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REPORT 02041 V Louw Wepener HIA.Pdf Archaetnos Culture & Cultural Resource Consultants BK 98 09854/23 A REPORT ON A HERITAGE IMPACT ASSESSMENT FOR THE ALTERATIONS TO THE LOUW WEPENER MEMORIAL, BETHULIE, FREE STATE PROVINCE For: The Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Organisations (FAK) e-mail: Chrisna Nel - [email protected] REPORT: AE02041V By: Prof. A.C. van Vollenhoven (L. Akad. S.A.) Accredited member of ASAPA Accredited member of SASCH 12 November 2020 Archaetnos P.O. Box 55 GROENKLOOF 0027 Tel: 083 2916104 Fax: 086 520 4173 E-mail: [email protected] Member: AC van Vollenhoven BA, BA (Hons), DTO, NDM, MA (Archaeology) [UP], MA (Culture History) [US], DPhil (Archaeology) [UP], Man Dip [TUT], DPhil (History) [US] 1 ©Copyright Archaetnos The information contained in this report is the sole intellectual property of Archaetnos CC. It may only be used for the purposes it was commissioned for by the client. DISCLAIMER: Although all possible care is taken to identify all sites of cultural importance during the survey of study areas, the nature of archaeological and historical sites is as such that it always is possible that hidden or subterranean sites could be overlooked during the study. Archaetnos and its personnel will not be held liable for such oversights or for costs incurred as a result thereof. Also note that the study and report does not guarantee approval from the relevant heritage body. The report must be an independent opinion of the consultant and the responsibility of the consultant ends with submission of the report. The South African Heritage Resources Agency (SAHRA) or one of its subsidiary bodies needs to comment on this report and clients are advised not to proceed with any action before receiving these. 2 SUMMARY Archaetnos cc was appointed by the Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Organisations (FAK) to conduct a heritage impact assessment (HIA) for alterations to the Louw Wepener Monument. The site is located on Portion 1 of the farm Felicia 457 RD, Bethulie, Kopanong Local Municipality, Free State Province. The memorial lies approximately 6 km north-west of the town of Bethulie. The proposed alterations include the following: • Replacing the bust of Louw Wepener with a 3-D cast replica in order to preserve the original art work off site. The material used will be concrete mixed with a hardened substance (concrete usually has a strength of 20mpa, but this will be much stronger, namely 60-90mpa). It will also be sealed with a concrete sealant. • Information seems to indicate that some of the text on the granite panel of the memorial may be incorrect and the proposal is to rectify this, if needed (see details below). • It furthermore it is proposed to fix the current fence around the monument. The land owner is the Voortrekkers, an Afrikaans youth and cultural organization. The site is a declared Heritage site. It was declared under the former National Monuments Act (Act 28 of 1969) and under the new legislation, the National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999), it thus is a Grade II heritage resource. Thus it was decided to do a Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA). The applicable social consultation has also been done, consisting of site notices and newspaper advertisements. No comments were received. It is recommended that: 1. That the bust of Louw Wepener be removed and preserved at Udolpho as proposed above. 2. That it be replaced with a 3-D scanned version on site as per specification provided above. 3. That the information on the monument be left as it is in line with current historical information.1 4. That necessary repairs to the monument be done. 5. That a fence similar to the current one be erected around the site as proposed above. 6. That the original bust may be preserved at Udolpho (Parys) where it will be on display for the general public. (However, it will be taken to Centurion first in order to do the scanning and create the replica.) 1 Research should however continue to get clarity in this regard. 3 7. That the site will be maintained by the community of Bethulie and the FAK will oversee this. This should include placing measurements in place to grant access to visitors when required. 8. The contextual information be added to both the monument and the bust at Udolpho to ensure visitors are informed of the exact nature and history of the site and art work. 9. That a Cultural Heritage Management Plan be drafted for approval by the Free State PHRA, to ensure the sustainable preservation of the monument. The CMP should include issues like access, security and maintenance. 10. That a heritage expert be present on site when any work on the monument is done. 11. That a report on the process of removing, scanning and replacement of the bust and other alterations be tabled to both the Free State PHRA and the Burial Grounds and Graves Unit (BGG) of SAHRA. 