DESERT CALENDAR September 27-October 6—New Mex- ico State Fair, Albuquerque, New Mexico. September 29-30—San Geronimo Fi- esta, Taos, New Mexico. October 1-2 — Taos Village Fiesta, Taos, New Mexico. October 1-31 — Special Exhibit of American Indian handicraft from collection of the late Kathryn W. Leighton, noted artist. Southwest Volume 15 OCTOBER, 1952 Number 10 Museum, Highland Park, Los An- geles, California. COVER Storm over Taos Pueblo, New Mexico October 3-4—Spanish Village Fiesta, By Willard Luce, Provo, Utah. Rancho de Taos, Taos, New Mex- LETTERS Comment from Desert's readers 2

October 4—Feast Day of St. Francis CALENDAR October events on the desert ...... 3 of Assisi, patron saint of Santa Fe. Santa Fe, New Mexico. POETRY Land-Locked Sea Monster, and other poems . . 4 October 4 — Annual Fiesta and MEMORIAL Nevills Plaque is Dedicated 5 Dances, Nambe Indian Pueblo, New Mexico. EXPLORATION Glen Canyon Voyage October 4-6 — Navajo Indian Fair, By RANDALL HENDERSON 7 Shiprock, New Mexico. TRUE OR FALSE A test of your desert knowledge 12 October 5—Fifth Annual Colorado INDIANS River Outboard Motor Boat Race, Tribal Meeting of the Navajo 13 Needles, California. By DOROTHY PILLSBURY FICTION Hard Rock Shorty of Death Valley 16 October 7-11—Eastern New Mexico State Fair, Roswell, New Mexico. INVITATION Pegleg Trek and Liars Contest 16 October 9-11 — Las Cruces Lions' WILDLIFE Death Valley Playmates, by PAT STURTEVANT 17 Cotton Carnival, Las Cruces, New Mexico. PLAYGROUND Cliff Home of the Ancients October 9-12 — Tri-State Fair and By WELDON F. HEALD 18 Rodeo, Deming, New Mexico. MINING Current news of desert mines 22 October 10-12 — Greenlee County PHOTOGRAPHY Picture of the Month 23 Fair, Clifton, Arizona. LOST MINE Lost Pima Indian Gold October 11-12—Annual Liars Con- test (formerly on New Year's Eve) By JOHN D. MITCHELL 24 and Pegleg Smith Gold Trek. CONTEST Prizes for camera pictures 25 Borrego Valley, California. I See page 16.) HISTORY The Salt in Salton Sea, by W. DEANE WILEY . 26 CLOSE-UPS October 17-19—15th Annual Pioneer About those who write for Desert 28 Days Celebration, Twentynine NEWS Palms, California. From Here and There on the Desert 29 HOBBY Gems and Minerals 35 October 18-19—Cochise County Fair, Douglas, Arizona. FIELD TRIP Gems, Minerals and Mines Along Southwestern Trails, by CLAUDE A. CONLIN, JR. ... 38 October 19-25—Southwestern Cattle LAPIDARY Festival. Clovis, New Mexico. Amateur Gem Cutter, by LELANDE QUICK . . 41 COMMENT October 31—Hallowe'en Mardi Gras, Just Between You and Me, by the Editor ... 42 Barstow, California. BOOKS Reviews of Southwestern literature 43 The Desert Magazine is published monthly by the Desert Press, Inc., Palm Desert, California. Re-entered as second class matter July 17, 1948, at the post office at Palm Desert, California, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Title registered No. 358865 in U. S. Patent Office, and contents copyrighted 1952 by the Desert Press, Inc. Permission to reproduce contents must be secured from the editor in writing. RANDALL HENDERSON, Editor MARGARET GERKE, Associate Editor BESS STACY, Business Manager MARTIN MORAN, Circulation Manager Unsolicited manuscripts and photographs submitted cannot be returned or acknowledged unless full return postage is enclosed. Desert Magazine assumes no responsibility for damage or loss of manuscripts or photographs although due care will be exercised. Sub- scribers should send notice of change of address by the first of the month preceding issue. SUBSCRIPTION RATES One Year $3.50 Two Years $6.00 Canadian Subscriptions 25c Extra, Foreign 50c Extra Subscriptions to Army Personnel Outside U. S. A. Must Be Mailed in Conformity With P. O. D. Order No. 19687 Address Correspondence to Desert Magazine, Palm Desert, California OCTOBER, 1952 At the dedication of the Nevills plaque, left to right, The Nevills plaque will remain on the canyon wall just , master of ceremonies, Frank E. Mas- beneath Navajo bridge over the , as a land, Joan Nevills, Sandra Nevills, Mary Ogden Abbott, permanent tribute to the memory of the famous river- sculptor, and Mrs. Mae Nevills. man and his wife, Doris. Nevills Plaque is Dedicated Following is the inscription engraved in bronze on the TRAVELING from the South plaque shown above. Rim of to the North Rim, and vice versa, cross the Colorado River on Nav- ajo bridge in northern Arizona. Beneath the steel girders at the western abutment THEY RUN THE RIVERS OF ETERNITY of this bridge a little group of Grand Canyon voyagers IN MEMORY OF and their friends gathered from across the nation last NORMAN D. NEVILLS July 11 to honor the memory of one of the West's APRIL 9, 1908—SEPTEMBER 19, 1949 greatest rivermen, Norman Nevills—and his wife, Doris. AND DORIS, HIS WIFE Nevills' adventurous career as a pilot-boatman on MARCH 11, 1914—SEPTEMBER 19, 1949 the wildest rivers in western United States came to an WHO SOUGHT AND RAN AND MASTERED end September 19, 1949, when he and Doris plunged THE WILD AND SECRET WATERS to their death in a rocky canyon just after taking off SAN JUAN RIVER • GREEN RIVER in their private plane at their home at Mexican Hat, COLORADO RIVER • GRAND CANYON Utah. SALMON RIVER • SNAKE RIVER Immediately after their tragic death, friends of the Nevills began making preparations for a memorial— BY THE RIVER THEY LOVED SO WELL and the gathering at Navajo bridge last July was for IN THE DESERT THAT WAS THEIR HOME the unveiling of a bronze plaque which had been in THIS RECORD IS PLACED BY the making for more than two years. THE CANYONEERS For 10 years, Norman and Doris Nevills had oper- ated as a team. Norman was the designer and builder of the rugged little cataract boats which had proved

