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Alexandria's Hinterland
Alexandria’s Hinterland Archaeology of the Western Nile Delta, Egypt Mohamed Kenawi Archaeopress Archaeology Archaeopress Gordon House 276 Banbury Road Oxford OX2 7ED www.archaeopress.com ISBN 978 1 78491 014 3 ISBN 978 1 78491 015 0 (e-Pdf) © Archaeopress and M Kenawi 2014 Front cover: Baths, Kom al-Ahmer (Mohamed Kenawi); Kom Wasit, Aerial photo 2014 (copyright Italian Mission in Beheira, photographer Henrik Brahe. http://www.caiecentroarcheologico.org/ and http://www.komahmer.com/). All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright owners. Printed in England by CMP (UK) Ltd This book is available direct from Archaeopress or from our website www.archaeopress.com This work is dedicated to Mariette de Vos Raaijmakers Emanuele Papi Contents List of Figures ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� iii List of Plates ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� viii List of Maps ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ viii List of Tables ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� -
Efficiency of the Using of Human and Machine the Sources in Wheat Production in Beheira Governorate
Available online at http://www.journalijdr.com International Journal of Development Research ISSN: 2230-9926 Vol. 11, Issue, 07, pp. 48934-48940, July, 2021 https://doi.org/10.37118/ijdr.22437.07.2021 RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS EFFICIENCY OF THE USING OF HUMAN AND MACHINE THE SOURCES IN WHEAT PRODUCTION IN BEHEIRA GOVERNORATE Ashraf M. El Dalee1,*, Lamis F. Elbahenasy2, Safaa M. Elwakeel2 and Eman A. Ibrahim3 1Professor Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center –Egypt 2Senior Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute Agricultural Research Center – Egypt 3Researcher, Agricultural Economics Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center – Egypt ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT The research problem is represented in the high costs of producing wheat crop as a result of the high prices of Article History: production requirements, which may affect the cultivated areas of it, and due to the rapid and successive Received 20th April, 2021 progress in the transfer of technology in the field of agriculture, especially agricultural operations, it has been Received in revised form possible to replace human work with automated work, after the high wages of rural labor trained women in the 10th May, 2021 fields of agriculture and continuous migration to urban areas as a result of the seasonality of agricultural Accepted 30th June, 2021 production on the one hand, and the low wages in the country side compared to the urban ones, which Published online 28th July, 2021 prompted farmers to move towards using -
Shereif Hassan Mahmoud
Hydroclimate Changes to Arid regions subjected to Impact of climate change, human activities, and Large-scale climate patterns by Shereif Hassan Mahmoud A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Alberta © Shereif Hassan Mahmoud, 2020 Abstract In recent years, many regions worldwide have suffered from natural hazards related to the impact of human activities and climate change, such as floods and droughts, sea level rise, extreme weather events and an accelerated hydrological cycle. In Africa, the driest continent on Earth, climate change has led to more frequent occurrences of droughts of greater severity. Beside climate change, human activities have also incurred negative environmental impact which in turn has likely affected the climate at a wide range of temporal-spatial scales worldwide. For example, in the Middle East, floods of greater magnitude have been occurring more frequently in recent decades, which could be attributed partly to rapid urbanization or the effect of climate change, or both. In the Nile River basin (NRB), recurring droughts and increasing population have led to rising tension between competing users for water. Therefore, to develop more effective mitigation strategies against the potential impact of climate change, there is an urgent need to better understand changes to the hydrologic cycle of arid regions and linkage to regional climate change. The objectives of this dissertation are: 1) To investigate the potential implications of urbanization and climate change to the flood risk of Egypt and Saudi Arabia of arid climate in the Middle East. -
