Through Yon Window . . . Gold? Ontario, California Desert: 1 was very interested in John D. Mitchell's "Lost Mine with the Iron Door" in the July issue of Desert Mag- azine. Mitchell indicates the lost mine is located one league northwest of the Ventana or "Window Rock" in the Catalinas. According to this story, "when the miners stood at the mouth of the tunnel, they could look to the southeast and see through this window." On the south slope of the Catalinas, near the top, the.c is a rock formation with a V.entana facing in a southerly direction. Situated as it is, it is possible to look through it to the southeast, south or southwest. On top and at the west end of this formation is a stone face carved by nature. A picture taken looking to- ward the southeast shows the image facing the northeast. Although the directions do not gibe exactly, could it be that nature placed this stone sentinel to watch and guard the entrance to the Lost Mine with the Iron Door? This rock formation in the Catalina Mountains of Arizona may be the clue R. L. WITTER to the long-lost Mine with the Iron Door, believes Desert Reader R. L. Witter. • • • ing one of America's foremost prob- of $500 and six months in jail. In "Beercan Highway" . . . lems today. I believe more of this view of the terrible desecration com- Portal, Arizona type of "Beercan Highway" article mon in western caves, the society w 11 Desert: might reform some of the worst of- vigorously aid the prosecution of any I have long been engaged in a one- fenders. No one likes to be called a s:;ch vandalism discovered. man campaign to remove beer cans moron, and the:;: articles definitely ! Many mineralogists innocently seek and litter from our highway-sides. I put var.' ; :, and beer can throwers in cave specimens. A warning against am glad to learn, from "Between You that c'r.s sLich collecting might prevent serious and Me" in the September Desert, WELDON F. HEALD trouble as well as protect the beauty of that I have company. many a ca.ve. In this editorial, it is suggested that Rock'iounds Take Warning! . . . DR. W. R. HALLIDAY the brewing companies be forced to Salt Lake City, Utah Member. Board of Governors pay for the roadside cleanups. How- Desert: National Speleological Society ever, I cannot feel that the fault is Recent issues of Desert have car- • so with those who sell cans, but rather Virgin or Virgen? . . . with those who use them. ried brief notes mentioning talks given before gem and mineral groups by Washington, Utah I have written a humorous satire members of the National Speleological Desert: called "Beercan Highway" which will Society. I would like to point out that In "Lost Lead of the Santa Clara" be published in American Forests in slides illustrating these talks always in the September issue, I notice Des- the spring. I suggested to the editors ert uses the modern spelling of the that breweries be approached and show cave minerals in situ, it being against society policy to collect cvc:i Virgin River. persuaded, if possible, to include in I spell it Rio Virgen, the way it ap- their advertisements a note reminding broken specimens. To do so would encourage others to break off speci- peared in the old geographies. Many their customers: "Keep America's of us maintain that it was named for Highways Clean! Please do not throw mens, soon producing a thoroughly Thomas Virgen, one of Jedediah our cans out of your car." This would vandalized cave. Smith's men, and not by the Spaniards make them thousands of friends and Rockhounds should further be after the Virgin Mary. might have an effect on the thoughtless warned against collecting in caves since Escalantc called it "Sulphur River" nitwits who heave their empty cans in most states and in all national parks because of the sulphur springs near out on your roads and mine. and monuments it is against the law. La Verkin. Vandalism of all kinds is becom- Violators are subject to maximum fines RUFAS JOHNSON

DESERT MAGAZINE DESERT CALENDAR September 27-October 6—New Mex- ico State Fair, Albuquerque, New Mexico. September 29-30—San Geronimo Fi- esta, Taos, New Mexico. October 1-2 — Taos Village Fiesta, Taos, New Mexico. October 1-31 — Special Exhibit of American Indian handicraft from collection of the late Kathryn W. Leighton, noted artist. Southwest Volume 15 OCTOBER, 1952 Number 10 Museum, Highland Park, Los An- geles, California. COVER Storm over Taos Pueblo, New Mexico October 3-4—Spanish Village Fiesta, By Willard Luce, Provo, Utah. Rancho de Taos, Taos, New Mex- LETTERS Comment from Desert's readers 2

