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UDBINA Socijal Isticka Federativna Republika Jugoslavija L 33-128 UDBINA Socijal isticka Federativna Republika JugoslaviJa OSNOVNA GEOLOSKA KARTA 1 : 100000 TUMAC! za list UDBINA L 33-128 Beograd 1976. REDAKCIJSKI ODBOR: Prof. dr· Milorad Dimitrijevic Prof. dr Stevan Karamata Dr Boris Siko§ek Dr Dobra Veselinovic Izdaje Savezni geoloski zavod, Beograd Naklada od 500 primjeraka kao sastavni dio primerka lista karte s kojom se pakira u plastienu futrolu Tisak: "PRIVREDNI PREGLED", Beograd. MarSala Birjuzova 3. KARTU I TUMAC IZRADIO INSTITUT ZA GEOLOSKA ISTRAZIVANJA ZAGREB 1965. Autori karte: M. SU8NJAR, B. SOKAC, S. BAHUN, J. BUKOVAC, L. NIKLER, A. IVANOVIC Suradnici na karti: M. MALEZ, A. MILAN, I. VELIC, D. SAVIC, I, GU8IC, S. MARINCIC, I. GALOVIC,A.8U8NJARA, M. POSAVEC, M. MILANOVIC, J. ZUPANIC,A. POL8AK, I. GRIMANI, P. JOVANIC, P. JOVIe, T. JAGACIC Autori tumaea: B. SOKAC, M. SU8NJAR, J. BUKOVAC, S. BAHUN Suradnici na tumaru: A. IVANOVIC, P. JOVIC, M. MALEZ, A. MILAN, M. MILANOVIC, L. NIKLER, D. SAVIC, B. SCAVNICAR, A. SIMUNIC, I. VELIC, J. ZUPANIC SADRZAJ UVOD 5 MaIm 33 GEOGRAFSKI PREGLED ........... 5 Donji maIm 33 PREGLED DOSADASNJIH ISTRA:lI- Gornji maIm ................. 34 VANJA ........................... 8 KREDA ......................... 34 PRIKAZ OPCE GRADE TERENA 11 Donja kreda 35 OPIS KARTIRANIH JEDINICA ...... 18 Gornja kreda ................... 35 KARBON ....................... 18 TERCIJAR ....................... 36 Srednji karbon 18 KVARTAR ....................... 37 Gornji karbon ................... 19 Pleistocen 37 PERM ........................... 20 Holocen 38 Donji perm ..................... 20 TEKTONIKA 40 Srednji perm ................... 20 Tektonska jedinica Velebit 40 Srednji i gornji perm ............. 21 Tektonska jedinica Bruvno 42 TRIJAS ......................... 22 Tektonska jedinica Kremen ....... 43 Donji trijas ..................... 22 Tektonska jedinica Pisac-Udbina ... 43 Sajske naslage ................. 22 Tektonska jedinica LiCka Pljesivica .. 44 Kampilske naslage ............. 23 Tektonska jedinica Cemernice-Kulen Srednji trijas ................... 24 Vakuf ......................... 44 Anizik ....................... 24 MINERALNE SIROVINE ......... 48 Ladinik ....................... 26 Ukrasni kamen 48 Gornji trijas ..................... 28 Barit ......................... 49 JURA ........................... 31 Boksit ......................... 50 Lijas 31 HISTORIJA STVARANJA TERENA 51 Doger 33 LITERATURA ..................... 55 UVOD Geolosko snimanje podrucja lista Udbina-I05 izvrbo je u periodu od 1963. do 1965. godine. Ove je radove izveo Institut za geoloska istrazivanja u Zagrebu. Na terenskim radovima sudjelovali su geolozi: Bahun S., Bukovac l, Galovic 1., Gusic 1., Ivanovic A, Majcen Z., Malez M., MarinCic S., Milan A., Milanovic M., Nikler L., Posavec M., Savic D., Sokac B., Susnjar M., Susnjara A., Velic 1. i ZupaniC l Analiza mikrofosila paleozojskih naslaga izvrsio je MilanoviC M. Mikropaleontolosku obradu trijaskih sedimenata izvrsili su: Herak M., Bahun S. i Sokac B., dok su jurske mikrofosile obradili: Grimani M., Gusic 1., Milan A., Nikler L. Analizu krednih mikrofosila izvrsili su: Grimani