OCTOBER, 1952 their stability on six expeditions through the treacher- ous rapids of Grand Canyon. While Norman was on the river, Doris was the manager of shore operations. She planned the menus, bought the food, and attended to the thousand and one details necessary to operate a fast schedule of river trips during the summer season each year. Barry Goldwater, city councilman in Phoenix, and companion of Norman Nevills on more than one of his river excursions, flew in from the Arizona capital in his private plane to officiate as master of ceremonies at the unveiling of the plaque. Assisting him in the dedication ritual were Mary Ogden Abbott of Concord. Massachusetts, artist who had carved the original model for the plaque, and Frank E. Masland of Carlisle, Pa., whose interest and financial help had made the mem- orial possible. The Nevills' daughters, Joan and Sandra, and Mae Nevills, Norman's mother, were present at the cere- monies. In a brief program just before the unveiling of the plaque, Wayne McConkie of Moab, Utah, for- mer boatman for Nevills, offered an invocation. Ben Avery, newspaperman of Phoenix, was present as the personal representative of Governor Pyle, and Frank Streater of Moab spoke in behalf of Governor Lee of Utah.

To Comeron

DESERT MAGAZINE Rainbow bridge, with two members of the party on top. Frank Wright, senior pilot of the Mexican Hat Expeditions. Glen Canyon Voyage