12. It is therefore finally recommended that the HIA be approved by the Provincial Heritage Resources Agency of the Free State as well as the BGG Unit of SAHRA. 4 CONTENTS Page SUMMARY .......................................................................................................... 3 CONTENTS .......................................................................................................... 5 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................... 6 2. TERMS OF REFERENCE ........................................................................ 8 3. CONDITIONS AND ASSUMPTIONS .................................................... 8 4. LEGISLATIVE REQUIREMENTS .......................................................... 9 5. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................. 10 6. HISTORICAL CONTEXT ...................................................................... 11 7. SITE DESCRIPTIO ................................................................................. 19 8. MOTIVATION FOR ALTERATION TO THE MONUMENT ............. 26 9. DESCRIPTION OF IMPACT ON MEMORIAL.................................... 27 10. HERITAGE SIGNIFICANCE ................................................................. 29 11. HERITAGE ASSESSMENT ................................................................... 31 12. SOCIAL CONSULTATION ................................................................... 32 13. LANDOWNERS CONSENT .................................................................. 36 14. THE WAY FORWARD .......................................................................... 36 15. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................. 36 16. REFERENCES ........................................................................................ 37 APPENDIX A – DEFENITION OF TERMS ..................................................... 39 APPENDIX B – DEFINITION/ STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE .............. 40 APPENDIX C – SIGNIFICANCE AND FIELD RATING ............................... 41 APPENDIX D – PROTECTION OF HERITAGE RESOURCES ..................... 42 APPENDIX E – HERITAGE MANAGEMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT PHASES ....................................................... 43 5 1. INTRODUCTION Archaetnos cc was appointed by the Federation of Afrikaans Cultural Organisations (FAK) to conduct a heritage impact assessment (HIA) for alterations to the Louw Wepener Monument. The site is located on Portion 1 of the farm Felicia 457 RD, Bethulie, Kopanong Local Municipality, Free State Province. The memorial lies approximately 6 km north-west of the town of Bethulie (Figure 1-3). The GPS coordinates for the site is: 30˚26’58,96”S; 25˚56’46,84”E. The proposed alterations include the following: • Replacing the bust of Louw Wepener with a 3-D cast replica in order to preserve the original art work off site. The material used will be concrete mixed with a hardened substance (concrete usually has a strength of 20mpa, but this will be much stronger, namely 60-90mpa). It will also be sealed with a concrete sealant. • Information seems to indicate that some of the text on the granite panel of the memorial may be incorrect and the proposal is to rectify this, if needed (see details below). • It furthermore it is proposed to fix the current fence around the monument. The land owner is the Voortrekker movement, an Afrikaans youth and cultural organization. The Voortrekkers have agreed to the changes. The site is a declared Heritage site. It was declared under the former National Monuments Act (Act 28 of 1969) and under the new legislation, the National Heritage Resources Act (Act 25 of 1999), it thus is a Grade II heritage resource. Thus it was decided to do a Heritage Impact Assessment (HIA). Figure 1: Location of Bethulie in the Free State Province. 6 Figure 2: Location of the site in retion to Bethulie. Figure 3: Closer view of the site. The cleared area around the memorial is the current fence. 7 2. TERMS OF REFERENCE The Terms of Reference for the study were to: 1. Do a Heritage Impact Assessment on the site to obtain permission for the proposed alterations. 2. Do the necessary social consultation; 3. Handle comments from Interested and Affected parties (I&AP’s); 4. Assess the significance of the site in terms of its archaeological, historical, scientific, social, religious, aesthetic and tourism value (see Appendix B); 5. Describe the possible impact of the proposed development on these cultural remains, according to a standard set of conventions. This refers to a possible change in character; 6. Recommend suitable mitigation measures to minimize possible negative impacts on the cultural resources
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