Understanding the World's Worst Spamming Botnet
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Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mail, 35 USFL Rev
UIC School of Law UIC Law Open Access Repository UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship 1-1-2001 Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mail, 35 U.S.F. L. Rev. 325 (2001) David E. Sorkin John Marshall Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.law.uic.edu/facpubs Part of the Computer Law Commons, Internet Law Commons, Marketing Law Commons, and the Privacy Law Commons Recommended Citation David E. Sorkin, Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mail, 35 U.S.F. L. Rev. 325 (2001). https://repository.law.uic.edu/facpubs/160 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by UIC Law Open Access Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in UIC Law Open Access Faculty Scholarship by an authorized administrator of UIC Law Open Access Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mailt By DAVID E. SORKIN* "Spamming" is truly the scourge of the Information Age. This problem has become so widespread that it has begun to burden our information infrastructure. Entire new networks have had to be constructed to deal with it, when resources would be far better spent on educational or commercial needs. United States Senator Conrad Burns (R-MT)1 UNSOLICITED ELECTRONIC MAIL, also called "spain," 2 causes or contributes to a wide variety of problems for network administrators, t Copyright © 2000 David E. Sorkin. * Assistant Professor of Law, Center for Information Technology and Privacy Law, The John Marshall Law School; Visiting Scholar (1999-2000), Center for Education and Research in Information Assurance and Security (CERIAS), Purdue University. -
The Botnet Chronicles a Journey to Infamy
The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy Trend Micro, Incorporated Rik Ferguson Senior Security Advisor A Trend Micro White Paper I November 2010 The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy CONTENTS A Prelude to Evolution ....................................................................................................................4 The Botnet Saga Begins .................................................................................................................5 The Birth of Organized Crime .........................................................................................................7 The Security War Rages On ........................................................................................................... 8 Lost in the White Noise................................................................................................................. 10 Where Do We Go from Here? .......................................................................................................... 11 References ...................................................................................................................................... 12 2 WHITE PAPER I THE BOTNET CHRONICLES: A JOURNEY TO INFAMY The Botnet Chronicles A Journey to Infamy The botnet time line below shows a rundown of the botnets discussed in this white paper. Clicking each botnet’s name in blue will bring you to the page where it is described in more detail. To go back to the time line below from each page, click the ~ at the end of the section. 3 WHITE -
Successful Non-Governmental Threat Attribution
Successful Non-Governmental! Threat Attribution, Containment! and Deterrence: A Case Study! Joe St Sauver, Ph.D. ! [email protected] or [email protected]! Internet2 Nationwide Security Programs Manager! November 2nd, 2010, 1:15-2:30 PM, Chancellor I! http://pages.uoregon.edu/joe/attribute-contain-deter/! Disclaimer: The opinions expressed are those of the author and ! do not necessarily represent the opinion of any other party.! I. Introduction! 2! Cyberspace: Anonymous and Undeterred?! • General Keith Alexander, Director of the National Security Agency (DIRNSA), recently commented [1] that in cyberspace:! "" "“It is difficult to deliver an effective response if the ! " "attacker's identity isn't known,” and ! " "“It is unclear if the government's response to cyber ! " "threats and attacks have deterred criminals, ! " "terrorists, or nations.” ! • That's a provocatively framed (if equivocal) assessment, and one worthy of careful consideration given its source. ! 3! Is The Concept of Deterrence Even Relevant to ! Attacks on Private Critical Cyber Infrastructure?! • In pondering that quote, I also note the National Research Council's (NRC's) “Cyber Deterrence Research and Scholarship” question number 39, [2] which asked: ! "" "How and to what extent, if at all, is deterrence applicable! " "to cyber attacks on private companies (especially those that! " "manage U.S. critical infrastructure)? ! • Since the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI) requested the NRC's inquiry into cyber deterrence, and since General Alexander is now leading the new United States Cyber Command as well as the National Security Agency, it is appropriate to consider these two questions jointly. ! 4! Can We Identify An Example of Successful Attribution and Cyber Deterrence?! • If we are to prove that cyber deterrence is both relevant and possible, and that the difficulties associated with attribution can be overcome, we must be able to point to at least one example of successful attribution and cyber deterrence. -