By RANDALL HENDERSON When Norman and Doris tance of 20 miles, and he called this Map by Norton Allen Nevills met tragic death in an sector Cataract Canyon. AST FEBRUARY Jim Rigg airplane accident in Septem- Below Cataract Canyon the river wrote to me: "In connection ber, 1949, the river boats which flows through Glen Canyon as far as with the dedication of the Nev- Norman had designed and the mouth of the Paria River. At that ills plaque at Marble Canyon next built for his river excursions point Glen Canyon gives way to July, Frank Wright and I are plan- were purchased from the es- Marble Canyon, and below the junc- ning a trip down the Colorado River tate by I. Frank Wright of tion of the Little Colorado Marble through Glen Canyon from Hite, Utah, Blanding, Utah, and James Canyon becomes Grand Canyon. and we would like to have you as one Rigg of Grand Junction, Colo- In Cataract, Marble and Grand of our guests. We plan to leave Hite rado. Wright and Rigg had Canyons the river plunges down steep on July 4 and reach Lee's ferry July served as boatmen, and had declivities, forming rapids which have 10, the day before the dedication." acquired skill in running the given the Colorado River its reputa- I was glad to accept this invitation, rapids under the tutelage of tion as a treacherous stream to navi- for I have long wanted to become bet- Nevills. For three years the gate. ter acquainted with certain landmarks team of Wright and Rigg, op- But sandwiched in between Cataract along the upper Glen Canyon sector erating as Mexican Hat Expe- and Marble Canyons, from the tribu- of the Colorado. I had previously ditions, have been carrying on tary Fremont River to Lee's ferry, is navigated lower Glen Canyon with successfully the river traditions a 149-mile sector where the mighty both Norman Nevills and Harry Ale- left them by the Nevills. Colorado flows in a deep well-defined son, but the sector above the Esca- channel with hardly a riffle to break lante River junction was still strange sible for the sector names given to the the surface of the water. to me. various canyons through which his On his original voyage of explora- Major John Wesley Powell, who little river flotilla passed. Below Moab, tion Powell called this sector Mound first explored the Colorado River in Utah, Powell encountered a rugged and Monument Canyons, but on his 1869, and again in 1872, was respon- series of rapids extending for a dis- second trip he renamed it Glen Can- OCTOBER, 1952 yon. The best description of this can- yon was written by Lewis R. Freeman who accompanied U. S. Engineer E. C. La Rue on a surveying expedition here in 1922. Freeman wrote: "Glen Canyon is the Grand Canyon on a slightly reduced scale; but what it lacks in sheer magnitude it makes up in the added charms of its gentler natural beauties. Although its walls are neither less sheer nor less lofty than the average run of those of the Inner Gorge of the greater chasm, the less torrential current of the river— due to slighter declivity — in Glen Canyon has permitted the formation of more frequent and more fertile stretches of wooded bank and bench. One is never out of sight of trees, nor often of flowers . . . But the crowning glory of Glen Canyon is in the bower- like amphitheaters of verdure that are responsible for its name . . . they form an almost unbroken chain of hanging gardens through the 150 miles from the mouth of Fremont River to the head of Marble Canyon." This is the canyon through which Frank Wright and Jim Rigg of the Mexican Hat Expeditions proposed to make a 7-day run preceding the date of the Nevills dedication at the head of Marble Canyon. Our starting point was to be at Hite where Art and Delia Chaffin operate a ferry across the Colorado River (Desert Magazine, February '52). The crossing at this point was named for Cass Hite, a recluse who had settled there in 1883. In 1898 when reports were circulated through the West that the sands of the Colorado River were rich in gold, there was a stampede of fortune-hunters to this area and in 1900 a postoflice was established at Hite. The place soon became too crowded for Cass Hite and he moved down- stream and built a little hermit's cabin at the mouth of Ticaboo Creek where he died in 1912. The postofiice at Hite was closed when the sands of the Colorado failed to yield enough gold to pay for the mining. But since this was one of the few points along the Colorado River

Above—Frank E. Masland and Dr. Josiah Eisaman in the fold- boat with which they accompan- ied the expedition through Glen Canyon. Middle—On the sandbar at For- bidden Canyon. Rubber boat trips through (lien Canyon have become very popular. Below—Old log cabin built by the late , veteran river man, six miles below Hite ferry.

