The Essence of Veda Chanting Inaugural Address by Dr
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The Essence of Veda Chanting Inaugural Address by Dr. Narendranath Reddy Chairman, Sathya Sai International Organisation International Young Adults Veda Programme 20 June 2020 Om Sahanavavatu 500 BC by the Turkish and Persians to refer to Sahanau bhunaktu, the people who were living in the Indus Valley Saha viryam karavavahai, area. People say Sanathana Dharma began Tejasvi navadhithamastu, around 5,000 or 10,000 BC. Sanathana Dharma Ma Vidvishavahai means eternal religion – there is no beginning. Om. Shanti, Shanti, Shanti That is why our Swami’s journal is called Sana- thana Sarathi – He is the eternal charioteer who May the Lord protect us, may He nourish us. is taking us in the right direction. Let us under- May we acquire the capacity to study and un- stand that Vedas teach the eternal religion (San- derstand the scriptures. May our study be bril- athana Dharma). liant and may we not cavil at each other. Om. Peace, Peace, Peace unto us all. Main Message of the Vedas What is the main message of the Vedas? Ananto With love and gratitude, I offer my prayerful Vai Veda Pranams at the Divine Lotus Feet of our dearest, the message is Brahma Sathyam (God alone is loving and omnipresent Lord, Bhagawan Sri true) Jagath, Vedas Mithya are infinite, (the world but theis illusory) summary, Jivo of Sathya Sai Baba who is Veda Mata (The mother Brahmaiva Naparah (we the embodied beings, of Vedas), the Veda Purusha and Vedamayaa are divine). Swami says that the goal and pur- (that means He is the Veda Himself) and He is pose of human life is to realise and manifest in- Veda Vedya (He could be realised and attained nate divinity Also, Swami says that the purpose through Vedas). Dear Brothers and Sisters, lov- of the Sathya Sai International Organisation, ing Sai Ram to all of you. and the divine mission is to help us realise and First, I would like to congratulate all the YAs for manifest our innate divinity, and also to see the launching this project, to study the Vedas in same divinity in the whole of creation and help depth and practise its teachings. I am happy others to realise the same truth. The scriptures that you have started this at a young age. Swami say that the purpose of human life is Atmano says, ‘Start early, drive slowly, and reach safely’. Mokshartham Jagat Hitayacha (seeking one’s The Vedas belong to Sanathana Dharma. How- own realisation and the welfare of humanity). ever, people think that Vedas are only for Hin- The ultimate goal is to realise the truth or Brah- dus. The word Hindu was introduced around man – Self-realisation. sathyasai.org The Essence of Veda Chanting From Shudra to Brahmana come Brahmana only by practising the teach- According to Sanathana Dharma, we are all born ings and attaining the knowledge of Brahman. as Shudras which means we are all born without Then we become a Brahmin. So, this is how, the knowledge of the Atma. No one is a Brahmin, Vedas help us in this process of progression Kshatriya or Vysya by birth. But through the ini- from Shudra to Brahmana. tiation of Gayatri Mantra, we become a Dwija When we talk about Vipra, it is said in Rig Veda, (which means twice born). Then, we are born in Ekam Sath, Vipra Bahudha Vadanti which means spirit: beginning of the process of acquiring At- that there is only one truth, but the Vipras – the knowledge. This is the time of performing mic wise people perceive and call it by different the sacred thread ceremony or ( Upanayana Upa names – Vishnu, Jesus, Shiva etc. We need to un- meaning close and meaning eyes) which Nayana derstand how the word Veda came about. is coming closer to the vision of God, by being initiated into the Gayatri. Origin of Vedas and Nomenclature The etymological meaning of the word Veda I am happy that we chanted Akhanda Gayatri for comes from the word Vid which means know- 24-hours recently and thousands of devotees all ing. We are in the eternal quest for knowledge., over the world participated. I want to appreci- Sath Chit Ananda (existence, knowledge, and ate your participation in this Akhanda Gayatri bliss) is our very nature. We always want to Yagna. Once we have been initiated, we become know; we think we exist forever, and we want twice born. Then we are eligible to study the Ve- bliss because that is our very nature. So, Vid das. The four Vedas are the Rig Veda, the Yajur means knowing. The Vedas are a repository of Veda, the Sama Veda, and the Atharva Veda. knowledge. Once we have studied the Vedas, we become a Vipra. There are different titles like Dwivedi, When did the Vedas start? Knowledge has no somebody has