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Bedrock Geologic Map of the Liberty Bell Area, Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle, Bonnifield Mining District, Alaska

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Bedrock Geologic Map of the Liberty Bell Area, Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle, Bonnifield Mining District, Alaska Athey and others—Bedr Athey and ock geologic map of the Liberty Bell area, Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle, Bonnifield mining district, Alaska—DG A-4 Quadrangle, Bonnifield mining district, ock geologic map of the Liberty Bell area, Fairbanks Report of Investigations 2006-2 Version 1.0.1 BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LIBERTY BELL AREA, FAIRBANKS A-4 QUADRANGLE, BONNIFIELD MINING DISTRICT, ALASKA by J.E. Athey, R.J. Newberry, M.B. Werdon, L.K. Freeman, R.L. Smith, and D.J. Szumigala GS Report of Investigations 2006-2 v. 1.0.1 GS Report of Investigations 2006-2 v. Published by STATE OF ALASKA DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL & GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS 2006 Report of Investigations 2006-2 Version 1.0.1 BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LIBERTY BELL AREA, FAIRBANKS A-4 QUADRANGLE, BONNIFIELD MINING DISTRICT, ALASKA by J.E. Athey, R.J. Newberry, M.B. Werdon, L.K. Freeman, R.L. Smith, and D.J. Szumigala 2006 This DGGS Report of Investigations is a final report of scientific research. It has received technical review and may be cited as an agency publication. STATE OF ALASKA Frank Murkowski, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Mike Menge, Commissioner DIVISION OF GEOLOGICAL & GEOPHYSICAL SURVEYS Robert F. Swenson, Acting State Geologist and Acting Director Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys publications can be inspected at the following locations. Address mail orders to the Fairbanks office. Alaska Division of Geological University of Alaska Anchorage Library & Geophysical Surveys 3211 Providence Drive 3354 College Road Anchorage, Alaska 99508 Fairbanks, Alaska 99709-3707 Elmer E. Rasmuson Library Alaska Resource Library University of Alaska Fairbanks and Information Services (ARLIS) Fairbanks, Alaska 99775-1005 3150 C Street, Suite 100 Anchorage, Alaska 99503 Alaska State Library State Office Building, 8th Floor 333 Willoughby Avenue Juneau, Alaska 99811-0571 This publication released by the Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys was produced and printed in Fairbanks, Alaska at a cost of $23 per copy. Publication is required by Alaska Statute 41, “to determine the potential of Alaskan land for production of metals, minerals, fuels, and geothermal resources; the location and supplies of groundwater and construction materials; the potential geologic hazards to buildings, roads, bridges, and other installations and structures; and shall conduct such other surveys and investigations as will advance knowledge of the geology of Alaska.” ii CONTENTS Abstract .................................................................................................................................................................. 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................. 2 Discussion of geology ............................................................................................................................................. 3 Lithologic studies and interpretation .............................................................................................................. 3 Quaternary units ....................................................................................................................................... 3 Tertiary sedimentary rocks ....................................................................................................................... 3 Paleozoic units.......................................................................................................................................... 12 Totatlanika Schist .............................................................................................................................. 12 Keevy Peak Formation ...................................................................................................................... 13 Structure........................................................................................................................................................... 18 Mineralization and Cretaceous intrusions....................................................................................................... 20 Unit descriptions ..................................................................................................................................................... 24 Tertiary sedimentary rocks .............................................................................................................................. 24 Tertiary–Cretaceous igneous rocks ................................................................................................................. 26 Paleozoic units ................................................................................................................................................. 27 Acknowledgments ................................................................................................................................................... 30 References cited ...................................................................................................................................................... 31 TABLES Table 1. Clustered items shown with their corresponding distance coefficients ............................................... 5 2. Normalized major point-count parameters of Tertiary sandstone ........................................................ 8 3. Qualitative comparison of montmorillonite and kaolinite content in Nenana Gravel and Usibelli Group clays.............................................................................................................................. 11 4. Pollen samples from random outcrop locations in the Tertiary Usibelli Group .................................. 11 5. Interpreted 40Ar/39Ar ages for selected samples from the Liberty Bell area, Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle .................................................................................................................... 14 6. Placer gold composition from Little Moose Creek .............................................................................. 22 FIGURES Figure 1. Location figure showing the map and airborne geophysical survey areas in relation to rural communities, transportation systems, and utilities ...................................................................... 2 2. Dendrogram showing statistical distance between samples (or degree of dissimilarity) versus groupings of similarly composed Tertiary sandstone ........................................................................... 5 3. Tectonic provenance for Usibelli Group and Nenana Gravel sandstone clasts ................................... 9 4. Paleocurrent directions measured from cross-beds in the Liberty Bell area ....................................... 10 5. Summary of SHRIMP U-Pb ages from Paleozoic rocks collected in the Alaska Range Foothills ..... 13 6. Discriminant analysis of metasedimentary and meta-igneous rocks from the Liberty Bell area ........ 16 7. Tectonic setting for igneous and meta-igneous rocks from the Liberty Bell area as indicated by trace-element discrimination diagrams ....................................................................... 19 8. Gridded ore-element data from rock samples in the Liberty Bell Mine area ...................................... 21 9. Typical(?) gold composition patterns for Interior Alaskan intrusion-related deposits ........................ 23 iii APPENDICES Appendix A. Geochemical analyses of Paleozoic samples................................................................................. 35 B. 40Ar/39Ar analyses ........................................................................................................................... 47 C. Grain-mount petrology of Tertiary samples .................................................................................. 59 D. Clay compositions of Tertiary samples .........................................................................................71 E. Palynology ..................................................................................................................................... 75 F. Energy and geochemical analyses of coal and coal ash ................................................................ 83 G. Alaska Resource Data File occurrences in the southern half of the Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle ............................................................................................................. 95 SHEET (in envelope) Bedrock geologic map of the Liberty Bell area, Fairbanks A-4 Quadrangle, Bonnifield mining district, Alaska BEDROCK GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE LIBERTY BELL AREA, FAIRBANKS A-4 QUADRANGLE, BONNIFIELD MINING DISTRICT, ALASKA by Jennifer E. Athey1, Rainer J. Newberry2, Melanie B. Werdon1, Lawrence K. Freeman1, Robin L. Smith1, and David J. Szumigala1 Abstract The geology of the Liberty Bell area, located in the northern Alaska Range foothills, comprises Devo- nian metasedimentary and meta-igneous rocks of the Totatlanika Schist and Keevy Peak formations, Creta- ceous and Tertiary igneous rocks, and overlying unconsolidated Tertiary sedimentary rocks of the Usibelli Group and the younger Nenana Gravel. Broad folds and high-angle faults form and expose east–west- trending bands of Paleozoic and Tertiary rocks across the map area. Ore-element geochemistry and geologic mapping suggest the east–west-oriented faults are reactivated (latest apparent movement is reverse on north-dipping [57–90°] faults
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