DESERT MAGAZINE where it is accessible for approach roads on both sides, the place has re- mained on the maps as a river cross- ing. Many Utahans believe that event- ually a bridge will be erected here. A majority of the members of our party assembled for the expedition on the morning of July 3 at the home of Frank Wright in Blanding, Utah. Here food for our 7-day trip was packed, and sleeping bags assigned to those who did not already have them. Early in the afternoon, in a station wagon and a truck carrying the three boats for our river trip, we headed up over Elk Ridge on the road to Hite cross- ing, passing between the buttes known as the "Bear's Ears" and continuing past the Natural Bridges National Monument to the Chaffin ferry land- ing. Intensive prospecting since World War II has disclosed several uranium deposits in this area, and a mill for the processing of the ore has been erected along the Colorado River just above the ferry. The Chaffins were away when we reached the river, and the ferry was being operated by Reuben and Beth Nielsen. Three members of our river party arrived at the crossing the morning of July 4, having come in from the west by way of Hanksville. When the boats were launched and passengers assigned to their seats our roster was as follows: In the boat Music Hall: Frank Wright, boatman, and Tad and Mary Jane Nichols of Tucson, Arizona, pas- sengers. In the Redbud Canyon: Bob Rigg, boatman, and Warner Seeley of Cleve- land, Ohio, and his daughter Susan, passengers. In the Hidden Passage: John Har- per, boatman, and Mary Ogden Ab- bott of Concord, Massachusetts, and myself, passengers. The boats, named for tributary can- yons along the San Juan and Colo- rado Rivers, were built by Norman

Above—Members of the expedi- tion, left to right, Randall Hen- derson, Frank Masland, Frank Wright, Tad Nichols, John Har- per, Mary Jane Nichols, Mary Ogden Abbott, Dr. Josiah Eisa- man, Bob Rigg, Susan and War- ner Seely. Middle — Night camps generally were on sandbars where there was driftwood. Below — Typical lunch menu: Lemonade, canned ham, canned fish, cheese, pickles, relish and bread.

