in controversial vote, and the vote cut proposal that says let’s take Social Se- this country. I have heard people stand spending and increased some taxes. It curity trust funds and throw them over on this floor and talk about shame on carried by one single vote, and since here to use the surplus to show we bal- the last 50 years in this country, shame that time, the unified budget deficit is anced the budget, I want to show you on us, this country somehow has gone down 60 percent. what happens. What happens is the down the wrong road. What an awful I am pleased I did it. Was it an easy very year in which the budget is bal- place, we hear. vote? No. The political vote would have anced, according to the majority that I tell you, this country remains the been to say, ‘‘No, I don’t want to do is supporting this constitutional beacon of hope for the rest of the any heavy hitting.’’ I did it because it amendment, the very year in which world. I traveled in six countries in No- was the right thing for this country. they claim the budget of the United vember, and one of the refrains I heard Controversial, yes, but right. We made States is in balance, Federal debt will everywhere I went was they would like some progress in reducing the Federal rise in that year by nearly $130 billion. to come to America. They like Amer- budget deficit, but it is not enough, Question: If the Federal debt is in- ica. America is opportunity. America is and we must do more to balance the creasing by $130 billion in a year, is the freedom. America is still a beacon of budget. The debate will be about budget in balance? If the budget is in hope. changing the Constitution to balance balance, why would one have to in- We can dwell on the negative, and we the budget. crease the Federal debt? have plenty of challenges and there are Let me say that I am someone who Answer: Because the budget isn’t in negatives, but look at the positives as will support a constitutional amend- balance. They pretend it is in balance, well. This country is a remarkable ment to balance the budget. Do I think they say it is in balance, but they use country, with a remarkable economy it is a great choice? No, not nec- the Social Security dedicated trust and a market system that provides essarily, but do I think it probably is a funds to make it look like it is in bal- great jobs and great opportunity for a reasonable choice, given the need for ance, but it is not. The Federal debt lot of people. fiscal policy discipline in our country? will continue to increase. I agree with those who say there is Yes. But I insist that it be done the The Center on Budget and Policy Pri- no social program in this country— right way, not the wrong way. orities has put out a report that I hope none—that is as important as a good I have been in the room where they my colleagues will read. In it they de- job that pays well. There is no social wrote the Constitution of the United scribe exactly this dilemma. The con- program as important as a good job States, and for those who want to visit stitutional amendment that is going to

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S990 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 be debated, and I will address this mat- for Social Security benefits and to pay for collect a paycheck and discover that ter again during that debate, is an the cost of administration, I believe that part of that paycheck is taken away amendment that offers no choice. It separation is also better accounting practice. first. The part taken away is called So- says we will take the Social Security The point is, the increase in taxes cial Security taxes, and it is promised trust funds and use them as an offset and the other things that were nec- by the Government to the worker that for other revenue and claim we bal- essary to accrue this surplus in Social the amount of money we took from anced the budget, when we really have Security will all be obliterated by a de- your paycheck is going to be put in a not. cision to enshrine in the Constitution a fund, and it is a fund dedicated for one We will give our Senate colleagues an practice of misusing the Social Secu- purpose, Social Security. That worker opportunity to vote on another con- rity trust funds. does not deserve to have someone in stitutional amendment to balance the Mr. Krauthammer does not like this Congress now say, ‘‘Oh, but we changed budget. It is one that does it the right problem. He says, well, this debate is our mind. That’s the premise under way. It says let us balance the budget. without substance. I can only say that which we took it from you, but we’re Let us require in the Constitution that his argument is without substance. He using it for another purpose.’’ That is we balance the budget. But let us do it is flat, dead wrong on this issue, de- precisely what is happening today. I exclusive of the Social Security trust monstrably wrong. And he ought to think we ought to stop it. There is a funds because we promised that we know it. The minimum amount of re- way to stop it when we have these would save those trust funds for the fu- search would tell him that. votes in the coming days or weeks. ture when they are needed. The same is true of colleagues here We can amend the Constitution the This publication by the Center on who have taken three lines of defense right way, or we can, as is usually the Budget and Policy Priorities describes offered at different times by different wont around here, mess around some chapter and verse of exactly what is people. more, talk and talk some more, and happening in this area. I have heard One will pop up like one of these lit- claim and claim some more that we people come to the floor and say, ‘‘Oh, tle carnival games and will say, ‘‘Well, have really done something worthy and what a bunch of prattle that is. What a first of all, there is no Social Security meritorious and have balanced the bunch of nonsense, these folks worried trust fund,’’ and make a long, windy budget, and then have some con- about Social Security.’’ Well, it is not argument about it, and then sit down. stituent stand up in a town meeting prattle, and it is not nonsense. Then someone else will pop up at an- some night, somewhere, and ask you, We had a column by Mr. other moment and say, ‘‘All right, ‘‘Mr. Senator, if you balanced the Krauthammer in the Washington Post there is a Social Security trust fund, budget, why did my son or daughter last week. It is the third column he has but we are not misusing the money,’’ just inherit a Federal debt that went written on this subject. In it he says and then vanish. up $130 billion this year?’’ I want to be essentially what he has said before. He Then a day later someone else will in the room with a microphone to says, there is no Social Security trust pop up and say, ‘‘All right, there is a record the response because there is fund. There is no Social Security trust Social Security trust fund, and we are not a response that is adequate. fund. misusing the money, and we pledge to What our constituents should expect Let me suggest a tour to him in Par- stop doing it by the year 2008.’’ from us is that we balance the budget kersburg, WV, where, under armed Those are the three stages of denial I the right way and that we amend the guard, the bonds that are the securities have heard on the floor of the Senate, Constitution the right way. I hope at of the Social Security trust fund exist. all from supporters of a constitutional the end of this debate this Senate and It would not be too long a drive for him amendment that would enshrine in the this Congress will have determined to to go on up there and take a look at Constitution the practice of taking So- do that. those bonds. cial Security trust funds, using them It is not just a few Democrats who He is wrong. There is a Social Secu- as an offset against other revenue, and believe this is a serious problem. Sev- rity trust fund. The dilemma is that claiming you have balanced the budget eral dozen Republicans over in the there will not be anything there of at the same time that the Federal debt House of Representatives, some of meaning unless we decide to make the will increase by $130 billion the year whom I have talked to, make exactly right choice here. they claim the budget is in balance. the same case in the House of Rep- Mr. Krauthammer also says that So- There is a way to solve this. A way to resentatives. So it is not a one-sided cial Security is a pay-as-you-go sys- solve it is to vote for a constitutional issue. We have Republicans and Demo- tem. He must have missed 1983, because amendment to balance the budget that crats who believe that there is a right in 1983 it was decided that it will be does not use or misuse the Social Secu- way and a wrong way to do things. more than a pay-as-you-go system. It rity trust funds. I will offer it, along Some of us are going to insist that was decided in 1983 that we would col- with my colleagues, Senator REID, Sen- when we do something as significant as lect more money than is necessary in ator HOLLINGS, Senator FORD, Senator amending the U.S. Constitution that fi- current years, specifically in order to FEINSTEIN, and others, and we will give nally we do it the right way. accrue a surplus. Social Security is people an opportunity to say, ‘‘Yes, I Mr. President, I yield the floor and more than a pay-as-you-go system. So, support a constitutional amendment to suggest the absence of a quorum. when Mr. Krauthammer says it is pay- balance the budget, but when we do it, The PRESIDING OFFICER. The as-you-go, he clearly does not under- let us make sure we really balance the clerk will call the roll. stand the law and clearly does not un- budget.’’ The bill clerk proceeded to call the derstand what the Congress did to save Let us make sure we keep the prom- roll. some money. ise of accruing the surpluses in the So- Mr. REID. Mr. President, I ask unan- Let me read for him and for others cial Security trust fund and make sure imous consent that the order for the something from the 1983 commission on that no one is able to misuse the Social quorum call be rescinded. Social Security because they described Security trust fund in the future. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. exactly the plan. This is a quote by Mr. President, there will be much THOMAS). Without objection, it is so or- commission member Robert Ball in more to discuss on this subject. I want- dered. The Chair recognizes the Sen- testimony before the House Ways and ed to make note of the piece that Mr. ator from Nevada. Means Committee talking about sepa- Krauthammer did because it is the (The remarks of Mr. REID pertaining rating the Social Security system from third time that he has essentially writ- to the introduction of S. 265 are located the operating budget. ten the same piece, misunderstanding in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Statements the issue in this country. on Introduced Bills and Joint Resolu- Only by such a separation can it be made Everybody has a right to be wrong. I unmistakably clear that Social Security de- tions.’’) cisions are being made for reasons internal do not quarrel with that. Mr. REID. Mr. President, I suggest to [Social Security] and not for the purpose I just say that someone got up this the absence of a quorum. of making a unified budget look better. morning and went to work. That per- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Since Social Security funds can be used only son will work hard all day, and then clerk will call the roll.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S991 The bill clerk proceeded to call the For this reason, we need to give par- they got the recognition that they de- roll. ents clear indications of which schools served. He got the recognition that he Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I ask are doing the best job in educating stu- deserved. They were very proud of their unanimous consent that the order for dents. Currently, we have a hodgepodge achievement. the quorum call be rescinded. of different tests, a hodgepodge of dif- I have believed for a very long time The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ferent standards around the country. that one reason our school system falls objection, it is so ordered. Parents who are interested in finding short is that we expect too little of our f out how their children are doing often students. We have low expectations for EDUCATION are misled by inaccurate information. what our students can learn, what our So I very much commend the President children can learn. The truth is, if you Mr. BINGAMAN. Mr. President, I for this initiative to adapt these two want to spend a few minutes com- expect very little, you will receive very well-recognized tests into something little. We need to expect higher per- menting on some of the points the which each student can take, each par- President made last night in his State formance by our students, higher per- ent can understand, each school can formance levels by our teachers, and of the Union Address. I was particu- understand. I think that will be a larly impressed and encouraged about through this advanced placement set of major step forward. courses we do exactly that. his decision to make education the Let me also talk about another as- centerpiece of that speech and his deci- pect of the standards issue, which the New Mexico lags behind the national sion to make education the first pri- President, I hope, will also move ahead average fairly significantly in the per ority of his administration this next 4 on very aggressively, and that is the capita rate of 11th and 12th graders years. teaching of advanced placement who take advance placement courses. One aspect of what he talked about courses. Many of us are familiar with In my State I think the percentage is in education, I think, is extremely im- advanced placement courses because of something like 24 percent. Nationally portant, and that is standard setting. our own children going through high it is 40 percent. We need to do better We have had debates in Congress for school. These are courses that are than that. We can do better than that. many years now about the issue of taught in the 11th and 12th grades, gen- We are setting about working with the standards. In fact, I introduced legisla- erally to students who are planning to business community and our State leg- tion in 1990 to establish national stand- go on to college and who want to get islature to bring together the resources ards in education, and, of course, we advanced credit so they can avoid tak- to expand the training of advanced are continuing to pursue that through ing the same course once they get placement teachers and to expand the National Education Goals Panel, there. course work in advanced placement which I serve on along with Senator We have not done what we should at courses. JEFFORDS. the national level to encourage States I think one other point needs to be I am persuaded that part of what the and school districts to expand instruc- made. It should be obvious to every- American people would like to see in tion in advanced placement courses. I body. You are not going to bring about their educational system is higher believe this year, for the first time, we a major reform of education, a major standards and more accountability. will see a change in that. I hope to see improvement and upgrading of edu- They want to be sure that teachers are the President, in the budget we receive cation, without a very major program performing to a high standard, stu- tomorrow, requesting some funds to as- to reeducate and develop the human dents are performing to a high stand- sist low-income students in the cost of capacity to do that. We need to have ard, and the parents of children in our taking those advanced placement training courses for our teachers in the public schools want to know where courses and tests. That, I believe, summer. These advanced placement their children stand relative to other would be another major step forward. courses are very good. But, unfortu- students around the country, around I had the chance to speak to the New nately, too few teachers are able to their State, and in general. Mexico Legislature on Monday of this take advantage of them, or do take ad- The President in particular talked week, and I talked to them about the vantage of them. about how he was going to work challenge that my State faces in ex- So we need to think seriously in this through the Department of Education panding access to advanced placement Congress about what we can do to sup- to adapt two widely used high-quality classes. These courses should be avail- port the retraining that is needed to tests—the fourth grade NAEP reading able to all students. They are highly get people to these higher standards test, the National Assessment of Edu- demanding, but any willing student that the President is talking about. cational Progress, which is already can succeed in them. being used in more than 40 States, and Many people know about the ad- This is an essential part of the agenda the now-familiar eighth grade math vanced placement program because of a that we need to confront over the next test, the TIMSS test, which recently movie that came out several years ago couple of years. confirmed how poorly many of our stu- called ‘‘Stand and Deliver.’’ This was a I commend again the President for dents are doing relative to the achieve- movie that Edward James Olmos his leadership in putting this on the ment level of other nations. starred in. It was the story of Jaime front burner for the country. I hope we, The President proposed adapting Escalante, a high school calculus in Congress, are up to the task of fol- those two tests into a new test that teacher, I believe in Garfield High lowing his lead. I think he has identi- will be available free of charge to every School in east Los Angeles. He had be- fied a very important priority for our student, every school district, and come very famous in that school and in country. It is the one that I hear the every State in the Nation that wishes that school district because of his suc- most about. to participate in it. This is going to be cess in teaching students, many of I get around New Mexico a lot, and done in the next 2 years. them students without a good aca- people want to know why we can’t do a I think this will be a major step for- demic grounding. He would teach those better job of educating kids in this ward, because what it will do is to students this advanced placement country. I hope that we can. allow us to give very hard, objective in- course in calculus. Mr. DORGAN. Mr. President, will the formation about which of our schools The reason he became famous and Senator yield? are succeeding and which of our the reason that movie was made was schools are failing. We have the anom- not because he was teaching any old Mr. BINGAMAN. Yes. I am glad to alous situation that, because of our in- calculus course. He was teaching a yield. ability to track performance, we have course that was an advance placement Mr. DORGAN. I was interested in the in many school districts and major cit- course so that anybody in the country Senator’s statement. He, I think, iden- ies in the country some schools that who paid attention would know that tifies one of the priorities of many of are doing superbly and other schools was a high-quality course. If his stu- us in this Congress. If we do not make that are doing miserably. Parents, un- dents in east Los Angeles passed that an investment in education of Amer- fortunately, sometimes do not even course, they were every bit as good as ica’s youth then the country does not know which of those two schools their any student in Manhattan, or Ohio, or have much of a future. I am enor- children are in. in New Mexico, or anywhere else. So mously proud of what we have done in

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S992 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 the investment in the Head Start Pro- teachers in our classrooms. Nothing well as leaving it in one 3,000-person gram, for example. This does not start could be more important than that be- high school. in grade school or high school or col- cause we send our kids to someone else Mr. DORGAN. If the Senator will lege. It starts in the early intervention most of the day. We place them in their yield further, Mr. President, I was in a years with Head Start. The Head Start hands. I have been in a school that the school recently called the Ojibwa Program we know works. It produces Senator from New Mexico has. He School on an Indian reservation in enormous dividends. It gradually im- knows some of these teachers. I leave North Dakota. When the Senator from proves the opportunity of young people that school thinking, ‘‘Wow, this is an New Mexico talks about construction, who come from difficult circumstances. incredible person. What a job they do the President last evening talked about But one of the things that it seems to with these young kids.’’ There are our trying to provide help to State and me we should invest in is safe schools. times when perhaps you find something local governments with respect to First of all, if the school is not safe and that you think isn’t quite right. The school construction. I can tell you that the students feel insecure, they cannot President addressed that last night. in the Ojibwa School, and others that I learn. And the other ingredient is a But the key, it seems to me, is have visited, there is a significant need teacher who knows how to teach—a matching the three things: First, a for some construction, some mainte- good teacher, a student willing to teacher who really knows how to nance, and some repair. I worry very learn, and a parent who cares. If any teach; a kid who is willing to learn; much that these little kids on that In- one of those are missing, it does not and a parent who cares about that kid’s dian reservation going to this school work very well. education and is with that kid at the are going to be in significant trouble But let us talk about the safe school end of the day before they go to bed at some day because the repairs have not issue first. The Senator from New Mex- night, reviewing the homework. All of been made. That school is not a safe ico I know heard me describe on the those elements come together to make school. We have report after report and floor a bill which I introduced late last an educational system work. investigation after investigation. Now year on this issue. If I might, with the But the Senator from New Mexico is we have another one going on. But we indulgence of the Senator from New right. We need in this country at the very much need to invest in the infra- Mexico, I would like to describe again State and local level and at the Federal structure of these schools. a circumstance that exists that I am level to decide that the education of The Senator from New Mexico is trying to correct dealing with safe our children is a priority for us because right. We do not run the schools, and schools in New York City. educating our children is an invest- should not. Local school boards should A young boy came into a school with ment in our country’s future. run the local schools, and the States a loaded pistol in his belt and a jacket I really appreciate the statement are involved largely in the State judg- covering his loaded pistol. He went which the Senator from New Mexico ments about what the curriculum is, through the school, walked down the made. and so on. But we can marginally help hallway to his classroom, and a secu- Mr. BINGAMAN. I appreciate, Mr. in a range of other ways and do Head rity guard identified or saw the bulge President, the statement of the Sen- Start and college. We also can help in in the young 16-year-old’s jacket and ator from North Dakota. the kinds of things the President rec- apprehended this young boy and took a Let me just add one other element to ommended in providing some resources loaded pistol from this young fellow. A this. I commend him for his proposal to for school construction in areas where loaded pistol with this young fellow deal with the problem of someone com- you need to have some additional con- walking down the school hallway; the ing into school with a gun and no one struction to repair and bring up to security guard removes it. It goes to being able to apprehend him. I am also standard some of our schools. persuaded that virtually everything we court and goes to a disciplinary pro- Again, I say finally, the question want to see happen better in our ceeding. The result of it all was that around here is always a question of schools will be facilitated if we recog- the court said the exclusionary rule ap- choices: What is your priority? plied to the disciplinary proceeding nize that we need to have smaller Two years ago, I was on this floor and the security guard had no right to classrooms. talking about the strange sense I had search that kid and take the gun away. Much of the crime, discipline, and ab- when I looked at a budget document of- When I read that I thought, ‘‘Can this sentee problems in our schools today fered and actually passed—it was sub- be right? Could anybody use that kind are because the schools are too large sequently vetoed—which said let us of strange thinking to conceive of that and because the teachers do not know double the amount of money we spend kind of decision?’’ the students by their first names. The You go to the airport and get on a students don’t feel accountable to their for star wars and let us cut by half the plane going to New Mexico or North peers. We put 40 kids into a class and amount of money we spend for Star Dakota. They will run you through a wonder why the teacher can’t teach all Schools. Star Schools was not a very metal detector because they say, ‘‘You of them. We put 2,000 or 3,000 kids in a big program, but it was a really inter- can’t get on an airplane with a gun. We high school and wonder why the prin- esting program—directed investment will not allow it.’’ But it is OK to go cipal can’t keep track of everybody. to try to help certain people. I just through a school hallway to a class- There have been some very good thought that was a strange priority. room with a loaded pistol with a 16- studies done that show that the opti- But the priority I hope for all of us is year-old. I do not think so. That does mum size for a high school, for exam- to find some way to advance the oppor- not make any sense to me. ple, is somewhere between 600 and 900 tunity to improve our schools in this So I introduced legislation dealing kids, and that when you go over 900 the country for the future of this country. with that issue. The exclusionary rule, quality of the students’ performances I appreciate the Senator from New my eye. A 16-year-old and a loaded pis- start dropping, the discipline problems Mexico yielding. tol—I want a security guard to take start rising, and the incidence of crimi- Mr. BINGAMAN. I appreciate the that pistol away in a schoolroom be- nal problems start rising. We need to Senator from North Dakota and his cause my kids and yours and all of the factor this issue into what we do as comments. kids in this country deserve to be safe well. Let me say one other thing and then in school. Of course, we in Congress don’t make I will yield the floor, Mr. President. I That is the first element: Safety in the laws that govern the size of the was on a radio interview program ear- school. schools, and we should not. But we lier this morning, and one of the re- The second is what the Senator from need to encourage States and local porters, who is a very knowledgable re- New Mexico is talking about: Directing school districts to take that into ac- porter, said to me, ‘‘The President said investment into programs that we count when they decide to build a new we ought to increase funding for edu- know work and we know yield signifi- high school. You don’t necessarily need cation by 20 percent. That is a very cant returns. He talked about good to tear down the old building. You can major increase. Can we afford that teachers, and the President talked take an existing complex and break it kind of an increase given the budgetary about attracting and keeping good into two or three high schools just as constraints on us?’’

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S993 My response was that you have to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without us in the Democratic Party who looked look at this in the context of the over- objection, it is so ordered. to her for help and support for so many all Federal budget. In the overall Fed- f years. Ruth, my wife, and I extend our eral budget, we spend somewhere near deepest sympathies to the Harriman TRIBUTE TO THE LATE 1.5 percent on education, which rep- family. I just want to say that Pamela AMBASSADOR PAMELA HARRIMAN resents less than 10 percent of overall Harriman indeed left a very indelible spending by States and localities. So Mr. HARKIN. Mr. President, it was mark, not only in the city of Wash- what the President is saying is that we with great sadness that my wife and I ington, not only on the Democratic ought to spend 1.8 percent, or there- learned this morning of the death of a Party, but indeed on the United States abouts, on education. Most of the peo- dear friend of over two and one-half of America. She will be greatly missed. ple I talk to in New Mexico do not decades, Pamela Harriman, our coun- Mr. President, I yield the floor and think that is excessive. I think it is not try’s Ambassador to France. suggest the absence of a quorum. unreasonable for the Federal Govern- As I said, for the better part of about The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ment to give education that high a pri- 25 years, Pamela and Averell, first of clerk will call the roll. ority. all, were friends and two people who The legislative clerk proceeded to So I hope very much we follow the encouraged me early on in my political call the roll. President’s lead. I hope very much we life when I first ran for office. Later, Mr. COATS. Mr. President, I ask will make education the centerpiece of after her husband Averell passed away, unanimous consent that the order for our efforts here in this 105th Congress. Pamela continued to extend that hand the quorum call be rescinded. Mr. President, I yield the floor. I sug- of friendship to me, my wife, and our The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without gest the absence of a quorum. family. objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The I remember when I first came to Mr. COATS. Mr. President, may I in- clerk will call the roll. Washington as a freshman Congress- quire what the current order of busi- The assistant legislative clerk pro- man in 1975, I was amazed at how Pam- ness is? ceeded to call the roll. ela Harriman and Averell at that time The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, I ask unan- opened up their home to younger Mem- ate is in morning business. imous consent that the order for the bers. I know a lot has been made about WELCOMING FORMER SENATOR ALAN J. DIXON quorum call be rescinded. how the movers and shakers of the Mr. COATS. Mr. President, I note the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without world were always at Pamela Har- presence of a colleague and friend on objection, it is so ordered. riman’s house. But it was not just the floor, the former Senator from Illi- (The remarks of Mr. ROTH and Mr. them; she always made sure her home nois. We are pleased to have him come MOYNIHAN pertaining to the submission and house was open to the new people back and visit us. I just want to take of Senate Resolution 50 are located in who came to Washington. She was con- this opportunity to tell him how much today’s RECORD under ‘‘Submission of stantly promoting and encouraging Concurrent and Senate Resolutions.’’) young people, young Members of Con- we appreciated his service and how The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- gress, new people who were here, to much I enjoyed serving with him on ator from Delaware is recognized. showcase their ideas, to encourage the Senate Armed Services Committee. Mr. ROTH. I thank the Chair. them, to push harder and to climb up I hope he is doing well. (The remarks of Mr. ROTH and Mr. the ladder. So I remember her very f LIEBERMAN pertaining to the submis- fondly for the encouragement and sup- AMBASSADOR PAMELA HARRIMAN sion of Senate Concurrent Resolution 5 port that she gave this Senator in my Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I rise are located in today’s RECORD under early years of seeking public office. to honor the life and legacy of Ambas- ‘‘Submission of Concurrent and Senate During the last decade, the 1980’s, Resolutions.’’) Pamela Harriman was always there in sador Pamela Harriman. She was a gal- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- our party, the Democratic Party, try- lant and courageous lady—and a very ator from Delaware. ing to rebuild and to encourage people dear friend. Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, I thank the to seek public office. As I said, she was Pamela Harriman lived a full and ex- Chair. always encouraging the formulation of citing life. We all know of her grace (The remarks of Mr. ROTH pertaining new ideas and approaches. I think our and her charm. But she was so much to the introduction of S. 266 are located party owes her a great debt for all that more. in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Statements she did to encourage these younger She was, for me, first of all a good on Introduced Bills and Joint Resolu- people and to keep us pulled together friend. She and I worked together on tions.’’) during the decade of the 1980’s. During issues and politics for many years. She Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, I suggest was a tremendous supporter of women the absence of a quorum. the Presidential election of 1992, she was very active in helping then Gov- candidates, and I often turned to her The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. for her insight and counsel. I will al- REGG ernor Clinton gain the White House. G ). The clerk will call the roll. 1 ways treasure the memory of my last The legislative clerk proceeded to For the last 3 ⁄2 years, Pamela Har- riman served this country honorably visit with Ambassador Harriman. She call the roll. helped me to work with European Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I ask and well and I think with great distinc- space agencies—to foster better links unanimous consent that the order for tion as our Ambassador to France. As I with our space program. She was, as al- the quorum call be rescinded. have had occasion to travel overseas, I ways, perceptive and enthusiastic The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without have heard, on many occasions, from about the prospect of greater coopera- objection, it is so ordered. individuals in different parts of Europe tion between America and Europe. Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I thank about what a great representative of the Chair. America Pamela Harriman was. She She wanted to make a contribution (The remarks of Mr. MCCAIN per- was indeed that. to our political system. She brought taining to the introduction of S. 268 are Pamela Harriman was always proud together leaders from all sectors of so- located in today’s RECORD under of her British ancestry and heritage. ciety to discuss a wide range of impor- ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and She was even more proud of the fact tant issues. She fostered the kind of Joint Resolutions.’’) that she was an American. She was al- civil political discourse that is so often Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I suggest ways undeniably gracious to all who lacking. the absence of a quorum. came within her reach. She was always Ambassador Harriman had the kind The PRESIDING OFFICER. The open to new ideas, as I said, of the of strong patriotism that comes from clerk will call the roll. younger people coming into Govern- being born in another country—and The legislative clerk proceeded to ment and politics. She always found from witnessing first hand what Amer- call the roll. time to give encouragement, help, and ica did during the Second World War. Mr. HARKIN. Mr. President, I ask support. She often talked about living through unanimous consent that the order for So it is a sad day for our country, for the Battle of Britain—and how Amer- the quorum call be rescinded. all of her friends, and for all of those of ica’s military partnership helped the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S994 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 British people to keep their morale Provisions of the 1986 Tax Reform fairness and efficiency of our Tax Code. high. She loved her adopted country— Act were supposed to prevent profes- They are as leeches draining the health and she served it with great honor. sional sports teams from building and equity of the U.S. tax code. These She was one of our Nation’s most ef- sports facilities with tax-exempt bonds. tax expenditures—that portion of our fective ambassadors. During a period of Under the law, professional sports budget that proceeds for the most part prickly relations with France, she was teams are categorized as a private enti- on automatic pilot—have not been sub- able to reassure the French of the im- ty, and, as such, the issuing of private ject to the same level of scrutiny as portance of our friendship and alliance. activity bonds is taxed. However, due have other forms of federal spending. The French liked and trusted her. to clever maneuvering, professional This must change. She knew the language, the people, and sports teams have circumvented the in- Madam President, in fiscal year 1995, the country. She respected their his- tent of the law by encouraging State total tax expenditures—or loopholes— tory and their culture. The French governments to issue governmental reduced Federal revenues by approxi- honored her with their highest cultural bonds, which are exempted from Fed- mately $500 billion, an amount equal to honor—the commander of the Order of eral taxes, for the purpose of con- nearly one-third of the entire Federal Arts and Letters. structing large sports facilities. While budget. Clearly, tax expenditures need Mr. President, Ambassador Har- such a tactic is technically legal, pro- further scrutiny, and, where they are riman’s sudden death was a tragedy. fessional sports teams owners have ma- deemed to be outdated or unneces- But her life was a triumph. Her family nipulated the law for their own per- sary—or unnecessary—they need to be is in my prayers. I will miss her deeply. sonal gain. repealed. By identifying and correcting f Many large metropolitan areas have one of these wasteful tax loopholes, attempted to lure professional sports THE VERY BAD DEBT BOXSCORE Senator MOYNIHAN has introduced S. teams to relocate by offering generous 122. It represents a step in the right di- Mr. HELMS. Mr. President, at the incentive packages, including the con- rection. close of business yesterday, Tuesday, struction of new stadia. Many of the Madam President, I thank my col- February 4, the Federal debt stood at proposed facilities cost in excess of $225 league, Senator MOYNIHAN, for his lead- $5,300,797,430,319.62. million. The Congressional Research ership. And I thank Senator HATCH for Five years ago, February 4, 1992, the Service has reported that the Federal allowing me the privilege of going for- Federal debt stood at $3,797,723,000,000. share for a $225 million stadium could ward at this time. Madam President, I Ten years ago, February 4, 1987, the be as high as 34 percent. In plain mone- yield the floor. Federal debt stood at $2,232,429,000,000. tary figures, that is $75 million over f Fifteen years ago, February 4, 1982, the lifetime of the stadium—$75 mil- the Federal debt stood at lion that might better be spent and CONCLUSION OF MORNING $1,038,710,000,000. more usefully spent on benefits for the BUSINESS Twenty-five years ago, February 4, Nation, like books for our schools, 1972, the Federal debt stood at The PRESIDING OFFICER. Morning safer roads and bridges for commuters, $423,427,000,000 which reflects a debt in- business is closed. and more police to keep our streets crease of more than $4 trillion— The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- safer. Madam President, the list is end- $4,877,370,430,319.62—during the past 25 ator from Rhode Island. less. Instead, the Federal Government years. Mr. CHAFEE. Madam President, I receives no tax revenue, and money Mr. President, I suggest the absence thank the Chair. that could have been spent on these of a quorum. (The remarks of Mr. CHAFEE per- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without other, more deserving programs, is taining to the introduction of S. 275 are objection, it is so ordered. wasted, in my opinion. located in today’s RECORD under The clerk will call the roll. I commend my colleague, Senator ‘‘Statements on Introduced Bills and The legislative clerk proceeded to MOYNIHAN, for offering S. 122. I agree Joint Resolutions.’’) with his desire to close this tax loop- call the roll. f Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I ask hole that is mainly beneficial to a few unanimous consent that the order for select and wealthy individuals. In this BALANCED BUDGET AMENDMENT the quorum call be rescinded. time of fiscal austerity, the Federal TO THE CONSTITUTION Government cannot afford to subsidize The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. COL- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under such programs. S. 122 seeks to preserve LINS). Without objection, it is so or- the previous order, the hour of 3 p.m. the intentions of the 1986 Tax Reform dered. having arrived, the Senate will now Act by ensuring that professional Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I ask proceed to the consideration of Senate sports teams do not use—directly, or unanimous consent to proceed for not Joint Resolution 1 for debate only. The indirectly—Federal funds for the con- to exceed 6 minutes prior to the calling clerk will report. struction of their sports facilities. I up of the amendment. The assistant legislative clerk read have nothing in particular against The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without as follows: objection, it is so ordered. The Senator sports or sports teams. from West Virginia. I just think America has its values A joint resolution (S.J. Res. 1) proposing standing on their heads when it puts an amendment to the Constitution of the Mr. BYRD. I thank the Chair. Madam United States to require a balanced budget. President, I shall speak out of order. sports ahead of the development of the The Senate proceeded to consider the f minds, the intellects of young people. But that is a discussion for another joint resolution. THE TAX-EXEMPT ARENA DEBT day. Professional sports in the United The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- ISSUANCE ACT States is a lucrative and financially ator from Utah. Mr. BYRD. Madam President, I healthy private industry. It does not PRIVILEGES OF THE FLOOR strongly support S. 122, the Stop Tax- need this kind of public Federal sub- Mr. HATCH. Madam President, I ask exempt Arena Debt Issuance Act—let sidy while so many other pressing unanimous consent that Manus me say that again—the Stop Tax-Ex- needs are feeling the slash of the budg- Cooney, Sharon Prost, Shawn Bentley, empt Arena Debt Insurance Act—a et-cutter’s pencil. Paul Larkin, Larry Block, Steve Tepp, measure that has been introduced by S. 122 is equally important for an- Troy Dow, and Paul Joklik be per- Senator MOYNIHAN. This bill would other reason. By seeking to prevent mitted privileges of the floor for the amend title I, section 141, of the Inter- professional sports teams and localities duration of the debate. nal Revenue Code by closing a tax loop- from circumventing the obvious inten- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without hole that has been beneficial to a se- tions of the 1986 tax law, S. 122 illus- objection, it is so ordered. lect few individuals: owners of profes- trates how complex our Tax Code has Mr. HATCH. Madam President, today sional sports teams. For the average become. For far too long, tax loop- we begin one of the most important de- taxpayer, however, it is nothing more holes, such as those contained in Sec- bates that has ever taken place in the than professional sports welfare. tion 141 of the code, have reduced the U.S. Senate or in the Congress of the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S995 United States. The subject matter goes These are some of the reasons why I lost the habit of prioritized spending to the very heart of our Founding Fa- believe this amendment should be pre- options. Any ideas with political ap- thers’ hope for our constitutional sys- sented to the States for their ratifica- peal get enacted regardless of cost. We tem—a system that would protect indi- tion: borrow the money if we run short. That vidual freedom through the maxim of No. 1, integrity and accountability. is what we have been doing for most of limited Government. It will bring immediate credibility to the last 60 years. Those listening could In the latter half of this century, our current budget process and nego- try this thinking on their own budgets however, the intentions of the Framers tiations, and it will restore a measure at home. Buy any item that looks ap- of the Constitution have been betrayed of integrity and accountability to our pealing next time you are at the mall. by the Congress’ inability to control Government. Just put it on the card. What happens its own spending habits. The size of No. 2, our children’s future. Passing to your budget? Something like this this Federal leviathan has grown to the balanced budget constitutional chart probably, but hopefully not quite such an extent that the very liberties amendment is a vote for our children’s so high. of the American people are threatened. economic freedom. Washington, however, is not as con- I just stood at a press conference No. 3, family financial security. Pass- strained as the average American. with our Democratic cosponsors of this ing the balanced budget amendment Washington spends in this way, and amendment, and there was a huge table will improve the economic health and when the bill comes, it signs the debt filled with unbalanced budgets since stability of all American families. over to the American people. In addi- 1969. No. 4, economic strength. The stabi- tion to paying their own bills, the History was made in the 104th Con- lizing effect the balanced budget American people have to pay Washing- gress when 300 of our courageous col- amendment will have on the economy ton’s bills in the form of higher taxes, leagues in the House of Representa- is clear, and it will enable us to rein in of course, and accumulated debt. They tives, both Democrats and Republicans, the level of our country’s foreign-held also pay them in the form of higher in- approved a balanced budget amend- debt. terest rates on their homes, their cars, ment to the Constitution. Unfortu- No. 5, retirement security. If we pass or student loans. They pay in the form nately, the same measure was defeated this balanced budget constitutional of lower job growth, lower wages, and in this Chamber by one solitary single amendment it will literally save Social they even pay in the form of decreased vote. Security. It will stabilize the economy services from the Government because This year we begin a new Congress which will benefit all current and fu- more of the budget is being spent on in- following an intensive fall campaign in ture retirees. Without it, all of these terest rather than on education, health which people in every State across this care, job training, child care, the envi- programs will be placed in jeopardy. Nation made unmistakably clear their Now let me describe these reasons in ronment, et cetera. The point is that Americans are get- insistence that we put our fiscal house more detail. On the issue of integrity in order. The eyes of the people, now ting fed up with Washington because and accountability, our national debt more than two-thirds of whom favor a they feel the pinch put on them by is rocketing out of control and the balanced budget amendment, now turn Washington’s spendthrift ways. They American people are paying a very to us to follow through on our prom- know they have to make hard choices heavy price for it. As you can see by ises. about how they will spend their own I am pleased to be joined by 61 of my this chart, the debt was relatively sta- money, but they feel that Washington colleagues, including every Republican ble for many decades, up to about 1970, does not feel constrained to make hard Senator in the U.S. Senate and 7 bold a little bit before 1970. In recent years choices about spending priorities. It’s Democrats who have done exactly that the debt has increased at alarming not even Washington’s own money that in sponsoring Senate Joint Resolution rates under the watch of both political it’s spending so freely; it is the Amer- 1, the balanced budget constitutional parties. The fact is, our deficits have ican people’s money. No wonder the amendment. Madam President, as we been structural and they will not be American people are tired of it. begin the debate on Senate Joint Reso- eliminated in the long run without the Besides being dismayed by Washing- lution 1 proposing an amendment to discipline of a balanced budget con- ton’s free spending habits, the Amer- the U.S. Constitution to require bal- stitutional amendment. ican people also believe that Wash- anced annual Federal budgets, I want They really shot up in the 1980’s, ington is not accountable for its deci- to summarize why I feel this amend- right on through the 1990’s, and still sionmaking. The balanced budget ment should be added to the basic that arrow is going almost straight up, amendment responds to both of these great law of this great Nation. even today, even with the efforts and concerns. On this chart is the actual Let me say that as a lifelong student actions that have been taken. text of the balanced budget amendment of the Constitution and having served Since 1978, there have been no fewer before the Senate at this time. This on the Judiciary Committee in this than five major statutory schemes or balanced budget amendment will re- body during my tenure here of 20 years, regimes enacted which promised to de- quire Washington to make tough I do not lightly suggest amending our liver balanced budgets, and these in- choices about spending priorities with- founding document. Yet, all other ave- clude Gramm–Rudman-Hollings. But in the constraint of the amount of nues having failed us, I believe it ap- there has not been a single balanced money it has, or it requires Members of propriate to take recourse to our basic budget since 1969, which was the only Congress to go on record for its bor- charter to rein in an abused power of balanced budget since 1960. rowing and taxing decisions. There will the purse—as has been done in similar While I support the steps we have be no more voice votes when it comes situations in our history since the taken to pass the balanced budget plan, to raising taxes. There will be no more Magna Carta—in order that we might I question whether, without the weight voice votes when it comes to raising save future generations from the heavy of a constitutional requirement to bal- the deficit. You are going to have to burden of irresponsible Government ance the budget, we will achieve bal- stand up and vote. This amendment borrowing. ance by the year 2002. Without a bal- will see to that. It also requires Con- Madam President, let me just sum- anced budget amendment, every year gress to achieve some measure of in- marize the reasons I believe the pro- Congress has to act, and we have seen creased consensus about spending pri- posed balanced budget amendment the lack of will to do what’s right orities if it is going to finance that should be presented to the States for around here. For this reason, I feel pas- spending by borrowing. ratification. We have to have a two- sage of the balanced budget amend- The concept is simple: Don’t borrow, thirds vote in both of the bodies and ment is critical. unless a significant number of Mem- submit this amendment to the States, Let’s just acknowledge what every bers are willing to go on record as say- and we have to get three-quarters of American citizen knows. In recent dec- ing this spending is such a priority them to ratify the amendment before it ades, Washington has been biased to that we must borrow to do it. That can be entered into the Constitution. It spending, without feeling any con- would go a long way toward letting is a tough process. It ought to be a straints by the amount of money it ac- Americans know that their Govern- tough process. tually has on hand. Washington has ment is deliberating about its spending

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S996 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 habits, making choices among com- grandparents. Real per hour wages If the Government would stop bor- peting options, and only spending be- inched up just one-third of 1 percent rowing so much money, interest rates yond its means when it really needs to annually over the past 4 years, which is would come down and money would be in order to achieve a goal so important one-seventh the rate of growth in the available for businesses to invest in that a supermajority of Members could period between 1960 and 1974, and pro- creating jobs and paying higher wages. agree. The balanced budget amendment ductivity over the past 4 years grew at The Director of the Congressional will go a long way toward restoring the only one-fifth the rate of that same pe- Budget Office, June E. O’Neill, has tes- people’s faith in the integrity of our riod. Economist Lester Thurow noted tified recently that ‘‘balancing budget budget process and in the account- that the one-earner middle-class fam- will induce favorable changes in the ability of Washington for its decisions. ily is extinct and explains that almost economy,’’ and among those favorable A vote for the balanced budget one-third of all men between the ages changes she specifically pointed to ‘‘in- amendment is a vote for integrity and of 25 and 34 make less each year than is terest rates, economic growth, and the accountability in Washington. required to keep the average family of share of GDP represented by corporate Now, our children’s future. Our na- four above the poverty level. These profits.’’ All of this can put real money tional debt now tops $5.3 trillion. That combined pressures tear at the very in the pockets of real people, including averages out to about $20,000 in debt for fabric of our Nation and our families. small business owners and employees. every man, woman, and child in Amer- By contrast, implementing the bal- CBO Director O’Neill has also sug- ica. That is what our fiscal insanity anced budget amendment will lower in- gested that taking action now to bal- has brought us to. A child born in terest rates, making it easier for our ance the budget can assure greater America today comes into this world families to pay their mortgages, their budgetary stability in the future. $20,000 in debt—and that is going up. car loans, and their student loans. Greater budget stability means greater Do we have the right to spend our chil- Economist at DRI-McGraw-Hill esti- tax stability. And that means that dren’s future for our own comfort mate that a balanced budget rule Americans, and their families, and the today? would result in a 2-percent drop in in- businesses they own, can plan for the Over time, the disproportionate bur- terest rates. Now, DRI-McGraw-Hill is future better, with less risk that shift- dens placed or imposed on today’s chil- one of the best econometric groups in ing tax policy will wipe out their plans dren and their children by a continuing the country. A balanced budget rule in unforeseen ways. At the very least, pattern of deficits could include some would mean annual savings of $1,230 on this will save Americans substantial combination of the following: In- a middle-class family’s home mort- amounts on tax attorneys. But long- creased taxes, reduced public welfare gage, $216 each year for an average stu- term planning, with less risk from benefits, reduced pensions and Social dent loan, and $180 each year on the av- shifting tax policy, can pay dividends Security benefits, reduced benefits or erage car loan. throughout the economy. expenditures on infrastructure and The good effects of our overall eco- Decreasing our dependence on debt to other public investments, diminished nomic health will help family budgets finance Government activities will also capital formation, diminished job cre- in many other possible forms, such as a increase our national economic sov- ation, diminished productivity en- higher paycheck, more job opportunity ereignty. Interest payments on our hancement and less real wage growth or security, lower taxes in the future, debt are increasingly leaving the coun- in the private economy, higher interest and a greater ability to save and invest try. This chart, based on Treasury De- rates, higher inflation, increased in- for the future. The Joint Economic partment statistics, shows that from debtedness to and economic depend- Committee has estimated that the av- 1992 to 1995, the portion of our debt ence on foreign creditors, and increased erage American family would have an held by foreign interests has increased risk of default on the Federal debt. additional $1,500 a year if we imple- 28 percent. That is money that leaves Madam President, I have said this in mented a balanced budget rule. A bal- the United States, thus weakening our the past. This is ‘‘fiscal child abuse’’ anced budget amendment will make it national economy, and perhaps slowly and it must end. It is our children’s fu- easier for American families to afford a jeopardizing our national independ- ture versus Washington’s spending ad- house, a car, or to send a child to col- ence. It has been said, ‘‘It is tough to diction. I hope the Senate of the United lege. This offers a real way to relieve get tough with your banker.’’ The less States will come down overwhelmingly the pressure on American families who we borrow from foreigners, the less de- on the side of our children’s future by are struggling to stay together and get pendent we are on foreigners, and the passing this amendment. ahead. A vote for the balanced budget more independent we will be as a na- A vote for the balanced budget amendment is a vote for the economic tion. amendment is a vote for our children’s health and stability of American fami- By returning honesty to budgeting, economic security. lies. the balanced budget amendment will Now, what about family financial se- Now, economic stability. Economists improve our economy and our eco- curity? It is not just our children that from all over this country agree that nomic independence. we hurt with these outrageous deficits. the balanced budget amendment should We are suffocating our own families. pass. They agree that ‘‘we have lost the RETIREMENT SECURITY The impact of higher interest rates, moral sense of fiscal responsibility The balanced budget amendment is higher taxes, lower wage and job that served to make formal constitu- important to current and future retir- growth, and higher mortgages are felt tional restraints unnecessary.’’ Hun- ees. at kitchen tables all across America. dreds of economists support the bal- This is a very important chart be- The Concord Coalition has estimated anced budget amendment as being good cause this chart is based on the Social that the interest payments on our for the national economy by increasing Security trustees’ intermediate projec- mountainous debt amount to $5,360 a both investor and business confidence, tions. As you can see here, while we year for a family of four. Just to pay both foreign and domestic. run modest yearly surpluses until the the interest against our national debt, Some economists are against us on year 2015—down here is the 2015, and it’s $5,360 a year. the balanced budget amendment. As a the green shows the moderate sur- Chairman KASICH of the House Budg- general rule, they are academics who pluses above zero, we get to 2015. The et Committee has pointed out that depend upon the Government in many long-term projections are mammoth three of the causes of the ‘‘middle class ways for their moneys and in many re- annual deficits—the red line—mam- squeeze’’—high taxes, counter- spects love the spending practices of moth annual deficits that start about productive Government spending poli- the Federal Government. Not all—some the year 2015, if we are lucky. That is cies, and anemic wage growth—are at sincerely worry about the amendment. assuming a rosy economic picture over least partly caused by continued bor- But there are also many, many who the next 19 years. The long-term pro- rowing by the Federal Government. He worry that if we do not pass the jections are for mammoth annual defi- points out that the baby boom genera- amendment we are really going to be in cits projected at current dollars at as tion pays taxes that are at least 50 per- trouble, and economic stability will be much as $7 trillion for today’s children cent higher than those paid by their threatened. when they retire.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S997 The word ‘‘trust’’ in the Social Secu- a recession or depression during this dent of the United States spoke of the rity trust fund refers to the trust retir- period of time, it is going to be worse. difference between taking action to ees repose in the Government to meet And the deficits might actually start balance the Federal budget and the po- its future obligations. We will be hard before then. But that is the best anal- litical exercise of considering a con- pressed to meet our obligations if we ysis that we can get at this time. stitutional amendment on balancing do not get our debt under control now Madam President, only the force of the budget. I mention this because the and force ourselves to avoid the growth the Constitution can balance out the American people know there is a big of debt in the future. The balanced incentives for irresponsibility that difference between talking about a con- budget amendment will force and em- dominate the Congress, and only the stitutional amendment to balance the power us to meet these future obliga- balanced budget amendment can save budget, a big difference between talk- tions. this country from being swallowed in ing about what you might or might not In addition, the economic benefits of debt. do, and actually doing it. Here is what the amendment will benefit current A vote for the balanced budget President Clinton said. and future retirees who are increas- amendment is a vote for a stronger and Balancing the budget requires only your ingly relying on private financial in- a freer future for all Americans. vote and my signature. It does not require us vestments for retirement security. When we began this debate, we had at to rewrite our Constitution. I believe it is both unnecessary and unwise to adopt a bal- There are 34 million households that least 68 Members of the Senate who anced budget amendment that would cripple have invested in the stock market in committed and promised that they our country in time of economic crisis and some form. As financial expert Jim would vote for this amendment. We force unwanted results, such as judges halt- Cramer notes, if you have a pension, need 67. So we believe the votes should ing Social Security checks or increasing it’s likely that it’s invested in stocks. be here. We believe people are honor- taxes. If you have a 401K plan, it’s probably able and will honor their commitments Listen to what the President said. invested in stocks. Worth magazine’s when they ran for office and when they Balancing the budget requires only the Ken Kurson points out that in 1996, 34 appeared before their families and vote of the Congress and his signature. percent of households headed by some- friends and voting constituents within This from a President who in the 22 one under 35 had some sort of mutual their respective States. They all knew years I have been here is the only fund. Simply put, many Americans are at the time that this was the only President who has brought the deficit relying less on Government and more amendment we could possibly pass. down 4 years in a row—the only Presi- on themselves and their own invest- They all knew at the time that this is dent who has done that. In fact, if we ments for their retirement security. a bipartisan consensus amendment were not paying the interest on the The balanced budged amendment will brought about by both Democrats and deficits run up during Presidents strengthen the markets and the invest- Republicans, and that we have worked Reagan and Bush administrations, we ments these Americans are relying on. for over 20 years on this amendment. would have a surplus today and not a deficit. No matter the source of retirement They all knew at the time that this In fact, I believe he is probably the security, the balanced budget amend- was the one time in history when we only President in my lifetime, Repub- ment will benefit current and future could really get this done. And I hope lican or Democrat, who has 4 years in older Americans. we do. I believe we will because I be- Some have argued that we should a row brought the deficit down and cer- lieve our fellow Senators will live up to tainly the only one since the last take Social Security out of the purview the word that they gave to their con- President, a Democrat, who had a sur- of the balanced budget amendment. stituents. plus. That was President Johnson. They argue that we should take the Madam President, I yield the floor. Deficits have run since then, and only highest items in the Federal budget Mr. LEAHY addressed the Chair. President Clinton has brought them and the most important item in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- down four times in a row and is about Federal budget out of the budget be- ator from Vermont. to submit a budget which will bring the cause they think that might protect Mr. LEAHY. Madam President, I deficits down for the fifth time in a Social Security. Give me a break. That wonder if I could ask the distinguished row. is not going to protect Social Security. senior Senator from Utah a question. That is a record which certainly in It is going to jeopardize it, because Shall we vote now? modern times, certainly the postwar what happens is that if we take it out Mr. HATCH. We would be happy to do time, no President, Democrat, or Re- now, even the President has admitted it, if the Senator wants to. publican, has done and is a marked that you cannot balance the budget by Mr. LEAHY. Shall we call the roll? contrast to the two Republican Presi- the year 2002 if you do not keep Social Mr. HATCH. Sure. That would be fine dents who preceded him who tripled Security in the total unified budget. with me. the national debt, who took all the So it is a gradual way that we get Mr. LEAHY. It would be fine with debt from 200 years and tripled it in there, and if we get there, then Social me. just 12 years. Security will be much more stable. Mr. HATCH. I do not think it would So President Clinton is committed to When we get to these years when it be fine with that side, but it would be signing a balanced budget that protects starts to drop off, we have to take care fine with me. America’s values, honors our promises of it, and, frankly, we have to do it Mr. LEAHY. I suspect that you prob- to seniors and our veterans and fulfills within reasonable constraints and do it ably have at least one leader on that our responsibilities to the disadvan- right. side who might not be in favor. taged and the young. If this Congress, The fact is that some argue that we Mr. HATCH. I will clear the way. the 105th, will join him for the good of should keep Social Security in the Mr. LEAHY. Why not talk with him the Nation and the future, we can, in amendment until the year 2003 and while I give my opening statement to fact, be the Congress that finally bal- then all of a sudden take it out when see if we want to do that. ances the budget. all of these deficits occur. The reason Mr. HATCH. Let us let everybody say Madam President, I would like to be they want that is so they can keep what they want to say about this on part of that Congress, and I would like spending. As far as everybody knows, if both sides, and at a reasonable time we to see Democrats and Republicans we take Social Security out of the pur- would like to—— work together to bring about that kind view of the balanced budget, we would Mr. LEAHY. If the Senator would of a balanced budget. But that would be creating the biggest loophole in the like to this afternoon—— mean each one of us, every man and history of this country and they could Mr. HATCH. I will be happy to do it. woman in this body and every man and spend anything they want by simply Mr. LEAHY. Why not talk with him. woman in the other body, will have to labeling it Social Security. Mr. HATCH. I will. stand up and cast votes that are politi- Madam President, this scares me to Mr. LEAHY. And see if it could be cally unpopular—not a vote that death. It is true. These are the trust- cleared here, too. sounds very popular but does not cut a ees’ estimates here. That is assuming a Madam President, last night in his single program and does nothing to fairly rosy economic picture. If we hit State of the Union Address, the Presi- balance the budget.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S998 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 My good friend from Utah has talked Some may even use a ‘‘feel good’’ number of offices in my home State of about the public opinion polls that say vote for this proposed amendment as Vermont. how popular a balanced budget is. I the excuse to sit back and await the What the distinguished Senator from support a balanced budget. I voted for ratification process in the States, and Indiana and I did was not just to talk more deficit reduction than most of the then they would sit back and await the about it, we actually put together a Members of this body. But wanting it consideration of implementing legisla- piece of legislation which means in and voting it can be sometimes two dif- tion. Then they would sit back and every single State in this country ferent things. It is easy to stand up, as await the consideration of budgets con- somebody is going to feel the pain. I we all do, in town meetings back home sistent with such implementing legis- know because I got letters from all and say we want a balanced budget. It lation. Then maybe, just maybe, they over the country about it. But we is very difficult to come back and face would start making the necessary cuts. passed it. special interest groups on the right and Madam President, it is like some of Maybe some of the same people who left and say we are going to cast votes the people who stand on the floor of so eagerly support this constitutional to achieve balance. this body or the other body and say amendment should ask themselves, are This is not one of those tough votes. that we have to amend the Constitu- they responsible for the huge and un- This proposed constitutional amend- tion and have term limits. There are precedented budget deficits of the ment is unnecessary, it is unwise, it is those who stand up and say, ‘‘I have Reagan and Bush years? Many are. I unsound, and it is dangerous. been arguing for term limits for 20 am one of only five remaining Senators First, it demeans our Constitution. It years,’’ some who have been arguing in this body who voted against the 1981 will destabilize the power among our term limits before some of the Mem- Reagan budget package that increased three branches of Government. That bers of this body were born, and they defense spending by a huge amount balance of power between our three will keep on into the next century say- while cutting taxes by a huge amount branches of Government gives this, the ing we have to have a constitutional and which, of course, caused our debt greatest and most powerful democracy amendment for term limits. to explode. The 12 years following in history, its greatest protection. It I heard one Member of the House, Reaganomics have left us with over $2.6 would head us down the road to minor- who has been here, I think, 14 terms, trillion in additional debt. Do we have a deficit today? Of course ity rule and undermine our constitu- say, ‘‘If I do nothing before I leave we do. If we did not have to pay the in- tional democracy. It would likely re- here, we are going to get term limits— terest on the debt run up during Presi- sult in a shifting of burdens, respon- if it takes me another 14 terms to get dent Reagan and President Bush’s sibilities and costs to State govern- term limits.’’ ments. Whether my own State of What makes more sense, instead of terms, we would have a surplus today. Vermont, the State of Maine, the State looking for bumper sticker amend- I commend, again, the President, who, of Utah, or any other of the 50 States, ments and bumper sticker politics, is while inheriting a huge national debt, a huge deficit, and a huge debt service these State governments are ill- to cast votes that will cut the deficit when he came into office, has brought equipped to assume the vast burdens of now. Do not wait until the next cen- the deficit down. President Clinton the Federal Government. tury. I want to continue to lower the Both because of what it would do and has, four times in a row, brought the deficit now, not wait for two more elec- what it would not accomplish, adoption deficit down and is about to do it a tion cycles to pass before balancing the of this proposed 28th amendment to the fifth time in a row, something that budget sometime after the year 2002, U.S. Constitution would be wrong. none of us in our lifetime have seen. which, incidentally, is the earliest date Treasury Secretary Rubin testified But this proposed constitutional this amendment could be effective. amendment remains now what it was that the proposed constitutional We showed in the last two Congresses amendment would ‘‘subject the Nation then: political cover for the failed poli- we could make progress in undoing the to unacceptable economic risks in per- cies of the 1980’s and their tragic leg- mistakes of the deficits-building dec- petuity. It would be a terrible, terrible acy. Those mistakes continue to cost ade of the 1980’s without having this mistake for this country.’’ our country hundreds of millions of Treasury Secretary Rubin commands proposed amendment in the Constitu- dollars every workday in interest on the highest respect of both Republicans tion. For the first time since Harry deficits run up during the last two Re- and Democrats and certainly within Truman was President, the deficit has publican administrations. Think of the financial community, and when he declined 4 years in a row and with the that—hundreds of millions of dollars speaks of the unacceptable economic help of President Clinton we have re- every single workday just on interest risks in perpetuity we ought to stop duced the deficit 63 percent over the alone based on the deficits of those and listen to him. We should also listen last 4 years. We have reduced the def- years. As I said before, were it not for to the 11 Nobel laureates in economics icit, as a percentage of our economy, the interest on this debt, we would who joined 1,000 other economists who from 4.7 to 1.4 percent. These may seem have had a balanced budget in each of condemn the proposal as unsound and like just numbers, but what we have the last several years. unnecessary. It is what the Los Ange- done is we have reduced the deficit as The proposed constitutional amend- les Times calls a false political star. a percentage of our economy to the ment contains no protection against Now, there are responsible ways to lowest among the world’s industri- the Federal Government seeking to reduce our budget deficit, but focusing alized countries. Instead of constantly balance its budget by shifting costs and our attention on this proposed amend- standing up supporting this because it burdens to the States. That is the ulti- ment only delays us from making might sound like good politics, let us mate budget gimmick—pass the buck progress on what are some very tough be honest with the people we represent. to the States. The proposed constitu- choices. This is the same old sleight of We have done better than any industri- tional amendment would be a prescrip- hand that we have witnessed around alized country in the world. tion for disaster, especially for small here since 1982 when people began vot- As part of our efforts we passed legis- States that are ill-equipped to handle ing for a constitutional amendment on lation that saves tens of billions of dol- the extra load. We know what hap- the budget rather than to vote to bal- lars of taxpayer-financed Government pened in the 1980’s; Federal contribu- ance the budget. A lot of people stood programs. These are tough votes. For tions to State and local governments up to say, ‘‘Yes, I voted to amend the example, the distinguished senior Sen- fell sharply, by about a third. During Constitution to balance the budget.’’ ator from Indiana, Senator LUGAR, and that same decade, my home State of Hurrah, hurrah, how brave they are, I sponsored legislation that reorga- Vermont had to make up the dif- but they cannot quite step up here and nized the U.S. Department of Agri- ference. We had to raise the State in- vote on these tough issues that actu- culture to become a more efficient and come tax rate from 23 to 28 percent. In ally do balance the budget. There is no effective agency. The Leahy-Lugar bill addition, State and local property magic in the proposed constitutional passed Congress at the end of 1994. It taxes and taxes of all kinds had to be amendment. The magic is hard work. will result in saving over $3 billion, but increased. Reducing the deficit will take hard it has to close 1,200 USDA field offices I remember talking to so many peo- work, and it will require hard choices. including, should anybody ask, a large ple in my State of Vermont, hard-

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00018 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S999 working men and women, people who is going to be if they ratify. Each State the power that we have. In fact, in his- bring home a weekly paycheck and pay should be advised of the likely effects tory, no country, democracy or other- the mortgages, set money aside for on its economy and, in particular, on wise, has had the great economy and their children to go to college. They personal income levels and job losses in the great power of the United States. keep our economy going. I said, ‘‘Have that State. Let us get some of the an- But no other country has had a con- you felt these huge tax cuts that we swers. Let us know where we are head- stitution like ours, a short constitu- read you have gotten under Reagan- ed. tion, a simple constitution, an under- omics?’’ Except for a couple of my In fact, I believe this proposed con- standable constitution. Since the Bill friends who, frankly, Madam President, stitutional amendment would invite of Rights, it has only been amended 17 make a heck of a lot more money than the worst kind of cynical evasion and times. In one of those cases, it was I do, they had not. In fact, what they budget gimmickry. The experience of amended for prohibition and then to re- had seen, the average person had seen States that do have balanced budget peal prohibition. their taxes go up. They saw Social Se- requirements only bears this out. My I mention this because I think there curity taxes go up, they saw their local State, which has one of the best credit is a definite connection between the taxes go up, they saw their State taxes ratings in the country, takes care of its greatness of the United States, the fact go up to cover the differences. budget without having in its State con- that we maintain our democratic prin- That is not the way to cut the Fed- stitution a constitutional amendment ciples and, notwithstanding our enor- eral deficit. It is the Federal deficit. to balance the budget. Because we mous power, a respect for Government You do not cut it by simply shifting know we have good times and bad and a respect for our Constitution the burdens to State and local govern- times, we have provisions to set aside a based on the knowledge of that Govern- ment and telling them to raise the rainy day fund. We know that there are ment and that Constitution and not be- taxes on their people. Working people things that we have to do in our small cause a dictator and army tell us we cannot afford tax increases any more State economy at a time of recession have to. But that has meant that the men and just because they are imposed by State to help. women who have occupied these seats and local authorities and not by the But look what happens with States that we only temporarily occupy, the with a balanced budget requirement. Federal Government. men and women who have occupied the While we passed unfunded mandates Many that do achieve compliance do so seats in the other body that were only legislation last Congress, even that leg- only with what the former comptroller temporarily occupied, were wise islation offers insufficient protection. of New York State calls dubious prac- enough—even though there were hun- My concerns extend beyond new legis- tices and financial gimmicks. These dreds and hundreds of proposals over lation that the lawyers determine in- gimmicks include shifting expenditures 200 years—were wise enough not to clude legally binding obligations. I am to off-budget accounts, postponing pay- amend the Constitution willy-nilly, es- concerned as well about those pro- ments to school district suppliers, de- pecially for those things that can be grams that respond to the basic needs laying refunds to taxpayers, deferring taken care of legislatively. As the of individuals. contributions to pension funds, and President said last night, it only re- Human needs are no less real because selling State assets. The proposed con- quires our vote and his signature for a they are not set forth in a Federal stat- stitutional amendment does not pro- balanced budget, not a constitutional ute. Hunger, cold, illness, the ills of the hibit the Federal Government from amendment. aged—these do not need statutory defi- using the same and other dubious prac- Our predecessors on both sides of the nition to cause suffering. With or with- tices and gimmicks. aisle and our predecessors on both sides out definition, they do cause suffering. With Congress facing a constitu- of the aisle in the other body were wise If we try to balance the Federal budget tional mandate, the overwhelming enough to refrain, no matter how pop- by scaling back services, we are just as temptation will be to exaggerate esti- ular it sounded or no matter how much surely going to be shifting the costs mates of economic growth and tax re- it helped them in their elections, from and burdens of these unmet needs, as ceipts, underestimate spending, and en- amending the Constitution willy-nilly, well as Federal mandates, on State and gage in all kinds of accounting tricks especially for those things they knew local governments. as was done before the honest budg- they could do legislatively. I know the people of Vermont are not eting efforts of 1993. The result will be It is one thing to amend the Con- going to let their neighbors go hungry that those who do business with the stitution to limit the terms of Presi- or go without medical care, and I ex- Government may never be certain in dents or to set up successions when pect people elsewhere will not either. what fiscal year the Government will there is a vacancy in the Vice Presi- As much as our churches and syna- choose to pay up or deliver, and those dency or the Presidency itself. Those gogues and our charities and our com- who rely on tax refunds can certainly are of constitutional import. But some- munities will contribute, a large part expect extended delays from the IRS. thing we can do simply legislatively, of the problem and a large share of the Passing a constitutional directive why amend the Constitution? Let’s not costs are still going to fall to State and that will inevitably encourage evasion debase our national charter with a mis- local governments. is only going to invite public cynicism guided political attempt to curry favor The distinguished majority leader in and scorn, and not just toward the Con- with the American people by this dec- the other body, RICHARD ARMEY, said in gress. That, Madam President, does laration against budget deficits. Let us 1995 that he did not want to spell out bother me, since we represent one of not make the mistake of other coun- the effects of this constitutional the three branches of Government. tries and turn our Constitution into a amendment before it is passed because What bothers me far more is cynicism series of hollow promises. he is afraid that Congress would not toward the Constitution itself. We are too great a nation for that. vote to pass it if it knew what it would None of us in this body owns the seat We are too great a democracy for that, do. He later reinforced his remarks by that we are in. We are all here for 6 and the loopholes in Senate Joint Res- warning supporters not to reveal where years at a time. Some day we will olution 1 already abound. One need the necessary cuts would be made be- leave, as we should, either by our own only consult the language of the pro- cause knees would buckle. choice or because we are given an invi- posed amendment and majority report If we are going to be asked to con- tation to do so by the voters of our for the first sets of exceptions and cre- sider this constitutional amendment, State. But while we are here, we have ative interpretations that will allow let us find out what the impact is like- a responsibility to the institutions of Congress to reduce the deficit only so ly to be. Certainly, before any State is this country, and certainly to our Con- far as Members choose to cast respon- called upon to consider ratification of stitution, an oath that we each take sible votes. The Judiciary Committee such a constitutional amendment, we solemnly and without any reservation. reports that the Congress will have ought to know what the impact is (Mr. CRAIG assumed the chair.) flexibility in implementing the con- going to be. Every State ought to be Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, we are, in stitutional amendment. It will leave able to look at the debate here and our some ways, an unprecedented country. the critical details to implementing actions here and know what the impact No nation, no democracy has achieved legislation.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00019 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 This proposed constitutional amend- Congress’ hands to address regional, principle of majority rule by imposing ment uses the seemingly straight- national, and international problems. a three-fifths supermajority vote to forward term ‘‘fiscal year.’’ But accord- We should not hamstring the legisla- adopt certain budgets and raise the ing to the committee report, this time tive power that is expressly authorized debt limit. period can mean whatever a majority in article I, section 8, of the Constitu- Again, has anybody read a history in Congress wants it to mean. It has no tion. Let us not undo that which our book in this body? Has anybody found immutable definition. It may mean one Founders wisely provided: flexibility. out how this country started? Go back thing this year, and we may decide the This proposed constitutional amend- to our Founders. Our Founders rejected next year it means something else. It ment risks seriously undercutting the such supermajority voter requirements can be shifted around the calendar as protection of our constitutional sepa- on matters that are within Congress’ Congress deems appropriate. Watch out ration of powers. No one has yet con- purview. Alexander Hamilton described for the shifting of fiscal years in order vincingly explained how the proposed supermajority requirements as poison. to juggle accounts when elections are amendment would work and what role I sometimes wonder if anybody around approaching. would the President play and what role here even knows who Alexander Ham- This proposed amendment gives con- would the courts play in its implemen- ilton or Thomas Jefferson, George gressional leeway to rely on estimates tation and enforcement? Washington or these people were. to balance the budget, to make tem- I can just see the new law school Hamilton observed that: porary self-correcting imbalances and courses all over the country. How do Supermajority requirements serve to de- to ignore very small or negligible defi- you sue under the constitutional stroy the energy of the Government and to amendment? substitute the pleasure, caprice or artifices cits. But what is temporary? What is of an insignificant, turbulent or corrupt self-correcting? What is small? What is When you put the budget in the Con- junto to the regular deliberations and deci- negligible? stitution, economic policy would inevi- sions of a respectable majority. With apologies to one of our distin- tably throw the Nation’s fiscal policy These supermajority requirements guished predecessors, the Senator from into the courts. That is the last place are a recipe for increased gridlock, not Illinois, Senator Everett Dirksen, a bil- issues of taxing and spending should be more efficient action. If there are some lion here, a billion there; after a while, decided. Basically what it does is it de- in here who have not read The Fed- it does not add up. This is a lawyer’s stroys this delicate balance between eralist Papers, just recall the lessons of dream. the three branches of government: the the last 2 years when the Government What is negligible? We think a bil- executive, the legislative, and the judi- was shut down by a determined minor- lion is negligible, and somebody sues, cial. ity intent on getting its way. The Na- or a whole lot of people sue. My guess I cannot understand why Members of tion was pushed to the brink of default is that unless it becomes a political Congress want to give up their powers when a group pledged that, no matter bone of contention between political to the judiciary, because the effect of what, they would not vote on raising parties as we approach an election, we the proposed amendment could be to the debt limit, they were going to let could go a long time without Congress toss important issues of spending prior- the Government be shut down. Whether declaring itself in violation of this pro- ities and funding levels to the Presi- it was political or they went out the posed amendment. dent or to thousands of lawyers in hun- wrong door in an airplane or whatever, What happens if the President of the dreds of lawsuits in dozens of Federal they shut down the Federal Govern- United States says, ‘‘Well, here are my and State courts. ment. estimates. My estimates are we are If approved, the amendment would That cost taxpayers hundreds of mil- going to receive x number of dollars have let Congress off the hook by kick- lions of dollars. It certainly cost every- and my estimates are we are going to ing massive responsibilities for how tax body in private enterprise in this area, spend x number of dollars,’’ and it dollars are spent to unelected judges just about any area in the country, turns out he is wrong? What do we do? and the President. Judge Robert Bork hundreds of millions of dollars more. Sue him? warned of the danger more than a dec- We looked ridiculous to the rest of the What happens if the Congress does ade ago. Again, Mr. President, why— world. But all because a minority made the same thing? We estimate in our why—would we give up the constitu- that determination. budget resolution we are going to re- tional powers we have had for 200 years Such supermajority requirements re- ceive x number of dollars and spend x and give them over to the courts who flect a basic distrust, not just of Con- number of dollars. What happens if we do not want them and have not asked gress, but of the electorate itself. I re- are wrong? Do all 535 Members go to for them? ject that notion. I have faith in the jail or just those who voted for it? So instead of creating future con- electorate. I am prepared to keep faith This proposed constitutional amend- stitutional questions, let us do the job with and in the American people. ment could be economically ruinous. we were elected to do. Let us remember Mr. President, we have also said that During a recession, deficits rise be- what the President said last night: You ‘‘The devil is in the details.’’ I believe cause tax receipts go down. But various vote it, I sign it; we have a balanced Emerson first said that. The proposed Government payments, like unemploy- budget. Simple as that. But it means constitutional amendment uses such ment insurance, go up. By contrast, we have to make the tough choices and general terms even its sponsors con- the amendment would demand the cast the difficult votes and make cede that implementing legislation will taxes be raised and spending be cut progress toward a balanced budget. be necessary to clarify how it is going during a recession or depression. It is I worry, Mr. President, that perhaps to work. almost like when President Herbert some, because it is a lot easier, just So we ask, what will the imple- Hoover, as we started into a slight re- vote for a constitutional amendment menting legislation say? Well, we are cession, said the thing that would give which has huge popularity. It is a lot not going to find out until we see the the most confidence to the country easier to do that than to vote against a implementing legislation. Basically would be to force through a balanced whole lot of programs where your vote this says, ‘‘Trust us. Pass this. And budget. He did, and we went through is not popular. we’ll tell you afterward what it the worst depression in this century. It is not popular to actually cast the means.’’ That is kind of like somebody As Treasury Secretary Robert Rubin votes to balance the budget. It is easy saying, ‘‘I’ll sell you this business. testified in the Judiciary Committee, to cast the vote for the constitutional Would you sign this contract in blank? ‘‘the balanced budget amendment amendment. It is sort of like saying, ‘‘I Give me all your money, but I will fill would turn slowdowns into recessions will vote today to eliminate cancer.’’ in the terms afterward.’’ and recessions into more severe reces- Who disagrees with that? Or the person I am a Vermonter. We just do not sions or even depressions.’’ says, ‘‘I’m against cancer. I don’t want quite do it that way back home. We Economic policy has to be flexible to give up smoking, but I’m against trust each other, but we kind of like to enough to change with a changing and cancer.’’ It is the difficult steps. see the details. The questions raised by increasingly global economy. But the This proposed constitutional amend- this proposed constitutional amend- requirements of this proposal would tie ment undermines the fundamental ment still lack satisfactory answers.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00020 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1001 For example, what programs are going Mr. President, I agree. I yield the floor. to be off budget? What role will the We do need to look beyond the year 2002. EXHIBIT 1 courts and what role will the President Mr. President, I agree. But then they [From the Wall Street Journal, Feb. 4, 1997] have in executing and enforcing the said: CONSTITUTIONAL BOONDOGGLE amendment? How much of our con- But these battles have to be fought one by stitutional power do we give up? What one, and [they] can’t be solved by amending With President Clinton about to deliver his is really compliance with the amend- the Constitution. State of the Union Address and new budget, ment? How much of a deficit may be fi- Once again, Mr. President, I agree. this is an apt moment to say that the Presi- The Wall Street Journal editorial dent is right and the Republicans are wrong nanced and then carried over to the on item one of the GOP Congressional agen- next year? There are a lot of questions concludes: da. The balanced budget amendment is a like these that are critical to our un- The concept embodied in the proposed flake-out. derstanding of this amendment. And [constitutional] amendment measures noth- The notion of amending the Constitution they have not been answered. ing useful; it is at best a distraction, and at to outlaw budget deficits is silly on any Should Congress be asked to amend worst, causes confusion that makes the right number of counts. Politically it’s empty things harder to do, not easier. the Constitution by signing what symbolism. Legally it clutters the Constitu- amounts to a blank check? I disagree I ask unanimous consent the Wall tion with dubious prose. Today’s lesson, with that. No Congress should be asked Street Journal editorial be printed in though, concerns economics and accounting. the RECORD immediately after my re- You can’t measure economic rectitude by to do that. Nor should each State be any one number, let alone the ‘‘deficit,’’ asked to ratify a pig in a poke. marks. The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. however defined, let alone the deficit projec- In the interest of fair disclosure, Con- tions the proposals will inevitably involve in FAIRCLOTH). Without objection, it is so gress should first determine the sub- ordered. practice. The attempt to enshrine such a stance of any implementing legislation number in the Constitution is bound to prove (See exhibit 1.) a snare and a delusion. as it did in connection with the 18th Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, think amendment, the other attempt to draft The proposal passed by the Senate Judici- back again to last night’s State of the ary Committee says that outlays (‘‘except a substantive behavioral policy into Union address. The President said all it the Constitution. Let us go look at the for those for repayment of debt principal’’) takes is for us to cast the votes and for shall not exceed receipts (‘‘except those de- implementing legislation first. me to sign the bill to balance the budg- rived from borrowing’’). While this concept In my view, this amendment does not et. Many of us who cast those tough sounds simple, in fact it reflects neither ac- meet the requirements of article V of votes to cut programs, to bring the counting principles nor economic reality. the Constitution for proposals to the deficits down, have faced in the short If you can balance your family budget, the States because it is not constitu- term the wrath of our constituents but thinking goes, the government can balance tionally necessary. It is only with re- in the long term a realization that we the federal budget. But applying the budget solve and hard work that we make have done the right thing for the coun- amendment’s principles to households would outlaw home mortgages, which have proved progress. Neither is evident in the pro- try. posed constitutional amendment. a boon to countless families and the general I am proud that I have voted for economy. What a family balances is its oper- I have heard some of the speeches budgets that have now, 4 years in a ating budget, a concept foreign to the federal about why it would be good politics, row, brought down the deficits, some- accounts. In corporate accounting, similarly, popular politics to vote for this. Poli- thing that has not happened certainly the health of an enterprise is measured by tics—good, popular or otherwise—have in the last 15 years or so. We have had careful distinctions such as accruals or de- no place when we are dealing with the a President who has had the courage to preciation. Even the balanced budget re- Constitution of the United States. We give us four budgets in a row that bring straints of state and local governments ex- inherited a great legacy from those down the deficits. They have meant clude spending on capital improvements fi- nanced by bond issues approved by voters. who went before us because they re- tough votes. Some Members who voted to bring The reality is that borrowing money is not sisted the temptation to play politics a sin; it depends on how much money, and in and to amend our Constitution willy- down the deficit have probably lost particular on the uses of the borrowed funds. nilly. elections because of those tough votes. Even the amendment itself recognizes this As a result, we are the greatest and How much better they have been to by allowing Congress to waive the amend- strongest democracy history has ever themselves, to their children and their ment by majority vote when war is declared known. The bedrock of it is our Con- children’s children because they re- or when a joint resolution declares ‘‘a mili- stitution, which sets up three branches sisted the temptation, as Senators and tary conflict which causes an imminent and of Government, with powers that make Representatives have for over 200 serious military threat to national secu- years, to amend our Constitution un- rity.’’ Other emergencies would presumably sure there are checks and balances. be dealt through the provision that Congress This amendment destroys so much of necessarily. So let us not proceed to a view of could approve borrowing by a two-thirds what this country has rested on for vote. short-run popularity but with a vision over 200 years. Republicans back the amendment because So instead of a bumper sticker for of our responsibilities to our constitu- it scores well with focus group participants, the Constitution, what we need is the ents and the Nation in accordance with who don’t understand the difficulties, and wisdom to ask what programs we must our cherished Constitution. with Ross Perot, who doesn’t care. They also cut, and the courage to explain to the Mr. President, first and foremost I hope that limiting the government’s power American people that there is no proce- am going to cast votes on this floor to to borrow will force it to limit spending. Democrats seem pretty much to agree, and dural gimmick that can cut the deficit protect that Constitution, popular or otherwise. I take my oath of office seri- want to voice support for the amendment to or the debt. There is no nice, easy self- appease focus groups while also killing it to serving item. There is only hard work. ously. I appreciate the privilege the people of Vermont have given me to avoid a spending straitjacket. We’re not so But I think the American people would sure. represent them in this body. There is rather have the hard work than have us For one thing, we’ve observed how Euro- nothing I will ever do in my life that fool around with our Constitution. pean politicians, even supposedly conserv- will make me as proud as being in this Yesterday the Wall Street Journal ative ones, have been behaving toward the body representing the people of printed an editorial titled ‘‘Constitu- budget-deficit requirements they imposed on Vermont. As I have told the people of tional boondoggle’’ in its editorial themselves in the Maastricht agreement. To Vermont in each one of my elections, I get within the numerical criteria, the page. The editorial says: will protect the Constitution first and Italians are taking their railroads off and on We do need to get the national debt declin- foremost. As I told them in my last budget; the French government, in return for ing . . . two elections, I will vote against this an infusion of funds this year, assumed pen- I agree. sion obligations running into the far future. constitutional amendment because it Governmental accounting, you see, simply We do need to restrain federal spending. does not protect our country, it de- counts formal government debt; it ignores Again, Mr. President, I agree. means the Constitution, and it lets us unfunded governmental promises. We do need to resolve the Medicare crisis off the hook from doing the things that This is a loophole enormous enough that ... we really should do. Rep. Fernand St Germain could drive half of