October 4—Feast Day of St. Francis CALENDAR October events on the desert ...... 3 of Assisi, patron saint of Santa Fe. Santa Fe, New Mexico. POETRY Land-Locked Sea Monster, and other poems . . 4 October 4 — Annual Fiesta and MEMORIAL Nevills Plaque is Dedicated 5 Dances, Nambe Indian Pueblo, New Mexico. EXPLORATION Glen Canyon Voyage October 4-6 — Navajo Indian Fair, By RANDALL HENDERSON 7 Shiprock, New Mexico. TRUE OR FALSE A test of your desert knowledge 12 October 5—Fifth Annual Colorado INDIANS River Outboard Motor Boat Race, Tribal Meeting of the Navajo 13 Needles, California. By DOROTHY PILLSBURY FICTION Hard Rock Shorty of Death Valley 16 October 7-11—Eastern New Mexico State Fair, Roswell, New Mexico. INVITATION Pegleg Trek and Liars Contest 16 October 9-11 — Las Cruces Lions' WILDLIFE Death Valley Playmates, by PAT STURTEVANT 17 Cotton Carnival, Las Cruces, New Mexico. PLAYGROUND Cliff Home of the Ancients October 9-12 — Tri-State Fair and By WELDON F. HEALD 18 Rodeo, Deming, New Mexico. MINING Current news of desert mines 22 October 10-12 — Greenlee County PHOTOGRAPHY Picture of the Month 23 Fair, Clifton, Arizona. LOST MINE Lost Pima Indian Gold October 11-12—Annual Liars Con- test (formerly on New Year's Eve) By JOHN D. MITCHELL 24 and Pegleg Smith Gold Trek. CONTEST Prizes for camera pictures 25 Borrego Valley, California. I See page 16.) HISTORY The Salt in Salton Sea, by W. DEANE WILEY . 26 CLOSE-UPS October 17-19—15th Annual Pioneer About those who write for Desert 28 Days Celebration, Twentynine NEWS Palms, California. From Here and There on the Desert 29 HOBBY Gems and Minerals 35 October 18-19—Cochise County Fair, Douglas, Arizona. FIELD TRIP Gems, Minerals and Mines Along Southwestern Trails, by CLAUDE A. CONLIN, JR. ... 38 October 19-25—Southwestern Cattle LAPIDARY Festival. Clovis, New Mexico. Amateur Gem Cutter, by LELANDE QUICK . . 41 COMMENT October 31—Hallowe'en Mardi Gras, Just Between You and Me, by the Editor ... 42 Barstow, California. BOOKS Reviews of Southwestern literature 43 The Desert Magazine is published monthly by the Desert Press, Inc., Palm Desert, California. Re-entered as second class matter July 17, 1948, at the post office at Palm Desert, California, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Title registered No. 358865 in U. S. Patent Office, and contents copyrighted 1952 by the Desert Press, Inc. Permission to reproduce contents must be secured from the editor in writing. RANDALL HENDERSON, Editor MARGARET GERKE, Associate Editor BESS STACY, Business Manager MARTIN MORAN, Circulation Manager Unsolicited manuscripts and photographs submitted cannot be returned or acknowledged unless full return postage is enclosed. Desert Magazine assumes no responsibility for damage or loss of manuscripts or photographs although due care will be exercised. Sub- scribers should send notice of change of address by the first of the month preceding issue. SUBSCRIPTION RATES One Year $3.50 Two Years $6.00 Canadian Subscriptions 25c Extra, Foreign 50c Extra Subscriptions to Army Personnel Outside U. S. A. Must Be Mailed in Conformity With P. O. D. Order No. 19687 Address Correspondence to Desert Magazine, Palm Desert, California OCTOBER, 1952 Sea By ALICE PUSTER Pomona, California What strange weird things I see In the twisted branches of a Joshua tree: A two-headed sea monster thrashing about. Its feelers and tentacles reaching out Twisting and turning in its sea of sand. For the unwary caught near at hand. So don't go too near, unwary one, But come stroll with me 'neath the desert sun: We'll look for other strange fantasies In the twisted limbs of a Joshua tree. • • • A DESERT FAIRYLAND By SUSIE EAGLESON My soul in solemn reverence knelt today For I'm sure the Great Creator passed ihis way. I stood where yesterday was barren sand And gazed upon a Desert Fairyland. The regal lilies with their snowy crest. So like the silken ruffles on a bridal dress. Brought to my mind the words of Jesus when He said. "They toil not neither do they spin." Yet the royal robes of Solomon ne'er com- pared With all the gorgeous colors growing there. The mountains in a gay parade were clothed Twisted Joshua tree along U. S. Highway 395 south of Red Mountain, In robes of purple interlaced with gold. While nestling at their feet in sandy nests. California. Photo by Alice Paster of Pomona, California, was awarded Like babes afraid to leave their Mother's second prize in Desert Magazine's August Picture-of-the-Month contest. breast. It was taken with an Argoflex camera, Super XX film, 1/100 second at fl6. Were tiny snow-white flowers with golden MONEY CANT BUY hearts DESERT PEACE So small and yet they still must have their By THELMA BLACK COMES WITH MOONLIGHT part Whittier, California In all this glorious Desert Fairyland By PAUL WILHELM Fashioned by our Great Creator's hand. Money can't buy the cool, blue dawn, Thousand Palms. California The yellow daisy and the blue lupine. The smell of the sage the dew lies on. I watched the moon rise out of desert hills. The stalwart primrose with its golden sheen. Money can't buy the lonesome low Peace comes with moonlight and the eve- All turn adoring faces to the sun Of a dogie that's lost and knows not where ning glow, to go. And curtsy and dance until the day is done. With cry of coyote, calling whippoorwills No words can e'er describe the beauty there; Money can't buy the faith it is true The soul of man can only kneel in prayer Of a stout hearted horse that will carry you And whispers in these ancient palms I know. Peace comes in fragrance from rippled And thank the loving Father on that day through. Should He perchance again to pass this way. The desert storm, the desert sand, dunes The sweat and thirst of the desert land. Kissed by the moonlight, cooled by winds • • • Money can't buy the crimson glow of night, FLOWER SHOW Of the western sky when the sun is low. Peace comes with bark of fox stalking sand By LUCY BARKER Money can't buy the warm desert gale, dunes, Long Beach, California Or the soft thud of hoofs on an alkali trail. From silver fronds reflecting star's pale When winter winds have spent their flair Money can't buy the campfire's cheer. light. In far flung dust and sanded air, Or the cry of a nightbird hovering near. The desert comes into its own Money can't buy a life free and fine A cricket's lullaby lends drowsy peace And piping frogs within a spring's deep And wraps the peace that spring has grown And wild and untamed as the coyotes' and About itself. It opens wide heart, The garden gate that none can hide Songs new in these old hills that will not Its transient bloom of brilliant flowers. DESERT HILL FOR LISTENING cease Each vibrant hue reflects the hours Though we, too, rest eternal and apart. By GASTON BURRIDGE Of love within the desert heart— Hills somber in the moonlight strangely And prompts this show of living art. Downey, California bring I like to sit upon this hill The heart sad joy, and light and song to me. Just listening to the quiet. More clear than curlew's lulling cry, I sing No railroad for a hundred miles, Enchanted by this peace, this moon beauty. Ctt No motor road comes nigh it. Few air-men ever saw these brown. ATTENTION, RABBITS! Uneven mountain shoulders By GRACE PARSONS HARMON And fewer still of trailsmen have Desert Hot Springs, California By TANYA SOUTH Consorted with these boulders. Attention, rabbits, gophers, mice, Somewhere in Eternity It is a lonely, friendly place All denizens at large! The highest heights still wait for me. Where eagles circle slowly, You've nibbled down my cactus bed The sweetest Heaven ever known An altar for the moon to light, For moisture—without charge! Beckons. Naught that I have done For storm-clouds to make holy. Compares in grandeur with those fine No distant humming motor bus, And noble splendours that await Few, but winds, come by it. With all this rain we've had to date, Your water store is big— In the eternal and divine I like to come upon this hill Future Fate. And just listen to the quiet. It's soaked five feet, E. Jaeger says. O. K.! Get out and dig!

DESERT MAGAZINE At the dedication of the Nevills plaque, left to right, The Nevills plaque will remain on the canyon wall just Barry Goldwater, master of ceremonies, Frank E. Mas- beneath Navajo bridge over the Colorado River, as a land, Joan Nevills, Sandra Nevills, Mary Ogden Abbott, permanent tribute to the memory of the famous river- sculptor, and Mrs. Mae Nevills. man and his wife, Doris. Nevills Plaque is Dedicated Following is the inscription engraved in bronze on the TRAVELING from the South plaque shown above. Rim of Grand Canyon to the North Rim, and vice versa, cross the Colorado River on Nav- ajo bridge in northern Arizona. Beneath the steel girders at the western abutment THEY RUN THE RIVERS OF ETERNITY of this bridge a little group of Grand Canyon voyagers IN MEMORY OF and their friends gathered from across the nation last NORMAN D. NEVILLS July 11 to honor the memory of one of the West's APRIL 9, 1908—SEPTEMBER 19, 1949 greatest rivermen, Norman Nevills—and his wife, Doris. AND DORIS, HIS WIFE Nevills' adventurous career as a pilot-boatman on MARCH 11, 1914—SEPTEMBER 19, 1949 the wildest rivers in western United States came to an WHO SOUGHT AND RAN AND MASTERED end September 19, 1949, when he and Doris plunged THE WILD AND SECRET WATERS to their death in a rocky canyon just after taking off SAN JUAN RIVER • GREEN RIVER in their private plane at their home at Mexican Hat, COLORADO RIVER • GRAND CANYON Utah. SALMON RIVER • SNAKE RIVER Immediately after their tragic death, friends of the Nevills began making preparations for a memorial— BY THE RIVER THEY LOVED SO WELL and the gathering at Navajo bridge last July was for IN THE DESERT THAT WAS THEIR HOME the unveiling of a bronze plaque which had been in THIS RECORD IS PLACED BY the making for more than two years. THE CANYONEERS For 10 years, Norman and Doris Nevills had oper- ated as a team. Norman was the designer and builder of the rugged little cataract boats which had proved