OCTOBER, 1952 Nevills, and taken over by Wright and we could enjoy the luxury of fresh trance to Moki closed by a bar of Rigg following Nevills' death in 1949. meat. The rest of the week we got quicksand—and that discouraged any A fourth boat arrived on the scene our meat out of cans. further travel in that direction. just before we shoved off early in the We had come 12 miles this first Our camp that night was on a bar afternoon of July 4. This was a grace- afternoon—just drifting along. It was at the mouth of Bullfrog tributary, ful two-passenger foldboat which hot in mid-day. The thermometer and as on all the other nights we found Frank E. Masland brought from his went up to 97 degrees. But the water it necessary to crawl inside our sleep- home in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in a was cool and there was no discomfort ing bags for warmth, despite mid-day package not much bigger than a suit- when one could sit on the deck of the temperatures of nearly 100 degrees. case, and assembled at Hite landing. boat and drag his bare feet in the On Sunday, our third day on the Accompanying Masland was his friend stream. river, we reached Lake Canyon tribu- Dr. Josiah Eisaman of Pittsburgh. Frank was kindling a driftwood fire tary at nine in the morning, and hiked Their little canvas craft, weighing for breakfast when I awakened the a mile up along the little creek to some less than 60 pounds and fashioned next morning at 5:30. By eight o'clock well-preserved Moki cliff dwellings in somewhat after the lines of a kayak, we had eaten our breakfast of coffee, a great arched recess in the sandstone proved to be a fast sea-worthy boat cereal, bacon and eggs, and canned wall. The Indians abandoned their for Glen Canyon navigation. The two fruit and were ready to shove off. cliff homes here many hundreds of passengers occupied the limit of its Much of the second day's journey years ago, but one of the rooms re- space load, but with the Mexican Hat was through an area which had been mained in almost perfect state of pres- boats available for the transportation the center of a gold rush in the late ervation. It had been built with native of food and gear, the foldboat served 1890s. Some one had discovered fine stone laid in mud mortar, and the its role as purely a pleasure craft very gold dust in the sand along the river finger-prints of the Indian masons well, and all the members of the ex- —and several fortunes were spent in- could still be seen in the dry mud. pedition had the opportunity to ride stalling machinery to recover the gold After leaving Lake Canyon we rode in it during the 7-day river schedule. before it was proven that there wasn't for many hours between vertical walls Six miles downstream from Hite we enough of the yellow metal for profit- of red sandstone, stopping on a sand- pulled in for a landing at the 10-acre able operation. bar for lunch. Occasionally, high up ranch developed by the veteran river Some of the wreckage of the gold on a bench or ledge above the river man Bert Loper before his death in boom is still to be seen along the we could see a cairn, probably put July, 1949. Loper had found a fertile banks of the river. Late in the morn- there during the gold rush days as a bench which could be irrigated by ing we passed a huge steel frame corner monument for a mining claim. gravity from the little stream in Red perched on a protruding rock above There are also a few of the old Canyon a mile away, and had erected the river—the remains of what had Brown-Stanton survey stakes still to a stone and mud cabin here. The been known as the Bennett wheel. A be seen above the high water level. place is accessible only by river, or big water wheel had been installed to F. M. Brown in 1889 had undertaken by a very bad jeep road. It is one of develop power for pumping water to to run a survey down through the can- those hide-aways which city folks a sluicing plant on the bench higher yons of the Colorado River to deter- dream about—where they could go up. Many thousands of dollars had mine the feasibility of building a rail- and raise their own food and never been spent on this installation a half road to the west coast by this route. have to worry about tax assessors and century ago, but it was evident that Brown's chief engineer was Robert bill collectors. very little gravel had ever gone over Brewster Stanton, and when Brown This year the little ranch is being the sluiceway. was drowned after his boat capsized farmed by a Mormon boy, Elder But while there was not sufficient in upper Marble Canyon Stanton re- Trone. He told us he had a very fine gold to make this a paying operation, organized the expedition and com- crop of corn and melons until some I found a rich field of cutting material pleted the survey. In the end, it was range cattle discovered the garden, here for the rockhounds. There were agreed that the railroad in the canyon and ate much of it. Next season there great chunks of agate and jasper in was not feasible. will be fences to keep the cattle out. many shades, and fine specimens of Late in the afternoon of our third Since we had seven days in which black and white fossilized wood which day we passed the mouth of Escalante to cover a distance of 149 miles, and had been worn by ages of streambed River, one of the principal tributaries a 4-mile-an-hour current to carry us travel. Presumably this wood had of the Glen Canyon sector of the along, we floated down-stream at a come down from the Henry Moun- Colorado. Passing this point I re- leisurely pace, seldom using the oars. tains, and from the White Canyon called a rugged experience two years During that first afternoon we deposits described by Harold Weight ago when my wife and I undertook to passed a conspicuous landmark known in the Desert Magazine of March, run the Escalante River in rubber as Castle Butte — one of probably 1950. boats with Harry Aleson. The water more than a hundred buttes with this I also found similar material on was at such a low stage we spent most same name in western United States. several of the sand and gravel bars of the eight days hiking along the The hills and cliffs along much of our along this sector of Glen Canyon. shallow channel and dragging the afternoon route were beautifully tinted Since these specimens cannot be re- boats. {Desert Magazine, Sept. '50.) with pink, gray, brown and a dozen moved except by boat, it hardly is Below the Escalante we stopped to shades of yellow. The coloring re- likely this mineral field ever will be- replenish our water supply at Hole-in- minded me of Artist's Drive in Death come entirely exhausted. the-Rock spring. This place was given Valley National Monument. During the afternoon of this second its name when a wagon train of Mor- At sundown we pulled in to a sand- day we stopped at the entrance to mon settlers in 1879-80 crossed the bar opposite the mouth of Ticaboo Moki Canyon. At high water it is Colorado River here enroute to Bluff, Creek. Frank Wright, who was chief possible for small boats to run some Utah, to establish a colony. Several cook as well as skipper of the expedi- distance up in the tributary, to a lovely weeks' time were required to chisel a tion, soon had a delicious steak din- canyon vista where there is clear cool passageway through the rocks in order ner on the fire. This first night out water. However, we found the en- to get the wagons down to the river.

10 DESERT MAGAZINE Members of the expedition hiked up Lake Canyon a A bar of quicksand closed the mouth of Moki Canyon. mile to this well preserved cliff house relic of the days Tad Nichols and Bob Rigg are shown floundering in when Moki Indians lived here. the treacherous sandbar.