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00021 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 the S&L crisis through it in one night in portunity to take his place at this redefine the role of Government in our 1980, when he doubled deposit-insurance lim- point. He wanted to defer to the distin- lives. How much Government do we its. Another enormous loophole is the gov- guished Senator from Nebraska who want? How much do we want Govern- ernment’s ability to offload, or ‘‘mandate,’’ will be giving his maiden speech on the ment to do for us? What do we want costs on corporations, individuals and state Government to do for us? How much and local governments without running any balanced budget amendment in the receipts or outlays through the Washington Senate. I am proud of him for doing so. Government are we willing to pay for? books. And when the bill for Rep. St Ger- It is an honor to all of us that Senator Reducing the role of the Federal Gov- main’s coup suddenly came due in 1989, THURMOND would do this. ernment will require tough choices. A would it really have been better to avoid bor- Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- balanced budget amendment will not rowing and put the rest of the government sent the distinguished Senator from make those tough choices and difficult through a temporary wringer? Nebraska proceed with his remarks, decisions. It is the responsibility of These imperfections might not matter if and then I ask unanimous consent that those of us entrusted by the American the amendment did no harm, but it’s easy the distinguished Senator from Nevada people in leadership positions in this enough to imagine scenarios in which it country to make those tough choices would keep us from doing the economically be allowed to proceed. right thing. Take the proposals by the most Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, certainly and those difficult decisions. However, conservative bloc in the recent Social Secu- the Senator from Nebraska, who has a balanced budget amendment will rity Commission. They would allow current been waiting some time, should go force us to step up to these decisions taxpayers to personally invest part of what next, but perhaps somebody on this and help make us better able and dis- they owe in payroll tax, giving them a better side of the issue might go after the ciplined to make those choices nec- return. But meeting obligations to those re- Senator from Nebraska. essary to ensure a strong future for tiring before their benefits were funded Mr. HATCH. Let me amend my unan- this country. would require a big issue of government The American people are tired of po- debt. The new debt would merely formally imous consent. Mr. LEAHY. The distinguished Sen- litical posturing and partisan rhetoric. recognize current obligations, and the pri- They want action. They want results. vatization would dramatically reduce future ator from Utah and I have had enough obligations. Though this transaction would bills on the floor. It might be good to They want us to do what we said we plainly improve the federal fisc, the balanced go back and forth. would do. We are not here to defend the budget amendment would outlaw it. Mr. HATCH. Senator BRYAN would status quo. We are here to solve prob- Or for that matter, take the Reagan de- like to go after Senator HAGEL, if there lems. We are here to ensure that the fense build-up, which led to victory in the is not another opponent who wishes to taxpayers get the most efficient and ef- Cold War. The balanced budget amendment fective use of their tax dollars. After would have allowed a majority to vote for speak. Mr. LEAHY. If we do not have an- all, the money we spend is not our borrowing if fighting broke out, but not for money. It is not the Senate’s money. It expenditures to deter it. Is this what we other opponent, I am certainly willing want? to yield to the distinguished Senator. is not the President’s money. It is the And take the Reagan tax cuts, which in Mr. HATCH. I wanted to make it American people’s money. They earned combination with Paul Volcker’s tight clear. We will finish here about 5:30 it. They work for it. It is up to us to money, led the country out of 1970s malaise, today, I understand, and certainly we spend it wisely. And right now the conquering inflation without an extended re- want to have both of these Senators American people do not believe that cession. Clearly, deficit projections would Washington spends their money wisely. have prevented the tax changes. give their speech. Mr. LEAHY. I assumed the excite- The American people want us to get Yes, this policy mix gave us deficits, but control of this country’s fiscal policy. the 1980s deficits are themselves a large part ment level would be at such a high level we might want to go on all night, They want fiscal responsibility. of the reason we have a new concern with That is why a balanced budget budget discipline today. Indeed, it seems to but if the distinguished Senator from amendment is so important. It will us that history argues that discipline comes Utah wants to stop, I will contain my force discipline upon the Congress of from forcing governments to borrow, and pay excitement. the United States, a fiscal discipline interest—instead of raising taxes or making Mr. HATCH. We are only doing it to that has been absent since 1969, the last unfunded promises or issuing unfunded man- accommodate our friends on the other dates. Yet in the form passed by the Finance time America balanced its budget; 36 of side who have a dinner. I would like to Committee, the amendment says you need a the last 37 budgets in this country have get the remarks in, and I particularly majority to raise taxes, a majority to de- not been balanced. It will force us to be want to listen to these two Senators. clare a military emergency, but two-thirds honest with the American people. to borrow. I yield to the Senator from Nebraska. As our former colleague, Paul Simon, What President Reagan understood is that The PRESIDING OFFICER. The a strong proponent of the balanced if you limit taxes, spending will sooner or Chair recognizes the junior Senator later have to follow. For permanent budget budget amendment, wrote just last from Nebraska. week in the New York Times: ‘‘Elected discipline, the best idea now on the table is Mr. HAGEL. Thank you, Mr. Presi- officials like to do popular things, and Rep. Joe Barton’s proposal, up for a vote in dent. Let me also add my thanks to the the House April 15, simply to require a two- there is no popular way to balance the thirds vote to raise taxes. If that should distinguished senior Senator from Federal budget.’’ The balanced budget pass, nature will take its course. South Carolina, Senator THURMOND, for amendment will give us the constitu- We do need to get the national debt declin- giving me an opportunity to take his tional discipline to do the right thing. ing as a per cent of economic output. We do place this afternoon in this debate over This debate is about accountability. need to restrain federal spending. We do need the balanced budget amendment. This debate is about responsibility and to solve the Medicare crisis, as Senator Phil Mr. President, I rise today to add my Gramm notes alongside. We do need to look leadership. It is about restoring the strong support for Senate Joint Reso- confidence and trust of the American beyond the year 2002. But these battles have lution 1, the balanced budget amend- to be fought one by one, and can’t be solved people and their Government. by amending the Constitution. The concept ment. I believe Americans want a We have all been called upon to pro- embodied in the proposed amendment meas- smaller, less intrusive Federal Govern- vide leadership. There is no bigger ures nothing useful; it is at best a distrac- ment. They want more freedom from challenge facing the future of this tion, and at worst spreads confusion that the burdens of Government. This is country than paying down our enor- will make the right things harder to do, not America, a country born from a desire mous national debt. easier. to escape the yoke of oppressive gov- During the debate on the balanced Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, Senator ernment. Our Founding Fathers did not budget amendment there will be num- THURMOND, who has worked on the bal- trust government. They trusted the bers and numbers and more numbers. anced budget amendment for all this people. But I ask you to focus on these num- time that he has been in this body, the As we approach a new century, we bers: America made gross interest pay- imminent President pro tempore of have again reached a turning point in ments of $344 billion in fiscal year 1996 this body, who deserves so much credit America’s history. We have been given on our national debt. That’s $344 bil- for even getting it up for us to vote on a charge, as a nation and as representa- lion that was not used to improve our it, has asked that one of our new Sen- tives of the people, to work together to schools, strengthen our national de- ators from Nebraska be given the op- prioritize the role of Government, to fense, protect our environment, or

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00022 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1003 build new transportation systems. And Let’s be honest with the American the reality that there are a finite num- that’s just the annual interest. The people and say it straight. We have to ber of tax dollars available for public only thing that we are doing is paying balance our budget. We cannot con- spending and various proposals would interest on the national debt. We are tinue to pile on to the debt that we are compete on merit and need, not popu- not even beginning to touch the prin- leaving this next generation and then larity. cipal. Each day, we add an average of expect them to be competitive in the The balanced budget amendment $700 million to our national debt that global economy of the 21st century. If would instill legislative accountability already totals $5.3 billion. By the time it takes an amendment to the Con- as the Congress considers various pro- we reach anyone’s plan for a balanced stitution to balance the budget, we posals for increased Federal spending. budget, the national debt will be $7 should have one. Our Framers gave us Currently, there is no real check on trillion. that option. When it was required to do runaway Federal spending, and there The national debt that we are leaving the right thing for the people and the will never be a shortage of legislation for our children and our children and Nation, the Framers gave us amend- creating new Federal programs or ef- grandchildren is the real issue in this ments to the Constitution to help en- forts to increase spending in existing debate. sure that we balance our budget, and programs. Without a balanced budget What we are doing in cheating the we need a balanced budget constitu- amendment, budget deficits over the generations that follow us is immoral. tional amendment. So let’s get at it. long term will continue to rise and the We must put our Government in a posi- Let’s show the American people that Federal debt will continue to grow. There have been times when gestures tion to begin paying down our national we are going to do what we said we were made to bring spending within debt. We must begin to put our fiscal would do. house in order, or our next genera- The future for our next generations our means but those efforts were shortlived. Statutes to reduce Federal tion—and I see young people in the gal- is growth and more economic opportu- spending have not been enough. They leries today—will face a disaster. They nities for all Americans. Only through are too easily cast aside and the Fed- will have a limited future because they growing our economy, cutting taxes, eral Government rolls along on its path will have limited opportunities. This cutting regulation, and cutting Gov- of fiscal irresponsibility. debate is about their future, the future ernment spending will we be able to I am convinced that without the of America, the future of our children pay off our national debt. mandate of a balanced budget amend- and their children. We cannot delay these decisions any ment, Federal spending will continue It strikes me as ironic, Mr. Presi- longer. Generation after generation to eclipse receipts and the American dent, that opponents of the balanced will live with the consequences of our people will continue to shoulder inordi- budget amendment argue that it will actions or our inactions. Will they live nate tax burdens to sustain an indefen- cause cuts in education, Social Secu- with the crushing debt of our indeci- sible Federal appetite for spending. In rity, Medicare, and other programs. sion? Or will they look back and say 1950, an average American family with What they fail to tell the American that we did rise to the occasion and to two children sent $1 out of every $50 it people is that if we do nothing—if we the challenge? Will they say that we earned to the Federal Government. fail to act—deficits and our debt will faced the deficit and the debt honestly Today, the average American family is continue to rise until there is nothing and took action and ensured the sur- spending $1 out of every $4 it earns to left in the Federal budget for edu- vival of the American dream? the Federal Government. cation, entitlement programs, national The magic of America has always Mr. President, we can trace the de- defense, or any other programs—in- been that each generation has done bate on a balanced budget amendment cluding Social Security. better than the last because it had back in our history for 200 years. A de- The real threat to Social Security is more opportunities. I do not want to fining moment may well have been the the national debt. If we don’t act to look my 6-year-old and 4-year-old in appointment of Thomas Jefferson as balance the budget and stop adding to their eyes in 20 years and say to them Minister to France. Thomas Jefferson that debt, then we are truly placing that I was a Member of the U.S. Sen- was abroad when the Constitution was the future of Social Security in jeop- ate, but I didn’t do enough to protect written and he did not attend the con- ardy. their future. stitutional convention. If Jefferson had Furthermore, exempting Social Secu- I will not allow that to be the legacy been in attendance, it is quite possible rity from the balanced budget amend- of this U.S. Senator, nor do I believe that he would have been successful in ment would actually make Social Se- that this is the legacy my distin- having language placed in the Con- curity more vulnerable. We are all well guished colleagues wish to leave to stitution to limit the spending author- aware that Social Security will begin their children, grandchildren, and ity of the Federal Government. Upon to run a deficit of trillions of dollars America. studying the Constitution, Thomas Jef- early in the next century. Taking So- Thank you, Mr. President. ferson wrote in a letter of a change he cial Security off budget would put it Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, so fervently believed should become out on a plank all by itself when that today, we being consideration of a pro- part of the Constitution. He wrote the time comes. Including Social Security posed constitutional amendment to re- following: in our total unified budget calculations quire the Federal Government to I wish it were possible to obtain a single ensures that Congress will have to deal achieve and maintain a balanced budg- amendment to our Constitution. I would be with this crisis before it hits. How can et. willing to depend on that alone for the re- we take America’s largest program off Undoubtedly, it is the desire of every duction of the administration of our govern- budget? Member who supports the balanced ment to the genuine principles of its Con- If Congress took Social Security off budget amendment to see the Federal stitution. I mean an additional article tak- budget deficit eliminated so that we ing from the government the power of bor- budget and ran trillions of dollars of rowing. deficits in it, Congress could still say may begin to cut away at the Federal Further, Jefferson stated, that they balanced the budget. That is debt which is currently over $5.28 tril- ludicrous. That is folly. But, more im- lion. Without a balanced budget To preserve our independence, we must not let our rulers load us with perpetual debt. portant, it’s dishonest. Does anyone amendment, there has been little pres- We must make our election between econ- truly believe that Social Security will sure on the President to submit a bal- omy and liberty, or profusion and servitude. suffer if we balance our budget? Let’s anced budget and on the Congress to Another former President, Andrew get real. Social Security has been, and make tough legislative choices on Fed- Jackson, stated the following, will continue to be, the highest pri- eral spending. I would note that the Once the budget is balanced and the debts ority program in the Federal budget. Republican-controlled Congress is paid off, our population will be relieved from Let me say this as straightforward as working hard to balance the Federal a considerable portion of its present burdens I can. The best thing we can do to en- budget. However, we need a balanced and will find...additional means for the sure a sound future for Social Security budget amendment as part of the Con- display of individual enterprise. and America is balance a unified Fed- stitution. As the Congress authorizes President Harrison described unnec- eral budget. Federal spending, we must understand essary public debt as ‘‘criminal.’’

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00023 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 Mr. President, early American Presi- posed amendment to mandate balanced prove a balanced budget that genuinely dents and public leaders understood the Federal budgets. It is time to act to se- protects the priorities of American dangers of excessive public debt. For cure the future for all Americans. families on key issues, such as Social almost 150 years, balanced budgets or I thank the Chair and yield the floor. Security, Medicare, education, jobs, budget surpluses were the fiscal norm Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, as you health care, and the environment, followed by the Federal Government. can see, this is a very important while achieving the goal of a balanced The unwritten rule followed by Presi- amendment. This is a very important budget in the year 2002. That is what dents and legislators until recently in debate. This particular debate is going American families want and need, not our Nation’s history was to achieve to determine whether this country is a risky and unnecessary constitutional balanced budgets except in wartime. going to go ahead with a fiscally re- amendment that would jeopardize Unfortunately, the role and the size of sponsible Government or whether it these priorities, hamstring the econ- the Federal Government has grown out isn’t. And, frankly, I think it is time omy, and place a straitjacket in the of control. In the past three decades, that we do vote on this and that we do Constitution. the Federal Government has run defi- what is right for our country. Our Republican friends refuse to We are waiting for a couple of Sen- cits in every year except one. Further, admit the extraordinary progress we ators who would like to come and the Federal Government has run defi- have already made under President speak to this. cits in 56 of the last 64 years. Clinton to balance the budget. Twelve The Federal debt has grown as defi- I suggest the absence of a quorum. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The years of Reagan-Bush budgets tripled cits have continued and the debt is now the national debt and quadrupled the over $5.28 trillion. It took this Nation clerk will call the roll. The legislative clerk proceeded to deficit. But in 4 years under President over 200 years to run the first trillion call the roll. Clinton’s leadership, we have reduced dollar debt yet we have recently been Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask the deficit by nearly two-thirds, and adding another trillion dollars to our unanimous consent that the order for the goal of a balanced budget is clearly debt about every 5 years. the quorum call be rescinded. within our grasp. I have been deeply concerned during The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The proposed constitutional amend- my time in the Senate over the growth objection, it is so ordered. ment has several fatal flaws. One of the of the Federal Government. It has been Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I com- most flagrant is the clear threat it too easy for the Congress to pass legis- pliment the distinguished Senator from poses to Social Security. Today, over lation creating new Federal programs Nebraska for his maiden speech on the 43 million senior citizens rely on Social and spending more tax dollars when- floor of the Senate on the balanced Security as a lifeline, and millions ever there is a call for Federal inter- budget amendment. He did a very good more are counting on it for their fu- vention. Of course, the Federal Govern- job. He made a lot of very important ture. Yet the balanced budget constitu- ment has an appropriate role to protect points. I hope everybody in this coun- tional amendment does not protect So- the citizens of this Nation, but it is not try will pay attention to him. cial Security—it endangers it. realistic to believe that Washington This is a fellow who has sacrificed for For over a decade, beginning with the should respond to every perceived prob- his country. He was a war hero. He has Reagan administration when Social Se- lem with a new Federal approach. This been much decorated. He decided he curity first came under heavy hostile Nation has drifted from its original wanted to run for the U.S. Senate so he fire from some members of the Repub- foundations as a national government could make a difference, and he made a lican Party, large bipartisan majorities of limited authority. I believe the real difference here today. I personally in both the Senate and the House of adoption of a balanced budget amend- commend him for it and thank him for Representatives have consistently ment will do much to return us to a it. dealt with that threat by providing more limited Federal Government and Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, while I clear protection for that basic pro- decentralized authority and the man- disagree with the position of the distin- gram. Major legislation in 1983, 1985, dates of such an amendment will in- guished Senator from Nebraska, I, too, and 1990 all protected Social Security crease legislative accountability. A compliment him on his first speech. He by placing it outside the regular budg- balanced budget amendment is the sin- obviously had given great thought to it et process. Yet this proposed constitu- gle most important addition we can and to his position. It was sort of in the tional amendment would undo all those propose to the Constitution to begin dim recesses of my own memory of the protections, and put Social Security on reducing the size of the Federal Gov- first time I spoke on the floor. I know the chopping block with all other pro- ernment. it is a special time. I applaud him for grams. Mr. President, we have seen the na- waiting to speak on this matter. When we were considering the mark- tional debt and deficits rise in large Whichever side we are on, we all agree up of the balanced budget amendment, part because the Federal Government that it is a very serious matter. I made this point. Those who took a has grown. The first $100 billion budget I notice that the distinguished senior different position said, ‘‘Well, Social in the history of the Nation occurred in Senator from Massachusetts is on the Security will be protected in any event 1962. This was almost 180 years after floor and wishes to speak. Following because of the existing statutes.’’ But the Nation was founded. Yet, it took the sort of informal arrangement the what they fail to understand is that we only 9 years, from 1962 to 1971, for the Senator from Utah and I have worked are talking about a constitutional Federal budget to reach $200 billion. out, trying to go back and forth, I will amendment that will override those Then, the Federal budget continued to yield to the Senator from Massachu- particular statutes. Those statutes will skyrocket; $300 billion in 1975, $500 bil- setts. lion in 1979, $800 billion in 1983, and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The be ineffective because of the new con- first $1 trillion budget in 1987. The Chair recognizes the Senator from Mas- stitutional mandate. budget for fiscal year 1996 was over $1.5 sachusetts [Mr. KENNEDY]. We will erode the protections af- trillion. Federal spending has gripped Mr. KENNEDY. Mr. President, I forded Social Security in the past. The Congress as a narcotic but it is time to thank the Senator from Vermont. Mr. protections recommended by the Social break the habit and restore order to President, I support a balanced budget, Security Commission in 1983, which the fiscal policy of this Nation. but I oppose this constitutional amend- were effectively adopted in the Two years ago, we were only one vote ment. It is unnecessary, unwise, and Gramm–Rudman-Hollings budget stat- short of the votes needed to pass the untimely. At the very moment when ute and restated, with bipartisan sup- balanced budget amendment. We now Congress is about to balance the Fed- port, in 1990. These are important have another opportunity to send the eral budget the right way, our Repub- pieces of legislation that clearly said balanced budget amendment to the lican friends are attempting to do it that Social Security is different. American people for ratification. I the wrong way, by writing an inflexible Social Security is special. Social Se- hope we do not fail the American peo- requirement into the Constitution. curity represents dollars paid in by ple on this historic opportunity and in- Tomorrow, President Clinton will workers with the clear understanding stead present to the States our pro- give Congress an opportunity to ap- and effective guarantee that they will

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00024 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1005 be paid back at retirement. Social Se- mists, including 7 Nobel prize winners, I’m convinced the people will see curity is different, as all of us well un- have condemned the amendment as an through it as this debate continues. derstand, from other provisions of leg- unacceptable risk to the health of the Mr. President, I look forward later in islation—direct appropriations and the economy. this debate to have the chance to de- discretionary budget, which funds, for As Secretary of the Treasury Bob bate the issues on Social Security, the example, education programs, NIH, the Rubin told the Senate Judiciary Com- enforcement provision, how this meas- military, and the entitlement pro- mittee, the amendment would ‘‘subject ure would tend to force amendments, grams, plus the interest on the debt. As the Nation to unacceptable economic and we will work with the leadership, much as I strongly support the com- risks in perpetuity * * *. A balanced Senators LEAHY and HATCH, to offer mitments at NIH or the Pell Grant budget amendment could turn slow- those amendments in a timely way to Program, citizens do not pay into those downs into recessions, and recessions permit Members to engage in this de- programs expecting to get something into more severe recessions or even de- bate. back in the future. pressions.’’ I yield the floor. That is why, Mr. President, it has Mr. President, we have seen an ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The been the time-honored position of this panding and growing economy in re- Chair recognizes the Senator from Ne- body—with bipartisan support—to cent years. It has worked very well for vada. place a firewall around Social Secu- an important percentage of the Amer- Mr. BRYAN. Mr. President, I thank rity. But not under the balanced budg- ican people. It has not worked as well the Chair. I note by way of a prefacing comment et amendment. It is right in there for all working families in this coun- the amendment that we are debating is along with other programs, eligible for try. We acknowledge that. That is an a significant one. Obviously, there is the chopping block. area which I think we have to give going to be prolonged and thoughtful This proposal could easily force the greater focus and attention. But we do debate on the merits of Senate Joint Federal Government to stop making not have the dramatic swings that we Resolution 1, as is appropriate. payments on Social Security checks. experienced at other times in our eco- I note that not all Democrats agree As House sponsors of the amendment nomic history. Times that had a disas- with the position I take in support of have admitted, ‘‘The President would trous effect on working families—in this amendment, and not all members be bound, at the point at which the particular, working families at the of the same family agree. The very able Government runs out of money, to stop lower level of the economic ladder. So and distinguished senior Senator from issuing checks.’’ That would be a dis- why are we putting them at risk with Massachusetts has made an eloquent aster for senior citizens on fixed in- the balanced budget amendment? The statement here just moments ago in comes who count on Social Security to wealthiest individuals are not going to opposition. His articulate and able pay their rent, buy their food, or pay be hurt if their Social Security check nephew joined us at a press conference their heating bills. is cut or the Pell Grant program is re- earlier today with equal vigor arguing How can any senior citizen count on duced. Working families will be at risk. for its ratification. So this will have Republican pledges that say, ‘‘Trust us. And the working poor have the most to some ramifications, I am sure, in terms We won’t hurt Social Security’’? Our lose because, if this country is put into of the process here in Washington. answer is clear—stop dissembling a depression, they are the ones who Mr. KENNEDY. Will the Senator about Social Security. Stop playing will forfeit their jobs and the oppor- yield? this phony shell game with Social Se- tunity to provide for their families. Mr. BRYAN. I am happy to yield. curity. We all know how to protect So- This amendment could spell disaster Mr. KENNEDY. I appreciate the com- cial Security—so I say, protect it. for working families during times of ment. It is two out of three. We have The second fatal flaw surrounding recession. The amendment turns off two out of three members of the family this amendment is the pretense of the economy’s automatic stabilizers. who oppose it. But I appreciate the broad public approval. Proponents That could cause unemployment to rise Senator’s pointing out the one member claim the amendment has widespread dramatically. of the family. We will have a chance to support among families in commu- It is estimated that the unemploy- talk to him. nities across the country. The polls ment rate in the 1992 recession would Mr. HATCH. Will the Senator yield? seem—but only seem—to confirm that. have risen to 9 percent, instead of 7.7 Mr. BRYAN. I will be happy to yield A balanced budget constitutional percent, and an additional 1 million to the Senator. amendment does have superficial ap- Americans would have been thrown Mr. HATCH. I think we see some peal. It sounds good in a sound bite, into the unemployment lines. What hope for the Kennedy family. but it can’t survive serious debate. sense does it make to pass a fell-good Mr. BRYAN. I do not want to trans- Families don’t balance their budgets constitutional amendment that could gress and separate that wall of separa- this way. If they did, they could never have harsh and extreme consequences tion between church and state, but I buy a home through a mortgage, or like that? think there may be a period of redemp- borrow money to send their children to Proponents claim that Congress tion here for those who have not yet college or to buy a car. would act in time to avoid any eco- been enlightened by our view. That is the family budget. We hear, nomic emergency. Does anyone seri- It is always a pleasure to engage the ‘‘Well, the families have to account for ously believe that? Under the three- Senator from Massachusetts in con- their funding.’’ They do, and we should. fifths rule in this amendment, a willful versation because I know that he advo- And we will under President Clinton’s minority could hold the economy and cates from a position of conviction, budget. But to say that the families of the entire country hostage indefi- sincerely a colleague whom I respect this country do not mortgage their nitely. even though in this particular case I homes and pay off the debt over a pe- The House sponsors of the amend- find myself in disagreement with his riod of time or borrow to send their ment have acknowledged this problem. position. children to college or to buy a car is They admit the amendment would have Mr. President, this debate will cli- misstating and misrepresenting what is the effect of ‘‘lowering the blackmail max later this month when the Senate really happening on Main Street USA. threshold * * * from 50 percent plus tries to muster the 67 votes necessary Our Republican friends should not be one in either body to 40 percent plus to make this the 28th amendment to lulled into a false sense of public sup- one.’’ That is the height of irrespon- the Constitution. The outcome of this port for this phony amendment. When sible government. vote will have historic consequences families across America realize its I say, let’s work together, on both which will significantly affect this flaws, this amendment will flunk the sides of the aisle, to pass an honest bal- country for decades to come. If we are kitchen table test. anced budget that protects the Na- successful in getting this amendment The third fatal flaw in this amend- tion’s priorities, protects the economy, added to our Constitution, it will be ment is its threat to the economy. Re- and protects the Constitution too. this Congress’ legacy to the history publicans tell us that this proposal is Amending the Constitution is a trans- books and to our children and our good for families. But over 1,000 econo- parent partisan political gimmick, and grandchildren.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00025 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 The President spoke eloquently last mated. Balanced budget amendments trillion to over $5 trillion. That rep- evening in his State of the Union Ad- are not alien to our Government. In resents $20,000 for every American, dress. I have known the President for fact, almost all States have balanced man, woman, and child. This has taken at least 15 years, when he and I served budget requirements either in their place in an era when our country has as chief executive officers of our re- constitutions or in their statutes. not been at war and has enjoyed rel- spective States, and I have never heard As Governor of Nevada, I was re- atively healthy economic conditions. him speak more eloquently. I believe it quired to balance the State’s budget. It No one can claim national emergency is the most eloquent of the State of the was not always an easy task, particu- necessitated running these deficits. Union Messages that I have heard as a larly during the economic slowdown of Many in Washington believe there is Member of this body. He spoke at con- the early 1980’s which affected my own now a true commitment to fiscal dis- siderable length about our children and State of Nevada and many other cipline. On the Federal level, in the the 21st century. We are part of the States. The year that I was elected last few years there has been some 20th century. As he pointed out, those Governor, in 1982, the recession had cause for optimism. For the first time who are born this year will have little reached its low point in my State, and since before the American Civil War, or no memory of the century that has in January 1983, as I assumed office, we for four consecutive years, the annual been the governing influence in the were not sure in that first month deficit has declined. The President can lives of every Member of this institu- whether we could handle the payroll take credit for that as well as the Con- tion and those who report our actions for State government. It was close. It gress for actions that have been taken. for this generation. was nip and tuck. What we do not hear is that in the I believe with equal sincerity that It is always the lot of those who seek current budget year we are developing, the action we take on this amendment support for programs, many of which I the deficits will begin to rise again, is, likewise, for our children and their support, many of which the Members of and so they will in each successive year legacy so that they may have the same this Chamber are supportive of, it is al- to the year 2002. That success has been economic opportunities we have. It is ways the nature of those groups to ask achieved as a result of a number of my sense, and I will speak to this more more than they know you can provide, things that we have done in the Con- in just a moment, that we foreclose and Governors have the responsibility gress and in an economy that has en- and mortgage their future if we do not reinforced with a balanced budget pro- joyed a surprising long run in growth. arrest a trend that has been institu- vision, notwithstanding those requests The deficit has been cut in half from tionalized with both Democratic and and the merit of many of them, to sim- its projected level just 4 years ago and Republican administrations and with ply say I would love to do it, I would the deficit has fallen from 4.9 percent Democratic and Republican Con- like to do it, but we simply cannot do of the gross domestic product in 1992 to it because we do not have the money to gresses. 1.4 percent in 1996. As I commented earlier this month do it and we have to operate within the I know, and I think every Member of at a press conference with my able col- revenue stream that we have. this Chamber knows, it is going to be That is the way we conduct our per- league, the distinguished chairman of extremely difficult, but we must com- sonal affairs, in business and private the Judiciary Committee, both the plete the task and balance the budget life. We lack that institutional dis- White House and the Congress have by 2002. I am pleased to note and to cipline, it seems to me, here at the supported a balanced budget. Demo- sense a strong bipartisan will to Federal level. And I say that without crats and Republicans in the Congress achieve this goal. When we debate the respect to partisanship. That is true support a balanced budget. It has be- budget resolution and 13 appropriations with Democratic and Republican ad- come the Holy Grail, if you will, of bills later this year, our will to achieve ministrations alike. a balanced budget by 2002 will be sorely American political strategy to reach a My experience born out of that time balanced budget. Suffice it to say, our is that a balanced budget requirement tested. I am optimistic, and I am hope- track record has not been particularly instills fiscal discipline in a system ful we will rise to that challenge. If we can balance the budget by 2002, impressive. In 59 of the last 67 years, that is otherwise predisposed to avoid some may ask, why do we need a bal- we have failed to balance the budget, making hard, unpopular choices, and anced budget constitutional amend- and as a consequence these numbers for the most part States have per- ment? The simple answer is that this are staggering. I want to talk to that formed admirably when it comes to fis- amendment is in the form of an insur- issue a little bit more in a moment. cal responsibility. We cannot say the ance policy that Congress will live up I do not underestimate the serious- same for the Federal Government in re- ness of an undertaking to amend the cent history. to its good intentions. The amendment Constitution. We have only done so 27 In our country’s first 150 years, there will keep our feet to the fire. While I times in our history, and so we should was almost an unwritten rule that the respect the good intention of Members approach this carefully and analyt- Federal Government should balance its of Congress, history has proven that in ically. This will and should be a budget. The United States Government the past three-quarters of a century we lengthy debate, with serious consider- ran deficits during the War of 1812, the have not been up to the challenge. As I ation given to legitimate points of Civil War and the Spanish-American indicated a moment ago, in 59 of the view, but in the final analysis I believe War, to name a few occasions. But in last 67 years, the Federal Government it is imperative that Congress send to other periods the Federal Government has spent more money than it took in. the States some form of a balanced ran surpluses to reduce its outstanding Additionally, since 1978, Congress has budget amendment. Other approaches debts. On the whole, only emergencies enacted five statutes requiring a bal- have been tried and failed, but for the justified running deficits. However, in anced Federal budget—clearly good in- future economic well-being of our the past 36 years, the Federal Govern- tentions. But Federal statutes have not country, our children, and our grand- ment has balanced its budget only worked, which is why I believe an children, we must take this step. once, in fiscal year 1969, and has failed amendment to the Constitution is the The wording of the resolution is in 59 of the last 67 years. next logical and necessary step we straightforward and the text is barely That is not an impressive record. must take. If we have the desire to bal- two pages long. Under Senate Joint None of us ought to be proud of that ance the budget, why have we had so Resolution 1, total Federal spending record. Let me emphasize, because this much difficulty in achieving this goal? must not exceed total Federal revenues is bipartisan, that occurred under Re- While people in theory support a bal- for each year unless a 60-percent super- publican administrations, Democrat anced budget, I am sure my colleagues majority of those elected in both the administrations, Republican Con- share the same experience that I have House and the Senate vote to allow the gresses, and Democrat Congresses. So had. At every townhall meeting, if Congress to authorize a specific institutionally we all share the failure asked, ‘‘Do you favor the Federal Gov- amount of deficit spending. in being able to achieve that balanced ernment balancing its budget?’’ The While the wording is straightforward, budget. answer is overwhelmingly in the af- the significance in terms of its impact Since 1980, the accumulated Federal firmative. But when it comes down to on our country cannot be overesti- debt has skyrocketed from less than $1 specific cuts, it is interesting that that

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00026 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1007 same townhall meeting will say, ‘‘But I that is whether Social Security should the Social Security System. The worst don’t want you to cut here.’’ And in an be included in a balanced budget option for the long-term viability of audience of a couple hundred people, amendment. Social Security, in my opinion, would there are probably a dozen programs I believe Social Security should be be to continue with the status quo and that those of our constituents who removed from the balanced budget fail to enact a balanced budget amend- come to these meetings suggest: Bal- amendment. I do not do this lightly, ment. ance the budget but don’t make any because removing the Social Security Let me just embellish upon that for a cuts in these respective programs. surpluses will make it more difficult in moment. I know that many of my col- They, like past Congresses, shy away our task of balancing the budget. The leagues will be joining me in sup- from the hard choices. surplus for 1996 was approximately $60 porting an amendment to take Social Unfortunately, the consequences of billion. But whether Social Security Security off budget, and I believe they failing to make the hard choices are ei- should be taken out of the balanced are sincere in desiring to protect So- ther very subtle or are not felt for budget amendment depends on how you cial Security. But I must say, I find it years or decades. While cuts in food view the Social Security system. If you difficult to follow the logic that if stamps or home heating assistance are believe it to be a pay-as-you-go system there is not sufficient votes to take So- felt immediately and energize a spe- where today’s workers’ payroll taxes cial Security off budget in this con- cific constituency, a point or two rise should go to pay the benefits of today’s stitutional amendment, that somehow in interest rates caused by deficit retirees, then Social Security should voting against a balanced budget in spending is hidden. Some of the Amer- remain a part of the overall budget, some way protects Social Security. ican people have to make the connec- and that is an honest, philosophical I have been a Member of this body tion between large Federal budget defi- point of view. If, however, you believe since 1989. I have seen budgets sub- cits and higher interest rates. These the funds being taken out of today’s mitted by a Republican and a Demo- higher interest rates have a dramatic workers’ payrolls should be set aside cratic President, and we will see a impact on the American family’s bot- for their retirement, years from now, budget submitted to us tomorrow by tom line. In fact, DRI-McGraw-Hill es- then Social Security should be taken this President. Each President has sub- timates that interest rates will drop by out of budget. mitted as part of a budget proposal to 2 percent if we balance the budget. This In fact, Congress has spoken on this us the Social Security surplus. So to- will save an average family $2,169 per issue and, in 1990, enacted legislation morrow, the $60 billion that represents year in mortgage interest, $180 on an to take Social Security out of the uni- this year’s surplus will be included in auto loan, and $216 on a typical student fied budget. But my support for taking the spending plan that is recommended loan. Social Security out of the balanced to the Congress. But the most insidious effects of def- budget amendment is based on my con- So the notion that somehow if we fail icit spending are the larger and larger viction that we must start putting to adopt a balanced budget amendment burdens we pass on to the next genera- aside money for future retirees or we we are protecting Social Security, I tion. In just a decade, the deficit has will face, as a country, financial ca- must say, is an argument the logic of gone from $8,000 for every man, woman, lamity. The math does not work out, which I do not understand. We are cur- and child in this country to more than for there will be far too few workers to rently using that surplus in the Social $20,000 this year. We are burdening fu- support far too many retirees when the Security budget to finance the oper- ture generations with the tab for our baby boom generation retires in the ational expenses of the Federal Govern- inability to bite the bullet, to make next century. ment. Republican Presidents have done the hard choices. Finally, we currently have 3.2 work- it; Democratic Presidents have done it. Our inability to balance the budget ers for every retiree. In the year 2030, And in my view, it is a misguided no- has had a compounding effect. Each we will have only two workers for tion that we protect Social Security by year we fail to do so, the job becomes every retiree, and young people today rejecting a balanced budget amend- harder the next year, as we have to pay are rightfully skeptical about what ment that does not contain the off- more to service the national debt. In will be left to pay for their retirement. budget language. the past 20 years, the percentage of our One way to restore their confidence Mr. President, this Congress has a budget that goes to servicing the debt would be to truly set aside their pay- historic opportunity to take action has risen from 7 to 15 percent. We lose roll contribution by taking it out of a that will positively affect this country 15 percent of our budget just paying for balanced budget amendment. This for generations to come. If we fail, I am the excesses of the past and just the in- would prohibit the Federal Govern- afraid we will continue to push finan- terest, none of that retiring the prin- ment from using Social Security sur- cial burdens on those who come after cipal which is now approximately $5.3 pluses when it balances the budget, and us. Let this Congress’ legacy be that it trillion. Social Security would look more like a took bold action and that it did so in a Put another way, $1 in every $6 of our traditional retirement system. bipartisan way, and that by so doing, Federal budget goes to paying interest Over the next several weeks the Sen- we protect the future economic well- on our more than $5 trillion national ate will engage in serious debate over being of all Americans. I urge my col- debt. Before the first school lunch is the issue of excluding Social Security leagues to enact Senate Joint Resolu- paid for, before another road is paved, from a balanced budget amendment. tion 1. before much-needed repair is under- While I support such an amendment, I As I said at the outset, I do not take taken on our neglected National Park believe it is vital that we pass a bal- amending our Constitution lightly, but System, we spend in gross interest pay- anced budget amendment, even if it I feel, in light of the circumstances of ments alone, $300 billion as the cost of does not exclude Social Security. The our recent history, it is the only re- servicing our national debt. It is the worst thing we can do for Social Secu- sponsible course of action. History has second largest Federal spending item, rity is to fail to pass any balanced shown us that good intentions, Federal following Social Security, and is equal budget amendment. statutory enactments have failed to do to almost one-half of our personal in- Without the fiscal discipline provided the job. A balanced budget amendment come taxes paid to the Federal Govern- by the amendment, we will never be will bring about the fiscal discipline ment. Yet we have nothing to show for able to keep our budget in order. our country so desperately needs, and I it. If we have learned nothing else from urge my colleagues, Democrats and Re- While there is little disagreement on our past budget problems, it should be publicans alike, to join with us in en- the evils of budget deficits, there is a that putting off the solution only acting a constitutional amendment serious disagreement and debate over makes matters more difficult to rec- that will balance the Federal budget in whether Senate Joine Resolution 1 ad- tify. A little pain now helps us to avoid the year 2002, and, by so doing, ensure dresses specific concerns people have. I a lot of pain later. The fiscal discipline that our children and our grand- want to address one that is very sen- of the balanced budget amendment will children will enjoy the economic op- sitive and certainly worthy of being make it much easier for us to respon- portunities that have been the privi- discussed and carefully considered, and sibly assure the long-term solvency of lege of our generation to enjoy.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 I yield the floor. it and no balanced budget requirement. line. That figure has doubled over the Mr. HATCH addressed the Chair. You can just imagine what we are last 20 years, as has the number of peo- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- going to be able to show seniors what ple who work full time, 40 hours a ator from Utah. is going to happen to that fund if you week, 52 weeks a year, and still are Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I will take it off budget. poor. only take a moment, because the dis- I thank the Senator. Mr. President, minorities are poorer tinguished Senator from Minnesota Mr. WELLSTONE addressed the than the rest of Americans. African wishes to make a statement on the Chair. Americans are close to 30 percent and other side of the issue. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Hispanics at a little over 30 percent. I thank my colleague from Nevada ator from Minnesota. And 44.6 percent of children who lived for an excellent set of remarks. He is a Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I in families that are female-headed fam- tremendous leader on this issue, the won’t make some of the arguments ilies were poor in 1994. Almost half of principal cosponsor of this amendment that have been made in opposition to all children who were poor live in fe- on the Democratic side of the aisle. I this amendment. With all due respect male-headed households. Women are thank him for all the work he has done to my colleagues, we can look back disproportionately among the ranks of and the excellent remarks that he has with a sense of history, and I think the poor in America. There is a conver- made. It means an awful lot to all of there is probably plenty of blame on gence between race and gender and us. both sides—I am glad to say I wasn’t poverty and children. Mr. BRYAN. I thank my colleague here during most of that history— Mr. President, when I introduce my from Utah for his generous remarks. I about budgets that were not in bal- amendments in this debate that will look forward to working with him and ance. But the fact of the matter is, peo- ensue over the next couple of weeks, I our other colleagues in seeing this ple in our country have made it really am going to talk in very concrete measure is enacted into law. clear that they want to see us get our terms about what it means to be poor Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I would fiscal house in order. We can do that, in America. like to take a few seconds to point out we should do that, and we don’t need Context, Time magazine, ‘‘Special this little stack. This is only 28. This this amendment. Report: How A Child’s Brain Develops, stack is only 28 of the unbalanced I do, in a moment, want to talk And What It Means for Child Care and budgets since 1969. We were afraid to about who is at risk and exactly what Welfare Reform.’’ This is startling. put up the ones before 1969, which was kind of priorities I believe this amend- This is medical evidence that is irre- the last year when we had a balanced ment is going to lock us into, which I ducible and irrefutable, and the evi- budget in this country. So those who don’t think are the priorities and val- dence says that the first 3 years are get up and say, ‘‘Well, we just simply ues of people in our country. critical. We have to make sure that, first of all, women that are expecting ought to have the will to do it,’’ look PRIVILEGE OF THE FLOOR children have an adequate diet. Other- at this stack. We are going to have to Before I do that, I ask unanimous wise, their children at birth may not take it down because we are afraid consent that Jordan Cross, who is an have the opportunity and the chance somebody will get hurt. We wanted the intern, be granted privilege of the floor that is the very essence of the Amer- American people to see just what they for the duration of this debate. ican dream. And if children do not have have lived with for 28 solid years, and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without an adequate diet during these early that doesn’t even count the years be- objection, it is so ordered. years, and decent health care, and chil- fore. It is pitiful for people to stand up Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, as dren do not get a smart start and have and say, ‘‘Well, we don’t need a bal- we turn our thoughts to the new cen- nurturing care and stimulation by age anced budget amendment.’’ That is tury—and I have a different context 3, it may very well be that they will pitiful, too, about this debate—we can celebrate a never be able to fully participate in the Mr. DOMENICI. I wonder if Senator great deal. The past 100 years have seen economic and political and social and HATCH will yield for 1 minute. massive improvements in the quality cultural life of our Nation. Mr. HATCH. I yield to the distin- of our national life, American leader- What does this have to do with this guished chairman of the Budget Com- ship in getting the world past mur- debate? Let me be clear about who is at mittee. derous global conflict and successful risk. According to the Center on Budg- Mr. DOMENICI. Mr. President, I say transcendence of economic crisis. et and Policy Priorities—by the way, to my fellow Senators, I happened to be Our population is more diverse than Bob Greenstein and the work of this or- on ‘‘Meet the Press’’ on Sunday. I ever, and at midcentury, we dismantled ganization is impeccable. All of us on couldn’t put all 29 unbalanced budgets the legal framework encasing our both sides of the aisle have a tremen- there, but I put a couple. Frankly, I de- original sin of State-sanctioned rac- dous amount of respect for their work. scribed this episode in American his- ism. We are, in many varied ways, a According to the Center on Budget tory as 29 years of engagement where model for much of the world. and Policy Priorities, more than 93 per- we have been engaged with the Amer- But there is at least one way in cent of the budget reductions in enti- ican people and to the American people which we are not a model, one area in tlement programs in the 104th Congress on a balanced budget, and, as I put it, which in recent times we have been came from programs for low-income the time has come to get married, to moving in the wrong direction. That is people. Congress reduced entitlement tie the knot. The engagement has been in fulfilling our national vow of equal programs by $65.6 billion over the pe- too long, 29 years. opportunity. riod from 1996 to 2002. Of that amount, My second point is, for those who are We said in 1776 that every American $61 billion out of the $65 billion came listening and frequently see some of us should have the right to life, liberty, out of low-income entitlement pro- speak to these issues on the floor, be- and the pursuit of happiness. In 1997, grams. Entitlement programs not tar- fore you believe the statements coming that national commitment is in need of geted on low-income households were from those who oppose this constitu- refurbishing and renewal. Mr. Presi- reduced only $4.6 billion—whether it tional amendment that by taking it off dent, I will explain in a moment why I was nutrition, whether it was health budget you make it more secure and start out with this context. care, whether it was early childhood more safe, just be patient. Some of us More than 35 million Americans—1 development. will convince you that by taking it off out of every 7 of our fellow citizens— I will tell you what was interesting. budget, you put the Social Security are officially poor. More than one out Those citizens in this country who do trust fund at risk and pensions for the of every four children in our country not have the political power, who do future at risk, because they will be today are poor. One out of every two not hire the lobbyists, who are not the subject to exclusively the will of a Con- children of color are poor in America heavy hitters—let me make a connec- gress. today. And the poor are getting poorer. tion to campaign finance reform, who That is all you need to worry about is In 1994, of the poor children under the were not the big givers—they are the to put a trust fund out there that has age of 6, nearly half lived in families ones who disproportionately were money and let Congress have ahold of with incomes below half the poverty asked to pay the price.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00028 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1009 We had deficit reduction—talking gram provided assistance in 1996 for 7.3 reassurance and, more importantly, about how to balance the budget— million women, infants, and children. how about giving people in our country based on the path of least political re- However, it was only 60 percent of the reassurance that when we do this we sistance. It was not the oil companies. eligible population, and 11 million will make sure, one more time, that It was not the pharmaceutical compa- mothers and children were eligible. Federal outlays shall not be reduced in nies. It was not the big insurance com- Only 7.2 million were covered, leaving 4 a manner that disproportionately af- panies. But it was children, dispropor- million women, infants, and children fects outlays for education, nutrition tionately low-income citizens and dis- vulnerable and not benefiting from the and health care programs for children; proportionately poor children in Amer- Women, Infants, and Children Pro- that we go on record that we are not ica. gram. going to cut benefits that deal with the Mr. President, therefore, the first We all know what the evidence sug- Women, Infants, and Children Pro- amendment that I am going to offer, gests. And so my amendment just sim- gram; that we are going to make sure which I think is a litmus test for all of ply says, we will exempt that from the that a woman expecting a child has an us—I hope I will get support from the definition of outlays for balanced budg- adequate diet; that we are not going to other side of the aisle—will read as fol- et calculations, thus protecting this make cuts in Head Start, we are going lows: ‘‘This amendment would exempt program. Are we going to protect it or to make sure these children are given a outlays that would disproportionately not? I want to hear people tell me why head start; and we are not going to affect nutrition, health care, and edu- we would not go on record saying we make cuts in educational programs. It cation programs.’’ would protect it. is real simple. It is up-or-down votes. Mr. President, this is an amendment The third amendment that I am I want to know exactly where my that basically says that we want to going to lay out on the floor: ‘‘Funding colleagues want to take our country make sure we would exempt outlays for Head Start shall be exempted from with this constitutional amendment to that would disproportionately affect the definition of outlays for balanced balance the budget. I want to know the nutrition, health care, and edu- budget calculations, thus protecting what the priorities are. I want to know cational programs and status of chil- such spending from cuts under the bal- where the cuts are going to be. My un- dren. anced budget amendment.’’ derstanding, and I will talk much more Mr. President, it is a simple amend- Mr. President, in 1996, Head Start about this when I bring the amend- ment. We have been hearing speeches served 796,500 children. According to ments to the floor, is that the majority in which all of us have talked about the Census Bureau, there were roughly party, roughly speaking, has about $500 education and children. We love to 2 million American children living in billion of tax cuts, most of it acceler- have photo opportunities with chil- poverty. That leaves 1,200,000 children ated beyond the year 2002—my col- dren. This amendment just says, ‘‘OK, who were still unserved. league is shaking his head. We can if you’re going to lock us in to a bal- This program, which gives children have a debate upon that, and I will be anced budget, I think we need to get a just what the title says it does, a head very reassured if that is not the case. commitment, based upon the record of start, reached only 17 percent of eligi- Mr. President, if we have hundreds of the 104th Congress, that you are not ble 3-year-olds and only 41 percent of billions of dollars, even if it is not $500 going to make disproportionate cuts in eligible 4-year-olds. The medical evi- billion, in tax cuts and then the trade- programs that deal with the edu- dence is in. These are the ages where off is going to be cuts, but where? What cational, health care, and nutritional we need to support these children. is going to be the offset? They do not status of children.’’ Everyone should These children, just because they come want to go after the corporate welfare. vote yes for that. from poor households, deserve every bit Let us go on record. Let us be clear They do not want to go after the Pen- that we are not going to target for of support we can give them. tagon budget. They want to have hun- This amendment lays itself on the cuts, we are not going to target for dreds of billions of dollars of tax cuts, line. If you are going to support this pain poor children in America, that we most of it benefiting high-income, amendment to balance the budget and will not make those disproportionate wealthy people. Where will the cuts be? lock us in, then I want a commitment cuts in nutritional programs for those In the last Congress almost all cuts children, in health care programs for from this Senate that we will not tar- focused on low-income families, low-in- those children, in educational pro- get these children and we will not have come children, educational programs. grams and early childhood programs cuts in this vital program that gives All those programs were in jeopardy for those children. children a head start, some of the most last time. I think this amendment speaks to a vulnerable poor children in America. This time I think we need a reassur- very real concern that people have in Finally, Mr. President, another ance and we need a strong vote in favor this country. Exactly what is the agen- amendment—and these are just four I of each of these amendments so that da here? am going to preview. ‘‘Funding for edu- we can have a reassurance for many, Mr. President, the second amend- cation shall be exempted from the defi- many citizens in our country. The ment—let me repeat the first amend- nition of outlays for balanced budget goodness of America says do not cut ment one more time: ‘‘Federal outlays calculations, thus protecting such Head Start. The goodness of America shall not be reduced in a manner that spending from cuts under the balanced says do not cut the Women, Infants, disproportionately affects outlays for budget amendment.’’ and Children Program. The goodness of education, nutrition, and health care I heard the President last night talk- America says do not cut health care programs for children.’’ ing about education. I heard the Presi- programs that will affect the status of That should be an amendment that I dent last night talking about early children. The goodness of America says should get support on from both sides childhood development. Senators were do not make disproportionate cuts in of the aisle. ‘‘Federal outlays shall not on their feet applauding. So I am just any of those programs. They have be reduced in a manner that dispropor- saying since I saw what we did last worked. They are important. They are tionately affects outlays for education, Congress, I saw where we made the vital. nutrition, and health care programs for cuts, I want to hear Senators argue I hope I will get 100 votes for each of children.’’ with me that, if there is another posi- these amendments. If not, then my col- Mr. President, the second amend- tion here—almost all those cuts af- leagues will be making their point. My ment that I am going to offer is that fected low-income citizens. Almost all colleagues will be saying we refuse to ‘‘Funding for the Women, Infants, and those cuts affected poor children in vote for an amendment that puts us on Children Program shall be exempted America, the very citizens who do not record that we will not reduce Federal from the definition of outlays for bal- get to the bargaining table, the very outlays in a manner that dispropor- anced budget calculations, thus pro- citizens who do not march on Wash- tionately affects outlays for education, tecting such spending from cuts under ington, DC, the very citizens who do nutrition, and health programs for a balanced budget amendment.’’ not have lobbyists. children. I cannot imagine why any Mr. President, it is pretty simple. So I say to my colleagues who sup- Senator would vote against such an The Women, Infants, and Children Pro- port this, how about giving me some amendment. We should go on record

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00029 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1010 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 and let the goodness of the Senate Minnesota wants and many, many to spend on programs like those the speak out on these amendments. more. Senator from Minnesota advances. I look forward to coming to the floor That is what the debate is about The American people now agree with with each of these amendments. I will today. This debate is not about us. Mr. President, 70 or 80 percent plus have much supporting evidence. I want Women, Infants, and Children. This de- of the American people say a balanced to talk about what happened in the bate is not about Head Start. This de- budget is critical. President Clinton last Congress. I want to go over exactly bate is about fiscal responsibility. This said last night he was sending us a bal- where we made the cuts, and I want to debate is about making tough policy anced budget tomorrow. I bet he funds see if I can get my colleagues to make choices. WIC, and I bet he funds Head Start, and a commitment that we will not con- I am amazed that the Senator from I bet inside that budget is Social Secu- tinue down this path. I really do be- Minnesota would fear the constitu- rity. This President, our President, lieve that the vast majority of people tional amendment, as eloquent as he is last night said that was a balanced in America think it would be wrong to on the issues that he is impassioned budget. make more cuts in programs like WIC about, because he can appeal to me and A few moments ago the Senator from and Head Start, more cuts in programs he will get my vote—within the con- Massachusetts was on the floor, and he that affect the health care, nutrition text of a balanced budget—for Head said we should treat Social Security and educational status of our children. Start and for Women, Infants, and differently—that there will be an I yield the floor. Children. Then he and I, working to- amendment to treat Social Security Mr. CRAIG. Mr. President, I think we gether, will have to work with our differently—from how we, the Repub- are about to conclude the business of other colleagues to make sure that we licans and some Democrats want to the Senate for today. Prior to that choose a rational spending policy that under the balanced budget. He said he happening, I want to make some open- prioritizes these programs because we wanted to keep it separate and apart. ing observations about this historic decide to reduce elsewhere. Then he spoke eloquently about the constitutional amendment, Senate What I will not do and what this Con- President’s budget, and the President Joint Resolution 1, that we have on the gress will not do is send to the Amer- treats Social Security exactly the way Republicans want to treat it, leaving it floor this evening and on which we ican people for ratification a constitu- inside the budget, making sure that have started debate. tional amendment with a loophole in it Let me also say to my colleague from large enough to drive all of the trucks our Government’s fiscal house is in Minnesota, who has eloquently and that service the industries in Min- order so that a government whose passionately laid out a variety of criti- nesota through. We dare not send to budget is balanced is a government cally important items for us to debate the American people a phony document that can meet its obligation. That is in the coming days, my colleague from that they might put in the Constitu- really the issue here, and that is the Minnesota mentioned programs that I tion, in which we exempt all of these crux of the debate that will go on over support. I have always voted for Head programs from the responsible deci- the course of the next several weeks. The Senator from Minnesota has ap- Start, and I have always voted for sionmaking that the Senator from proached us this afternoon with four Women, Infants and Children. Those Minnesota and I want to make here on amendments. They are important are very important programs for our the floor. amendments and they should be de- country. I am also one who says those Should we exempt Social Security? If bated; they should be voted on. I hope we exempted Social Security and programs have to be funded within the that my colleagues, in considering any Women, Infants, and Children and Head context of a balanced budget. amendment, will consider that all of I am standing here beside this 6-foot Start and all of the other programs the budget be a part of the whole and tall stack of budget documents, what I being suggested, that is probably bet- the whole should be balanced. The Sec- call the budgets of the era of lib- ter than a third of the budget. How can retary of the Treasury does not suggest eralism. This is when America said we turn to the American people and that we split anything out of the budg- that poor people ought to be cared for, say now we have a balanced budget et. He suggests that we deal with a and unprecedented in the world, this when we just took a third of it off- whole budget, that we don’t start pry- Nation poured out its riches to the budget? No longer would we have the ing things apart. The President will poor. Mr. President, 28 years of budgets right to make the choice to set prior- present that kind of a budget tomor- are represented here, and benefits re- ities. These would autopilot programs. row. The reason that we want to make sulted from some of what was in them. But instead of protecting these pro- sure that happens is that it is time this We started the WIC program. We grams, they would become the loophole country makes the tough choices. I started Head Start in these budgets. through which to channel all sorts of think that when we make those tough They were funded last year and will new and increased spending. I do not choices, under the responsibility of a continue to be funded. But what hap- think the Senator from Minnesota balanced budget requirement in our pened along the way? People did not wants that. I think what the Senator Constitution, social spending programs seem to get better. People seemed to from Minnesota is speaking to is set- critical to the truly needy of our coun- get poorer. While this Nation spoke ting priorities, making tough choices try will survive. about having a safety net, and it must for the right reasons on the right issues For a few moments, Mr. President, speak to the need for a safety net for for people who are less fortunate. If let me talk about what stands before the truly needy, we began to learn les- that is what he means, and I know he us here. Twenty-eight years of end- sons in the 1960’s, 1970’s and 1980’s. We means that because I know him well, lessly unbalanced budgets are stacked began to learn that handouts are not then he will have the Presiding Offi- here at my right hand, 28 years of def- necessarily a hand up. In a society as cer’s support and he will have my sup- icit spending, 28 years since the last wealthy as ours, while we truly need to port. time this Government balanced its be kind and caring—and the Senator What we would like to ask him to do budget in 1969. Now, 14 of these 28 budg- from Minnesota is truly that, and I is to join us in pleading that we get ets were never intended to be balanced. think that all Senators are—somehow, away from this stack of 28 unbalanced They were intended to be in deficit, to along the way, we began to realize that budgets in a row, that we get away create debt. But 14 of them—the other the cumulative effect of all these from adding to this $5.3 trillion worth half—promised a balanced budget at spending programs was to put the of debt, with its $340 billion a year some point. It was the same kind of whole Nation at risk. These 28 budg- worth of interest to service the debt. promise we heard from President Clin- ets—28 budget packages submitted by Those huge interest payments actually ton last night. These were sincere six presidents, both Democrats and Re- strip this country of its resources to do promises, all 14 of these budgets that publicans—also represent $5.3 trillion what that Senator wants done. If we promised eventual balance, spread over worth of debt. Enough money is paid did not have to pay all that interest, if the last 28 years. And I do not question out annually in interest to service the we had paid off the past Federal debts, this President’s sincerity in promising debt that these budgets created to fund then we would have a surplus today of yet another budget that reaches bal- all the programs that the Senator from more than $100 billion a year, available ance in a few years. I believe that he

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00030 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1011 believes he can produce a balanced contractor, to an elderly person, or to fiscal house in order by 2002. It does so budget. a single parent on welfare. in a way that also creates the nec- What was the rhetoric last night? That’s the reality of the debate. essary flexibility in times of real need ‘‘You vote for it and I will sign it.’’ The Somehow we think there are special and in times of war. It says that there problem is choice making—choice needs that could get separated out. At are margins in which deficit spending making in an environment in which we a time when our Government finds its can occur, but now it will take tough don’t have to make hard choices. And fiscal house increasingly in trouble, if choices to deficit spend, not the auto- as a result of not having to make hard it goes bankrupt, no checks go out. matic and easy choices of past years, choices, wanting to serve the needs of That is why, for over 3 years, those not ‘‘oh, well, we will make it up next the American people, wanting to ad- who believe in a balanced budget year or a few years down the road.’’ dress the truly needy, Congresses and amendment have argued against those We will see a variety of amendments Presidents instead have made easy who wish to exempt out Social Secu- to the balanced budget amendment choices, 28 long years of easy choices. rity and other unique social programs. that will come to the floor in the next Oh, they were tough choices at the We understand that the threat to So- several weeks. Senators that will talk time, or at least they felt tough. But cial Security, the threat to Women, In- impassionedly about certain priorities when you know you don’t have to bal- fants and Children, the threat to Head that are all critical and all important. ance the budget—you do not really set Start, is not the balanced budget And all these priorities can be served priorities and make hard choices. And amendment, but the debt. Why are we inside a balanced budget by tough deci- we went through an era when deficit having to cut back on spending on sions and tough choices on this Con- spending was supposed to be good be- some programs today? Because we did gress. cause it supposedly stimulated the not balance the budget for so many What am I talking about this economy and created jobs. Well, that years before now. Because of deficits evening? Correcting a problem that we may have been all right in some in- and because of a huge, heavy debt created, correcting a problem that stances when we didn’t have a $5.3 tril- structure, and because the American threatens—not me, not the Presiding lion debt, when service on the debt was people are saying, ‘‘Fix it, it’s broken, Officer, and not the Senator from $5 or $6 billion a year and was a minus- correct it.’’ Vermont, but his children, my chil- cule part of a total budget. All of a sud- What does it mean? What does this dren, our grandchildren, and future den, over the last decade and a half, stack of paper—thousands of pages of generations of American citizens who this debt has exploded on the American debt—say to the average American will want to be as productive as we scene and on the American taxpayer’s family? Well, it’s something like this, hope we have been. in the sense of what it costs them. pocketbook. Today, Social Security How important is correcting that Since the time I started debating this and the interest on debt created by problem of adding to the debt? The Of- issue in 1982 until today it represents these 28 budgets now rival each other fice of Management and Budget—Presi- $15,000 for every American family in in- as to which is the largest single ex- dent Clinton’s Office of Management come loss, minimally—$15,000. That penditure in the annual budgets of the and Budget—said that if we continue means that the average American fam- Federal Government. down the path that this Congress and That is why, consistently over recent ily’s income today—if we had balanced other Congresses have been on, future years, the American people have said the Federal budget in 1982 and kept it generations would pay 82 percent of to this Congress—Republican or Demo- balanced until 1997—would be $15,000 their total income in taxes for all lev- crat— ‘‘Get your fiscal house in order more. Those are not my figures. Those els of government because of debt, debt and balance the Federal budget.’’ Sev- are the figures based on a study by the service, and government needs—82 per- enty-plus percent of the American peo- Concord Coalition. We talk of the cent. That means there is no money ple want a constitutional amendment. needy and of wanting to care for peo- left to buy a house, there is no money But recently polled, only 12 percent ple. Put an extra $15,000 in every Amer- to put in a savings account for a rainy really believed that we would get to a ican family’s budget and see what kind day, and there is no money left for a balanced budget by the year 2002. Why? of help you have offered them. But, in- college education. Here is the reason why: 28 consistent stead, the Government has taken those years of promises made and promises fruits of their hard work to service the So what happens? You turn to your broken to the real people of this coun- debt structure represented by 28 years government, and the endless process is try, the taxpayer who now feels ex- of profligate deficit spending. always underway of a government hav- ploited and put upon largely because What does it mean to a household ing to do something for more people be- this Congress and Congresses like it with a 30-year mortgage if the econo- cause government has taken so much promised but failed to deliver. Twenty- mists are right and we pass this from those who worked so hard and eight years of budgets submitted by amendment and balance the budget? find themselves getting nowhere. Presidents that promised deficit reduc- Interest rates drop 11⁄2 to 2 points. And That is why this has to be corrected, tion or balanced budgets that never that $30,000 to the average American or there will be no future for the young came to be. family, saved on a 30-year mortgage, is people of our country. Because a future Twenty-eight years of borrowing, a a year in one of the most expensive col- in which 82 percent of your gross pay total of 36 deficits in 37 years, $5.3 tril- leges in the country. Or if you are in goes to all levels of government is no lion worth of gross debt. That is $20,000 Idaho, that is 21⁄2 to 3 years of college future at all. Those are some of the of debt for every man, woman, and education in our land grant university. kinds of things we are talking about. child in America. So the majority of That is a lot of money. Where does it A child born today—again, not my all the real people living in this coun- go today? Out of the working person’s figures, but those of the National Tax- try today have seen a budget actually pocketbook into the IRS coffers to pay payers Union—a child born today will balanced only once or never. And they to service the debt structure created pay an additional $180,000 in taxes dur- now question the integrity of their right here by Congresses past—caring ing his or her lifetime to service the Government and the reality of what and well-meaning Congresses—that Federal debt—debt that his or her this country really is about and, more created this stack of paper rep- grandmas and grandpas spent but important, what its politicians are resenting $5.3 trillion worth of debt. didn’t pay for. And that is a tragedy. about. Well, if there is frustration in this Our friend Paul Simon, the now re- We will honor the promises made by debate for some of our Members, I tired Senator from Illinois, who is as Social Security because we want to and don’t reject their concerns and I don’t liberal as I am conservative but who because we must. It is a contract with take it lightly. I must say that it may stood shoulder to shoulder with me for the elderly of our country. A govern- be frustration that we have inflicted a decade fighting the battle of the bal- ment whose budget is balanced is a upon ourselves, because it is now nec- anced budget amendment to our Con- government that can honor that essary to propose a constitutional stitution, called it fiscal child abuse. pledge. A government that is in bank- amendment that is very simple. It And he is right. Because that legacy of ruptcy sends no checks out to a defense gives us plenty of latitude to get our crushing debt is no future for any child