Compu Talk Vol
Sri Sathya Sai College for Women, Bhopal 2017 A newsletter from the Dept. of Computer Sci. & Appl. Compu Talk Vol. III Cyber Security job oppurtunities Botnet Department of Computer Computer Network Science and Application Firewall Departmental News Now Trending: including smartphones, televisions and tiny devices and integration of these as part of the Job Opportunities under the Cyber Internet of Things. Boom in cyber threats has Security Umbrella been an integral part of boom in information technology . Cyber security also known in simpler terms as computer security or IT security involves the Typical cyber security job titles and protection of computer systems from theft, descriptions may include the following: damage or destruction of 1. Security Analyst their hardware, software, data and information, as well from disruption, misuse or A Security Analyst analyzes and assesses misdirection of the services provided through vulnerabilities in the infrastructure which them to cause damage to the fellow humans or includes software, hardware and the society. associated networks. He/she performs The role of cyber security involves investigation using available tools, suggests controlling or limiting physical access to the counter-measures to remedy the detected hardware, as well as protecting them against any vulnerabilities, and recommends solutions harm or attack that may come via network and best practices. He/she analyzes and access intrusion, data insertion and code assesses the damage done to the injection and remote control. IT security is data/infrastructure as a result of security susceptible to being tricked into deviating from incidents, examines available recovery tools secure procedures through various methods. and processes, and recommends solutions. -
Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mail†
35 U.S.F. L. REV. 325 (2001) Technical and Legal Approaches to Unsolicited Electronic Mail† By DAVID E. SORKIN* “Spamming” is truly the scourge of the Information Age. This problem has become so widespread that it has begun to burden our information infrastructure. Entire new networks have had to be constructed to deal with it, when resources would be far better spent on educational or commercial needs. United States Senator Conrad Burns (R-MT)1 UNSOLICITED ELECTRONIC MAIL, also called “spam,”2 causes or contributes to a wide variety of problems for network administrators, † Copyright © 2000 David E. Sorkin. * Assistant Professor of Law, Center for Information Technology and Privacy Law, The John Marshall Law School; Visiting Scholar (1999–2000), Center for Education and Research in Information Assurance and Security (CERIAS), Purdue University. The author is grateful for research support furnished by The John Marshall Law School and by sponsors of the Center for Education and Research in Information Assurance and Security. Paul Hoffman, Director of the Internet Mail Consortium, provided helpful comments on technical matters based upon an early draft of this Article. Additional information related to the subject of this Article is available at the author’s web site Spam Laws, at http://www.spamlaws.com/. 1. Spamming: Hearing Before the Subcomm. on Communications of the Senate Comm. on Commerce, Sci. & Transp., 105th Cong. 2 (1998) (prepared statement of Sen. Burns), available at 1998 WL 12761267 [hereinafter 1998 Senate Hearing]. 2. The term “spam” reportedly came to be used in connection with online activities following a mid-1980s episode in which a participant in a MUSH created and used a macro that repeatedly typed the word “SPAM,” interfering with others’ ability to participate. -
Symantec Intelligence Report: June 2011
Symantec Intelligence Symantec Intelligence Report: June 2011 Three-quarters of spam send from botnets in June, and three months on, Rustock botnet remains dormant as Cutwail becomes most active; Pharmaceutical spam in decline as new Wiki- pharmacy brand emerges Welcome to the June edition of the Symantec Intelligence report, which for the first time combines the best research and analysis from the Symantec.cloud MessageLabs Intelligence Report and the Symantec State of Spam & Phishing Report. The new integrated report, the Symantec Intelligence Report, provides the latest analysis of cyber security threats, trends and insights from the Symantec Intelligence team concerning malware, spam, and other potentially harmful business risks. The data used to compile the analysis for this combined report includes data from May and June 2011. Report highlights Spam – 72.9% in June (a decrease of 2.9 percentage points since May 2011): page 11 Phishing – One in 330.6 emails identified as phishing (a decrease of 0.05 percentage points since May 2011): page 14 Malware – One in 300.7 emails in June contained malware (a decrease of 0.12 percentage points since May 2011): page 15 Malicious Web sites – 5,415 Web sites blocked per day (an increase of 70.8% since May 2011): page 17 35.1% of all malicious domains blocked were new in June (a decrease of 1.7 percentage points since May 2011): page 17 20.3% of all Web-based malware blocked was new in June (a decrease of 4.3 percentage points since May 2011): page 17 Review of Spam-sending botnets in June 2011: page 3 Clicking to Watch Videos Leads to Pharmacy Spam: page 6 Wiki for Everything, Even for Spam: page 7 Phishers Return for Tax Returns: page 8 Fake Donations Continue to Haunt Japan: page 9 Spam Subject Line Analysis: page 12 Best Practices for Enterprises and Users: page 19 Introduction from the editor Since the shutdown of the Rustock botnet in March1, spam volumes have never quite recovered as the volume of spam in global circulation each day continues to fluctuate, as shown in figure 1, below. -