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Journal of Engineering Sciences, Assiut University, Vol. 37, No. 5, pp. 1193-1207, September 2009. EVALUATION OF GROUNDWATER AQUIFER IN THE AREA BETWEEN EL-QUSIYA AND MANFALUT USING VERTICAL ELECTRIC SOUNDINGS (VES) TECHNIQUE 1 2 3 Waleed S.S. , Abd El-Monaim, A, E. , Mansour M.M. and El-Karamany M. F.3 1 Ministry of Water Resources (underground water sector) 2 Research Institute for Groundwater 3 Mining & Met. Dept., Faculty of Eng., Assiut University (Received August 5, 2009 Accepted August 17, 2009). The studied area is located northwest of Assiut city which represents a large part of the Nile Valley in Assiut governorate. It lies between latitudes 27° 15ƍ 00Ǝ and 27° 27ƍ 00Ǝ N, and longitudes 30° 42ƍ 30Ǝ to 31° 00ƍ E, covering approximately 330 square kilometers. Fifteen Vertical Electrical soundings (VES) were carried out to evaluate the aquifer in the study area. These soundings were arranged to construct three geoelectric profiles crossing the Nile Valley. Three cross sections were constructed along these profiles to detect the geometry and geoelectric characteristics of the quaternary aquifer based on the interpretation of the sounding curves and the comparison with available drilled wells. The interpretation showed that the thickness of the quaternary aquifer in the study area ranges between 75 and 300 m, in which the maximum thicknesses are detected around Manfalut and at the west of El-Qusiya. INTRODUCTION During the two last decades, there is a continuous demand for big amount of water necessary for the land expansion projects in Egypt. So, the development of groundwater resources receives special attention, since the groundwater reservoir underlying the Nile Valley and its adjacent desert areas acting as auxiliary source of water in Egypt. -
Developing an Instrument to Measure Penetration of Lean Thinking for Frontline Nursing Staff
IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science (IOSR-JNHS) e- ISSN: 2320–1959.p- ISSN: 2320–1940 Volume 7, Issue 4 Ver. VIII (Jul.-Aug. 2018), PP 83-95 www.iosrjournals.org Developing an Instrument to Measure Penetration of Lean Thinking For Frontline Nursing Staff Reem Mabrouk Abd El Rahman1, Amal Diab Ghanem Atalla2 1Faculty of Nursing, Damanhour University, El-Beheira, Egypt 2 Faculty of Nursing, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt Corresponding Author: Reem Mabrouk Abd El Rahman Abstract: Background Lean thinking and management are continuous improvement management plan that design the work flow to produce improvements in safety, quality and productivity. Aim: to develop an instrument to measure penetration of lean thinking for frontline nursing staff. Methods: A methodological mixedresearch design was utilized in all hospitals that are affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Population at El-Beheira Governorate (n= 21). Subjects: Jury group (n=55), divided into two groups: academic experts (n=10) and clinical/professional experts (n=45).Tools: tool one: Frontline Lean Thinking(FLT) Instrumentand tool two: opinnionaire sheet and a demographic data sheet for study subjects. The tool development was executed based on five steps: (1) Content domain specification; (2) Item pool generation; (3) Face & content validity evaluation; (4) Reliability assessment; lastly, (5) Instrument refinement. Results: The study findings revealed that the majority of expert groups agreed on the final version of the developed FLT Instrument with the three levels, namely: organization, unit and individual with its ten sub-domains. Conclusion: the overall result from panel of experts: both academics and clinical/professional experts showed that the developed FLT Instrument has face and content validity. -
A Three-Dimensional, Numerical Groundwater Flow Model of The
Fourth International Symposium on Environmental Hydrology,2005, ASCE-EG, Cairo, Egypt, INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT OF WATER RESOURCES IN WESTERN NILE DELTA 2-MANAGEMENT ٍ SCENARIOS A. M. El Molla1, M. A. Dawoud2, M. S. Hassan3, H. Abdulrahman Ewea3, R. F. Mohamed4 ABSTRACT Western Nile delta is an important area in Egypt, in which the government has later established new reclamation projects, and irrigation and drainage network. The increase in reclaimed area together with the decrease in the discharge of canals network especially in the 1980‟s lead to shortage of surface water. The Ministry of Water Resources and Irrigation (MWRI) has an overall development plan, which will increase the reclamation area to be 625,000 feddan at the western delta area before 2017. A number of management scenarios were defined. These scenarios study alternative conjunctive uses for available water resources in western Nile delta (surface water, ground water, drainage water reuse) to prevent the groundwater aquifer from depletion. The proposed scenarios studied the full completion of the development plan proposed by MWRI for western Delta area by the year 2017. The previously built and calibrated ground water flow model was used to predict the effects of various scenarios on the groundwater aquifer for the present development and for the year 2017 development plan. INTRODUCTION Western Nile delta is an important area in Egypt, which has limited water resources, although it lies on the western part of Nile Delta aquifer. Due to the increased in the area of the reclaimed lands farmers are suffering from shortage of surface water and are forced to depend on the groundwater abstraction from wells. -
THE MONUMENT CALLED “DARA” at MANFALUT OR the PYRAMID of KING KHUWI? Known Name: Pyramid of Khuwi