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00031 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1012 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 born in America today, having that ob- I yield the floor. to balancing the budget with them. ligation out in front of them, being re- Mr. LEAHY addressed the Chair. The debt that the Senator from Idaho quired of them by their Government The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- so eloquently speaks of, in terms of our for from which something they get no ator from Vermont. children and our children’s children, value. That is why this issue has be- Mr. LEAHY. Mr. President, I will not the vast bulk of that debt built up just come the No. 1 issue in America. be long because, if nobody else wants during those 12 years when some talked Our President spoke of valuable pri- to go home, I know that staff who the talk but were not willing to walk orities last night, important issues— serve in this body probably would like the walk. And now we have to pay it education, some tax cuts, the kind of to, including the young pages on both off. priorities that an American wants to sides of the aisle. They are as impor- In 4 years, President Clinton has sub- be proud of and wants to be a part of. tant as any contributors to this body. mitted budgets and fought hard for Republican or Democrat, there were They keep us going. I hope that for all them. For 4 years, he has brought the many of us who heard a President last of them their service here will be an deficit down. No President in my life- night speak of issues that we can all experience that they will remember all time, Republican or Democrat, has identify with. But in doing so, we say, of their lives as worthwhile. I know done that. This year he is trying to re- with a simple caveat: They must be that former Senator Pryor, who just duce the deficit, again, and achieve a within the limit and the capacity of recently retired, had been a page and balanced budget agreement for the the ability of the Government to pay felt that way. I know two of my chil- next several years. for them, and the permission of our dren were pages—here and in the other We talk of amending this Constitu- citizens to pay for them, within a bal- body—and feel that way. tion, this little, short Constitution, the anced budget. It is a simple require- Mr. President, my good friend from greatest Constitution democracy ever ment. The problem is that the choices Idaho—he is my good friend—spoke elo- had and the reason we are the most are tough, but that is what my job is quently of the stacks of budgets. You powerful democracy known to history. and that is what I have hired on to do, know that every year we do have a We talk about amending it as if we as has the Presiding Officer, and as has large document that represents the could, then we all go home and 10 years the Senator from Vermont. Federal budget, but I would point out from now somehow the amendment In the coming days, as we debate, I to him that no constitutional amend- would magically come into play and hope we can see the very clear dif- ment is needed to balance those budg- the Federal budget would be balanced. ferences between those who oppose re- ets. President Clinton told us last night quiring fiscal responsibility, who do I have great affection for President that all it takes to balance the budget not want the citizens of this country Reagan. We had a very good personal is our votes, courageous votes, and his through the Constitution to impose relationship. I used to kid him that signature. We can balance the budget that kind of discipline on the floor of every year he would talk about a need and we can do it now without a con- this Senate, and those of us who say for a constitutional amendment to bal- stitutional amendment. that after 28 years of endless spending, ance the budget, and then he would So, instead of amending our Con- endless debt, and endless deficits, it is send up a budget that increased our na- stitution, why not proceed to use our time we offer the American people the tional debt, something he did more votes. I hold up here the voting lists choice of whether to require that kind than any President in our Nation’s his- with the names of all Senators and of constitutional discipline. tory. By the time he got done, he had places marked where they can vote The time is growing late. It is our in- doubled or tripled the national debt ‘‘yea’’ or ‘‘nay.’’ Every one of us can tent to adjourn as soon as we can. But that had taken over 200 years to build stand up and vote ‘‘yea’’ or ‘‘nay’’ for a the debate will go on through tomor- up. balanced budget. That is all it takes. row and next week, and we hope He had wonderful speeches saying, We do not have to go through and say through the balance of February, as we ‘‘Let us balance the budget. But, by the 10 years from now maybe the States deal with this issue and as Members of way, guys, here is my budget, and will ratify it and it will be in place and the Senate speak their will, as they guess what is in it? It is one more huge maybe some future Congress will act to should, because I know of no issue deficit.’’ make the tough decisions. We can vote more important than this constitu- We talk about charts showing how right this minute, today, this month, tional amendment. the deficits went up and they did this year and do what we should do— Our vote will not make it so. Our throughout the 1980’s. From President make the tough decisions ourselves. Founding Fathers decided that was not Reagan’s election to President Clin- There are only five Senators remain- our job. Our vote is simply to propose ton’s election, they skyrocketed more ing in this body who had the courage to to the American people a constitu- than in all the Nation’s history put to- vote against Reaganomics, which tri- tional amendment. And then 38 States, gether before those 12 years—more pled the national debt. I am proud to three-fourths of the States must vote than all the debt that had been arisen be one of those five. I have cast the to ratify, and the debate will go on in from World War II, World War I, the tough votes. I have had special-interest every State capital across this coun- Civil War, the War of 1812, from all of groups from the right and the left, try—the debate about Government, the our wars combined, and from all of our from my State and your State and Federal Government, and its budgets depressions and from all of our reces- every other State, come and give me and its priorities. And that will be one sions. In just 12 years, the amount of heck for voting against their favorite of the healthiest debates the American debt that had grown up was doubled programs. I have probably written as citizenry has ever been involved in. and tripled. much legislation as anybody here that From that, Senators serving in this We talk about the last 28 years. Well, has cut huge hunks out of the Federal Congress and future Congresses will President Clinton is the only President budget, cuts that affected my State as not only have the absolute constitu- in those 28 years—and now for 4 years well as others. But that is the way you tional requirement to balance the in a row—who has brought down the do it. You do not cast a vote that is budget, but they will probably have a deficit. That is not withstanding the just a nice, popular thing that fits the much clearer idea of what the Amer- fact that he has to find in our budget polls of the moment. You cast votes ican people expect of their Federal several hundred million dollars every that run the test of time. Government. That ratification process day, every single day, just to pay the I urge us to be courageous and think is an important process. If we send interest on the debt that was built up of the future. My children are going to forth this amendment, we will have during President Reagan’s and Presi- live most of their lives in the next cen- started in this country what I think dent Bush’s terms. tury, and when I vote I think of what not only assures that we get our fiscal I have great affection for President that next century will be. I do not want house in order, but it assures future Reagan and President Bush. I felt priv- them burdened with debt. generations the same kind of oppor- ileged to think of them as friends. But I wish the debt had not gone up as it tunity that all of us have had in our there is a big difference between the did during the 1980’s. I think it was a lifetime. rhetoric and the reality when it came great mistake. This body went along

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00032 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1013 with it. I commend the political abili- Congress and move on to the states for Now, I am not saying that this ties of President Reagan. He got within ratification where it belongs. I believe Amendment will be the silver bullet one-quarter of 1 percent of every single passage of this Amendment is in the which solves all of our problems. How- budget he ever asked for. In fact, when best interest of the future of our coun- ever, it will make us accountable to we talk about the veto pen, the only try because it will force us to make the the Constitution and to the will of a appropriation, or spending bill that tough decisions now that need to be majority of Americans and force us to President Reagan ever vetoed was one made to balance the budget and even- get our fiscal house in order. If we that did not give him as much money tually eliminate the staggering debt achieve a balanced budget and reduce as he wanted. He never vetoed a bill be- that threatens the economic well-being the deficit, we can expect even lower cause it had too much money. The only of every American. interest rates, an increased savings spending bill he ever vetoed was one Now, there are those that believe rate, and increased economic growth that did not give him all the money he there is no need for the Balanced Budg- for every American. Essentially, Amer- wanted. As I recall, the years when the et Constitutional Amendment—that icans can expect an increase in their Democrats were in office, we actually the federal government can be fiscally standard of living, and I think that is came back with budgets that were responsible without being mandated by something everyone of us wants and smaller than asked for. the Constitution to do so. Well, I have deserves. What was, was; what is, is. What is been a Member of Congress for 10 years Congress came within one vote last today is the ability, as President Clin- now, and I have yet to see Congress or session of passing the Balanced Budget ton said last night, to vote for and the administration bite the bullet, bal- Constitutional Amendment. I am opti- enact a balanced budget. ance the budget, and tackle our enor- mistic that this year we can pass this Economists are not asking for a bal- mous debt. legislation and send the measure on to anced budget amendment to the Con- Just last week, the Congressional the states for their deliberation. It is stitution. Over 1,000 economists signed Budget Office released one of its an- time to allow the American people and a letter, including 11 Nobel laureates, nual reports making projections on the the state legislatures the opportunity economic and budget outlook for Fis- saying do not amend the Constitution; to debate the merits of the Balanced cal Years 1998–2007. According to CBO, it creates far more problems than it Budget Constitutional Amendment, last year’s deficit was $107 billion, solves. What they said was balance the and I hope that the Congress will see making it the fourth year in a row that budget, which we can do if we have the fit to entrust this measure to those the deficit has decreased. However, the courage, but do not amend the Con- who must ratify or reject it. news is not all good. CBO also projects stitution to do it. Even as conservative I yield the floor. that the deficit will increase for Fiscal a newspaper as the Wall Street Journal Mr. ROBERTS. Mr. President, I ap- Year 1997 to become $124 billion. And, if preciate this opportunity to speak in yesterday had an editorial saying do we do not commit ourselves to bal- behalf of the balanced budget amend- not vote for this constitutional amend- ancing the budget, and discretionary ment to the Constitution. ment. Certainly nobody thinks of Alan spending keeps pace with inflation, I especially thank two of my col- Greenspan as a profligate, shoot-for- this country will be faced with a deficit leagues, Mr. DOMENICI, the distin- the-Moon kind of spender, and Alan estimated at $278 billion in 2007. guished chairman of the Budget Com- Greenspan said do not pass this con- What does all this mean? It means mittee, and Mr. HATCH, the distin- stitutional amendment. Secretary that nothing ever changes. Year after guished chairman of the Judiciary Rubin, one of the most trusted and re- year we are faced with huge deficits Committee for their longstanding lead- spected Secretaries of the Treasury and an increasing national debt. Year ership and efforts in behalf of this leg- any administration has had, says do after year we talk about doing the islation and in effect, enabling us to not pass this constitutional amend- right thing, the responsible thing, and protect the financial and economic fu- ment. Instead of passing a bumper- passing a balanced budget. And yet, ture of our children and their children. sticker form of economics, do what is once again, here we are debating the Mr. President, for those who have right. Have the courage to vote for merits of the Balanced Budget Con- had the perseverance and tenacity to budgets and spending bills that bring stitutional Amendment. pursue this goal, it has at times been a about a balanced budget. Back in my home state of Colorado, I lonely trail. Whatever success we I yield the floor. have been conducting a series of town might achieve and I hope that we will Mr. CAMPBELL. Mr. President, for meetings, discussing a wide range of achieve has been in large part due to the past ten years I have spoken out in issues with my friends and constitu- the efforts of these two Senators. favor of a Balanced Budget Constitu- ents. When the discussion turns to bal- I have read some interesting com- tional Amendment, and have supported ancing the budget, Coloradans realize mentary regarding this effort. Our op- and voted for this measure each time I that if we do not address this impor- ponents predict dark budget clouds for have had the opportunity to do so. tant issue with Constitutional author- Social Security and any other program In fact, in preparing for this state- ity, the amount of the federal budget deemed essential to a particular eco- ment, I looked back on my career in devoted toward paying off the interest nomic interest group. But, contrary to Congress to see how many times I have on the debt and the entitlement pro- that dire prediction, I see a bright fu- supported this measure, and I noted grams will increase to the point that ture with the sum of the balanced with interest that in January 1987, my there will be barely any money left for budget parts. I see a nation with 6.1 first month of being a member of the those programs which deserve and re- million more jobs in 10 years. I see House of Representatives, I joined as quire Federal funding. lower interest rates that will directly an original cosponsor to the Balanced Currently, more than half of the $1.6 affect the daily lives and pocketbooks Budget Constitutional Amendment. trillion in spending goes toward the en- of every citizen in terms of the amount One of the primary sponsors of the leg- titlements and mandatory spending. of hard-earned income they pay now islation on the House side was my col- According to CBO, ‘‘if current policies for living essentials, health care, hous- league, Senator CRAIG, and on the Sen- remain unchanged, mandatory spend- ing, education loans, food, and trans- ate side, Senator HATCH was in the ing will be twice as large as discre- portation. With a 2-percent drop in in- forefront introducing the measure in tionary spending by 2002.’’ In addition, terest rates, how would you like 6 this body. It is with great pleasure that another 15 percent of all outlays goes months of groceries free or cor- I join my friends in this effort once toward interest costs on the debt. This responding savings in your health care again, along with well over 50 of my is money that does not go toward edu- premium costs, mortgage payment, Senate colleagues. cation, law enforcement, national secu- student loan? Compare those savings Opponents believe it would be easy to rity, or even our national parks and with the marginal reductions in the give up on the idea of passing the Bal- monuments. As far as I am concerned, amount of growth of Federal programs. anced Budget Constitutional Amend- it is wasted money. My constituents In his State of the Union Address, the ment. For a number of years, despite realize this, and on their behalf I con- President said: ‘‘Don’t give me a bal- the hard work of many individuals, tinue to fight for the Balanced Budget anced budget amendment; give me a this measure has failed to pass through Constitutional Amendment. balanced budget.’’

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00033 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1014 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 I must say I agree. But, with all due we need a balanced budget amendment zens to borrow. That means that our respect, Mr. President, many of my col- to the Constitution to get the job done. economy cannot grow as fast as we leagues and I have done just that to no With the fall of the Greek Republic would like it. It has especially meant avail. During the last session of Con- as an example, there is a theory that a that families in America have suffered. gress, we sent two balanced budgets to democracy cannot exist as a permanent Families have suffered to the extent 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue and despite form of government. The theory is it that the Federal Government’s en- exhaustive effort, we were not able to can only exist until the voters discover croachment in capital markets means reach agreement or accommodation. that they can vote themselves largesse higher interest rates, higher interest However, I must say that passing the from the public treasury. From that rates on new home purchases, on new balanced budget amendment and two moment on, the majority always votes automobile loans, on student loans, on budgets that were, in fact, in balance for the candidates promising the most the variety of other things which aver- did provide the kind of fiscal backbone benefits with the result that a democ- age, hardworking American families and tenacity not seen in the Congress racy always collapses over a loose fis- must seek financing. for decades. In my own case, I was cal policy. It has also hurt our families in the proud of our efforts within the House That is the theory. If true, it is a ter- sense we are passing on to our children Agriculture Committee in enacting rible prospect. what is obviously a mountain of debt. farm program and food stamp reform Mr. President, I choose not to accept Kids in America today, as one of the that also produced an estimated $33 bil- that dire prediction but I must say earlier speakers, the Senator from lion in savings over the life of the given our most recent history and Idaho, indicated, inherit immediately budget agreement. So, I agree with given the fact our best efforts fell short upon their birth, an enormous respon- you. It can be done. And, with our re- during the last session of Congress, I sibility for debts built up by past Con- form of farm program policy passing by believe this debate, this legislation, gresses. A child born in America overwhelming margins, we also proved and this time represents our vest best today—and I have a 5-month-old child there is bipartisan support for true re- opportunity to set our Nation’s fiscal so I suspect it applies to him—is imme- form and budget savings. We also house in order. diately responsible for paying over his or her lifetime something in the vicin- achieved considerable budget savings As President Clinton stated, ‘‘We ity of $180,000 in taxes simply to pay in discretionary spending at the con- don’t need a constitutional amendment his or her share of this debt. to balance the budget, we need action.’’ clusion of the appropriations process; That is certainly not the kind of leg- something unique to the last Congress. Again, with due respect to the Presi- acy that was passed on to my genera- However, the real problem is that dent, it is indeed time for action and tion. It is not the legacy I intend to while there is considerable talk about for action, we need a constitutional pass on to my children’s generation. accepting responsibility and standing amendment to get the job done. Therefore, it is essential that we bal- four square for a balanced budget, The PRESIDING OFFICER (Ms. ance the budget and we do so imme- there are serious differences of opinion SNOWE). The Senator from Michigan. diately so we do not continue to hurt as to how to bring the budget into bal- Mr. ABRAHAM. Madam President, I our families, our businesses, and espe- ance. Which programs will be cut? Do rise today to give some opening re- cially our children. we have the political wherewithal to marks with respect to the resolution The next question is why we need a save Medicare and other entitlements? on the balanced budget that is now be- constitutional amendment to balance In this regard, the President and many fore us. I suspect during the course of the budget. Indeed it is true, as many of our friends across the aisle stated the next several weeks in the debate have said, that simply an action by over and over again they are for a bal- that is ahead, I will probably be here Congress and the President would bring anced budget but not that budget—that several more times to discuss various about a balanced budget. But, as we budget meaning any cuts in their fa- aspects of this resolution as well as have seen just in the last 2 years, say- vorite and priority programs. some of the amendments which are ing it and doing it are very different And, I must say, despite the fact that going to be offered. But today I things. We reached an impasse in a Republican Congress and the Presi- thought I would just make some initial Washington in 1995. I don’t think it’s dent were within $10 a month dif- comments regarding what I consider to an impasse that was unique to the ference in regard to preventing Medi- be the need, the necessity really, for 104th Congress or President Clinton. I care bankruptcy, the fact we were not this amendment, both why we need a think it is the kind of impasse that is able to reach agreement and the fact balanced budget, why we need to have likely to be reached on almost any oc- that the Democrat Party made a con- a balanced budget amendment, and casion in which the Congress of the scious decision to make Medicare a top why we need to do it now. United States is controlled by one po- issue in last year’s campaign, I am not First of all, I think it should be clear litical party and the executive branch overly confident any budget agreement to all Americans why we need a bal- is controlled by someone from the can be worked out—unless we have to— anced budget, although it certainly has other party. The impasse was over unless there is some outside discipline not been the case that the Congress or spending priorities. But, even though that will force Congress to get the job the President, over the last many, everyone on all sides of the issue said done. The lure of political opportunism many years, has responded to the they wanted a balanced budget, we did is just too great, the coming debate re- public’s demands. The first reason is not get a balanced budget because of garding Social Security being a classic simple. We have gone literally a gen- that impasse. The absence of a con- example. eration without balancing the budget. stitutional requirement that we bal- The real question is, does the Con- Just a few minutes ago, all of these ance the budget, that outlays not ex- gress have the fortitude, the persever- budgets were presented to us, reflect- ceed revenues to the Federal Govern- ance and the tenacity to balance the ing the many years in which we have ment, meant that the impasse contin- budget? Despite good men and women failed to balance the budget. This is as ued in spite of the rhetoric on all sides, of both parties and the best of inten- close to balancing the budget as we in spite of all of the balanced budget tions, it is now the 28th year in which have come today, piling these docu- proposals that flowed from 1600 Penn- a majority in the Congress has failed in ments on top of each other and making sylvania Avenue and on Capitol Hill. efforts for the Federal Government to sure they do not fall over, but that is Despite all of that, we never got to the live within its means. We all agree we as close to balancing the budget as we balanced budget. It is my view that, must make progress toward a balanced have been in a quarter of a century. without an amendment, without a con- budget and then during the course of These years of deficits have to come to stitutional requirement that the Con- political deliberations we most gen- an end. gress and the President bring about a erally agree to disagree as to how to We need a balanced budget also be- balanced budget, impasses such as the achieve this goal. It is clear that if cause a failure to balance the budget one that existed during the winter of there is anything to be learned during has hurt the economy. To the extent 1995 will occur again. the time we have regretfully experi- that Government borrows, it means Another reason I believe we need an enced ever increasing deficits, it is that less capital is available for private citi- amendment is because we do not know

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00034 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1015 what the future will bring, and we need cal integrity so that as we move for- the people: he was always there to take to have a permanent safeguard against ward into the 21st century, this debt cases and advise my D.C. staff on issues the kinds of deficits that have plagued does not bind us down, this debt does like agriculture and business that so the Nation over the past quarter of a not undermine our economic security, intimately affected the lives of the century. Yes, today, today in America, this debt does not hold America back people around him. He was known talking about balancing the budget, ad- as we try to compete in the global across the countryside, and everyone vocating a balanced budget, is politi- economy, this ever-more competitive to a person, loved him. cally popular and what the American global economy, in the years ahead. Pat was the guy we counted on. people are demanding. But, as we have For all these reasons, I think action Quiet. Unassuming. But always honest, seen for a quarter of a century, some- is required now. I think a balanced forthright, and clear. His advice on the thing that is simply politically popular budget is a necessity, and I think the farm bill, taxes, even welfare reform may not get done. We have no idea only way to achieve it is with an was always on target, because Pat al- what future Congresses will think amendment to the Constitution that ways knew we worked for the people— about this issue. If we provide this sort not only brings about a balanced budg- and we were there to serve them first. of loophole that a failure to pass this et in the year 2002, but assures we will He was rare in political circles. He amendment provides, we will be right continue balancing the budget into the brought a certain generosity and good where we have been for the last 25 next century and into the future of our humor to the job that is not seen too years. Nation. often in politics any more. He loved it, Yes, it is possible we all might get For those reasons, Madam President, he worked tirelessly, he loved being in together and in this Congress, even I support the balanced budget amend- the thick of things, but he never let it though the parties that control the ment. I look forward to continuing this go to his head. And though he was a Congress and the White House are dif- debate as we move forward into the committed Democrat, he took pains to ferent, we might finally reach a bal- next few weeks and hope that by the avoid bringing any partisan edge to his anced budget for the year 2002. But time we reach a final vote on this work. He never forgot who he was—a what about the year 2003, or 2005, or issue, two-thirds of our colleagues will dad and husband first, a public servant, 2010? What is the safeguard the Amer- join together to finally change the di- and a devoted community member. ican people deserve, to guarantee that rection here in Washington, in America Last spring Pat shared with us that in those years the same atmosphere and, most importantly, end the unbro- he and his wife Janet were expecting a that will bring about a balanced budget ken series of Federal deficit rep- second child in November, as his first maybe in 1 year, will continue? I think resented by this stack of budgets son, Miles, was just turning 3. A the only safeguard will be an amend- standing next to me. happier man, you could not find. ment to the Constitution. But July of this year brought tough The last issue is why now? I think Mrs. MURRAY addressed the Chair. news. Pat was diagnosed with liver the crisis we confront today is one of The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- cancer. The news of his illness was the strongest arguments that we could ator from Washington. tough on all of us who knew him. There have for balancing the budget. But the Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I was universal disbelief. Everyone I crises that fiscally will afflict this ask unanimous consent to speak as if talked to wanted to help, to change the country in another 15 or 20 years are an in morning business. course of his illness, to do something. even stronger argument for this The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Inevitably, these conversations amendment at this time. As we know, objection, it is so ordered. would bring out a funny story about projections with respect to a variety of Mrs. MURRAY. I thank the Chair. Pat, about his tireless work on some Federal spending programs, particu- f project like housing, or commodity larly the Federal entitlement pro- TRIBUTE TO PATRICK ORMSBY programs, or taking extra time to help grams, suggest that as the baby boom Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I generation members age and ulti- a constituent who was upset and feel- rise today to pay a special tribute to a mately become consumers of entitle- ing frustrated with a bureaucracy. And young man, a member of my staff, who ments rather than providers of revenue the more I heard from people, the more was taken from us before his time by to the Federal Government, such pro- clear it became just how special a per- cancer last week: Pat Ormsby of Spo- grams as Medicare and retirement pro- son Pat was. kane, WA. Pat taught me and everyone grams will begin to run even greater Despite chemotherapy and exhaus- he touched a most important lesson— costs than they do at this time. What tive treatment, Pat determinedly came we need to do is get our fiscal house in how to live life to the fullest with cour- to the office each day, after taking order today so that when those greater age, and how to die with dignity. time to go to church and put his faith demands on the Federal Government Pat came to my office just a few in God. He continued to be the one to begin to occur, we have the resources years ago, but he was no stranger to encourage all of us, and to let us know necessary to ensure they are honored. Northwest politics. For 10 years he he was going to be all right no matter A constitutional amendment that pro- served on the staff of former Speaker what happened. hibits us from running the deficits that Tom Foley. A schoolteacher, Pat start- Recently it became clear his battle are reflected in this stack of budgets ed in Mr. Foley’s office as a con- was coming to an end. Pat in his quiet before me will assist us in getting our stituent caseworker and eventually way prepared all of us. He maintained fiscal house in order. moved to the Nation’s Capital to be- what I can only call a relentless opti- In summary, the average family in come his adviser for agriculture issues. mism. He reminded us of his deep faith, my State of Michigan has interests His reputation was one of someone and said his greatest joy was seeing his rates that are unnecessarily high due who was hardworking, down to earth, new son, Paul, come into the world at to the deficits we have run and due to never caught in the insider beltway the end of September. He even had the the borrowing of the Federal Govern- thinking. He was always remembering audacity to apologize when it became ment. Because of that, the average to do what was right for the people he clear he could no longer work, but family in my State does not have as knew so well—the people of Spokane quickly added that he didn’t mind be- much to spend on its priorities as it de- and eastern Washington. cause he never liked the commute. serves. Two years ago, Pat wanted to return Somehow, amazingly, he always em- That family’s parents should have home to Washington State to raise his phasized the positives. more income to spend on their children family. As it happened, we crossed He took care of his family and pre- and their priorities and send less dol- paths at an opportune time: he was job- pared for their future. Again, with lars to Washington and less dollars on hunting just when I was looking for an great humor, he reminded us it was ac- interest payments than they do at this eastern Washington director. Pat fit tually a blessing that he had time to do time. We need a balanced budget to the bill perfectly, and I could not have everything necessary to chart a path help that working family in Michigan. asked for a better hire. for them. He took the time to tell each America’s long-term security also is For the past 2 years, Pat ran my Spo- of us who knew him that it was OK, not at stake. America deserves to have fis- kane office. He worked diligently for an end, just a new beginning for him.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00035 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 A week and a half ago in Spokane, We all know that mammographies that matter—into their doctors’ offices friends, family, and coworkers gath- save not only lives, but Federal dollars to have annual check ups. Therefore, I ered together to honor Pat. Mayor as well. The cost of annual am very concerned about the con- Jack Geraghty declared it Pat Ormsby mammographies is far less than the sequence of continued confusion over Appreciation Day in Spokane. We gath- cost of mastectomies, radiation, or recommendations for how often a ered with Pat to share feelings and sto- other treatments. M. President, I be- woman should have a mammography ries about him and his endless con- lieve we are headed in the right direc- and mixed signals from leading offi- tributions. Pat again thanked us all tion with these policies, and stepping cials. I look forward to the results of and said his goodbyes. back from encouraging annual check the American Cancer Society’s review Last Thursday, we lost Pat. Our staff ups is not sending a consistent message of the data used by the consensus came together and shared a quiet mo- to women. Instead, we should be mak- panel. ment. It was hard to believe he was ing the same commitment to women In the meantime, I support Senator gone, and it still is. He had become between the ages of 40 and 50 as we SNOWE and MIKULSKI’s efforts to send a such an important part of our lives, as have to those who are older. Evidence strong, clear signal to women that an example of a true public servant and shows that this is the age when the until we have conclusive evidence to family man—who always put others be- risk of breast cancer increases for the contrary, we know there is a ben- fore himself and gave something of his many women—and continues to climb efit to regular screening. Along with life to so many. in later years. my colleagues, I encourage all women It is not fair that children so young According to the American Cancer over 40 to follow the American Cancer should be denied their father, or Janet Society, the incidence of breast cancer Society’s recommendation of her husband. But the steps he took to in the United States has leveled off in mammographies every 1 to 2 years. prepare near the end, and the way he recent years. That is very good news. Again, I thank my friends from Maine lived his life, will be there to show how Even still, in my home State an esti- and Maryland for their work on this much he loved them. And because of mated 3,500 women will learn that they issue and their dedication to women’s the example he set, those children will have breast cancer this year. An esti- health. carry something of their father with mated 850 will die from this disease in I yield the floor and suggest the ab- them always. the same year. And, breast cancer is sence of a quorum. We are grateful we knew him, and we the No. 1 cancer killer among women The PRESIDING OFFICER. The are especially grateful to his family for ages 15 to 54. Like many here, I have clerk will call the roll. sharing him. We are comforted now seen the devastation breast cancer The legislative clerk proceeded to only in knowing that a bit of Pat lives leaves in its path and the children it call the roll. on in each of us who knew him: his has left motherless. It is heartbreaking Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I courage, his common sense, and his to think that with earlier detection ask unanimous consent that the order pride in community, State, and coun- they may not have lost their lives. I for the quorum call be rescinded. try. Pat, in his short life, did what think we can all agree that—as with The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without each of us should—gave much more any other cancer—if we believe we can objection, it is so ordered. prevent women from suffering from than he received. We will miss him. f f this disease, we must do everything in our power to do so. MEASURE REFERRED BREAST CANCER SCREENING The American Cancer Society also GUIDELINES RESOLUTION The Committee on Environment and tells us that in the last decade, the av- Public Works was discharged from fur- Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, erage breast lump size—the first indi- ther consideration of the following last night the Senate voted on a resolu- cator of cancer in most cases—has de- measure which was referred to the tion proposed by the Presiding Officer, creased substantially. In 1991, the aver- Committee on Governmental Affairs: Senator SNOWE of Maine, regarding the age size of detected tumors was down S. 203. A bill to amend the Federal Prop- urgent need for breast cancer research to 2.1 centimeters—that is about the erty and Administrative Services Act of 1949 funding. I was unable to be here to cast size of a nickel. What this tells us is to authorize the transfer to State and local a vote for that bill because I was at that potentially malignant tumors are government of certain surplus property for home attending a funeral of my staff being found in earlier and earlier use for law enforcement or public safety pur- member, but I wish the RECORD to re- stages of development. Consequently, poses. flect that I would have voted ‘‘aye’’ on women have the opportunity to start f the resolution by Senator SNOWE. treatment earlier, and have a higher The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without chance of survival or avoiding drastic EXECUTIVE AND OTHER objection, it is so ordered. options like mastectomies. Mortality COMMUNICATIONS Mrs. MURRAY. Madam President, I rates for Caucasian women have lev- The following communications were would like to thank my friends, Sen- eled off and even started dropping in laid before the Senate, together with ators SNOWE and MIKULSKI, for offering recent years. Unfortunately, however, accompanying papers, reports, and doc- their resolution in support of regular the statistics for women of color are uments, which were referred as indi- mammograms for women over 40. not as good, but at least we know cated: While I certainly respect the National screening helps—now we have to make EC–996. A communication from the Sec- Cancer Institute and its work, I, too, sure that these women have access to retary of the U.S. Securities and Exchange am very concerned about their recent screening. Commission, transmitting, pursuant to law, conclusion that standard mammog- I do not believe that anyone in this the report of a rule relative to disclosure re- raphy guidelines for women ages 40 to Chamber would deem regular quirements, (RIN3235–AG42, AG77) received 49 are unnecessary. mammographies for a woman over 40 as on February 3, 1997; to the Committee on At a time when there is still so much frivolous. On the contrary, I believe Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. EC–997. A communication from the Na- we do not know about breast cancer, I the Members of this body, including tional Marine Fisheries Service, National believe it is particularly important myself, now understand better than Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, that we take the best science available ever the importance of regular screen- Department of Commerce, transmitting, pur- and advise women based on its conclu- ing for many forms of cancer. I am not suant to law, the report of a rule relative to sions. More and more, we are learning a doctor, nor do I pretend to know the exclusive economic zone off Florida, re- that preventive care is the best way to more than the participants of the NCI’s ceived on February 3, 1997; to the Committee catch breast cancer in time to save a breast cancer screening consensus on Commerce, Science, and Transportation. woman’s life. With that knowledge, we panel. However, I do know enough to EC–998. A communication from the General Counsel, Department of Transportation, fought hard for Medicare coverage of understand the value of preventive transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of mammography screening, and now screening for breast cancer. And, I also six rules including one rule relative to oil President Clinton is proposing we ex- know that we have been fighting an up- spills, (RIN2133–AB28, 2115–AE01, AF46, AE47, pand that coverage. hill battle to get women—or men, for AA97) received on February 3, 1997; to the

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Committee on Commerce, Science, and resentative, with the rank of Ambassador By Ms. SNOWE (for herself, Ms. COL- Transportation. Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary. LINS, Mr. LEAHY, and Mr. JEFFORDS): EC–999. A communication from the General (The above nomination was reported S. 270. A bill to grant the consent of Con- Counsel, Department of Transportation, with the recommendation that she be gress to the Texas Low-Level Radioactive transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of Waste Disposal Compact; to the Committee twenty-four rules including one rule relative confirmed, subject to the nominee’s on the Judiciary. to class E airspace, (RIN2120–AE64, AE65, commitment to respond to requests to By Ms. SNOWE: AE66) received on February 3, 1997; to the appear and testify before any duly con- S. 271. A bill to require the Secretary of Committee on Commerce, Science, and stituted committee of the Senate.) Commerce to ensure that at least an equiva- Transportation. The following executive report of lent level of service will be supplied to the EC–1000. A communication from the Execu- committee was submitted on February public and affected agencies before closing tive Director of the District of Columbia Fi- 5, 1997: National Weather Service field stations; to nancial Responsibility and Management As- the Committee on Commerce, Science, and sistance Authority, transmitting, pursuant By Mr. MCCAIN, from the Committee on Transportation. to law, the report entitled ‘‘District of Co- Commerce, Science, and Transportation: S. 272. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- lumbia’s Procurement system, received on Rodney E. Slater, of Arkansas, to be Sec- enue Code of 1986 to allow defense contrac- February 3, 1997; to the Committee on Gov- retary of Transportation. tors a credit against income tax for 20 per- ernmental Affairs. (The above nomination was reported cent of the defense conversion employee re- EC–1001. A communication from the Chair- with the recommendation that he be training expenses paid or incurred by the man Pro Tempore of the Council of the Dis- confirmed.) contractors; to the Committee on Finance. trict of Columbia, transmitting, pursuant to S. 273. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- f law, copies of D.C. Act 11–505 adopted by the enue Code of 1986 to provide tax incentives Council on December 3, 1996; to the Com- INTRODUCTION OF BILLS AND relating to the closure, realignment, or mittee on Governmental Affairs. JOINT RESOLUTIONS downsizing of military installations; to the EC–1002. A communication from the Ad- Committee on Finance. ministrator of the U.S. Small Business Ad- The following bills and joint resolu- S. 274. A bill to establish a Northern Bor- ministration, transmitting, pursuant to law, tions were introduced, read the first der States-Canada Trade Council, and for the report under the Federal Managers’ Fi- and second time by unanimous con- other purposes; to the Committee on Fi- nancial Integrity Act for fiscal year 1996; to sent, and referred as indicated: nance. the Committee on Governmental Affairs. By Mr. MCCONNELL (for himself, Mr. By Mr. CHAFEE (for himself, Mr. WAR- EC–1003. A communication from the Sec- SMITH, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. INHOFE, Mr. NER, Mr. MOYNIHAN, and Mr. BOND): retary of Transportation, transmitting, pur- WARNER, Mr. D’AMATO, Mr. ALLARD, S. 275. A bill to amend the Internal Rev- suant to law, the report under the Federal Mr. KYL, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. DEWINE, enue Code of 1986 to provide for tax-exempt Managers’ Financial Integrity Act for fiscal Mr. LUGAR, Mr. LEAHY, Mr. MOY- financing of private sector highway infra- year 1996; to the Committee on Govern- NIHAN, Mr. CRAIG, Mr. REID, Mr. structure construction; to the Committee on mental Affairs. BUMPERS, Mr. WYDEN, Mr. KENNEDY, Finance. EC–1004. A communication from the Senior Mrs. BOXER, Mrs. FEINSTEIN, Mr. By Ms. SNOWE: Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of KERRY, and Mr. INOUYE): S. 276. A bill to amend title 23, United the Potomac Electric Power Company, S. 263. A bill to prohibit the import, ex- States Code, to conform to State law the ve- transmitting, pursuant to law, the report of port, sale, purchase, possession, transpor- hicle weight limitations on certain portions the balance sheet for calendar year 1996; to tation, acquisition, and receipt of bear of the Interstate System, and for other pur- the Committee on Governmental Affairs. viscera or products that contain or claim to poses; to the Committee on Environment and EC–1005. A communication from the Assist- contain bear viscera, and for other purposes; Public Works. ant Secretary for Land and Minerals Man- to the Committee on Environment and Pub- By Mr. COCHRAN (for himself, Mr. agement, Department of the Interior, trans- lic Works. COVERDELL, and Mr. HELMS): mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule By Mr. MCCAIN: S. 277. A bill to amend the Agricultural Ad- relative to adoption fees, (RIN1004–AC61) re- S. 264. A bill to amend title XI of the So- justment Act to restore the effectiveness of ceived on February 3, 1997; to the Committee cial Security Act to provide an incentive for certain provisions regulating Federal milk on Energy and Natural Resources. the reporting of inaccurate medicare claims marketing orders; to the Committee on Agri- EC–1006. A communication from the Assist- for payment, and for other purposes; to the culture, Nutrition, and Forestry. ant Secretary for Land and Minerals Man- Committee on Finance. By Mr. GRAMM (for himself, Mrs. agement, Department of the Interior, trans- By Mr. REID: HUTCHISON, Mr. SESSIONS, and Mr. mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule S. 265. A bill to provide off-budget treat- COVERDELL): relative to lessee and contractor employees, ment for the Highway Trust Fund; to the S. 278. A bill to guarantee the right of all (RIN1010–AB99) received on January 31, 1997; Committee on the Budget and the Com- active duty military personnel, merchant to the Committee on Energy and Natural Re- mittee on Governmental Affairs, jointly, mariners, and their dependents to vote in sources. pursuant to the order of August 4, 1977, with Federal, State, and local elections; to the EC–1007. A communication from the Assist- instructions that if one committee reports, Committee on Rules and Administration. ant Secretary for Land and Minerals Man- the other committee have thirty days to re- By Mr. ROTH: agement, Department of the Interior, trans- port or be discharged. S. 279. An original bill to amend the Inter- mitting, pursuant to law, the report of a rule By Mr. ROTH: nal Revenue Code of 1986 to reinstate the relative to adoption fees, (RIN1010–AC19) re- S. 266. A bill to establish the Government Airport and Airway Trust Fund excise taxes, ceived on January 31, 1997; to the Committee 2000 Commission to increase the efficiency and for other purposes; from the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources. and effectiveness of the Government, and for on Finance; placed on the calendar. f other purposes; to the Committee on Govern- By Mrs. MURRAY (for herself, Mr. DODD, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. KENNEDY, REPORTS OF COMMITTEES mental Affairs. By Mr. MCCAIN: Mr. HARKIN, Ms. MOSELEY-BRAUN, Mr. The following reports of committees S. 267. A bill to provide for the imposition INOUYE, Mr. LAUTENBERG, Mr. were submitted: of administrative fees for medicare overpay- WELLSTONE, Mr. KERRY, and Mr. By Mr. ROTH, from the Committee on Fi- ment collection, and to require automated AKAKA): nance, without amendment: prepayment screening of medicare claims, S. 280. A bill to amend the Family and S. 279. An original bill to amend the Inter- and for other purposes; to the Committee on Medical Leave Act of 1993 to allow employees nal Revenue Code of 1986 to reinstate the Finance. to take school involvement leave to partici- Airport and Airway Trust Fund excise taxes, By Mr. MCCAIN (for himself and Mr. pate in the school activities of their children and for other purposes (Rept. No. 105–4). FRIST): or to participate in literacy training, and for other purposes; to the Committee on Labor f S. 268. A bill to regulate flights over na- tional parks, and for other purposes; to the and Human Resources. EXECUTIVE REPORTS OF Committee on Commerce, Science, and f COMMITTEES Transportation. By Mr. ABRAHAM: SUBMISSION OF CONCURRENT AND The following executive report of S. 269. A bill to provide that the Secretary SENATE RESOLUTIONS committee was submitted on January of the Senate and the Clerk of the House of The following concurrent resolutions 30, 1997: Representatives shall include an estimate of By Mr. ROTH, from the Committee on Fi- Federal retirement benefits for each Member and Senate resolutions were read, and nance: of Congress in their semiannual reports, and referred (or acted upon), as indicated: Charlene Barshefsky, of the District of Co- for other purposes; to the Committee on By Mr. ROTH (for himself and Mr. lumbia, to be United States Trade Rep- Rules and Administration. MOYNIHAN):

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00037 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1018 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 S. Res. 50. A resolution to express the sense and the provider told him not to be Financing Administration HCFA is of the Senate regarding the correction of concerned about it because, ‘‘Medicare able to recover the overpayment from cost-of-living adjustments; to the Committee is paying the bill.’’ This is an outrage the provider. Finally, there would be on Finance. and we cannot allow this flagrant no incentive payment if HCFA can By Mr. ROTH (for himself, Mr. LIEBER- MAN, Mr. LUGAR, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. abuse of taxpayers dollars to continue. demonstrate that it had identified the HAGEL, Mr. MCCAIN, Mr. COCHRAN, Remember, when Medicare overpays, overpayment prior to receiving the Mr. ENZI, and Ms. MOSELEY-BRAUN): we all overpay, and costs to bene- beneficiary’s complaint. S. Con. Res. 5. A concurrent resolution ex- ficiaries and the taxpayers spiral while Some may argue that seniors and pressing the sense of Congress that the ex- the financial sustainability of the pro- other beneficiaries should not receive tension of membership in the North Atlantic gram is violated. financial rewards for fighting fraud— Treaty of 1949 to certain democracies of Cen- My bill, the Medicare Whistleblower that it should be their civic responsi- tral and Eastern Europe is essential to the Act addresses this fundamental prob- bility. While I may agree with this con- consolidation of enduring peace and stablity lem in the Medicare Program. This leg- in Europe; to the Committee on Foreign Re- tention, I also recognize that these sen- lations. islation strengthens the procedures for iors would not be able to detect and re- detecting and identifying fraud and port fraud or abuse without having ac- f waste in the Medicare system. This bill cess to the itemized bills that this leg- STATEMENTS ON INTRODUCED provides beneficiaries with incentives islation provides. Besides, I do not see BILLS AND JOINT RESOLUTIONS for carefully scrutinizing their bills anything wrong with providing bene- By Mr. MCCAIN: and actively pursuing corrections when ficiaries with a financial incentive for S. 264. A bill to amend title XI of the they believe there has been an inappro- fighting waste. After all, we currently Social Security Act to provide an in- priate or unjustified charge made to pay Federal employees for suggestions centive for the reporting of inaccurate the Medicare Program. The bene- which result in savings for the tax- Medicare claims for payment, and for ficiaries would be financially rewarded payers, and we pay private citizens for other purposes; to the Committee on if they detect negligent or fraudulent identifying fraud by defense contrac- Finance. charges in their Medicare bill. tors. I recognize that provider fraud is not It is imperative that we put an end to THE MEDICARE WHISTLEBLOWER ACT the sole source of waste and abuse in the rampant abuse and fraud in the Mr. McCAIN. Mr. President, I am the Medicare system, and I whole- Medicare system. This bill would con- proud to be introducing legislation heartedly support other initiatives tribute significantly to this effort. today which will significantly reduce which address beneficiary fraud. How- Mr. President, I believe that a very fraud and abuse by providers in the ever, studies indicate that provider effective approach for detecting and Medicare program. The Medicare Whis- fraud is most prevalent and the great- fighting fraud is to provide individuals tleblower Act of 1997 will provide est concern for the system, making ini- with a personal financial interest in strong incentives for Medicare bene- tiatives such as this one which specifi- the process. By passing this legislation, ficiaries to identify provider fraud in cally target provider fraud very impor- Congress would be empowering over 36 the Medicare system. tant. million Medicare beneficiaries to pro- As I travel around my home State of The Medicare Whistleblower Act will tect their program from fraud, waste, Arizona, seniors keep telling me about give beneficiaries the right to request and abuse. I ask unanimous consent the fraudulent and negligent billings and receive a written itemized copy of that the following letters of support which are rampant throughout the their medical bill from their Medicare from the Seniors Coalition and the Na- Medicare Program. Over and over health care provider. This itemized bill tional Committee to Preserve Social again, they tell me about their per- should be provided to the beneficiary Security and Medicare be included in sonal experiences with fraud and over- within 30 days of the provider’s receipt the RECORD. billings in the Medicare system. Many of their request. Once the beneficiary of the seniors say that their Medicare There being no objection, the letters receives the itemized bill they would were ordered to be printed in the bills frequently include charges for have 90 days to report any inappro- RECORD, as follows: medical services which they never re- priate billings to Medicare. The Medi- NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO PRESERVE ceived, double billings for a specific care intermediaries and carriers would treatment, or charges which are dis- SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE, then have to review the bills and deter- Washington, DC, January 27, 1997. proportionate and severely marked up. mine whether an inappropriate pay- Hon. JOHN MCCAIN, Usually, most of these seniors have no ment has been made and what amount U.S. Senate, idea what Medicare is being billed on should be reimbursed to the Medicare Washington, DC. their behalf and they have no way to system. DEAR SENATOR MCCAIN: On behalf of the 5.5 obtain a detailed explanation from the If the Secretary of Health and million members and supporters of the na- Medicare providers. Human Services confirms that the tional Committee to Preserve Social Secu- These personal stories from senior charges were either negligent or fraud- rity and Medicare, we offer our endorsement citizens are confirmed by analyses and ulent, the beneficiary would receive an of the Medicare Whistleblower Act of 1997, legislation to strengthen procedures for iden- detailed studies. According to the Gen- award equal to 1 percent of the over- tifying fraud and waste in the Medicare pro- eral Accounting Office, fraud and abuse payment reimbursed up to $10,000. The gram. in our Nation’s health care system financial awards given to the bene- A major effort to prevent fraud and abuse costs taxpayers as much as $100 billion ficiaries would not increase costs to is essential and appropriate—particularly at each year. Medicare fraud alone costs the Federal Government since they a time when Congress is considering ways to about $17 billion per year which is would be paid directly from the over- ensure the solvency of the Medicare program about 10 percent of the program’s payment. In cases of fraud, the rewards for current and future beneficiaries. It is es- costs. would be paid directly by the fraudu- sential that we enlist the cooperation of the This is quite disconcerting, espe- public, beneficiaries, providers and carriers lent provider as a penalty, and would to curb fraud and waste in the Medicare pro- cially in light of the financial problems therefore not even reduce the amount gram and ensure that Medicare funds go to- facing our Medicare system. Currently, of the overpayment reimbursed to the ward patient care. As you know, major and the Medicare system is expected to run Federal Treasury. increasingly complex patterns of fraud and out of funds in the year 2001. Several important safeguards have abuse have infiltrated many health sectors. A fundamental problem with the been built into this legislation. First, Your legislation will strengthen the role of Medicare system is that most bene- the Secretary of Health and Human beneficiaries in detecting and reporting ficiaries are not concerned with the Services would be required to establish fraud and waste. Of particular importance costs of the program because the Gov- appropriate procedures to ensure that are the provisions ensuring that bene- ficiaries be provided, upon request, copies of ernment is responsible for them. One of the incentive system is not abused by itemized bills submitted on their behalf. my constituents shared with me an ex- overzealous beneficiaries. Second, an Beneficiaries must have accurate informa- perience he had when his provider dou- incentive payment would be awarded tion about bills submitted on their behalf in ble-billed Medicare for his treatment only to the extent that the Health Care order to meaningfully participate in this

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00038 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1019 program. It is also important for the Sec- be used to make a house payment or to Yellowstone National Park. Should retary to establish procedures to prevent make a car payment of yours. Those the people of Wyoming alone be respon- abuse or over-use of the reporting system. moneys could only be used for the ben- sible for those roads? Well, the answer Seniors thank you for your help in com- efit of your client. If a lawyer violated bating this growing problem. is no, we have a Federal policy that Sincerely, the trust that he or she had with his helps the State of Wyoming in the road MARTHA A. MCSTEEN, client, you could lose your license to construction. You have demand in the President. practice law. You could, in fact, be State of Wyoming that cannot be met prosecuted criminally and go to jail. by the State of Wyoming. Your trans- THE SENIORS COALITION, It seems around here that we handle portation director, I am sure, will come Fairfax, VA, January 30, 1997. people’s trust accounts, the taxpayers’ and visit the Presiding Officer, just Hon. JOHN MCCAIN, trust accounts in a very cavalier fash- like my State of Nevada head of trans- U.S. Senate, ion. Today I want to talk about one of portation came and visited me, to talk Washington, DC. those trust funds. I want to talk about DEAR SENATOR MCCAIN: The Seniors Coali- about particular specific problems that tion, representing 2.4 million senior citizens the highway trust fund. It is coinci- you have in the State of Wyoming nationwise, is pleased to support the legisla- dental that I am here introducing leg- which are compounded by the bad tion you have recently introduced to reduce islation after having met in my office weather that you have there. waste and fraud in the Medicare system. Our just a short time ago with Nevada’s I am sure a lot of people do not know members report to us the same kinds of ex- head of the department of transpor- that this money we collect in the high- periences as your constituents do to you, and tation, a man by the name of Tom Ste- we are certain that your legislation will way trust fund is not used for highway phens. He was back here with other Ne- construction. What is it used for? It is help. vadans to tell me the problems that However, I must note that while these are used to mask the Federal deficit to the the State of Nevada has. I am a mem- desirable reforms, they do not correct the tune of about $20 billion. All of us ber of the Environment and Public basic flaws in the Medicare program, and it agree that we need to invest in our Works Committee and we will have to is these flaws which make Medicare ulti- highway transportation system. We all mately unsustainable. address the problems of this entire agree that there is a need to provide a By separating those who receive benefits country when we reauthorize the high- safe, efficient, and modern transpor- from those who pay, Medicare encourages way transportation bill this year. The tation infrastructure, and most agree overuse, waste, fraud, abuse, and cheating. people from Nevada were telling me Passage of legislation such as yours, which that too little is being spent on this about the problems we have in Nevada. creates some incentives to discover fraud important investment. The biggest rea- They are significant. We are the most and abuse, can never substitute for the self- son, though, we are spending too little rapidly growing State in the Union. We policing systems of true free markets, where on this investment is we are not spend- have traffic jams where we never had every patient has an incentive to find the ing the money we have in trust to least expensive, most cost-effective treat- them before, especially in the southern spend. Just like the example I gave ment, and to monitor for double-billing, mis- part of the State. He proceeded to tell earlier where I, as an attorney, would takes, and fraud in a way no artificial sys- me about five projects that will cost take my client’s money, just as we as tem can ever re-create. about $1 billion—extension of Highway The Seniors Coalition is happy to support a Federal Government take our client’s 95, I–15 to the California border, in the your efforts, but we urge you to undertake a money, the taxpayer, every time a gal- Reno-Carson City area we have to get thorough and long-overdue revamping of the lon of gas is purchased, we take ap- the freeway completed between Carson entire program, before its internal con- proximately 19 cents. Most of that tradictions bring it crashing down on the City and Reno, and a number of other money is required by law to be spent heads of seniors who deserve better treat- very difficult projects that cost a lot of on the infrastructure of this country ment. money. He was looking to me for guid- and it is not. That is what is wrong. Fi- Please let us know what we can do to help ance and direction as to how some of you with your efforts. nances that should go to the highway these very difficult projects could be Sincerely, construction is being use for other pur- directed—how moneys in the bill could THAIR PHILLIPS, poses. The money collected is not being be directed toward the State of Nevada. Chief Executive Officer. used, I repeat, for its intended purpose. There is no question, Mr. President, It is a perversion of the whole notion of By Mr. REID: that this is going to be a busy legisla- how a trust fund should operate. S. 265. A bill to provide off-budget tive year. As I have indicated, one of treatment for the highway trust fund; the things we will work on is the Inter- There have been earlier attempts to to the Committee on the Budget and modal Surface Transportation Effi- end this misspending by taking the the Committee on Government Affairs, ciency Act, what we call ISTEA, reau- transportation trust fund moneys off jointly, pursuant to the order of Au- thorization of the highway bill. This budget. In the House it has been suc- gust 4, 1977, with instructions that if legislation plays an integral role in the cessful. I am going to initiate an effort one committee reports, the other com- financing of our Nation’s transpor- here in the Senate too to do likewise. mittee have 30 days to report or be dis- tation infrastructure. It is a bill that They have not only gotten it out of charged. will receive bipartisan support, I hope, committee in the House, they passed it THE HIGHWAY TRUST FUND PROTECTION ACT OF for a number of reasons. Most recog- on the floor. I support these efforts 1997 nize the need to invest in our transpor- that they have initiated in the House Mr. REID. Mr. President, I have just tation infrastructure. It is that way all because I believe we need to protect come from my office where I had a over the country. the integrity of these trust funds. I be- number of meetings. I met with a The Presiding Officer of this body lieve we should attempt to get these group of lawyers this morning. They today is from a very sparsely populated funds off budget and we should do it were talking about issues that are State, but it is a big State and covers now. going to come before the Congress that a lot of area. I have driven much of the That is why I am introducing this are important to them. But in the State of Wyoming. The State of Wyo- bill, the Highway Trust Fund Protec- course of the conversation, I talked to ming has, like Nevada but in a more tion Act of 1997. It is very straight- them about the days when I was an at- exaggerated sense, a very small popu- forward. It is a short bill. By taking torney and practiced law. lation base. However, the people of Wy- the highway trust fund off budget we One of the things that has been oming travel these long distances and will be fulfilling our commitment to brought to my mind as a result of my they want to travel these distances on the taxpayer. We will be spending the meeting with those lawyers today is good roads. Not only do the people that revenues on the specific activities iden- how important it is to protect your cli- live in Wyoming need those good roads, tified as the purpose of these trust ent’s assets. If you had a case for a cli- but the State of Wyoming is sur- funds. Mr. President, the trust fund is ent, any money that came in that was rounded by States that people are try- financed by sales taxes on tires, trucks, that client’s property, you had to put ing to get to. Wyoming is a bridge buses, trailers, as well as truck usage that money in a trust account. None of State. Thousands and thousands of peo- taxes. But about 90 percent of the trust that money in that trust account could ple come to Wyoming every year to go fund revenue comes from excise taxes

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00039 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1020 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 on motor fuels. As I have indicated ear- It is unfair that we take a trust fund the Speaker, and the Senate majority lier, the majority of the motor fuel rev- and use it for purposes other than for leader. The Commission is authorized enue dedicated to the trust fund is de- which the trust fund moneys were dedi- an appropriation of $5 million for fiscal rived from 18.4 cents per gallon tax on cated. I ask all of my colleagues to fol- year 1998. gasoline. Of this, 14 cents is dedicated low the example of the other body, the The Commission shall report its rec- directly to the highway trust fund. Of House of Representatives, and join me ommendations in a single legislative the remaining 4.5 cents, 4.3 cents go to in supporting this legislation, which package by June 1, 1998. The act pro- deficit reduction and one-tenth of 1 would take these moneys off budget vides for fast-track consideration of percent goes to the leaky underground and would allow us to spend the money this legislation. In the Senate, there is storage fund. that is so badly needed for highway no time limit on debate, and only ger- Mr. President, there are many argu- construction in the United States. mane amendments will be order. In the ments for taking these trust funds off House, there will be 10 hours of general budget. I will talk about a few. First of By Mr. ROTH: debate followed by 20 hours of debate all, it represents a contract with the S. 266. A bill to establish the Govern- on all amendments. people of this country. We pass legisla- ment 2000 Commission to increase the tion that tells someone when they buy efficiency and effectiveness of the Gov- By Mr. MCCAIN: a gallon of gasoline, part of that money ernment, and for other purposes; to the S. 267. A bill to provide for the impo- is going to go into a trust fund to im- Committee on Governmental Affairs. sition of administrative fees for medi- prove the roads—the roads in Wyo- THE GOVERNMENT 2000 COMMISSION ACT care overpayment collection, and to re- ming, the roads in Nevada, and all over Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, today I am quire automated prepayment screening this country. If the highway trust introducing a bill which would estab- of Medicare claims, and for other pur- funds are not going to be used for their lish a bipartisan Government 2000 Com- poses; to the Committee on Finance. stated purpose, we should eliminate mission, charged with developing a THE MEDICARE OVERPAYMENT REDUCTION ACT the tax, or part of it. comprehensive legislative proposal to OF 1997 According to the Federal Highway reorganize, consolidate, and streamline Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, today I Administration there are significant Federal departments, agencies, and ac- am introducing legislation which ad- infrastructure needs not being met. We tivities. dresses a very serious problem in the do not need to go to the Highway Ad- Mr. President, this Commission is Medicare system—Medicare overpay- ministration. We know by our own in- very similar to the one that was in- ments. Medicare overpayments are dividual experiences in our individual cluded in S. 929 in the 104th Congress costing the Medicare trust funds bil- States that it is important we spend which was reported out of the Senate lions of dollars each year. more money on this construction. The Governmental Affairs Committee This bill imposes an administrative trust fund inclusion in the unified under my chairmanship. fee on providers who submit inaccurate budget subjects our outlays to the To make clear our objectives, this Medicare claims and are overpaid by budget process. As a result, they are legislation includes specific goals for the Health Care Financing Administra- liable to legislative spending limita- reducing costs and improving the per- tion [HCFA]. The purpose of the fee is tions. These limits are not based on formance. to discourage overpayments and to off- analysis of national transportation These goals include: a 35-percent re- set the costs which HCFA incurs while spending need. Not once in the 5 years duction in the costs of administration, recovering overpayments. since ISTEA was enacted have Federal a tenfold increase in the timeliness of In addition, this bill requires HCFA highway programs been funded at their service delivery, a compound annual to screen claims for accuracy, paying authorized levels; this, despite the fact improvement in productivity of 6 per- particular attention to procedures and that the Department of Transportation cent, and customer service levels com- services which have high rates of over- has identified billions of dollars in parable to the private sector. billings and inaccurate billings. need. The Commission’s reorganization Under Medicare part A, hospitals and Remember, Mr. President, we have plan must include no more than 10 Cab- providers are prepaid annually by approximately $20 billion in excess inet Departments—a reduction from HCFA for expected Medicare expendi- funds not being spent and going into 14—and a substantial reduction in the tures. Currently, many hospitals gross- our infrastructure needs. The balances number of agencies and subdepart- ly overestimate their Medicare funding we run in the transit highway accounts mental bureaus, offices, divisions, and needs and use the overpayment to sub- makes no sense. This money should other program operating units to sidize services delivered at their facil- and could be invested in our Nation’s eliminate duplication and fragmenta- ity which are not Medicare related. highway system. It is estimated that tion. It is also required to achieve a re- This is an abuse which must be to maintain—not improve, just main- duction in the layers of organizational stopped. This legislation will impose tain—our current highway system hierarchy and a substantial reduction an administrative fee if a hospital would cost over $200 billion. Taking the in the total number of midlevel super- overestimates its Medicare needs by highway trust funds off budget will visory, administrative, and political more than 30 percent and does not have limited effect on the deficit. The positions. repay the overpayment to HCFA with- highway trust fund is user fee sup- The Commission is charged with con- in 30 days. ported. The highway trust fund is def- sidering the consolidation of program Unlike hospitals, doctors must sub- icit proof and has never contributed a service delivery functions into oper- mit claims for payment to Medicare single penny to the budget deficit. The ating units that are independent of in- part B after they provide services to highway trust fund supports long-term dividual executive departments, to beneficiaries. However, these claims capital investments that produce eco- maximize service coordination, and sometimes are submitted for services nomic benefits, which in turn generate whether the heads of such program op- that were never provided or that are increased revenue for the Federal Gov- erating units should be nonpolitical, incorrectly coded. The fee which this ernment. noncareer appointments hired for a bill would impose will discourage phy- This bill is about protecting the in- fixed-term under an employment con- sicians from submitting false or mis- tegrity of the highway trust fund. All tract with specific, measurable pro- leading claims and will help HCFA taxpayers have an interest in this. We gram performance goals, to maximize cover the costs incurred while recov- are told when we pay taxes at the accountability. ering overpayments to providers. pump that this money goes toward There will be nine Commission mem- Most importantly, prepayment maintaining and improving our roads. I bers: Two each appointed by the Presi- screening will help eliminate overpay- wish that were so. It is a myth. It is a dent, the Speaker of the House, and the ments in the first place. The tech- myth of the highway trust fund. My Senate majority leader, and one each nology for prescreening is available legislation provides truth and budg- by the House and Senate minority and already used extensively in the pri- eting and would simply do away with leaders. The Chairman shall be ap- vate sector. I believe that it is impera- this myth. pointed by agreement of the President, tive that we start using prescreening

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00040 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1021 to improve Medicare payment accu- Under this legislation, the Secretary tinues to grow, safety concerns also in- racy. of the Interior would develop rec- crease. By addressing safety now, be- As my colleagues know, the Medicare ommendations which may include fore tragic accidents occur, we can as- system is in serious financial condition flight-free zones, curfews, and other sure the public that we have taken and will be bankrupt in 2001 if we do flight restrictions for aircraft oper- every precaution to protect visitors in not make necessary reforms. We have ating over certain national parks. The our parks. an obligation to take every possible Federal Aviation Administrator would Ten years ago, legislation I authored step to protect the Medicare trust then develop a plan, based upon these to promote safety and provide for the funds and preserve them for current recommendations, to promote quiet substantial restoration of natural quiet beneficiaries and future generations. and safety in our parks. Under the bill, in the Grand Canyon was signed into I recognize that overpayments are the entire process would be completed law. This year, the Federal Aviation not the only financial problem with within months after enactment of this Administration [FAA] issued a final Medicare, but they are a significant legislation. rule which modifies and expands flight- problem within the system. GAO re- To ensure that we take immediate free zones in the canyon. The final rule ported that over $4.1 billion was over- action in those parks experiencing the is scheduled to go into effect on May 1, paid from the trust funds in 1995. Had greatest threats to their natural re- 1997. But lawsuits threaten to further this legislation been in place, I believe sources from aircraft noise, this bill re- delay implementation of additional that we could have prevented a large quires the Secretary of the Interior to measures to meet the goals of the 1987 portion of these overpayments if not recommend a proposal for prioritizing law. prevented we could have at least im- the implementation of appropriate Moreover, the final rule does not con- posed the administrative fee and re- flight restrictions at certain parks. tain incentives for operators to convert couped a significant amount. The bill also requires the Secretary to quiet aircraft, although the FAA This bill is not the cure for what ails and the Administrator to work to- recognizes that moving to quiet air- craft technology offers the most prom- our Medicare system, but it is a step in gether on recommendations that pro- ising approach to providing for the sub- the right direction. Overpayments are pose methods to encourage the use of stantial restoration of natural quiet in costly and contribute to the Medicare quiet aircraft in our parks, unless such the Canyon. Rather, a notice of pro- solvency problem. This legislation will proposals are not needed to meet the posed rulemaking was issued outlining help stop them. goals of protecting quiet and pro- a proposal for mandating conversion to I ask unanimous consent a letter of moting safety. support from the National Committee This bill promotes safety in our na- quiet aircraft. This proposed rule- making must now undergo public com- to Preserve Social Security and Medi- tional parks by allowing the FAA Ad- ment and agency review of those com- care be included in the RECORD. ministrator, in consultation with the ments before it becomes final. In the There being no objection, the letter Secretary, to set minimum altitudes meantime, natural quiet still has not was ordered to be printed in the for overflights in certain parks and to RECORD, as follows: been restored at the Grand Canyon. prohibit flights below those minimum There are many lessons to be learned NATIONAL COMMITTEE TO PRESERVE altitudes where necessary to meet safe- SOCIAL SECURITY AND MEDICARE, from our efforts to restore natural ty goals. The bill makes safety the quiet in the Grand Canyon. The Grand Washington, DC; January 23, 1997. paramount concern for the Adminis- Hon. JOHN MCCAIN, Canyon experience teaches us that we U.S. Senate, Russell Senate Office Building, trator in developing an overflight plan cannot afford to wait until natural Washington, DC. for a national park. Under the bill, the quiet has been lost before we take steps DEAR SENATOR MCCAIN: The national Com- Administrator may revise the Sec- to protect and preserve that resource. mittee to Preserve Social Security and Medi- retary of the Interior’s recommenda- Simply put, we have found that it is care, on behalf of our 5.5 million members tions to ensure public health and safe- very difficult to undo what has already and supporters, endorses the ‘‘Medicare ty goals are met. Overpayment Reduction Act.’’ This impor- been done. Thus, wherever possible, we Mr. President, this bill is intended to must strive to prevent the impairment tant legislation will improve the Medicare begin a dialog on how we can best pro- program by encouraging greater care in of natural resources in our national claim submission and reducing the incentive mote safety and quiet in our national parks. To that end, this bill sets up a to overbill the Medicare program. parks. I am sure that this legislation process for achieving balanced and fair The ‘‘Medicare Overpayment Reduction can be refined to better meet its essen- approach to resolving noise concerns in Act’’ addresses the significant problem of tial goals and I am eager to start that other national parks before any prob- waste and abuse in the Medicare program by process. lems get out of hand in those parks, restoring to the Medicare program expendi- I also want to make clear that I fully tures that were the result of overpayments too. appreciate that air tourism provides a In addition, as a result of the Grand to providers. The bill imposes a one percent legitimate way for visitors to see na- administration fee on overpayments not re- Canyon experience, we have learned turned within 30 days by Medicare providers. tional parks and also provides an im- some very valuable lessons about what By encouraging a careful review of Medicare portant opportunity for disabled per- we can and must do to ensure safety in claims submissions by providers, this legisla- sons to view certain parks. I want to the air above our national parks. Pro- tion is an important step toward preserving ensure that this legislation provides a viding for public health and safety in the Medicare program for current and future balanced and fair approach to solving our national parks must always be a beneficiaries. safety and noise problems in our na- Thank you, Senator McCain, for your out- foremost concern in our minds when tional parks. developing any park overflight plan. standing work on behalf of older Americans. I believe this bill takes a crucial first Sincerely, Finally, I expect the administration, MARTHA A. MCSTEEN, step toward restoring and preserving a in exercising its authority under this President. vital resource within many national bill, to meet with interested groups parks—natural quiet. The natural am- and affected communities, including By Mr. MCCAIN (for himself and bient sound conditions found in a park, local chambers of commerce. These Mr. FRIST): or natural quiet, as it is commonly groups should be involved in the proc- S. 268. A bill to regulate flights over called, is precisely what many Ameri- ess before implementing any flight re- national parks, and for other purposes; cans seek to experience when they visit strictions in order to ensure that pro- to the Committee on Commerce, some of our most treasured national posed actions are appropriate and nec- Science, and Transportation. parks. Natural quiet is as crucial an essary and that all important issues THE NATIONAL PARKS OVERFLIGHTS ACT OF 1997 element of the natural beauty and have been thoroughly considered and Mr. MCCAIN. Mr. President, I rise splendor of certain parks as those re- addressed. today to introduce legislation to pro- sources that we visually observe and Again, Mr. President, this bill is in- mote safety and quiet in our national appreciate. tended to begin an open dialog on how parks. I want to thank Senator FRIST I also believe that this bill provides we can best achieve our safety and nat- for joining me as an original cosponsor important safety protections. As the ural quiet goals. Many parks through- of this bill. air tour industry in many parks con- out America are now being threatened