OCTOBER, 1952 their stability on six expeditions through the treacher- ous rapids of Grand Canyon. While Norman was on the river, Doris was the manager of shore operations. She planned the menus, bought the food, and attended to the thousand and one details necessary to operate a fast schedule of river trips during the summer season each year. Barry Goldwater, city councilman in Phoenix, and companion of Norman Nevills on more than one of his river excursions, flew in from the Arizona capital in his private plane to officiate as master of ceremonies at the unveiling of the plaque. Assisting him in the dedication ritual were Mary Ogden Abbott of Concord. Massachusetts, artist who had carved the original model for the plaque, and Frank E. Masland of Carlisle, Pa., whose interest and financial help had made the mem- orial possible. The Nevills' daughters, Joan and Sandra, and Mae Nevills, Norman's mother, were present at the cere- monies. In a brief program just before the unveiling of the plaque, Wayne McConkie of Moab, Utah, for- mer boatman for Nevills, offered an invocation. Ben Avery, newspaperman of Phoenix, was present as the personal representative of Governor Pyle, and Frank Streater of Moab spoke in behalf of Governor Lee of Utah.

To Comeron

DESERT MAGAZINE Rainbow bridge, with two members of the party on top. Frank Wright, senior pilot of the Mexican Hat Expeditions. Glen Canyon Voyage

By RANDALL HENDERSON When Norman and Doris tance of 20 miles, and he called this Map by Norton Allen Nevills met tragic death in an sector Cataract Canyon. AST FEBRUARY Jim Rigg airplane accident in Septem- Below Cataract Canyon the river wrote to me: "In connection ber, 1949, the river boats which flows through Glen Canyon as far as with the dedication of the Nev- Norman had designed and the mouth of the Paria River. At that ills plaque at Marble Canyon next built for his river excursions point Glen Canyon gives way to July, Frank Wright and I are plan- were purchased from the es- Marble Canyon, and below the junc- ning a trip down the Colorado River tate by I. Frank Wright of tion of the Little Colorado Marble through Glen Canyon from Hite, Utah, Blanding, Utah, and James Canyon becomes Grand Canyon. and we would like to have you as one Rigg of Grand Junction, Colo- In Cataract, Marble and Grand of our guests. We plan to leave Hite rado. Wright and Rigg had Canyons the river plunges down steep on July 4 and reach Lee's ferry July served as boatmen, and had declivities, forming rapids which have 10, the day before the dedication." acquired skill in running the given the Colorado River its reputa- I was glad to accept this invitation, rapids under the tutelage of tion as a treacherous stream to navi- for I have long wanted to become bet- Nevills. For three years the gate. ter acquainted with certain landmarks team of Wright and Rigg, op- But sandwiched in between Cataract along the upper Glen Canyon sector erating as Mexican Hat Expe- and Marble Canyons, from the tribu- of the Colorado. I had previously ditions, have been carrying on tary Fremont River to Lee's ferry, is navigated lower Glen Canyon with successfully the river traditions a 149-mile sector where the mighty both Norman Nevills and Harry Ale- left them by the Nevills. Colorado flows in a deep well-defined son, but the sector above the Esca- channel with hardly a riffle to break lante River junction was still strange sible for the sector names given to the the surface of the water. to me. various canyons through which his On his original voyage of explora- Major John Wesley Powell, who little river flotilla passed. Below Moab, tion Powell called this sector Mound first explored the Colorado River in Utah, Powell encountered a rugged and Monument Canyons, but on his 1869, and again in 1872, was respon- series of rapids extending for a dis- second trip he renamed it Glen Can- OCTOBER, 1952 yon. The best description of this can- yon was written by Lewis R. Freeman who accompanied U. S. Engineer E. C. La Rue on a surveying expedition here in 1922. Freeman wrote: "Glen Canyon is the Grand Canyon on a slightly reduced scale; but what it lacks in sheer magnitude it makes up in the added charms of its gentler natural beauties. Although its walls are neither less sheer nor less lofty than the average run of those of the Inner Gorge of the greater chasm, the less torrential current of the river— due to slighter declivity — in Glen Canyon has permitted the formation of more frequent and more fertile stretches of wooded bank and bench. One is never out of sight of trees, nor often of flowers . . . But the crowning glory of Glen Canyon is in the bower- like amphitheaters of verdure that are responsible for its name . . . they form an almost unbroken chain of hanging gardens through the 150 miles from the mouth of Fremont River to the head of Marble Canyon." This is the canyon through which Frank Wright and Jim Rigg of the Mexican Hat Expeditions proposed to make a 7-day run preceding the date of the Nevills dedication at the head of Marble Canyon. Our starting point was to be at Hite where Art and Delia Chaffin operate a ferry across the Colorado River (Desert Magazine, February '52). The crossing at this point was named for Cass Hite, a recluse who had settled there in 1883. In 1898 when reports were circulated through the West that the sands of the Colorado River were rich in gold, there was a stampede of fortune-hunters to this area and in 1900 a postoflice was established at Hite. The place soon became too crowded for Cass Hite and he moved down- stream and built a little hermit's cabin at the mouth of Ticaboo Creek where he died in 1912. The postofiice at Hite was closed when the sands of the Colorado failed to yield enough gold to pay for the mining. But since this was one of the few points along the Colorado River

Above—Frank E. Masland and Dr. Josiah Eisaman in the fold- boat with which they accompan- ied the expedition through Glen Canyon. Middle—On the sandbar at For- bidden Canyon. Rubber boat trips through (lien Canyon have become very popular. Below—Old log cabin built by the late Bert Loper, veteran river man, six miles below Hite ferry.

DESERT MAGAZINE where it is accessible for approach roads on both sides, the place has re- mained on the maps as a river cross- ing. Many Utahans believe that event- ually a bridge will be erected here. A majority of the members of our party assembled for the expedition on the morning of July 3 at the home of Frank Wright in Blanding, Utah. Here food for our 7-day trip was packed, and sleeping bags assigned to those who did not already have them. Early in the afternoon, in a station wagon and a truck carrying the three boats for our river trip, we headed up over Elk Ridge on the road to Hite cross- ing, passing between the buttes known as the "Bear's Ears" and continuing past the Natural Bridges National Monument to the Chaffin ferry land- ing. Intensive prospecting since World War II has disclosed several uranium deposits in this area, and a mill for the processing of the ore has been erected along the Colorado River just above the ferry. The Chaffins were away when we reached the river, and the ferry was being operated by Reuben and Beth Nielsen. Three members of our river party arrived at the crossing the morning of July 4, having come in from the west by way of Hanksville. When the boats were launched and passengers assigned to their seats our roster was as follows: In the boat Music Hall: Frank Wright, boatman, and Tad and Mary Jane Nichols of Tucson, Arizona, pas- sengers. In the Redbud Canyon: Bob Rigg, boatman, and Warner Seeley of Cleve- land, Ohio, and his daughter Susan, passengers. In the Hidden Passage: John Har- per, boatman, and Mary Ogden Ab- bott of Concord, Massachusetts, and myself, passengers. The boats, named for tributary can- yons along the San Juan and Colo- rado Rivers, were built by Norman

Above—Members of the expedi- tion, left to right, Randall Hen- derson, Frank Masland, Frank Wright, Tad Nichols, John Har- per, Mary Jane Nichols, Mary Ogden Abbott, Dr. Josiah Eisa- man, Bob Rigg, Susan and War- ner Seely. Middle — Night camps generally were on sandbars where there was driftwood. Below — Typical lunch menu: Lemonade, canned ham, canned fish, cheese, pickles, relish and bread.