A bronze plaque now marks the spot Immediately below the San Juan side canyons along the Colorado, and and many of the Glen Canyon river junction are a series of side canyons perhaps discover scenic vistas and an- parties make an overnight stop at this of rare scenic beauty, and since they cient Indian ruins now unknown. place because of the fine spring. are easily accessible to river voyagers Our camp that night was on a sand- We decided to push on, and at 7:30 we made brief stops at all of them: At bar at the mouth of. Forbidden Can- passed the mouth of the San Juan Hidden Passage where a narrow slot yon—at the river end of the six-mile River and made camp on a 40-acre in the vertical side-wall leads back into trail which leads to Rainbow Natural sandbar deposited by this year's flood a labyrinth of colorful passageways; Bridge. Nearly every river party re- waters just below the junction of the at Music Hall, named by Powell in mains here for a day in order to visit San Juan with the Colorado. 1869 because of the acoustical quali- America's most spectacular natural At this point we reached a sector of ties of the great domed amphitheater arch of stone. Glen Canyon known to many hun- found here; at Twilight Canyon where The trail follows the floor of For- dreds of boat passengers who in recent the petroglyphs of prehistoric Indians bidden Canyon to its junction with years have been on one of the Mexi- are found on the side-wall of a rocky Bridge Canyon, and thence to the can Hat expeditions with Norman gorge which derives its name from Bridge. It is not a difficult route. I Nevills, Harry Aleson, Wright and the lack of sunlight beneath its over- have been over it four times, and my Rigg, and other boatmen who conduct hanging walls; at Mystery Canyon advice to hikers is to ignore the horse- excursions on the San Juan and thence where at high water a small boat may trail which climbs over the sandbanks through lower Glen Canyon to Lee's penetrate far back into the canyon at each bend in the canyon, and keep ferry. along a narrow winding channel, with to the hard rock at the creek level. On Monday, the 4th day of our a delicious pool at the end. Hiking in fine sand is much more tir- journey, we awakened to find the San This was a delightful day of side- ing than on rock—and the boatmen Juan pouring a stream of red fluid trips. One is amazed at the beauty who serve as guides on this route often mud into the channel of the Colorado. concealed in the recesses of those fail to point out this difference to their The upper San Juan flows through the great walls which form Glen Canyon. passengers. Painted Desert of northern Arizona, Much of this area has not been fully Along the floor of the canyon lead- and storms in the upper basin bring explored, and it remains for future down flood waters of various hues, ac- ing to the Bridge are many pools of Colorado River adventurers who have clear cool water—an ever present in- cording to the sector in which the rain- vitation to the hiker to stop for a fall occurs. unlimited time at their disposal to penetrate further into the labyrinth of refreshing dip.