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00041 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1022 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 by the same kind of air pollution prob- Service field stations; to the Com- warnings, to all citizens of the region. lems and noise pollution problems that mittee on Commerce, Science, and Field offices located outside these serv- we had over the Grand Canyon. I be- Transportation. ice areas may not be able to devote the lieve we can begin to work on ways in THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE OFFICE same level of comprehensive, real-time which we can protect and preserve one CLOSURE CRITERIA ACT OF 1997 attention to weather events affecting of the most precious natural resources ∑ Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, today I these areas. Given the importance of within many of our national parks— am introducing legislation to create accurate and timely weather informa- natural quiet. At the same time, the additional office closure certification tion to rural areas subject to severe bill seeks to ensure that public health criteria for National Weather Service weather conditions, we cannot let the and safety is not compromised as a re- offices located in geographical areas of quality of weather services for these sult of increasing park overflights. I concern designated by the National Re- areas diminish. My legislation will urge my colleagues to join me in this search Council. The amendment is de- help to prevent that from happening. effort to reach an important balance signed to guarantee that weather serv- Mr. President, this is good-govern- and preserve our natural heritage while ices will be fully maintained in these ment legislation. It helps to ensure we provide for the safe and continued areas after the National Weather Serv- that an essential Federal agency enjoyment of our parks. ice completes its modernization plan. makes very well-informed and prudent My bill adds a new paragraph to sec- decisions, and it enhances the protec- By Mr. ABRAHAM: tion 706(e) of the Weather Service Mod- tion of our citizens’ lives and property. S. 269. A bill to provide that the Sec- ernization Act of 1992. This section I introduced this legislation as an retary of the Senate and the Clerk of deals with ‘‘special circumstances’’ amendment to the NOAA reauthoriza- the House of Representatives shall in- under which the Secretary may not tion bill in the Commerce Committee clude an estimate of Federal retire- close or relocate a NWS field office un- last year. The amendment was adopted ment benefits for each Member of Con- less he meets certain specified certifi- unanimously, but unfortunately the gress in their semiannual reports, and cation criteria in addition to the stand- full Senate did not have an opportunity for other purposes; to the Committee ard certification criteria that apply to to consider the bill before adjourn- on Rules and Administration. all field offices. ment. I intend to resume my efforts on THE CONGRESSIONAL PENSION DISCLOSURE ACT This legislation would create another this issue at the earliest opportunity in ∑ Mr. ABRAHAM. Mr. President, I special circumstance category for of- the new Congress. I hope other Sen- rise today to introduce S. 269 which fices that serve parts of the country ators will join me in cosponsoring this would require the Secretary of the Sen- identified as ‘‘areas of geographic con- bill and in working toward its enact- ate and the Clerk of the House of Rep- cern’’ in the National Research Coun- ment.∑ resentatives to disclose information re- cil’s June 1995, report on the mod- lating to the pensions of Members of ernization program. The NRC identi- By Ms. SNOWE: Congress. This legislation would re- fied 32 such areas of concern across the S. 272. A bill to amend the Internal quire these officers to include in their country, including Caribou, ME, Revenue Code of 1986 to allow defense semiannual reports to Congress de- Williston, ND, Baton Rouge, LA, and contractors a credit against income tax tailed information relating to the Kalispell, MT, in which a National for 20 percent of the defense conversion Members pensions. The semiannual re- Weather Service field office has been employee retraining expenses paid or ports would then be available to the proposed for closure under the mod- incurred by the contractors; to the public for inspection. ernization plan and the people who live Committee on Finance. The reports would include the indi- in the area have expressed serious con- vidual pension contributions of Mem- cerns about the impacts of it. By Ms. SNOWE: bers; an estimate of annuities which My bill would prohibit the Secretary S. 273. A bill to amend the Internal they would receive based on the ear- from closing or relocating these offices Revenue Code of 1986 to provide tax in- liest possible date they would be eligi- unless he first evaluates the effect of a centives relating to the closure, re- ble to receive annuity payments by closing or relocation on all weather in- alignment, or downsizing of military reason of retirement; and any other in- formation and services provided to installations; to the Committee on Fi- formation necessary to enable the pub- local users; and, second, he includes in nance. lic to accurately compute the Federal the standard certification required DEFENSE CONVERSION TAX CREDIT LEGISLATION retirement benefits of each Member under section 706(b), a determination ∑ Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, I am in- based on various assumptions of years that at least an equivalent level of troducing two bills today to assist of service and age of separation from weather services will be provided in the workers who have lost their jobs as a service by reason of retirement. future. result of closure or cutbacks at defense The purpose of this legislation is to This amendment provides an addi- installations or the loss of defense con- afford citizens their rightful oppor- tional but very important layer of tracts by private industry. The first tunity to learn how public funds are scrutiny to NWS plans to close field of- bill extends the existing targeted jobs being utilized. The taxpayers are not fices in areas of the country—a number tax credit to employers who hire indi- only entitled to know the various of which are sparsely populated and viduals who have lost their jobs at a forms of compensation their elected of- rural—specified in the NRC report. It Federal military installation through a ficials are being paid, they are also en- provides an extra safeguard for these closing, realignment or reduction in titled to make decisions about the rea- communities to ensure that they will force. The credit equals 40 percent of sonableness of such compensation. continue to receive at least the same the first $6,000 in wages paid to each My bill, S. 269, would make this in- level of weather information and serv- newly hired worker. The second bill I formation conveniently available to ices that they currently receive. With- am introducing provides defense con- the public. I believe that this bill out adequate safeguards, the rural tractors with an income tax credit for would eliminate the present shroud of communities described in the amend- 20 percent of costs incurred in retrain- secrecy which has surrounded the con- ment will face greater threats to public ing employees for nondefense-related gressional pension system and give the safety, infrastructure, private prop- jobs. public better access to information re- erty, agricultural production, and the Since 1988, the Department of De- garding their representatives in Con- economy generally when a local weath- fense has undertaken four base realign- gress.∑ er office closes. ment and closure [BRAC] rounds—in As experience shows, the rural field 1988, 1991, 1993, and 1995. In total the By Ms. SNOWE: offices, in particular, play a special BRAC process has authorized the clos- S. 271. A bill to require the Secretary role in gathering weather information ing of 261 military facilities, including of Commerce to ensure that at least an from diverse and disparate locales 98 major defense installations where equivalent level of service will be sup- across a large region, and in dissemi- 300 or more civilian and/or military plied to the public and affected agen- nating this information, along with jobs were eliminated. Many base clos- cies before closing National Weather standard NWS forecasts and flood ings and realignments under the BRAC

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00042 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1023 process are still in progress and their system to alert State and Federal that nation’s unfair policies in support full impact has not yet been felt. In ad- trade officials to problems in cross-bor- of its potato industry. Specifically, dition, reductions in force continue to der traffic and trade. The Council will Canada protects its domestic potato be the order of the day at the Pen- enable the United States to more effec- growers from United States competi- tagon. In December, the Navy an- tively administer trade policy with tion through a system of nontariff nounced plans to reduce civilian em- Canada by applying the wealth of in- trade barriers, such as setting con- ployment by 11,000 positions at 240 fa- sight, knowledge and expertise that re- tainer size limitations and a prohibi- cilities. sides in our northern border States on tion on bulk imports from the United The economic impact of defense this critical policy issue. States. This bulk import prohibition downsizing on the affected individuals Within the U.S. Government we al- effectively blocks United States potato and surrounding communities can be ready have the Department of Com- imports into Canada. At the same devastating. In my own State of Maine, merce and a U.S. Trade Representative. time, Canada artificially enhances the the closure of Loring Air Force Base in But the fact is that both are Federal competitiveness of its product through 1994 resulted in the loss of nearly 20 entities, responsible for our larger, na- domestic subsidies for potato growers. percent of the jobs in Aroostook Coun- tional U.S. trade interests. Too often, Another trade dispute with Canada, ty, affecting 3,000 military personnel, such entities fail to give full consider- specifically with the province of New 900 civilians and an additional 6,000 pri- ation to the interests of the 12 north- Brunswick, served as the inspiration vate sector jobs which were dependent ern States that share a border with for this legislation. In July 1993, Cana- on the air base. The annual loss of in- Canada, the longest demilitarized bor- dian federal customs officials began come to Maine’s economy from the der between 2 nations anywhere in the stopping Canadians returning from Loring closure totaled more than $370 world. The Northern Border States Maine and collecting from them the 11- million. Council will provide State trade offi- percent New Brunswick Provincial At the other end of the State, cials a mechanism to share informa- Sales Tax [PST] on goods purchased in Kittery-Portsmouth Naval Shipyard tion about cross-border traffic and Maine. Canadian Customs Officers had has seen its workforce cut from 8,600 trade. The Council will then advise the already been collecting the Canadian employees in 1989, when the Berlin wall Congress, the President, the U.S. Trade federal sales tax all across the United fell, to 3,600 today with another reduc- Representative, the Secretary of Com- States-Canada border. The collection merce, and other Federal and State tion of 454 Navy civilian jobs planned of the New Brunswick PST was specifi- trade officials on United States.-Can- for 1997. And Bath Iron Works, Maine’s cally targeted against goods purchased ada trade policies, practices, and prob- largest defense contractor, has seen its in Maine—not on goods purchased in lems. any of the other provinces bordering employment level drop from a high of Canada is America’s largest and most 12,000 in 1990 to 7,500 today. Smaller de- New Brunswick. important trading partner. Canada is After months of imploring the U.S. fense contractors in Maine have experi- by far the top purchaser of U.S. export Trade Representative to do something enced similar job losses. goods and services, as it is the largest about the imposition of the unfairly Mr. President, defense downsizing source of U.S. imports. With an econ- administered tax, Ambassador Kantor and economic conversion can be an ex- omy one-tenth the size of our own, agreed that the New Brunswick PST cruciatingly slow and painful process Canada’s economic health depends on was a violation of NAFTA, and that the for those households and communities maintaining close trade ties with the United States would include the PST in Maine and across the country who United States. While Canada accounts issue in the NAFTA dispute settlement are going through it. I feel strongly for about one-fifth of U.S. exports and process. But despite this explicit assur- that our obligation to the military and imports, the United States is the ance, the issue was not, in fact, civilian workers who, after all, helped source of two-thirds of Canada’s im- win the cold war, does not end with ports and provides the market for fully brought before NAFTA’s dispute settle- adoption of the BRAC recommenda- three-quarters of all of Canada’s ex- ment process, prompting Congress last tions. Successful defense conversion is ports. year to include an amendment I offered a long-term process requiring a multi- The United States and Canada have to immigration reform legislation call- pronged strategy that must include co- the largest bilateral trade relationship ing for the U.S. Trade Representative ordinated Government assistance to af- in the world, a relationship that is re- to take this action without further fected communities, workers, and busi- markable not only for its strength and delay. nesses. general health, but also for the inten- Throughout the early months of the The two tax credit proposals I am in- sity of the trade and border problems PST dispute, we in the State of Maine troducing today form an essential part that do frequently develop. Over the had enormous difficulty convincing our of that strategy. They will encourage last decade, Canada and the United Federal trade officials that the PST the private sector to hire workers States have signed two major trade was in fact an international trade dis- whose jobs have been lost from Federal agreements—the United States-Canada pute that warranted their attention defense facilities and will encourage Free Trade Agreement in 1989, and the and action. We had no way of knowing defense contractors to retrain workers North American Free Trade Agreement whether problems similar to the PST for employment in nondefense areas. I in 1993. Notwithstanding these trade dispute existed elsewhere along the urge my Senate colleagues to join me accords, numerous disagreements have United States-Canada border, or in supporting these important legisla- caused trade negotiators to shuttle whether it was a more localized prob- tive initiatives.∑ back and forth between Washington lem. If a body like the Northern Border and Ottawa. Most of the more well- State Trade Council had existed when By Ms. SNOWE: known trade disputes with Canada the collection of the PST began, it S. 274. A bill to establish a Northern have involved agricultural commod- could have immediately started inves- Border States-Canada Trade Council, ities such as durum wheat, peanut but- tigating the issue to determine its im- and for other purposes; to the Com- ter, dairy products, and poultry prod- pact and make recommendations on mittee on Finance. ucts, and these disputes have impacted how to deal with it. THE NORTHERN BORDER STATES COUNCIL ACT more than just the 12 northern border In short, the Northern Border States ∑ Ms. SNOWE. Mr. President, today I States. Council will serve as the eyes and ears am introducing legislation that would Each and every day, however, an of our States that share a border with establish a Northern Border States enormous quantity of trade and traffic Canada, and are most vulnerable to Council on United States-Canada crosses the United States-Canada bor- fluctuations in cross-border trade and Trade. der. There are literally thousands of traffic. The Council will be a tool for The purpose of this Council is to businesses, large and small, that rely Federal and State trade officials to use oversee cross-border trade with our Na- on this cross-border traffic and trade in monitoring their cross-border trade. tion’s largest trading partner—an ac- for their livelihood. It will help ensure that national trade tion that I believe is long overdue. The My own State of Maine has had a policy regarding America’s largest Council will serve as an early warning long-running dispute with Canada over trading partner will be developed and

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00043 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1024 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 implemented with an eye towards the S. 274 (3) if the Council determines that a Coun- unique opportunities and burdens Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- cil-member State is involved in a trade issue present to the northern border States. resentatives of the United States of America in or dispute with the Government of Canada or one of the provincial governments of Canada, The Northern Border States Council Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. making recommendations to the President, will be an advisory body, not a regu- the Congress, the United States Trade Rep- latory one. Its fundamental purpose This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Northern Border States Council Act’’. resentative, and the Secretary concerning will be to determine the nature and how to resolve the issue or dispute. SEC. 2. ESTABLISHMENT OF COUNCIL. (b) RESPONSE TO REQUESTS BY CERTAIN PEO- cause of cross-border trade issues or (a) ESTABLISHMENT.—There is established a PLE.— disputes, and to recommend how to re- council to be known as the Northern Border solve them. (1) IN GENERAL.—Upon the request of the States-Canada Trade Council (hereafter in United States Trade Representative, the Sec- The duties and responsibilities of the this Act referred to as the ‘‘Council’’). retary, a Member of Congress who represents (b) MEMBERSHIP.— Council will include, but not be limited a Council-member State, or the Governor of (1) COMPOSITION.—The Council shall be to, providing advice and policy rec- a Council-member State, the Council shall composed of 24 members consisting of 2 ommendations on such matters as tax- review and comment on— members from each of the following States: (A) reports of the Federal Government and ation and the regulation of cross-bor- (A) Maine. reports of a Council-member State govern- der wholesale and retail trade in goods (B) New Hampshire. (C) Vermont. ment concerning United States-Canada and services; taxation, regulation and trade, subsidization of food, agricultural, en- (D) New York. (E) Michigan. (B) reports of a binational panel or review ergy, and forest-products commodities; (F) Minnesota. established pursuant to chapter 19 of the and the potential for Federal and (G) Wisconsin. North American Free Trade Agreement con- State/provincial laws and regulations, (H) North Dakota. cerning the settlement of a dispute between including customs and immigration (I) Montana. the United States and Canada, regulations, to act as nontariff barriers (J) Idaho. (C) reports of an arbitral panel established pursuant to chapter 20 of the North Amer- to trade. (K) Washington. (L) Alaska. ican Free Trade Agreement concerning the As an advisory body, the Council will (2) APPOINTMENT BY STATE GOVERNORS.— settlement of a dispute between the United review and comment on all Federal Not later than 6 months after the date of the States and Canada, and and/or State reports, studies, and prac- enactment of this Act, the Secretary of Com- (D) reports of a panel or Appellate Body es- tices concerning United States-Canada merce (hereafter in this Act referred to as tablished pursuant to the General Agree- trade, with particular emphasis on all the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall appoint 2 members ment on Tariffs and Trade concerning the reports from the dispute settlement from each of the States described in para- settlement of a dispute between the United States and Canada. panels established under NAFTA. graph (1) to serve on the Council. The ap- pointments shall be made from the list of (2) DETERMINATION OF SCOPE.—Among other These Council reviews will be con- nominees submitted by the Governor of each issues, the Council shall determine whether ducted upon the request of the United such State. a trade dispute between the United States States Trade Representative, the Sec- (c) PERIOD OF APPOINTMENT; VACANCIES.— and Canada is the result of action or inac- retary of Commerce, a Member of Con- Members shall be appointed for terms that tion on the part of the Federal Government gress from any Council State, or the are coterminous with the term of the Gov- of Canada or a provincial government of Can- Governor of a Council State. ernor of the State who nominated the mem- ada. (c) COUNCIL-MEMBER STATE.—For purposes If the Council determines that the or- ber. Any vacancy in the Council shall not af- fect its powers, but shall be filled in the of this section, the term ‘‘Council-member igin of a cross-border trade dispute re- same manner as the original appointment. State’’ means a State described in section sides with Canada, the Council would (d) INITIAL MEETING.—Not later than 30 2(b)(1) which is represented on the Council determine, to the best of its ability, if days after the date on which all members of established under section 2(a). the source of the dispute is the Cana- the Council have been appointed, the Council SEC. 4. REPORT TO CONGRESS. dian Federal Government or a Cana- shall hold its first meeting. Not later than 2 years after the date of the dian provincial government. (e) MEETINGS.—The Council shall meet at enactment of this Act and at the end of each 2-year period thereafter, the Council shall The goal of this legislation is not to the call of the Chairperson. (f) QUORUM.—A majority of the members of submit a report to the President and the create another Federal trade bureauc- the Council shall constitute a quorum, but a Congress which contains a detailed state- racy. The Council will be made up of lesser number of members may hold hear- ment of the findings, conclusions, and rec- individuals nominated by the Gov- ings. ommendations of the Council. ernors and approved by the Secretary (g) CHAIRPERSON AND VICE CHAIRPERSON.— SEC. 5. POWERS OF THE COUNCIL. of Commerce. Each northern border The Council shall select a Chairperson and (a) HEARINGS.—The Council may hold such State will have two members on the Vice Chairperson from among its members. hearings, sit and act at such times and Council. The Council members will be The Chairperson and Vice Chairperson shall places, take such testimony, and receive each serve in their respective positions for a such evidence as the Council considers advis- unpaid, and serve a 2-year term. period of 2 years, unless such member’s term able to carry out the provisions of this Act. The Northern Border States Council is terminated before the end of the 2-year pe- Notice of Council hearings shall be published on United States-Canada Trade will riod. in the Federal Register in a timely manner. not solve all of our trade problems with SEC. 3. DUTIES OF THE COUNCIL. (b) INFORMATION FROM FEDERAL AGEN- Canada. But it will ensure that the (a) IN GENERAL.—The duties and respon- CIES.—The Council may secure directly from voices and views of our northern border sibilities of the Council shall include— any Federal department or agency such in- States are heard in Washington by our (1) advising the President, the Congress, formation as the Council considers necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. Upon Federal trade officials. For too long the United States Trade Representative, the Secretary, and other appropriate Federal and the request of the Chairperson of the Coun- their voices were ignored, and the State officials, with respect to— cil, the head of such department or agency northern border States have had to suf- (A) the development and administration of shall furnish such information to the Coun- fer severe economic consequences at United States-Canada trade policies, prac- cil. times because of it. This legislation tices, and relations, (c) POSTAL SERVICES.—The Council may will bring our States into their rightful (B) taxation and regulation of cross-border use the United States mails in the same position as full partners in issues that wholesale and retail trade in goods and serv- manner and under the same conditions as other departments and agencies of the Fed- affect cross-border trade and traffic ices between the United States and Canada, (C) taxation, regulation, and subsidization eral Government. with our country’s largest trading of agricultural products, energy products, (d) GIFTS.—The Council may accept, use, partner. and forest products, and and dispose of gifts or donations of services I urge my colleagues to join me in (D) the potential for any United States or or property. supporting this important legislation. Canadian customs or immigration law or SEC. 6. COUNCIL PERSONNEL MATTERS. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- policy to result in a barrier to trade between (a) MEMBERS TO SERVE WITHOUT COMPENSA- sent that the text of the bill be printed the United States and Canada, TION.—Except as provided in subsection (b), (2) monitoring the nature and cause of members of the Council shall receive no in the RECORD. trade issues and disputes that involve one of compensation, allowances, or benefits by There being no objection, the bill was the Council-member States and either the reason of service to the Council. ordered to be printed in the RECORD, as Canadian Government or one of the provin- (b) TRAVEL EXPENSES.—The members of follows: cial governments of Canada; and the Council shall be allowed travel expenses,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00044 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1025 including per diem in lieu of subsistence, at tinguished colleagues, Senators WAR- rights-of-way; revert to public owner- rates authorized for employees of agencies NER, MOYNIHAN, and BOND, have agreed ship; and, come from a State’s 20-year under subchapter I of chapter 57 of title 5, to join me in this effort. transportation plan. These criteria en- United States Code, while away from their One needs only to venture a few sure that the projects selected meet a homes or regular places of business in the State or locality’s broad transpor- performance of services for the Council. blocks from here to see the terrible (c) STAFF.— condition of many of the Nation’s tation goals. (1) IN GENERAL.—The Chairperson of the roads and bridges. Regrettably, the A revenue estimate for this legisla- Council may, without regard to the civil United States faces a significant short- tion has not yet been completed, how- service laws, appoint and terminate an exec- fall in funding for our highway and ever we anticipate that the bill will not utive director and such other additional per- bridge infrastructure needs. result in a revenue loss for the Federal sonnel as may be necessary to enable the The investment need comes at a time Government. The projects that are can- Council to perform its duties. The employ- when we in Congress are desperately didates to participate in this pilot pro- ment of an executive director shall be sub- looking for ways to reduce spending to gram are ones that are likely to be ject to confirmation by the Council and the funded by tax-exempt bonds issued by Secretary. balance the budget. State governments (2) COMPENSATION.—The Chairperson of the face similar budget pressures. It is in- State and local governments. There- Council may fix the compensation of the ex- cumbent upon us to look at new and in- fore, the bill should not result in an in- ecutive director and other personnel without novative ways to make the most of crease in the amount of tax-exempt regard to the provisions of chapter 51 and limited resources to address significant bonds that will be issued. Furthermore, subchapter III of chapter 53 of title 5, United needs. it is possible, depending on the effi- States Code, relating to classification of po- In the United States, highway and ciencies resulting from substantial pri- sitions and General Schedule pay rates, ex- bridge infrastructure is the responsi- vate sector participation, that the bill cept that the rate of pay for the executive di- actually would result in fewer bonds rector and other personnel may not exceed bility of the Government. Governments build, own, and operate public high- being issued and therefore would pro- the rate payable for level V of the Executive vide a revenue increase for the Federal Schedule under section 5316 of such title. ways, roads, and bridges. In many Government. (d) DETAIL OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES.— other countries, however, the private The bonds issued under this pilot pro- Any Federal Government employee may be sector, and private capital, construct gram will be subject to the rules and detailed to the Council without reimburse- and operate important facilities. These ment, and such detail shall be without inter- regulations governing private activity countries have found that increasing ruption or loss of civil service status or bonds. Moreover, the bonds issued privilege. the private sector’s role in major high- under the program will not count (e) PROCUREMENT OF TEMPORARY AND way transportation projects offers op- against a State’s tax-exempt volume INTERMITTENT SERVICES.—The Chairperson of portunities for construction cost sav- cap. the Council may procure temporary and ings and more efficient operation. They This legislation has been endorsed by intermittent services under section 3109(b) of also open the door for new construction Project America, a coalition dedicated title 5, United States Code, at rates for indi- techniques and technologies. to improving our Nation’s infrastruc- viduals which do not exceed the daily equiva- To help meet the Nation’s infrastruc- lent of the annual rate of basic pay pre- ture, and the Public Securities Asso- scribed for level V of the Executive Schedule ture needs, we must take advantage of ciation. under section 5316 of such title. private sector resources by opening up I hope that this bill can be one in a (f) OFFICE SPACE.—The Secretary shall pro- avenues for the private sector to take series of new approaches to meeting vide office space for Council activities and the lead in designing, constructing, fi- our substantial transportation infra- for Council personnel. nancing, and operating highway facili- structure needs and will be one of the SEC. 7. TERMINATION OF THE COUNCIL. ties. approaches that will help us find more The Council shall terminate on the date A substantial barrier to private sec- efficient methods to design and to that is 54 months after the date of the enact- tor participation in the provision of build the Nation’s transportation infra- ment of this Act and shall submit a final re- highway infrastructure is the cost of structure. port to the President and the Congress under capital. Under current Federal tax law, I encourage my colleagues to join me section 4 at least 90 days before such termi- nation. highways built by Government can be as cosponsors of this important initia- tive. SEC. 8. AUTHORIZATION OF APPROPRIATIONS. financed using tax-exempt debt, but those built by the private sector, or (a) IN GENERAL.—There are authorized to By Mr. COCHRAN (for himself, be appropriated from amounts made avail- those with substantial private sector able by appropriations to the Department of participation, cannot. As a result, pub- Mr. COVERDELL, and Mr. Commerce an amount not to exceed $250,000 lic/private partnerships in the provi- HELMS): S. 277. A bill to amend the Agricul- for fiscal year 1996 and for each fiscal year sion of highway facilities are unlikely tural Adjustment Act to restore the ef- thereafter to the Council to carry out the to materialize, despite the potential ef- fectiveness of certain provisions regu- provisions of this Act. ficiencies in design, construction, and (b) AVAILABILITY.—Any sums appropriated lating Federal milk marketing orders; operation offered by such arrange- under the authorization contained in this to the Committee on Agriculture, Nu- section shall remain available, without fiscal ments. trition, and Forestry. year limitation, until expended.∑ To increase the amount of private FEDERAL MILK MARKETING ORDERS sector participation in the provision of LEGISLATION By Mr. CHAFEE (for himself, Mr. highway infrastructure, the Tax Code’s ∑ Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, today WARNER, Mr. MOYNIHAN, and bias against private sector participa- I am introducing legislation to reau- Mr. BOND): tion must be addressed. thorize seasonal base plans for Federal S. 275. A bill to amend the Internal The Highway Infrastructure Privat- milk marketing orders. Revenue Code of 1986 to provide for tax- ization Act creates a pilot program This program encourages dairy farm- exempt financing of private sector aimed at encouraging the private sec- ers to stabilize their milk production highway infrastructure construction; tor to help meet the transportation in- seasonally. This results in more stable to the Committee on Finance. frastructure needs for the 21st century. production in the fall and winter, when THE HIGHWAY INFRASTRUCTURE PRIVATIZATION It makes tax-exempt financing avail- there is an economic disincentive for ACT able for a total of 15 highway privatiza- dairy farmers to produce milk, and Mr. CHAFEE. Mr. President, today, I tion projects. The total face value of thereby ensures stable milk prices to am introducing legislation which will bonds that can be issued under this consumers. allow the private sector to take a more program is limited to $25 billion. Mr. President, this is a matter of active role in building and operating The 15 projects authorized under the fairness. Seasonal base plans were in- our Nation’s highway infrastructure. program will be selected by the Sec- stituted under the Agricultural Act of The Highway Infrastructure Privatiza- retary of Transportation, in consulta- 1933. Currently, seasonal base plans are tion Act will allow the private sector tion with the Secretary of the Treas- included in five Federal milk mar- to gain access to tax-exempt bond fi- ury. To qualify under this program, keting orders that affect producers in nancing for a limited number of high- projects selected must: serve the gen- 25 States. Without extension of this au- way projects. I am pleased that my dis- eral public; be on publicly owned thority expeditiously, dairy producers

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00045 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1026 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 in those five orders who adjusted their S. 278 should not be altered to require supple- production last fall will receive lower Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Rep- mentary information and to specifically dis- average prices while those who made resentatives of the United States of America in criminate against servicemembers. There- no adjustments will receive higher av- Congress assembled, fore, we strongly support your effort to pre- erage prices. SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. clude unfair sanctions from being imposed This is not a new issue to my col- This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Military on members of the uniformed services and leagues. In fact, during consideration Voting Rights Act of 1997’’. will do our utmost to generate strong grass- of the fiscal year 1997 Agriculture Ap- SEC. 2. GUARANTEE OF RESIDENCY. roots support for the enactment of the ‘‘Mili- Article VII of the Soldiers’ and Sailors’ tary Voting Rights Act of 1997.’’ propriations Act, the Senate approved Civil Relief Act of 1940 (50 U.S.C. 700 et seq.) the extension of seasonal base plan au- Sincerely, is amended by adding at the end the fol- PAUL W. ARCARI, thority until the year 2002. The 1996 lowing: Colonel, USAF (Ret), farm bill requires the Secretary of Ag- ‘‘SEC. 704. (a) For purposes of voting for an Director, Government Relations. riculture to submit a reform plan for office of the United States or of a State, a Federal milk marketing orders by 1999 person who is absent from a State in compli- THE AMERICAN LEGION, and this bill reauthorizes the base ex- ance with military or naval orders shall not, solely by reason of that absence— NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS, cess plans until 1999. This will ensure ‘‘(1) be deemed to have lost a residence or Indianapolis, IN, February 5, 1997. that the market environment the Sec- domicile in that State; Hon. PHIL GRAMM, retary was directed to reform exists ‘‘(2) be deemed to have acquired a resi- U.S. Senate, until he has a chance to submit his dence or domicile in any other State; or Washington, DC. plan. ‘‘(3) be deemed to have become a resident in or a resident of any other State. DEAR SENATOR GRAMM: On behalf of The I hope my colleagues will support American Legion, I want to note our appre- this legislation.∑ ‘‘(b) In this section, the term ‘State’ in- cludes a territory or possession of the United ciation and express our support for The Mili- tary Voting Rights Act of 1997 which, I un- By Mr. GRAMM (for himself, Mrs. States, a political subdivision of a State, ter- ritory, or possession, and the District of Co- derstand, will soon go to the floor of the HUTCHISON, Mr. SESSIONS, and lumbia.’’. United States Senate. Mr. COVERDELL): SEC. 3. STATE RESPONSIBILITY TO GUARANTEE One of the most important responsibilities S. 278. A bill to guarantee the right MILITARY VOTING RIGHTS. of all active military personnel, mer- for the people of a free nation is exercising (a) REGISTRATION AND BALLOTING.—Section their franchise. One of the most precious chant mariners, and their dependents 102 of the Uniformed and Overseas Absentee rights we have as Americans is access to the Voting Act (42 U.S.C. 1973ff–1) is amended— to vote in Federal, State, and local ballot box. That right and that responsi- (1) by inserting ‘‘(a) ELECTIONS FOR FED- elections; to the Committee on Rules bility is as important to our nation’s active and Administration. ERAL OFFICES.—’’ before ‘‘Each State shall—’’; and duty military as it is to the rest of the popu- THE MILITARY VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF 1997 (2) by adding at the end the following: lation. ∑ Mr. GRAMM. Mr. President, this bill ‘‘(b) ELECTIONS FOR STATE AND LOCAL OF- Anyone who has served the nation in its would guarantee that active duty mili- FICES.—Each State shall— military knows that every right enjoyed and tary personnel and their dependents ‘‘(1) permit absent uniformed services vot- exercised by the average American is, of ne- ers to use absentee registration procedures have the right to vote in Federal, cessity, not inherent in military service. The and to vote by absentee ballot in general, State, and local elections. human body is a remarkable thing. When one special, primary, and run-off elections for On December 19, 1996, Texas Rural of the senses is diminished, others increase Legal Aid [TLRA] filed suit against Val State and local offices; and ‘‘(2) accept and process, with respect to to compensate. The loss of sight may well Verde County, TX, alleging that 800 any election described in paragraph (1), any lead to an acute sense of hearing. This con- military absentee ballots were improp- otherwise valid voter registration applica- cept could be applied to military service. erly counted in local races. The chal- tion from an absent uniformed services voter Forfeiting the comforts of home and family, lenge argues that the Uniformed and if the application is received by the appro- of occupational pursuits and the protection Overseas Absentee Voting Act was not priate State election official not less than 30 of our borders, the opportunity to vote be- intended to allow voting in State and days before the election.’’. comes a more cherished right, a more height- local elections. (b) CONFORMING AMENDMENT.—The heading ened responsibility. for title I of such Act is amended by striking The Military Voting Rights Act of Those whose lives are on the line daily will out ‘‘FOR FEDERAL OFFICE’’. 1997 amends the Uniformed and Over- someday return to their homes. They will re- turn to a government that shapes their com- seas Absentee Voting Act to make ex- THE RETIRED munity and effects the lives of all those plicit the right of active duty military OFFICERS ASSOCIATION, personnel and their dependents to vote Alexandria, VA, February 5, 1997. within. It follows then that those on active duty in a foreign country should be accorded in all Federal, State, and local elec- Hon. PHIL GRAMM, tions. This change is consistent with U.S. Senate, every opportunity help structure that gov- the way the law has historically been Washington, DC. ernment locally, across the state, and at the federal level. interpreted by State election officials. DEAR SENATOR GRAMM: On behalf of the In addition, the Military Voting nearly 400,000 members of the Retired Offi- To you and other supporters of The Mili- Rights Act of 1997 amends the Soldiers’ cers Association, of which 33,000 members tary Voting Rights Act of 1997 goes the grati- and Sailors’ Civil Relief Act of 1940 to plus their families reside in Texas, I want to tude of our Organization. I believe it accu- express our strong support for the ‘‘Military rate to say that the young men and women extend additional voting rights protec- Voting Rights Act of 1997.’’ It’s a travesty tions to our Nation’s military forces. who protect our nation and its interests that a taxpayer-funded group like the Texas through military service have the full sup- This section guarantees that extended Rural Legal Aid (TRLA) would represent in- port of our nation’s people and its govern- absences incurred as a result of service dividuals in an action to deny military mem- ment. And they should have every chance to bers the right to vote by absentee ballot in to the Nation do not result in the loss exercise their franchise in support of it. of residency for voting purposes. Val Verde County, Texas. Although TRLA has now withdrawn from Sincerely, The assertion of TLRA that our sol- JOSEPH E. CAOUCTTE, Jr., diers can lose the right to vote in State the suit and deferred to a private attorney, the case remains a threat to the voting Chairman, National and local elections by virtue of service- rights of active duty personnel and their Americanism Commission. connected absences is absurd and must families. Should the view enunciated by not be allowed to go unanswered. The TRLA prevail, military personnel who were NATIONAL ASSOCIATION FOR Military Voting Rights Act of 1997 absent because of exigencies of the service UNIFORMED SERVICES, makes it clear that those who protect would be denied a fundamental right to vote. Springfield, VA, February 5, 1997. our freedom should not be denied the Many of these individuals, who are daily Hon. PHIL GRAMM, right to exercise freedoms they pro- placed in ‘‘harms way’’ in areas like Bosnia, U.S. Senate, tect. would rightfully question why they should Washington, DC. Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- be treated like second class citizens and be subjected to different registration proce- DEAR SENATOR GRAMM: The National Asso- sent that additional material be print- dures than individuals who register to vote ciation for Uniformed Services thanks you ed in the RECORD. by any other means under state law. for your action to ensure active duty per- There being no objection, the mate- The current practice that enables an ab- sonnel and their family members have the rial was ordered to be printed in the sentee voter to submit a Federal Post Card right to vote in federal, state, and local elec- RECORD, as follows: Application has long-standing roots and tions.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00046 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1027 We support strongly your ‘‘Military Voting been lucky to have had the opportunity American employees take time to deal Rights Act of 1997’’ which amends the ‘‘Un- to be involved in their lives. But many with serious family health problems, formed and Overseas Absentee Voting Act’’. parents do not have the time it takes and which 90 percent of businesses had Your bill will make more explicit the right to do those little things that will as- little or no cost implementing—and I of active duty personnel and their family members to vote in federal, state, and local sure their child’s success in school. see success. People in my State have elections with absentee ballots as the ‘‘Sol- By expanding the uses of one of the been able to deal with urgent family dier’s and Sailors’ Civil Relief Act of 1940’’ most successful laws in years, I want needs, without having to give up their has historically been interpreted by state to give parents something they don’t jobs. election officials. have enough of—time. My bill expands the uses of Family Any assertion that military personnel, who When I tour schools in my home and Medical Leave to another urgent are serving their country, can lose their State of Washington, I often hear need families face—the need to help right to vote in state and local elections be- young people say, ‘‘Adults don’t seem their children learn. cause of their service-connected absences is to care about me.’’ We know that’s not Now we need to grant employees the outrageous! All the brave men and women of true, but we need to show them that the armed forces serving throughout the same peace of mind about preventing world are grateful for your prompt, decisive adults do care. And one of the best problems in school that can lead to big- action to preserve their Constitutional right places to start is to reaffirm the impor- ger problems for their children later to vote. tance of their education by taking on. The time is right for the Time for Sincerely, steps to help their families get more Schools Act. J.C. PENNINGTON, involved in schools. Major General, U.S. Army (Ret.), These days we have many dual-in- f President. come families and single parents strug- ADDITIONAL COSPONSORS gling to work to make ends meet. All AIR FORCE ASSOCIATION of these families know how important S. 70 Arlington, VA, February 5, 1997. it is to be involved in their children’s At the request of Mrs. BOXER, the Hon. PHIL GRAMM, name of the Senator from Illinois [Ms. Senate Russell Building, learning. However, a recent study, Parents as MOSELEY-BRAUN] was added as a co- Washington, DC. sponsor of S. 70, a bill to apply the DEAR SENATOR GRAMM: The Air Force As- School Partners research initiative, sociation strongly endorses your sponsorship sponsored by the National Council of same quality and safety standards to of ‘‘The Military Voting Rights Act of 1997.’’ Jewish Women’s Center for the Child, domestically manufactured handguns The right of active duty military personnel found that a basic lack of time was one that are currently applied to imported and their dependents to vote in all federal, of the main barriers to more parental handguns. state and local elections needs to again be involvement at schools. S. 183 reemphasized to state and local election offi- Educational studies have shown that At the request of Mr. DODD, the cials. Recent problems in Texas have again family involvement is more important reminded us that the right to vote must be names of the Senator from Minnesota fought for time and time again. Your legisla- to student success than family income [Mr. WELLSTONE], the Senator from Ha- tion, once enacted, will help to correct this or education. In fact, things parents waii [Mr. AKAKA], and the Senator inequity. control, such as limiting excess tele- from Washington [Mrs. MURRAY] were We pledge our support to assist you by vision watching and providing a vari- added as cosponsors of S. 183, a bill to seeking additional cosponsors, to inform our ety of reading materials in the home, amend the Family and Medical Leave members nationwide of your effort and to account for almost all the differences Act of 1993 to apply the Act to a great- help in any appropriate way. —nearly 90 percent—in average student er percentage of the United States Sincerely, achievement across States. ∑ workforce, and for other purposes. DOYLE E. LARSON. All sectors of our communities want S. 212 By Mrs. MURRAY (for herself, more time for young people. Students, teachers, parents and businesses feel At the request of Mr. WELLSTONE, the Mr. DODD, Mr. DASCHLE, Mr. something must be done to improve name of the Senator from Massachu- KENNEDY, Mr. HARKIN, Ms. family involvement. In fact, 89 percent setts [Mr. KERRY] was added as a co- MOSELEY-BRAUN, Mr. INOUYE, of company executives identified the sponsor of S. 212, a bill to increase the Mr. LAUTENBERG, Mr. WELL- biggest obstacle to school reform as maximum Federal Pell Grant award in STONE, Mr. KERRY, and Mr. the lack of parental involvement. order to allow more American students AKAKA): And, a 1996 postelection poll commis- to afford higher education, and to ex- S. 280. A bill to amend the Family sioned by the national PTA and other press the Sense of the Senate. and Medical Leave Act of 1993 to allow organizations found that 86 percent of employees to take school involvement f people favor legislation that would leave to participate in the school ac- SENATE CONCURRENT RESOLU- allow workers unpaid leave to attend tivities of their children or to partici- TION 5—RELATIVE TO THE parent-teacher conferences, or to take pate in literacy training, and for other NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY OF other actions to improve learning for purposes; to the Committee on Labor 1949 their children. and Human Resources. A commitment to our children is a Mr. ROTH (for himself, Mr. LIEBER- THE TIME FOR SCHOOLS ACT OF 1997 commitment to the future. I want to MAN, Mr. LUGAR, Ms. MIKULSKI, Mr. Mrs. MURRAY. Mr. President, 4 make sure all young people receive the HAGEL, Mr. MCCAIN, Mr. COCHRAN, Mr. years ago today, thanks to the hard attention they need to succeed. ENZI, and Ms. MOSELEY-BRAUN) sub- work of Senator DODD, we passed the My legislation will allow parents mitted the following concurrent resolu- Family and Medical Leave Act. It was time to: First, attend a parent/teacher tion; which was referred to the Com- one of the first things I did as a newly conference; second, interview a new mittee on Foreign Relations: elected Senator. And I am proud of its school for their child; and third, par- S. CON. RES. 5 success. In fact, it is probably the sin- ticipate in family literacy training. Whereas the North Atlantic Treaty Organi- gle most effective law passed by Con- Just last week, I talked to a woman zation (NATO) is a community of democ- gress this decade. from Bellevue who has an 11-year-old racies that continues to play a critical role Now I want to expand the scope of special needs daughter in school. Both in addressing the security challenges of the FMLA to apply to participation in our she and her husband work during the post-Cold War era and in creating an envi- schools. The Time for Schools Act of day, but he cannot get away for school ronment of enduring peace and stability in 1997 will allow parents 24 hours per activities. She told me my legislation Europe; year to participate in activities in would allow her husband to attend Whereas NATO remains the only security their child’s school. alliance with both real defense capabilities school conferences and participate in and transatlantic membership; As the mother of two children—one a their child’s education for the first Whereas the North Atlantic Council held a teenager in high school—I know how time. ministerial meeting on December 10, 1996, at difficult and how important it is to I look at the Family and Medical NATO Headquarters in Brussels, Belgium, participate in their education. I have Leave Act—which has helped one in six and—

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00047 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1028 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 (1) decided to hold a summit meeting on (8) reserves the right of advice and consent blueprint for building the alliance’s re- July 8 and 9, 1997, during which it will extend to the ratification of treaties and pledges se- lationship with the new democracies of invitations to accession negotiations to one riously and responsibly to review the results Central and Eastern Europe. or more countries that have participated in of accession negotiations between the North The communique calls for the alli- the process of intensified dialogue with Atlantic Council and prospective NATO ance to advance its original objectives NATO; members. (2) established for the North Atlantic Alli- SEC. 2. The Secretary of the Senate shall by moving toward the integration of ance the goal of welcoming one or more new transmit a copy of this concurrent resolu- these nations. It articulates the North members by the time of the Alliance’s fif- tion to the President. Atlantic Council’s intention at its July tieth anniversary in 1999; summit meeting in Madrid, to extend (3) announced that the Council seeks to Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, one of the greatest foreign policy opportunities invitations to accession negotiations reach agreement with the Russian Federa- to one or more countries which have tion on arrangements that would widen and and challenges before the 105th Con- deepen the current relationship between the gress is the consolidation of a wider, participated in NATO’s intensified dia- Russian Federation and NATO in order to en- peaceful, and democratic Europe. log process. hance security and stability in the Euro-At- The inclusion of the new democracies The communique establishes for the lantic area; and of Central and Eastern Europe in the alliance the goal of welcoming new (4) announced its commitment to further members by the time of NATO’s 50th developing and reinforcing a distinctive and core institutions of the transatlantic community has been a cornerstone of anniversary in 1999. effective relationship with Ukraine; It also announces the North Atlantic American foreign policy for the last 50 Whereas Congress has repeatedly endorsed, Council’s objective to reach agreement with bipartisan majorities, the enlargement years. with the Russian Federation on ar- of NATO through the enactment of legisla- Its attainment remains both a stra- rangements that will widen and deepen tion that includes the NATO Participation tegic and moral imperative for the their current relationship in order to Act of 1994, the NATO Participation Act United States. enhance security and stability in the Amendments of 1995, and the NATO Enlarge- A key step toward this end is the in- ment Facilitation Act of 1996; Euro-Atlantic area. Whereas the North Atlantic Assembly, a clusion of democracies from Central Mr. President, NATO enlargement is multinational body composed of delegations and Eastern Europe as full members in not a new issue before the Congress, from the 16 signatory nations of the North the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- but it is among the most important Atlantic Treaty, has called for the Alliance tion [NATO]. foreign policy issues the 105th Congress to welcome new members through the adop- This is a step that has been endorsed will face. tion of resolutions, including Resolution 255 by the U.S. Congress. It is a step that (1994) entitled ‘‘NATO Partnership for Peace The timeline established by the has been endorsed by the American North Atlantic Council is both worthy and the Enlargement Process’’, Resolution people. 268 (1996) entitled ‘‘On a Wider Alliance for and challenging. Enhanced Stability and Freedom’’, and Reso- It’s a step that must be taken. NATO’s 50th anniversary will be in lution 271 (1996) entitled ‘‘Toward the 1997 I was glad to hear the President em- April of 1999. To ensure the accession of NATO Summit’’; phasize last night in his State of the new members into the alliance by that Whereas the enlargement of NATO, a de- Union Address that the first task of date, 16 parliaments or legislatures will fensive alliance, threatens no nation and re- our foreign policy is to build an undi- have to ratify accession treaties. inforces peace and stability in Europe, the vided, democratic Europe. Considering the important role the enlargement of NATO would provide benefits He is right to emphasize that a wider United States will have to play in en- to all nations; NATO and stable partnership between Whereas NATO has extended its member- suring success in this process, it is in- ship to additional nations on three different the alliance and Russia are corner- cumbent upon the 105th Congress to occasions since its founding in 1949; and stones to this vision. lead the ratification process. Whereas the new members of the North At- As we look to the 21st century, and Toward this end, I call upon my col- lantic Alliance must assume all the rights the uncertainties that still threaten leagues to endorse the goals and time- and obligations under the North Atlantic our vital interests and those of our al- table established by the North Atlantic Treaty, signed at Washington on April 4, lies—as we see the need to maintain an 1949: Now, therefore, be it Council through a resolution sponsored Resolved by the Senate (the House of Rep- organization that is dedicated to safe- by Senators LIEBERMAN, LUGAR, MIKUL- resentatives concurring), That Congress— guarding freedoms, promoting democ- SKI, HAGEL, MCCAIN, COCHRAN, and my- (1) regards the political independence and racy, and supporting the rule of law— self. territorial integrity of the emerging democ- we realize that NATO is critical to our I encourage my colleagues to ap- racies in Central and Eastern Europe as vital future. proach this resolution with an eye to- to European peace and security and, thus, to It is not enough to win the cold war; ward the July summit in Madrid. the interests of the United States; we must now ensure the peace. This is (2) endorses the goal established by the The principal theme of this summit North Atlantic Council to welcome one or NATO’s commission * * * a commis- will be enlargement, and this resolu- more new members by the time of the fif- sion the alliance must continue to tion expresses the ‘‘sense of Congress tieth anniversary of the North Atlantic Alli- carry out. that the extension of membership in ance in 1999; Now more than ever, NATO has the NATO to the democracies of Central (3) calls upon the Alliance to extend invita- opportunity to fulfill the role for which and Eastern Europe is essential to the tions to accession negotiations to those na- it was originally intended. consolidation of enduring peace and tions who seek membership in NATO and Those who know the history of the stability in Europe.’’ who are ready to make a net contribution to alliance understand the historic sig- the Alliance’s security by 1999, including Po- The resolution we introduce today land, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Slo- nificance of this moment. With the also reviews congressional support for venia; cold war behind us, NATO is now in the NATO enlargement—as well as the sup- (4) endorses the commitment of the North position to consolidate a wider demo- port of the North Atlantic Assembly Atlantic Council further to develop and rein- cratic Europe—the very reason for which represents over 200 legislators force a distinctive and effective relationship which the alliance was born. from more than 40 political parties between the Alliance and Ukraine; We must welcome this. around the world. (5) endorses the pledge of the North Atlan- Enlarging and strengthening the alli- Most importantly, this resolution de- tic Council that the Alliance will remain open to the accession of further members in ance is a catalyst for increased secu- clares that Congress regards the polit- accordance with Article 10 of the Washington rity, productive communication, en- ical independence and territorial integ- Treaty; hanced cooperation, and common ob- rity of emerging democracies in Cen- (6) endorses the Alliance’s decision to seek jectives. tral and Eastern Europe as vital to Eu- a charter with Russia that reflects the com- An alliance that is outward-looking ropean peace and security and, thus, to mon interest that Russia and the Alliance and inclusive provides a framework for the interests of the United States. have in reinforcing enduring peace and sta- peace that possesses infinite capabili- Our resolution calls upon the alli- bility in Europe; (7) calls upon the President to fully use his ties. ance, during the Madrid summit, to ex- offices to facilitate the objectives and com- For these reasons, the North Atlantic tend invitations to accession negotia- mitments described in paragraphs (2) Council recently issued an historic tions to Poland, the Czech Republic, through (6); and communique that offers a long-awaited Hungary, and Slovenia.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00048 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1029 It endorses the pledge of the North Whereas, it has been observed that ‘‘when- ture. We welcome as a contribution the im- Atlantic Council that the alliance will ever Europe and the United States go sepa- portant decisions taken at the recent OSCE remain open to the accession of further rate ways, they pay a terrible price’’ and the Summit in Lisbon and the decision by the members in accordance with article 10 security of the United States is dependent States Parties to the CFE Treaty to begin upon the stability of Central Europe, of negotiations in early 1997 with a view to- of the Washington Treaty. which Poland is a vital part. wards adapting the Treaty to the changing It also endorses the alliance’s deci- Now, therefore, be it security environment in Europe. sion to seek a charter with Russia that Resolved by the Council of the City of Wil- 2. Against this background, we have de- reflects the common interest that Rus- mington, Delaware, That: cided to recommend to our Heads of State sia and the alliance have in reinforcing 1. This Council respectfully urges the and Government to convene a Summit meet- enduring peace and stability in Europe. President of the United States and the Con- ing in Madrid on 8/9 July 1997 to set the Finally, this resolution reserves the gress of the United States to continue their course for the Alliance as it moves towards support of the Republic of Poland’s entry the 21st century, consolidating Euro-Atlan- Senate’s right of advise and consent tic security. To achieve this aim, major deci- over international treaties. It pledges into the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and to support the establishment during 1997 sions will have to be taken by the time of that the Senate will seriously and re- and 1998 of a timetable for such entry, partly the Summit concerning NATO’s internal ad- sponsibly review the outcomes of ac- in order that NATO may be cohesive, effec- aptation, the opening of the Alliance and its cession negotiations between the North tive, credible and display a sense of co-re- ability to carry out all its new roles and mis- Atlantic Council and prospective NATO sponsibility for the security and stability of sions. The agenda for our Summit will in- members. the whole of Europe. clude: Passage of this resolution prior to 2. The City Clerk is hereby directed to for- Agreeing a new command structure, which ward duly authenticated copies of this reso- enables all Allies to participate fully, and the Madrid summit meeting in July further advancing the implementation of the lution to the President of the United States; would reiterate and reaffirm both at Combined Joint Task Force (CJTF) concept, the Presiding Officer of both branches of the home and abroad the strong bipartisan in order to enhance the Alliance’s ability to United States Congress; the members thereof carry out the full range of its missions, while support behind NATO enlargement in from the State of Delaware, including Sen- the United States. preserving the capability for collective ator Joseph R. Biden, Jr. of the Senate For- defence, based on a strong transatlantic This would strengthen the Presi- eign Relations Committee; Robert Hunter, dent’s position within the alliance on partnership; the U.S. Permanent Representative to Finalizing, to the satisfaction of all Allies, the issue of enlargement as he prepares NATO; Marek Lesniewski-Laas, the Hon- all the necessary arrangements for the Euro- for the July summit in Madrid. orary Consul of the Republic of Poland; and pean Security and Defense Identity (ESDI) And, it would further reinforce the former Wilmington Mayor John E. Babiarz. within NATO, which will allow for the prepa- groundwork that has been laid for Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, this reso- ration and conduct of WEU-led operations NATO enlargement, demonstrating lution, as well as the one that we are with the participation of all European Allies that the 105th Congress is ready and introducing in the Senate today, re- if they were so to choose; willing to aggressively address this im- Inviting one or more of the countries flect the recognition, that by any which have expressed interest in joining the portant issue. measure, the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance to begin accession negotiations; I urge my colleagues to support this Organization has been a resounding Pledging that the Alliance will remain resolution, to send a strong and unmis- success. open to the accession of further members takable message to our friends and al- It has kept the peace, reinforced geo- and will remain ready to pursue consulta- lies, and to ensure that the NATO’s political relationships, and provided tions with nations seeking NATO member- ship, as it has done in the past; half century of success carries well the foundation upon which we were into the future. Strengthening cooperative relations with able to bring the cold war to a peaceful all our Partners including through an en- I would also like to submit for the end. hanced Partnership for Peace (PfP) and the RECORD some important documents Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- initiative to establish an Atlantic Partner- concerning the support for NATO en- sent that the North Atlantic Council ship Council; Intensifying and consolidating relations largement I am finding in my home Communique be printed in the RECORD. State of Delaware. There being no objection, the mate- with Russia beyond the Partnership for On 19 December 1996, the Wilmington Peace by aiming at reaching an agreement rial was ordered to be printed in the at the earliest possible date on the develop- Town Council passed a resolution in- RECORD, as follows: troduced by Council Member Bartowski ment of a strong, stable and enduring secu- MINISTERIAL MEETING OF THE NORTH ATLAN- rity partnership; endorsing Poland’s membership in TIC COUNCIL, DECEMBER 10, 1996—FINAL Further developing an enhanced relation- NATO. I ask unanimous consent that COMMUNIQUE ship with Ukraine; this resolution be printed in the 1. As we look ahead, the new NATO is tak- Enhancing our Mediterranean dialogue; Further developing our ability to carry out RECORD. ing shape, reflecting the fundamental new roles and missions relating to conflict There being no objection, the resolu- changes in the security environment in Eu- tion was ordered to be printed in the prevention and crisis management; and rope and the enduring vitality of the trans- Further enhancing our political and de- RECORD, as follows: atlantic partnership which underpins our fense efforts against the proliferation of nu- RESOLUTION endeavours. The broad vision of this new clear, biological and chemical weapons and Whereas, the Republic of Poland is a free, NATO and its role in the development of a their delivery means. democratic and independent nation with a new European security architecture was set 3. We warmly welcome the decision of the long and proud history, whose sons and out at the 1994 Brussels Summit and further Government of Spain, endorsed by the Span- daughters have played significant roles in defined at our last meeting in Berlin. The Al- ish Parliament on 14 November 1996, to take the history of Wilmington; and liance’s adaptation and reform is well under- the necessary steps to participate in the Al- Whereas, the North Atlantic Treaty Orga- way. We will take this process forward liance’s new structure. Spain’s participation nization is dedicated to the preservation of today. will further strengthen the cohesion and the freedom and security of its member na- The Alliance is resolved to preserve its po- military effectiveness of the Alliance, as it tions and there is now a plan for enlarge- litical and military strength, ensuring its takes on new roles and missions, reinforce ment of NATO to proceed in 1997 and 1998; ability to carry out the full range of its mis- the transatlantic link and help develop ESDI and sions—as IFOR and its planned successor within the Alliance. Whereas, the Republic of Poland has ex- SFOR in Bosnia and Herzegovina clearly 4. Stability and security in the whole pressed its desire to share in both the bene- show. We have issued a separate statement Euro-Atlantic area are our primary goal. We fits and obligations of NATO in pursuing the in this regard. The Alliance will continue to want to help build cooperative European se- development, growth and promotion of strengthen European security by maintain- curity structures which extend to countries democratic institutions and ensuring free ing its capability for collective defence, ad- throughout the whole of Europe without ex- market economic development and Poland mitting new members, expanding and cluding anyone or creating dividing lines. may be invited to NATO membership, if cri- strengthening cooperative relationships with Recent decisions at the OSCE Summit meet- teria are met, as early as Spring, 1997; and all Partners, including building a strong se- ing in Lisbon on European security coopera- Whereas, Poland recognizes its responsibil- curity partnership with Russia and a distinc- tion and the decision to adapt the CFE Trea- ities as a democratic nation and wishes to tive relationship with Ukraine, and realising ty to the new European security environ- exercise such responsibilities in concert with the European Security and Defence Identity ment establish a cooperative foundation for members of NATO; and within the Alliance. our common security. The Alliance, for its Whereas, the Republic of Poland desires to The evolution of the Alliance takes place part, has developed a broad pattern of inten- become part of NATO’s efforts to prevent the in the context of our aim to help build a sive cooperation with North Atlantic Co- extremes of nationalism; and truly cooperative European security struc- operation Council (NACC) and PfP Partner

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00049 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1030 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 countries and with other international orga- We are committed to ensuring that the As soon as the Brussels Agreement on the nizations and is thereby contributing to se- NACC goals of enhancing transparency and Status of Missions and Representatives of curity and stability in the Euro-Atlantic confidence in security matters among mem- Third States to NATO comes into force, of- area. With the same aim, we are now work- ber states remain central to future coopera- fering Partners the opportunity to establish ing towards opening the Alliance to new tion. In order to derive maximum benefit diplomatic missions with NATO. members; developing ever-closer and deeper from our NACC meetings, we want to move We have asked the Council in Permanent cooperative ties with all Partner countries towards further deepening our political dia- Session to ensure implementation of these who so wish; building a strong, stable and en- logue and giving it more focus. recommendations without delay and to con- during security partnership with Russia; 8. We are pleased with the dynamic devel- tinue the work on the enhancement of Part- strengthening our relationship with Ukraine; opment of Partnership for Peace and the role nership for Peace and also to review its com- and enhancing our Mediterranean dialogue. it plays in building European security co- mon funding and resource implications, with 5. We reaffirm that the nuclear forces of operation. The Partnership for Peace will a view to providing a further report by the the Allies continue to play a unique and es- continue as a permanent element of the Alli- SLG with recommendations for decisions at sential role in the Alliance’s strategy of war ance’s cooperative effort to contribute to the the time of the Spring Ministerial meeting. prevention. New members, who will be full development of a more stable European secu- 9. With the rapid growth of our activities members of the Alliance in all respects, will rity area and, with those Partners seeking to under both NACC and PfP, we have identified be expected to support the concept of deter- join NATO, will also facilitate their prepara- a need for greater coherence in our coopera- rence and the essential role nuclear weapons tions to meet the responsibilities of member- tion in a framework which will establish play in the Alliance’s strategy. Enlarging ship in the Alliance. Substantial progress with Partners a more meaningful and pro- the Alliance will not require a change in has been achieved in enhancing the scope ductive cooperative and consultative proc- NATO’s current nuclear posture and there- and substance of our Partnership coopera- ess, building on the elements of NACC and fore, NATO countries have no intention, no tion, in particular the growing range of exer- PfP which we and our Partners deem most plan, and no reason to deploy nuclear weap- cises, the broadening and deepening of the valuable. To this end, we have agreed to ons on the territory of new members nor any PfP Planning and Review Process, the inten- work with Partners on the initiative to es- need to change any aspect of NATO’s nuclear sification of work on civil-military relations, tablish an Atlantic Partnership Council posture or nuclear policy—and we do not and civil emergency planning and disaster (APC) as a single new cooperative mecha- foresee any future need to do so. relief. In the current IFOR operation, in nism, which would form a framework for en- 6. A number of countries have long-stand- which 13 Partner countries are cooperating hanced efforts in both practical cooperation ing aspirations to become full members of with Alliance armed forces, the Partnership under PfP and an expanded political dimen- our Alliance and have undertaken intensive for Peace has proved its value with regard sion of Partnership. We have accordingly and wide-ranging preparations and reforms both to political commitment to joint crisis tasked the Council in Permanent Session to with this aim in mind. We are now in a posi- management and to military interoper- draw up the modalities for such a council, in tion to recommend to our Heads of State and ability. close coordination with Partners, by the Government to invite at next year’s Summit We want to develop on the basis of trans- time of our next meeting. meeting one or more countries which have parency ever-closer and deeper cooperative 10. We affirm our support for the political participated in the intensified dialogue proc- ties open to all Partner countries by making and economic reform process in the Russian ess, to start accession negotiations with the the Partnership more operational; strength- Federation. We welcome the landmark Presi- Alliance. Our goal is to welcome the new ening its political consultation element, tak- dential elections in Russia. * * * member(s) by the time of NATO’s 50th anni- ing full account of the respective activities A broad process of integration and co- versary in 1999. We pledge that the Alliance of the OSCE and the relevant European insti- operation is underway in Europe; Russia is a will remain open to the accession of further tutions such as the WEU and the EU; and in- part of it through its membership in the members in accordance with Article 10 of the volving Partners more in operations plan- OSCE and the Council of Europe and its rela- Washington Treaty. We will remain ready to ning and Partnership decision-making. To tionship with NATO as well as the European pursue consultations with nations seeking this end, the Alliance has set up a Senior Union and the WEU. The pattern of consulta- NATO membership, as we have done in the Level Group to develop by the time of the tions anchored by our regular ‘‘16 +1’’ discus- past. Summit meeting a clearly strengthened and sions, provide a firm foundation on which to We are satisfied with the intensified, indi- thus more attractive Partnership for Peace. build. We welcome Russia’s participation in vidual dialogue which the Alliance has been We have received an interim report on the Partnership for Peace and encourage it to conducting throughout this year with inter- ongoing work and agree that work should take full advantage of the opportunities ested Partners. This dialogue has improved begin without delay to implement its rec- which the Partnership offers. their understanding of specific and practical ommendations. These include: We value the close and effective coopera- details of how the Alliance works. It has pro- Enhancing the political dimension of the tion between Russia and NATO in IFOR. This vided the Alliance in turn with a better un- Partnership through increasing opportuni- cooperation demonstrates that NATO and derstanding of where these countries stand ties for political consultations; Russia can collaborate effectively in the con- in their internal development as well as in Expanding the agreed fields of military struction of cooperative security structures the resolution of any external issues with missions within PfP to the full range of the in Europe. We appreciate and welcome Rus- neighbouring countries. We have tasked the Alliance’s new missions, as appropriate, in- sia’s readiness to contribute to a follow-on Council in Permanent Session to prepare cluding Peace Support operations over and operation to consolidate peace in Bosnia and comprehensive recommendations for deci- above previously agreed areas; Herzegovina. We look forward to continuing sions to be taken by the Summit on which Broadening the NATO/PfP exercise pro- the experience of working closely together, country or countries to invite to begin acces- gramme in accordance with the expanded which we believe will have a lasting, positive sion negotiations. The process should in- scope of the Partnership; impact on our relationship. clude: Enabling Partner countries to participate Today, we reiterate our commitment to a An intensified dialogue with interested in the planning and execution of PfP activi- strong, stable, and enduring security part- Partner countries including in a ‘‘16+1’’ for- ties (exercises and operations); nership between NATO and Russia. This mat, as appropriate; Involving Partners more substantively and partnership demonstrates that European se- Analysis, on the basis of further political actively in PfP-related parts of the regular curity has entered a fundamentally new, guidance to be elaborated by the Council in peacetime work of NATO’s Military Authori- more promising era. It constitutes an impor- Permanent Session, of the relevant factors ties; tant element of the developing European co- associated with the admission of potential Affording the appropriate opportunity to operative security architecture to which new members; Partners who join future NATO-led PfP oper- Russia has an essential contribution to Preparation of recommendations on the ations to contribute to the provision of polit- make. It will further enhance stability and adaptation of Alliance structures necessary ical guidance for oversight over such oper- security in the Euro-Atlantic area. By the to integrate new members into the Alliance; ations, drawing on the experience gained in time of the Summit, we aim to reach agree- Preparation of a plan for conducting the Operation Joint Endeavour; ment with the Russian Federation on ar- accession talks with one or more new mem- Examining, together with Partners, the rangements that can deepen and widen the bers. possible modalities for the elaboration of a scope of our current relationship and provide 7. We look forward to tomorrow’s meeting political-military framework for PfP oper- a framework for its future development. We of the NACC, which will mark its fifth anni- ations, building on the current work of the want to ensure that NATO and Russia have versary. The NACC has provided us over the Political-Military Steering Committee; a strong, flexible means to consult and co- years with a valued opportunity to consult Enhancing Partner participation in deci- operate as part of our evolving relationship. regularly with our Partners on political and sion-making for PfP programmes issues; Agreement might be expressed in a docu- security issues. Through NACC and Partner- Increasing regional cooperation within the ment or could take the form of a Charter, ship for Peace, we have achieved the develop- Partnership provided it remains open to all which could encompass: ment of common approaches to European se- Partners and remains an integral part of the The shared principles that will form the curity and brought the NACC countries clos- overall PfP; basis of our relationship; er together in a spirit of cooperation and a Expanding the Planning and Review Proc- A broad set of areas of practical coopera- common commitment to European security. ess; and tion in particular in the political, military,

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00050 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1031 economic, environmental, scientific, peace- cisions taken by NATO Heads of State and Early agreement is now being sought in the keeping, armaments, non-proliferation, arms Government at the 1994 Summit Meeting and WEU on the participation of all European Al- control and civil emergency planning fields; by the Ministerial meetings in June this lies in WEU-led operations using NATO as- Mechanisms for regular and ad hoc con- year in Berlin and Brussels and with a view sets and capabilities, as well as in planning sultations; and to preparing for the Summit next year, our and preparing for such operations. This Mechanisms for military liaison and co- primary focus has been on three closely would be a key contribution to the develop- operation. linked issues: the development of a new com- ment of ESDI within the Alliance. We have We therefore task the Council in Perma- mand structure for the Alliance; the imple- tasked the Council in Permanent Session to nent Session to develop further guidance on mentation of the CJTF concept; and the de- develop the NATO–WEU relationship further these matters on the basis of which the Sec- velopment of the ESDI within NATO. in order to ensure effective cooperation in retary General could explore with Russia the 14. We welcome the progress made in the preparing for possible WEU-led operations. possibility of such agreement. development of the future command struc- 20. We are pleased with the successful out- 11. We continue to support Ukraine as it ture, noting that two structural alternatives come of the OSCE Summit in Lisbon and, in develops as a democratic nation and a mar- have been selected by the Military Com- particular, the adoption of a declaration on ket economy. The maintenance of Ukraine’s mittee for future assessment and subsequent security as a result of work on a Common independence, territorial integrity and sov- political consideration and agree the pro- and Comprehensive Security Model for the ereignty is a crucial factor for stability and posed way ahead. We urge the Council in 21st Century. The Lisbon Summit has cre- security in Europe. Permanent Session and the Military Com- ated a security framework in which all Euro- Ukraine’s development of a strong, endur- mittee to complete the work as quickly as pean states can participate on an equal foot- ing relationship with NATO is an important possible. Once approved, this new command ing. The Security Model adopted in Lisbon is aspect of the emerging European security ar- structure will help ensure the Alliance’s a comprehensive expression of the endeavour chitecture. We greatly value the active par- military effectiveness so that it is able, in to strengthen security and stability. It com- ticipation of Ukraine in the Partnership for the changing security environment facing plements the mutually reinforcing efforts of Peace and look forward to next year’s exer- Europe, to perform its traditional mission of NATO and other European and transatlantic cise near Lviv. We also value Ukraine’s co- collective defense and through flexible and institutions and organisations. We attach operation with European institutions such as agreed procedures to undertake new roles in great importance to the role of the OSCE as the EU and the WEU. Ukraine has made an changing circumstances and to provide for a primary instrument in preventive diplo- important contribution to IFOR and increased participation by Partner countries. macy, conflict prevention, post-conflict re- UNTAES, and we welcome its commitment It will constitute a renovated, single multi- habilitation and regional security coopera- to contribute to a follow-on operation to national command structure, reflecting the tion, as well as to the enhancement of its consolidate peace in Bosnia and Herzegovina. strategic situation in Europe and enabling operational capabilities to carry out these We welcome the continued development of all Allies to participate fully. tasks. We believe the OSCE, as the only pan- our broad cooperation beyond PfP. We note 15. We welcome the progress made towards European security organisation, has an es- with satisfaction the recent meeting between realizing the CJTF concept, on the basis of sential role to play in European peace and the Alliance and Ukraine on issues related to the Overall Politico-Military Framework ap- stability. We are committed to supporting the proliferation of weapons of mass destruc- proved by us last June. We direct the Council its comprehensive approach to security. The tion. We welcome the progress made towards in Permanent Session and the NATO Mili- principles and commitments on which the establishing a NATO information office in tary Authorities to pursue vigorously their OSCE is built provide the standards for the Kyiv, and look forward to its opening in the work on this concept, bearing in mind its im- development of a comprehensive and cooper- near future. We welcome Ukraine’s active in- portance for future Alliance operations, in- ative European security structure. terest in further enhancing its relations with cluding the possible involvement of develop- We commend the OSCE for its essential the Alliance. We are committed to the devel- ment of ESDI. contribution to the implementation of civil opment in coming months, through high 16. We are pleased with the progress made aspects of the Peace Agreement for Bosnia level and other consultations, of a distinc- in developing the appropriate arrangements and Herzegovina, particularly in supervising tive and effective NATO-Ukraine relation- for ESDI within NATO, as decided at the the preparation and conduct of the elections, ship, which could be formalised, possibly by Brussels Summit and at our meeting last in promoting and monitoring human rights the time of the Summit, building on the doc- June in Berlin. The newly created Policy Co- and in overseeing the implementation of ument on enhanced NATO-Ukraine relations ordination Group has contributed signifi- agreed confidence—and security—building agreed in September 1995, and taking into ac- cantly to this process. measures and sub-regional arms control count recent Ukrainian proposals. 17. We note in particular the steps taken agreements. The OSCE thereby demonstrates 12. We support the Middle East peace proc- towards implementing the concept of sepa- its central role in contributing to regional ess, and urge all participants to remain firm- rable but not separate capabilities: stability and security. ly committed to it. The decisions of the Council in Permanent We are pleased with the support given by We reaffirm our conviction that security in Session on political guidance concerning the IFOR to the OSCE in carrying out its tasks. Europe is closely linked with security and elaboration of European command arrange- The cooperation between OSCE and IFOR is stability in the Mediterranean, and that the ments within NATO able to prepare and con- a good example of our concept of mutually Mediterranean dimension is consequently duct WEU-led operations; reinforcing organisations. The practical as- one of the various components of the Euro- The decisions of the Council in Permanent sistance given by NATO to the OSCE in help- pean security architecture. In this regard, as Session regarding the arrangements for iden- ing to establish measures to verify the con- part of the adaptation of the Alliance, we tifying NATO capabilities and assets which fidence-building and arms control agree- will work towards enhancing our relations might be made available to the WEU for a ments of the Dayton Accords testifies to a with non-NATO Mediterranean countries WEU-led operation; growing cooperation between NATO and the through our dialogue. The progress to date on arrangements for OSCE. We reiterate our readiness to further The dialogue complements other inter- the release, monitoring and return or recall develop the cooperation between the two or- national efforts, such as those undertaken by of Alliance assets and capabilities; ganizations. the Barcelona process, the OSCE and the The decision of the Council in Permanent The democratic and economic develop- WEU without creating any division of Session with respect to modalities of co- ment, independence, sovereignty and terri- labour. We welcome the report of the Council operation with the WEU; torial integrity of all states are essential in Permanent Session on the progress of and The progress on work regarding planning factors for stability and security in the recommendations for future steps to develop and conducting exercising for WEU-led oper- Euro-Atlantic area. We commend the OSCE the dialogue with Mediterranean countries ations, following receipt of illustrative pro- for its mediation efforts in a number of re- through political dialogue and other activi- files for WEU missions. gional conflicts through its various missions, ties agreed by the Alliance. Egypt, Israel, 18. We have directed the Council in Perma- and recognize the valuable work of the High Jordan, Mauritania, Morocco and Tunisia nent Session to submit to the Spring 1997 Commissioner on National Minorities. We have reiterated their interest in the develop- Ministerial meetings a report on the adapta- support the efforts of the Minsk Group to ment of our relations. We have decided to en- tion of Alliance structures and procedures achieve a political settlement of the conflict hance our Mediterranean dialogue in a pro- related to the future command structure, on in and around Nagorno-Karabakh. gressive way and have tasked the Council in the implementation of the CJTF concept, The OSCE acquis in the field of disar- Permanent Session to report at our next and on further progress with recommenda- mament, arms control, and confidence- and meeting on the implementation of the ac- tions for decisions in the development of security-building measures continues to con- tivities foreseen in the report as well as on ESDI within the Alliance. tribute significantly to political and mili- the scope for further development. 19. We welcome the close and intensifying tary stability. We consider the full imple- 13. We are carrying forward the process of cooperation between NATO and the WEU. At mentation, the further development, and if the Alliance’s internal adaptation, with the their meeting in Ostend on 19 November 1996, necessary, the adaptation of these measures fundamental objectives of ensuring the Alli- WEU Ministers agreed that it would be valu- to be indispensable elements in our effort to ance’s military effectiveness, maintaining able for WEU to become actively involved in further enhance the European security archi- the transatlantic link, and developing the the Alliance’s defense planning process and tecture. We welcome the recent adoption by ESDI within NATO. In keeping with the de- expressed their readiness to participate. the Forum for Security Cooperation of the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00051 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1032 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 Framework for Arms Control and its Future declared their recognition that effective sideration by the 105th session of Con- Agenda. verification could reinforce the Convention. gress of the critical question of wheth- 21. The CFE Treaty is a fundamental cor- Recognizing the heightened concern of the er the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- nerstone of security and stability for all in international community of the suffering tion will extend memberships beyond the Euro-Atlantic area. We are committed to and casualties caused by anti-personnel maintain and strengthen it. Consistent with mines, we support the vigorous pursuit of an its current role. our broader goal of enhancing political co- effective, legally binding international This resolution reaffirms the shared operation and military stability in a Europe agreement to ban the use, stockpiling, pro- commitment expressed repeatedly by without dividing lines, we welcome the deci- duction and transfer of antipersonnel mines strong bipartisan majorities in the sion of the 30 States Parties to the CFE and, as an important step to this end, sup- Congress to the continued viability of Treaty on 1 December 1996 in Lisbon to port the early ratification of the Treaty on launch negotiations to adapt the Treaty to Open Skies by those states which have not our transatlantic alliance and to its ir- the changing security environment in Eu- already ratified. replaceable contribution to peace and rope. We look forward to beginning negotia- 23. Proliferation of nuclear, biological and stability in Europe, and therefore to tions in the Joint Consultative Group in Vi- chemical weapons and their delivery means the vital strategic and economic and enna in January 1997 on the basis of the continue to be a matter of serious concern to moral interests of our own country. scope and parameters (Terms of Reference) us. Progress in expanding and intensifying Mr. President, we are at a moment document agreed on Lisbon. NATO’s political and defense efforts against Our common goal is to enhance security proliferation, as directed by NATO Heads of which, while the details may differ, is for all States Parties, irrespective of wheth- State and Government in January 1994, is an not unlike the time after the Second er they belong to an alliance, and preserve integral part of NATO’s adaptation to the World War when enlightened leaders of their right to choose and change their secu- new security environment. These efforts also both parties in this country, learning rity arrangements. Within the broader polit- contribute to NATO’s ability to conduct new the lessons of their departure from the ical context of enhanced security for all, this roles and missions. We remain committed to field of international relations after process should strengthen the cooperative preventing proliferation in the first place, pattern of relationships between States Par- the First World War, came together or, if it occurs, to reversing it through diplo- and supported the reconstruction of ties, based on mutual confidence, trans- matic means. The Alliance is improving its parency, stability and predictability. Com- capabilities to address the risks posed by post-World War II Europe, building not mitted, like the other States Parties, to proliferation. We welcome further consulta- just the strength of those countries, adapting the Treaty by developing mecha- tions and cooperation with Partner countries the economic might that followed, but nisms which will enhance the Treaty’s via- to address the common security risks posed building therein great democracies bility and effectiveness, we will pursue steps by proliferation. We note with satisfaction that have become once again our best to review the Treaty’s group structure, to the report of the Alliance’s Joint Committee friends and allies. adapt the Treaty system of limitations and on Proliferation on the activities of the Sen- to enhance its verification and information ior Political-Military Group on Proliferation We are at such a moment after an- provisions. To that end, the members of the and the Senior Defence Group on Prolifera- other war, the cold war, has ended. The Alliance will develop and table proposals for tion and direct them to continue their vital question is whether we will see forward the negotiations in Vienna. efforts. boldly and honorably to understand We reaffirm our support for the CFR Flank We attach particular importance to a solid that whether or not we will accept the Agreement, reached at this year’s Review preparation of the first preparatory com- Conference in Vienna. We urge all States nations that lived under Soviet domi- mittee of the strengthened review process of nation into the community now of free Parties who have not yet done so to approve the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), this Agreement before the end of the ex- scheduled for April 1997. This process will nations will have a substantial effect tended provisions application period efforts significantly contribute to the further on our security and our economic directed at resolving outstanding implemen- strengthening of the NPT, which is the cor- strength and our moral vitality for tation issues. nerstone of the global non-proliferation sys- decades to come. The members of the Alliance reaffirm the tem. commitment made at Lisbon to exercise re- For unless we close our eyes to his- 24. We reaffirm our commitment to the Al- tory, we must recognize that we are vi- straint during the period of negotiations as liance’s common-funded programmes. foreseen in the document in relation to the We note with appreciation the progress tally interested in what goes on in Eu- current postures and capabilities of their made in moving existing resources to the rope. We are connected. Our pasts and conventional armed forces—in particular, highest priority programmes, such as Part- our futures are linked economically, with respect to their levels of forces and de- nership for Peace and the support of en- politically, culturally, and militarily. ployments—in the Treaty’s area of applica- hanced information activities in Moscow and Those ties did not break away with the tion. As decided in Lisbon, this commitment Kyiv. We have directed the Council in Per- fall of the Berlin Wall. Indeed, they is without prejudice to the outcome of the manent Session to keep under review the al- negotiations, or to voluntary decisions by will become more complex and more location of resources in order to ensure their compelling and more productive over the individual States Parties to reduce their optimal use. We have also directed the Coun- force levels or deployments, or to their le- cil in Permanent Session to identify the im- time. Over time, NATO has proved gitimate security interests. We believe that plications of adaptation for NATO’s com- itself the most enduring guarantee the CFE Treaty must continue to play a key mon-funded budgets and to make appropriate that we and our allies in Europe are role in ensuring military stability into the recommendations for dealing with these. brought together in peace and freedom, 21st century, and are committed to adapting 25. We continue to support all efforts to not in tyranny and war. it expeditiously in order to take account of combat terrorism, which constitutes a seri- new security challenges. ous threat to peace, security and stability. NATO remains today the world’s sin- 22. We emphasize the importance of the 26. The Spring 1997 meeting of the North gle most effective partnership of like- START Treaties for international stability Atlantic Council in Ministerial Session will minded countries, sharing the burdens and security. We note with satisfaction the be held in Sintra, Portugal, on 29 May. of international security and pre- progress made by the United States and the serving the conditions in which open Russian Federation in the implementation of Mr. LIEBERMAN. Mr. President, I START I. We urge the Russian Federation to thank my friend and colleague from societies and free markets flourish. follow the United States in ratifying the Delaware, not, of course, simply for Enlarging NATO means enlarging the START II Treaty. yielding, but for his continuing leader- transatlantic sphere of peace and sta- We welcome the successful conclusion and ship on this vital question of whether bility, of peace and prosperity. It signing by the great majority of UN mem- or not NATO will be enlarged. means honoring our promise made re- bers of the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty, and we urge all other nations to sign this im- Mr. President, this is one of those peatedly throughout the cold war that portant international arms control agree- moments in history when we are pre- we would be there when that cherished ment. We look forward to the early start of sented with an extraordinary oppor- moment arrived to support the new negotiations on a Fissile Material Cut-Off tunity to do something that will shape independent nations of Central and Treaty. the course of the coming decades. So Eastern Europe in their struggle for de- We are pleased that the Chemical Weapons often so much happens in our profes- mocracy and a better life. It means Convention will soon enter into force and we sional lives, our personal lives, that it helping to ensure that those countries look forward to its early implementation. We welcome the fact that States Parties to is hard to distinguish between the im- will continue their democratic develop- the Biological and Toxin Weapons Conven- portant and the very important. This, ment and take their place peacefully in tion have at the Fourth Review Conference in my opinion, is a very important res- the expanding community of freedom. in Geneva in December 1996 again solemnly olution, beginning as it does the con- And it means expanding the family of