OCTOBER, 1952 Nevills, and taken over by Wright and we could enjoy the luxury of fresh trance to Moki closed by a bar of Rigg following Nevills' death in 1949. meat. The rest of the week we got quicksand—and that discouraged any A fourth boat arrived on the scene our meat out of cans. further travel in that direction. just before we shoved off early in the We had come 12 miles this first Our camp that night was on a bar afternoon of July 4. This was a grace- afternoon—just drifting along. It was at the mouth of Bullfrog tributary, ful two-passenger foldboat which hot in mid-day. The thermometer and as on all the other nights we found Frank E. Masland brought from his went up to 97 degrees. But the water it necessary to crawl inside our sleep- home in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in a was cool and there was no discomfort ing bags for warmth, despite mid-day package not much bigger than a suit- when one could sit on the deck of the temperatures of nearly 100 degrees. case, and assembled at Hite landing. boat and drag his bare feet in the On Sunday, our third day on the Accompanying Masland was his friend stream. river, we reached Lake Canyon tribu- Dr. Josiah Eisaman of Pittsburgh. Frank was kindling a driftwood fire tary at nine in the morning, and hiked Their little canvas craft, weighing for breakfast when I awakened the a mile up along the little creek to some less than 60 pounds and fashioned next morning at 5:30. By eight o'clock well-preserved Moki cliff dwellings in somewhat after the lines of a kayak, we had eaten our breakfast of coffee, a great arched recess in the sandstone proved to be a fast sea-worthy boat cereal, bacon and eggs, and canned wall. The Indians abandoned their for Glen Canyon navigation. The two fruit and were ready to shove off. cliff homes here many hundreds of passengers occupied the limit of its Much of the second day's journey years ago, but one of the rooms re- space load, but with the Mexican Hat was through an area which had been mained in almost perfect state of pres- boats available for the transportation the center of a gold rush in the late ervation. It had been built with native of food and gear, the foldboat served 1890s. Some one had discovered fine stone laid in mud mortar, and the its role as purely a pleasure craft very gold dust in the sand along the river finger-prints of the Indian masons well, and all the members of the ex- —and several fortunes were spent in- could still be seen in the dry mud. pedition had the opportunity to ride stalling machinery to recover the gold After leaving Lake Canyon we rode in it during the 7-day river schedule. before it was proven that there wasn't for many hours between vertical walls Six miles downstream from Hite we enough of the yellow metal for profit- of red sandstone, stopping on a sand- pulled in for a landing at the 10-acre able operation. bar for lunch. Occasionally, high up ranch developed by the veteran river Some of the wreckage of the gold on a bench or ledge above the river man Bert Loper before his death in boom is still to be seen along the we could see a cairn, probably put July, 1949. Loper had found a fertile banks of the river. Late in the morn- there during the gold rush days as a bench which could be irrigated by ing we passed a huge steel frame corner monument for a mining claim. gravity from the little stream in Red perched on a protruding rock above There are also a few of the old Canyon a mile away, and had erected the river—the remains of what had Brown-Stanton survey stakes still to a stone and mud cabin here. The been known as the Bennett wheel. A be seen above the high water level. place is accessible only by river, or big water wheel had been installed to F. M. Brown in 1889 had undertaken by a very bad jeep road. It is one of develop power for pumping water to to run a survey down through the can- those hide-aways which city folks a sluicing plant on the bench higher yons of the Colorado River to deter- dream about—where they could go up. Many thousands of dollars had mine the feasibility of building a rail- and raise their own food and never been spent on this installation a half road to the west coast by this route. have to worry about tax assessors and century ago, but it was evident that Brown's chief engineer was Robert bill collectors. very little gravel had ever gone over Brewster Stanton, and when Brown This year the little ranch is being the sluiceway. was drowned after his boat capsized farmed by a Mormon boy, Elder But while there was not sufficient in upper Marble Canyon Stanton re- Trone. He told us he had a very fine gold to make this a paying operation, organized the expedition and com- crop of corn and melons until some I found a rich field of cutting material pleted the survey. In the end, it was range cattle discovered the garden, here for the rockhounds. There were agreed that the railroad in the canyon and ate much of it. Next season there great chunks of agate and jasper in was not feasible. will be fences to keep the cattle out. many shades, and fine specimens of Late in the afternoon of our third Since we had seven days in which black and white fossilized wood which day we passed the mouth of Escalante to cover a distance of 149 miles, and had been worn by ages of streambed River, one of the principal tributaries a 4-mile-an-hour current to carry us travel. Presumably this wood had of the Glen Canyon sector of the along, we floated down-stream at a come down from the Henry Moun- Colorado. Passing this point I re- leisurely pace, seldom using the oars. tains, and from the White Canyon called a rugged experience two years During that first afternoon we deposits described by Harold Weight ago when my wife and I undertook to passed a conspicuous landmark known in the Desert Magazine of March, run the Escalante River in rubber as Castle Butte — one of probably 1950. boats with Harry Aleson. The water more than a hundred buttes with this I also found similar material on was at such a low stage we spent most same name in western United States. several of the sand and gravel bars of the eight days hiking along the The hills and cliffs along much of our along this sector of Glen Canyon. shallow channel and dragging the afternoon route were beautifully tinted Since these specimens cannot be re- boats. {Desert Magazine, Sept. '50.) with pink, gray, brown and a dozen moved except by boat, it hardly is Below the Escalante we stopped to shades of yellow. The coloring re- likely this mineral field ever will be- replenish our water supply at Hole-in- minded me of Artist's Drive in Death come entirely exhausted. the-Rock spring. This place was given Valley National Monument. During the afternoon of this second its name when a wagon train of Mor- At sundown we pulled in to a sand- day we stopped at the entrance to mon settlers in 1879-80 crossed the bar opposite the mouth of Ticaboo Moki Canyon. At high water it is Colorado River here enroute to Bluff, Creek. Frank Wright, who was chief possible for small boats to run some Utah, to establish a colony. Several cook as well as skipper of the expedi- distance up in the tributary, to a lovely weeks' time were required to chisel a tion, soon had a delicious steak din- canyon vista where there is clear cool passageway through the rocks in order ner on the fire. This first night out water. However, we found the en- to get the wagons down to the river.

10 DESERT MAGAZINE Members of the expedition hiked up Lake Canyon a A bar of quicksand closed the mouth of Moki Canyon. mile to this well preserved cliff house relic of the days Tad Nichols and Bob Rigg are shown floundering in when Moki Indians lived here. the treacherous sandbar.

