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THE LOGANIACEAE of AFRICA XVIII Buddleja L. II Revision of the African and Asiatic Species
582.935.4(5) 582.935.4(6) MEDEDELINGEN LANDBOUWHOGESCHOOL WAGENINGEN • NEDERLAND • 79-6 (1979) THE LOGANIACEAE OF AFRICA XVIII Buddleja L. II Revision of the African and Asiatic species A. J. M. LEEUWENBERG Laboratory of Plant Taxonomy and Plant Geography, Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands Received 24-X-1978 Date of publication 5-IX-1979 H. VEENMAN & ZONEN B.V. -WAGENINGEN- 1979 CONTENTS page INTRODUCTION 1 GENERAL PART 2 History of the genus 2 Geographical distribution and ecology 2 Relationship to other genera 3 TAXONOMIC PART 5 The genus Buddleja 5 Sectional arrangement 7 Discussion of the relationship ofth e sections and of their delimitation 9 Key to the species represented in Africa 11 Key to the species indigenous in Asia 14 Alphabetical list of the sections accepted and species revised here B. acuminata Poir 17 albiflora Hemsl 86 alternifolia Maxim. 89 asiatica Lour 92 auriculata Benth. 20 australis Veil 24 axillaris Willd. ex Roem. et Schult 27 bhutanica Yamazaki 97 brachystachya Diels 97 section Buddleja 7 Candida Dunn 101 section Chilianthus (Burch.) Leeuwenberg 7 colvilei Hook. f. et Thorns. 103 cordataH.B.K 30 crispa Benth 105 curviflora Hook, et Arn Ill cuspidata Bak 35 davidii Franch. 113 delavayi Gagnep. 119 dysophylla (Benth.) Radlk. 37 fallowiana Balf. f. et W. W. Smith 121 forrestii Diels 124 fragifera Leeuwenberg 41 fusca Bak 43 globosa Hope 45 glomerata Wendl. f. 49 indica Lam. 51 japonica Hemsl. 127 lindleyana Fortune 129 loricata Leeuwenberg 56 macrostachya Benth 133 madagascariensis Lam 59 myriantha Diels 136 section Neemda Benth 7 section Nicodemia (Tenore) Leeuwenberg 9 nivea Duthie 137 officinalis Maxim 140 paniculata Wall 142 polystachya Fresen. -
Rozdil 1 Obkladynka
GTXFS=PF During the annual studies, such fenophases were recorded: the beginning of the vegetation; the beginning, the mass, and the end of flowering; the beginning and end of fruiting; the end of the vegetation, as well as the established duration of flowering periods, fruiting and vegetation in general. The earliest and the most recent dates of all phenophases passages have been established and their dependence on seasonal weather conditions has been noted. The data processing of observations was carried out according to the methodologies described in the works of Beideman I. N., Zaitseva G. N. Statistical processing of data was carried out according to the method of G. N. Zaytseva as an arithmetic mean. There were established average long-term dates of the phenophases beginning. The average date for the beginning of the vegetation is April 6, the end of the growing season is October 7. The flowering starts, in average, on the 8th of May, the mass starts on May 17th and ends on May 30th. The difference between the average phenodates of the beginning and the mass flowering is 9 days, and the average long-lasting cycle of flowering lasted 22 days. The duration of flowering at different times varies within 15-34 days. Also, the average fruiting terms of the species are set up: the beginning is May 27, and the end is July 3. The duration of the fruiting period during the years of observation was 25-54 days, and the vegetation on the whole - 140-250 days. It is noted that the seasonal duration of D. -
Systematics of Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae): Phylogenetic Relationships, Historical Biogeography, and Phylogenomics
Systematics of Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae): phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography, and phylogenomics John H. Chau A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Washington 2017 Reading Committee: Richard G. Olmstead, Chair Verónica S. Di Stilio Adam D. Leaché Program Authorized to Offer Degree: Department of Biology ©Copyright 2017 John H. Chau University of Washington Abstract Systematics of Buddleja (Scrophulariaceae): phylogenetic relationships, historical biogeography, and phylogenomics John H. Chau Chair of the Supervisory Committee: Professor Richard G. Olmstead Department of Biology Plants display incredible diversity, in morphology and spatial distribution, which can best be understood in an evolutionary context. The reconstruction of how this diversity