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00052 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1033 nations that will share with us Ameri- ship of President Clinton, the support the nations of Central and Eastern Eu- cans the burden of protecting the sta- of a strong bipartisan group here in rope are anchored in the peaceful secu- bility and peace of the world and ex- Congress, the very effective advocacy rity that NATO can offer. panding the family of free peoples of of NATO Secretary Solana, and so I am convinced that we must move the world. many others around the world. swiftly to expand the NATO alliance Mr. President, this resolution ex- We in Congress can play a very im- and to rethink our commitment to Eu- presses, in very strong and very clear portant part in this remarkable histor- ropean security. More than 7 years language, our conviction across party ical achievement. This resolution after the Berlin Wall fell, NATO has lines that NATO enlargement is the which Senator ROTH has brought before yet to take in new members. best way to ensure a peaceful, stable, the Senate today, and which I am Congress has consistently supported free future in Europe. It also makes proud to cosponsor with him, will pro- NATO expansion and has enacted legis- clear that we must work with Russia, vide the President with the support to lation to prepare the nations of Central which is inherently and, of course, part work with our allies to create the and Eastern Europe for membership in of the European community and crit- mechanisms by which new members the alliance. The resolution we are in- ical to the future stability of Europe. will be welcomed into the alliance and troducing today is designed to push We must work with Russia to reach the broad-based bipartisan support ahead once again. It encourages the common ground on European security. with which to go forward to develop a President to move quickly. It endorses Proceeding steadfastly with our strong NATO-Russia security relation- the idea of embracing new members by plans to enlarge NATO, I think, will ship. the alliance’s 50-year anniversary in make that task easier. For where we As its 50th anniversary approaches, 1999. It makes plain our belief that our leave doubt, there will be further the Atlantic alliance remains at the alliance must reach out to work with doubts created. Where we are uncer- core of America’s global strength and Russia as friends rather than antago- tain, there are those who will take ad- at the core of global peace and secu- nists. And it names Poland, the Czech vantage of our uncertainty. rity. The reach of this alliance should Republic, Hungary, and Slovenia as na- The fact is that NATO is today and now be extended to those whose his- tions whose membership would con- has always been a defensive alliance. It tories and policies justify it, just as tribute to the alliance’s security. poses no threat to its neighbors. In- America’s own strategic interests and Those of us who support NATO ex- stead, it offers the confidence of secure moral imperatives require it. pansion must be prepared to make the borders and stable relationships. And I yield the floor. case that it serves America’s long-term by making it clear that the NATO en- Mr. HAGEL. Mr. President, I rise security interests. This is a debate that largement process is ongoing and open today in strong support of expanding to other countries as they qualify, it must reach far beyond the Halls of the North Atlantic Treaty Organiza- alleviates the threat of future conflict Congress. NATO expansion, when it tion to help ensure stability in Central between competing blocs. NATO does does occur, will require the consent of and Eastern Europe. I am proud to be not seek to target nations for exclu- the Senate. And that will require the an original cosponsor of this resolution sion. It seeks to engage nations on the support of the American people. to encourage the NATO expansion high ground of democracy and free It is time for this debate to begin. market economics and to become part- process and to put the 105th Congress Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I am ners with them. on record in support of bringing Po- proud to join my colleagues in intro- Mr. President, this week there is a land, Hungary, the Czech Republic, and ducing this resolution in support of remarkable statement of opinion in Slovenia into the alliance. NATO enlargement. Newsweek magazine, the February 10, I believe restructuring Europe’s post- I support NATO enlargement because 1997, issue, written by Andre Kozyrev, cold-war security architecture and se- it will make Europe more stable and former Foreign Minister of Russia. The curing lasting peace and stability secure. It means that the new democ- title is ‘‘NATO Is Not Our Enemy.’’ I throughout the continent constitute racies of Central and Eastern Europe will read briefly from the article. one of the great foreign policy chal- will share the burden of European secu- The Russian people [former foreign min- lenges of our time. From two world rity. It will mean that future genera- ister Kozyrev says] must be told the truth. wars to the former Yugoslavia, history tions of Americans might not have to And the truth is, NATO is not the enemy. In- has shown that Europe’s security prob- fight and die for Europe. deed, fighting the West’s proposal to admit lems eventually become America’s. America has fought and won three Central European countries to NATO is self- Time and again, we have found our- wars in Europe: defeating [for Russia], because Russia has no selves confronted with only two op- World War I, when an assassination means of stopping it. The vital Common- tions: Choosing to lead and help shape in Yugoslavia led to years of bloodshed wealth of Independent States alliance would events in Europe, or waiting for events World War II, the bloodiest war in surely fall on hard times if it is burdened with opposition to NATO. What member-na- to overtake us as they certainly will. history—when thousands of young tion [of the CIS] would remain part of such Americans are well-served when Americans left factories and farms to a group, when the NATO seal of approval America chooses to lead. fight on the battlefields of Europe often brings investment, advancement and For half a century, the NATO alli- And the cold war—when Soviet ex- economic enhancement? As foreign minister, ance has been the foundation of Euro- pansionism forced us to prepare to de- [Kozyrev writes] I found that every Eastern pean security. It has been the most fend Western Europe—and when the European leader who wanted NATO member- meaningful multinational security captive nations of Eastern Europe were ship saw it primarily as an economic move, framework in history. NATO will con- forced behind the Iron Curtain. not a military one. Opposing that will weak- If NATO doesn’t enlarge—the Iron en our [that is to say the Russian] economic tinue to be that foundation for the position in Central Europe. next half century—but only if America Curtain returns—and the unnatural di- The West must recognize this as a domes- helps lead the alliance to adapt to the vision of Europe into two parts will tic-policy crisis, [which is to say a domestic new reality in Europe after the end of live on longer than the Soviet Empire policy crisis in Russia] resist capitulation to the cold war. did. the old guard and deal with it in a balanced The new reality is that the nations of As a Polish American, I know that fashion. An entirely new generation of lead- Central and Eastern Europe are free the Polish people did not choose to live ers in our country [Russia] is waiting for this behind the Iron Curtain. They were policy shift. To accomplish it, NATO’s mem- from oppression and many yearn to ber-nations must take very difficult and align themselves with the West. forced there by the Yalta Agreement, challenging steps. The practical way for Rus- The new reality is that instability in by Potsdam, and because they and the sia to transform NATO is to cooperate with the lands one author called ‘‘Between Baltic States and the other captive na- the alliance—and vice versa. East and West’’ has replaced invasion tions were sold out by the free world. End of quote from Mr. Kozyrev’s re- from the East as the most likely threat But my support for this resolution is markable and, I think, very powerful to our allies and to our own interests based on the future—not the past. I statement. in Europe. support this resolution because NATO Mr. President, NATO enlargement is The new reality is that America, enlargement will mean a future in moving forward thanks to the leader- Russia, and Europe will all benefit if which the newly free and democratic

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00053 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1034 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 countries will take their rightful place the cost of living in the United States by 1.1 to compute our current measure of in- as members of Europe. percentage points; flation, the CPI. The panel also in- NATO played an important in part in Whereas Dr. Alan Greenspan, Chairman of cluded leading experts in the field of securing this freedom. It has been the the Board of Governors of the Federal Re- price indexes, they include: serve System, has testified before the Senate Dr. Dale Jorgenson, Harvard Univer- most successful defensive alliance in Finance Committee that ‘‘the best available history. It is an alliance that helped us evidence suggests that there is virtually no sity; Dr. Ellen Dulberger, IBM Personal win the cold war. It deterred war be- chance that the CPI as currently published Computer Company; Dr. Zvi Griliches, tween the super powers, and it helped understates’’ the cost of living and that Harvard University; and Dr. Robert prevent confrontations between mem- there is ‘‘a very high probability that the up- Gordon, Northwestern University. ber states. ward bias ranges between 1⁄2 percentage point In their interim report, released in But if NATO is to survive, it must per year and 11⁄2 percentage point per year’’; September 1995, the Boskin Commis- adapt to meet the needs of the post- Whereas the overstatement of the cost of sion concluded that the upward bias living by the Consumer Price Index has been cold-war-World—or it will become ir- using changes in the Consumer Price recognized by economists since at least 1961, Index to estimate changes in the true relevant. when a report noting the existence of the NATO has evolved since we created it overstatement was issued by a National Bu- cost of living is about 1 percentage in 1949. We have enlarged NATO on reau of Economic Research Committee, point per year. three different occasions. Each new chaired by Professor George J. Stigler; Dr. Boskin and the other four com- member strengthened NATO and in- Whereas Congress and the President, mission members have now completed creased security in Europe. through the indexing of Federal tax brack- their final report and have concluded Today, we are facing very different ets, Social Security benefits, and other Fed- that this critical government statistic eral program benefits, have undertaken to threats to security and stability in Eu- is not as accurate as possible. Since protect taxpayers and beneficiaries of such this report suggests that the Consumer rope. We have hot spots caused by eth- programs from the erosion of purchasing nic and regional tensions. We have Price Index has an annual upward bias power due to inflation; of about 1.1 percent, clearly this is a civil wars—as in Bosnia. And we have Whereas Congress and the President in- significant finding and should be taken international crime, drugs, and ter- tended the indexing of Federal tax brackets, seriously. rorism. NATO must change and expand Social Security benefits, and other Federal program benefits to accurately reflect Dr. Boskin and his colleagues have to meet these new threats. also suggested to the Finance Com- The countries of Central and Eastern changes in the cost of living; and Whereas the overstatement of the cost of mittee that a new measure of the true Europe want to help us address these living increases the deficit and undermines cost of living may be needed. new threats. How many times has the the equitable administration of Federal ben- Inaccurate government statistics— Senate discussed burden sharing in Eu- efits and tax policies: Now, therefore, be it particularly one as important as the rope? How often have we complained Resolved, That it is the sense of the Senate CPI—are unacceptable. Steps should be that European countries were not will- that all cost-of-living adjustments required by statute should accurately reflect the best taken to change the procedures so that ing to pay their fair share for their own the measure of the CPI is as accurate defense? available estimate of changes in the cost of living. as possible. Now we have countries that are ask- I want to stress that any action we Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, today, my ing to share the burden. They are ask- take on this report must be broadly friend PAT MOYNIHAN and I are submit- ing to pledge their troops and equip- and deeply bipartisan. ting a sense-of-the-Senate resolution ment for the common defense. They are We must also have the full coopera- regarding the accuracy of the Con- asking to share the burden of peace- tion of and leadership by the Clinton sumer Price Index. Last week the Fi- keeping—in fact they are doing it right administration. I hope the President nance Committee kicked off our first now in Bosnia where thousands of will not miss an opportunity to address hearings of the 105th Congress with a troops from Poland, Hungary, the this issue in his fiscal year 1998 budget very distinguished panel of experts in Czech Republic, the Baltics, Ukraine, he submits to the Congress this week. the field of economics and Dr. Alan and others are helping to secure the Clearly this reform will not be success- Greenspan, Chairman of the Board of peace. ful without the President’s leadership. These countries are not asking for a Governors of the Federal Reserve Sys- Mr. MOYNIHAN. Mr. President, handout. They are not asking for our tem. might I first take the opportunity to protection. They are asking to be full Mr. President, probably the most sig- congratulate the chairman for this ini- partners in the new Europe. By trans- nificant issue that faces Congress this tiative. It is characteristic of his lead- forming their countries into free mar- year is the accuracy of the Consumer ership of the Finance Committee, ket democracies, they have earned this Price Index, and I believe that Con- which is bipartisan whenever that is right. gress and the President need to seri- possible, which is factual, which seeks Mr. President, NATO is moving to- ously address the economic ramifica- evidence and answers. ward enlargement. In July President tions of an accurate CPI. This sense-of-the-Senate resolution Clinton will join the leaders of our One of the roles in government is to recognizes the mounting evidence that, NATO partners in naming the first protect American families from infla- contrary to the intent of the Congress countries to be asked to join NATO. tion. In doing so, it is important that and the President, Federal tax provi- This resolution states that the U.S. we are able to precisely measure infla- sions, Social Security benefits, and Senate stands with our President as he tion. other Federal program benefits are leads our effort to prepare NATO for I cannot emphasize too greatly—that being overadjusted for inflation. the 21st century. I urge my colleagues is what these discussions are all The resolution expresses the sense of to join us in supporting this resolution. about—the accurate measurement of the Senate that: inflation. If the index is too high, it f * * * all cost-of-living adjustments re- overcompensates retirees and others quired by statute should accurately reflect SENATE RESOLUTION 50—REL- and undertaxes many taxpayers. If it is the best available estimate of changes in the ATIVE TO COST-OF-LIVING AD- too low, it undercompensates retirees cost of living. JUSTMENTS and overtaxes the taxpayer. What we In its final report issued on December Mr. ROTH (for himself and Mr. MOY- want in fairness to all is as accurate an 4, 1996, the Advisory Commission to NIHAN) submitted the following resolu- index as possible. Study the Consumer Price Index—the tion; which was referred to the Com- Obviously, this is a very sensitive Boskin Commission concluded that: mittee on Finance: issue, affecting retirees and taxpayers While the CPI is the best measure cur- rently available it is not a true cost of living S.RES. 50 directly as well as wage earners and others. index. . .. Whereas the final report of the Senate Fi- nance Committee’s Advisory Commission to In the spring of 1995, the Senate Fi- The Boskin Commission concluded Study the Consumer Price Index, chaired by nance Committee appointed a blue rib- that the CPI overstates the cost of liv- Professor Michael Boskin, has concluded bon commission, headed by Dr. Michael ing in the United States by 1.1 percent- that the Consumer Price Index overstates Boskin, to study the methodology used age points.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00054 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1035 The Commission’s findings are very to teach me to the extent I was teach- with adjustments for quality improve- much in line with the prevailing pro- able. They even shared professional ments; that is, it is close to the 1.1 per- fessional judgment of economists as to confidences. And so it was that I came centage point estimate of the bias. the size of the upward bias in the CPI. to have some familiarity with the field. I hope we will have broad support for In October 1994, in a memorandum to Upon our arrival in Washington with this resolution on both sides of the the President entitled ‘‘Big Choices’’, the new administration in 1961, we had aisle, and that we will do the Republic then-OMB Director Alice Rivlin stated waiting for us a report on price indexes some good today. Mr. President, thank that the ‘‘CPI may be overstated by 0.4 from a committee led by George J. you for your courtesy. I yield the floor. percent to 1.5 percent.’’ And in testi- Stigler, who later won a Nobel Prize in Mr. ROTH. Mr. President, let me mony at a joint hearing of the Senate economics. The committee noted that: thank the Senator from New York for and House Budget Committees in Janu- If a poll were taken of professional econo- his continuing leadership in this mat- ary 1995—and reinforced in testimony mists and statisticians, in all probability ter. I would like to underscore two last week before the Senate Committee they would designate (and by a wide major- things that he said. on Finance—Alan Greenspan, Chair- ity) the failure of the price indexes to take One is that all we seek to do is to full account of quality changes as the most man of the Board of Governors of the make the measurement of inflation as important defect in these indexes. And by al- accurate as possible. That is just good Federal Reserve System, estimated the most as large a majority, they would believe range of plausible values at 0.5 to 1.5 government. that this failure introduces a systematic up- Second, we are anxious to have the percentage points. ward bias in the price indexes—that quality support of our colleagues on both sides The standard objection to correcting changes have on average been quality im- of the aisle and we will be sending a the Consumer Price Index has been, to provements. letter to our colleagues, signed by the cite one such statement, ‘‘The right Through indexation of Federal tax two of us, urging them to join us in way to adjust the CPI is to allow the brackets, Social Security, and other this good government venture. experts at the BLS to continue doing Federal programs, Congress and the Mr. MOYNIHAN. Good government their jobs and keep politics out of it.’’ President have undertaken to protect venture. We now have the definitive response taxpayers and beneficiaries from the Mr. ROTH. I thank very much the from Alan Greenspan, Chairman of the erosion of purchasing power due to in- distinguished Senator for his able lead- Board of Governors of the Federal Re- flation. ership. serve System. In testimony last week Based on over 35 years of mounting before the Finance Committee, he re- evidence, it is clear that the current f ported that the Federal Reserve Board formulas for indexation overstate the AUTHORITY FOR COMMITTEES TO had made its own study of this issue true cost of living. Over 12 years the MEET and had come to roughly the same con- upward bias increases outlays and re- COMMITTEE ON ARMED SERVICES clusions as those of the Boskin Com- duces revenues, for programs tied to Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask mission. He recommended a two-track the CPI, by a cumulative $1.07 trillion. unanimous consent that the Com- procedure. First, let the BLS improve The actuaries of the Social Security mittee on Armed Services be author- the CPI by as much as can be done and system estimate that a 1.1 percentage ized to meet at 2 p.m. on Wednesday, as quickly as it can be done. And sec- point correction would eliminate about February 5, 1997, to receive testimony ond, establish an independent national two-thirds of the long-run deficit in the on the nomination of Federico F. Pen˜ a commission to correct for the remain- Social Security Program. The trust to be Secretary of Energy. ing upward bias. He then said: fund exhaustion date would be ex- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without There has been considerable objection that tended by more than 20 years, from 2029 objection, it is so ordered. such a second track procedure would be a po- to 2052. COMMITTEE ON BANKING, HOUSING, AND URBAN litical fix. To the contrary, assuming zero Somewhat more than one-half of the AFFAIRS for the remaining bias is the political fix. On 1.1 percentage bias can be eliminated Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask this issue, we should let evidence, not poli- rather quickly if the BLS would de- unanimous consent that the Com- tics, drive policy. velop a cost-of-living index [COLI] and mittee on Banking, Housing, and To say again, to do nothing in the factor into their calculations research Urban Affairs be authorized to meet face of overwhelming evidence would on quality improvements. Members of during the session of the Senate on be a political decision. Wrong-headed the Boskin Commission think it can be Wednesday, February 5, 1997, to con- and shortsighted, with large long-term done within a year. Over time, some of duct a hearing on the following nomi- implications the remainder of the bias could be re- nee: Janet Louise Yellen, of California, And to do nothing until we have a duced by further research on meas- to be Chairman, Council of Economic more precise estimate of the bias—as if uring quality improvements. Any re- Advisers. estimating changes in the cost of living sidual can be dealt with by an inde- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without is equivalent to measuring atomic pendent national commission, as sug- objection, it is so ordered. weights—recalls the wise admonition gested by the Boskin Commission and COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, SCIENCE, AND of Lord John Maynard Keynes who by Federal Reserve Chairman Green- TRANSPORTATION said: span. Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask It is better to be approximately right than The computational procedures that unanimous consent that the Senate precisely wrong. would be used by BLS for a new cost of Committee on Commerce, Science, and There is some history here. living index [COLI] are now used by the Transportation be authorized to meet It happens that this Senator’s asso- Bureau of Economic Analysis [BEA] in on February 5, 1997, at 10 a.m. on pend- ciation with the statistical system in the calculations of GDP and its compo- ing committee business. the executive branch began over three nents—consumption, investment, and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without decades ago. I was Assistant Secretary so on. BEA uses a Personal Consump- objection, it is so ordered. of Labor for Policy and Planning in the tion Expenditures [PCE] deflator to es- COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL administration of President John F. timate changes in real consumption. RESOURCES Kennedy. This was a new position in For the 12 months ended November Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask which I was nominally responsible for, 1996, the CPI increased by 3.3 percent. unanimous consent that the Com- inter alia, the Bureau of Labor Statis- Yet over roughly the same period, the mittee on Energy and Natural Re- tics. I say nominally out of respect for PCE deflator increased by only 2.5 per- sources be granted permission to meet the independence of that venerable in- cent. BEA’s use, in the PCE deflator, of during the session of the Senate on stitution, which as I noted earlier long more up-to-date consumption patterns Wednesday, February 5, 1997, for pur- predated the Department of Labor and of adjustments for quality, lowers poses of conducting a full committee itself. The then-Commissioner of the the reported inflation rate by 0.8 of a hearing which is scheduled to begin at BLS, Ewan Clague, could not have been percentage point relative to the CPI. 9:30 a.m. The purpose of this hearing is more friendly and supportive. And so And this is consistent with what you to consider S. 104, the Nuclear Waste were the statisticians, who undertook would get if BLS developed a COLI Policy Act of 1997.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00055 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1036 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the ranking member of the Aviation projects, are caused by lack of funds, objection, it is so ordered. Subcommittee, Senator FORD, in spon- then we in Congress will be responsible COMMITTEE ON FINANCE soring the Airport and Airway Trust for weakening the safest aviation sys- Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask Fund Taxes Short Term Reinstatement tem in the world. unanimous consent that the Com- Act. This legislation will extend the From a Washington State perspec- mittee on Finance be permitted to existing system of aviation excise tive, fiscal year 1997 funding for noise taxes through September 29, 1997, and meet Wednesday, February 5, 1997, be- mitigation is particularly important. give the Internal Revenue Service au- ginning at 9:30 a.m. in room SH–215, to Seattle-Tacoma International Airport thority to transfer previously collected conduct a markup to extend the air- has been a national leader in noise port and airway trust fund excise aviation excise taxes into the airport and airway trust fund. mitigation programs and was the first taxes. to implement a local housing insula- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The airport and airway trust fund is tion program to reduce the impact on objection, it is so ordered. funded by a 10-percent passenger ticket houses near the airport. The current COMMITTEE ON RULES AND ADMINISTRATION tax; a 6.25-percent cargo waybill tax; a program, which is partially funded Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask $6 per person international departure through the AIP’s discretionary noise unanimous consent that the Com- tax; and certain general aviation fuel mitigation grants, is scheduled to run mittee on Rules and Administration be taxes. In 1997, this fund is expected to through the year 2003. authorized to meet during the session provide 62 percent of the Federal Avia- of the Senate to receive testimony tion Administration’s [FAA] fiscal year Under these original projections, it from committee chairman and ranking 1997 budget. More specifically, the was clear that reinstating the taxes as members on their committee funding trust fund is expected to provide $5.3 quickly as possible was the appropriate resolutions for 1997 and 1998 on Tues- billion of the FAA’s $8.6 billion total action for Congress to take to ensure day, February 4, Wednesday, February fiscal year 1997 budget. Of this $5.3 bil- that the U.S. aviation system con- 5, and Thursday, February 6, all at 9:30 lion, $3.6 billion will provide 100 per- tinues to be the best system in the a.m. cent of the resources necessary to fund world. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without the FAA’s capital programs, while $1.7 billion will provide 34 percent of the Last Wednesday afternoon, however, objection, it is so ordered. this situation became more dire when SELECT COMMITTEE ON INTELLIGENCE fiscal year 1997 budget for FAA oper- ations. But this fund, so critical to the the Treasury Department announced Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask that because of an accounting error, unanimous consent that the Select operation and improvements of our aviation system, is no longer being the airport and airway trust fund could Committee on Intelligence be author- be insolvent as early as March or April. ized to meet during the session of the funded. When the authority to collect the Senate on Wednesday, February 5, 1997, Let me explain the events, as I un- aviation excise taxes lapsed on Decem- at 10 a.m. to hold an open hearing on derstand them, which led to accounting ber 31, 1996, officials from both the intelligence matters. Error made at by the Treasury Depart- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without General Accounting Office [GAO] and ment. Each airline deposits the ticket objection, it is so ordered. the FAA predicted that the $4.35 billion taxes it collects to the IRS every 2 in uncommitted balances in the fund at SUBCOMMITTEE ON ADMINISTRATIVE OVERSIGHT weeks. Under the look-back provisions that time would be available to fund AND THE COURTS of the IRS safe harbor rule, however, Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask the FAA’s capital programs through an airline can base the amount of that unanimous consent that the Sub- June 30, 1997. By July 1, 1997, however, payment on the amount of excise taxes committee on Administrative Over- they predicted that the trust fund it collected in a 2-week period from the sight and the courts of the Senate would become insolvent. Accordingly, second preceding quarter before the Committee on the Judiciary, be au- if Congress did not reinstate the taxes, current quarter. In other words, in thorized to meet during a session of the it was predicted that the Office of Man- making a 2-week tax payment in the agement and Budget [OMB] would have Senate on Wednesday, February 5, 1997, third quarter of the year, an airline to reduce the FAA’s capital accounts, at 2 p.m., in Senate Dirksen room 226, can deposit the amount it collected in which are totally funded out of the on ‘‘conserving judicial resources: con- a 2-week period during the first quarter trust fund —including both the facili- sidering the appropriate allocation of of that year. If the taxes it deposits are ties and equipment [F&E] account and judgeships in the United States Court less than what the airline actually of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.’’ Airport Improvement Program, to ac- count for the $1 billion shortfall be- took in during the third quarter, the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without airline can make up that under- objection, it is so ordered. tween the trust fund’s fiscal year 1997 expected contribution of $5.3 billion payment when it files its quarterly re- SUBCOMMITTEE ON CLEAN AIR, WETLANDS, and the actual contribution of $4.35 bil- turn. The quarterly return date is ap- PRIVATE PROPERTY, AND NUCLEAR SAFETY proximately 2 months after the close of Mr. HATCH. Mr. President, I ask lion. According to the FAA, this reduction the quarter. unanimous consent that the Sub- in the facilities and equipment account committee on Clear Air, Wetlands, Pri- The 10 percent ticket tax was in could force the FAA to issue stop work vate Property and Nuclear Safety, be place during the fourth quarter of 1996. orders on all major F&E contracts, granted permission to conduct a hear- The airlines’ semimonthly tax pay- which include upgrades of the current ing Wednesday, February 5, at 9:30 ments for that quarter, however, were air traffic control system throughout a.m., hearing room SD–406, on ozone based on the second quarter of 1996, the country. The Airport Improvement and particulate matter standards pro- during which time no excise taxes were Program would suffer an even greater posed by the Environmental Protection collected. The airlines, in essence, did impact. Under the original projections, Agency. not remit any excise taxes during the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without if the aviation taxes were not rein- fourth quarter of 1996, even though objection, it is so ordered. stated, funding for the Airport Im- they were collecting these taxes from provement Program would have to be f passengers at that time. The airlines reduced by as much as $300 million in will have to make up for these tax un- ADDITIONAL STATEMENTS fiscal year 1997. Existing funding agree- derpayments by the time they file ments under the AIP would be main- their fourth quarter returns, which are tained, but no new, discretionary fund- due on February 28, 1997. These taxes, AIRPORT AND AIRWAY TRUST ing would be provided for high-priority however, will not be deposited into the FUND safety and security projects, capacity aviation trust fund, since the general- ∑ Mr. GORTON. Mr. President, last projects, and important noise mitiga- fund-to-trust-fund transfer authority Thursday, I joined my colleague from tion programs. Arizona, the new Chairman of the Sen- Quite simply, this is unacceptable. If expired along with the aviation excise ate Commerce Committee—Senator delays in the implementation of safety taxes on December 31, 1996. MCCAIN, the ranking member of the and security initiatives, as well as con- It appears that the Treasury Depart- full committee, Senator HOLLINGS, and struction of capacity enhancement ment did not account for the complex

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00056 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1037 accounting procedures, and assumed Burts has been a key supporter of the circle of security which brings them to- that the trust fund would be credited Alameda corridor since its inception. gether. with $1.5 billion more than it can be Mr. President, I am pleased to an- It has made all the difference in our own hemisphere, where all nations, save one, unless Congress reinstates the author- nounce that Mr. Burts will continue to have chosen democracy, and by establishing ity for the IRS to transfer the fourth be a leader in the southern California the Defense Ministerial of Americas we have quarter excise taxes to the trust fund. community, as he prepares to become forged new links of trust and cooperation. The FAA now expects to run out of the new president of the Los Angeles It has made all the difference in the Asia money for its capital programs, and Chamber of Commerce. I wish Mr. Pacific, where by establishing a Framework possibly its operations, much sooner Burts and his family well as he takes Agreement we froze the North Korean nu- than originally anticipated. on this new challenge. clear program and prevented a nuclear arms Mr. President, with Wednesday’s race; and where, by strengthening the Secu- f rity Agreement with Japan, we have ensured Treasury Department announcement America’s security presence—the oxygen that the trust fund could be insolvent TRIBUTE TO DR. WILLIAM J. PERRY that fuels the region’s prosperity. by March, I believe it is clear that the Choosing the right road has made all the Senate’s first and overriding priority ∑ Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, I rise difference around the world. By executing must be to immediately reinstate the today to recognize and to pay respect the Nunn-Lugar program, we have disman- excise tax and transfer authority. to Dr. William Perry for his distin- tled 4,000 nuclear weapons that once targeted While our system continues to be the guished service as the 19th Secretary of America’s cities. Today, the threat of nu- safest aviation system in the world, Defense. From his confirmation by the clear holocaust no longer hangs like a dark cloud over the heads of our children. Congress owes it to the American peo- U.S. Senate on March 5, 1993, until his Four years ago, the Department of Defense ple to consider this legislation as retirement on January 24, 1997, Dr. faced a choice. One road was well-traveled quickly as possible to ensure aviation Perry has successfully faced many and easy to follow, but it would have allowed safety, security, and capital invest- challenges as he has advised the Presi- our forces to atrophy as we completed the ment are not jeopardized in any man- dent and the Congress through the dif- post-Cold War draw down. The other road ner.∑ ficult and ever-changing post-cold war was less traveled by, twisting and bumpy with hard choices—hard choices to ensure f era. Clearly, he was the right man at the right time. that we had strong capable military forces TRIBUTE TO EZE BURTS ready to respond in a world of new dangers. Bill Perry brought to the Office of Twice before in this century when faced Mrs. BOXER. Mr. President, I rise the Secretary of Defense a deep intel- with that same choice, we chose the well- today to pay tribute to Mr. Ezunial lect, sound judgment, and a patient but traveled road of neglect. And we paid the ‘‘Eze’’ Burts, a talented public servant effective leadership style. It is no sur- price—in Korea with Task Force Smith, and from California, who is retiring this prise to me, and I am sure to others after Vietnam with a Hollow Army. This month as the executive director of the that know Bill Perry, how quickly he time we chose the road less-traveled by—the Port of Los Angeles after 12 years of endeared himself to our men and road of readiness. We established training as our highest priority. Training designed to outstanding leadership. women in uniform. His genuine concern Eze Burts has spent his entire career make the scrimmage tougher than the game. for our service members has been the We established the iron logic that quality of in public service. Early in his career, hallmark of his tenure as Secretary of life for our forces meant quality people in he worked for the Fresno County Eco- Defense. Indeed, his initiatives in the our forces. We reformed our acquisition sys- nomic Opportunities Commission area of quality-of-life have truly made tem to give our quality people the most ef- where he administered the county’s a difference, and will serve as a fitting fective technology. Technology that enables youth employment program. Later he legacy of his exemplary service. them to dominate the battlefield; to win became a top aide to Los Angeles I have known Bill Perry for many quickly, decisively, and with minimum Mayor Tom Bradley, where he handled losses. And that has made all the difference. years. I have had the opportunity to It made all the difference wherever we sent a number of duties, including serving work with him during his service in our forces to prevent, deter, or defeat aggres- as the mayor’s liaison to the police and both the Government and the private sion. In Haiti, where we restored democracy. fire departments. He also helped plan sector. As he returns once again to the In the Arabian Gulf, where we contained a security for the highly successful 1984 private sector, I look forward to con- brutal dictator. In the Korean Peninsula, Olympic Games in Los Angeles, before tinuing our relationship and I wish him where we stood firm with an ally. In Bosnia, assuming the helm of the port later and his family all the best. where we have stopped the killing and that same year. Mr. President, I ask that the elo- brought to a war-ravaged people the bless- ings of peace. The readiness road ensured the During Mr. Burts’ tenure, the Port of quent remarks that Dr. Perry gave dur- Los Angeles has become one of the Na- success of each of these missions. Readiness ing his farewell ceremony be printed in made all the difference. tion’s top trade centers, generating bil- the RECORD. Four years ago, I faced a personal choice lions of dollars in revenue and creating The remarks follow: between a well-traveled road to a quieter thousands of jobs. During this period of FAREWELL ADDRESS BY WILLIAM J. PERRY, life, centered around family and friends; and amazing growth, the port’s operating SECRETARY OF DEFENSE a less-traveled road that led to turmoil, ten- sion, and tough decisions. But it also led to revenue has doubled and the total I shall be telling this with a sigh. an opportunity to serve our nation, to sup- cargo volume has increased by more Somewhere ages and ages hence. port the troops I cared for, and to achieve than one-third. In fact, the Los Angeles Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— the dreams I cherished. Customs District is the largest in the I took the one less traveled by. I thought long and hard upon that choice Nation, and the port has become a And that has made all the difference. and took counsel from sage friends. I ques- major gateway for our Nation’s Pacific —Robert Frost. tioned my wisdom, my patience and my abil- rim trade. Mr. President, to put into Four years ago, America faced a choice; a ity to endure. But the courage to meet the perspective Mr. Burts’ responsibility choice between two roads that diverged. One test came from the advice of a tough ser- over the years, the Port of Los Angeles road led to isolation and apathy, the other geant major: ‘‘Take care of the troops,’’ he road, to engagement and action. This cen- accounts for more than 1 million jobs said, ‘‘and they will take care of you.’’ tury has taught us that the road of isolation I have followed that advice, and that, for nationwide, including 1 out of every 27 and apathy leads to instability and war. me, has made all the difference. jobs in southern California. President Clinton chose the road of en- It made all the difference every time I ad- Mr. Burts has also been at the fore- gagement and action. He strove to bridge the vised the President on when and how to use front of the Alameda corridor project, Cold War chasms; to reduce its nuclear leg- military force. It made all the difference an enterprise which is very important acy; to reach out to former adversaries, to when I negotiated with ministerial col- to my State, and indeed to the entire prevent the conditions for conflict, and to leagues, when I met with Presidents and country. When the Alameda corridor is create the conditions for peace. And that, as Kings. It made all the difference when I de- completed, goods will be quickly Robert Frost has said, has made all the dif- cided on force levels, mission goals and rules ference. of engagement every time we put our troops shipped from the Ports of Los Angeles It has made all the difference in Europe, in harm’s way. It made all the difference and Long Beach to rail yards in down- where, by establishing the Partnership for when I met with soldiers, sailors, airmen and town Los Angeles, and from there to Peace we have replaced an Iron Curtain marines, in distant lands, on domestic bases, points throughout the country. Eze which divided the nations of Europe with a on training fields, ships at sea, in cargo

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00057 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1038 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 planes, or fighter jets. It made all the dif- While opponents of the Family Med- quickly became a part of the staff lead- ference when I shared Thanksgiving meals ical Leave Act raised concerns about ership. Under every Democratic chair- with them in Haiti, in Macedonia, in Bosnia. the law’s effect on business, their fears man since 1973, he has been the staff di- That advice—‘‘Take care of the troops, and have been proven ungrounded by the rector for the Subcommittee on Energy they will take care of you’’—has made all the difference as I learned from my mis- congressionally charged Bipartisan and Water Development and, under takes, as I took pride in my achievements. Commission on Leave. The Commission Chairmen McClellan and Stennis, Proc- Today I say farewell to the President who on Leave, made up of business and tor was deputy staff director of the full honored me by asking me to serve as Sec- labor leaders, representatives of committee. Serving under some of the retary. I say farewell to my colleagues in the women and families, and members of most distinguished chairmen of this administration who worked with me to Congress, provided an initial assess- venerable committee—Senators Rus- achieve common goals. I say farewell to my ment of the family medical leave law sell, Ellender, McClellan, Magnuson, friends in the media, and in the Congress, in April 1996. The Commission found Stennis, BYRD, and Hatfield—Proctor and to the wonderful friends I have made in the embassies. that while the law has had a signifi- distinguished himself as a genius of And I say farewell to our military leaders cant impact on employers’ leave poli- compromise and an expert on the budg- who have served our country so brilliantly. cies and practices, increasing the rea- et. They have prepared our forces for war, but sons for which employees can take While the Senate has changed and they are dedicated to peace. Elie Wiesel has leave, this impact has come with mini- evolved during Proctor’s long tenure, said, ‘‘Peace is not God’s gift to mankind. It mal administrative activities and al- he never lost his fervor for his job. is our gift to each other.’’ And for the last most no costs. In fact, a number of em- Tireless is an adjective often used to four years peace is the gift we have given the ployers have reported a positive impact describe public servants, but Proctor American people. But the hardest farewell to say is to the on business performance because of epitomizes this description. His seem- troops who have served me and whom I have Family Medical Leave Act policies. ingly endless supply of energy and love served. Words cannot adequately describe my Mr. President, as a strong supporter for the Senate made him a constant pride in you. So my farewell to you is a sim- and original cosponsor of this signifi- presence even at the latest of the late- ple benediction: cant measure, I am especially pleased night sessions. This veteran of the Sen- May the Lord bless you and keep you. with the success of the family medical ate has been intimately involved with May the Lord cause His face to shine upon leave law. Because of this law, millions the annual appropriations bills, as well you, of Americans, who otherwise may have as handling innumerable continuing and give you peace.∑ been forced to choose between the de- resolutions, supplemental appropria- f mands of home and workplace, have tions, and rescissions bills, and other THE 4TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE been able to meet both their personal measures relating to the appropria- FAMILY AND MEDICAL LEAVE ACT and professional obligations. As funda- tions process. Those of us who devote mental as the Fair Labor Standards time to the task of appropriation know Mr. SARBANES. Mr. President, I rise Act, the Social Security Act and the how grueling it can be. Through it all, today to join my colleagues in recogni- Occupational Safety and Health Act, Proctor Jones devoted himself com- tion of the 4-year anniversary of the this law reaffirms the Democratic com- pletely, using his vast expertise in the Family and Medical Leave Act. Ap- mitment to ensuring a measure of job service of his country. proved by the Senate on January 29, protection to all hard-working Ameri- In addition to his Senate work, Proc- 1993, this important legislation was the cans. tor is an active member of his church first bill of the 103d Congress signed f and community. He is also the proud into law by newly elected President father of two daughters, Heather and TRIBUTE TO W. PROCTOR JONES Clinton. Lisa. It is my pleasure to speak today Prior to the enactment of the family ∑ Mr. REID. Mr. President, I rise today in tribute to Proctor Jones, and I wish medical leave law, families already to pay tribute to a Senate institution, him every happiness in his retire- confronting the hardships caused by a Proctor Jones. His hard work and ex- ment.∑ seriously ill relative had an additional ceptional service have left a lasting f burden to bear: a fear of losing their mark on the Senate, and he will be jobs should they choose to stay home sorely missed. SENATE QUARTERLY MAIL COSTS to care for a loved one. For workers I have known and worked with Proc- ∑ Mr. WARNER. Mr. President, in ac- striving to meet the competing de- tor Jones since I began my service in cordance with section 318 of Public mands of home and office, there was no the Senate. After having served with Law 101–520 as amended by Public Law consistent standard of protection. one of the giants of the Senate—Sen- 103–283, I am submitting the frank mail The Family Medical Leave Act pro- ator Richard Russell—Proctor Jones allocations made to each Senator from vides that basic standard of job secu- has gone on to become a giant in his the appropriation for official mail ex- rity to more than 67 million American own right. His vast knowledge of ap- penses and a summary tabulation of workers; guaranteeing employees up to propriations has made him an invalu- Senate mass mail costs for the fourth 12 weeks of unpaid leave to care for a able asset to the committee. Since he quarter of fiscal year 1996 to be printed newborn child or newly adopted child began in 1960, his only time away from in the RECORD. The fourth quarter of or to care for an immediate family the Senate came in 1966, when he left fiscal year 1996 covers the period of member with a serious health condi- Senator Russell’s staff to serve in the July 1, 1996, through September 30, tion. In addition, the law enables work- Marine Corps. Apart from this brief hi- 1996. The official mail allocations are ers to take medical leave when they atus, Proctor has been a part of the available for frank mail costs, as stipu- themselves are unable to work because day-to-day operations of the Senate, lated in Public Law 104–53, the Legisla- of a serious health condition—without and it will not be the same without tive Branch Appropriations act for fis- fear of being fired or losing their him. cal year 1996. health insurance. A native of Twin City, GA, Proctor The material follows: After 4 years of successfully helping came to work as Senator Russell’s American families strike a balance be- right-hand-man immediately after SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS tween work and family, it is difficult graduation from the University of FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 09/30/96 to believe that it was necessary to Georgia. As he rose through the ranks Fiscal struggle for many years and overcome on the Hill, Proctor found time to fur- Pieces year 1996 two vetoes by President Bush in order ther his education at the George Wash- Senators Total per cap- Total cost Cost per official pieces ita capita mail allo- to enact this fundamental protection ington University. In essence, he never cation for working Americans. Since its en- stopped being a student, particularly of Abraham ...... 815 0.00009 $209.83 $0.00002 $160,875 actment, this law has enabled approxi- the Senate and its appropriations proc- Akaka ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48.447 mately 12 million men and women to ess. Ashcroft ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 109,629 Baucus ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 46,822 take time off from work to meet the In 1971, when he joined the Com- Bennett ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,493 care-giving needs of their families. mittee on Appropriations, Proctor Biden ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 44,754

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00058 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1039 SENATE QUARTERLY MASS MAIL VOLUMES AND COSTS Amy Johnson grew up at her family’s Mr. President, it is an honor for me FOR THE QUARTER ENDING 09/30/96—Continued home on Lake Sarah and attended the to pay tribute to the memory of this Rockford public schools from kinder- remarkable young woman, Amy John- Fiscal Pieces year 1996 garten through her senior year of high son, who touched the lives of so many Senators Total per cap- Total cost Cost per official school. At age 17, Amy died in a car ac- during her brief life.∑ pieces ita capita mail allo- cation cident early one morning on her way to f the school she loved. Bingaman ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,404 An excellent student, talented ath- TRIP REPORT—THE PEOPLE’S RE- Bond ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 109,629 PUBLIC OF CHINA, HONG KONG, Boxer ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 433,718 lete, and student leader, Amy was ex- Bradley ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 139,706 TAIWAN, AND NEPAL Breaux ...... 2,811 0.00066 1,989.59 0.00046 92,701 tensively involved in diverse activities Brown ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 86,750 throughout the year. A typical school ∑ Mrs. FEINSTEIN. Mr. President, Bryan ...... 73,120 0.05510 9,595.11 0.00723 56,208 from November 11 through November Bumpes ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 69,809 year began for Amy with a class sched- Burns ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 46,822 ule that included band and choir in ad- 26, 1996, I traveled to the People’s Re- Byrd ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 59,003 public of China, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Campbell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 86,750 dition to the traditional academic sub- Chafee ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,698 jects. and Nepal for discussions with senior Coats ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 112,682 Cochran ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 69,473 Her 6-year commitment to band was leaders in each of these places. I have Cohen ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 52,134 most demanding in the autumn with today transmitted my report on this Conrad ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 43,403 Coverdell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 131,465 extra practices for the flag corps of the trip to the chairman and ranking mi- Craig ...... 23,560 0.02208 6,401.43 0.00600 49,706 marching band and many evenings de- nority member of the Committee on D’Amato ...... 282,800 0.01561 54,566.49 0.00301 262,927 Daschle ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 44,228 voted to playing the trumpet with the Foreign Relations. I hope my col- DeWine ...... 20,700 0.00188 28,538.77 0.00259 186,314 pep band. She also played volley ball leagues find it of interest. Dodd ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 80,388 Domenici ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,404 for 5 years, 3 of which were spent on I ask that the report be printed in Dorgan ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 43,403 the varsity team. the RECORD. Exon ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 57,167 The report follows: Faircloth ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 134,344 Gymnastics marked the beginning of Feingold ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 102,412 the winter season for her. Competing U.S. SENATE, Feinstein ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 433,718 Washington, DC, February 5, 1997. Ford ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 86,009 on all four events for all of her 5 years Frahm ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 70,459 and a varsity team member for 4, Hon. JESSE HELMS, Frist ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 106,658 Amy’s involvement in this sport exem- Chairman. Glenn ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 186,314 Hon. JOSEPH R. BIDEN, Jr., Gorton ...... 147,150 0.02865 28,207.01 0.00549 109,059 plified the pride, perseverance, and Graham ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 259,426 Ranking Minority Member, Committee on For- Gramm ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 281,361 commitment that she applied to every eign Relations, U.S. Senate, Washington, Grams ...... 48,301 0.01078 12,793.51 0.00286 96,024 facet of her life. DC. Grassley ...... 282,700 0.10053 52,804.31 0.01878 73,403 Gregg ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 50,569 She enjoyed singing with the choir DEAR SENATOR HELMS and Senator BIDEN: Harkin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 73,403 and participated in choral duets and Attached please find a report on my travel Hatch ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 56,493 to China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, and Nepal Hatfield ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 78,163 the stage—jazz—band for several years Heflin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 89,144 in district and State competitions. Her from November 11 through 26, 1996. During Helms ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 134,344 the China portion of the trip and parts of the Hollings ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 85,277 musical talent and enjoyment of the Hong Kong and Taiwan portions, I joined Hutchison ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 281,361 dramatic arts led Amy to participate Inhofe ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 82,695 Senators Daschle, Dorgan, Glenn, Kemp- Inouye ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,447 in musicals and plays. thorne, and Leahy. Travel costs were at my Jeffords ...... 22,250 0.03904 4,757.18 0.00835 42,858 The spring brought Amy outdoors, personal expense. Johnston ...... 2,811 0.00066 1,984.85 0.00046 92,701 In China, I discussed with the Chinese lead- Kassebaum ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 70,459 where she played second base with the Kempthorne ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 49,706 varsity softball team for 4 years. Even ership the need to develop a long-term stra- Kennedy ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 117,964 though the school year would come to tegic framework for our relationship based Kerrey ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 57,167 on our many mutual interests, tensions in Kerry ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 117,964 an end each spring, the softball season Kohl ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 102,412 the triangular U.S.-China-Taiwan relation- Kyl ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 93,047 continued into the summer. From the ship, a variety of U.S.-China trade issues, Lautenberg ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 139,706 tee ball leagues in second grade to the nonproliferation and other security con- Leahy ...... 5,911 0.01037 3,675.39 0.00645 42,858 Levin ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 160,875 State softball fast pitch tournament in cerns, and human rights and legal develop- Lieberman ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 80,388 1995, Amy spent many hours of her ment in China. Lott ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 69,473 In Hong Kong, the itinerary included meet- Lugar ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 112,682 summer vacation on the field. Mack ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 259,426 The past two summers she began sav- ings with British, Chinese, and Hong Kong McCain ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 93,047 ing money for college working at Len officials and members of the business com- McConnell ...... 284,000 0.07563 55,155.85 0.01469 86,009 munity to assess the prospects for Hong Mikulski ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 101.272 Busch Roses and the Hennepin County Moseley-Braun ..... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 184,773 Kong’s reversion to Chinese rule in July 1997. Moynihan ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 262,927 Baker Park Reserve on Lake Independ- In meetings with the Taiwanese leadership Murkowski ...... 287,000 0.48893 55,636.53 0.09478 42,565 ence. in Taipei, I discussed Taiwan’s role in the Murray ...... 37,835 0.00737 9,404.97 0.00183 109,059 Nickles ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 82,695 Throughout all of the season’s activi- U.S.-China relationship and how to get dia- Nunn ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 131,465 ties, Amy was a leader inside and out- logue across the Taiwan Strait back on Pell ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 48,698 side of the classroom. She was an hon- track. Pressler ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 44,228 In Nepal, I examined the progress made by Pryor ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 69,809 ors student and a member of the Na- Reid ...... 73,120 0.05510 9,593.56 0.00723 56,208 tional Honor Society, as well as the this fledgling democracy in consolidating its Robb ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 121,897 democratic institutions, and looked at ways Rockefeller ...... 131,000 0.07230 29,347.28 0.01620 59,003 secretary of her senior, junior, and the United States can be most effective in Roth ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 44,754 Santorum ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 199,085 freshman class. She was the cocaptain helping promote Nepal’s economic develop- Sarbanes ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 101,272 of the gymnastic and softball teams ment. I met with His Majesty King Birendra Shelby ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 89,144 Bir Bikram Shah, Prime Minister Sher Simon ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 184,773 and was recognized in all three sports Simpson ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 41,633 as an all-conference athlete. In her sen- Bahadur Deuba, and Foreign Minister Smith ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 50,569 ior year she was chosen Homecoming Prakash Chandra Lohani, as well as mem- Snowe ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 52,134 bers of the various parties in the parliament. Specter ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 199,084 Queen. I am grateful to Ambassador James Sasser Stevens ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 42,565 Most of Amy’s friends and teachers Thomas ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 41,633 and his staff in Beijing, Consul General Rich- Thompson ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 106,658 will remember her shining smile that ard Boucher and his staff in Hong Kong, Thurmond ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 85,277 simply defined her presence. It is her Warner ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 121,897 American Institute in Taiwan Director Wellstone ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 96,024 family’s hope that this remarkable Darryl Johnson and his staff in Taipei, and Wyden ...... 0 0.00000 0.00 0.00000 52,135• young woman’s spirit will be perpet- Ambassador Sandy Vogelgesang and her staff in Kathmandu. Their cooperation and assist- f uated through a scholarship that was established in her memory. ance helped make this trip as productive as AMY NICOLLE JOHNSON, AUGUST Amy valued respect, compassion, it was. I would particularly like to thank 20, 1978–DECEMBER 14, 1995 honesty, integrity, and responsibility. Foreign Service Officers Darcy Zotter, Rob- ∑ ert Forden, Michael Meserve, Gina Sullivan, Mr. WELLSTONE. Mr. President, I She made a sincere effort to live up to Paul Daley, and Peter Bodde, and AIT staffer rise to pay tribute to the memory of a those values daily and she made a posi- Andrew Wilson, for their assistance. I am fine young person from Minnesota, tive difference in the lives of all those also grateful to the staff of the Committee Amy Nicolle Johnson. she encountered. on Foreign Relations for their help.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00059 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1040 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 I hope you find this report useful. Executive Vice Premier Zhu Rongji. recent efforts to discourage and restrict Tai- Sincerely, In addition to the above meetings, we re- wanese investment in China. On the other DIANNE FEINSTEIN, ceived briefings from the staff of the United hand, Hong Kong’s reversion to Chinese rule United States Senator. States Embassy in Beijing, including Ambas- may begin to initiate the three links, as Tai- sador James Sasser. We also conducted meet- f wan will continue to interact with Hong ings with representatives of American com- Kong much as it has in the past. There is SENATOR DIANNE FEINSTEIN: TRIP REPORT— panies doing business in China to learn about some sense that if the Hong Kong transition THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA, HONG the current climate for U.S. firms in China goes smoothly, it could ease the way for KONG, TAIWAN, AND NEPAL, NOVEMBER 11– and how it is affected by developments in the eventual reunification between Taiwan and 26, 1996 political and trade relationship between the China on the ‘‘one country, two systems’’ Following my visit to China in August United States and China. model. 1995, I was encouraged by Ambassador Liu Overview of the U.S.-China Relationship It is impossible to overstate the depth of Shuqing, President of the Chinese People’s Our discussions with Chinese leaders indi- Chinese feelings on Taiwan’s role in the U.S.- Institute for Foreign Affairs, to organize ad- China relationship. President Jiang told me ditional delegations of Senators to travel to cated a fair degree of optimism about pros- pects for an improved environment in the clearly and directly, that the main thing he China to meet with senior leaders and dis- needs in order to pursue improved U.S.-China cuss a range of issues affecting the U.S.- U.S.-China relationship in 1997, tempered by caution with respect to a number of issues of relations is for the Taiwan issue to remain China relationship. The first of these delega- quiet. If it is handled well, everything is pos- concern to China. The Chinese seem to view tions, consisting of Senator Sam Nunn, Sen- sible. If it is not handled well, it could cause the reelection of President Clinton as an op- ator John Glenn, and myself traveled to a shock to U.S.-China relations. Tang portunity for the U.S.-China relationship to China in January 1996. Shubei, Executive Director of the Associa- progress without being hampered by the va- From November 11–17, 1996, I joined Sen- tion for Relations Across the Taiwan Straits, garies of American politics to the degree it ator Tom Daschle’s delegation traveling to specifically mentioned two potential pitfalls: was in 1996. In November, they were opti- Beijing, Hong Kong, and Taiwan. I subse- if Lee Teng-hui is granted a transit visa to mistic about Secretary’s Christopher’s up- quently returned to Hong Kong for addi- the United States on his way to Panama in coming visit and the Jiang-Clinton meeting tional meetings from November 17–20, and September, and uses the Panama Canal in Manila. They are also encouraged by the then traveled to Nepal from November 20–26. hand-over ceremony to meet with President My husband, Mr. Richard C. Blum, and I planned visit of Vice President Gore in early Clinton; and if U.S. arms sales to Taiwan are traveled at personal expense. We were ac- 1997 and the subsequent exchange of Presi- not seen to be declining over time, and companied throughout by a member of my dential visits. The Chinese see these develop- avoiding offensive weapons systems, such as staff, Mr. Daniel Shapiro, whose expenses ments as important steps toward estab- landing craft. During my lengthy discussion were underwritten by the Committee on For- lishing the consistent high-level dialogue with Tang Shubei, he gave a comprehensive eign Relations. that the U.S.-China relationship needs to and precise presentation of China’s views on make progress on issues of common interest CHINA Taiwan, expressing a resolute firmness that I and areas of disagreement. In the words of had not seen before. The issues we discussed with the Chinese President Jiang, ‘‘the sky is clearer now.’’ leadership included: At the same time, there are several rea- Trade Issues The prospects for a more stable and pro- sons to believe that progress in the relation- Perhaps in a manifestation of pre-Party ductive U.S-China relationship in the wake ship in 1997 will be incremental, rather than Congress stiffening of views, the Chinese of Secretary of State Christopher’s visit to dramatic. First, the 15th Communist Party seemed particularly stubborn on a number of China and the meeting between Presidents Congress, when Chinese leadership positions the trade issues affecting U.S.-China rela- Clinton and Jiang in Manila; will be decided for the next five years is tions. I had a long discussion with Executive The prospects for reduced tensions between scheduled for September 1997. In the run-up Vice Premier on the subject of TCK wheat. Taiwan and China, and the role of Taiwan in to this Congress, many Chinese leaders will China refuses to import virtually any U.S. the U.S.-China relationship; wheat at the moment, on the grounds that The July 1997 reversion of Hong Kong to feel pressure to display their nationalist cre- dentials, and this may take the form of chal- all U.S. wheat is potentially infected with Chinese sovereignty, and the U.S. interests TCK by the rail cars used to transport wheat at stake in a stable transition for Hong lenging the United States, or at least dem- onstrating minimum flexibility, on any around the United States. While the Chinese Kong; view on TCK is, according to U.S. specialists, The lack of progress in resolving a number number of issues. Second, the transition of Hong Kong, which takes place on July 1, not backed up by sound science, they main- of outstanding trade disputes between the tain that China will not resume U.S. wheat United States and China; 1997, will be watched closely by the United States and the world. If it leads to con- imports unless Chinese inspectors are al- The human rights situation in China, with lowed to examine the wheat when it is load- frontations between the Chinese authorities emphasis on Tibet and the status of leading ed onto ships. This wheat dispute is respon- and Hong Kong democracy activists, or if dissidents who have been detained or impris- sible for a significant decline in U.S. agricul- U.S. interests are put at risk, it could be the oned; tural exports to China. Regional security issues, including North source of considerable tension in U.S.-China China’s position on its application to join Korea and South Asia, and the prospects for relations. Finally, a significant number of the WTO has changed little in recent enhanced military-to-military dialogue and bilateral issues can continue to plague ef- months. Beijing continues to believe that it cooperation between the United States and forts to normalize U.S.-China relations, in- should be admitted to the WTO as a devel- China; and cluding trade disputes, nonproliferation con- oping country, and that it should try to The recent progress made on U.S. non- cerns, human rights, and, most importantly, make the necessary changes to its economy proliferation concerns, and the need for con- Taiwan. over time. There has been little or no re- tinued progress in this area. Taiwan sponse to the ‘‘road-map’’ provided by USTR On the evening of Thursday, November 14, Taiwan remains the issue with the greatest to the Chinese in early 1996. I met with President Jiang Zemin privately potential to seriously disrupt and inflame ef- It seems clear to me that if there is not at the Great Hall of the People. We were forts to stabilize the U.S.-China relationship. progress on these trade issues, and on the ex- then joined by Senators Tom Daschle, Byron The Chinese blame Lee Teng-hui for the ab- panding U.S.-China trade imbalance, trade Dorgan, John Glenn, Dirk Kempthorne, and sence of cross-strait dialogue. They believe will become a major political problem in the Patrick Leahy for a one hour meeting, fol- he is actively casting doubt on the one-China relationship, and could lead us down the road lowed by a two and a half hour dinner, also policy, and doing so because he believes he toward a serious confrontation. While the in the Great Hall of the People. has U.S. and Japanese support. They insist Chinese seem to recognize this potential, During the rest of our visit, we conducted that for an atmosphere conducive to dia- they continue to insist that they can do meetings and working meals with: Vice Chairman of the Central Military logue to resume, Lee must take concrete ac- nothing about the trade imbalance because Committee and Minister of National Defense tions: recognize the indivisibility of China’s it is caused primarily by foreign-owned ven- Chi Haotian; territory and sovereignty; and stop seeking tures that export out of China, and by goods Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs Li to expand Taiwan’s diplomatic presence, es- exported via Hong Kong. They say that nei- Zhaoxing; and pecially with countries who have relations ther category should be counted against Chi- President of the Chinese People’s Institute with China and at the United Nations. They nese export totals, resulting in a huge dis- of Foreign Affairs Liu Shuqing. do not insist that Taiwan recognize the sov- parity between the trade figures cited by the Because I arrived before the Daschle dele- ereignty of the PRC government. two sides (the U.S. figure: $35 billion imbal- gation and remained in Beijing after their China is eager to develop the so-called ance; China’s figure: $8.6 billion). departure, I conducted separate meetings ‘‘three links’’ with Taiwan: direct air travel, Most importantly, the one area of flexi- with: shipping, and postal service. They believe bility I saw was in Zhu Rongji’s willingness Director of the Office of Hong Kong and Taiwan’s reluctance to open them on China’s to set up a joint working group between U.S. Macao Affairs of the State Council Lu Ping; terms (such as not flying a Taiwanese flag in and Chinese trade specialists, to come up Executive Director of the Association of Chinese ports) is a sign that Lee Teng-hui is with a common method of calculating the Relations Across the Taiwan Straits Tang trying to widen the divisions between the trade balance, especially after Hong Kong re- Shubei; and mainland and Taiwan. They also cite Lee’s verts to Chinese sovereignty. This working

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group could offer a course of action that nese aggression against China as the source THE CROSS-STRAITS DIALOGUE would be positive and move both sides to- of China’s nervousness. They seemed to ac- Taiwanese leaders feel that, with respect ward a resolution of this impasse. cept our assurances that the U.S. presence in to prospects for restarting the Cross-Straits Hong Kong Japan and throughout Asia is intended to re- Dialogue, the ball is in China’s court. They China seems to genuinely want to see a duce tensions, ensure stability, and make accuse China’s leaders of claiming to place smooth transition take place in Hong Kong, unlikely the military adventurism that no conditions on resumption of a dialogue, and they repeatedly voice their commitment China seems to fear from Japan. Their basic while in fact demanding an important con- to allowing the ‘‘one country, two systems’’ trust was evident in the Defense Minister’s cession in advance: Taiwan’s agreement to approach to take hold. They stress their in- expressed desire to broaden and deepen mili- China’s interpretation of the One China pol- tention to let the government of Hong Kong tary exchanges and dialogue—including ship icy. The PRC’s demand that Taiwan ac- be the final arbiter of Hong Kong affairs. visits—between the United States and China. knowledge that the sovereignty and terri- This standard, freely volunteered by Beijing, Nevertheless, they are suspicious of Japa- tory of China are indivisible is interpreted seems to be the appropriate way to judge nese intentions. In my view, this could be- by the Taiwanese leaders as denying the ex- how the transition goes. come an area for serious concern if not han- istence of the Republic of China on Taiwan. The decision to appoint a provisional dled carefully. According to Foreign Minister John Chang, the Taiwanese leadership would rath- Legco and the method of appointment of the HUMAN RIGHTS first chief executive have led to some con- er acknowledge the existence of One China, Our discussions on human rights did not but say that it is currently divided, and that cern over China’s true intentions. Again, the bear a great deal of fruit. China continues to measure by which to judge these events is it has two governments—the People’s Repub- see U.S. criticism of its human rights record, lic of China government in Beijing, and the the degree to which China allows the Hong and particularly the six-year-old effort to Kong government to make decisions on such Republic of China government in Taipei. pass a resolution condemning China at the Foreign Minister Chang says that Beijing’s issues as allowing a commemoration of the U.N. Human Rights Convention, as inter- June 4 incidents in Tiananmen Square, press version of the One China policy would re- ference in its internal affairs. We raised the quire Taiwan to accept the communist sys- freedoms, and so on. In addition, it will be case of Nawang Choepel, a Tibetan who was tem of government, which the people of Tai- important to observe whether China keeps arrested for recording Tibetan music under a wan would never accept. He said that such a its commitment to move the selection of fu- Fulbright scholarship. However, we got little move would actually increase pro-independ- ture Hong Kong governments in the direc- response, and subsequent to our visit, he was ence sentiment in Taiwan, which his govern- tion of universal elections over the next ten sentenced to 18 years in prison for spying, ment says it opposes. years. with the goal of splitting Tibet from China. But it is sometimes difficult to distinguish In my meeting with Lu Ping, Director of His case is one of a number of indicators that Minister Chang’s description of Taiwan’s the Office of Hong Kong and Macao Affairs China has significantly racheted up the pres- version of the One China policy from a Two for the State Council, who is overseeing the sure in Tibet, and that human rights abuses Chinas policy, which he says his government transition, I asked specifically if China there have increased. rejects. He speaks of two co-equal Chinese would allow peaceful dissent, such as com- And yet, progress toward implementation governments, the PRC and the ROC, each memorations of the June 4 incidents, after of the rule of law continues, slowly but sure- with its own sovereignty and conducting its July 1, 1997. Mr. Lu, who was made aware of ly, including the preparation of a number of own international affairs. Reunification is the questions I would be asking prior to the new laws limiting police powers and restrict- mentioned as a lofty, but currently unreal- meeting, was unequivocal in his response: ing the use of administrative detention. istic goal, and one that can never happen such protests would certainly be permitted More progress like this remains the best without the collapse of the PRC government as long as they are consistent with Hong long-term hope for significant improvement in Beijing. In our meeting with President Kong law. The test will be whether China of the human rights situation in China. Lee, he suggested that One China is not the tries to imposes changes on Hong Kong law During my meeting with President Jiang, I current reality, but rather a future goal. It is that would limit freedoms. certainly possible that such a policy causes U.S. interests in Hong Kong, such as con- proposed to him a joint working group on confusion in Beijing about Taiwan’s true in- tinued ship visits and the operation of the human rights, whose members would be ap- pointed by the two Presidents. The group tentions. U.S. Consulate General do appear to be on The Taiwanese leadership blames the PRC the Chinese radar screen and resolvable would conduct research and fact-finding in order to chart the evolution of human rights for its breaking off the Cross-Straits Dia- through negotiations. (Later Chinese Ambas- logue following the promising talks between sador to the United State Li Daoyu reported in both China and the United States in the last 20 to 30 years. The group would also Koo Chen-fu of Taiwan’s Straits Exchange to me that military ship visits for R&R will Foundation and Wang Daohan of China’s As- be permitted to continue.) make recommendations on areas still in need of improvement, presenting their find- sociation for Relations Across the Taiwan Military and Security Issues ings in reports to both Presidents. President Straits in May 1995. In so doing, Taiwanese Interestingly, the greatest degree of co- Jiang said he would consider this proposal, leaders draw no explicit connection between operation appeared to be in the areas of the which I believe could help break the dead- Lee Teng-hui’s visit to Cornell University relationship relating to military cooperation lock we currently have with the Chinese over and the Chinese decision. Nevertheless, the and security issues. For example, while the human rights and provide a methodology for Taiwanese leadership does seem to have in- Chinese are critical of U.S. arms sales to discussion. ternalized the need to proceed cautiously Taiwan as a proliferation matter, they do and avoid provocative actions to which the TAIWAN seem receptive to further dialogue about nu- Chinese leadership will feel forced to re- clear proliferation. In recent months, China The issues we discussed with Taiwanese spond. President Lee maintains that he is has committed not to provide equipment to leaders included: the prospects for a resump- eager to meet with President Jiang Zemin, unsafeguarded nuclear facilities, and it has tion of the Cross-Straits Dialogue with but expects that any movement will be im- decided against selling nuclear reactors to China; the U.S.-China relationship and its possible before the 15th Communist Party Iran. Currently, China is considering the sale implications for Taiwan, including Taiwan’s Congress takes place in the fall of 1997. of a uranium enrichment facility to Iran, but security; Taiwan’s efforts to expand its At the same time, there are signs that the prospect of implementing the 1985 U.S.- international role, or its ‘‘pragmatic diplo- President Lee is encouraging a loosening of China peaceful nuclear energy agreement is macy’’; Taiwan’s democratic progress; and ties with the mainland. Taiwanese interests a strong incentive for them to cancel the lobbying efforts in Washington on behalf of have $30 billion worth of foreign investment Iran sale. Taiwan. in China, and two-way trade across the strait On North Korea, the Chinese believe Kim I joined with Senators Daschle, Dorgan, stands at $20 billion annually. In recent Jong-Il is in charge and that the food short- Glenn, and Leahy for meetings with: months, President Lee has admonished the ages are not as severe as have been stated in President Lee Teng-hui; Vice President/ business community ‘‘not to put all its eggs the West. China believes the United States’ Premier Lien Chan; and Foreign Minister in one basket’’ and to diversify its markets efforts to denuclearize the Korean Peninsula John Chang, who also hosted the delegation for exports and investment. There is even are useful, and they sound like they are will- for dinner. talk of more formal restrictions on large in- ing to be supportive of the advancement of Separately from Senator Daschle’s delega- vestment projects in China. It is not clear this process. On South Asia, there appears to tion, I had several additional meetings, in- whether this trend is a sign of a weakening be a slowly growing recognition that China’s cluding: a visit with Dr. Koo Chen-fu, Chair- of Lee Teng-hui’s commitment to reunifica- own security interests are at stake in pre- man of the Straits Exchange Foundation, in tion, or an indication that he feels that the serving stability between India and Paki- his home; a private meeting with Foreign deepening of economic ties across the strait stan, and reducing the likelihood of a nu- Minister John Chang; a breakfast with will decrease Taiwan’s bargaining power over clear confrontation. Chang King-yuh, Chairman of the Mainland political issues. Either way, it is a source of The one area of major concern to China is Affairs Council, and Dr. Koo Chen-fu; a meet- concern to the business community and re- the revised U.S. security agreement with ing with Chiling Tong, Director of the Cali- unification advocates on both sides of the Japan. Defense Minister Chi Haotian and fornia Office of Trade and Investment; and a strait. Vice Foreign Minister Li Zhaoxing both luncheon hosted by the American Chamber A similar question could be posed about raised this issue, citing the history of Japa- of Commerce in Taipei. Lee’s reticence to agree to the three direct