OCTOBER, 1952 11 It is possible to reach the top of overland a mile and a half to the site. ule, and friends were on the river bank Rainbow Bridge by following a rather A majority of our party already had to greet us. The welcoming crowd was precipitous route up the south wall of visited the Escalante steps, and so we larger than usually greets river expe- Bridge Canyon to a point above the did not make the overland journey ditions at this point for the reason that arch, and then work down over a 50- on this occasion. Later we stopped the dedication of the Nevills plaque foot vertical rock face where toe and at the mouth of Padre Creek and was scheduled to take place the fol- finger holds have been chiseled in the Boatman John Harper went into the lowing day, and old rivermen and stone. When a rope is available for side-canyon a short distance and friends of the Nevills had gathered added security, there is no hazard in brought back the report that the sand from across the country to pay tribute this climb. was too soft for hikers. to the memory of Norman and Doris. Beneath the great rock span is a At 6:15 that evening our little flo- No river journey to Lee's ferry is book for the registration of visitors, tilla pulled in at a great arched recess quite complete without a final reunion kept here by the National Park Serv- in the canyon wall known as Outlaw dinner served by the Art Greene family ice. The bridge first was seen by a Cave. This is one of the favorite camp- at Cliff Dwellers' Lodge, 10 miles from white party which included John ing places for river parties, and the last Navajo Bridge on the road to House Wetherill and Byron Cummings in overnight stop before reaching Lee's Rock Valley1; August, 1909, and the number of vis- ferry. From here it is 17 Vz miles to After many years in the role of hosts itors on record from that date until the ferry. at Marble Canyon Lodge and more the day of our arrival there has been The following morning we got an recently at Cliff Dwellers', the Greenes 7997. During the last seven years an early start and before noon had Tanded have become as much an institution at average of 600 names have been at the sandbar below Lee's ferry where this place as have the Vermillion Cliffs added to the register annually. our journey ended. We were on sched- in whose shadow they dwell. On the sandbar at the mouth of For- bidden Canyon two other river parties Very few of us can travel the were camped while we were there, desert country as much as we both of them having come down the TRUE OR FALSE would like, but that is no rea- river in rubber boats of the World son why our knowledge of the desert should become rusty. These quiz War II salvage type. One of the questions which appear each month in Desert Magazine serve as a sort parties, with four of these boats, had of "refresher course" for those who like to keep in touch with the geog- fitted them with frames to carry out- raphy, the mineralogy, botany, history and lore of the arid Southwest. board motors. Twelve to 14 correct answers is a fair score; 15 to 17 is excellent; 18 or These river parties are typical of over is very superior. The answers are on page 25. increasing numbers of persons who 1—The bite of a Chuckawalla lizard sometimes proves fatal. True are making the Glen Canyon voyage False each summer in all kinds of craft— 2—The atlatl was a tool used by the Papago Indians to harvest fruit of rubber boats, foldboats, canoes, kay- the Saguaro cactus. True . False aks, rowboats of every type, and often 3—Tuzigoot Ruins National Monument is in New Mexico. True with outboard motors. False With no rapids to run, the Glen 4—Calcite is harder than rose quartz. True . False Canyon trip offers a safe, pleasant, 5—Visitors to the Petrified National Monument are permitted to pick and inexpensive outing for people of up and carry away specimens not exceeding one pound in weight. all ages. Many Boy Scout troops have True . False made the run in recent years. 6—Pyramid Lake in Nevada derives its name from a pyramid-shaped A sandstorm of short duration gave rock near its shores. True . False us a gritty hour on the sandbar after 7—Cochise was an Apache Indian chieftain. True . False we returned from our hike to Rainbow 8—The Mojavc River of California is a tributary of the Colorado. Bridge that evening. This was the True . False only unpleasant bit of weather we 9—A line drawn east and west through Salt Lake City would pass north encountered on the seven-day outing. of Reno, Nevada. True . False The photographers in our party com- 10- -The Virgin River flows through Zion National Park. True plained that they needed more clouds False for good picture composition, and we 1 1--Shivwits is the name of an Indian tribe in New Mexico. rue did have light sprinkles of rain on False two occasions. But most of the time 12- -Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormon Church, never saw Utah. we were floating down stream under True . False clear skies. -The Wasatch Mountains may be seen from the Great Salt Lake. We embarked at Forbidden Can- True . False yon on the sixth day of our trip at 14- -The blossom of the Joshua Tree is red. True . False 7:30 in the morning. At eleven we 15—Winnemucca, Nevada, derived its name from a Navajo Indian chief. reached Kane Creek where a landing True . False was made for lunch. A mile down- 16—Tinajas is a Spanish word commonly used in the Southwest meaning stream from here is Padre Creek where pack mule. True . False Father Escalante and the members of 17—The mineral specimens known as Apache Tears are nodules of ob- his party cut steps in the canyon side- sidian. True . False wall in order to ford their horses and 18—Death Valley Scotty was once a cowboy in Buffalo Bill's Wild West equipment across the stream during Show. True . False their historic trek in November, 1776. 19—The beans of the mesquite tree were a staple item of food for desert Since Padre Creek often is closed Indians when white men first explored the Southwest. True to hiking due to quicksand at its False mouth, river parties desiring to visit 20—Leader of the first expedition to seek the Seven Cities of Cibola was the old hand-hewn stone steps gener- Marcos de Niza. True . False ally land at Kane Creek and walk

12 DESERT MAGAZINE