THE MONUMENT CALLED “DARA” AT MANFALUT OR THE PYRAMID OF KING KHUWI? Known name: Pyramid of Khuwi. Arabic name: Dara. G-R name: North of Cynopolis. Geographical information of the site: The location of this monument is on the map of Egypt (1:100 000) MANFALUT portions of sheets 48/54 and 48/60 of 1932. Its coordinates on the UTM Kilometer grid are 508 N, 605 E (=27o 17/ N, 30o 54/ E). Eight km West of Manfalut, NW of Nag Arab el c Amayem (a small village N of El c Atamna). The shortest distance to the river is 10 km. The course of the Nile in this area between the City of Assuit and the Island of El Mac abdah, at the southern portion of the Abu Fouda cliffs, meanders creating 5 bends in a general NW direction. The monument is oriented by its sides to the cardinal points. It cannot be seen from the western road, very close to it, because of a grove of trees. Moreover Dara is the local name of the monument itself and not the name of the site. History of the exploration and dates. The monument Dara was first discovered by Ahmed Kamal Pasha in 1911. He describes the corridor and burial chamber. R. Weill cleared large parts of the superstructure and made drawings in 1946-1948. J.Vercoutter worked on the neighboring site in the early 1950s. Today the site is in a confused state. Body of the subject. Brick monuments come from all periods of Egyptian history and royal brick pyramids come from the sites of: Abu Rawash III Dyn., Fayum XII dyn., Dahshur XII and XIII Dyn. -
Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt oi.uchicago.edu PREHISTORIC ARCHEOLOGY AND ECOLOGY A Series Edited by Karl W. Butzer and Leslie G. Freeman oi.uchicago.edu Karl W.Butzer Early Hydraulic Civilization in Egypt A Study in Cultural Ecology Internet publication of this work was made possible with the generous support of Misty and Lewis Gruber The University of Chicago Press Chicago and London oi.uchicago.edu Karl Butzer is professor of anthropology and geography at the University of Chicago. He is a member of Chicago's Committee on African Studies and Committee on Evolutionary Biology. He also is editor of the Prehistoric Archeology and Ecology series and the author of numerous publications, including Environment and Archeology, Quaternary Stratigraphy and Climate in the Near East, Desert and River in Nubia, and Geomorphology from the Earth. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago 60637 The University of Chicago Press, Ltd., London ® 1976 by The University of Chicago All rights reserved. Published 1976 Printed in the United States of America 80 79 78 77 76 987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Butzer, Karl W. Early hydraulic civilization in Egypt. (Prehistoric archeology and ecology) Bibliography: p. 1. Egypt--Civilization--To 332 B. C. 2. Human ecology--Egypt. 3. Irrigation=-Egypt--History. I. Title. II. Series. DT61.B97 333.9'13'0932 75-36398 ISBN 0-226-08634-8 ISBN 0-226-08635-6 pbk. iv oi.uchicago.edu For INA oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu CONTENTS List of Illustrations Viii List of Tables ix Foreword xi Preface xiii 1. -
National Feasibility Study & Roadmap for Riverbank
SUPPORTING INNOVATION IN WATER & WASTEWATER IN EGYPT NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY & ROADMAP FOR RIVERBANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT CAIRO 2018 (REVISED) 2020 RBF Unit, Sohag, Egypt - ©2021 COPYRIGHT AND DISCLAIMER Copyright © United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) 2020 All rights reserved United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UN-Habitat) P.O. Box 30030 00100 Nairobi GPO KENYA Tel: 254-020-7623120 (Central Office) www.ar.unhabitat.org DISCLAIMER The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any county, territory, city or area or its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries regarding its economic system or degree of development. Excerpts may be reproduced without authorization, on condition that the source is indicated. Views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of the United Nations Human Settlements Programme, the United Nations and its member states. i National Feasibility Study and roadmap for River Bank Filtration in Egypt NATIONAL FEASIBILITY STUDY AND ROADMAP FOR RIVER BANK FILTRATION IN EGYPT FEASIBILITY STUDY REPORT PARTNERS COORDINATORS The initial version of this report was produced under Hyat Inclusive and Sustainable Local Economic Development Project in partnership with the Egyptian Ministry for Local Development, the Egyptian Ministry for Housing, Utilities and Urban Communities, the Egyptian Holding Company for Water and Wastewater and the United Nations Human Settlement’s Programme (UN Habitat). Funded by the United Nations Trust Fund for Human Security and UN Habitat. CONTACT DETAILS Holding Company for Water and Wastewater (HCWW) Prof. -
LOT NUMBER RESERVE £ Postal History 1 Early Missionary Letter