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00061 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1042 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 links (air, shipping, and postal) that China is into the United Nations. Taiwan is also plac- On the evening of Friday, November 15, I eager to establish. The shipping link is os- ing a high priority on its application to the joined Senator Daschle’s delegation for a tensibly stalled over which flag the ships World Trade Organization, which it wants dinner hosted by U.S. Consul General Rich- will fly in which ports. But these questions considered on its own merits, with no con- ard Boucher at his home. In attendance were will essentially become moot after the tran- nection to China’s application. Both of these a cross-section of members of the Hong Kong sition of Hong Kong to Chinese rule. At that pursuits could present serious problems community, representing a variety of polit- point, Taiwanese ships sailing to Hong Kong should the United States once again become ical and other views, including Democratic will be conducting a direct link with China. entangled. Party leader Martin Lee and Preparatory There is some debate on this point within In light of South Africa’s decision to sever Committee Member Nellie Fong. During the the Taiwanese leadership—Minister Chang its ties with Taiwan and establish diplomatic rest of our stay, I conducted meetings and denied that direct links would be established relations with Beijing, Taiwanese officials working meals with Chief Executive-Des- via Hong Kong, which Dr. Koo suggested that are increasingly concerned that they may be ignate Tung Chee-hwa (C.H. Tung); Members Hong Kong’s transition could provide an slipping in their competition with Beijing of the American Chamber of Commerce in opening to formalize such links. Whatever for international recognition. Besides believ- Hong Kong (with Senator Daschle’s delega- reluctance the Taiwanese leadership may ing that Taiwan, as the world’s 14th largest tion); Governor Chris Patten (with Senator have about establishing such links, there trading nation, is entitled to the aspects of a Daschle’s delegation); Members of the Better seems little doubt that they will need to do sovereign nation (such as diplomatic rela- Hong Kong Foundation, including Henry so eventually. Taiwan’s business community tions), they believe that surrendering this Cheng, Edgar Cheng, and Leonie Kie; U.S. strongly favors the links. But beyond that, position would only increase sentiment for Consul General Richard Boucher; William considering China’s increasingly important independence in Taiwan. Lee’s ruling Kuo- Overholt, Managing Director of Banker’s role in Asia’s economy, the Taiwanese lead- mintang Party estimates that the pro-inde- Trust and a leading Hong Kong watcher and ership’s stated desire to develop Taiwan into pendence Democratic People’s Party would author; Nellie Fong, Member of the Pre- an Asian-Pacific Regional Operations Center win the next elections if Taiwanese voters paratory Committee and Executive Director for business, finance, media, entertainment, perceived their government to be abandoning of the Better Hong Kong Foundation. and other sectors seems hopelessly unreal- its sovereignty. I also attended the opening dinner of the istic unless companies that base themselves Lee and his advisers say they understand World Economic Forum 1996 Europe/Asia Beijing’s sensitivities on this issue, but they in Taiwan can interact directly with China. Economic Summit, at which Chief Secretary I was particularly impressed by my discus- claim to be surprised by China’s reaction to Anson Chan was the keynote speaker. On sions with Dr. Koo Chen-fu. He appears to Lee’s visit to the United States. He does not Tuesday, November 19, I participated in a have a keen understanding of the constraints see Taiwan’s international efforts as posing panel discussion on Hong Kong’s future at a under which the Chinese leadership is oper- any threat to China’s view of the One China session of the World Economic Summit, at ating, and is apparently thinking creatively policy. Nevertheless, for the past year and a which C.H. Tung was the main speaker and I about ways to break the impasse. In contrast half, Lee has somewhat moderated his own responded to his remarks. personal role in Taiwan’s international ef- to some of his colleagues, who seem content forts. Whether he continues to eschew an SELECTION OF THE CHIEF EXECUTIVE to restate Taiwan’s position and explain why overt challenge to China’s concerns will help We arrived in Hong Kong the day that C.H. China is to blame for the talks not restart- determine whether or not there is a repeat of Tung won a majority of votes from the Pre- ing, Dr. Koo takes a nuanced approach to the the cross-straits crisis of 1995–96. paratory Committee in the first round of problem and is probing for solutions. Taiwan DEMOCRACY voting for Chief Executive, catapulting him would benefit from his ability to influence to victory in the final round of voting three Taiwan’s leaders are justifiably proud of their internal policy debates. weeks later. The general assessment of Mr. the progress of Taiwanese democracy in the TAIWAN’S SECURITY Tung is positive: he is considered to be intel- March 1996 elections. Lee pointedly rejects The Taiwanese leaders we met all ex- ligent, fair-minded, and concerned about the the concept of ‘‘Asian values’’ championed pressed their extreme gratitude for the U.S. best interests of Hong Kong. Gov. Chris Pat- by Singapore’s Lee Kwan Yew and others, decision to deploy two aircraft carriers near ten, is highly complimentary of Mr. Tung’s which suggests that Asian societies are not the Taiwan Strait during the March 1996 Chi- abilities. But there is obvious concern in conducive to democracy. Lee Teng-hui and nese missile tests and military exercises in some quarters —voiced by Gov. Patten, Mar- his colleagues say they have learned from the Strait. They also expressed appreciation tin Lee, and others—about the degree of this experience to be responsive to the elec- for U.S. arms sales to Taiwan which, accord- independence from Beijing he will be able to torate, and hence, they feel justified in their ing to the Taiwan Relations Act, are sup- demonstrate in his governance. international efforts. But they also recognize posed to ensure Taiwan’s ability to defend In his public statements, Mr. Tung has the need to maintain stability: Lee esti- itself. The United States, they said, has lived been attentive to the concerns expressed by mates that Taiwan needs 30 years of sta- up to its commitments in the Taiwan Rela- various members of the Hong Kong commu- bility to consolidate its democratic institu- tions Act. nity. He explains that he intends to consult Premier Lien Chan and Foreign Minister tions. This realization could inject a note of widely and deeply among Hong Kong’s citi- John Chang, however, emphasized that Chi- caution into their relationship with China. zenry, and that he intends to be protective of na’s purchase of Russian Su-27s and the pres- LOBBYING EFFORTS Hong Kong’s interests when dealing with ence of Russian military advisers in China During our discussion with Premier Lien Beijing. At the same time, he makes clear underlined the need for Taiwan to begin to Chan, he made an unsolicited assertion that that Hong Kong’s relationship with China is take delivery of the 150 F–16s from the the Taiwanese government does not spend about to become much closer, and that this United States in 1997. Taiwan has also pur- any money on lobbying efforts in Wash- change is not something to dread; indeed, it chased 70 Mirages from France. These two ington. He said that some individuals and can bring significant mutual benefit. purchases, they feel, will combine to bolster groups—and when prodded, agreed that such My own view of Mr. Tung, whom I know Taiwan’s air defense capabilities. groups could include the ruling KMT Party— reasonably well, is that he is unquestionably In addition, Taiwanese leaders clearly un- might lobby in Washington for causes that qualified for the post of Chief Executive, derstand the impact of diplomatic events on coincide with the policies of the Taiwanese having shown impressive administrative their security. Therefore, Lee Teng-hui him- government, such as Taiwan’s efforts to gain skills as a shipping magnate, and having self said plainly that he is very supportive of entry into the United Nations. He asserted in been a leading promoter of Hong Kong. I am a healthy U.S.-China relationship, including no uncertain terms that any firm or indi- hopeful that he will display the right in- regular dialogue at the highest levels. While vidual that claims to be lobbying on behalf stincts about how to maintain a significant Foreign Minister Chang said that he would of the government of Taiwan is misrepre- degree of autonomy for Hong Kong while not want the U.S.-China relationship to im- senting itself. However, he did concede that managing what will inevitably be a closer re- prove at the expense of Taiwan, there is in the final analysis, the positions adopted lationship with Beijing. His challenge will be clear recognition among Taiwanese leaders by lobbying organizations (and whether or to reassure the people of Hong Kong that he that there security is enhanced, rather than not they coincide with Taiwanese policies) can and will stand up for Hong Kong’s inter- threatened by improved relations between are more important than the actual source ests when challenged, and do so in such a the United States and China. of funding of that lobbying activity. way that the Beijing authorities will respect. TAIWAN’S INTERNATIONAL EFFORTS HONG KONG His excellent reputation in both Hong Kong Although fully aware of Beijing’s objec- The issues we discussed with Hong Kong and Beijing is a crucial asset as he sets out tions, Taiwanese leaders plan to continue leaders included the appointment of a new to achieve this challenging balancing act. their efforts to forge international ties Chief Executive; the induction of a Provi- The Provisional Legco through what they call ‘‘pragmatic diplo- sional Legislative Council; the prospects for Beijing’s decision to follow through on its macy.’’ In an effort to expand Taiwan’s the maintenance of Hong Kong’s freedoms decision to establish a provisional legisla- ‘‘breathing space,’’ Lee Teng-hui will con- and civil liberties after the transition to Chi- ture (Legco) and abolish the existing Legco tinue to conduct what he considers to be pri- nese rule; Hong Kong’s economic outlook on July 1, 1997 is unfortunate. While the Pro- vate visits abroad, and Taiwan will seek to after the transition; and what role the visional Legco grows out of China’s (accu- maintain its diplomatic ties with those United States should play as the transition rate) sense that the British changed the countries who recognize it and to gain entry moves forward. rules in Hong Kong after the signing of the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00062 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1043 1984 Sino-British Joint Declaration, its ulti- Since 1992, the Hang Seng index has more Prabhakar Rana, a leading industrialist. I mate impact will be difficult to judge until than tripled in value. also traveled extensively through the coun- we know what comes after it. Surveys conducted by the American Cham- try, getting a sense of living conditions, and Some hold out hope that China may re- ber of Commerce and others consistently observing aid projects run by the U.S. gov- verse itself and decide not to disband the show that business confidence remains well ernment and others. In particular, I focused elected Legco after all, but as the Chinese in excess of 90 percent. A negligible number on projects financed by my husband’s Amer- say, ‘‘the rice is cooked’’ on that decision. of businesses have left Hong Kong, while new ican Himalayan Foundation, including a Ti- Indeed, the Provisional Legco has already ones arrive every month. For many, the betan refugee center. At the conclusion of begun meeting. However, Beijing, and its knowledge that Hong Kong will remain after the trip, I had the opportunity to discuss supporters in Hong Kong, insist that the Pro- the transition the gateway to the vast Chi- with Ambassador Vogelgesang and the Prime visional Legco will be replaced by a popu- nese market that it has always been is all Minister’s wife, Ms. Arzu Deuba, plans for es- larly elected Legco within one year of the the encouragement they need. But there is tablishing a public-private partnership to handover. also a fairly relaxed attitude about the ap- fund a women-to-women nutrition program If the Provisional Legco is replaced within proach to business that China will take. for Nepali pre-school children. a year by a genuinely elected body, and if it While there are concerns about attempts by In addition, Dan Shapiro of my staff con- restrains itself during its tenure from dis- the Chinese authorities to restrict the free ducted separate meetings with the U.N. High mantling many of the basic freedoms en- flow of economic information or stifle the Commission for Refugees representative in joyed in Hong Kong, the current battle over press, for the short term at least, Hong Nepal, Erkki Heinonen, and Anil Chitrakar the Provisional Legco will in retrospect look Kong’s economic prospects appear very posi- of the International Union for the Conserva- excessive. But if the Provisional Legco en- tive. tion of Nature for a discussion of the envi- acts far-reaching changes in Hong Kong law, The U.S. Role ronmental impact of new large hydropower or if its tenure is arbitrarily extended, or if The United States has clear interests in dams. He also attended several sessions of a the elections for its successor are rigged to the continuation of Hong Kong’s prosperity conference on export and investment oppor- produce a pro-Beijing result, the Provisional and autonomy. We need to regularly make tunities for U.S. firms in the renewable en- Legco will have proved to be a harbinger of clear to the Chinese authorities that we ergy sector in Nepal. The conference was a serious deterioration of the autonomy of would oppose any attempt to significantly sponsored in part by the U.S.-Nepal Chamber Hong Kong. Above all, neither the Provi- roll back the freedoms enjoyed by the people of Commerce. sional Legco nor its successors can be al- of Hong Kong, whether through the repeal of Political Stability and Democracy lowed to be forced to take orders from Bei- the Bill of Rights, or a crackdown on free ex- jing. pression in the press. We should express Nepal has only been a democracy since The appointment of the Provisional Legco these views forcefully but carefully. A com- 1991, but already it has developed a lively po- poses a significant risk of confrontation dur- bination of public statements and private litical culture. Nepalis are engaged in the ing the days surrounding the transition. communications with both Chinese and Hong political process and conduct an active dia- Martin Lee and other legislators from the Kong officials is most likely to be effective. logue with their political leaders. In meet- Democratic Party and its allies have raised At all times, we should highlight China’s ings with leaders of the two largest parties the possibility of refusing to vacate the own commitments to allow Hong Kong to in the parliament, the Nepali Congress Party Legco building on July 1. If they were re- govern itself with a ‘‘high degree of auton- and the United Marxist-Leninist Party, it moved by force, or a conflict erupted, it omy’’ and use that as the standard by which became clear that there is widespread sup- would cast a pall over the entire transition to judge Chinese actions. port for maintaining the multiparty democ- and set an ominous tone for what would fol- Besides our commitment to Hong Kong’s racy that has been established. low. It is imperative that the Democratic autonomy, we must also be vigilant about There is a surprising degree of consensus Party and the authorities in Beijing engage protecting our economic and strategic inter- across the political spectrum about what the in a dialogue now to find areas where they ests in Hong Kong. But vigilant need not nation’s overall priorities and needs are. can agree to work together amid their broad- mean confrontational. Through dialogue and When asked to identify Nepal’s priority eco- er disagreements, and to avoid a confronta- negotiations, we can remind China about our nomic sectors, both parties came back with tion after July 1. need to maintain a fully functioning Con- an identical list—agriculture, hydro-power, Overall Freedoms sulate General in Hong Kong; the importance and tourism. The Communists seem to be The mood in Hong Kong is mixed. Few peo- of being able to base our regional law en- communist in name only—their economic ple that we talked to predicted a disaster forcement operations in Hong Kong; the sig- agenda seems to differ little from that of the after July 1, but among some observers, nificance of allowing continued ship visits; Congress party, calling for somewhat slower there was undeniable anxiety about certain and the importance to U.S. businesses of privatization of state-owned industries and aspects of the transition. Hong Kong continuing to allow business to placing greater emphasis on maintaining the Among members of the Preparatory Com- be conducted on a level playing field, with- social safety net. But the differences are of mittee, like Nellie Fong, there is consider- out corruption and with a free flow of infor- degree, rather than kind. able optimism. She argues that China will mation. If we are firm about these interests Unfortunately, near-consensus on national find it very much in its own interests to without causing a confrontation before it is priorities has not translated into the kind of avoid imposing a harsh new order on Hong necessary, we are likely to be successful in progress one would have hoped for, on ac- Kong. She predicts that after a few fairly protecting them. count of particularly bitter political infight- minor adjustments, Hong Kong will emerge Nepal ing. The Congress party suffers deep divi- from the transition with its autonomy very The issues I discussed with Nepalese offi- sions based largely on personal rivalries, much intact. cials included: the stability of Nepal’s gov- with former leader G.P. Koirala rumored to Others are less sure. Governor Patten de- ernment and its still fledgling democracy; be planning a challenge to Prime Minister scribed the anxiety of many at China’s prospects for Nepal’s economic development Sher Bahadur Deuba. Its struggles with its threatened revisions of the Hong Kong Bill of and role of foreign aid in that development; coalition partners has forced it to expand the Rights; at China’s unwillingness to apply Nepal’s contribution to international prob- government to include over 40 ministers just international covenants on human rights to lems such as peacekeeping, arms control, to remain in power. Hong Kong; and at the statements of Foreign narcotics, terrorism, and refugees; regional The Communists, while more united inter- Minister Qian Qichen that commemorations issues, including Nepal’s relationships with nally, are waiting in the wings for a coali- of the Tiananmen Square tragedy will not be its key neighbors, India and China; and the tion crisis that they can exploit and possibly allowed. At a time when virtually all leading need and prospects for the development of regain power. Former Prime Minister and dissidents in China are in prison, these indi- Nepal’s hydropower industry. party leader Manmohan Adhikary was quite cations have caused considerable nervous- I had the opportunity to meet with vir- open on this point. Last fall, the Communist ness in Hong Kong. tually all the leading figures in Nepal, in- party nearly brought the government down Economic Outlook cluding His Majesty King Birendra Bir by threatening to oppose a key hydro-power Notwithstanding the mixed views about Bikram Shah; Prime Minister Sher Bahadur treaty with India—even though it was nego- Hong Kong’s political future, there is signifi- Deuba; Foreign Minister Prakash Chandra tiated when the Communist party was in cantly more unanimity about its economic Lohani; Members of the Nepali Congress power—before ultimately deciding to support future. With few exceptions, our interlocu- Party, the ruling party in the parliament; it. While all sides often talk about consensus tors expect Hong Kong’s flourishing economy Members of the United Marxist/Leninist, or and cooperation, it is clear that their actions to continue its solid performance after the Communist party, the largest party in the are often dictated by short-term political transition. parliament; Members of the Federation of calculations. As Governor Patten points out, Hong Kong Nepali Chambers of Commerce and Industry; If both groups were to put aside their polit- continues to post solid economic growth fig- and Minister of Water Resources Pashupati ical rivalries and emphasize the large degree ures of 6–8 percent year after year, while un- Rana. of agreement in their positions, they would employment is at 2.5 percent and inflation is I met many additional leading Nepali citi- easily be able to work together on a common under 5 percent. There have been no tidal zens at dinners hosted by U.S. Ambassador agenda for the benefit of Nepal. Unfortu- waves of emigration, and none are expected. Sandy Vogelgesang and our host, Mr. nately, that does not seem likely at the

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00063 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1044 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 present time. Corruption continues to plague Nepal has also handled two difficult ref- will reach 1,640 MW by 2015. But if the over the government as well. Nevertheless, Ne- ugee situations very sensitively—those from 60 feasible sites for hydro-power projects are palis are rightfully proud of the democracy Bhutan and those from Tibet. There are cur- developed, Nepal could produce on the order they have established and, apparently, con- rently 91,000 Bhutanese refugees living in of 44,000 MW, a vast surplus that can be ex- solidated. camps administered by UNHCR in eastern ported to Nepal’s energy-hungry neighbors, Aid and Development Nepal, at a cost of $4.5 million a year. They India and China. Northern India is the Nepal is one of the poorest countries in the first arrived in the early 1990s. After many brightest (and closest) potential market. Al- world. Especially as one travels outside of years of stalemate, the Nepali and Bhutanese ready its energy demand exceeds supply by Kathmandu, the poverty is visually evident governments are hesitantly beginning some 9,000 MW, and that deficit is projected and jarring. In part, the political stalemate talks—possibly with European mediation— to rise to 20,800 MW by 2010. caused by inter- and intra-party rivalries has on possibly resettling some of these refugees The prospect of taking advantage of these stalled economic liberalization efforts that back to their homes in Bhutan. But for a so- conditions was made brighter by the conclu- would begin to alleviate some of the eco- lution to this problem to be reached, India sion of the Mahakali treaty with India last nomic difficulties. But Nepal’s lack of nat- will have to commit to helping facilitate it October. This treaty will allow the private ural resources, poor infrastructure, and high because these refugees would have to transit sales of electric power from Nepal to India. birth rate will all make raising the standard through India, and some may even choose to Essentially, both countries would benefit of living in Nepal extremely difficult. settle there. from this arrangement—Nepal could export Nepal does have the benefit of a well-edu- Approximately 2,000 Tibetan refugees pass its primary product to a vast market in cated and sophisticated private sector, as ex- through Nepal each year as a way station on northern India that is desperately in need of emplified by our discussion with members of the way to Dharmsala, India. Nepal has set increased electric power. Foreign Minister the Federation of Nepali Chambers of Com- up transit centers for these refugees to help Lohani sounded an optimistic note, indi- merce and Industry (FNCCI). They have ac- them make the journey, even though it cating that there could be substantial tively promoted economic reform, working causes sensitivity in China. Nepal prefers to progress in construction of the dams in the closely with the government on the privat- do this quietly, precisely to avoid upsetting next year, in hopes that they could come on ization of public industries and on efforts to the Chinese, and the government does not line fairly soon thereafter. Clearly, Amer- attract foreign investment, particularly in permit anti-Chinese activity on Nepali soil. ican companies should be able to play a lead- high-value products in Nepal’s agricultural A U.S. earmark of $200,000 a year goes to as- ing role in developing this vast resource. sector. In addition, FNCCI has worked hard sist this Tibetan refugee community through Not surprisingly, politics were responsible to advance reform of the administration of the Tibetan Welfare Organization. UNHCR for delays on other hydro-power projects. Nepal’s tax system, which they described as also monitors the well-being of these refu- Prime Minister Deuba indicated that he sup- arbitrary and corrupt. gees, and tries to keep track of any abuses. ported signing a letter of intent with Enron FNCCI has also been deeply involved in Ne- The week we were there, a group of refugees for two hydro-electric projects on the Arun pal’s economic diplomacy. Because of their had been beaten up by some Nepali youths. and Karnali rivers, now that India had indi- expertise, FNCCI members participated in UNHCR and the U.S. Embassy were urging cated it had no objection to this arrange- negotiations with India on trade and transit the Nepali government to ensure that action ment, provided that Indian companies were agreements, and a new air transport agree- was taken against the perpetrators. also included in the consortium. However, ment. FNCCI has also reached out to its Relations with India and China the final decision rests with the Minister of counterparts in China and in other South Water Resources, Pashupati Rana, to whom Asian countries through the SAARC Busi- Foreign Minister Lohani was pleased about the state of Nepali-Indian relations, espe- the Prime Minister felt indebted for sup- ness Council. porting his government in a no-confidence U.S. assistance is making a significant dif- cially since Indian Prime Minister Deve Gowda came to power. He cited recent break- vote last spring. ference in the lives of many Nepalis, al- Various American environmental organiza- throughs in the area of trade, transit and though cuts are beginning to reduce its im- tions have raised objections to some of the border issues, and the generally less pater- pact. In Fiscal Year 1997, the USAID program large hydro-power projects that have been nalistic attitude adopted by the Deve Gowda budget is $26 million. While that number is proposed, both because of the change in the government toward India’s smaller neigh- not expected to drop precipitously in the river’s flow and because of the damage done bors. near future, USAID staff is being reduced, by the construction of a road to facilitate with the current 10 direct hires being re- But probably the most important achieve- ment is the Mahakali Treaty on water re- construction of the dam. But Nepali environ- duced to 5 in 1998. The three main areas of mentalists tend to take a different view. USAID’s program are promotion of high sources. The treaty establishes Nepal’s right to be treated as India’s equal on water re- Their concern is that Nepal’s vast forests are value-added agricultural production; em- being destroyed as most Nepalis rely on powerment of women; and health, popu- source issues. It also established the frame- work of for private sales of electric power wood as their main source of energy. For lation, and family planning programs. Fam- them, this is the real environmental dis- ily planning programs are particularly im- from Nepal to India at competitive prices. With Nepal’s major market being India, this aster, and the successful development of portant because the standard of living in hydro-power, which could supply most re- families that have spaced their pregnancies framework agreement was absolutely essen- tial for any large-scale private investments gions of the country with electricity, would is significantly higher than those who have help preserve the forests. For Nepali environ- not. in electric power generation. Despite Nepal’s continued assistance to Ti- mentalists, the focus is on seeing the hydro- Nepal’s International Role betan refugees, Foreign Minister Lohani was power projects done right, so as not to Nepal has emerged as responsible inter- pleased to report that his recent visit to squander this vast resource, while miti- national citizen, making important con- China had gone very well, and relations with gating the environmental impact of the tributions to a number of transnational China are as good as they have been in re- dams as much as possible. problems. Despite pressure from its neigh- cent memory. He cited the strong positions f bor, India, Nepal stood by its support of arms the Chinese had expressed on Taiwan and UNANIMOUS-CONSENT AGREE- control agreements generally when it sup- Tibet. Nepal is faced with a constant bal- ported the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty ancing act, situated as it is between two MENT—NOMINATION OF RODNEY at the United Nations in September. Nepal large and powerful neighbors who can exert SLATER has also been very cooperative with U.S. strong pressures on Nepal if and when they Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, as anti-narcotics efforts. As a transit point for choose. But by adopting essentially a ‘‘good heroin from the Golden Triangle and Afghan- in executive session, I ask unanimous neighbor’’ policy, Nepal is able to keep ten- consent that the majority leader, after istan, Nepal has worked with a DEA attache sions in these two relationships to a min- in New Delhi to set up a drug enforcement imum. consultation with the Democratic lead- unit in the local police force. Trained by U.S. er, may proceed to executive session to Hydro-Power and British specialists, this unit has im- consider the nomination of Rodney proved Nepal’s customs procedures and has There is widespread agreement in Nepal that hydro-power is the nation’s number one Slater to be Secretary of Transpor- increased the number of drug seizures at the tation. Further, I ask unanimous con- Kathmandu airport. natural resource. With great volumes of Nepal has been an enthusiastic participant water (225 billion cubic meters annually na- sent that it be considered under the in international peacekeeping missions, tionwide) flowing down steep slopes in four following limitations: that there be 30 sending its troops to Haiti and Africa, among major river basins (Mahakali, Karnali, minutes for debate on the nomination, other destinations. U.S. diplomats also re- Gandaki, and Koshi), if the full potential of equally divided between the chairman port that Nepal has been extremely coopera- Nepal’s hydro-power can be harnessed, it and ranking member of the Commerce tive in counterterrorism efforts. They at- could have a dramatic impact on the na- Committee, and immediately following tribute much of Nepal’s cooperative attitude tion’s economy. The numbers are staggering: on these international problems to the con- hydro-power projects in Nepal today gen- the expiration or yielding back of time solidation of Nepali democracy. Another erate 250 megawatts, while demand is under the Senate proceed to vote on the con- manifestation is that Nepal enjoys the best 300 megawatts. As Nepal develops, its de- firmation of the nomination. I finally human rights record in South Asia. mand will rise; projections are that demand ask unanimous consent that following

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00064 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1045 that vote, the President be imme- fore the Senate, I now ask unanimous military personnel in our State to vote diately notified of the Senate’s action, consent the Senate stand in adjourn- because he, like I, appreciates the fact and the Senate then return to legisla- ment under the previous order fol- that these people who have been at a tive session. lowing the remarks of Senator base in Texas have chosen to call Texas The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without DASCHLE. home, and he wants to make sure that objection, it is so ordered. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without they can vote in the very easiest way. f objection, it is so ordered. Perhaps, in fact, we might learn from DISCHARGE AND REFERRAL OF Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I some of the things that he is doing. He MEASURE—S. 203 understand the Senator is on his way. I wants to be able to let them have ac- suggest the absence of a quorum. Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without cess to Internet voting. He wants to ask unanimous consent that the Envi- objection, it is so ordered. give them some extra leeway in time to ronment and Public Works Committee The legislative clerk proceeded to vote so that their ballots will have be discharged from further consider- call the roll. time to get to the State of their resi- ation of S. 203, and that the bill then be Mrs. HUTCHISON. Madam President, dence from a place like Bosnia, or per- referred to the Government Affairs I ask unanimous consent that the order haps in Saudi Arabia, or anywhere else Committee. for the quorum call be rescinded. in the world where they might be de- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ployed. objection, it is so ordered. objection, it is so ordered. I think that it is very important that f The Senator from Texas [Mrs. the sense of the Senate be known here. ORDERS FOR THURSDAY, HUTCHISON] is recognized. In fact, 58 Members of the Senate FEBRUARY 6, 1997 f signed a letter to the Attorney Gen- Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I MILITARY VOTING RIGHTS ACT OF eral, Janet Reno, asking her to inter- ask unanimous consent that when the 1997 vene in this case to make sure that our Senate completes its business today it Mrs. HUTCHISON. Madam President, military rights are being protected. All stand in adjournment until the hour of today I introduced legislation, along of us who signed that letter are very 11 a.m., Thursday, February 6. I further with Senator PHIL GRAMM, called the concerned about the ramifications of ask unanimous consent that imme- Military Voting Rights Act of 1997. The this bill. We are concerned that if these diately following the prayer, the rou- bill that was introduced today makes people are able to prevail in this case, tine requests through the morning absolutely clear in the law what is al- to say that the military does not have hour be granted and the Senate then ready law, because there is nothing the right to have full citizenship in a proceed to a period of morning business against it in the law, and that is that State to be able to vote in a State or until the hour of 12 noon with Senators our military personnel have the right to speak for up to 5 minutes each, ex- local election, that perhaps other to vote at their home base in Federal, rights might be challenged. If a person cept for the following: Senator ROTH, 15 State, and local elections. minutes; Senator STEVENS, 10 minutes; can’t have the full rights of the State The law does not say anything in which he or she resides and calls Senator DORGAN, 15 minutes; Senator against that, but because it does not, home base, then what other laws might HUTCHISON, 10 minutes. there has been a challenge in my home not apply? Marriage laws? Could you The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without State of Texas to 800 military votes not get a divorce if you were in the objection, it is so ordered. that were, of course, in State and local Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I military and you don’t have the right elections, which are allowed by Texas further ask unanimous consent that at law. to belong in a State? How far are you 12 noon on Thursday the Senate resume It is very clear that a person who going to take this? consideration of Senate Joint Resolu- serves in our military should have the The fact is there is no question on tion 1, the constitutional amendment right to vote and the right to citizen- the merits that the people who are requiring a balanced budget. ship in the State and the localities choosing to serve our country and The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without that he or she chooses to have as their objection, it is so ordered. whose job, by its nature, requires that Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, I home base. Yet, that right is being they move every 2 years, or even more further ask unanimous consent that challenged. Some 800 military absentee frequently, that they should be able to the Senate stand in recess from 3 p.m. ballots, 150 of which were from over- join the home State of their choosing. to 4 p.m. on Thursday. seas, were challenged saying that these Frankly, I am proud when the military The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without people who are serving our country and personnel who serve on Texas bases objection, it is so ordered. who are putting their lives on the line love our State enough to want to call f to protect our right to vote neverthe- it home, and we want them to return PROGRAM less should not have the full voting because we know that the people who rights. In fact, the plaintiff sent ques- Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, lay their lives on the line to make sure tionnaires that were in the form of that the United States is free are the for the information of all Senators, fol- depositions to all of these 800 people lowing morning business tomorrow the kind of citizens we want in our State. who voted, and one woman in Bosnia We want them to know they are wel- Senate will resume consideration of got a questionnaire to be filled out to the balanced budget constitutional come. We want them to know they are determine if she has the right to vote welcome anywhere else they choose to amendment. The leader wishes to re- in the State and local elections. We are mind Senators that amendments will call home because we appreciate what trying to put a stop to that. We are they do for our country. be in order to Senate Joint Resolution trying to say very clearly in the Mili- 1 during Thursday’s session. Therefore, tary Voting Rights Act of 1997 that no So I am pleased to be a cosponsor of rollcall votes are expected. person will ever be able to be chal- this bill. I know that we will have a Also the majority leader understands lenged for their full citizenship rights number of cosponsors, and I think we that the nomination of Rodney Slater because they have chosen to serve our will pass this bill quite easily, because, to be Secretary of Transportation was country, which job, by its very nature, as I said, 58 Members are incensed reported today, and another nomina- requires moving around the country enough to ask the Attorney General to tion is possible for tomorrow. There- and outside of the country wherever intervene. In fact, I hope the Attorney fore, a vote or votes could occur with they are required to go to fulfill the General will do her duty to represent respect to nominations during Thurs- job. the Federal employees that are needing day’s session of the Senate. I want to commend our State rep- help right now so that their rights will f resentative in Texas, Jerry Madden, be protected—not only the 800 who are ORDER FOR ADJOURNMENT who is just as incensed as all of us are, being challenged, but all of those that Mr. DOMENICI. Madam President, if for taking the initiative. He is working might be affected if this case is allowed there is no further business to come be- on a bill now to make it easier for the to prevail.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00065 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 0634 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY S1046 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 5, 1997 We cannot sit back and let one of our offered but gave back so much more in world whose lives were touched by a military personnel be robbed of their return. very special woman. I am confident right of citizenship, especially as they Pamela Harriman’s legacy will be re- that the examples she so graciously es- are the ones who are standing there to membered both in this Capitol Build- tablished will live on with us and fu- make sure that every American who is ing and in capitals across the world. As ture generations of public servants. registered to vote has that right to do a private citizen in the 1970’s and 1980’s, For that we should be joyful. it free and clear. Pamela Harriman plunged into the Thank you, Ambassador Pamela Har- I stood here on the first day of our rough-and-tumble of American politics. riman. The early 1980’s were a difficult time session and talked about the wonderful I yield the floor. people of Serbia who were standing in for the people in my party. An incum- the streets for days on end so that bent Democratic President had lost the f their vote would be counted. And be- White House and Democrats had lost cause those people peacefully dem- control of the Senate. But Pamela Har- onstrated, they eventually prevailed. riman helped breathe life into an ailing ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 11 A.M. Those elections that were held, for Democratic Party when she formed TOMORROW which their vote had not been counted, ‘‘Democrats for the ‘80s,’’ helping to The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under have been declared effective, and the bring my party’s communications oper- the previous order, the Senate stands local elections are being declared vic- ations into the modern age when she adjourned until 11 a.m. Thursday, Feb- torious for those who stood in the gave crucial support for the Harriman ruary 6, 1997. Center at the Democratic National streets for their right to make their Thereupon, the Senate, at 7:13 p.m., vote counted. How could we as a coun- Committee Building. She also was a host to numerous adjourned until Thursday, February 6, try, who stood with those wonderful 1997, at 11 a.m. people silently protesting so that their functions at her elegant Georgetown vote would be counted, as the greatest home, asking nothing but a passionate f nation on Earth, the democracy that is commitment to public service and the beacon for the world, say that our Democratic values from those she as- military personnel are going to be sec- sisted. NOMINATIONS ond class citizens because, yes, they As most of our colleagues know, poli- Executive nominations received by can vote in Federal elections but, no, tics in Washington can be a contact the Senate February 5, 1997: they can’t have the full rights in the sport. Pamela Harriman played the State they choose to call home? game well. She played with great dig- STATE JUSTICE INSTITUTE This is a major Federal issue. I hope nity, elegance, and style. She did not SOPHIA H. HALL, OF ILLINOIS, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE STATE JUSTICE IN- that it is one that we can dispatch very become involved in politics for per- STITUTE FOR A TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 17, 2000. (RE- promptly and say clearly in the law sonal enrichment or to gain social posi- APPOINTMENT) there is no question, and there isn’t a tion; she already had both. She chose DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE question because there is no law to share the fruits of her hard work and LYLE WEIR SWENSON, OF SOUTH DAKOTA, TO BE against this anyway but we want to set good fortune with a generation of UNITED STATES MARSHAL FOR THE DISTRICT OF SOUTH DAKOTA FOR THE TERM OF 4 YEARS VICE ROBERT DALE it in the positive. Our military per- Americans who were eager to serve ECOFFEY, RESIGNED. sonnel will have the full right to vote their country in Washington. Hers will be a lasting legacy for all NATIONAL FOUNDATION ON THE ARTS AND THE in the State in which they choose to HUMANITIES call home when they are based there, Americans who believe in the nobility MARSHA MASON, OF NEW MEXICO, TO BE A MEMBER OF and forevermore. And I hope they will of public service and think that poli- THE NATIONAL COUNCIL ON THE ARTS FOR A TERM EX- choose to call Texas home, and I hope tics today does not have to be mean, PIRING SEPTEMBER 3, 2002, VICE LOUISE M. MCCLURE, TERM EXPIRED. they will return to Texas because those petty, or destructive. are just the kinds of citizens that we Late in her life, Pamela Harriman FEDERAL MINE SAFETY AND HEALTH REVIEW want. brought her tremendous skills and abil- COMMISSION So I appreciate very much that we ity to the world stage when President THEODORE FRANCIS VERHEGGEN, OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA, TO BE A MEMBER OF THE FEDERAL SAFETY have this bill, that we have so many Clinton asked her to be Ambassador to AND HEALTH REVIEW COMMISSION FOR A TERM EXPIR- sponsors for it, and that we have so France. Some critics suggested she did ING AUGUST 30, 2002, VICE ARLENE HOLEN, TERM EXPIRE. many that are interested in this issue. not have the experience to handle such IN THE COAST GUARD We will not let this issue die. We will a sensitive post. She proved them THE FOLLOWING INDIVIDUAL FOR APPOINTMENT AS A protect the rights of our military, and wrong. She began her assignment in PERMANENT REGULAR COMMISSIONED OFFICER IN THE Paris in 1993 with the respect of Presi- U.S. COAST GUARD IN THE GRADE OF LIEUTENANT: we will make sure that they know how BRENDA K. WOLTER much they are appreciated. dent Clinton and those who knew her THE FOLLOWING CADETS OF THE U.S. COAST GUARD Thank you. I yield the floor. well in the United States. She quickly ACADEMY FOR PROMOTION TO THE GRADE OF ENSIGN: I suggest the absence of a quorum. earned the respect of the people of KELLEY ELIZABETH ABOOD John Richard Dittmar The PRESIDING OFFICER. The France and other European countries. Frances Ann Tirad Tiffany Pamela Drumm Bacayo Jerome Edward Dubay clerk will call the roll. Her keen understanding of Wash- Zachary Justin Bagdon Damon Christian Edwards The bill clerk proceeded to call the ington ways and the experiences of her Hilary Ann Baine Jeffrey Eldridge early life in Europe allowed her to Matthew Patrick Barker Rahshaan Engrum roll. Ian Adam Bastek Theodore Joseph Erdman Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, I ask skillfully navigate disputes over trade, Michael William Batchelder Joann Feigofsky unanimous consent that the order for CIA activities, Bosnia, the Middle East, Joshua David Bauman Sarah Kathleen Felger Jennifer Lydia Becher Christine Fern the quorum call be rescinded. and NATO. Her diplomatic acumen pro- Sean Cornell Bennett Kevin Bertram Ferrie The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. tected America’s interests without Tracy Oesterheld Berg Elaine Liza Marie Fitzgerald Heather Lin Bloomquist Taina Haydee Fonseca Kenneth Jeffrey Boda HAGEL). Without objection, it is so or- alienating powerful and important al- Nicolas Todd Forst Scott Gerald Borgerson John Peter Fox dered. lies all through the world. David Leonard Bradley IV Michael Edwin Frawley Jacqueline Marie Brunette f The French Government’s unique Glen James Galman Craig Donald Burch John Withner Garr recognition of her contributions was Mechelle Elizabeth Burdick THE LIFE OF PAMELA HARRIMAN Morgan B. Geiger all the more evident when they made Jeffrey Christopher Bustria David Lee Gibson Mr. DASCHLE. Mr. President, it is Belinda I. Cachuela her a commander of the Legion of Hon- Michael Joseph Capelli Michael J. Goldschmidt with sadness that I note the passing of or’s Order of Arts and Letters, their Willie Lee Carmichael David Vincent Gomez a unique public servant, our Ambas- Scott Stephen Casad Michael David Good country’s highest cultural award. No William Bartley Cassels Hans Christian Govertsen sador to France, Pamela Harriman. doubt she will be missed in France and Robert Carlton Compher Matthew Aaron Green Perhaps President Clinton said it best Chad William Cooper Timothy Aaron Greten across Europe almost as much as she Derek Lane Cromwell Charles Michael Guerrero this morning: Pamela Harriman rep- will be missed in America, her adopted Cornelius Edward Cummings Tim A. Gunter resented the best of America’s immi- James Dart Robert Edward Hart home. Michael S. Degon Erin Marlene Healey grant tradition. She was someone who So this is a sad day for me and many Steven Andrew Deveau Wayne Michael Helge enjoyed the opportunities this country others in this country and across the John Thomas Dewey Jonathan Nils Hellberg

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00066 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 9801 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S1047 SCOTT CHARLES HERMAN JASON WILLIAM OLGUIN To be colonel ROYCE K. SOLANO, 0000 SHANNON MARIE HEYE TIFFANY RENAE OLSON JAMES L. SPINELLI, 0000 WESLEY KARL HOUT REBECCA ELLEN ORE ROBERT T. ANDERSON, 0000 LUKE M. STAPLETON, 0000 JOEL ALEXANDER TIMOTHY ALEXANDER ROBERT A. ARCIERO, 0000 HENRY P. STIKES, 0000 HUGGINS PASEK JOHN V. BARSON, 0000 *CURTIS D. STOLDT, 0000 CHRISTOPHER JAMES TANA MARIE PAYNE DAVID L. BATY, 0000 JOHN P. STORZ, 0000 HULSER SCOTT WILLIAM PEABODY JOHN M. BAUMAN, 0000 DANIEL M. THEBERGE, 0000 DAVID FREDERICK HUNTER LUKE ANDREW PERCIAK GREGORY N. BENDER, 0000 ANTHONY R. TRUXAL, 0000 THEA IACOMINO ARTURO SALDANA PEREZ WILLIAM S. BESSER, 0000 AMY M. TSUCHIDA, 0000 SAMUEL JOHNSON II RICHARD GRAHAM HERMAN M. BLANTON, 0000 WILLIAM P. TYHAN, 0000 DANIEL CHRISTOPHER PERKINS LARRY D. BLOOM, 0000 DALE S. VINCENT, 0000 MICHAEL P. BRAZAITIS, 0000 JONES JUSTIN DAVID PETERS JUDY M. VINCENT, 0000 LAWRENCE P. BURGESS, 0000 JAMES JARROD JONES HARPER LEE PHILLIPS CHARLES R. WEBER, 0000 RONALD C. BUTLER, 0000 ERIC JAMES KAMPERT SCOTT SATOSHI PHY *VICTOR W. WEEDN, 0000 *DEAN E. CALCAGNI, 0000 KERRY GEORGIA KARWAN FRANK ALLEN PIERCE *INDIRA WESLEY, 0000 WILLIAM E. CALDWELL, 0000 SEAN R. KATZ CHRISTOPHER MICHAEL WARREN L. WHITLOCK, 0000 MICHAEL ANDREW KEANE ROBERT S. CARTER, JR., 0000 PAUL E. WHITTAKER, 0000 PISARES RUSSEL K. CATTERLIN, JR., 0000 PETER JOSEPH KEEL KRYSIA VICTORIA POHL HERBERT L. WILLIAMS II, 0000 JARED ETHAN KING BENJAMIN CHACKO, 0000 WILLIAM R. WILSON, 0000 STEVEN EDWARD CHRISTOPHER P. CHENEY, 0000 BRADLEY JAMES KLIMEK RAMASSINI *WILLIAM G. WORTHAM, 0000 MICHAEL STEPHEN DARRELL W. CHILDERS, 0000 ROBERT J. WYGONSKI, 0000 JOSHUA TAYLOR RAMEY JOHN H. CHILES, 0000 KRAUSE JAIME STALIN RAMOS DAMIAN JOSEPH KUCZMA MARK S. CLOTH, 0000 IN THE NAVY TRAVIS JEREMY CHARLES FREDERICK RICHARD L. COHEN, 0000 RASMUSSEN THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS, FOR TEMPORARY KUEBLER CASS W. CONAWAY, 0000 GREGORY CHARLES RAU APPOINTMENT TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE U.S. TALISHA LAWRENCE RICHARD M. CONRAN, 0000 RODRIGO GUNTHER ROJAS MARK A. CROWE, 0000 NAVY UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION CHRISTIAN ANTHONY LEE DUSTIN MAIN ROMEY BRUCE W. CUSHMAN, 0000 5721: BRIAN JOSEPH LEFEBVRE MATTHEW A. RUDICK JON C. DAILEY, 0000 DAVID WESLEY LEONE To be lieutenant commander DAVID JAMES SCHELL HARRY Q. DAVIS III, 0000 JOHN B. LINDAHL CLINT BRIAN SCHLEGEL LARY W. DEEDS, 0000 LEXIA MONIQUE CAL D. ASTRIN, 0000 DIANA LANE SHARP ROBERT F. DEFRAITES, 0000 LITTLEJOHN GEORGE M. BAIN, 0000 DAVID MATTHEW SHERRY GREGORY J. DENNIS, 0000 ORLANDO CARLOS LOVELL MARK B. BENJAMIN, 0000 ANNA WON-MIN SLAVEN MONTE S. DIRKS, 0000 KEVIN PAUL LYNN ROBERT P. BENJAMIN, 0000 JOEY C. DOBBINS, 0000 IAN MITCHELL AMY LEIGH SLOAN BOBBY C. BOLT, 0000 SHAD SAMMUAL SOLDANO CECIL R. DORSETT, JR., 0000 CHRIS J. BUSHNELL, 0000 MAC GREGOR JAMES F. DUNN, JR., 0000 KEVIN CHRISTOPHER GABRIEL W. SOLOMON DANIEL G. CHRISTOFFERSON, 0000 JAMES WILLIAM SPITLER ALAN W. EDMUNDSON, 0000 BRYAN L. CLARK, 0000 MAHONEY WALTER E. EGERTON III, 0000 BRIAN WADE MAIER JOHN MICHAEL STONE PATRICK R. DECK, 0000 RAYMOND L. SWETLAND RICHARD L. EMERT, 0000 JOSEPH A. DELEON, 0000 EDZEL DELA CRUZ TED D. EPPERLY, 0000 MANGAHAS ROMUALDUS MATTHIAS JAMES F. DOODY, 0000 TEN-BERGE, JR. KEITH H. FOSTER, 0000 JAMES J. DUKE, 0000 ERIC D. MARTENSON MARTIN W. FRITZ, 0000 JENNIFER JOY MARTIN BRUCE A. THIBAULT DAVID C. FOSTER, 0000 CRAIG STUART TOOMEY DONALD A. GAGLIANO, 0000 KENNETH L. FRACK, 0000 ERIC DAVID MASSON LAWRENCE K. GREEN, 0000 JOHN FRANCIS MC CARTHY CHRISTOPHER ANDREW WILLIAM D. FRENCH, 0000 TRIBOLET FRANCIS M. GRESS, 0000 PIERRE A. FULLER, 0000 CHRISTOPHER ALLEN *GLENN C. GRIFFITHS, 0000 MC MUNN CLINTON ALBERT WILLIAM E. GOSSETT, 0000 TROCCHIO ROLAND B. GUSTAFSON, 0000 MICHAEL S. HARRINGTON, 0000 CAMILLA BETH MESSING RICHARD J. HAGNER, 0000 ANDREW DAVID MEVERDEN MICHAEL ANTHONY TURDO DAVID A. HONABACH, 0000 BRYAN JAMES ULLMER ALAN W. HALLIDAY, 0000 HARRY L. GANTEAUME, 0000 TIMOTHY GEORGE MEYERS STEPHEN M. HANNON, 0000 CHRIS MARK UPHAM LANE D. HOWARD, 0000 FAY JUYOUN MILLER THOMAS G. HARDAWAY II, 0000 JAMES ALLEN VALENTINE DANIEL P. HOWE, 0000 PETER JAMES MITCHELL DENNIS L. HAYDEN, 0000 EVA JAYOUNG VAN CAMP ROBERT E. HUDSON, 0000 PETER MICHAEL HOWARD S. HEIMAN, 0000 NATHAN JOHN VEIRS JAMES F. HUGHES, 0000 MOREHOUSE CHARLES S. HORN, 0000 GREG EDWARD VERSAW RHETT R. JAEHN, 0000 COREY RICHARD MORRISON THOMAS G. HORNING, 0000 CARLITO RODRIQUEZ PAUL J. JARRETT, 0000 ANNE MARIE MORRISSEY RODERICK F. HUME, JR., 0000 VICENCIO VERNON P. KEMPER, 0000 JUSTIN THOMAS MOYER PIERCE B. IRBY III, 0000 KEVIN DAVID WALLACE JOEL D. KENNEDY, 0000 KENNETH TYSON NAGIE, DUANE J. JEFFERS, 0000 STEPHEN MATTHEW WARD KENT F. KESTER, 0000 JR. BHUSHAN S. JOSHI, 0000 TYSON SCOTT WEINERT CHRISTOPHER J. KOCZUR, 0000 KENNETH ERIC NELSON KEVIN N. KEENAN, 0000 TAMARA NICHOLE WILCOX MARK W. LACY, 0000 ALLISON GENEVIEVE PATRICK W. KELLEY, 0000 NEMEC NATHANIEL REMINGTON DAVID T. LEMLY, 0000 KELLY R. KOFFORD, 0000 RANDALL L. LOVELL, 0000 PIERINA MARIE NOCETI WILLIAMS MAURICE KRASHIN, 0000 FRANCIS J. O’CONNELL NICHOLAS LAURENCE ALAN M. LYTLE, 0000 CARL M. KRUGER, 0000 MICHAEL P. MAZZONE, 0000 DAVID JOSEPH OBERMEIER WONG THOMAS J. LEAS, 0000 SEAN JAMES O’BRIEN ANDREW JAMES WRIGHT DAVID S. MCBEE, 0000 HOMER J. LEMAR, JR., 0000 DENNIS J. MCKELVEY, 0000 IN THE AIR FORCE ALAN E. LENTZ, 0000 RODNEY A. MILLS, 0000 *LESTER F. LIBOW, 0000 JAMES M. L. MORGAN, 0000 THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT PATRICIA LILLISHEARNE, 0000 GREGORY B. NOE, 0000 IN THE U.S. AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER EDWARD J. LISECKI, 0000 GEORGE P. NORMAN, 0000 TITLE 10, U.S.C., SECTION 624: *MILAGROS LOPEZ, 0000 ROBERT E. NOVOTNY, 0000 To be major general ALBERTO LUGO, 0000 STEPHEN E. PALMER, 0000 DAVID L. MANESS, 0000 VERNON J. PARKS, JR., 0000 BRIG. GEN. STEVEN R. POLK, 0000. ALICE M. MASCETTE, 0000 BENJAMIN J. PEARSON, 0000 *MARIA A. MAYORGA, 0000 WILLIAM S. PENDERGRASS, 0000 THE FOLLOWING AIR NATIONAL GUARD OF THE UNITED HAROLD A. MC ADOO, 0000 STATES OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE RESERVE THOMAS M. PERRON, 0000 MARY A. MC AFEE, 0000 JAMES T. PIERCE, 0000 OF THE AIR FORCE TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER JOHN T. MC CANN, 0000 TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTION 12203: RICKS W. POLK, 0000 JUDITH MC COLLUM, 0000 DAVID A. ROBERTS, 0000 To be brigadier general PETER R. MC NALLY, 0000 THOMAS P. SHAW, 0000 EDWARD E. MITCHELL, 0000 MATTHEW T. SMURR, 0000 COL. THOMAS P. WITTMAN, 0000. HASMUKH A. MITHANI, 0000 DAVID R. SNOW, 0000 IN THE MARINE CORPS DONALD A. MOORE, 0000 PAUL D. SPEAKER, 0000 MALCOLM B. MUNK, 0000 ORLANDO A. SUAREZ, 0000 THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT *JANET A. NEUTZE, 0000 CHARLES R. WEBB, 0000 IN THE RESERVE OF THE UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS *JAMES M. NOEL, JR., 0000 ROBERT WEBBER, JR., 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED MICHAEL V. NOVIA, 0000 STEVEN D. WEBER, 0000 STATES CODE, SECTION 12203: MARY A. OHARA, 0000 ARTHUR D. WHITTAKER, JR., 0000 DEBORAH J. OMORI, 0000 To be brigadier general DANIEL P. OTCHY, 0000 COL. JACK A. DAVIS, 0000. CRAIG E. PEARCE, 0000 f COL. FRANCIS E. QUINLAN, 0000. *JERRY L. PLUSS, 0000 *MARK E. POTTER, 0000 IN THE AIR FORCE *SWARNALATHA PRASANNA, 0000 JOHN C. QUERNA, 0000 WITHDRAWAL THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICER FOR APPOINTMENT DEBORAH B. RAYBUCK, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR KENNETH M. RICHARDS, 0000 Executive message transmitted by FORCE UNDER TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SEC- PHILIP L. ROGERS, 0000 TIONS 624 AND 628: the President to the Senate on Feb- MARK ROGOW, 0000 To be lieutenant colonel STEVEN E. SCHELLER, 0000 ruary 5, 1997, withdrawing from further JIMMIE C. SCHMIDT, 0000 Senate consideration the following JAMES J. WALTER, 0000. DAVID L. SCHNECK, 0000 nomination: IN THE ARMY STEVEN R. SEVEDGE, 0000 GEORGE D. SHANKS, 0000 STATE JUSTICE INSTITUTE THE FOLLOWING-NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT *JOSEPH I. SMITH, 0000 TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE U.S. ARMY AND FOR *MILTON T. SMITH, 0000 SOPHIA H. HALL, OF ILLINOIS, TO BE A MEMBER OF REGULAR APPOINTMENT IN THE MEDICAL CORPS OR WILEY A. SMITH, 0000 THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE STATE JUSTICE IN- DENTAL CORPS (IDENTIFIED BY AN ASTERISK(*)) UNDER SAMUEL W. SNELSON, 0000 STITUTE FOR A TERM EXPIRING SEPTEMBER 17, 2002, (RE- TITLE 10, UNITED STATES CODE, SECTIONS 624, 531 AND FREDERICK SOBEL, 0000 APPOINTMENT), WHICH WAS SENT TO THE SENATE ON 3283: VIMAL K. SODHI, 0000 JANUARY 9, 1997.

VerDate Mar 15 2010 21:55 Oct 24, 2013 Jkt 081600 PO 00000 Frm 00067 Fmt 0624 Sfmt 9801 E:\1997SENATE\S05FE7.REC S05FE7 mmaher on DSK5TPTVN1PROD with SOCIALSECURITY February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E159 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS

THE WOMEN’S HEALTH AND with any type of cancer have access to a sec- The City Club has held fundraisers for other CANCER RIGHTS ACT OF 1997 ond opinion, including one that may be outside nonprofit organizations, including Habitat for of their health plan network. It is vital that an Humanity, the National Conference of Chris- HON. SUSAN MOLINARI individual facing a potentially life-threatening tians and Jews, the San Diego Public Library, OF NEW YORK disease, such as cancer, have the opportunity the United Negro College Fund, and the Na- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES to consult a second physician and not the anx- tional Jewish Hospital. These efforts are nota- iety of whether or not it will be covered by ble, for it is highly unusual for one nonprofit Wednesday, February 5, 1997 their insurance. organization to undertake fundraising for other Ms. MOLINARI. Mr. Speaker, I would like Unfortunately, almost all of us have had a similar groups. today to introduce the Women's Health and family member or known someone who has A lighter side of the City Club includes holi- Cancer Rights Act of 1997. This unprece- been hit by breast cancerÐand frankly all day parties, whale watching trips, theater eve- dented legislation is not only critical for breast women live with that fear. This bill is attempt- nings, a trip to the Nation's Capital, and Aspen cancer patients, but also for all cancer pa- ing to provide some sense of security that ski tripsÐfeaturing programs with outstanding tients. hospitals and medical providers are able to do speakers as well as time on the slopes. Last year in the U.S., 182,000 women were the right thing. We will be able to claim suc- George Mitrovich, the president of the City diagnosed with breast cancer and 85,000 cess if we can minimize the pain, confusion, Club and prime mover behind its success, has breast cancer patients received a mastectomy and trauma following a breast cancer diag- stated: ``The ability of any democracy to sur- as part of their treatmentÐ7,500 of which nosisÐand the Women's Health and Cancer vive, even in the United States, depends in no were performed in New York State. A similar Rights Act aims to do just that. small degree upon the wisdom of its peopleÐ survey found that 43 percent of the respond- f a wisdom that public forums help instill.'' ents had been denied coverage of followup re- This is the mission of the City Club: to constructive symmetry procedures and nearly THE CITY CLUB OF SAN DIEGO: present an arena where the best ideas might 20 percent had been denied insurance cov- TWO REMARKABLE DECADES prevail. On the joyous occasion of its 20th an- erage for revisions of an initial breast recon- niversary, I am honored to publicly recognize structive surgery. These numbers are far too HON. BOB FILNER and honor the accomplishments of the City high and this denial of coverage must end. OF CALIFORNIA Club of San Diego. Currently, many insurance companies are IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES f the sole decision makers in how long a breast Wednesday, February 5, 1997 ‘‘ENNIS COSBY KNEW WORTH OF A cancer patient should stay in the hospital, HELPING HAND’’—A COLUMN BY without taking into account her individual Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in ROBERT SCHEER needs or circumstance. In addition, these recognition of the 20th anniversary of the City companies are frequently reluctant to pay for Club of San Diego. the initial breast reconstruction, as well as fol- Over the past 20 years, the City Club has HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH lowup procedures because they deem recon- become an integral part of San DiegoÐprovid- OF OHIO struction cosmetic. Ironically, insurance com- ing a public forum for nearly 500 programs IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES panies do not deny reconstructive surgery for presented in the highest public interest. These Wednesday, February 5, 1997 an ear that is lost due to cancer. Insurance accomplishments have earned it the distinction Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, research stud- companies are simply not being sensitive to as one of America's great public forums. ies indicate that learning disabilities affect the needs of breast cancer patients, and this The President and Vice President of the about 15 percent of the American population. bill seeks to ensure a breast cancer patient's United States have appeared before the City One of the most common learning differences access to an appropriate hospital stay as well Club. On six occasions, the Governor of Cali- is dyslexia, which makes it difficult for persons as reconstructive surgery. fornia has spoken. The list of speakers pre- to read and understand the written word. Our There are few procedures which are of such sented represents a remarkable variety of indi- Nation recently suffered the tragic loss of a sensitive nature as mastectomies. Under the viduals and opinions, from Jerry Falwell to Ennis Cosby, a young man with dyslexia who Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act, the Gloria Steinem, from Maureen Reagan to Tom was committed to using his influence and edu- patient in consultation with her physician, de- Hayden, from Tom Wolfe to Anthony Lewis. cation to start a school for children with termines when it is medically appropriate to be Local, State, and national elected officials, dyslexia. Robert Scheer, renowned author and discharged following a mastectomy. Rather journalists, ambassadors, judges, authors, contributing editor for the Los Angeles Times, than leaving the decision to insurance compa- bank officers, media broadcasters, professors, has written a sensitive essay about how nies or even to Congress, this crucial decision business and sports figures, and others have dyslexia affects even the most successful per- is made by those personally involved. So if a presented their ideas in the forum of the City sons in our society. I commend this column to woman is prepared mentally and physically to Club. The speakers represent rich and varied my colleagues. be discharged soon after the procedure, she professions, philosophies, and political views. ENNIS COSBY KNEW WORTH OF A HELPING may do so with her doctor's permission. This Senator JOE BIDEN returns for his 7th appear- HAND is also true in the case when a woman is not ance as the featured guest of the 20th anni- quite ready after several days. Patients should versary celebration on February 8, 1997. (By Robert Scheer) never be denied the opportunity to be covered In addition to the forums, the City Club has Properly credentialed and steady at my offered other special events: a national con- post in the press section at the president’s by insurance in this frightening situation. inauguration, within shouting distance of The Women's Health and Cancer Rights Act ference on immigration; another on press, the man himself, a witness to history sur- also ensures access to all stages of recon- libel, and American freedom; and a third on rounded by the most successful of my peers, structive surgery. Surgeons across the country the state of our language. One of the City I am, as so often before on such occasions, have confirmed that the problems with reim- Club's most ambitious undertakings was a filled with fear. This time it makes me think bursement have grown worse in recent years four-part series on leadership in San Diego, of Ennis William Cosby. as insurance companies become more cost- focusing on government, justice, finance, and Fear, not of the violence that took his life conscious. Women have been denied cov- the media. but rather the more mundane persistent and personal terror shared by all dyslexics over erage for reconstructive surgery even in City Club events have been covered on C± having to perform in conventional ways States where coverage for breast reconstruc- SPAN, the local PBS radio station, and cable when your brain does not track quite that tion was mandatory. television systems. A debate between Repub- way. In my case today, it’s the pressure to Finally, the Women's Health and Cancer lican candidates for the U.S. Senate was car- file properly spelled, cogently organized, Rights Act ensures that individuals diagnosed ried statewide on cable TV. grammatically correct copy, on deadline.