A bronze plaque now marks the spot Immediately below the San Juan side canyons along the Colorado, and and many of the Glen Canyon river junction are a series of side canyons perhaps discover scenic vistas and an- parties make an overnight stop at this of rare scenic beauty, and since they cient Indian ruins now unknown. place because of the fine spring. are easily accessible to river voyagers Our camp that night was on a sand- We decided to push on, and at 7:30 we made brief stops at all of them: At bar at the mouth of. Forbidden Can- passed the mouth of the San Juan Hidden Passage where a narrow slot yon—at the river end of the six-mile River and made camp on a 40-acre in the vertical side-wall leads back into trail which leads to Rainbow Natural sandbar deposited by this year's flood a labyrinth of colorful passageways; Bridge. Nearly every river party re- waters just below the junction of the at Music Hall, named by Powell in mains here for a day in order to visit San Juan with the Colorado. 1869 because of the acoustical quali- America's most spectacular natural At this point we reached a sector of ties of the great domed amphitheater arch of stone. Glen Canyon known to many hun- found here; at Twilight Canyon where The trail follows the floor of For- dreds of boat passengers who in recent the petroglyphs of prehistoric Indians bidden Canyon to its junction with years have been on one of the Mexi- are found on the side-wall of a rocky Bridge Canyon, and thence to the can Hat expeditions with Norman gorge which derives its name from Bridge. It is not a difficult route. I Nevills, Harry Aleson, Wright and the lack of sunlight beneath its over- have been over it four times, and my Rigg, and other boatmen who conduct hanging walls; at Mystery Canyon advice to hikers is to ignore the horse- excursions on the San Juan and thence where at high water a small boat may trail which climbs over the sandbanks through lower Glen Canyon to Lee's penetrate far back into the canyon at each bend in the canyon, and keep ferry. along a narrow winding channel, with to the hard rock at the creek level. On Monday, the 4th day of our a delicious pool at the end. Hiking in fine sand is much more tir- journey, we awakened to find the San This was a delightful day of side- ing than on rock—and the boatmen Juan pouring a stream of red fluid trips. One is amazed at the beauty who serve as guides on this route often mud into the channel of the Colorado. concealed in the recesses of those fail to point out this difference to their The upper San Juan flows through the great walls which form Glen Canyon. passengers. Painted Desert of northern Arizona, Much of this area has not been fully Along the floor of the canyon lead- and storms in the upper basin bring explored, and it remains for future down flood waters of various hues, ac- ing to the Bridge are many pools of Colorado River adventurers who have clear cool water—an ever present in- cording to the sector in which the rain- vitation to the hiker to stop for a fall occurs. unlimited time at their disposal to penetrate further into the labyrinth of refreshing dip.

OCTOBER, 1952 11 It is possible to reach the top of overland a mile and a half to the site. ule, and friends were on the river bank Rainbow Bridge by following a rather A majority of our party already had to greet us. The welcoming crowd was precipitous route up the south wall of visited the Escalante steps, and so we larger than usually greets river expe- Bridge Canyon to a point above the did not make the overland journey ditions at this point for the reason that arch, and then work down over a 50- on this occasion. Later we stopped the dedication of the Nevills plaque foot vertical rock face where toe and at the mouth of Padre Creek and was scheduled to take place the fol- finger holds have been chiseled in the Boatman John Harper went into the lowing day, and old rivermen and stone. When a rope is available for side-canyon a short distance and friends of the Nevills had gathered added security, there is no hazard in brought back the report that the sand from across the country to pay tribute this climb. was too soft for hikers. to the memory of Norman and Doris. Beneath the great rock span is a At 6:15 that evening our little flo- No river journey to Lee's ferry is book for the registration of visitors, tilla pulled in at a great arched recess quite complete without a final reunion kept here by the National Park Serv- in the canyon wall known as Outlaw dinner served by the Art Greene family ice. The bridge first was seen by a Cave. This is one of the favorite camp- at Cliff Dwellers' Lodge, 10 miles from white party which included John ing places for river parties, and the last Navajo Bridge on the road to House Wetherill and Byron Cummings in overnight stop before reaching Lee's Rock Valley1; August, 1909, and the number of vis- ferry. From here it is 17 Vz miles to After many years in the role of hosts itors on record from that date until the ferry. at Marble Canyon Lodge and more the day of our arrival there has been The following morning we got an recently at Cliff Dwellers', the Greenes 7997. During the last seven years an early start and before noon had Tanded have become as much an institution at average of 600 names have been at the sandbar below Lee's ferry where this place as have the Vermillion Cliffs added to the register annually. our journey ended. We were on sched- in whose shadow they dwell. On the sandbar at the mouth of For- bidden Canyon two other river parties Very few of us can travel the were camped while we were there, desert country as much as we both of them having come down the TRUE OR FALSE would like, but that is no rea- river in rubber boats of the World son why our knowledge of the desert should become rusty. These quiz War II salvage type. One of the questions which appear each month in Desert Magazine serve as a sort parties, with four of these boats, had of "refresher course" for those who like to keep in touch with the geog- fitted them with frames to carry out- raphy, the mineralogy, botany, history and lore of the arid Southwest. board motors. Twelve to 14 correct answers is a fair score; 15 to 17 is excellent; 18 or These river parties are typical of over is very superior. The answers are on page 25. increasing numbers of persons who 1—The bite of a Chuckawalla lizard sometimes proves fatal. True are making the Glen Canyon voyage False each summer in all kinds of craft— 2—The atlatl was a tool used by the Papago Indians to harvest fruit of rubber boats, foldboats, canoes, kay- the Saguaro cactus. True . False aks, rowboats of every type, and often 3—Tuzigoot Ruins National Monument is in New Mexico. True with outboard motors. False With no rapids to run, the Glen 4—Calcite is harder than rose quartz. True . False Canyon trip offers a safe, pleasant, 5—Visitors to the Petrified National Monument are permitted to pick and inexpensive outing for people of up and carry away specimens not exceeding one pound in weight. all ages. Many Boy Scout troops have True . False made the run in recent years. 6—Pyramid Lake in Nevada derives its name from a pyramid-shaped A sandstorm of short duration gave rock near its shores. True . False us a gritty hour on the sandbar after 7—Cochise was an Apache Indian chieftain. True . False we returned from our hike to Rainbow 8—The Mojavc River of California is a tributary of the Colorado. Bridge that evening. This was the True . False only unpleasant bit of weather we 9—A line drawn east and west through Salt Lake City would pass north encountered on the seven-day outing. of Reno, Nevada. True . False The photographers in our party com- 10- -The Virgin River flows through Zion National Park. True plained that they needed more clouds False for good picture composition, and we 1 1--Shivwits is the name of an Indian tribe in New Mexico. rue did have light sprinkles of rain on False two occasions. But most of the time 12- -Joseph Smith, founder of the Mormon Church, never saw Utah. we were floating down stream under True . False clear skies. -The Wasatch Mountains may be seen from the Great Salt Lake. We embarked at Forbidden Can- True . False yon on the sixth day of our trip at 14- -The blossom of the Joshua Tree is red. True . False 7:30 in the morning. At eleven we 15—Winnemucca, Nevada, derived its name from a Navajo Indian chief. reached Kane Creek where a landing True . False was made for lunch. A mile down- 16—Tinajas is a Spanish word commonly used in the Southwest meaning stream from here is Padre Creek where pack mule. True . False Father Escalante and the members of 17—The mineral specimens known as Apache Tears are nodules of ob- his party cut steps in the canyon side- sidian. True . False wall in order to ford their horses and 18—Death Valley Scotty was once a cowboy in Buffalo Bill's Wild West equipment across the stream during Show. True . False their historic trek in November, 1776. 19—The beans of the mesquite tree were a staple item of food for desert Since Padre Creek often is closed Indians when white men first explored the Southwest. True to hiking due to quicksand at its False mouth, river parties desiring to visit 20—Leader of the first expedition to seek the Seven Cities of Cibola was the old hand-hewn stone steps gener- Marcos de Niza. True . False ally land at Kane Creek and walk