1 LOT NUMBER RESERVE £ Postal history 1 Early Missionary letter dated 7 Dec 1830, Alexandria to Beyroot 59.00 2 French Consular Mail – Entire Alex to Marseilles with 40 centimes cancelled 5080 (diamond) via Paquebots de la Mediterrane (in red) and PD (in red). Reduced rate from 1866 44.00 Second Issue, 1867-69 (Nile Post numbers) 3 5-para (D8), Types 104 unused, with photograph 24.00 4 10-para (D91), used with watermark on face. ESC certificate 45.00 5 3 x 10-para (D9a, 9b, 9c), used in excellent condition with photograph 85.00 6 10-para (D9, Types 1-4), unused, includes Stone A Type 2 (D9A) 83.00 7 10-para (D9f, Types 1-4), unused, includes Stone B Type 2 unbroken O, with photograph 63.00 8 10-para (D9 Types 1-4), unused and used including Stone A 3rd State Type 2 with photograph 111.00 9 20-para (D10 Types 1-4), unused Stone A (2 dots) with photograph 72.00 10 20-para (D10i Types 1-4), unused Stone B (3 dots) with photograph 65.00 11 1-piastre (D11), 37 copies unused and used, all types. Worthy of research by a student of this issue 49.00 12 5-piastre (D 13 Types 1-4), unused, fine condition 390.00 13 5-piastre (D13 Types 1-4), used, fine condition 240.00 14 5-para (D8k) used, misplaced perforation 43.00 15 5-para (D8), yellow green, mint, very fine 19.00 16 10-para (D9j), unused, “white hole in wig” variety 29.00 17 1-piastre (D11v), unused, “inverted watermark” 19.00 18 1-piastre (D11m), unused, imperforate 22.00 Postage Due issue 1922 (Nile Post numbers) 19 PD30a, mint block of 12, overprint à cheval 186.00 20 PD30a, three mint singles, -
MOST ANCIENT EGYPT Oi.Uchicago.Edu Oi.Uchicago.Edu
oi.uchicago.edu MOST ANCIENT EGYPT oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu Internet publication of this work was made possible with the generous support of Misty and Lewis Gruber MOST ANCIE NT EGYPT William C. Hayes EDITED BY KEITH C. SEELE THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS CHICAGO & LONDON oi.uchicago.edu Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 65-17294 THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO PRESS, CHICAGO & LONDON The University of Toronto Press, Toronto 5, Canada © 1964, 1965 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published 1965. Printed in the United States of America oi.uchicago.edu WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER HAYES 1903-1963 oi.uchicago.edu oi.uchicago.edu INTRODUCTION WILLIAM CHRISTOPHER HAYES was on the day of his premature death on July 10, 1963 the unrivaled chief of American Egyptologists. Though only sixty years of age, he had published eight books and two book-length articles, four chapters of the new revised edition of the Cambridge Ancient History, thirty-six other articles, and numerous book reviews. He had also served for nine years in Egypt on expeditions of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the institution to which he devoted his entire career, and more than four years in the United States Navy in World War II, during which he was wounded in action-both periods when scientific writing fell into the background of his activity. He was presented by the President of the United States with the bronze star medal and cited "for meritorious achievement as Commanding Officer of the U.S.S. VIGILANCE ... in the efficient and expeditious sweeping of several hostile mine fields.., and contributing materially to the successful clearing of approaches to Okinawa for our in- vasion forces." Hayes' original intention was to work in the field of medieval arche- ology. -
The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlementin Egypt
Pýý.ý577 THE IMPACT OF THE ARAB CONQUEST ON LATE ROMAN SETTLEMENTIN EGYPT VOLUME I: TEXT UNIVERSITY LIBRARY CAMBRIDGE This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the University of Cambridge, March 2002 ALISON GASCOIGNE DARWIN COLLEGE, CAMBRIDGE For my parents with love and thanks Abstract The Impact of the Arab Conquest on Late Roman Settlement in Egypt Alison Gascoigne, Darwin College The Arab conquest of Egypt in 642 AD affected the development of Egyptian towns in various ways. The actual military struggle, the subsequent settling of Arab tribes and changes in administration are discussed in chapter 1, with reference to specific sites and using local archaeological sequences. Chapter 2 assesseswhether our understanding of the archaeological record of the seventh century is detailed enough to allow the accurate dating of settlement changes. The site of Zawyet al-Sultan in Middle Egypt was apparently abandoned and partly burned around the time of the Arab conquest. Analysis of surface remains at this site confirmed the difficulty of accurately dating this event on the basis of current information. Chapters3 and 4 analysethe effect of two mechanismsof Arab colonisation on Egyptian towns. First, an investigation of the occupationby soldiers of threatened frontier towns (ribats) is based on the site of Tinnis. Examination of the archaeological remains indicates a significant expansion of Tinnis in the eighth and ninth centuries, which is confirmed by references in the historical sources to building programmes funded by the central government. Second, the practice of murtaba ` al- jund, the seasonal exploitation of the town and its hinterland for the grazing of animals by specific tribal groups is examined with reference to Kharibta in the western Delta.