∑ This ‘‘bullet’’ symbol identifies statements or insertions which are not spoken by a Member of the Senate on the floor. Matter set in this typeface indicates words inserted or appended, rather than spoken, by a Member of the House on the floor. E160 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 Small potatoes to some, a horror to others. tween pain and performance. Bob Dole, who FLORIDA’S HEALTHY KIDS PRO- I’m not complaining, mind you. I made my pushed through the Americans With Disabil- GRAM: A MODEL FOR THE NA- claim to be heard, and the fact that you are ities Act, which has helped dyslexics enor- TION? able to read this means that with the aid of mously, knows that. If I had any moment of great teachers, computerized spelling checks regret at the inauguration, it came with the and my wife, sons Christopher and Peter and sense that Clinton does not know what it HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK friend Cara, all of whom are on line to pro- means to flunk the seventh grade. OF CALIFORNIA tect me from the more egregious errors of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES syntax, I will be heard. But the fear never Ennis Cosby did. But despite that, he got a fully disappears. master’s, was going for a doctorate and plan- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 It is a fear that young Cosby would have ning to start a school for dyslexic kids, mak- well understood, having devoted his life to ing him—to use his father’s words—my hero, Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, it is America's working with kids with learning disabilities. too. shame that 10 million childrenÐmostly the It is a terror of failure, known keenly by children of working parentsÐdo not have those who, despite their ability and best ef- f health insurance. Health insurance equals ac- forts, flunked seventh grade. What we have cess to health care. Lack of access to health in common, along with millions of others in- INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION care equals increased deaths and diminished cluding my marvelous son Josh—who TO END SUBSIDIES FOR THE lives. thrilled me by admonishing a smug Santa TENNESSEE VALLEY AUTHORITY Monica school district special ed adminis- We must find a way to insure these chil- trator to call it a ‘‘learning difference,’’ not dren. ‘‘disability’’ or ‘‘handicap’’—is a conundrum Florida has developed a program run of difficulties loosely labeled dyslexia. What HON. BOB FRANKS through the schools that provides a com- we have in common is the fact that we learn prehensive set of benefits for children for OF NEW JERSEY differently than most folks because letters about $50 per month. The Robert Wood John- or numbers get scrambled, or we have small IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES son Foundation is giving $3 million in grants to motor problems or we become confused seven other States to see if they can replicate under time pressure or are flustered in our Wednesday, February 5, 1997 efforts to conceptualize in ways that lend Florida's success. themselves to standardized tests. What we Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, Following is material from the RWJ Founda- also have in common is the potential to today I rise to introduce with my colleague, tion's ``Call for Proposals'' which describes the excel. Representative MARTY MEEHAN, a bill entitled Florida program. I think that the Federal Gov- In my time, in the public schools of the the Tennessee Valley Authority First Step Re- ernment might look to this State example as a Bronx, no one knew of such complexity in form Act. way it could quickly and efficiently reach most the learning process. I was simply pro- of the 10 million uninsured. If we used Presi- nounced dumb and slow because I couldn’t Two weeks ago, Tennessee Valley Authority dent Clinton's $500 tax credit idea with a pro- learn cursive writing or spell worth a damn Chairman Craven Crowell asked Congress to gram of school-based health insurance, we and so was tracked to oblivion until a friend- eliminate its $106 million annual appropriation, ly science teacher discovered that I was good could obtain low cost but comprehensive in- at physics and some other subjects if given so that the TVA can concentrate on its elec- surance for millions of children without new half a chance. Since then, a great deal of tricity business in preparation for upcoming bureaucracies or hassles. progress has been made in recognizing and energy deregulation. As a Federal agency I urge everyone to think how we could com- treating dyslexia, but even one from so privi- since 1933, the Tennessee Valley Authority bine the Florida idea with Federal tax legisla- leged a background as Cosby went has provided the Tennessee Valley with flood tion to make new money available to end the undiagnosed until college years. As he poign- protection, agricultural and industrial develop- national disgrace of 10 million uninsured chil- antly wrote, ‘‘The happiest day of my life oc- ment, and electric power. Thanks to TVA's ef- dren. curred when I found out I was forts, the economy of the Tennessee Valley dyslexic . . . the worst feeling to me is con- PURPOSE fusion.’’ has been greatly enhanced. However, as the Healthy Kids is a program designed to help I have been thinking of young Cosby al- TVA makes the transition to becoming an states develop a comprehensive, affordable most constantly since the news of his being independent power producer, I congratulate health insurance product for uninsured chil- gunned down off the San Diego Freeway not the TVA for their recent initiative to eliminate dren. The program, initiated in 1988, provides far from my home. The smiling optimism of its $106 million appropriation. This legislation grant funds to replicate a successful model his file photo burns into my brain and anger would codify that request by ending all appro- in Florida that helps families that do not fills me that this young man’s optimism priations for the TVA after fiscal year 1998. qualify for government aid—but that cannot spilled out wasted on the indifferent con- afford private health insurance—buy health crete of that freeway offramp. It’s the same Second, this bill would order the Office of insurance for their children. Florida Healthy freeway my son Josh takes to a school called Management and Budget to provide an inde- Kids is a subsidized insurance product sold Landmark, where he has opportunities that pendent audit of the rest of the Federal sub- through schools. School districts are used as could save the lives of so many others now sidies enjoyed by the TVA, as well as a plan a grouping mechanism to lower the cost of tracked to state prisons and other societal to completely wean the TVA off taxpayer sub- insurance for children, similar to the role markers of educational failure. employers play in providing group coverage It was Ennis Cosby’s dream to create a sidies. to their employees. school for kids with dyslexia. ‘‘He wanted to Today, I am distributing to every Member of Up to $3 million has been made available make sure that kids who might not have the for the Healthy Kids replication program. opportunity to have the help that he had Congress a report that describes the TVA's di- rect and indirect government subsidies. These Under this three-year competitive program, would get it,’’ his professor recalled. ‘‘So he approximately seven states will be awarded did all he could to help poor kids.’’ As I write include over $1.2 billion in Federal and State grants. These include planning grants for help, it comes out hepl, and the reason I re- tax exemptions, reduced borrowing costs, and states to develop their programs and imple- main a bleeding heart liberal is that I think exemptions from many Federal regulations mentation grants for those ready to proceed. we all benefit when the cry for ‘‘hepl’’ is un- that all other utility companies must obey. BACKGROUND derstood. These subsidies allow TVA to provide cheap These are the thoughts that went through One child out of every seven in America my frayed mind listening to the inaugura- power to a select region subsidized at the ex- does not have health insurance, according to tion speech of William Jefferson Clinton, a pense of the taxpayers in the rest of the Unit- a 1996 study by the Employee Benefits Re- guy who also came up the hard way but who ed States. This practice should not be allowed search Institute. The number of uninsured was blessed with the saving grace of testing to continue. children is increasing and current trends in well. Clinton knows he benefited from the private health care coverage and welfare re- level playing field, and he will not com- As we move toward deregulation of the form threaten to accelerate the rate of in- promise government’s obligation to keep it electric utility industry, these subsidies will crease. level. But where he has failed is in reaching give TVA an unfair advantage over the utility The majority of Americans get their out to those who need a helping hand, as companies that pay taxes and are required to health insurance coverage from group insur- Jesse Jackson might put it, to be pulled abide by State and Federal regulations. It is ance plans provided through their employers. from the quicksand of failure to the high time we leveled the playing field. This legisla- Historically, covering a worker generally ground of opportunity. tion is the first step in making these reforms. meant covering his or her children as well, Those of us with dyslexia, and that ranges but rising health care costs have begun to from Albert Einstein to Cher, have known I urge my colleagues to cosponsor this leg- change that. Recent years have seen a drop that a helping hand spells the difference be- islation. in employer-provided dependent coverage February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E161 (from 61 percent of children in 1988 to 54 per- (approximately five percent). The state por- TRIBUTE TO RICHARD E. VATTER cent in 1993). Additionally, many lower-wage tion declines over time as the local match AND LORETTA SMITH VISION workers cannot afford the higher costs of and program enrollment increases. AWARD RECIPIENTS family coverage. Administration: In Florida, the Healthy Expansions in state Medicaid programs Kids Corporation facilitates the efforts of all were able to cover many children who other- the parties in each site. This state-funded, HON. JAMES P. MORAN wise would have been uninsured. But rising 501(c)(3) corporate entity, manages the con- OF VIRGINIA health care costs and recent changes in fed- tractual arrangements for billing and admin- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral welfare rules have many experts predict- istration of the product, and manages the Wednesday, February 5, 1997 ing that further expansions will not be pos- bidding process with insurers at each site. A sible. The result of these two trends is that private third party administrator (TPA) Mr. MORAN of Virginia. Mr. Speaker, I rise children are 40 percent more likely to be un- helps with initial eligibility determinations, today to recognize the charitable efforts of Mr. insured than adults. For children with medi- and handles the enrollment functions by Richard E. Vatter, American Legion children cal problems, lack of insurance doubles their processing applications and collecting and youth chairman and Loretta Smith, Amer- chance of not getting care. monthly premiums paid by the families. In ican Legion Auxiliary children and youth chair- Very few insurance companies offer poli- addition, the TPA verifies continuing eligi- woman. Mr. Vatter and Ms. Smith have been cies only for children, but a model program, bility by checking monthly to see that pro- Florida Healthy Kids, has demonstrated that awarded the highest honor in the VISION [Vol- gram participants are not receiving any unteers In Service: Investing in Our Nation] a children’s insurance product has a place in services through the state Medicaid pro- the market. The feasibility of a children’s gram. program. Mr. Vatter and Ms. Smith are mem- school enrollment-based health insurance bers of the American Legion. This organization program was first explored in a 1988 Univer- f was founded in 1919 with the mission to serve sity of Florida study and in a subsequent veterans and their families, the community, pilot program, jointly funded by the State of IN RECOGNITION OF JIM and the nation. In working to fulfill this goal Florida and The Robert Wood Johnson Foun- Legion members donate a variety of resources dation. The program designed a children’s in- RATHBONE surance product and used school districts to to blood drives, Boys State, youth and adult group children into purchasing pools to athletic teams, educational scholarships, make the product affordable. The product HON. FRANK RIGGS needy children, and veteran facilities. was sold to families who did not qualify for OF CALIFORNIA Mr. Vatter and Ms. Smith are members of government aid, but could not afford private IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the American Legion Post 176 which has a health insurance for their children. 42-year history of good works in the Spring- Moving the insurance contract from the Wednesday, February 5, 1997 field community. Mr. Vatter and Ms. Smith employer to the school district also en- Mr. RIGGS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to rec- were recognized for their work with the Spi- hanced the portability of coverage, espe- noza buddy bear project. This project provides cially for families with a child with a pre-ex- ognize Jim Rathbone. isting condition. children who have chronic, life endangering, For over 44 years Jim worked for the U.S. organ, mental, and emotional illnesses with a A recent evaluation of the program found a Department of Agriculture in California. For the 70 percent decrease in emergency room visits teddy bear that speaks. Mr. Vatter and Ms. per enrollee. In 1995, enrollees had more than last 25 years, he has been the Program Direc- Smith worked with the community and were 110,000 primary care visits, more than 9,500 tor of Rural Housing Service based in Wood- able to procure 30 bears. This exceeded the children were immunized and 719 children re- land, CA. In this job he has been responsible expectations of the project and brought di- ceived eyeglasses. Teachers also reported im- for the 502 Mutual Self-Help Home Ownership verse elements of the Springfield community proved attendance in school. Program for California. together to work toward this noteworthy goal. The Florida Healthy Kids model has two Jim was born and raised in Sonoma County goals: create a comprehensive insurance Congratulations, Mr. Vatter and Ms. Smith. product for school children and facilitate the and has a close tie to the north coast. Many It is my hope that your good works inspire oth- provision of preventive care for children. The of my constituents who have built their houses ers to focus time and energy on those less Florida program has the following compo- through the self-help housing effort in Califor- fortunate. Best of luck in the future to both of nents: nia have benefited from his work and labor. you and may American Legion Post 176 enjoy Eligibility: All children enrolled in school Hundreds of lower income families have be- a long and active life in the Eighth District of grades K–12 are eligible to participate in the come homeowners in California thanks to his Virginia. program. Pre-school age siblings may also efforts in making this program work. For many, f join. Benefits: The benefits package emphasizes realizing their dream of home ownership has changed their lives forever. INTRODUCTION OF THE AMERICAN prevention and is designed specifically for POLITICAL REFORM ACT children’s medical needs. It features inpa- Jim did not overlook the importance of his tient and outpatient care, including dental, position or isolate himself from the daily issues vision, and mental health. There are no pre- of his work. He has always been available and HON. SAM FARR existing condition limitations and no medi- accessible to those with whom he worked in OF CALIFORNIA cal underwriting. Co-payments are required the rural communities throughout California. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for some services, such as emergency rooms, Wednesday, February 5, 1997 eyeglasses, office visits, and prescriptions. In He was always responsive to individual situa- each school district, insurance companies tionsÐwilling to listen and constantly trying to Mr. FARR of California. Mr. Speaker, today bid to participate in the program. To partici- make the program work for families who do I introduce the American Political Reform Act pate, companies must demonstrate that they the work. and am joined in that introduction by nearly 50 have an adequate and accessible network of His dedication and committed service is of our colleagues from around the nation. providers. best exemplified by his work ethic. I am told Last night the President challenged Con- Role of the schools: Schools serve as the gress to pass campaign finance legislation central institution within communities, fos- that you could find Jim's car outside his office tering relationships between the local from sunup past sundown, often working well and we are here to tell you today that we are project, community leaders, and area busi- into the evening. committed to doing so. ness groups. Schools also verify student en- Those of us concerned about the availability This bill meets the basic principles of true rollment, distribute marketing materials of affordable housing and home ownership for reform: First, fairness. This bill does not favor one and applications, provide parent outreach, working families owe an enormous debt of enhance health education opportunities, and party over the other or one candidate over an- gratitude to this man. He has surely helped a provide interpreters and translators for pro- other. gram activities and materials. large number of families to participate in the Second, reduce the influence of special in- Financing: Premiums are covered by a self-help program and become homeowners. terests. This bill includes PAC limits, limits on combination of state and local/community Jim's life-long work clearly demonstrates the large donors and eliminates soft money. funds, as well as family contributions based importance of public service to our society. It Third, level playing field. This bill makes on a sliding scale. In Florida, the state con- also is a statement of how one person's work tributes 25 percent, local/community funds campaigns competitive by enacting spending can make such a positive impact on so many limits, giving all candidates a similar footing for comprise 40 percent, and families contribute others. approximately 35 percent of the premium. financing their races. The state’s initial contribution is higher, al- Thank you, Jim, for a lifetime of devoted Fourth, access to the system by nontradi- lowing communities to implement the pro- service to the north coast and rural Califor- tional candidates. This bill makes it possible gram with minimal start-up contributions nians. for minorities and women to run. E162 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 We meet these principles through reason- cue [SAR] emergency and assuming the role INTRODUCTION OF A RESOLUTION able and fair changes in the law. of on-scene-commander. The Neah Bay con- TO REUNITE FAMILIES SEPA- First and foremost, we cap spending. tacted other organizations, including Coast RATED BY THE HOLOCAUST There will be no sanity in politics until we Guard Group Detroit and Air Station Detroit, bring spending under control and a spending MI, which dispatched helicopters that provided HON. BOB FRANKS cap is the first weapon in the arsenal of cam- key information to help the ships. Because of OF NEW JERSEY paign finance reform. the potential for a major oilspill, the Marine IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Second, we reform the role of PAC money Safety Office of Toledo, OH, was brought in to in the system. We reduce the individual PAC review contingency plans and prepare for an Wednesday, February 5, 1997 contribution and cap aggregate contribution oil spill. Working in a cooperative effort with Mr. FRANKS of New Jersey. Mr. Speaker, levels. the joint United States/Canadian response last summer I had the honor of being involved Third, we reform the role of wealthy donors, planning team, action was taken to protect the in a remarkable reunion between two siblings including the ability for candidates to use their area, a major spawning ground for aquatic life who were both Holocaust survivors, but who own money in their campaigns. on Lake Erie. had been separated for over 60 years. Solo- Fourth, we reform the role of soft money, The Neah Bay broke an escape route in the mon and Rivka Bromberg were separated dur- essentially eliminating it, but allowing for ice and was able to keep the barge off the ing the Holocaust, and neither had heard from grassroots operations at the State level among rocks long enough for the Donald C. Hannah the other since. candidates of the same party. to repair the broken cable. After 5 tense However, thanks to the resourceful work of Finally, we try to put the brakes on the mas- hours, the ship was broken free of the ice by younger relatives and Israel's Jewish Agency, sive expenditures of money in the political the Neah Bay. The Donald C. Hannah and the these two Holocaust survivors were finally re- realm that are now unregulated, undisclosed oil-carrying barge were safely escorted to their united in Israel in August after so many years. and outside the lawÐindependent expendi- destination by the Neah Bay and a sister ship, Solomon Bromberg's oldest son Michael had tures. the Bristol Bay, who had been diverted from worked with the Jewish Agency to contact We do this by requiring new levels of disclo- other escort duties. Sharon Feingold, the granddaughter of Rivka sure and by expanding the definition of ex- Mr. Speaker, this is a story of bravery, co- Bromberg Feingold. They then orchestrated a press advocacy. operation between Government agencies phone call between Solomon and Rivka and a The legislation we introduce today is rea- under extreme circumstances, and a job well formal reunion in person. sonable, achievable, and supported by the done. My district is proud to be the home I became involved with this emotional saga White House and the Democratic leadership. berth of the Neah Bay. I take this opportunity only when the family began its search, which It is the only legislation in the last Congress to honor the officers and crew of the USCGC is still ongoing, for a third sibling, Abraham to get bipartisan votes. Neah Bay: Commanding officer, LCDR Fred- Bromberg, believed to be in the United States. If it could last year, it can again this year. erick J. Sommer; executive officer, LTJG Rich- Nevertheless, I had been very moved by the My colleagues and I look forward to moving ard J. Wester; CWO2 Charles Philpot; BMC emotional reunion of Solomon and Rivka. this legislation forward and meeting the Presi- Jeffrey P. Mallory; EMC Daryl W. Covington; Today there are thousands of Holocaust dent's challenge of presenting him with cam- MK1 Timothy J. Clancey; QM1 Jon R. Fred- survivors in Russia, Eastern Europe, the Unit- paign finance reform by July 4. erick; FS2 Michael S. Beaver; BM3 Dean M. ed States, Israel, and other nations who were f Grass; EM3 Timothy P. Ostrander; EM3 Ariel separated from their families during the Holo- caust and who may not know the fates of their HONORING THE OFFICERS AND Vazquez; MK3 Jefferson D. Clark; SN relatives. CREW OF THE COAST GUARD’S Kristopher R. Demetros; SN Duke A. Walker; SA Anthony J. Clark; SA Jeremy L. Farmer; For this reason I introduced a concurrent CLEVELAND-BASED TUG ‘‘NEAH resolution in the last Congress to urge the BAY’’ FN Jason E. Henderson; and FA Daniel S. Manor. Secretary of State, foreign nations, especially Israel, Russia, Poland, and other Eastern Eu- HON. DENNIS J. KUCINICH f ropean nations, and organizations such as the OF OHIO Red Cross and Israel's Jewish Agency, to co- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES KIRK JOHNSON HONORED AS ordinate efforts to help reunite family members Wednesday, February 5, 1997 EMPLOYEE OF THE MONTH separated as a result of the Holocaust. Today, I am introducing this resolution. Mr. KUCINICH. Mr. Speaker, members of If my colleagues could have seen the emo- the U.S. Coast Guard perform extremely valu- HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON tional reunion of the Brombergs, they would able services for the American people, keep- OF TEXAS agree with me that these thousands of families ing our shorelines secure and safe from envi- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES deserve help in finding their own long lost rel- ronmental damage. My district is proud to be atives. With some additional effort by the State associated with the Ninth Coast Guard District, Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Department and the cooperation of other the guardians of the Great Lakes. I commend Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. agencies and foreign governments, there can to your attention a recent incident that dem- Mr. Speaker, I rise today to congratulate and be thousands more happy reunions. There- onstrates the tremendous contribution made recognize Mr. Kirk Johnson who was recently fore, I urge my colleagues to support this leg- by the officers and crew of Coast Guard units honored as Employee of the Month at Inte- islation. in that region. f On January 23, 1997, as windy and bitter grated Tax System. cold weather swept across Lake Erie, the Mr. Johnson, who trains employees on tax NEW JERSEY’S 11TH DISTRICT— Coast Guard's Cleveland-based icebreaking codes, was commended by ITS for his excel- PRIME RECRUITING GROUND tug Neah Bay was escorting a tanker vessel lent teaching skills, professionalism, and ex- FOR ACADEMIES and a tug/barge combination, the Donald C. tensive knowledge. His trainees have praised Hannah, from Toledo to Cleveland, OH. A him by saying, ``The trainer created a relaxed HON. RODNEY P. FRELINGHUYSEN cable connecting the Donald C. Hannah to the atmosphere conducive to the exchange of in- formation'' and ``The instructor was very edu- OF NEW JERSEY barge broke while the ships were passing IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES through a heavy ice field. While the Donald C. cational and professional.'' Hannah stopped to make repairs, the tug and In addition to teaching, Mr. Johnson is the Wednesday, February 5, 1997 her barge became trapped. The tug and barge creator of the ITS Bulletin, which has proved Mr. FRELINGHUYSEN. Mr. Speaker, every were at the mercy of high winds and powerful to be very popular among ITS users around year, more high school seniors from the 11th ice, in danger of running aground at a nearby the State, and a quick reference card for ITS Congressional District trade in varsity jackets island within 1 hour. The situation presented that is still in heavy demand. for Navy peacoats, Air Force flight suits, and an extreme environmental threat because the Congratulations, Kirk, for your outstanding Army brass buckles than any other district in barge contained more than 1 million gallons of accomplishments in your profession and the the country. But this is nothing new: Our area heavy aromatic residual fuel oil. recognition of that by ITS through the Em- has repeatedly sent an above-average propor- The officers and the crew of the Neah Bay ployee of the Month Award. I am very proud tion of its sons and daughters to the Nation's took quick action, declaring a search and res- of you, son. military academies for decades. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E163 This shouldn't come as a surprise. The edu- Last year, the board interviewed 32 appli- TED NUGENT: TALENTED, cational excellence of our area is well known cants. Nominations included 10 to the Naval COMMITTED, PRINCIPLED and has long been a magnet for families look- Academy, 17 to the Military Academy, 4 to the ing for the best environment in which to raise Air Force Academy, and 1 to the Merchant HON. JAMES A. BARCIA their children. Our graduates are skilled not Marine AcademyÐthe Coast Guard Academy only in mathematics, science, and social stud- does not use the congressional nomination OF MICHIGAN ies, but also have solid backgrounds in sports, debate teams, and other extracurricular activi- process. The Board then forwards their rec- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ties. This diverse upbringing makes military ommendations to the academies by January Wednesday, February 5, 1997 academy recruiters sit up and take noteÐin- 31, where recruiters review files and notify ap- deed, many recruiters know our towns and plicants and my office of their final decisions Mr. BARCIA. Mr. Speaker, the power of tal- schools by name. on admission. ent, coupled with impeccable standards of de- Since the 1830's, Members of Congress cency, energized by commitment to principle, It is both reassuring and rewarding to know have enjoyed meeting, talking with, and nomi- emblazoned by actions to put feelings into nating these superb young people to our mili- that many of our military officers hail from our fact, is the best way I can summarize the ca- tary academies. But how did this process hometowns or close by. When we consider reer of a man who has brought millions to evolve? the role of these officers in peace or war, we their feet with a piercing beat that just won't let In 1843, when West Point was the sole can rest easier knowing that the best and you stand still. That man is Ted Nugent. academy, Congress ratified the nominating brightest are in command. Wherever they are Over his career, many have known him for process and became directly involved in the sent, be that Bosnia, Somalia, Haiti, or Viet- the 28 albums he has produced, with over 30 makeup of our military's leadership. This was nam, many of these officers have academy million of them sold worldwide. His concertsÐ not an act of an imperial Congress bent on training. and he has had nearly 1,000 since 1990Ð controlling every aspect of the Government. continue to set sales records. His professional And while a few people may question the Rather, the procedure still used today was, success has enabled him to do what he cares motivations and ambitions of some young peo- and is, one further check and balance in our most aboutÐprovide support for young people democracy. It was originally designed to weak- ple, the academy review process shows that through his involvement in the Drug Abuse en and divide political coloration in the officer the large majority of our graduates are just as Resistance Education [DARE], program and corps, provide geographical balance to our highly motivated as the generation before the Ted Nugent Kamp for Kids, where boys armed services, and to make the officer corps them. They still seek guidance from loving and girls learn about proper respect for wild- more resilient to unfettered nepotism that parents, dedicated teachers and schools, and life, conservation, and hunting, as well as re- handicapped European armies. from trusted clergy and rabbis. Indeed, every spect for one another. He also has consist- In 1854, Representative Geritt Smith of New ently promoted his alcohol and drug-free life- York added a new component to the academy time I visit a school, speak at a college, or style as a model for all young people, and has nomination processÐthe academy review meet a young academy nominee, I am con- recently donated his time and talents to a board. This was the first time a Member of stantly reminded that we as a nation are statewide safety campaign, urging drivers to Congress appointed prominent citizens from blessed with fine young men and women. ``buckle up and live.'' his district to screen applicants and assist with Their willingness and desire to serve their Ted has pursued his devotion for the right of the serious duty of nominating candidates for country is perhaps the most persuasive evi- academy admission. Today, I am honored to people to hunt through his award winning Ted dence of all. continue this wise tradition in my service to Nugent Spirit of the Wild PBS video series, his never-ending media interviews on the subject, the 11th Congressional District. ACADEMY NOMINEES FOR 1996—11TH CONGRESSIONAL The Academy Review Board is composed of and his writings in Adventure Outdoors maga- DISTRICT, NEW JERSEY nine local citizens who have shown exemplary zine. service to New Jersey, to their communities, Name Hometown High School Academy For all of his efforts, Ted Nugent has re- and to the continued excellence of education ceived recognition that he truly deserves. He in our areaÐmany are veterans. Though from Evren Asral ...... Rockaway ...... Morris Hills ...... Military. Brian Bergen ..... W. Caldwell ...... James Caldwell Military. has received numerous commendations from diverse backgrounds and professions, they all Benjamin Blake Chatham ...... Chatham ...... Naval. State police, sheriff departments, the FBI, and share a common dedication to seeing that the Garrett Randolph ...... Randolph ...... Military. other police agencies. In fact, he has been a Brougham. best qualified and motivated graduates attend Ryan Carr ...... Succasunna ...... Roxbury ...... Naval. Michigan County sheriff deputy since 1988. He our academies. And, as is true for most volun- Matthew Succasunna ...... Roxbury ...... Military. has been named Man of the Year by the teer panels, their service goes largely unno- DelPreore. Charles Emering, Butler ...... Butler ...... Air Force. Michigan Recreation and Parks Association. ticed. Jr. He is a member of the Hundgun Hunters Hall I would like to take a moment to recognize Katherine Falato Basking Ridge .. Ridge ...... Military. of Fame. He has been inducted into the Na- these men and women and to thank them Geoffrey Frick .... Lincoln Park ...... DePaul ...... Naval. Kyle Grzymko ..... Andover ...... Lenape Valley Military. tive-American Strongheart Society by the publicly for participating in this important Regional. Lakota Sioux, Northern Cheyenne, and Arap- panel. Being on this board requires hard work Michael Henke ... Parsippany ...... Parsippany ...... Military. aho Tribes. He has served as the keynote Morgan Hock ..... Morristown ...... Madison ...... Military. and an objective mind. Members have the re- speaker at numerous events including the sponsibility of interviewing upward of 50 out- Janet Howson .... Madison ...... Morris Catholic Military. Roger Knight IV Pompton Plains Valley Forge Military. Governor's Symposium on North American standing high school seniors every year in the Military. Hunting Heritage in Wisconsin, and the Na- Charles Larsen .. Hopatcong ...... Hopatcong ...... Military. academy review process. tive-American Fish & Wildlife Society National The nomination process follows a general Adam Lusardi .... Rockaway ...... Morris Hills ...... Military. Newman Merton Budd Lake ...... St. John’s Mil .... Military. Conference in Anchorage, AK. He has served timetable. High school seniors mail personal Christopher Moen Pompton Plains DePaul ...... Air Force. on numerous organizations within Michigan, information directly to the Military Academy, Edmund Mooney Kinnelon ...... Kinnelon ...... Naval. such as the Michigan Year of the Family the Naval Academy, the Air Force Academy, Patrick Nelson ... Hackettstown .... Bridgeton Acad Naval. Todd Osborne .... Morris Plains ..... Morristown ...... Naval. Council, the Hunting and Fishing Heritage and the Merchant Marine Academy once they Mary Paczkowski Long Valley ...... West Morris Naval. Task Force, and the Michigan State Parks become interested in attending. Information in- Central. cludes academic achievement, college entry Daniel Powell ..... Califon ...... West Morris Naval. Foundation, and has been named Archery Central. Commissioner for the Great Lakes State. test scores, and other activities. At this time, Nicholas Whippany ...... Morris Catholic Military. they also inform their Representative of their Rafanello. Mr. Speaker, if anyone ever asks you what Thomas Rogers .. Rockaway ...... Morris Knolls ..... Air Force. Ted Nugent wants, tell them he wants kids to desire to be nominated. James Schiess ... Flanders ...... Mt. Olive ...... Air Force. The academies then assess the applicants, Thomas Tanis .... Oak Ridge ...... Jefferson ...... Military. grow up strong. He's wants hunting and con- rank them based on the data supplied, and re- Andrew Telschow Succasunna ...... Roxbury ...... Merchant Ma- servation to be recognized for the reasonable rine. and responsible activities that they are. He turn the files to my office with their notations. Scott Trageser ... Sparta ...... Sparta ...... Naval. In mid-December, our Academy Review Board Christopher Stanhope ...... Hopatcong ...... Military. wants people to keep their constitutional interviews all of the applicants over the course Wilkens. rights. He wants to preserve a way of life that Jacob Williams .. Basking Ridge .. Delbarton School Naval. of 2 days. They assess a student's qualifica- James Zhou ...... Livingston ...... Livingston ...... Military. is the best in the world. I urge all of our col- tions and analyze character, desire to serve, leagues to join me in thanking Ted Nugent for and other talents that may be hidden on all that he does to make America a better paper. place. E164 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 TRIBUTE TO DAVID A. LATHERS Ms. Hearst always reminded her audiences cial order and for all her hard work on behalf that ``there could be no lasting improvement in of the children of our Nation. HON. SANDER M. LEVIN human welfare other than through education.'' f Another name synonymous with the early OF MICHIGAN HONORING DAVID A. FORD IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES formation of the PTA is that of Selena Sloan Butler. Ms. Butler founded the National Con- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 gress of Colored Parents and Teachers in At- HON. ELIOT L. ENGEL Mr. LEVIN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to rec- lanta, GA, in 1926. The National Congress of OF NEW YORK ognize David A. Lathers, a dedicated teacher, Colored Parents and Teachers merged with IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES principal, and community activist on the occa- the National Congress of Parents and Teach- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 sion of his retirement after 45 years of service ers in 1970 and formed what is now our to the Utica community schools. Since the fall present day PTA. The enormous contribution Mr. ENGEL. Mr. Speaker, I speak today of of 1973, and the opening of Henry Ford II of Ms. Butler is equally notable this month as David Ford, a man I am happy to call a friend High School in Sterling Heights, David Lathers we also celebrate Black History Month across and a confidantÐa man I am proud to know. has served as principal. our Nation. Mr. Speaker, today we honor an He has served his community faithfully and During his 24 year stewardship of Henry organization that supports and speaks on be- well and it is with no little sorrow that I note Ford II High School, David Lathers has been half of our children. his retirement as leader of the Democratic an advocate of strong professional standards PTA assists parents in developing the skills Party of Mount Vernon. and high student expectations. His efforts and they need to raise and protect our children. It When he came to Mount Vernon the Demo- encouragement have resulted in a number of encourages parent and public involvement in cratic Party was virtually nonexistent. He is academic success stories and innovative pilot the public schools of this Nation. leaving us with a vibrant and dominant party programs at Ford II. The Far Eastern Institute, On February 17, 1997, PTA chapters across that has elected the first African-American a Japanese language, history, and culture this land will celebrate Founders Day, which mayor of a New York State city and the first course was developed, piloted and resulted in honors the legacy of PTA. African-American assemblyman from West- a sister school program with Japan. The first I therefore ask my colleagues on both sides chester County. I went to Mount Vernon in commercial food program and commercial art of the aisle, to rise and salute the PTA, the 1992 when it was made part of my congres- programs in the district were developed at leading child advocacy organization in our Na- sional district and I have never been sorry. It Ford II. In 1985, Henry Ford II High School tion. is rare to find someone who can be such a was awarded the State Exemplary School f good friend and still give such wonderful ad- Award, the first school in Macomb County to vice. receive this award. And more recently, in COMMENDING THOSE WHO David is married to the former Eula Gadson 1996, the Ford II marching band was selected VOLUNTEERED FOR MASSNET DAY and they have four children and four grand- to perform in the Rose Bowl Parade. children. For the past two decades he has His commitment to the community has been HON. JOSEPH P. KENNEDY II served as commissioner of Mount Vernon's equally impressive. David Lathers was instru- OF MASSACHUSETTS board of water supply, a position which does mental in organizing a Kiwanis Club in Sterling IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES not begin to tell the breadth of his involvement in his city and community. Among his honors Heights, establishing KEY Clubs at Ford II and Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Eisenhower High Schools and serving as a are being named YMCA Man of the Year and board member and vice-president of the West Mr. KENNEDY of Massachusetts. Mr. a life member of the Mount Vernon NAACP. Macomb Y.M.C.A. Speaker, I rise today to commend the 4,000 His abilities have attracted people from In 1993, colleagues from the Michigan As- volunteers (including labor union members throughout Westchester County and the State sociation of Secondary School Principals rec- and trademen) and over 100 businesses who seeking his guidance and counsel. ognized David's tremendous contributions by donated their time and energy to wire the David has made not only his city better but naming him the outstanding principal of the schools in my district and across Massachu- the time we live in. His wisdom and leadership year. setts to the internet. have made us better than we would have And so, Mr. Speaker, while we reflect on the On October 26, 1996 the first in a series of been. Even with his retirement as leader of passing of an era for Henry Ford II High, we MassNet Days was held. I am proud to say the Democratic Party, I look forward to sharing commend David Lathers for his lifetime com- that it was an enormous success involving in that wisdom of many years to come. mitment to the community, school district, and over 400 schools in Massachusetts. f thousands of students upon whose lives he MassNetworks was initiated because, de- IN RECOGNITION OF FRELINGHUY- has made an impact. I extend my sincerest spite a wealth of high-tech companies, Massa- SEN TOWNSHIP ELEMENTARY wishes for a healthful, rewarding, and produc- chusetts ranked 49th among the 50 states in SCHOOL tive retirement. networked classrooms and 45th in modem f lines installed. MassNetworks has a component of which I HON. MARGE ROUKEMA THE PTA: A CENTURY OF SERVICE am especially proud. Teacher training and de- OF NEW JERSEY TO OUR CHILDREN velopment has been recognized as being as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES important as the wiring or hardware. Educating HON. BOB FILNER teachers, improving their skills, and showing Wednesday, February 5, 1997 OF CALIFORNIA them how to utilize the internet as part of the Mrs. ROUKEMA. Mr. Speaker, I rise to con- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES curriculum is vital to the success of putting all gratulate Frelinghuysen Township Elementary of our schools on the information highway. School in Warren County, NJ, for its innova- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Imagine a history class in Watertown that is tive and creative techniques of teaching young Mr. FILNER. Mr. Speaker and colleagues, I able to take a tour of the battlefields of the people about our Nation's history and culture. rise today to recognize one of the most time- Civil War, or a science class in Boston seeing On January 25, students at Frelinghuysen honored and revered organizations in our Na- photographs of Jupiter. This can help make Elementary staged an inaugural ball with the tion today. February 17, 1997 will mark the learning come alive. theme ``Presidents Past and Present.'' This 100th birthday of the Parents and Teachers The future of our country rests on the shoul- formal evening of music, dance, and food in- Association, known more widely as the PTA. ders of our youth. If they are well educated cluded fifth- and sixth-grade students dressed Formed on February 17, 1897, PTA was ini- and able to continue to learn throughout their as each of our 42 Presidents and their wives. tially known as the National Congress of Moth- lives, then the United States will continue to The students presented mini-museums and ers. Credit for the initial concept of this world- be the world leader. speeches depicting the lives of the Presidents renowned organization has been ascribed to Again, I want to thank all the people in Mas- they portrayed. Period-appropriate dance Alice McLellan Birney, a mother of three chil- sachusetts who donated time, energy, and music ranged from the Minuet for Presidents dren whose husband practiced law in Wash- materials to make our schools a better place Washington and Jefferson to the Macarena for ington, DC. Joining Ms. Birney in this historic for our kids. President Clinton. Approximately 250 parents, undertaking was Phoebe Apperson Hearst, Mr. Speaker, I also want to thank the teachers, veterans, students, and VIP's at- widow of the late U.S. Senator George Hearst. gentlelady from Texas for organizing this spe- tended. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E165 This event was more than just a one-time All of this is even more impressive when Health Insurance Portability and Accountability affair. It was the culmination of the school's you consider that Frelinghuysen is one of the Act. thematic enrichment programÐan 80-minute smallest school systems in our State. With This new law, however, did not extend weekly class for the fifth and sixth grades that 171 students in kindergarten through sixth these same protections to our senior and dis- uses hands-on techniques to make history and grade, it is a single-school school district. Be- abled constituents who are on Medicare. No culture exciting and students eager to learn. yond sixth grade, students go to North Warren senior should be forced to live in fear that un- ``The goal of our political enrichment theme Regional Middle School and North Warren Re- expected medical bills will deprive them of fi- this year is to not only provide a strong edu- gional High School. Chief School Administrator nancial independence. cation in government and politics but to inspire Cioffi wears the dual hats of principal and su- That is why I am introducing, along with 30 the students to develop an interest and appre- perintendent, guiding a staff of 13 full-time and of my colleagues, a portability bill for the mil- ciation in our country,'' school officials said in three part-time students, plus a nurse and li- lions of senior citizens who supplement their the invitation to the inaugural ball. ``We are de- brarian. Medicare coverage with private insurance. An veloping the educated voters of the future.'' These accomplishments clearly show that estimated 10 million senior citizens, one-third The class is run by fifth-grade teacher Sue adults who careÐteachers and parents alikeÐ of the total number of seniors on Medicare, Hocking and sixth-grade teacher Patricia Mey- count far more than money in delivering a rely on medigap coverage to meet important ers under the supervision of Chief School Ad- quality education. These teachers and parents health needs. Medigap insurance typically ministrator Eugene Cioffi. About two dozen are the heroes, mentors, and role models who pays for prescription drugs, skilled nursing parents were actively involved in this year's hold up the historic value of public education care, and out-of-pocket deductibles. Without event, organized by volunteer parent coordina- in America. They are an excellent example of medigap, seniors can face tough choices be- tor Rene Jensen, mother of a sixth-grader. a community working together to develop and tween paying their medical bills and meeting The class began 3 years ago with World educate our citizens of tomorrow. Citizen in- daily critical needs. And that is a choice they War II as its theme, prompted by the 50th an- volvement has made America the leader in should not be asked to make. niversary of the end of the war. Students democracy around the world and their work My legislation provides four important pro- worked with the World War II Commemorative will keep us in the forefront. tections for seniors and the disabled. First, it Society of the Department of Defense to put f will protect seniors with medigap insurance on a Flag Day celebration with local veterans who move out of their plan's service area or and elected officials. They planted a victory DALLAS AREA STUDENTS whose plan goes out of business. This bill garden, learned dances and music of the era, RECEIVE AWARDS guarantees that those seniors will be able to and ended the class with a USO dance. purchase another plan with comparable cov- Last year, medieval history was the theme HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON erage even if they have a history of severe ill- as students studied knights and castles. A me- OF TEXAS ness. This means that seniors who relocate to dieval fair complete with jousting and a ban- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES other States can do so without the fear that quet marked the end of the class. Students they will not be able to secure comparable in- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 played human chess with children as chess surance coverage. pieces on the school gym floor, redone with Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. In addition, my bill provides Medicare bene- huge black and white square to make a chess Mr. Speaker, I rise today to congratulate stu- ficiaries who choose to enroll in a Medicare board. Mr. Cioffi was dubbed ``King Eugene dents from my district for their outstanding ac- HMO the security that they will be able to re- III'' and his freedom ransomed when kidnaped complishments. turn to their medigap plan if they are not satis- by an opposing kingdom. Ten students were awarded 4-year scholar- fied. They can utilize this option anytime within In preparation for this year's inaugural ball, ships which range from $4,000 to $25,000 by the first year of their enrollment. students staged a mock election between Texas A&M University as part of its incoming Third, my bill will help provide security for President Clinton and former Senator Bob class. The scholarship winners are Richard D. seniors who lose their employer-provided re- Dole. (Dole won 79±73.) In other preparation Weaver, Jr., of Carter High School; Julie A. tiree health benefits. In this era of high bank- and research, local Lincoln expert Joseph Contreras of Irving High School; Tatiana Alex- ruptcies and more and more companies with- Garrera organized a display to help students ander of Kimball High School; Edward N. drawing or reducing health coverage for retir- understand the Civil War President. Brown, Jr., and Crystal D. Caldwell of South ees, this legislation will guarantee that retirees For the remainder of this year, the class will Oak Cliff High School; Paul L. Andres, John P. will always have access to insurance coverage study archeology. The school's victory garden Broadnax, and Elizabeth A. Flotte of Talented beyond Medicare, even if they have had seri- has been seeded with objects and will be the and Gifted Magnet High School; Kaushawn P. ous health problems. site of an archaeological dig in the spring. Hicks of Townview Magnet Center; and Mar- Finally, this bill will extend to disabled Medi- The thematic enrichment class is not the tha R. Wilson of Booker T. Washington High care beneficiaries equal access to all medigap only innovative program at Frelinghuysen Ele- School for the Performing and Visual Arts. plans. This is an important assurance consid- mentary. In addition, Leaksha Dunn, a senior at ering the high medical bills that people with In the Families Read Every Day program James Madison High School in Dallas, took disabilities face. run by first-grade teacher Linda Banta, stu- top honors in the Dallas County Historical We took significant steps last Congress with dents take home a book each night to read Commission's Heritage Education Essay Con- the Health Insurance Portability and Account- with their parents, then receive scrip-like test for her treatise on ``James Thibodeaux, a ability Act. Let us not forget those who did not awards in class the next day that can be Living Legend in South Dallas.'' Leaksha won benefit from those vital safeguards. Let us pro- saved up to buy prizes from a classroom $50 from the commission and $500 for the tect the millions of senior citizens who rely on store. high school's history department. medigap policies. At a Valentine's Day tea, fifth- and sixth- The hard work and dedication of these stu- f graders will be visited by senior citizens who dents is admirable. Congratulations students, will discuss their favorite Presidents in an and good luck in all your pursuits. INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION interactive, intergenerational learning process. f TO RELINK BLIND TO EARNINGS The school has begun a Native American TEST Cultural Center by building an authentic PROVIDING PORTABILITY FOR teepee in the schoolyard and teaching classes MEDIGAP ENROLLEES HON. BARBARA B. KENNELLY about native American culture inside. A sec- OF CONNECTICUT ond teepee and a bark lodge are planned for HON. NANCY L. JOHNSON IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the future. OF CONNECTICUT Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Frelinghuysen Elementary was one of sev- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES eral schools in Warren County that recently Mrs. KENNELLY of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- joined together to purchase ``Star Lab,'' an in- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 er, I rise today to introduce legislation to re- flatable, portable planetarium that allows stu- Mrs. JOHNSON of Connecticut. Mr. Speak- store fairness to the Social Security earnings dents to learn about astronomy at their own er, in the last session of Congress, we passed test for blind individuals. Since 1977, the link- school from their own teachers. important legislation giving Americans access ing of the blind to senior citizens for the pur- A buddy program pairs kindergartners with to portable insurance coverage regardless of poses of the earnings test has assisted in fifth-graders as mentors and lunch partners. their health status. We did it by enacting the helping many blind individuals become self- E166 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 sufficient, and more productive members of ily and loved ones of my colleague, Rep- of my school, my community, and my coun- society. This is no longer the case. That im- resentative FRANK TEJEDA who passed away try—proud to be an American. portant link was broken in 1996. While senior on January 30, 1997. Although I did not have WM. J. WILEY SCHOOL, citizens will be afforded greater opportunity to the privilege of meeting Representative Fall River, MA, January 13, 1997. increase their earnings without losing their So- TEJEDA, I would like to join my colleagues in Dr. IRVING A. FRADKIN, cial Security benefits, the blind, however, will honoring this American hero. American Dream Challenge Awards Committee, not have that same chance. Congressman TEJEDA leaves a legacy of Fall River, MA. Blindness is often associated with adverse dedication, hard work, and devotion to his DEAR DR. FRADKIN AND MEMBERS: As we social and economic consequences. It is often community. He will remain a role model for the enter the new year, I’m extremely anxious to difficult for blind individuals to find sustained youth and Hispanics for many years to come. begin the fourth year of your scholarship employment or for that matter employment at program. I am most delighted that your And as a freshman Member of Congress, I will American Dream Challenge has met with so all. The blind want to work and take pride in miss his leadership, and his advice on how to much success. It was an excellent idea to ini- doing so. Our action in 1977 provided a great better serve my constituency and the Nation. tiate this program at such an early age; I be- deal of hope and incentive for the blind popu- He was a dedicated citizen, serving in the lieve that it makes a tremendous impact on lation in this country. Now is not the time to Marine Corps and defending our Nation during the future successes of so many fourth grade roll back two decades of success. I urge my the Vietnam war. He was a dedicated educa- students of the Fall River. Let me share with colleagues to support this important legislation tor, receiving degrees from St. Mary's Univer- you just how your scholarships have affected to restore fairness to the Social Security earn- sity, Berkeley, Harvard, and Yale. the lives of three of my students. Sharon was my first recipient; one could ings test. Congressman TEJEDA was also a dedicated not find a brighter student. However, she was f public servant, serving 10 years in the Texas often consumed by a timidity that limited State Legislature and 4 years in Congress. I TRIBUTE TO MAX LYON AND KARL her abilities. When she learned that she was am very proud of his achievements and con- chosen as the winner, she acquired such MUEGGLER tributions to our country. His passing is a great pride and confidence that it is still with her loss for our community. today. HON. JANE HARMAN f In 1995, Natalie was chosen as a finalist and OF CALIFORNIA she could not wait to hear the results of your essay contest. She, too, was a bright student IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES AN AMERICAN DREAM COME TRUE and a most imaginative writer. However, she Wednesday, February 5, 1997 lacked a feeling of belonging because she had Ms. HARMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to HON. BARNEY FRANK only come to America from Ireland one year mourn the loss of Max Lyon and Karl OF MASSACHUSETTS earlier. When she discovered that she had IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES been chosen as the ’95 recipient, she beamed Mueggler, two constituents of mine who were with pride! She was now truly an American both tragically killed in an avalanche during a Wednesday, February 5, 1997 with a future that could not be brighter. Her skiing trip to Utah earlier this month. Mr. FRANK of Massachusetts. Mr. Speaker. entire family attended the ceremony. Max and Karl will be missed by many, espe- One of the most important organizations I Finally, let me tell you about Meghan. cially by their students at the Chadwick School She, too, was a bright girl. However, unlike have had the privilege to work with is the Shannon and Natalie, she was not a good stu- in Palos Verdes. Max served as the school's American Dream Challenge, a committee of outdoor education program director since 1990 dent. She lacked consistency, focus, and con- the Citizens Scholarship Foundation of Fall fidence, but I could see a light in her that and was nationally known for his work in River, MA headed by Dr. Irving Fradkin, which many could not see. She loved to read and teaching youngsters about nature. Karl was an has spread across the Nation and which helps was full of imagination. I stressed with her outdoor education instructor since 1991 and young people go to college. I have been privi- the importance of this essay, and how it worked with Max to keep Chadwick students leged to introduce Dr. Fradkin's work to var- might affect her entire life. She wrote her in touch with our environment. ious officials of the Federal Government, and essay with an intensity that I had not pre- viously seen. When I read her composition, I Max and Karl touched the life of every I have been pleasedÐalthough not sur- Chadwick student. Whether it was on one of could tell that she would be my next recipi- prisedÐwhen they have responded very favor- ent. She changed that day, and actually their kayak trips to Baja California or on one ably when they learned about it. Dr. Fradkin of their rock-climbing adventures in Joshua started to reach her potential. She was even- has spent considerable time recently working tually declared the winner, and her attitude Tree, Max and Karl taught Chadwick young- with elementary schools and the results have changed toward learning. sters how important it is to preserve and pro- been as a I expected, extremely gratifying. I In summary, I’d have to say that your pro- tect our environment. Max and Karl under- ask here that I be allowed to share with my gram does definitely make a difference, and stood that unless today's children take an ac- I’m proud to be part of it. One can only colleagues examples of the response the dream of the changes this can create in a tive role in environmental protection, future American Dream Challenge has received from generations will never be able to enjoy our child. It just might help that child rise above faculty and students in the elementary the pressures of drug abuse, sexual promis- country's outdoor heritage. schools. I think it is useful for people to read In the words of Nathan Reynolds, cuity, or even teenage pregnancy. Thank you the pledge of the American Dream Challenge for your interest in the youth of Fall River. Chadwick's headmaster, ``Max and Karl taught which children are asked to take, and the re- You are making a positive impact on their so many of us to better love and appreciate sponses to this program from two 4th grade lives with a difference that should surely af- the world. They affected us all. We are the teachers from Fall River, and from students in fect the future of Fall River. better because they touched our lives.'' Very truly yours, the Fall River schools. Mr. Speaker, I ask my colleagues in the SUSAN LANYON, House of Representatives to join me in ex- THE PLEDGE OF THE AMERICAN DREAM 4th Grade Teacher. CHALLENGE tending heartfelt condolences to the Lyon and THE AMERICAN DREAM CHALLENGE: A Mueggler families. I am very pleased to accept this award, honor, and scholarship. BLUEPRINT f In accepting this award, I pledge to con- The American Dream Challenge Program EXPRESSING SORROW OF THE tinue to do the best that I can in school and Committee is a dynamic, dedicated group of make the most of this valuable tool offered HOUSE AT THE DEATH OF HON. individuals who are working for a common to me—my education. good and unified goals. Their exceptional FRANK TEJEDA, REPRESENTA- I promise to respect my teachers and class- talents, dedication, and commitment are TIVE FROM THE STATE OF mates, giving an effort to learn about and certainly felt within our educational system TEXAS appreciate their religious and ethnic back- and our community. grounds. What a Herculean task this is! The Amer- SPEECH OF I further pledge, in accepting this award, ican Dream Challenge Group Volunteers that I will not be involved in any way with countless hours so that positive attitudes, HON. LORETTA SANCHEZ the use of illegal drugs. ethics, and enthusiasm can regenerate in OF CALIFORNIA I will not resort to the use of weapons of this depressed area and can begin with our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES any kind to resolve differences with others. youngest elementary students. Tuesday, February 4, 1997 I will volunteer to perform service for my The concept of encouraging our students to community whenever possible. do their very best, take charge of their lives, Ms. SANCHEZ. Mr. Chairman, I rise today I will continue to do everything within my and stay in school is emphasized so magnifi- to extend my deepest condolences to the fam- power to be a caring and responsible citizen cently by the Committee. The American February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E167 Dream Challenge Group awards scholarships friends and have the friendship last a long HONORING JOHN C. DOULIN to elementary school children who are urged time. I can share with them, that’s an easy to put forth their best effort and make a dif- thing to do. When I grow up I want to go to ference in their school, their neighborhood college. I hope I pass college so that I can be HON. BENJAMIN A. GILMAN and eventually give to their community. a nurse.—Rany Say, Laurel Lake School. With the American Dream Challenge we OF NEW YORK can feel the necessity for our students to WINNING SPOT IN STATE HOUSE COULD HELP IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES strive for decency, and get back to basics in FIGHT AGAINST VIOLENCE Wednesday, February 5, 1997 their lives. I think that if I have a good education, Today we need more programs like the that maybe I could work in the state House Mr. GILMAN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased to American Dream Challenge with interested, and help to make up non-violent laws to help report to our colleagues that a most remark- concerned citizens volunteering with our a lot of people in the United States. If I do youth and building better citizens and adults able American is going to be honored later make it to the state House as a representa- this week. for tomorrow. tive, I would make strict laws about guns. I Thank you Dr. Fradkin and the American would allow them to be sold only to people The Catholic War Veterans Post No. 386 in Dream Challenge Committee for including with the proper license for them. I would not Orange County, NY, is paying tribute to John me and my students in a worthwhile endeav- allow pocket knives to be sold to anyone C. Doulin, their oldest living World War I vet- or. under 20 years of age and they would have an Congratulations American Dream Chal- eran and one of the few remaining World War identification card with them. With the help I veterans in Orange County. lenge Committee and Dr. Irving Fradkin on of a really good education and a good job, I a mammoth undertaking and a commendable would be able to help keep many citizens of Jack, who is now 97 years young, enlisted start. The principal at C.V. Carroll School, the United States safe to walk the streets in the U.S. Army on April 8, 1918, and was Mr. Edward Campion, pledges his support for and safe in their homes because only respon- soon thereafter shipped to France with Com- this program and encourages his staff to par- sible people would be carrying guns and pany ``D'', 1st Pioneer Infantry. He participated ticipate and pledge for future years. knives. I would also make more laws such as in the Aisne-Marne campaign, and the Oise- BETSY COREY, having many more police officers on the 4th Grade Teacher. Aisne, and Meuse-Argonne offensives. street, and they would be checking for illegal After the armistice, Jack returned to his weapons and making sure no one was carry- WEAVING DREAMS—FOURTH-GRADERS TELL ing weapons without a proper reason or iden- hometown of Newburgh, NY, and joined the WHY TO STAY IN SCHOOL tification. New York National Guard. In 1921, this unit Here’s a sample of some of the essays writ- was transformed into the 132d Ammunition ten by Fall River fourth grade students who I would also make very strict laws about people who injure people with guns and Train. In April 1924, it was again ordered to won American Dream Challenge scholarships reorganize into a 75mm-artillery regiment. This in this year’s program: knives. They would be put in jail for seven years and if they did it again, they would be new unit was designated the 156th Field Artil- EDUCATION FOR ENVIRONMENT in jail for double the time. If they killed lery. John Doulin remained in service with My education can help me make a dif- someone, they would be in jail for the rest of these units until July 22, 1931. ference by helping other people. With dif- their lives. So if I can get a good education When America entered the Second World ferent education, people can help in different and job in the state House, I could probably ways: for an example, you can become a doc- make many non-violent laws so that by the War, Jack returned to service with the 56th tor, you can help people get well or become time I am 57 the United States will be so Regiment of the New York Guard, with whom a policeman or woman to help your commu- peaceful and safe and we might not need he served until peace in 1945. nity be safe. These are just a few of the thou- prisons or jails. Hopefully I can make a vio- In later years, Jack Doulin remainedÐas he sand things your education can help you do. lent-free home for me and my family and has always beenÐan outstanding community You can help the earth by becoming a sci- friends.—Shauna Williams. entist and study the earth and the sea. By leader, involved in many causes. As an active member of the Republican Committee, he that you can help all the earth, which will f help all the animals that will make the earth continued the struggle which he fought on the a better place to live. Or be president and bloody battlefields of France so many years RESPONSE TO GEN. DENNIS J. make peace with other countries. The most earlier: the fight for democracy, for good gov- important thing is to stay in schools. Some REIMER’S SUGGESTION THAT ernment, and for a free, just society. SEX-SEGREGATED TRAINING RE- kids think it’s cool to get out early, but it’s Jack had a special interest in getting young not! There’s always more to learn. Stay in TURN TO THE MILITARY school. It’s cool!!—Michelle Prevost, Domini- people involved in politics. During the 1960's, can Academy. many of our young people became dis- enchanted with our system. Jack waged a HELPING CHILDREN WILL MAKE A DIFFERENCE IN HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON THEIR LIVES, OTHERS one-man crusade to counter this dangerous OF TEXAS In my life I want to help children who need trend. With his tales of his experiences in what somebody to talk to. I hope I can do this be- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he always sardonically called ``the war to end cause I want to be known as someone who all wars,'' he painted a vivid portrait for our helps children. I want to prove to myself and Wednesday, February 5, 1997 young people of just how much was sacrificed others that I can make something of myself. by so many so that we can all be free. Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. I am very lucky to have a second chance in In the 1960's, John Doulin was appointed life, because I am adopted. I will use my edu- Mr. Speaker, as we enter the 21st century, it cation to help children who are not as fortu- is unacceptable for men to use human nature adult adviser to the Teenage Republicans in nate as I am. I want to let them know there and sexuality as an excuse for sexual crimes his hometown, and in this role displayed com- are people out there who care about them. I and gender discrimination. passion, understanding and respect for our can do this with a good college education. young people which unfortunately is often This is my dream. I want to become a chil- We cannot regress two decades of ad- rare, and which was greatly appreciated by dren’s psychologist or a counselor so I can vancement for women based on the inability of our young people who came to love him. make a difference in another child’s life, and some who cannot control their sexuality. My press secretary, who received his start mine.—Anne Bryant, St. Jean Baptiste Harsh disciplinary procedures must be en- in politics listening to Jack Doulin's vivid dis- School. acted in order to ensure that women have a courses on what has made our Nation great MAKING FRIENDS WITH ONE ANOTHER fair and equal opportunity to serve this Nation. and what responsibilities we all have to keep A good education will help me become a The separation of the sexes is not a solution better person by making friends. In school it great, has often told me that Jack was a we learn to care about one another. I can to the problem. Rather, General Reimer's sug- major influence on many of his generation make friends easy but I have to see if they gestion is a slap in the face to men because who remain activists to this day. have a good attitude or bad one. I can just it suggests that men operate solely on animal I urge my colleagues to join in congratulat- walk up and talk to a lonely friend, tell instinct. ing John C. Doulin on the occasion of this them a little idea about our country and Additionally, General Reimer's suggestion long-overdue tribute, and in extending our best they can tell a little about their country. I like to make friends. I made a lot of Cam- increases the problem because if men are wishes to his daughter, Jeanne Doulin Leo, bodian friends and American ones too. Some rarely in an environment with women, they will his son, John, Jr., and his grandchildren. It of my friends make me mad and I just walk never know how to interact with them. It is must be gratifying for them to realize that away, but they will come back and say sorry. time for women to be treated as equal peers many of us admire the remarkable patriarch of Then we become friends again. I like to be of men, and not as sexual objects. their family. E168 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 INTRODUCTION OF WELDON RESO- gional universities in the country, offering a IN AN EFFORT TO SETTLE A PAR- LUTION REAUTHORIZING A CITI- curriculumÐfrom accounting and finance, to TISAN SCORE, THE HOUSE SETS ZENS’ COMMISSION ON CONGRES- philosophy and theologyÐthat attracts top stu- A DANGEROUS PRECEDENT SIONAL ETHICS dents from around the country and around the world. The Cameron School of Business, HON. SUE MYRICK HON. CURT WELDON opened in 1980, leads the way in teaching OF NORTH CAROLINA OF PENNSYLVANIA Houston's future business elite. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Over the past 50 years, the University of St. Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Thomas has flourished because of its commit- Mrs. MYRICK. Mr. Speaker, I fear that the ment to not only education, but to the commu- Mr. WELDON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Speaker, passage of the resolution reprimanding Speak- nity. St. Thomas enriches Houston through a er GINGRICH has opened a Pandora's Box that I rise today to reintroduce a resolution to re- number of free lectures, exhibits, concerts, form ethics oversight in the House of Rep- may ultimately threaten the very integrity of and seminarsÐall open to the public. Through this noble institution. While I support the report resentatives. these events, the University of St. Thomas This measure would establish a 14-member of the Committee on Standards of Official has forged bonds to the community that can Conduct and the reprimand, I feel that the Commission on Congressional Ethics com- never be broken. posed of private citizens, while eliminating monetary reimbursement is excessively severe most responsibilities of the House Committee The University of St. Thomas has also led and sets a dangerous precedent in the name on Standards of Official Conduct. The resolu- our community in architectural excellence. The of political expedience. It will mean that only tion would grant the Commission power to in- main academic complex built in the 1960's is the wealthy will be able to afford to serve in vestigate Member and staff ethics violations, among the first works by world renowned ar- office. There is a problem that should be of greater sit and hold hearings, subpoena as authorized chitect Philip Johnson, who later designed concern to all of my colleagues. The ethics by the House, and report and recommend ac- much of the Houston skyline. It is only fitting process is in dire need of reform. We must all tions to enforce ethics to Committee on Stand- that as St. Thomas achieves its half century come together and create a swift, efficient, ards of Official Conduct. Not only will this re- mark that a new Johnson work, the Chapel of and fair new process. If we fail in this endeav- move Members' conflict of interest in policing St. Basil, will close out the complex. or, the American people will slip even farther their colleagues, but it will give people a As a member of the class of 1982, I take into the apathy that has gripped our political hands on role in shaping all the administrative great pride in commemorating 50 years of system for too long. operations of the House. The best way to re- achievement at the University of St. Thomas. form the People's House is to get more of the The people who have made St. Thomas what f people involved. it is deserve our praise and our thanks. ENGLISH MUST BECOME OUR The American people want change and are The community's pride in the University of OFFICIAL LANGUAGE demanding reform. It is time for us to act. This St. Thomas is reflected in the following edi- measure is not a complete solution to the pub- torial printed in the January 30 Houston HON. BOB STUMP lic confidence crises, nor the last word of re- Chronicle. OF ARIZONA form in this body. But it is a positive step in UST—FROM AN ACORN ON MONTROSE TO A IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the right direction. SPLENDID UNIVERSITY Wednesday, February 5, 1997 The recent investigation of the Speaker by the House Ethics Committee demonstrated the Since its humble founding 50 years ago, the Mr. STUMP. Mr. Speaker, the notion that conflict of interest and the difficulties that will University of St. Thomas has contributed our Government should address all citizens in much to the Houston community. arise when Members must police each other. English and encourage all citizens to learn the I believe this resolution will enable the process Nationally recognized as a top regional in- language seems simple common sense. This to work more effectively. stitution and one of the best buys in higher is the primary reason that when the issue has education, the University of St. Thomas has been voted on in statewide referendums, it During the 104th Congress we made great been the source of a fine education for thou- progress in the area of institutional reform. sands of students with its small classes and has not lost. California, Florida, Colorado, and This legislation will enable us to continue that quality professors. my own State of Arizona have all chosen to make English their official State language. The reform and to strengthen America's trust in But it has been more than just a university their elected representatives. I will press for of Houstonians. It also has given cultural bill I am introducing today, the Declaration of adoption of this proposal in the House. I look and intellectual enrichment to the commu- Official Language Act, follows State govern- forward to the support of all Members in this nity through its numerous public lectures, ments and localities in designating English as body. concerts and exhibits. the official language of our Federal Govern- f Fifty years ago the Basilian Fathers, with ment. It has the strong support of citizen orga- the help and hard work of a group of dedi- nizations such as English First and the Veter- CELEBRATING 50 YEARS OF THE cated laymen and laywomen, founded the ans of Foreign Wars as evidenced by their let- UNIVERSITY OF ST. THOMAS university on Montrose Boulevard as an ters of endorsement I have included for the independent, coeducational Catholic institu- RECORD. HON. KEN BENTSEN tion of higher learning. The freshman class Not only do many American people gen- numbered 40. There were only eight faculty erally agree on the matter, but so do our Na- OF TEXAS members. Today the University of St. Thom- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES as has an enrollment of 2,500 students and 200 tion's immigrants and language minorities. The Latino National Political Survey data released Wednesday, February 5, 1997 faculty. It offers 33 fields of study with a core curriculum in philosophy, theology, the on December 15, 1992, shows Hispanics, Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to honor humanities, social sciences, mathematics even recent immigrants, speak English and the University of St. Thomas in Houston, TX, and science. The campus has grown to 22 want their children to learn English. Hispanics for 50 years of excellence. As an alumnus, I acres, but the original building, the historic agreed by more than 90 percent that U.S. am proud of the many contributions the Uni- Link-Lee mansion, is still used. residents should learn English to take full ad- versity of St. Thomas has made to education A special dedicatory Mass on Friday marks vantage of the services afforded to them. As and to our community. the beginning of the university’s 50th anni- these immigrants know, English is the lan- Fifty years ago, the University of St. Thom- versary commemoration. guage of opportunity in America. as became the first independent, coeduca- From a small acorn, a thriving university Unfortunately, our Federal Government en- tional Catholic Basilian college in the United has grown, nourished through its commit- courages official bilingualism. The practice of States. Rev. Vincent J. Guinan presided over ment to instill a love for truth in its stu- producing Government documents in multiple dents. a freshman class of only 40 students and a languages assumes that being given trans- faculty of 8. Since then, the university has Bricks and mortar do not make a univer- lations of official Government documents eas- sity. People do. So as the University of St. grown over fortyfold, with an enrollment of Thomas begins commemorating its 50th an- ily helps those who do not speak English. This 2,500 students and 200 faculty. niversary, Houstonians should say well done logic goes against what bilingual individuals But the University of St. Thomas has not to all the men and women who have made know all too well. Providing a word-for-word just grown in enrollment, it has grown in im- the university the splendid place and com- translation of anything between two languages portance. It is recognized as one of the top re- munity asset that it is. is often impossible. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E169 One area that this is most evident is in bilin- sent letters to German Chancellor Helmut ticipated in the Mayors Task Force on Home- gual voting. The Voting Rights Act requires lo- Kohl, President Clinton, and Attorney General lessness. calities with populations over a certain propor- Janet Reno, asking that they obtain the names To be the first recipient of an award named tion of the population to provide all materials of these Nazi pensioners, and release them to for Mr. J. Erik Jonsson is a great honor in- in the language(s) of the affected populations, the proper American Government agencies, in deed. Mr. Jonsson was a mayor of Dallas even if the language does not have a written order to fully investigate the possibility of war from 1964 to 1971, and under his leadership, form. This opens the door to fraud and mis- criminals in our midst. There must be a full ac- a number of public buildings including the Dal- representation of issues by interpreters. Inac- counting. Yes, many of them are old, frail las/Fort Worth International Airport, city hall, curate bilingual voting materials are a costly men, who have lived peacefully in their re- and the Dallas Public Library were constructed burden on State and local governments, and spective neighborhoods for decades. Did they and improvements to the city's public schools is neither effective nor a low cost method of show the same respect for the millions in Eu- were made. Both Mr. Jonsson and Mr. Mead- ensuring anyone's right to vote. rope who also were old, frail, and living their ows have demonstrated the public virtue that Nothing in my legislation prevents a State, lives peacefully? I think we all know the an- this Ethics Award represents. Congratulations, locality, political party, or individual from pro- swer to that question. Mr. Meadows, and thank you for all that you viding multilingual voting assistance. Localities Thanks to the hard work of the Justice De- have done for Texas. will be free to adopt the approach that serves partment's Office of Special Investigations, as f their constituencies best. Given that bilingual well as some other prominent organizations, ballots have been both inaccurate and expen- we are beginning to uncover a trail of Nazi HONORING SAM NUNN sive, other approaches might be more helpful. war criminals among us. In fact, the OSI is Multilingual Government services such as finding and prosecuting Nazis at the rate of HON. JOHN LEWIS these are simply too costly in a nation in one per month. It is imperative therefore, that OF GEORGIA which more than 320 languages are spoken. It we have all the necessary information at our IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES only makes sense to designate one common disposal, so that we can continue to bring Wednesday, February 5, 1997 language for all official Government business. these murderers to justice. They have eluded That is why I am introducing this important Mr. LEWIS of Georgia. Mr. Speaker, today the authorities, and the moral outrage of their I am introducing legislation that would des- legislation. deeds, for over 50 years now, but we will no It is time the Government came to the same ignate the Atlanta Federal Center as the Sam longer allow that to continue. I strongly urge Nunn Federal Center, in honor of the former conclusion as the rest of the American people: my colleagues to join me in this endeavor, so English should be our official language. Eng- Senator from Georgia. that we may finally honor the memories of the I believe we all recognize the tremendous lish has enabled this Nation to be something Nazis' victims. Everyday, more and more Hol- unique in history, a true Nation of immigrants. accomplishments of Sam Nunn during his ocaust survivors leave this Earth, while their service in the U.S. Senate. Senator Nunn is English is the language of future opportunity former tormentors continue to live on, having for all our Nation's citizens. Official English is one of the true statesmen of that body and is never been held accountable for the horrible a source of pride to Georgia. Since my elec- really just common sense. deeds of the past. It's simply time to act now. f tion to Congress in 1986, I have had many op- Therefore, I call on the Government of Ger- portunities to work with Senator Nunn on sev- NAZI SS MEMBERS IN THE UNITED many to work with us in addressing and re- eral issues and often benefited from his expe- STATES solving this issue once and for allÐfor the sur- rience and support during the time that we vivors, for the victims, and for the future. They served together. HON. GARY L. ACKERMAN need to do the right thing. Since his election to the Senate in 1972, OF NEW YORK f Senator Nunn has served the State of Georgia IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES CURTIS W. MEADOWS, JR., RE- with honor and dedication. Senator Nunn Wednesday, February 5, 1997 CEIVES JONSSON ETHICS AWARD worked to become the Senate's foremost ex- pert on national security and international af- Mr. ACKERMAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today fairs. Senator Nunn served 8 years as the to bring a very serious and troubling affair to HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON chairman of the Senate Armed Services Com- the attention of my colleagues. Several news OF TEXAS mittee and retired as the ranking Democrat on reports, over the last couple of days, have un- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES both the Armed Service Committee and the covered an incredible story: The German Gov- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations. ernment is giving pensions to over 3,000 I have dedicated much time and effort in Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. former members of the Nazi Waffen SS support of the Atlanta Federal Center. When Mr. Speaker, I rise today to congratulate the Corps, living in the United States. Not extraor- Georgia Gov. Zell Miller approached me and first recipient of the J. Erik Jonsson Ethics dinary in and of itself, because these men re- asked my support for naming the Federal Award, Mr. Curtis W. Meadows, Jr. ceive their pensions as a result of their military Center after Senator Nunn, I thought the dedi- On October 22, 1996, Southern Methodist service during World War II, yet the question cation a fitting tribute to Senator Nunn. For University's Cary M. Maguire Center for Ethics that begs answering is: How many of these in- these reasons, I will work to see that the Fed- and Public Responsibility presented Mr. Mead- dividuals might be war criminals? The outrage eral Center soon bears the name of our ows this award for his commitment to philan- in this matter, is that the German Government former Senator, Senator Sam Nunn. thropy and to serving the needs of the Dallas may never have bothered to check. f At this same time, there are many Holo- community. Mr. Meadows was president and caust survivorsÐCatholics, Jews, and others director of Dallas' Meadows Foundation, one GIVE FANS A CHANCE ACT living in the United States and elsewhere in of the largest community foundations in the the worldÐwho have received very little in the United States, for 18 years between 1978 and HON. EARL BLUMENAUER 1996. The Foundation, created by Mr. Mead- way of compensation, and even scores of sur- OF OREGON ows' uncle Algur H. Meadows nearly 50 years viving victims who do not receive anything IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from the German Government. After the hor- ago, has made over $300 million in charitable Wednesday, February 5, 1997 rors and suffering they were forced to endure contributions to benefit health, education, arts during the war, how can we allow this addi- and culture, civic and public affairs, and Mr. BLUMENAUER. On Sunday, January tional measure of indignation? human services programs throughout Texas. 26, the Packers won the Superbowl. When Apparently, many of these former SS mem- Mr. Meadows has served on the boards of they returned home to Green Bay, their fans bers were able to enter the United States, and the National Council of Foundations, the Con- stood in freezing temperatures for hours to eventually gain citizenship, by falsifying their ference of Southwest Foundations, the Dallas catch a glimpse of their heroes. identities and lying about their wartime activi- Bar Foundations and on the advisory boards The Packers aren't an ordinary football ties. Many of them, however, have been living of more than 40 nonprofit organizations includ- team. Their fans aren't ordinary fans. And their in the United States for years now, some bold- ing the Dallas Citizens Council, Habitat for Hu- community isn't an ordinary communityÐbe- ly with the same names, the same identities, manity, and the Suicide and Crisis Center. He cause 1,915 residents of Green Bay and other the same blood on their hands. has served on the building committees for the ``Packer Backers'' own their football team. The Mr. Speaker, there is no excuse for that, Dallas Museum of Art and the Museum of Afri- Packers are a vital part of the glue that holds and it is simply unacceptable. Yesterday, I can-American Life and Culture, and has par- the Green Bay community together. E170 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 Together, these fans saved the team from Purpose: To require teams to consider the judgment, requires coverage for breast recon- bankruptcy. They have plowed profits from needs and interests of their communities in structive procedure, including symmetrical re- 175 consecutive sellouts directly back into the making relocation decisions. construction, ensures a second opinion for any Description: Requires a professional sports Packers. They cheered their team to 11 con- league, in considering whether to approve or cancer diagnosis, and offers significant phys- secutive championshipsÐand this year's disapprove the relocation of a member team, ical protections from inducement or retribution. Superbowl. to take into consideration several criteria; I want to first thank my colleagues in both The Green Bay Packers are unique, be- Fan loyalty; the degree to which the team the House and Senate that have worked so cause NFL rules prohibit any more public own- has engaged in good faith negotiations con- diligently on this legislation. Senators ership of teams. cerning terms and conditions under which D'AMATO, SNOWE, and FEINSTEIN, as well as Other communities should be able to invest the teams would continue to play its games Representatives SUSAN MOLINARI and FRANK in the home territory; the degree to which in their own livabilityÐto define what the com- LOBIONDO, are all part of this effort to restore munity wants of, and for, itself. Other commu- ownership of management of the team has contributed to a need to relocate; the extent the ability of doctors to practice sound medi- nities should be able to own the local sports to which the team benefits from public fi- cine and to restore compassion and dignity to team. nancing, either federal, state or local; the the treatment of breast cancer patients. That's why we should give fans a chance to adequacy of the stadium in which the team So why introduce this bill? I'll tell you why. own their teams by: Eliminating league rules played its home games in the previous sea- Tragically, some women who must undergo against public ownership of teams; requiring son and the willingness of the community to mastectomies, lumpectomies or lymph node teams to listen to their fans and the commu- make changes; the current financial stand- dissections for the treatment of breast cancer nity before movingÐa requirement which is ing of the team; whether there is another are rushed through their recovery from these found in existing league rules, but seems to team in either the home community or the procedures on an outpatient basis at the in- community to which the team will seek to receive little real attention; and tying the locate; whether the community is opposed to sistence of their health plan or insurance com- leagues' broadcast antitrust exemption to the the relocation; and whether there is a bona pany in order to cut cost. Other insurance requirements in this bill. This congressionally fide investor offering fair market value to companies cut cost by denying coverage for granted benefit allows teams to collaborate on purchase the team and keep it in the home reconstructive surgery because they have the purchase of national broadcast time. The community. deemed such procedures cosmetic. Ironically, NFL earned $1.2 billion on broadcast rights Expected Impact: All of the sports leagues they do not deny reconstructive surgery for an last year. will be expected to use these criteria in eval- ear lost to cancer. We must understand that This bill doesn't do anything new or radical: uating the movement of member teams. These criteria closely track current NFL self-image is at stake at a time when optimism It will allow more ownership structures like the policies under Section 4.3 of the Constitution and inner strength can be the difference be- Packers, the Boston Celtics, and the Florida and By-Laws (adopted in 1984). Case law tween life and death. Panthers. It will ensure that the leagues follow since the adoption of these policies suggest Furthermore, this bill requires coverage of their own rules when it comes to making deci- that these criteria help bolster the NFL’s second opinions when any cancer tests come sions about team relocations, and it will en- ability to evaluate franchise moves without back either negative or positive, giving all pa- sure that the sports leagues do not squander running afoul of antitrust law. tients the benefit of a second opinion. This im- the benefits they have gained under the sports Sec. 4. Opportunities for Communities to portant provision will not only help ensure that broadcasting anti-trust exemption. Purchase Team Purpose: To give communities a real op- false negatives are detected, but also give Community ownership strongly encourages portunity to purchase their team. men and women greater peace of mind. fan loyalty, financial stability, and strong TV Description: This section requires that a Now, to be clear, all insurance companies audiences at a time when fan loyalty is being team proposing to relocate give the affected are not so insensitive as to not provide these tested by franchise moves. It is in the long- home territory 180 days notice of the pro- benefits and, therefore, all will not be affected term, best interest of any professional league. posed move. During the 180 days notice pe- by this legislation. but we have a responsibility More importantly, it is in the long-term interest riod, a local government, stadium, arena au- to protect the doctor-patient relationship, en- of the communities who support them. thority, person, or any combination may suring that the medical needs of patients are I urge my colleagues to give fans a chance present a proposal to retain the team in the home territory. The local community may fully addressed. by supporting this legislation. also develop a proposal to induce the team to Everyone has heard that one in nine women SUMMARY: GIVE FANS A CHANCE ACT stay without actually purchasing the team. will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some Sec. 1: This Act is called the ‘‘Give Fans a As noted under section 3, both the team and point in their lifetime. Well, one of those Chance Act’’. Its purpose is to give commu- the league are required to carefully consider women is my sister. So I know a little some- nities the tools to invest in their own livabil- any proposals, and, if an ownership bid is thing about the horror that accompanies this ity by allowing them to purchase their home successful, the league may not oppose mem- disease and the personal anxiety of living with sports team. bership in the league based on the new own- Sec. 2: Allow Public Ownership of Teams the disease. ership structure. The team owner must pro- My sister and her experiences have made Purpose: To allow more communities the vide a written response to the offer, stating opportunities Green Bay, WI, has to own in detail any reasons why the offer was re- me realize that we should have no greater pri- their professional sports team. In addition, fused. ority than empowering those with breast can- to help the leagues by stemming the tide of Penalty: If the team and/or the league cer the right and ability to play an active role loyal fans who are no longer glued to their refuse to abide by these provisions, they will in the management of their treatment. It is our TV sets or stadium seats to watch their fa- lose the antitrust exemption under the obligation as leaders to ensure them that their vorite teams. Football fan loyalty is being Sports Broadcasting Act. medical treatment is in the hands of physi- tested by franchise moves and a proliferation Expected Impact: All Sports Leagues will cians, not insurance companies. It is a pro- of sports on specialty cable channels. If be required to give communities an oppor- those fans had a chance to own their own tunity to purchase a home team in the case found injustice when health care forgets about teams, they would invest more time and of proposed relocations. the patient, yet with regard to mastectomy re- money into their future. f covery and breast reconstruction following a Description: No professional sports league mastectomy, that is just what has been done. (football, hockey, or basketball) may have a INTRODUCTION OF THE WOMEN’S Let's put the reality of this disease in per- rule, policy, or agreement that forbids any HEALTH AND CANCER RIGHTS spective. When a woman is told that she has public ownership of teams, either by the gen- ACT OF 1997 breast cancer, the feeling that immediately fol- eral public or by any governmental entity. Penalty: If the League ignores this provi- lows the initial denial is lack of control. Our bill sion, it will lose its sports broadcast anti- HON. SUE W. KELLY is a patient's bill aimed at providing patients, trust exemption. The antitrust exemption al- OF NEW YORK in consultation with their physicians, a greater lows teams to collaborate to sell broadcast IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES degree of autonomy when deciding appro- rights, thus increasing their value dramati- priate medical care and, therefore, taking back cally. Wednesday, February 5, 1997 control of their lives. Expected Impact: The NFL is the only Mrs. KELLY. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to in- More than 21¤2 million women in America league that has specific rules forbidding pub- troduce the Women's Health and Cancer today are living with breast cancer. These lic ownership of sports teams (NFL Owner- ship Policies para. 2). The NFL earned $1.2 Rights Act of 1997, comprehensive legislation women are our sisters, mothers, daughters, billion as a result of the sport broadcast that guarantees coverage for inpatient hospital wives, and friends. This dreadful disease now anti-trust exemption in the 1995–1996 season. care following a mastectomy, lumpectomy, or strikes over 180,000 women per year and that Sec 3: Relocation of Teams lymph node dissectionÐbased on a doctor's figure does not even include the additional 20 February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E171 percent a year who have preinvasive cancers. KEEPING FOREIGN MONEY OUT OF Due to a loophole in the FECA, American Devastatingly to the families involved, it is esti- AMERICAN CAMPAIGNS subsidiaries of foreign-owned companies may mated that more than 44,000 women will die operate PAC'sÐthe only restriction being that of breast cancer this year. HON. MARCY KAPTUR the PAC cannot solicit funds from foreign na- But all the news is not grim. Overall breast OF OHIO tionals or permit them to be involved in the cancer mortality declined 5 percent between IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES policymaking decisions of the PAC. Con- 1989 and 1993 due to increased mammog- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 sequently, many of the world's largest foreign raphy screening and improved treatments multinational corporations and financial institu- Ms. KAPTUR. Mr. Speaker, news stories such as mastectomies, lumpectomies, and tions contribute to U.S. campaigns through about fundraising during the 1996 Presidential their U.S.-based subsidiaries. Through the cre- lymph node dissections. campaign focused increasing national atten- There is no doubt that we have the medical ation of these foreign-sponsored PAC's, for- tion on the overwhelming need for campaign eign companies can thus assert their influence know-how to fight breast cancer. The question finance reform, and particularly the role of for- is do we have the commitment it takes. on the U.S. election processÐand on U.S. eign money in U.S. campaigns. policy. As long as we send a woman home 12 The problem indeed is money. During the Consequently, administration of the FECA hours after losing a part of herself with no 1996 election, candidates for all Federal of- law has created a confusing system whereby compassion and no support, then the answer fices spent approximately $1.6 billion. That's it is illegal for individual foreign nationals to is no. ``B,'' as in billion. The pressure to raise huge make political contributions, yet legal for for- sums of money is so intense that some can- As long as breast reconstruction is deemed eign-controlled or foreign-owned corporations, didates from both parties, apparently have cosmetic, then the answer is no. subsidiaries, and trade associations to contrib- started looking abroad for new sources of As long as false negatives are acceptable ute, expend funds, and influence U.S. elec- and we, therefore, abandon a patient unknow- campaign contributions. Since 1990, no matter which party con- tions. The Federal Election Commission [FEC] ingly in need, then the answer is no. trolled Congress, I have sponsored legislation through its advisory opinions has twice voted As long as we fail to come to the defense that would ban foreign contributions to can- to exempt PAC's representing U.S. subsidi- of doctors who are persecuted for practicing didates for Federal office. Today, I'm reintro- aries of foreign-owned or controlled corpora- sound medicine, then the answer is no. ducing the Ethics in Foreign Lobbying Act of tions, as long as the PAC's are funded and Passage of the Women's Health and Can- 1997. operated by Americans. The FEC has asked cer Rights Act would demonstrate what we are My bill has three major points: Congress to enact legislation clarifying this lackingÐthe commitment to fight breast can- First, only U.S. citizens could contribute to issue, but Congress, to date, has refused to cer and stand up for those who are suffering. Federal campaigns. do so. In closing, I am pleased that President Clin- Federal law already purports to prohibit di- Third, contributors would be required to dis- ton emphasized the importance of this legisla- rect or indirect contributions by foreign nation- close the percentage of foreign ownership. tion in his State of the Union Address last als in U.S. elections. In fact, section 441e of The data collection and clearinghouse re- night. It is nice to have the administration be- the Federal Election Campaign Act [FECA] sponsibilities section of my bill is one of its hind this critical legislation. states: most important aspects, because of the cur- It shall be unlawful for a foreign national rent difficulty in identifying the activities of for- f directly or through any other person to eign nationals and corporations. The FEC has make any contributions of money or any no coherent system for tracking the millions of TRIBUTE TO YVONNE MARIE other thing of value, or to promise expressly dollars spent by foreign interests and their or impliedly to make any such contribution, PAC's on lobbying the U.S. Government. The TAYLOR in connection with an election to any politi- cal office or in connection with any primary current, disjointed data collection system pro- election, convention or caucus held to select vides a veil of secrecy over how and where HON. EDOLPHUS TOWNS candidates for any political office; or for any foreign interests spend their money. OF NEW YORK person to solicit, accept, or receive any such My bill would make this mysterious and in- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES contribution from a foreign national. adequate process both more transparent and This provision was enacted in response to more accountableÐwithout requiring new re- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 longstanding congressional concern over for- porting. My bill would merely add an extra line Mr. TOWNS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to eign influence in American elections. Though to the statement of organization that is cur- acknowledge the untimely death of Yvonne this language appears to be locktight, many rently required by the FEC. PAC's controlled Marie Taylor, who passed from this life much loopholes permit foreign influence on U.S. by corporations would be required to state the too quickly. She was the late wife of LeBaron elections, many foreign entities are not cov- percentage that the corporations are foreign- Taylor. ered by the statute, and there is a lack of en- owned, and PAC's sponsored by trade asso- Yvonne Taylor was born May 1, 1943 in De- forcement of the law. Congress must strength- ciations would be required to state the per- troit, MI to her loving parents, Charles and en and make sure the law is fully enforced. centage of their operating fund that is derived Eldora Ridley. She was reared in a strong Second, foreign-controlled companies would from foreign-owned corporations. In addition, it Christian environment and her faith guided her be prohibited from contributing to Federal would require that all data collected by Fed- every action. A graduate of Northwestern High elections through the PAC's of their U.S. sub- eral agencies on foreign campaign contribu- School in Detroit, she subsequently attended sidiaries. tions and foreign agents, as well as any testi- My bill would prohibit contributions from Central State University. mony before the Congress regarding the inter- PAC's sponsored by corporations that are ests of a foreign principal, be sent to the FEC. After returning to her native Detroit, she met more than 50-percent foreign owned, as well Most important, my bill would make the dis- and married LeBaron Taylor. During their 29- as contributions from PAC's sponsored by closure of related expenditures available and year marriage she was a faithful and loyal trade associations that derive 50 percent or visible at a central source by creating a clear- spouse. Yvonne was the consummate mother, more of their operating funds from foreign cor- inghouse for data that is currently collected, unceasingly dedicated to her two children, Eric porations. but is scattered among various Government and Tiffani. Foreign citizens are already prohibited from agencies, including the FEC and the Depart- Talent and a commitment to hard work were contributing to U.S. political campaigns. Yet, ment of Justice. the hallmark of Yvonne who worked as the ad- every year foreign interests spend millions of In establishing a clearinghouse, we would ministrative director of the Black Entertainment dollars to influence the American political proc- create a greatly needed central point for col- and Sports Lawyers Association. Her commu- ess. This money often comes in the form of lecting information. Most of the information is nity and civic affiliations included membership political action committee contributions from already available, but it is housed in a myriad in the South Jersey Chapter of Links, Inc., and foreign-controlled corporations or their trade of Federal agencies and offices. Bringing the For Women Only. associations. Just as foreign individuals are information together under one roof will pro- A member of Bethel AME Church in prohibited from contributing to U.S. cam- vide the Government, the Congress, and the Moorestown, NJ, Yvonne Taylor maintained paigns, so should be PAC's that are controlled public with improved access to the data. The strength and faith even during her most trying by foreign corporations and trade associations, timing requirement for reporting conforms with days. May the memory of her bright spirit sus- for, in fact, under U.S. law, corporations are the quarterly reports required in the 1946 For- tain her family and friends. considered persons. eign Lobbying Act. The reporting requirements E172 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 place the burden of reporting the percent of abuse disorders. Medicare expenditures in Whatever limitations exist for those benefits foreign ownership on the PAC's themselves, these areas for 1993 were estimated at $3.6 will also apply to mental health benefits. with penalties for noncompliance. billion or 2.7 percent of Medicare's total Let's not forget the small employers either. The United States is one of very few coun- spending. Over 80 percent of that cost was for If a company qualifies for the small employer tries that allows foreign interests to contribute inpatient hospitalization. exemption, the insurance companies will be to its campaigns. Most of our major trading In addition to the direct medical costs asso- able to set different, lower limits on the scope competitorsÐfor example, China, Japan, ciated with the treatment of mental illness, and duration of care for mental illness com- South Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, and Mex- there are significant social costs resulting from pared to other illness. This means that people icoÐall strictly forbid foreign campaign con- these disorders. Treatable mental and addict- suffering from depression may get less care tributions. There is no reason why the United ive disorders exact enormous human, social, and coverage than those suffering a heart at- States should be any different. and economic costsÐindividual suffering, tack. Yet, both illnesses are real. In the interest of protecting our sovereignty breakup of families, suicide, crime, violence, Additionally, access problems to mental and maintaining a political system that reflects homelessness, impaired performance at work, health benefits can result from these restric- the will of the American people, the United and partial or total disability. It is estimated tions. In general, about 50 percent of all health States since 1938 has attempted to restrain that mental and addictive disorders cost the plans limit mental illness coverage in some the ability of foreign governments, individuals, economy well over $300 billion annually. This form. Approximately 88 percent limit hos- organizations, and corporate entities to influ- includes productivity losses of $150 billion, pitalization to 30 to 60 days. Outpatient bene- ence our domestic political system. By amend- health care costs of $70 billion, and other fits are limited by visit or dollar amounts in ment, first to the FARA and later to the Fed- costs, e.g. criminal justice, of $80 billion. 85.5 percent of medium to large plans and 70 eral Election Campaign Act [FECA], the United Two to three percent of the population expe- percent of small plans. About 80 percent of all States has sought to prevent campaign con- rience severe mental illness disorders. Many plans limit inpatient care in some form and 99 tributions and expenditures by foreign inter- more suffer from milder forms of mental ill- percent of plans limit outpatient coverage. Access to equitable mental health treatment ests. ness. Roughly 1 out of 10 Americans suffer is essential. It can be done at a reasonable There is no reason to allow foreign money from alcoholism or alcohol abuse and 1 out of price. The increased costs in insurance pre- to influence our elections or permit foreign in- 30, from drug abuse. This population is very miums in the private sector is in the range of terests to buy access to our elected law- diverse. With appropriate treatment, the men- 3.2 to 4.0 percent. It is estimated that about makers and thereby put their imprint on public tal health problems of some people can be re- $2.50 per month is the cost of fully offsetting policy in this country. solved. Others have chronic problems that can the premium increase by an increase in the Mr. Speaker, clearly the time for campaign persist for decades. Indeed, there are those deductible. Two dollars and fifty cents is a finance reform has come. Our system needs who battle mental illness their entire lives. small price to pay for ending health care dis- to be fixed. We must eliminate foreign money Mental illness and substance abuse disorders come in many forms and include many dif- crimination. from our political system once and for all and Second, the diagnoses and treatment of ferent diagnoses as well as ranges in levels regain sovereignty in our election system, mental illness and substance abuse has and duration of disability. Still, these disorders which is the cornerstone of our democracy. changed dramatically since the Medicare ben- This time Congress must act and must get do not have full parity in coverage by insur- efit was designed. Treatment options are no it right. ance plans. longer limited to large public psychiatric hos- In the last congressional session, parity in f pitals. The great majority of people can be the treatment of mental illness was a widely treated on an outpatient basis, recover quickly, NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH and hotly debated issue. The final version of and return to productive lives. Even those who IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 1997 the Departments of Veterans Affairs and once would have been banished to the back Housing and Urban Development, and Inde- wards of large institutions can now live suc- pendent Agencies Appropriations Act, 1997 in- HON. FORTNEY PETE STARK cessfully in the community. But the Medicare OF CALIFORNIA cluded Title VIIÐParity in the Application of benefit package of today does not reflect the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Certain Limits to Mental Health Benefits. This many changes that have occurred in mental represents a start in creating solutions to ad- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 health care. dress a problem that has been ignored far too This bill would permit Medicare to pay for a Mr. STARK. Mr. Speaker, today I am intro- long. But it's not enough. The act essentially number of intensive community-based serv- ducing the National Mental Health Improve- states that if a health insurance plan or cov- ices. In addition to outpatient psychotherapy ment Act of 1997. This bill will provide parity erage does not include an aggregate lifetime and partial hospitalization that are already cov- in insurance coverage of mental illness and limit on substantially all medical and surgical ered, beneficiaries would also have access to improve mental health services available to benefits, the plan or coverage may not impose psychiatric rehabilitation, ambulatory detoxi- Medicare beneficiaries. It represents an ur- any aggregate annual or lifetime limit on men- fication, in-home services, day treatment for gently needed change in coverage to end dis- tal health benefits. Additionally, in the act, substance abuse, and day treatment for chil- crimination against those with mental illness ``mental health benefits'' refers to benefits with dren under age 19. In these programs, people and to reflect the contemporary methods of respect to mental health services, as defined can remain in their own homes while receiving providing mental health care and preventing under the terms of the plan or coverage, but services. These programs provide the struc- unnecessary hospitalizations. does not include benefits with respect to treat- ture and assistance that people need to func- My bill prohibits health plans from improving ment of substance abuse or chemical depend- tion on a daily basis and return to productive treatment limitations or financial requirements ency. lives. on coverage of mental illness, if similar limita- Furthermore, the Act included exemptions in They do so at a cost that is much less than tions or requirements are not imposed on cov- coverage requirements for small employers. If inpatient hospitalization. For example, the Na- erage of services for other health conditions. an employer has at least 2 but not more than tional Institute of Mental Health in 1993 esti- The bill also expands Medicare part A and 50 employees, they can be exempt from the mated that the cost of inpatient treatment for part B mental health and substance abuse new coverage requirement. Finally, if a group schizophrenia can run as high as $700 per benefits to include a wider array of settings in health plan experiences an increase in costs day, including medication. The average daily which services may be delivered. It eliminates of at least 1 percent, they can be exempted in cost of partial hospitalization in a community the current bias in the law toward delivering subsequent years. The inclusion of title VII mental health center is only about $90 per services in general hospitals by permitting into the VAÐHUD bill is important because it day. When community-based services are pro- services to be delivered in a variety of resi- represents a starting place. But now we must vided, inpatient hospitalizations will be less dential and community-based settings. do more. frequent and stays will be shorter. In many Through use of residential and community- My bill today addresses two fundamental cases, hospitalizations will be prevented alto- based services, costly inpatient hospitaliza- problems in both public, as well as private, gether. tions can be avoided. Services can instead be health care coverage of mental illness today. This bill will also make case management delivered in settings which are most appro- First, despite the prevalence and cost of un- available for those with severe mental illness priate to an individual's needs. treated mental illness, we still lack full parity or substance abuse disorders. People with se- In 1993, as a nation, we spent approxi- for treatment. The availability of treatment, as vere disorders often need help managing mately $67 billion for the treatment of mental well as the limits imposed, are now linked to many aspects of their lives. Case manage- illness and another $21 billion for substance coverage for all medical and surgical benefits. ment assists people with severe disorders by February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E173 making referrals to appropriate providers and The following ‘‘intensive residential serv- outstanding service to his community on the monitoring the services received to make sure ices’’ are covered for up to 120 days per year: occasion of his retirement. they are coordinated and meeting the bene- residential detoxification centers; crisis resi- Orvene Carpenter began his public service dential or mental illness treatment pro- ficiaries' needs. Case managers can also help grams; therapeutic family or group treat- over 50 years ago in the city of Port Hueneme beneficiaries in areas such as obtaining a job, ment home; and residential centers for sub- when he was appointed postal clerk. He was housing, or legal assistance. When services stance abuse. later elected to the city council and served for are coordinated through a case manager, the Additional days to complete treatment in 30 years, becoming the longest tenured chances of successful treatment are improved. an intensive residential setting may be used councilmember in the history of the city of Port For those who cannot be treated while living from inpatient hospital days, as long as 15 Hueneme. He was elected mayor in 1990. in their own homes, this bill will make several days are retained for inpatient hospitaliza- I have had the great pleasure of working residential treatment alternatives available. tion. The cost of providing the additional days of service, however, could not exceed with Mr. Carpenter for many years. During that These alternatives include residential detoxi- the actuarial value of days of inpatient serv- time he has been responsible for numerous fication centers, crisis residential programs, ices. accomplishments and outstanding progress in therapeutic family or group treatment homes, A facility must be legally authorized under the city of Port Hueneme. He will be missed and residential centers for substance abuse. State law to provide intensive residential greatly in both the government and civic are- Clinicians will no longer be limited to sending services or be accredited by an accreditation nas in which he was so active. their patients to inpatient hospitals. Treatment organization approved by the Secretary in His innumerable contributions will serve as can be provided in the specialized setting best consultation with the State. A facility must meet other requirements a legacy to his years of dedication. I want to suited to addressing the person's specific the Secretary may impose to assure quality congratulate him and wish him the very best problem. of services. in his retirement. Right now in psychiatric hospitals, benefits Services must be furnished in accordance f may be paid for 190 days in a person's life- with standards established by the Secretary time. This limit was originally established pri- for management of the services. Inpatient INTRODUCTION OF LEGISLATION marily in order to contain Federal costs. In hospitalization and intensive residential TO ALLOW PENALTY-FREE WITH- fact, CBO estimates that under modern treat- services would be subject to the same DRAWALS FROM CERTAIN RE- ment methods, only about 1.6 percent of Med- deductibles and copayment as inpatient hos- TIREMENT PLANS DURING PERI- pital services for physical disorders. icare enrollees hospitalized for mental dis- ODS OF UNEMPLOYMENT PART B PROVISIONS orders or substance abuse used more than Outpatient psychotherapy for children and 190 days of service over a 5-year period. the initial 5 outpatient visits for treatment HON. JIM McDERMOTT Under the provisions of this bill, bene- of mental illness or substance abuse of an in- OF WASHINGTON ficiaries who need inpatient hospitalization can dividual over age 18 have a 20% copayment. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be admitted to the type of hospital that can Subsequent therapy for adults would remain best provide treatment for his or her needs. In- subject to the 50% copayment. Wednesday, February 5, 1997 patient hospitalization would be covered for up The following intensive community-based Mr. McDERMOTT. Mr. Speaker, today I am services are available for 90 days per year to 60 days per year. The average length of introducing legislation that would allow people hospital stay for mental illness in 1995 for all with a 20% copayment (except as noted below): partial hospitalization; psychiatric to receive penalty-free withdrawals of funds populations was 11.5 days. Adolescents aver- rehabilitation; day treatment for substance from certain retirement plans during long peri- aged 12.2 days; 14.6 for children; 16.6 days abuse; day treatment under age 19; in home ods of unemployment. I am pleased that Rep- for older adolescents; 8.6 days for the aged services; case management; and ambulatory resentatives CHARLES RANGEL, ROBERT MAT- and disabled; 9.9 days for adults. A stay of 30 detoxification. SUI, JOHN LEWIS, RONALD DELLUMS, ESTEBAN Case management would be available with days or fewer is found in 93.5 percent of the TORRES, ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON, ROBERT cases. The 60-day limit, therefore, would ade- no copayment and for unlimited duration for ‘‘an adult with serious mental illness, a child RUSH, MAURICE HINCHEY, VIC FAZIO, ZOE quately cover inpatient hospitalization for the with a serious emotional disturbance, or an LOFGREN, EVA CLAYTON, and CHARLES CANADY vast majority of Medicare beneficiaries, while adult or child with a serious substance abuse have joined me as original cosponsors of this still providing some modest cost containment. disorder (as determined in accordance with legislation. Restructuring the benefit in this manner will criteria established by the Secretary).’’ This legislation would allow penalty-free level the playing field for psychiatric and gen- Day treatment for children under age 19 withdrawals from individual retirement ac- would be available for up to 180 days per eral hospitals. counts [IRA's] and qualified retirement plansÐ The bill I am introducing today is an impor- year. Additional days of service to complete 401(k) and 403(b))Ðif the taxpayer has re- tant step toward providing comprehensive cov- treatment can be used from intensive resi- ceived unemployment compensation for 12 erage for mental health. Further leveling the dential days. The cost of providing the addi- weeks under State or Federal law. Under the health care coverage playing field to include tional days of service, however, could not ex- legislation, the distribution of funds would have mental illness and timely treatment in appro- ceed the actuarial value of days of intensive to be made within 1 year of the date of unem- priate settings will lessen health care costs in residential services. A non-physician mental health or sub- ployment. the long run. These provisions will also lessen Under current law, when a taxpayer with- the social costs of crime, welfare, and lost pro- stance abuse professional is permitted to su- pervise the individualized plan of treatment draws money from an IRA or a qualified retire- ductivity to society. This bill will assure that to the extent permitted under State law. A ment plan before age 591¤2, he or she is the mental health needs of all Americans are physician remains responsible for the estab- forced to pay an additional 10 percent tax on no longer ignored. I urge my colleagues to join lishment and periodic review of the plan of the amount withdrawn. This additional tax is me in support of this bill. treatment. intended to recapture at least a portion of the Any program furnishing these services A summary of the bill follows: tax deferral benefits of these plans. This tax is TITLE I PROVISIONS (whether facility-based or freestanding) must be legally authorized under State law in addition to regular income taxes the tax- The bill prohibits health plans from impos- or accredited by an accreditation organiza- payer must pay as the funds are included in ing treatment limitations or financial re- tion approved by the Secretary in consulta- the taxpayer's income. The early-withdrawal quirements on coverage of mental illness if tion with the State. They must meet stand- similar limitations or requirements are not tax also serves as a deterrent against using ards established by the Secretary for the imposed on coverage of services for other the money in those accounts for nonretirement management of such services. conditions. purposes. The bill amends the tax code to impose a f The vetoed Balanced Budget Act of 1995 in- tax equal to 25 percent of the health plan’s cludes a provision which is the same as this premiums if health plans do not comply. The SALUTE TO ORVENE S. CARPENTER legislation with respect to withdrawals from tax applies only to those plans who are will- IRA's. This provision recognizes that when an fully negligent. individual or family is faced with long periods TITLE II PROVISIONS HON. ELTON GALLEGLY of unemployment, they may have no other The bill permits benefits to be paid for 60 OF CALIFORNIA choice but to draw upon these funds to meet days per year for inpatient hospital services IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES their everyday living expenses. During this fi- furnished primarily for the diagnosis or Wednesday, February 5, 1997 treatment of mental illness or substance nancially stressful time, an additional 10 per- abuse. The benefit is the same in both psy- Mr. GALLEGLY. Mr. Speaker, I would like to cent tax for early withdrawal is unfair and only chiatric and general hospitals. salute Orvene S. Carpenter for many years of serves to make the family's financial situation E174 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 worse. This legislation would accomplish the changes Federal budget accounting rules to protecting future generations from crushing goals of that provision by allowing penalty-free allow GSA to utilize a full range of financing debt. The President has said that balancing withdrawals during long periods of unemploy- mechanisms in meeting Federal office space the budget is his top priority. However, by stat- ment from IRA's as well as qualified retirement needs. Under current Federal budget ing that a balanced budget amendment could planÐ401(k) and 403(b)Ðaccounts. scorekeeping rules, which were established in lead to reductions in Social Security benefits, Many small businesses offer participation in the 1990 Budget Act, the entire cost of a Fed- he has been using scare tactics to avoid com- 401(k) plans, thus, this amendment would help eral construction project or building purchase, mitting to a balanced budget. unemployed people who at the time of separa- must be scored in the first year of the project, Mr. Speaker, I know that Clinton's assertion tion from employment chose to leave their rather than amortized over the actual con- is not true. In fact, our skyrocketing debt is the 401(k) funds with their former employer. Then, struction period, or over the expected life of a real threat to Social Security. The further we because of unanticipated long periods of un- purchased building. For leases, the rules re- go into debt, the harder it will be for the Fed- employment, need access to those funds. Ac- quire that only the annual rent costs be eral Government to meet its Social Security cordingly, many small businesses would bene- scored. The end result is that operating leases commitment to today's and tomorrow's sen- fit from this amendment. In addition, employ- have become the most attractive vehicle for iors. The best way to protect Social Security ees who are laid off from their former employ- GSA, the Federal Government's real estate for future generations is by passing a bal- ment may need access to those funds in order arm, to meet the housing needs of Federal anced budget amendment. I find it unfortunate to start up their own small business. State and agenciesÐeven though in the long term it is that the President has chosen to oppose our local government employees who are dis- the most costly. bipartisan effort to improve the American peo- placed through downsizing, also may need ac- Specifically, the bill amends the Public ple's quality of life by standing in our way cess to the funds in their 403(b) plans for simi- Buildings Act of 1959 to treat Federal real es- once again. American families can balance lar purposes. tate transactions in the same manner they their budgets, State and local governments The benefit this legislation would offer the wee treated prior to the implementation of the balance their budgets, and so must the Fed- long-term unemployed is the right thing to do 1990 Budget Act. The bill would allow GSA to eral Government. in this period of economic uncertainty. You utilize alternative financing mechanisms, such f can plan for many things in your life finan- as lease-purchases or time financing. In 1975 GSA's leasing budget was $388 RESPONSIBLE REPEAL OF THE cially, but the impact of long, unanticipated pe- ETHANOL TAX riods of unemployment can create financial million. In 1996 GSA spent more than $2.5 bil- havoc on any individual or family, including lion on Federal leases. A December 1989 re- those that thought they had adequate savings port issued by GAO analyzed 43 projects that HON. KEN BENTSEN to get them through such a situation. Long pe- GSA might have undertaken if capital financ- OF TEXAS riods of unemployment are similar to major ill- ing were available to replace space that GSA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nesses that can result in catastrophic medical would otherwise lease. GAO estimated that, Wednesday, February 5, 1997 over a 30-year period, constructing the 43 expenses. Under current law, taxpayers are Mr. BENTSEN. Mr. Speaker, I rise to intro- projects instead of leasing, would have saved allowed penalty-free early withdrawals from duce legislation to eliminate the ethanol sub- qualified retirement plans to meet catastrophic taxpayers $12 billion. Financing by lease purchase is inappropri- sidy. This legislation is good fiscal policy, good medical expenses, therefore, it makes sense ately being compared by OMB to direct Fed- agriculture policy, good environmental policy, to extend this benefit in cases of long periods eral construction, when the correct comparison and good energy policy, and I urge my col- of unemployment. should be with the cost of long-term leasing. leagues to join me as cosponsors. Passage of this legislation would allow un- The ethanol subsidy was established to help My goal is to ensure that GSA has all the fi- employed taxpayers a chance to get back on address the Nation's energy needs during the nancing tools available to the private sector. their feet without having to pay an unneces- oil crisis of the 1970's. Unfortunately it is a Currently GSA does not have the ability to get sary financial penalty when they can least af- program that has proven to be woefully inad- the best possible deal for the taxpayerÐbe- ford it. equate. According to the Treasury Depart- cause of the scoring rules. GAS should be f ment, the ethanol subsidy cost the American able to, on a project by project basis, deter- taxpayers over $5.3 billion from 1983±94. The mine the most cost effective and efficient way LEGISLATION TO CHANGE BUDGET ethanol tax subsidy costs the Federal highway to finance a particular Federal real estate SCOREKEEPING RULES trust fund $850 million each yearÐand the transaction. My bill will give GSA this ability. In revenue drain is increasing. Ethanol receives the long term, this legislation will save the tax- HON. JAMES A. TRAFICANT, JR. a 54 cents per gallon Federal tax subsidy on payer hundreds of millions of dollars. I urge OF OHIO some 1.6 billion gallons of ethanol produced my colleagues to support the bill. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES per yearÐwith an additional 10 cents per gal- f Wednesday, February 5, 1997 lon for small producers and from 10 to 80 THE BALANCED BUDGET cents per gallon more from various States. But Mr. TRAFICANT. Mr. Speaker, today I am AMENDMENT we have seen few benefits for this huge ex- introducing legislation to change the current pense. In fact, a close examination of the eth- budget scorekeeping rules as they relate to HON. RON PACKARD anol subsidy shows that it not only has failed Federal real estate transactions. The bill is to live up to its billing, it has several negative identical to legislation I introduced in the 103d OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES consequences: and 104th Congresses. I originally introduced Ethanol yields significantly less energy than Wednesday, February 5, 1997 the bill in response to hearings I held during gasoline. Per gallon, ethanol yields about the 103d Congress, when I served as chair- Mr. PACKARD. Mr. Speaker, the balanced 76,000 Btu, while gasoline yields between man of the Public Works and Transportation budget amendment is the only foolproof way 109,000 to 119,000 Btu. This means that etha- Subcommittee on Public Buildings and to guarantee the deficit continues on a perma- nol provides only about two-thirds to three- Grounds. The hearings focused on the way in nently downward path to zero. But more than quarters as much energy and mileage as con- which the Office of Management and Budget that, a balanced budget amendment is good ventional gasoline. scores Federal real estate transactions. The for America's families. It means reduced inter- Ethanol tax subsidies harm beef and dairy hearings underscored previous findings by the est rates and a lower cost of living for all industries. Ethanol production competes with General Accounting Office that the Federal Americans. A home, a car, and a college edu- traditional feed grain customers for corn, driv- Government is wasting hundreds of millions of cation will become more affordable than ever. ing the price of feedstocks up for the cattle in- dollars a year in unnecessary long-term In my district, a family with the median-priced dustry and raising consumer prices for meat leases. The waste is due primarily to the fact home would save about $3,600 each year, and dairy products. that current budget scorekeeping rules prevent based on a 30-year mortgage. Families could While ethanol does help reduce carbon the General Services Administration from pur- keep an extra $2,200 on a student loan and monoxide emissions, it can increase ground suing a full range of financing options to meet $900 on an average-priced car loan. These level ozone, especially in hot summer weath- the Federal Government's office space needs. extra dollars can be spent on your future and er. This is because ethanol makes gasoline These practices continue to this day. that of your children. evaporate more easily. My legislation has received strong bipartisan The balanced budget amendment will also Corn-based ethanol has had dubious results support in the past two Congresses. The bill safeguard Social Security and Medicare while as an alternative fuel additive, and it is now February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E175 time to let this program stand without taxpayer considered the best girl high school basketball Advocacy YWCA of the USA; Dr. Prema support. player in the United States, senior guard-for- Mathai-Davis, executive director, YWCA of the Proponents of energy subsidies and man- ward from Frederick, MD, Nikki Teasley. USA and Benita Fitzgerald Mosley, director, dates say that they are needed to improve the On the 25th anniversary of title IX, we Women's Sports Foundation. Every day they environment, enhance energy security, spur pause to reflect on what we have accom- make it possible for young women to improve economic development, and replace dwindling plished in the past, and the work that we must their health, self esteem, leadership skills and supplies of oil. However, this subsidy has do for the future. There is no doubt in my academics. proven to be both expensive and ineffective. mind that title IX has been successful in ex- As the 25th anniversary of the passage of Eliminating the ethanol subsidy is a positive panding opportunities for women in athletics. title IX, this National Girls and Women in beginning to balancing the budget and is a re- We have made great strides toward increasing Sports Day marks a particularly significant sponsible choice for the taxpayers of this the numbers of women and girls in competitive event in the history of women in sports. Since country. I urge my colleagues to cosponsor athletics at the high school and college levels. title IX, the law prohibiting sex discrimination this legislation. Before title IX, women represented only 2 per- in federally-funded institutions, was enacted, f cent of the Nation's college varsity athletes. women's participation in school athletic pro- Twenty-five years later, women represent 35 grams has greatly increased. This increase NATIONAL WOMEN AND GIRLS IN percent of college athletes nationwide. The has benefitted young women. Young women SPORTS DAY, FEBRUARY 6, 1997 door to athletic opportunities, however, has who play sports are more likely to graduate only partially opened for women. Title IX's from high school, and less likely to use drugs HON. CONSTANCE A. MORELLA goal of bringing equal opportunity in sports to or have an unintended pregnancy. They reap OF MARYLAND women and girls has yet to be realized. At multiple health benefits from athletic participa- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES schools that belong to the National Collegiate tion, including a 40±60 percent decrease in Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Athletic Association [NCAA], women account their risk of breast cancer. In addition, athletic for 53 percent of the college students, but only participation helps improve self-esteem and Mrs. MORELLA. Mr. Speaker, I rise to pay 36 percent of the college athletes. discipline. tribute to the growing numbers of girls and I applaud the distinguished athletes who I ask my colleagues to join me in recogniz- women in sports whose achievements will be have gathered in Washington, DC, to cele- ing these women, and all women who partici- celebrated across the Nation on February 6, brate National Women and Girls in Sports pate in National Girls and Women in Sports 1997, the 11th annual National Girls and Day, for they all are long distance runners for Day. Women in Sports Day [NGWSD]. In Washing- equality and social justice that has afforded f ton, DC, there will be a 2-mile fitness walk on women and girls the benefits of competitive the Mall followed by a luncheon on Capitol Hill sports. NATIONAL GIRLS AND WOMEN IN where athletes will be recognized by Members f SPORTS DAY of Congress. Track and field star Lillian Green-Chamber- IN RECOGNITION OF NATIONAL HON. ELEANOR HOLMES NORTON lain is among the athletes participating in the GIRLS AND WOMEN IN SPORTS OF DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA DAYS celebration in Washington, DC. Dr. Greene- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Chamberlain holds a number of firsts. She was the first national champion in 800 meters, HON. JAMES P. MORAN Wednesday, February 5, 1997 long before it became an Olympic event, and OF VIRGINIA Ms. NORTON. Mr. Speaker, tomorrow we she was the first African-American to rep- IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES will recognize the achievements of women and resent the United States in international mid- girls in an important area that has been tradi- dle distance running. She was the first and Wednesday, February 5, 1997 tionally dominated by men: sports. As part of only woman and American to serve as the di- Mr. MORAN. Mr. Speaker, I rise today in the 11th Annual National Girls and Women in rector of the Physical Education and Sports recognition of the 15 million girls and women Sports Day, many women, athletes and mem- Program for the 161 member nations of the who will be participating in the 11th Annual bers of Congress will be celebrating the ath- Paris-headquartered U.N. Educational, Sci- National Girls and Women in Sports Day. Na- letic accomplishments of women. entific, and Cultural Organization [UNESCO]. tional Girls and Women in Sports Day will be As cochair of the Congressional Caucus for In addition, Dr. Green-Chamberlain has been celebrated throughout the United States on Women's Issues, I am proud to have the op- a leader in developing health, education, phys- February 6, 1997. portunity to spotlight women's activity in an ical fitness, recreation, and sports programs Sponsored by Girls Inc., Girl Scouts of the area where they have often been overlooked. nationally and internationally for more than 28 USA, National Association of Girls & Women The majority of media coverage focusing on years. I am proud that this All-American in Sports, Women's Sports Foundation, and sports coverage goes to men's sports. While a woman is from Silver Spring, MD. YWCA of the USA, National Girls and Women recent study found that 94 percent of local tel- Also participating in the activities in Wash- in Sports Day celebrates the participation of evision news sports coverage goes to men's ington, DC is award-winning canoeist Jennifer women in sports and honors the memory of sports, women's sports get 5 percent of the Hearn. This outstanding athlete was the 1993 Olympic volleyball silver medalist Flo Hyman, coverage. U.S. Olympic Festival Champion in whitewater who died suddenly during a match in Japan. Unfortunately, one of the results of this low slalom kayaking and the 1995 Olympic Fes- In her honor, the Women's Sports Foundation level of media coverage is insufficient financial tival slalom team champion. She placed fifth in honors a female athlete on National Girls and support of women's sports in universities the 1993 U.S. National Championships, and Women in Sports Day who exemplifies the across the United States. Less than 24 per- won a silver for the women's slalom kayak commitment, integrity, and superior athletic cent of college sport operating budgets and team event in the 1990 Pre-Worlds. In 1994 ability of Flo Hyman. This year the award will less than 18 percent of athletic recruiting dol- and 1995, she was sixth on the U.S. National go to legend Billie Jean King for her commit- lars are allocated to women's sports. This is Team, and has also finished among the top 30 ment to women's rights and her renown as an despite the fact that women are as athletic in two World Cups. Again, I am proud to re- international tennis champion. and as talented in sports as men, and that port that Jennifer Hearn is from Bethesda, As a cosponsor of this congressionally es- women and girls involved in sports have great- MD. tablished event, I would like to give special er self-esteem and do better in school than The next time I hear someone say, ``You recognition to seven women who have helped those who do not participate in sports. run or throw like a girl,'' I'm going to ask, to make this event possible, and who have By participating in sports, women and girls ``Which girl?'' Maybe they mean the women's made such a difference in the lives of young learn how to work as a team and to strive to world record holder in the 440-yard dash in women all over the United States. They are: achieve a desired goal, skills vital to succeed- 1961, Lillian Greene-Chamberlain. Or do they Regina Montoya, president, board of directors ing in any career. Many women also choose mean the young woman, also from Silver of Girls Inc.; Elinor J. Ferdon, national presi- sports as a career, including returning to high Spring, who, during the 1996 Summer Olym- dent, Girl Scouts of the USA; Dr. Sue Durrant, school or universities to coach young athletes. pics, helped the U.S. women win their first president, National Association for Girls & Yet even here women are not equal to men. team gold in gymnastics, and won an individ- Women in Sports; Donna Lopiano, executive According to a recent survey of head coaches ual bronze medal, Dominique Dawes? Per- director, Women's Sports Foundation; Dr. of Division I basketball teams, head coaches haps they mean the young woman who is Alpha Alexander, director, Health in Sports of women basketball teams average only 59 E176 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 percent of the base salary of head coaches of National Girls and Women in Sports Day Mr. Speaker, I ask all of my colleagues to men's basketball. [NGWSD] is celebrated in New Hampshire join me in supporting the 11th annual National This disparity in women's pay in many fields and all across the country during the first Girls and Women in Sports Day. is the reason I introduced the Fair Pay Act Thursday of every February. It is organized by that would prohibit discrimination in the pay- Girl Scouts of the USA, Girls Inc., the National f ment of wages on account of sex, race or na- Association for Girls and Women in Sport, the tional origin. While this law will help prevent Women's Sports Foundation, and the YWCA RECOGNITION OF NATIONAL GIRLS discrimination in the pay of the women work- of the USA. AND WOMEN IN SPORTS DAY ing in sports, it will not get them the recogni- The First NGWSD was organized to honor tion women athletes deserve. As an accom- Flo Hyman, the Olympic volleyball champion HON. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON plished women's basketball coach has said in who brought women's volleyball in the United a recent interview, ``It is really frustrating to OF TEXAS States to the forefront in 1984. That's when have a championship team and get two-inch IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES she helped lead the American team to a silver stories in the paper while some average men's medal at the Los Angeles Olympics. Flo Wednesday, February 5, 1997 team gets pages written about them.'' This is slowlyÐtoo slowlyÐchanging. It is my hope Hyman died suddenly while playing volleyball Ms. EDDIE BERNICE JOHNSON of Texas. that tomorrow's events commemorating Na- in Japan in 1986. She was found to have had Mr. Speaker, I rise today in recognition of the tional Girls and Women in Sports Day will, by Marfan syndrome, a connective tissue disorder 11th Annual National Girls and Women in its own recognition, help women gain equality that led to a faulty aorta. Annually, the Wom- Sports Day, Thursday, February 6, 1997. This in sports. en's Sports Foundation's Flo Hyman Award is day has been set aside to show the Nation's presented to a female athlete who exemplifies f commitment to promoting the physical well- dignity, spirit, and commitment to excellence in being and mental health of women and girls IN HONOR OF NATIONAL GIRLS women's athletics. through physical activity. AND WOMEN IN SPORTS DAY Indeed, women's athletics are one of the National Girls and Women in Sports Day is most effective avenues available for women of instrumental in encouraging females of all HON. CHARLES F. BASS the United States to develop self-discipline, ages to participate in sports. Regular exercise OF NEW HAMPSHIRE initiative, confidence, and leadership skills. increases physical condition by lowering levels IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES While in the past there has been little national of blood sugar, cholesterol, and blood pres- Wednesday, February 5, 1997 recognition of the significance of women's ath- sure. In addition, sports has been shown to letic achievements, we are starting to see the help women feel greater confidence, self es- Mr. BASS. Mr. Speaker, I rise today to join opposite occur. Routinely, you will find larger teem and pride. my colleagues in commemorating February 6, crowds as women's college basketball games As the celebration of Black History month 1997, as National Girls and Women in Sports and the new women's professional basketball begins, it is my hope that this day will open Day. games will be carried on nationwide television. the eyes of many African-American women Mr. Speaker, who can forget the thrill of These occurrences can only serve to encour- seeing the U.S. women's Olympic gymnastics who are twice as likely to be overweight as age young girls to become involved in sports team win the gold medal in Atlanta last year? white women and 20 percent less likely to ex- at early age. This type of involvement in ath- There is also much enthusiasm about the es- ercise regularly. Compared to white Ameri- letics, however, has less to do with recognition tablishment of not one but two women's pro- cans, African-Americans under the age of 64 than with promoting lifelong habits of physical fessional basketball leagues. What ties to- are 10 percent more likely to get heart dis- fitness. gether these accomplishments are how they ease, 30 percent more likely to have diabetes, inspire young women across America to be- I am very proud of the many fine women and over 50 percent more likely to suffer from come involved in sports activities, to get in the athletes at our schools in New Hampshire. We hypertension. game. all read about their accomplishments in the Mr. Speaker, I would like for my participa- That's the motto behind the 1997 National newspapers every week. National Girls and tion in today's events to serve as a model of Girls and Women in Sports Day. I'm proud to Women in Sports Day serves to remind us the dedication to physical fitness that should be an honorary cosponsor of this 11th annual that we should encourage athletic participation be exhibited by other women, particularly Afri- event. A bipartisan group of Members of Con- and competition for women of all ages, espe- can-American women. Finally, I would like to gress and Senators support an early morning cially in the formative years. It is my hope that applaud the organizations whose combined ef- walk on the Washington Mall to highlight the we see more girls and young women get in forts made this day possible: Girl Scouts, Girls achievements of women athletes and draw at- the game this year. After all, our children, girls Inc., the National Association for Girls and tention to the importance of sports and fitness and boys, need strong bodies as well as Women in Sport, the Women Sports Founda- activities for all girls and women. strong minds. tion, and the YWCA. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks E177 SENATE COMMITTEE MEETINGS 10 a.m. 2:00 p.m. Finance Environment and Public Works Title IV of Senate Resolution 4, To hold hearings on the final report of Transportation and Infrastructure Sub- agreed to by the Senate on February 4, the Advisory Commission to Study the committee 1977, calls for establishment of a sys- Consumer Price Index. To hold hearings on the implementation tem for a computerized schedule of all SD–215 of the Intermodal Surface Transpor- meetings and hearings of Senate com- tation Efficiency Act and transpor- mittees, subcommittees, joint commit- FEBRUARY 12 tation trends, infrastructure funding tees, and committees of conference. 9:30 a.m. requirements, and transportation’s im- Energy and Natural Resources pact on the economy. This title requires all such committees SD–406 to notify the Office of the Senate Daily Business meeting, to consider pending calendar business. Digest—designated by the Rules Com- SD–366 FEBRUARY 25 mittee—of the time, place, and purpose Environment and Public Works 9:00 a.m. of the meetings, when scheduled, and To hold hearings on the ozone and partic- Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry any cancellations or changes in the ulate matter standards proposed by the To hold hearings to examine the impact meetings as they occur. Environmental Protection Agency. of estate taxes on farmers. As an additional procedure along SD–406 SR–332 Governmental Affairs with the computerization of this infor- International Security, Proliferation and FEBRUARY 26 mation, the Office of the Senate Daily Federal Services Subcommittee Digest will prepare this information for 9:00 a.m. To hold hearings on the future of nuclear Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry printing in the Extensions of Remarks deterrence. To hold hearings to examine the impact section of the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD SD–342 of capital gains taxes on farmers. on Monday and Wednesday of each Labor and Human Resources SR–332 week. To hold hearings on the implementation 9:30 a.m. of the Teamwork for Employees and Environment and Public Works Meetings scheduled for Thursday, Managers Act (TEAM). February 6, 1997, may be found in the Transportation and Infrastructure Sub- SD–430 committee Daily Digest of today’s RECORD. Small Business To resume hearings on proposed legisla- To hold hearings on the President’s tion authorizing funds for programs of MEETINGS SCHEDULED budget request for fiscal year 1998 for the Intermodal Surface Transportation the Small Business Administration. Efficiency Act. SR–428A FEBRUARY 7 SD–406 10:00 a.m. Labor and Human Resources 9:30 a.m. Finance Business meeting, to consider pending Joint Economic To hold hearings on the Administration’s To hold hearings to examine the employ- calendar business. budget and revenue proposals for fiscal SD–430 ment-unemployment situation for Jan- year 1998. uary and the Consumer Price Index SD–215 (CPI). FEBRUARY 27 1334 Longworth Building 9:30 a.m. FEBRUARY 13 10:00 a.m. Labor and Human Resources Budget 9:00 a.m. To hold hearings on proposed legislation To hold hearings on the President’s pro- Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry authorizing funds for programs of the posed budget for fiscal year 1998. To resume hearings on proposals to re- Higher Education Act. SD–608 form the Commodity Exchange Act. SD–430 SR–332 10:00 a.m. FEBRUARY 10 9:30 a.m. Armed Services 2:00 p.m. Labor and Human Resources To hold hearings concerning the Depart- Budget Employment and Training Subcommittee ment of Defense actions pertaining to To resume hearings on the President’s To resume hearings to examine proposals Persian Gulf illnesses. proposed budget for fiscal year 1998. to reform the Fair Labor Standards SD–106 SD–608 Act, focusing on S. 4, to provide to pri- Joint Economic vate sector employees the same oppor- MARCH 5 tunities for time-and-a-half compen- To hold hearings on the 1997 Economic 9:00 a.m. satory time off, biweekly work pro- Report of the President. Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry grams, and flexible credit hour pro- 2359 Rayburn Building To hold hearings to examine the Depart- grams as Federal employees currently ment of Agriculture’s business plan enjoy to help balance the demands and FEBRUARY 11 and reorganization management pro- needs of work and family, to clarify the 9:00 a.m. posals. provisions relating to exemptions of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry SR–332 To hold hearings on proposals to reform certain professionals from the mini- mum wage and overtime requirements the Commodity Exchange Act. MARCH 6 SR–332 of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 9:30 a.m. 9:30 a.m. 1938. Veterans’ Affairs Labor and Human Resources SD–430 To hold joint hearings with the House To hold oversight hearings on the imple- Small Business Committee on Veterans’ Affairs on the mentation of the Health Insurance To hold hearings on the nomination of legislative recommendations of the Portability and Accountability Act Aida Alvarez, of New York, to be Ad- (P.L. 104–191). ministrator of the Small Business Ad- Paralyzed Veterans of America, the SD–430 ministration. Jewish War Veterans, the Retired Offi- Rules and Administration SR–428A cers Association, the Association of the Business meeting, to mark up proposed 10:00 a.m. U.S. Army, the Non-Commissioned Of- legislation authorizing biennial ex- Finance ficers Association, the Military Order penditures by standing, select, and spe- To hold hearings on the Administration’s of the Purple Heart, and the Blinded cial committees of the Senate, and to budget for fiscal year 1998, focusing on Veterans Association. consider other pending legislative and Medicare, Medicaid and welfare propos- 345 Cannon Building administrative business. als. SR–301 SD–215 MARCH 11 Veterans’ Affairs Foreign Relations 9:00 a.m. To hold joint hearings with the House To hold hearings on the nomination of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Committee on Veterans’ Affairs on the Pete Peterson, of Florida, to be Ambas- To hold hearings on proposed legislation legislative recommendations of the sador to the Socialist Republic of Viet- authorizing funds for agricultural re- Veterans of Foreign Wars. nam. search. 345 Cannon Building SD–419 SR–332 E178 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — Extensions of Remarks February 5, 1997 MARCH 13 MARCH 19 9:30 a.m. 9:00 a.m. 9:30 a.m. Veterans’ Affairs Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry Veterans’ Affairs To hold joint hearings with the House To resume hearings on proposed legisla- To hold joint hearings with the House Committee on Veterans’ Affairs on the legislative recommendations of tion authorizing funds for agricultural Committee on Veterans’ Affairs on the AMVETS, the American Ex-Prisoners research. legislative recommendations of the of War, the Veterans of World War I, SR–332 Disabled American Veterans. and the Vietnam Veterans of America. 345 Cannon Building 345 Cannon Building MARCH 18 9:00 a.m. MARCH 20 Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry 9:00 a.m. CANCELLATIONS To resume hearings on proposed legisla- Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry tion authorizing funds for agricultural To resume hearings on proposed legisla- FEBRUARY 6 research. tion authorizing funds for agricultural 2:30 p.m. SR–332 research. Select on Intelligence SR–332 Closed business meeting, on intelligence matters. SH–219 Wednesday, February 5, 1997 Daily Digest