12 DESERT MAGAZINE Navajo Delegates gather for their Tribal Council meeting at Window Rock, Arizona. In addition to the 70-odd elected delegates the meetings are attended by many hundreds of tribesmen, some of whom travel long distances with team and wagon to be present. Photo by Milton Snow, U. S. Indian Service. Since many of the Navajo In- dians cannot read, they hold Tribal Meetinq elections by printing the pictures of the candidates on the ballots. But despite their illiteracy, the tribesmen on America's biggest of the Navajo Indian reservation are making amazing strides toward demo- cratic management of their tribal By DOROTHY PILLSBURY affairs. >US AFTER bus rolled up in a wagons ground to a standstill. Men, black hat to one corner of the rostrum. cloud of dust to a big stone women and children galloped up on As the 70 duly elected delegates from building in Window Rock, Ari- sweating horses. Horns tooted, en- the 16,000,000-acre Navajo domain zona. The buses bore signs that seemed gines backfired, dogs barked. The most trooped in, most of them tossed their no part of the American scene — poignant expression of the democratic hats to the same spot. It made a little Chinle, Tohatchi, Lukachukai. Trucks process in the country, the Navajo mountain of sombreros. roared in to disgorge men in overalls, Tribal Council, was about to open an Chairman Ahkeah stood on the bright pink and blue shirts and broad- all-week session. platform gavel in hand. The delegates brimmed black felt hats. Women in Sam Ahkeah, chairman of the Coun- filled three long rows of front seats on red and yellow velveteen basques cil, mounted the platform at one end the main floor in front of him. They flounced layers of petticoats over the of the big room, shaped like a Navajo were there because they had been duly sides. Horse-drawn white covered hogan. As he did so, he tossed his big elected by nearly 70,000 Navajos to

OCTOBER, 1952 13 the Navajos arc the greatest visitors among the Southwest Indians, but be- cause they are a people eternally in some kind of dramatic distress—flash floods, parched or eroded fields, dry water holes and winter blizzards with starvation ever gibbering behind the red rock pinnacles of their gorgeous but unproductive domain. Women looked like dolls in layers of full-gathered long skirts topped by bright velvet basques with heavy shawls about their shoulders. Their turquoise and silver ornaments would have stocked half of the curio stoics of the region. Unhappily, a lot of it would have to be returned to the "Hard Goods Pole" of the traders as soon as the session was over, there to hang in pawn for sacks of flour and cans of lard. But pawn or no pawn, the women listened bright-eyed to all the long discussions. When sheep, wool and blankets came up for attention, they swished up the aisles in their long full Navajos casting their ballots at one of the many polling places on the skirts, and in no uncertain language reservation. Since many of the tribesmen cannot read, the pictures of the told their men folks how to vote in candidates are printed on the ballots. Photo courtesy New Mexico Associa- that phase of Navajo life which be- tion of Indian Affairs. longs particularly to the women. Children, miniature duplicates of represent them. Until last year the hundreds of constituents. Sam is a their parents, sat quietly for long hours voting had been done by means of modern Navajo. His big brief case or slept on hard benches. Never once colored cards, as the majority of the bulging with papers has made many in the long sessions did a youngster tribesmen could not read. Now they a trip to Washington to plead the cause howl or whimper. Never once was a voted by ballots—the most unique bal- of his people. He knows his way child berated and jerked about by an lots ever cast in the United States. around. But for all his white man's exasperated mother. Big-eyed babies Each ballot carried a picture of the hair cut, business suit and fountain on cradle-boards were passed up and candidate to enlighten voters who pen, Sam Ahkeah could never be taken down the rows in dull moments and could not read. At the same time the for other than one of the "Dineh, The seemed to have a reviving elfeet on vast Navajo land was divided into People" as the Navajos call themselves. the entire assembly. well-defined precincts and all voters For all his ability to lead and fight for had to register. his people, Sam has a smile as warm For a full week in morning, after- noon and some evenins: sessions the Seventy-live percent of all eligible as desert sunshine. Even when his eyes are somber or flashing with indigna- discussions continued. It kept two in- Navajo adults cast their ballots! Any- terpreters busy putting English elo- one who knows the vast distances, the tion, they light up his strong bronze face. quence into Navajo and Navajo ora- lack of even small settlements and the tory into English. The problems were maze of unimproved dirt roads on the The three rows of delegates repre- as modern as today—uranium, air- reservation will recognize this as an sented every degree of adaptation by plane fields, oil and mineral rights and astounding demonstration of the dem- the Navajo to modern life. Some like the old, old ones of sheep, water, ocratic process of government. Sam had short hair, wore business schools and what to use for money. Some Navajos traveled 60 miles by suits and carried brief cases. One aged Robert's Rules of Order are no horse-drawn wagon or on horseback tribesman had given the Indian touch mystery to Navaio delegates or to their to vote. Naturally, there were many to his white man's coat by cutting off chairman. Sometimes several delegates complications. Mr. and Mrs. Low the buttons and substituting large silver were on their feet at the same time. Wagon appeared bright and early on ones set with turquoise, made by a Thev waited patiently to be recognized election day at the polling place of Navajo craftsman. Side by side were by the chair. When motions flew about Pinyon in northeastern Arizona. They store shoes and moccasins, long locks to the confusion of evervone, an old had traveled all night by covered confined by bright silk bandas and GI Navajo jumped to his feet and an- wagon, the 30 miles from their hogan. haircuts, pink mail-order house shirts nounced, "too many motions before But alas, they had registered in the and velveteen jackets. White haired the House." But always the talk came precinct of Jeddito and therefore could oldsters seemed more bent with the back to schools for their children. Even not vote in Pinyon. Asked why they weight of turquoise chains about their at this writing, it is estimated that 15,- did not vote in the precinct where they necks than with the years. Even Nav- 000 children of school age are receiv- registered, Low Wagon explained that ajos in store suits wore gems of uncut ing no more education than chipmunks. his wife wanted to buy a few things turquoise in their ears. Of those who are sent off the reserva- in Pinyon and they had thought in the Behind the delegates sat a thousand tion to Indian boarding schools, some Navajo equivalent of "two birds with of their constituents. They had come have been shipped as far away as Ore- one stone." from mountains stark against the sky, gon. Before it was time to open the meet- from canyons floored with quicksands On the last day of the session, rep- ing, Sam Ahkeah stood quietly watch- and from pinyon covered mesa tops. resentatives of the Indian Bureau took ing the big room fill with delegates and They had come here, not only because the floor, some from far away Wash- DESERT MAGAZINE ington. They looked strangely pallid in the midst of this earth group. The officials talked expansively of what might be done to better the condition of the tribesmen. Mineral and oil de- velopment, irrigation, soil conserva- tion, possible industries! It sounded fine and impressive. It went on and on. Delegates and constituents snoozed and took a much needed rest. Finally a little delegate in faded blue overalls and a moth-eaten jacket jumped to his feet. Beneath a mangey Kit Carson fur cap, his grey locks fell to his shoulders. "Mr. Chairman," he urged, "I move that all this big talk go on the table. Let's talk schools all the time we have left. What good is anything unless we are educated?" His brown moccasins executed a few steps of a war dance before he sat down to the roaring laughter of the tribesmen. Among the other Indians, the Navajos are noted for their wit. It was they who dubbed the little man of the Third Reich in the last war, "Smells His Mustache" and his companion across the Alps, "Gourd Face." Wherever the Navajos go visiting ceremonial dances in the Rio Grande pueblos, gales of laughter follow their passing. Between sessions the tribesmen gathered in little groups, even as their white brothers do, to talk over what had happened and to discuss forthcom- ing issues. Window Rock, the Navajo capital, is located near the New Mex- ico-Arizona line in the midst of strangely eroded outcroppings of creamish pink and light tan limestone in rolling hills tufted with dwarf pin- yon and cedar trees. Here the Indian Bureau has its Navajo Service executive offices in 5am Ahkeah, chairman of the Navajo Tribal Council. Photo by Milton sprawling one-story buildings strung Snow, U. S. Indian Service. together with a maze of corridors. Within, radiators sizzle with steam talking—that is, if there is a story in time. The school was nice and every- heat, hot water hisses into capacious prospect. I waited. The Navajo woman one was nice. At last we found out bath tubs and dining room and kitchens waited. what was the trouble. At that time twinkle with electrical gadgets. With- On the third day she took a chair the Indian school in Albuquerque and out, Navajos camp in the lee of cov- next to me and plunged into the story the one in Santa Fe had no credits ered wagons and trucks, build their I knew she had been wanting to tell with the university either in Arizona fragrant cedar fires and pass around or New Mexico. He couldn't get in the big, smoke-blackened coffee pot me. "I want to tell you the terrible thing that happen to my boy. I have without taking examinations and he and the frying pan filled with squaw was sure he couldn't pass them." bread. four boys, but one is a lot smarter than all the others. He want to learn to be "What did you do," I asked won- The elected delegates with their doctor or lawyer and help his people. wives were served their meals in the dering if the Tribal Council had been dining room of the building used by He study hard and get through Indian forced to call an emergency meeting. the employes of the Indian Bureau. day school. Then we send him to In- "We took him home and got him Each noon I noticed a handsome mid- dian boarding school in Albuquerque in a high school run by missionaries. dle-aged Navajo woman sitting in a for high school so he can go to uni- It had the credit to the university. But big chair waiting for the summons to versity and learn to be doctor or law- first they give him examination and dinner. Her turquoise and silver jew- yer and help his people." put him back two years. My boy felt elry indicated she was the wife of The Navajo woman sighed and so bad, I thought he would never come a well-to-do delegate. Although the clutched her big umbrella for support. out of it. But he did. Now he is in sky was without a cloud, she held "After awhile we get letter from him university and soon will be lawyer. across her lap a big old fashioned and we see he is not happy. It got And now both those Indian high cotton umbrella. Any one who knows worse and worse. At last his papa schools in New Mexico have credits anything about Indians knows that it and I took our horses and wagon and to the university. So everything is is not the thing to dash up and start went to Albuquerque. It took a long fine." With that she picked up her