Downloading and Running
City Research Online City, University of London Institutional Repository Citation: Meng, X. (2018). An integrated networkbased mobile botnet detection system. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis, City, Universtiy of London) This is the accepted version of the paper. This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. Permanent repository link: https://openaccess.city.ac.uk/id/eprint/19840/ Link to published version: Copyright: City Research Online aims to make research outputs of City, University of London available to a wider audience. Copyright and Moral Rights remain with the author(s) and/or copyright holders. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to. Reuse: Copies of full items can be used for personal research or study, educational, or not-for-profit purposes without prior permission or charge. Provided that the authors, title and full bibliographic details are credited, a hyperlink and/or URL is given for the original metadata page and the content is not changed in any way. City Research Online: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/ [email protected] AN INTEGRATED NETWORK- BASED MOBILE BOTNET DETECTION SYSTEM Xin Meng Department of Computer Science City, University of London This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy City University London June 2017 Declaration I hereby declare that except where specific reference is made to the work of others, the contents of this dissertation are original and have not been submitted in whole or in part for consideration for any other degree or qualification in this, or any other University. This dissertation is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration, except where specifically indicated in the text. -
Coordinating Across Chaos: the Practice of Transnational Internet Security Collaboration
COORDINATING ACROSS CHAOS: THE PRACTICE OF TRANSNATIONAL INTERNET SECURITY COLLABORATION A Dissertation Presented to The Academic Faculty by Tarun Chaudhary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree International Affairs, Science, and Technology in the Sam Nunn School of International Affairs Georgia Institute of Technology May 2019 COPYRIGHT © 2019 BY TARUN CHAUDHARY COORDINATING ACROSS CHAOS: THE PRACTICE OF TRANSNATIONAL INTERNET SECURITY COLLABORATION Approved by: Dr. Adam N. Stulberg Dr. Peter K. Brecke School of International Affairs School of International Affairs Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Michael D. Salomone Dr. Milton L. Mueller School of International Affairs School of Public Policy Georgia Institute of Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Dr. Jennifer Jordan School of International Affairs Georgia Institute of Technology Date Approved: March 11, 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I was once told that writing a dissertation is lonely experience. This is only partially true. The experience of researching and writing this work has been supported and encouraged by a small army of individuals I am forever grateful toward. My wife Jamie, who has been a truly patient soul and encouraging beyond measure while also being my intellectual sounding board always helping guide me to deeper insight. I have benefited from an abundance of truly wonderful teachers over the course of my academic life. Dr. Michael Salomone who steered me toward the world of international security studies since I was an undergraduate, I am thankful for his wisdom and the tremendous amount of support he has given me over the past two decades. The rest of my committee has been equally as encouraging and provided me with countless insights as this work has been gestating and evolving. -
Cyberpro December 4, 2008
Volume 1, Edition 15 CyberPro December 4, 2008 Keeping Cyberspace Professionals Informed Officers The articles and information appearing herein are intended for President educational purposes to promote discussion in the public interest and to Larry K. McKee, Jr. keep subscribers who are involved in the development of Cyber-related concepts and initiatives informed on items of common interest. The Senior Analyst newsletter and the information contained therein are not intended to Jim Ed Crouch provide a competitive advantage for any commercial firm. Any ------------------------------ misuse or unauthorized use of the newsletter and its contents will result CyberPro Research in removal from the distribution list and/or possible administrative, civil, Analyst and/or criminal action. Kathryn Stephens The views, opinions, and/or findings and recommendations contained in this summary are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official position, policy, or decision of the United States Government, CyberPro Archive U.S. Department of Defense, or National Security Cyberspace Institute. To subscribe or unsubscribe to this newsletter click here CyberPro News Subscription. Please contact Larry McKee , ph. (757) 871-3578, regarding CyberPro subscription, sponsorship, and/or advertisement. All rights reserved. CyberPro may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without prior NSCI consent. 110 Royal Aberdeen Smithfield, VA 23430 ph. (757) 871 - 3578 CyberPro National Security Cyberspace Institute P a g e | 1 Volume -