who mastered two Vedas; Trive- beginning. Let us remember these important di, somebody who has mastered three Vedas; words. It is Anadi, which means no beginning. Chaturvedi, somebody who has mastered four There is no beginning for the Veda. Knowledge Vedas. Subsequently, the name remained but is eternal. It is called Sanathana or eternal and it these people did not really learn the Vedas. is Anantha (Anantho Vai Veda). Vedas are in- Swami in one of His discourse, related a humor- study the Vedas in depth. We can have glimpses ous story. It is about the great philosopher and andfinite. general That knowledgeis why no ofone’s the Vedas.life is Swamienough said to scholar from Germany, Max Mueller, who was that it will take many lifetimes to study all the very fond of Vedas, Upanishads, and Hindu Vedas in detail. That is why it is called Anantho scriptures. Once he happened to have an ap- Vai Veda. They have no beginning and are in- pointment with an Indian whose name was Apaurusheyas. They did not Trivedi. Max Mueller was very excited to meet a come from human beings; they are revelations person who knows three Vedas and wanted to fromfinite. the They divine. are They have come from God. That have a dialogue with him on Vedas. When he is an important thing. They are called the breath found out that this man did even know what the of God. Swami says, Vedas are the breath of the Vedas were, he was very disappointed. Some- Lord, and identify them as God. times, people like this great German person, and other Western philosophers dive deep into Vedas are also called Sruthi. Sruthi means Shra- these teachings. vana – hearing. In the old days, the only way they could transmit this knowledge was by tell- We become a once we have studied the Vipra ing people verbally. So, people heard and learnt Vedas in depth. But that does not make us the them. They heard the voice of God as it was re- ultimate Brahman. The last stage is when we vealed to them. That is why it is called Sruthi. become (Brahmin). How do we be- Brahmana Since God revealed the Vedas to them in deep come Brahmana? Not just by reading the Vedas. meditation, they are called Sruthis. They were We may be a Vedic Scholar, Vipra, but we be- 2 The Essence of Veda Chanting transmitted verbally to their disciples, and that Sections of Vedas is the second reason why it is called Sruthi. This - Sruthi Trayee or 3-part (an- ing sections: other name for Vedas). First, there were only Every Veda is further classified into the follow • Karma Kanda three Vedas also is which classified were as recognized, namely Rig rites to God for attaining health, wealth, and Veda, Yajur Veda and Sama Veda. Atharva Veda progeny. (performing rituals): sacrificial came much later. That is why in most of the scriptures, in the beginning we say ‘Trayee’ and • Upasana Kanda (worship the Lord): the these three Vedas are called ‘Trayee.’ These Ve- Bhakti path. Hymns of praise to God. das are also called Nigama and Aamanaya and • Jnana Kanda (which is Upanishads): Jnanat many other names. Gayatri is called Chandhasa eva tu kaivalya i.e. through Jnana we attain Mata (Mother of the Vedas). Chandha is related the ultimate goal of life. to the Vedas. These revelations of truth by the The same pattern was used by Lord Krishna in great sages, are called as such by the seers be- the Gita. There are 18 chapters in the Bhagavad cause they see the truth – Mantradrashtas. They Karma saw the mantras which were revealed to them. Anushtanam that means Karma Shatkam. They There are thousands of Mantras. Because of Gita. The first six chapters are called their sheer volume, one person cannot study all six chapters are called Bhakthi Shatkam, with of them because they are like a huge forest. So, it emphasisemphasise on Karma devotion; (Selfless and the service). last six Thechapters next are Jnana Shatkam, which emphasise the path needsDivine to Missionbe compiled and and the codified. Vedas of Jnana. Similarly, in all our Sathya Sai Centres, Sage Veda Vyasa who is considered the embodi- there is the same pattern. We have the Service - Wing (Karma Kanda day, there are four Vedas: have Spiritual or Devotion Wing (Upasana Kan- ment of the Lord himself, codified the Vedas. To da) and then we have; Educationselfless service), Wing with then em we- • Rig Veda – hymns on the Lord phasis on study circles, teachings of the scrip- • Yajur Veda – about the Yagnas tures, Vedas, and Swami’s teachings (Jnana • Sama Veda – songs and music Kanda). • Atharva Veda – knowledge storehouse of Divine Mission of Atharvanas Bhagawan Sri Sathya Sai Baba Each of the four Vedas has four parts: Swami’s teachings are the real Vedas of the present time.