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Report of RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer Cruise NBP02-04 to the Western Antarctic Peninsula 31 July to 18 September 2002

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Report of RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer Cruise NBP02-04 to the Western Antarctic Peninsula 31 July to 18 September 2002 Report of RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer Cruise NBP02-04 to the Western Antarctic Peninsula 31 July to 18 September 2002 United States Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program Report Number 8 Report of RVIB Nathaniel B. Palmer Cruise 02-04 to the Western Antarctic Peninsula 31 July to 18 September 2002 This report was prepared by Peter Wiebe, Eileen Hofmann, Bob Beardsley, Chris MacKay, Kendra Daly, Jose Torres, Scott Gallager, Christine Ribic, Erik Chapman, Ryan Dorland, Frank Stewart, Jenny Boc, Gareth Lawson, Yulia Serebrennikova, Gustavo Thompson, and Francisco “Chico” Viddi with assistance from colleagues in the scientific party, and of the Raytheon Support Services. Dicky Allison provided assistance in proofing the text. United States Southern Ocean Global Ocean Ecosystems Dynamics Program Report Number 8 Available from U.S. Southern Ocean GLOBEC Planning Office Center for Coastal Physical Oceanography Crittenton Hall Old Dominion University Norfolk, VA 23529 Sponsored by Office of Polar Programs, National Science Foundation 2 Acknowledgments This was the fourth and final broad-scale survey cruise to the Southern Ocean GLOBEC Study site on the Western Antarctic Peninsula. In spite of very formidable pack ice conditions in much of the area, the N.B. Palmer was able to take us to much of the area in which we wished to work and we were able to accomplish much of the science that we set out to do. This was due in part to the skill and expertise of Captain Joe and the officers in working in winter sea ice conditions. It was also due to the fine technical assistance we have received from all ten members of the Raytheon Marine Technical Support Group. The crew of the Palmer also played an important role in keeping the morale high. A special thanks to Ernest Skelly and his galley crew for their culinary expertise. The success of the cruise was due to the collective efforts of all of these individuals. Throughout the cruise there was a camaraderie and friendliness among all the participants that made this expedition a great pleasure. NBP02-04 Cruise Participants on the RVIB N.B. Palmer (see facing page) Kneeling Row1 (L-R): Dicky Allison, Scott Gallager, Nancy Ford, Phil Alatalo, Jamee Johnson, Jose Torres Crouching Row2 (L-R): Jenny Boc, Emily Yam, Alec Scott Row 3 (starting left of middle): Eileen Hofmann, Karie Sines, Susan Beardsley, Chris Ribic, Chris Shepherd, Todd Johnson, Tom Bailey (back), Ryan Dorland (front), Chris MacKay, Yulia Serebrennikova, Kendra Daly. Row 4: Peter Wiebe, Sarah Dizick, Gareth Lawson, Frank Stewart, Gustavo Thompson, Bob Beardsley, Melanie Parker, Chico Viddi, Erik Chapman, Baris Salihoglu, Kathleen Gavahan, Jason Zimmerman, Fred Stuart, Frank Welte, Partricia Jackson, Steve Bell, Joe Donnelly, Kerri Scolardi, Stian Alesandrini. Not shown: Paul Huckins 3 04 Cruise Participants - NBP02 4 5 TABLE OF CONTENTS PURPOSE OF THE CRUISE .............................................................................................................. 10 CRUISE NARRATIVE ....................................................................................................................... 14 INDIVIDUAL PROJECT REPORTS ................................................................................................... 44 1.0 Hydrography and Circulation ......................................................................................................... 44 1.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 44 1.2 Data Collection and Methods ............................................................................................. 45 1.2.1 CTD and Water Samples .................................................................................... 46 1.2.1.1 CTD Salinity Calibration ...................................................................... 47 1.2.1.2 Oxygen Calibration ............................................................................. 50 1.2.2 Expendable Probes ............................................................................................ 52 1.2.3 ADCP Measurements......................................................................................... 52 1.3 Preliminary Results........................................................................................................... 53 1.3.1 Water Masses ................................................................................................... 53 1.3.2 Water Mass and Circulation Distribution .............................................................. 55 1.4 Hydrography/Circulation Highlights from all SO GLOBEC Cruises ......................................... 58 1.5 Acknowledgments............................................................................................................ 58 2.0 Microstructure Measurements with CMiPS..................................................................................... 58 2.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 58 2.2 Instrumentation and Data Collection ................................................................................... 59 2.3 Data Processing............................................................................................................... 61 2.4 Instrumentation Problems ................................................................................................. 64 2.5 Preliminary Results........................................................................................................... 65 2.5.1 Anchor Station 1............................................................................................... 65 2.5.2 Anchor Station 2............................................................................................... 66 2.5.3 Anchor Station 3............................................................................................... 66 2.5.4 Anchor Station 4............................................................................................... 68 2.5.5 Anchor Stations 5 and 6..................................................................................... 69 2.5.6 Anchor Stations 7 and 8..................................................................................... 69 3.0 Meteorological Measurements........................................................................................................ 70 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 70 3.2 Instrumentation................................................................................................................ 70 3.3 Data Acquisition and Processing ........................................................................................ 72 3.4 Description of Cruise Weather ........................................................................................... 72 3.5 Description of Surface Fluxes ........................................................................................... 72 4.0 Nutrients..................................................................................................................................... 74 4.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 74 4.2 Methods.......................................................................................................................... 74 4.3 Data ............................................................................................................................... 75 4.4 Preliminary Results for Nutrient Concentrations................................................................... 75 4.5 References ...................................................................................................................... 77 5.0 Primary Production ...................................................................................................................... 77 5.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................... 77 5.2 Methods.......................................................................................................................... 77 5.2.1 Sampling Locations ........................................................................................... 77 5.2.2 Depths ............................................................................................................. 78 5.2.3 Equipment ........................................................................................................ 78 6 5.3 Data Collected ................................................................................................................. 78 5.4 Preliminary Results.......................................................................................................... 78 6.0 Zooplankton Studies ..................................................................................................................... 82 6.1 Zooplankton Sampling with the 1-m2 MOCNESS Net System ............................................... 82 6.1.1 Introduction...................................................................................................... 82 6.1.2 Methods and Approach...................................................................................... 82 6.1.3 Preliminary Findings
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