M., Ivanovic A i Gusic 1. Obradu paleogenskih mikrofosila izvrsila je Muldini-Ma­ muzic S. Krednu makrofaunu obradio je PolSak A. Uz sudjelovanje u terenskim istrazivanjima, sedimentolosku i petrografsku obradu izvrsili su mineralozi i geolozi: Jovic P., Scavnicar B., Simunic A., Susnjara AI. i Zupanic l Obradu mineralnih lezista izvrsio je MiloseviC F., a posebno boksitna lezista Sakac K. Fotogeoloska obrada lista izvrsena je u okviru ekipa koje su ucestvovale na terensko-kabinetskim radovima. U osnovnu kartu usIa su i podrucja Licke Pljesivice i Bruvna, koja su reambulirana u okviru lista Udbina. U podrucju Licke Plje.sivice prethodna istrazivanja izvrsili su geolozi: PolSak A., i Milan A, JagaCic T., Bukovac J., a u podrucfu Bruvna: Susnjar M., Grimani 1., Bukovac J. i JovaniC P. Prilikom izrade geoloske kartel: 100000 detalji koji nisu mogli biti prikazani u ovom mjerilu oznaceni su u tekstu. Tekst tumaca je priredio za tisak D. Veselinovic, a strueno-tehnicku redakciju karte izvrsio je D. Dragic GEOGRAFSKIPREGLED List Udbina-105 zahvaca podrucje izmedu 15°30'00" i 16°00' istocne duzine i 44°20' i 44°40' sjeverne sirine. Ukupna povdina lista iznosi 1 480 km2 • List sadrZi po Greenwich-u 16 ka­ rata, 1 : 25 000. NajveCi dio lista Udbina-105 predstavljen je planinskim podrucjem. Morfoloski se isticu: na jugozapadnom dijelu masiv Velebita s vrhom - Vaganski vrh (1758 m), Babin vrh (1145 m), Malovan (1708 m) i drugi, a na sjeveroistocnom dijelu masiv Licke Pljesivice s vrhovima Ozeblin (1657 m) i Rudi lisac (1611 m). Izmedu njih se prostire Licko sredogorje s nekoliko znacajnijih vrhova: Trovrh, Urljaj, Lisac, Jasenar-vrh, Risovac i drugi. U ovom su dijelu raz- 5 15°30' 16°00' .OGULIN I °Glinica ~ .SLUNJ ~ () ..0 Cazin 0 ~ ,., ~~ ·OTOCAC () V B. KRUPA 0"<) .- • BIHAC G r -' ~ ~ "°40' .. \J\\ ~ .L GOSPIC@ ~ ° Kulen Vakuf UDBINA. < (") t .OBROVAC -Sl. 1. - Geografski polozaj !ista Udbina. Geographic position of the sheet Udbina. reorpa$lf'leCKoe Dono­ meHll:e JlliCTa YA6rota. 6 - vijena i tipska krska polja: Krbavsko, Gubaveevo, Mazinsko, Lapaeko, a manjim dijelom zahvaca list i Lieko polje. Krska morfologija, koja je karakteristiena za najveCi dio lista, oeituje se razvojem ponikava, uvala, kdkih polja i slabo razvedenom hidroloskom mrezom, s estavelama i ponomicama. Vodeni tokovi pripadaju iskljuCivo rijeksma ponomicama. Liekim poljem prema sjeverozapadu teee Lika s pritokom Glomoenicom i Jadovom, a prema jugoistoku teku Rieica i Opsenica. Od Bruvna na jug, u Graeaeko polje, teee Otuea. U Krbavskom polju teku Krbava i Korma­ nusa, koje predstavljaju povremene tokove. Pojave izvora i vodenih tokova na sjeveroistoenim padinama Velebita vezane su za nepropusne naslage. Kompleksi mjesane cmogoriene i bje1ogoriene sume pokrivaju dijelove Velebita, Lieke Plje­ sivice i Kremana. U dijelu Liekog sredogorja, pokrivenom vegetacijom, prevladava sikara, koja cini teren tesko prohodnim. Otkriveni dijelovi terena podvrgnuti su intenzivnijoj eroziji, koja je najbolje izrazena u podrucju Bruvna. Uz relativno slabu komunikacionu mrefu razvijena su veca naselja: Udbina, Medak, Sv. Rok, Lovinac, Rieice, Donji Lapac, Mazin i Bruvno. NajveCi se broj komunikacija nalazi na podrucju Lickog polja. Tu je zeljeznicka pruga Gos­ pic-Knin i cesta koja veze ove gradove. Znacajne su ceste Udbina-Donji Lapac, Udbina­ Gospic, zatim Titova Korenica-Udbina-Otocac i Bihac-Donji Lapac-Graeac. 