OCTOBER, 1952 15 cotton umbrella and swished her volu- way he managed to get out of the car. minous petticoats into the dining room. Propped on his crutches, he spoke the "The People" have stamina, we were first connected English words that had MardKock Shorty finding out. Neither are they a van- come from him. "You make me too ishing tribe, but are increasing at the happy," he beamed. rate of some 1000 a year. They are "Would he have walked all those of the most aggressive of all the South- miles we had brought him," someone west Indians. With one hand they hold in the car wanted to know, "on fast to a pride in their ancient ways. crutches!" Death With the other they are reaching out He would. That is the way most for tractors and machinery and all the Navajos are walking ahead today—on Valley rights of their American citizenship. crutches of one kind or another. I had come to the Tribal Council While their broken Lii belt was thinking of the poverty, the illiteracy CACTUS EASY TO GROW and the isolation of the Navajos. I left —IF YOU FOLLOW RULES being replaced by the mechanic with a strange reversal of feeling. "The If your cactus dish garden is dying at the Inferno garage, the two People" have something. They have in a green room—that's why. Cacti dudes who were touring Death a heritage of song and poetry, of skills are repelled by the color green. Valley wandered into the gen- and crafts. They have humor and If you move a desert cactus to your eral store where Hard Rock above all they have something that own yard and fail to keep it turned in approaches New Eingland spunk. the same direction it grew on the des- Shorty was on temporary duty We were to see another example of ert, the plant will die because you as clerk. their stamina on the way home. On have upset its metabolism. Cactus has The strangers asked many the long lonely road from Window a cooler body temperature on the side Rock that leads to Gallup, we saw an away from the sun. questions, and finally Shorty be- old Navajo hobbling along on crutches. These are two of the suggestions gan to ask a few himself. He One foot was so wrapped in bandages offered by a group of cactus collectors learned that the visitors were in- it was about the size of a ham. As who meet monthly at the Arizona stalling a radar station for the there were no settlements or even visi- Botanical Gardens. The club was navy out somewhere on the des- ble hogans for miles around, we won- formed for the purpose of learning ert. dered where he was going. how to identify and care for cactus— We stopped. He understood no and for club members to have an op- "Radar!" exclaimed Hard Rock. English and could speak but a few portunity to trade species and enlarge "I been readin' about that. If I words. But he understood our motions their garden collections. understand it right, you use some that we would give him a lift. Where Most of the gardeners are agreed kind uva gadget to send out he was headed on crutches we could that the main consideration for suc- not imagine. Smiling broadly, he rode cessful planting is good drainage. Sand, sound waves, an' when they hit mile after mile. At last he began wav- gravel and silt make good soil for the some object an" bounce back it ing his arms and pointed to a thread garden. Also, all warn against over- makes a pichure on a screen uf of a trail that wound between the watering plants. Too much water is some kind." bushes to a barely discernible hogan as deadly to a cactus as too little.— at least a quarter of a mile away. Some Arizona Republic. The visitors laughed. "It's something like that," one of them remarked. Plan Pegleg Trek in October... "Well, we got a pretty good radar out here already." Hard Two important changes are to be made this year in holding the 6th Rock went on. "Only we call it annual Pegleg Smith Gold Trek and Liar's Contest in Borrego Valley, Echo Mountain." California, according to the announcement of Ray Hetherington. the original sponsor of the program. "On account o' this Echo 1—The dates have been changed from New Year's Eve and January Mountain ol' Pisgah Bill don't 1 to Saturday, October 11 and Sunday, October 12. The Liar's Contest need no alarm clock to git him will be Saturday night. up when he's out working at his 2—The place has been changed from the Pegleg Monument in Bor- lead mine. Works like this: rego Valley to a new location in a natural amphitheater near Borrego's Desert Club. "Jes before Bill goes to bed at Directors recently named to sponsor this year's Pegleg program in night he points his nose toward addition to President Hetherington of the Ghost Town in Knott's Berry that Echo peak an' shouts, 'Time Farm are: Howard D. Clark of Buena Park, secretary, Fred Harvey of to git up!" Encinitas, Ralph L. Cainc of Los Angeles, and David Olmsted of the Road to Romance association at Long Beach. "That mountain is about 50 While the Pegleg Trek and Liar's Contest are open to all visitors, a spe- miles away, and sure enough, cial invitation is being sent out to the Rockhounds this year, inviting them eight hours later, jes as the sun to come and add their specimens to a mineral display in the Desert Club. is comin" over the Funeral moun- There will be ample space for the many campers who usually attend tains that echo comes back jes the annual Pegleg Trek, and who look forward to this event as an annual as plain as Bill said it: 'lime to reunion of the desert prospectors. git up!'"