Detection of Distributed Denial-Of-Service Attacks in Encrypted Network Traffic
Mikko Hyvärinen Detection of Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks in Encrypted Network Traffic Master’s Thesis in Information Technology December 9, 2016 University of Jyväskylä Department of Mathematical Information Technology Author: Mikko Hyvärinen Contact information: [email protected] Supervisor: Timo Hämäläinen & Mikhail Zolotukhin Title: Detection of Distributed Denial-of-Service Attacks in Encrypted Network Traffic Työn nimi: Hajautettujen palvelunestohyökkäysten havainnointi salatussa verkkoliiken- teessä Project: Master’s Thesis Study line: Software Development Page count: 122+9 Abstract: Context: Distributed denial-of-service attacks have existed for two decades. Var- ious strategies have been developed to combat the increasing volume of attacks over the years. Application layer attacks are becoming more common, and they are harder to detect. Current detection methods analyze traffic features. The packet payload is encrypted in an SSL/TLS traffic, and it cannot be analyzed. Objective: The thesis studies the current situa- tion of detection of DDoS attacks in an SSL/TLS encrypted traffic. Also, the thesis presents a K-means++ clustering-based detection method and comparable simulation results with the previous literature. Methods: The author conducted a light systematic mapping study by searching common computer science literature libraries. The author ran experiments with the clustering-based method in a virtual network. Results: The mapping study found that the detection methods concentrate on clustering and statistical anomaly detection methods. In the experiments, denial-of-service attack simulations revealed that the K-means++ clus- tering detects trivial DDoS attacks with near 100% accuracy. Datasets were found to be an important part when comparing results. Conclusion: The mapping study revealed encrypted denial-of-service research study areas where more research is needed when compared to the non-encrypted counterpart. -
Glossary of Spam Terms
white paper Glossary of Spam terms The jargon of The spam indusTry table of Contents A Acceptable Use Policy (AUP) . 5 Alias . 5 Autoresponder . 5 B Ban on Spam . 5 Bayesian Filtering . 5 C CAN-SPAM . 5 Catch Rate . 5 CAUSe . 5 Challenge Response Authentication . 6 Checksum Database . 6 Click-through . 6 Content Filtering . 6 Crawler . 6 D Denial of Service (DoS) . 6 Dictionary Attack . 6 DNSBL . 6 e eC Directive . 7 e-mail Bomb . 7 exploits Block List (XBL) (from Spamhaus org). 7 F False Negative . 7 False Positive . 7 Filter Scripting . 7 Fingerprinting . 7 Flood . 7 h hacker . 8 header . 8 heuristic Filtering . 8 honeypot . 8 horizontal Spam . 8 i internet Death Penalty . 8 internet Service Provider (iSP) . 8 J Joe Job . 8 K Keyword Filtering . 9 Landing Page . 9 LDAP . 9 Listwashing . 9 M Machine-learning . 9 Mailing List . 9 Mainsleaze . 9 Malware . 9 Mung . 9 N Nigerian 419 Scam . 10 Nuke . 10 O Open Proxy . 10 Open Relay . 10 Opt-in . 10 Opt-out . 10 P Pagejacking . 10 Phishing . 10 POP3 . 11 Pump and Dump . 11 Q Quarantine . 11 R RBLs . 11 Reverse DNS . 11 ROKSO . 11 S SBL . 11 Scam . 11 Segmentation . 11 SMtP . 12 Spam . 12 Spambot . 12 Spamhaus . 12 Spamming . 12 Spamware . 12 SPewS . 12 Spider . 12 Spim . 12 Spoof . 12 Spyware . 12 t training Set . 13 trojan horse . 13 trusted Senders List . 13 U UCe . 13 w whack-A-Mole . 13 worm . 13 V Vertical Spam . 13 Z Zombie . 13 Glossary of Spam terms A acceptable use policy (AUP) A policy statement, made by an iSP, whereby the company outlines its rules and guidelines for use of the account . -
Image Spam Detection: Problem and Existing Solution
International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056 Volume: 06 Issue: 02 | Feb 2019 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Image Spam Detection: Problem and Existing Solution Anis Ismail1, Shadi Khawandi2, Firas Abdallah3 1,2,3Faculty of Technology, Lebanese University, Lebanon ----------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Today very important means of communication messaging spam, Internet forum spam, junk fax is the e-mail that allows people all over the world to transmissions, and file sharing network spam [1]. People communicate, share data, and perform business. Yet there is who create electronic spam are called spammers [2]. nothing worse than an inbox full of spam; i.e., information The generally accepted version for source of spam is that it crafted to be delivered to a large number of recipients against their wishes. In this paper, we present a numerous anti-spam comes from the Monty Python song, "Spam spam spam spam, methods and solutions that have been proposed and deployed, spam spam spam spam, lovely spam, wonderful spam…" Like but they are not effective because most mail servers rely on the song, spam is an endless repetition of worthless text. blacklists and rules engine leaving a big part on the user to Another thought maintains that it comes from the computer identify the spam, while others rely on filters that might carry group lab at the University of Southern California who gave high false positive rate. it the name because it has many of the same characteristics as the lunchmeat Spam that is nobody wants it or ever asks Key Words: E-mail, Spam, anti-spam, mail server, filter.