7 PREGLED DOSADA~NJIH ISTRAZIVANJA Za podrucje lista Udbina-105 postoji relativno mali broj starijih radova i oni se uglavnom odnose na Velebit, Licku Pljesivicu i Bruvno. NajveCi dio Lickog sredogor;a do sada nije geo­ loski obradivan. Prva istrazivanja vrsena su na ekskurzijama beckih geologa, u drugoj polovici proslog stoljeca. U svojim izvestajima oni daju sarno opceniti prikaz geologije istrazenog terena. Na osnovu ovih podataka izradena je Pregledna geoloska karta Austro-ugarske monarhije, list X od F. Hauera (1868), koja obuhvaca snimljeno podrucje lista Udbina. Na ovoj su karti stratigrafski Clanovi izdvojeni opcenito kao karbon, trijas, kreda i eocen. Geoloska karta G. Stache-a (1889) ne saddi neke znacajnije promjene u odnosu na kartu F. Hauera (1868), jedino je izvrsena detaljnija podjela trijasa. D. Gorjanovic (1910) dao je u svom izvjestaju kratak prikaz geoloskih odnosa na podrucju Velebita. U periodu do 1. Svjetskog rata znacajniji su radovi R. Schubert-a, E. Lange-a, F. Koch-a i M. Salopeka. Geolosko istrazivanje dalmatinskog dijela Velebita izvdio je R. Schubert (1909). Njegova karta Medak-Sv. Rok zahvaca krajnji jugozapadni dio lista Udbina, na .kome je on izdvojio naslage karbona, perma, trijasa (verfen, muselkalk, kIimenta-vapnenac, rabelj, glavni dolomit) i jure (lijaski vapnenac, lithiotis-slojeve, mrljasti i kladokoropsis-vapnenci). U tektonskom pogledu Schubert smatra, da je masiv Velebita autohton. F. Koch (1909) je kartirao sjeveroistocni dio lista Medak-Sv. Rok. Njegova kart a s tumacem zahvaca sire podrucje jugozapadnog dijela lista Udbina. Prikazao je razvoj karbonskih, trijaskih (verfenskih, anizickih, ladinickih, karnickih i norickih), jurskih i donjokrednih naslaga. Stra­ tigrafsko rasClanjavanje je izvrsio na osnovu manjeg broja makrofosila, dok mikrofosile spominje sarno genericki. F. Koch smatra, da je grada Velebita jednostavna i "da glavnom smjeru gor­ skog bila odgovara i protezanje naslaga, tj. jugozapad-sjeveroistok". Iz vapnenaca sjeveroistocno od Donjeg Lapca M. Salopek (1910) je odredio amonite na osnovu kojih je vapnence toga lokaliteta usporedio s lemeskim naslagama Dalmacije. Misljenje 0 jednostavnoj, autohtonoj gradi Velebita zastupa i M. Salopek (1914) poslije spo­ menutih radova R. Schubert-a i F. Koch-a. E. Lange (1911) je u svom radu izrazio sumnju 0 vjerodostojnost odredbi R. Schubert-a. Izmedu dva rata ima malo radova koji se odnose na ovo podrucje. V. Simic (1936) je stratigrafskim i tektonskim istrazivanjem, a osobito nOVIJlm shvacanjem o rasponu nekih fosila, utvrdio da su u paklenickom paleozojskom prodoru zastupani sarno 8 permski sedimen:i. Na sjeveroistocnim obroncima Velehita odredio je faunu brahiopoda, skoljkasa i dr. U istom radu strukturni polozaj dijela naslaga u podrucju Paklenice Simie rje­ sava navlacenjem. 171 glinenih skriljavaca okolice Raduca F. Nemec (1936) odredio je mnoge vrste Pteridopyta i Puridosptrme, Cime je zakljucio da ovi sedimenti pripadaju gornjem karbonu. J. Poljak (1940) odredio je hetetide iz titonskih
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