HIGHLIGHTS The House passed H.R. 499, to designate the ‘‘Frank M. Tejeda Post Of- fice Building’’ in San Antonio, Texas. Senate Routine lists in the Air Force, Army, Navy, and Chamber Action Coast Guard. Pages S1046±47 Routine Proceedings, pages S981–S1047 Nomination Withdrawn: Senate received notifica- Measures Introduced: Eighteen bills and two reso- tion of the withdrawal of the following nomination: lutions were introduced, as follows: S. 263–280, S. Sophia H. Hall, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Res. 50, and S. Con. Res. 5. Pages S1017±18 Board of Directors of the State Justice Institute for Measures Reported: Reports were made as follows: a term expiring September 17, 2002. Page S1047 S. 279, to amend the Internal Revenue Code of Measures Referred: Page S1016 1986 to reinstate the Airport and Airway Trust Communications: Pages S1016±17 Fund excise taxes. (S. Rept. No. 105–4) Page S1017 Balanced Budget Constitutional Amendment: Executive Reports of Committees: Page S1017 Senate began consideration of S.J. Res. 1, proposing Statements on Introduced Bills: Pages S1018±27 an amendment to the Constitution of the United Additional Cosponsors: Page S1027 States to require a balanced budget. Pages S994±S1015 Senate will continue consideration of the resolu- Authority for Committees: Pages S1035±36 tion on Thursday, February 6, 1997. Additional Statements: Pages S1036±44 Nomination—Agreement: A unanimous-consent Adjournment: Senate convened at 11 a.m., and ad- time-agreement was reached providing for the con- journed at 7:13 p.m., until 11 a.m., on Thursday, sideration of the nomination of Rodney E. Slater, of February 6, 1997. (For Senate’s program, see the re- Arkansas, to be Secretary of Transportation. marks of the Acting Majority Leader in today’s Pages S1044±45 Record on page S1045.) Nominations Received: Senate received the follow- ing nominations: Sophia H. Hall, of Illinois, to be a Member of the Board of Directors of the State Jus- Committee Meetings tice Institute for a term expiring September 17, (Committees not listed did not meet) 2000. Lyle Weir Swenson, of South Dakota, to be Unit- ed States Marshal for the District of South Dakota BREAST CANCER SCREENING for the term of four years. Committee on Appropriations: Subcommittee on Labor, Marsha Mason, of New Mexico, to be a Member Health and Human Services, and Education and Re- of the National Council on the Arts for a term ex- lated Agencies held hearings to examine the rec- piring September 3, 2002. ommendation of the National Institutes of Health Theodore Francis Verheggen, of the District of Consensus Development Conference on Breast Cancer Columbia, to be a Member of the Federal Safety and Screening in Women Ages 40–49, receiving testi- Health Review Commission for a term expiring Au- mony from Richard D. Klausner, Director, National gust 30, 2002. Cancer Institute, and Susan J. Blumenthal, Deputy 2 Air Force nominations in the rank of general. Assistant Secretary for Health/Assistant Surgeon 2 Marine Corps nominations in the rank of gen- General, both of the Department of Health and eral. Human Services; David G. Hoel, Medical University D79 D80 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST February 5, 1997 of South Carolina, Charleston; Marilyn Leitch, Uni- Subcommittee on Manufacturing and Competitiveness: versity of Texas Southwestern Medical School, on be- Senators Abraham (Chairman), Snowe, Ashcroft, Frist, half of the American Cancer Society, and Susan Brownback, Bryan, Hollings, Dorgan, and Rockefeller. Braun and Diana Rowden, both of the Susan G. Subcommittee on Oceans and Fisheries: Senators Snowe Komen Breast Cancer Foundation, all of Dallas, (Chairman), Stevens, Gorton, Hutchison, Kerry, Texas; Frances M. Visco, National Breast Cancer Co- Inouye, and Breaux. alition, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; and Barbara Subcommittee on Science, Technology, and Space: Sen- Monsees, Washington University School of Medicine, ators Frist (Chairman), Burns, Hutchison, Stevens, St. Louis, Missouri. Abraham, Rockefeller, Kerry, Bryan, and Dorgan. Hearings were recessed subject to call. Subcommittee on Surface Transportation and Merchant NOMINATION Marine: Senators Hutchison (Chairman), Stevens, Burns, Snowe, Frist, Abraham, Ashcroft, Inouye, Committee on Armed Services: Committee concluded Breaux, Dorgan, Bryan, and Wyden. hearings on the nomination of Federico Pen˜a, of Col- orado, to be Secretary of Energy, after the nominee NUCLEAR WASTE POLICY ACT testified and answered questions in his own behalf. Committee on Energy and Natural Resources: Committee NOMINATION concluded hearings on S. 104, to reform United States policy with regard to the management and Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs: disposal of spent nuclear fuel and high-level radio- Committee concluded hearings on the nomination of active waste, after receiving testimony from Thomas Janet L. Yellen, of California, to be a Member of the P. Grumbly, Under Secretary of Energy; Jared L. Council of Economic Advisers, after the nominee, Cohon, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, who was introduced by Senator Boxer, testified and on behalf of the Nuclear Waste Technical Review answered questions in her own behalf. Board; Emmit J. George, Jr., Iowa Utilities Board, EDUCATION REFORM AND ECONOMIC Des Moines, on behalf of the National Association of GROWTH Regulatory Utility Commissioners; Susan F. Clark, Committee on the Budget: Committee held hearings on Florida Public Service Commission, Tallahassee, on the President’s budget request for education for fiscal behalf of the Nuclear Waste Strategy Coalition; Mi- year 1998 and to examine the Federal role in edu- chael Mariotte, Nuclear Information Resource Serv- cational reform, receiving testimony from Marshall S. ice, Washington, D.C.; and James T. Rhodes, Vir- Smith, Under Secretary of Education; Eric A. ginia Power, Richmond. Hanushek, University of Rochester, Rochester, New CLEAN AIR—OZONE EXPOSURE York; and Caroline Minter Hoxby, Harvard Univer- sity, Westborough, Massachusetts. Committee on Environment and Public Works: Sub- Committee will meet again on Friday, February 7. committee on Clean Air, Wetlands, Private Property and Nuclear Safety held oversight hearings on BUSINESS MEETING science issues with regard to the Environmental Pro- Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation: tection Agency proposed revisions to the ozone and Committee ordered favorably reported the nomina- particulate matter national ambient air quality tion of Rodney E. Slater, of Arkansas, to be Secretary standards, receiving testimony from George T. of Transportation. Wolff, General Motors Company, Detroit, Michigan, Also, committee announced the following sub- on behalf of EPA’s Clean Air Scientific Advisory committee assignments: Committee’s Panels on Ozone and Particulate Mat- Subcommittee on Aviation: Senators Gorton (Chair- ter; Morton Lippman, New York University Medical man), Stevens, Burns, Lott, Hutchison, Ashcroft, Center, and George D. Thurston, New York Univer- Frist, Snowe, Brownback, Ford, Hollings, Inouye, sity School of Medicine, both of New York, New Bryan, Rockefeller, Breaux, Dorgan, and Wyden. York; Daniel B. Menzel, University of California, Subcommittee on Communications: Senators Burns Irvine; Roger O. McClellan, Chemical Industry Insti- (Chairman), Stevens, Gorton, Lott, Ashcroft, tute of Toxicology, Research Triangle Park, North Hutchison, Abraham, Frist, Brownback, Hollings, Carolina; Anne E. Smith, Decision Focus Incor- Inouye, Ford, Kerry, Breaux, Rockefeller, Dorgan, porated, Mountain View, California; Joel Schwartz, and Wyden. Harvard University Medical School, Cambridge, Subcommittee on Consumer Affairs, Foreign Commerce Massachusetts; and Ronald E. Wyzga, Electric Power and Tourism: Senators Ashcroft (Chairman), Gorton, Research Institute, Palo Alto, California. Abraham, Burns, Brownback, Breaux, Ford, and Hearings will continue on Wednesday, February Bryan. 12. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D81 AIRPORT AND AIRWAY TRUST FUND TAX committees for periods from March 1, 1997 through REINSTATEMENT ACT February 28, 1998, and from March 1, 1998 Committee on Finance: Committee ordered favorably through February 28, 1999, as follows: reported an original bill (S. 279) to reinstate the Committee on Appropriations: (S. Res. 33), Senator Airport and Airway Trust Fund excise taxes. Stevens; Committee on Small Business: (S. Res. 40), Senators JUDGESHIP ALLOCATION Bond and Kerry; Committee on the Judiciary: Subcommittee on Admin- Committee on the Judiciary: (S. Res. 43), Senators istrative Oversight and the Courts concluded hear- Hatch and Leahy; ings to examine the appropriate allocation of judge- Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry: (S. ships in the United States Court of Appeals for the Res. 20), Senators Lugar and Harkin; Fourth Circuit, after receiving testimony from J. Committee on Armed Services: (S. Res. 38), Senators Harvie Wilkinson III, Chief Judge, and Sam J. Warner and Levin; and Ervin, III, Circuit Judge, both of the United States Committee on Veterans’ Affairs: (S. Res. 45), Senators Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit; Gerald Bard Specter and Rockefeller. Tjoflat, Circuit Judge, United States Court of Ap- Hearings continue tomorrow. peals for the Eleventh Circuit; and Julia Smith Gib- NATIONAL SECURITY THREATS bons, Chief Judge, United States District Court for the Western District of Tennessee, on behalf of the Select Committee on Intelligence: Committee held open Committee on Judicial Resources of the Judicial and closed hearings to examine current and projected Conference of the United States. national security threats to the United States, receiv- ing testimony from Toby T. Gati, Assistant Sec- COMMITTEE BUDGET REQUESTS retary of State for Intelligence and Research; Lt. Committee on Rules and Administration: Committee Gen. Patrick M. Hughes, USA, Director, Defense In- continued hearings to receive testimony from Sen- telligence Agency; and George J. Tenet, Acting Di- ators, as indicated, in support of resolutions request- rector of Central Intelligence. ing funds for operating expenses of their respective Hearings were recessed subject to call. h House of Representatives Committee Resignation: Read a letter from Rep- Chamber Action resentative Brady wherein he resigned from the Bills Introduced: 39 public bills, H.R. 585–623; Committee on Government Reform and Oversight. and 12 resolutions, H.J. Res. 42–45, H. Con. Res. Page H290 14–15, and H. Res. 36–41, were introduced. Frank M. Tejeda Post Office Building: By a yea- Pages H345±48 and-nay vote of 400 yeas, Roll No. 9, the House Reports Filed: No reports were filed today. voted to suspend the rules and pass H.R. 499, to Speaker Pro Tempore: Read a letter from the designate the facility of the United States Postal Speaker wherein he designated Representative Service under construction at 7411 Barlite Boulevard LaHood to act as Speaker pro tempore for today. in San Antonio, Texas, as the ‘‘Frank M. Tejeda Post Page H289 Office Building.’’ Pages H292±97 Guest Chaplain: The prayer was offered by the Committee Resignations: Read a letter from Rep- guest chaplain, Dr. Ronald Christian of Washington, resentative Gejdenson wherein he resigned from the D.C. Page H289 Committee on Resources and read a letter from Rep- resentative Peterson of Minnesota wherein he re- Journal Vote: By a recorded vote of 376 ayes to 28 signed from the Committee on Government Reform noes, Roll No. 10, the House agreed to the Speaker’s and Oversight. Page H298 approval of the Journal of Tuesday, February 4. Pages H289, H298 Committee Election: The House agreed to H. Res. 36, designating minority membership on certain standing committees of the House. Pages H298±99 D82 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST February 5, 1997 Referrals: One Senate-passed measure was referred The Committee also approved a resolution to be to the appropriate House committee. Page H337 introduced in appreciation of the late Pamela Har- Senate Messages: Message received from the Senate riman, Ambassador to France. today appears on page H289. The Committee also met for organizational pur- poses. Quorum Calls—Votes: One yea-and-nay vote and one recorded vote developed during the proceedings BALANCED BUDGET AMENDMENT of the House today and appear on pages H297 and Committee on the Judiciary: Began markup of H.J. Res. H298. There were no quorum calls. 1, proposing an amendment to the Constitution to Adjournment: Met at 11 a.m. and adjourned at provide for a balanced budget for the U.S. Govern- 4:52 p.m. ment and for greater accountability in the enactment of tax legislation. Committee Meetings Will continue February 11. COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION Committee on National Security: Met for organizational Committee on Appropriations: Met for organizational purposes. purposes. COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION Committee on Resources: Met for organizational pur- Committee on Banking and Financial Services: Met for poses. organizational purposes. TRUTH IN BUDGETING ACT; OVERSIGHT ‘‘WHY THE BALANCED BUDGET PLAN AMENDMENT IS GOOD FOR AMERICANS’’ Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Ordered Committee on the Budget: Held a hearing on ‘‘Why the reported H.R. 4, Truth in Budgeting Act. Balanced Budget Amendment is Good for Ameri- The Committee also approved an oversight plan cans.’’ Testimony was heard from public witnesses. for the 105th Congress. ‘‘CELLULAR PRIVACY: IS ANYONE USER FEES FOR FAA SERVICES LISTENING? YOU BETCHA!’’ Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure: Sub- Committee on Commerce: Subcommittee on Tele- committee on Aviation held a hearing on Airlines’ communications, Trade, and Consumer Protection Proposals to Establish User Fees for FAA Services. held a hearing on ‘‘Cellular Privacy: Is Anyone Lis- Testimony was heard from John H. Anderson, Jr., tening? You Betcha!’’ Testimony was heard from the Director, Transportation Issues, Resources, Commu- following officials of the Department of Justice: nity and Economic Development Division, GAO; James K. Kallstrom, Assistant Director in Charge, and public witnesses. New York Division, FBI; and Robert S. Litt, Deputy Hearings continue February 13. Assistant Attorney General, Criminal Division; Wil- liam Kennard, General Counsel, FCC; and public COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION witnesses. Committee on Veterans’ Affairs: Met for organizational WORKING FAMILIES FLEXIBILITY ACT purposes. Committee on Education and the Workforce: Subcommit- AIRPORT AND AIRWAY TRUST FUND tee on Workforce Protections held a hearing on H.R. SOLVENCY; COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION 1, Working Families Flexibility Act of 1997. Testi- Committee on Ways and Means: Held a hearing on the mony was heard from Representatives Granger, solvency of the Airport and Airway Trust Fund. Tes- Myrick and Fowler; and public witnesses. timony was heard from Donald C. Lubick, Assistant Secretary, Tax Policy, Department of the Treasury; MISCELLANEOUS MEASURES; COMMITTEE and Louise F. Stoll, Assistant Secretary, Budget and ORGANIZATION Programs, Department of Transportation. Committee on International Relations: By unanimous The Committee also met for organizational pur- consent adopted a motion urging the Chairman to poses. request that S. Con. Res. 4, commending and thank- ing Honorable Warren Christopher for his exemplary COMMITTEE ORGANIZATION service as Secretary of State, be considered on the Committee on Ways and Means: Subcommittee on Suspension Calendar. Human Resources met for organizational purposes. February 5, 1997 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST D83 COMMITTEE MEETINGS FOR THURSDAY, Notice FEBRUARY 6, 1997 For a listing of Senate Committee Meetings sched- (Committee meetings are open unless otherwise indicated) uled ahead, see pages E177–78 in today’s Record. Senate House Committee on Armed Services, to hold open and closed Committee on Agriculture, to hold an organizational hearings on the worldwide threat facing the United meeting, 10:30 a.m., 1300 Longworth. States, 10 a.m., SR–222. Committee on Commerce, Subcommittee on Oversight and Committee on Energy and Natural Resources, to hold hear- Investigations, hearing on FDA Policy on Home Drug ings on S. 210, to amend the Organic Act of Guam, the Testing Kits, 9:30 a.m., 2123 Rayburn. Revised Organic Act of the Virgin Islands, and the Com- Committee on Education and the Workforce, Subcommittee pact of Free Association Act, 9:30 a.m., SD–366. on Early Childhood, Youth and Families, to continue Committee on Rules and Administration, to continue hear- hearings on H.R. 5, to amend the Individuals with Dis- ings on proposed committee resolutions requesting funds abilities Education Act, to reauthorize and make improve- for operating expenses for 1997 and 1998, 9:30 a.m., ments on that act, 9:30 a.m., 2175 Rayburn. SR–301. Committee on Rules, to consider a measure to release all Committee on Small Business, to hold hearings to examine fiscal year 1997 population assistance funds and to rein- women-owned and home-based businesses, 9:30 a.m., state the provisions of the Mexico City policy on U.S. SR–428A. population control assistance, 11:30 a.m., H–313 Capitol. D84 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — DAILY DIGEST February 5, 1997

Next Meeting of the SENATE Next Meeting of the HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 11 a.m., Thursday, February 6 10 a.m., Thursday, February 6

Senate Chamber House Chamber Program for Thursday: After the recognition of four Program for Thursday: No legislative business. Senators for speeches and the transaction of any routine morning business (not to extend beyond 12 noon), Senate will resume consideration of S.J. Res. 1, Balanced Budget Constitutional Amendment. Senate may also consider the nomination of Rodney E. Slater, of Arkansas, to be Sec- retary of Transportation.

Extension of Remarks, as inserted in this issue

HOUSE Gilman, Benjamin A., N.Y., E167 Moran, James P., Va., E161, E175 Harman, Jane, Calif., E166 Morella, Constance A., Md., E175 Ackerman, Gary L., N.Y., E169 Johnson, Eddie Bernice, Tex., E162, E165, E167, E169, Myrick, Sue, N.C., E168 Barcia, James A., Mich., E163 E176 Norton, Eleanor Holmes, D.C., E175 Bass, Charles F., N.H., E176 Johnson, Nancy L., Conn., E165 Packard, Ron, Calif., E174 Bentsen, Ken, Tex., E168, E174 Kaptur, Marcy, Ohio, E171 Riggs, Frank, Calif., E161 Blumenauer, Earl, Ore., E169 Kelly, Sue W., N.Y., E170 Roukema, Marge, N.J., E164 Engel, Eliot L., N.Y., E164 Kennedy, Joseph P., II, Mass., E164 Sanchez, Loretta, Calif., E166 Farr, Sam, Calif., E161 Kennelly, Barbara B., Conn., E165 Stark, Fortney Pete, Calif., E160, E172 Filner, Bob, Calif., E159, E164 Kucinich, Dennis J., Ohio, E159, E162 Stump, Bob, Ariz., E168 Frank, Barney, Mass., E166 Levin, Sander M., Mich., E164 Towns, Edolphus, N.Y., E171 Franks, Bob, N.J., E160, E162 Lewis, John, Ga., E169 Traficant, James A., Jr., Ohio, E174 Frelinghuysen, Rodney P., N.J., E162 McDermott, Jim, Wash., E173 Weldon, Curt, Pa., E168 Gallegly, Elton, Calif., E173 Molinari, Susan, N.Y., E159

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