has evolved can illuminate patterns and trends in the evolution of functionally and ecologically important traits and on how modern plant communities have formed around the globe. Case studies of individual taxa that encompass such diversity allow for thorough taxonomic sampling and detailed analysis of traits and distribution. The tribe Buddlejeae in Scrophulariaceae comprises 108 species of trees and shrubs in five genera: Buddleja, Chilianthus, Emorya, Gomphostigma, and Nicodemia. They are variable in flower color and shape, inflorescence architecture, fruit type, leaf shape and texture, and habitat preference, among other traits. They also have a wide distribution in tropical montane and subtropical regions of Africa, Madagascar, Asia, North America, and South America. Prior phylogenetic studies including the group have had limited taxonomic sampling, and evolutionary relationships between species and genera remained unknown. In Chapter 1, I infer a phylogeny for tribe Buddlejeae with extensive taxonomic sampling from all five genera and all major areas of distribution, using multiple nuclear and plastid markers. -
Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific
Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Medicinal Plants of Asia and the Pacific Christophe Wiart, Pharm.D. Ethnopharmacologist Boca Raton London New York CRC is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 2006 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC 7245_Discl.fm Page 1 Wednesday, December 21, 2005 2:07 PM Published in 2006 by CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group 6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300 Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742 © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group No claim to original U.S. Government works Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper 10987654321 International Standard Book Number-10: 0-8493-7245-3 (Hardcover) International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-8493-7245-2 (Hardcover) Library of Congress Card Number 2005036199 This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. Reprinted material is quoted with permission, and sources are indicated. A wide variety of references are listed. Reasonable efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, but the author and the publisher cannot assume responsibility for the validity of all materials or for the consequences of their use. No part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmitted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without written permission from the publishers. For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com (http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. -
The Encyclopedia of Gardening
THE ENCYCLOP/EDIA OF GARDENING. A DICTIONARY OF CULTIVATED PLANTS, ETC.,, GIVING IN ALPHABETICAL SEQUENCE THE CULTURE AND PROPAGATION OF HARDY AND HALF-HARDY PLANTS, TREES ANI" SHRUBS, ORCHIDS, FERNS, FRUIT, VEGE-TABLES, HOTHOUSE AND GREENHOUSE PLANTS, Etc., INCLUDING THEIR SPECIFIC "AND COMMON NAMES. BY |ANDERS, F.L.S.. F.R.H.S. (Knight 0/ Pip6t Glass 0/ the Royal Ordee of Wasa, Sweden), " Editor of "Amateur Gardening"and Farm and Garden' ; Author of "The Alphabet of Gardening," "Amateur's Greenhouse." "Vegetables and theirCultivation,""The Flower Cardan," Etc. THIRTEENTH EDITION. LONDON : W. H. " L. COLLINGRIDGE, 148 " 149/ AUersgate St.. E.G. COLLINGBIDGE, " L. W. H. Printers, Street. Aldersgate E.C. London, FOREWORDS edition of work Ix issuing this, a thoroughly revised a which has previously passed through twelve editions, and thus abundantly testified its value as a work of reference the culture of all the of on genera trees, shrubs, orchids, ferns, hardy plants,hothouse and greenhouse plants, and vegetables worthy of a place in British gardens, the Author the desires to express his gratitude to many time persons who have written to him from time to tc point out errors or omissions in past editions, and to saj- he that trusts every purchaser of this volume will find it an acceptable, useful and valued guide to the successful cultivation of plants grown in their gardens and green-houses. The Author begs to refer the Reader to the latter his portion of introductory remarks for information as to the general features of the work and the improve-ments made therein.