16 DESERT MAGAZINE The Kirk children and their pet Death Valley burros. Four-year-old Sara hugs Melinda, while brother Billy, seven, kneels beside Pedro. Death Valley Playmates. . . later, when Billy found a half-starved By PAT STURTEVANT able animals I can't understand why black burro in the hills above his home. hunters kill them." Now Melinda, their curly gray pet, The burros present no special prob- *7//HAT HAPPENS to baby bur- and Pedro, the newcomer, frolic to- lem to the Kirks, who came from fr(/ ros when their parents are gether near the Kirks' home and fol- Washington two years ago in search shot by "sportsmen" invading low their two-legged "parents" around of a healthful climate for Billy. On the desert in search of thrills? like dogs. occasion, however, the family has re- Four-year-old Sara Rene Kirk and "The children have taken complete turned to its home to find both Me- her brother Billy, 7, of Homewood care of Melinda and Pedro since they linda and Pedro peacefully standing in Canyon, 35 miles south of Death Val- first found them," their mother, Mrs. the kitchen, having entered through an ley and 5 miles north of Trona, Cali- E. W. Kirk, said. "They're such lov- unlatched door. fornia, have provided an answer for at least two such orphaned burros and For many years conservation- burros are effective only if the find them lovable, loyal pets. ists and wildlife lovers have killers are caught in the act of The children became foster parents fought to protect the wild burros transporting a carcass for food for the first time last fall when they which roam in the Death Valley purposes and were designed to came upon a small thin burro braying National Monument and over stop wholesale slaughter of the disconsolately beside the body of its other remote desert hill areas. harmless animals for dog food. Many of the hardy little animals mother. Together they struggled to Several groups in past years carry the animal home and anxiously have been killed because they allegedly interfere with mountain have urged that the burro be bottle-fed it a typical baby's formula legally classified as a game ani- (Karo syrup and canned milk) for sheep, eating the limited forage on which the bighorns depend mal and protected by game laws. weeks till it fattened and thrived. But It is hoped that a refuge for bur- the burro seemed lonely for four-legged and driving the sheep from water ros will be established in the near companionship. holes. Present laws protecting the future. This problem was solved a month

OCTOBER, 1952 17 The Tonto Ruins, built by the Salado Tribe of Indians in the Fourteenth Century, occupy a natural arched cave in the cliff, 330 feet above the canyon floor. Cliff Home of the Ancients After a Rip Van Winkle sleep of 500 years, the Tonto Cliff Ruins of a record price for his cattle. In fact, Arizona have come back to life. Weldon and Phyllis Heald weren't you'd be surprised how our vast open prepared for all the surprises they met when they visited the national spaces hum with human activity. monument this spring. The former stepchild of the park service was Two of our neighbors, a few hun- spic and span; a nature trail identified typical desert flora, and artifacts dred miles up the road, are Charles were neatly displayed in a small museum beside the paved parking and Frances Sharp. Charles was for- area. In this story, Weldon tells how Tonto Superintendent Charles merly a Park Service ranger next door Sharp and Park Archeologist Lloyd Pierson have restored the ancient at Chiricahua National Monument, but dwellings of a forgotten Salado tribe. was promoted in 1947 to superintend- By WELDON F. HEALD ent of Tonto Cliff Dwellings. Phyllis Photographs by the Author and I hadn't seen the Sharps for a year and a half, so we dropped in for a Map by Norton Allen neighborly call this spring on our way E AREN'T crowded yet in like, but our etlicient desert grapevine to Phoenix over the Apache "Frail. southeastern Arizona. Our keeps us informed of their doings. The monument had changed much neighborhood stretches in all Within 24 hours we know when some- since we last saw it. Park Service directions to the distant horizon, and body has a baby, that So-and-so's Archeologist Lloyd Pierson greeted us. we have good friends scattered over an mother-in-law is on a visit from the "How did you do it?" I said, indi- area the size of Ohio. We don't see East, or that a fellow rancher 50 miles cating the newly-paved parking area some of them as often as we would 'round the other side of the mesa sot outlined with cement curbs and the

18 DESERT MAGAZINE spic and span museum. "I'll bet there r--TOPA hasn't been so much activity around here since the Indians left." "We have been kind of busy," said Lloyd modestly. It was one of those sweeping under- statements typical of Arizonans. To ^##wf«yi us, it seemed as if life and vitality had returned once more to these cliff dwel- lings after a Rip Van Winkle sleep of 500 years. At last, we thought, Tonto is getting the Park Service polish and can take its rightful place on an equal footing with the state's other 15 na- tional monuments. That is good news. For too long a time Tonto was a stepchild nobody wanted, a prey to vandalism and neg- lect. In 1907, President Theodore Roosevelt set aside 1120 acres to pro- tect these easily-accessible and inter- esting prehistoric cliff dwellings. But for more than 20 years Tonto was a national monument on paper only, and vandals knocked down walls, burned beams, carved their initials, excavated and carried away artifacts. Nominally under the jurisdiction of the Forest \ Service, the monument was partially developed under a special use permit Park Service Archeologist Pierson and Superintendent Sharp puzzle out how to put together a fine Tonto polychrome pot dug up in the cliff dwellings.

OCTOBER, 1952 19 River Valley to the bold lofty outline of the Sierra Ancha. The stakes drew our attention to palo verde, staghorn and teddy bear cholla, tall saguaros, spiny fishhook. hedgehog and fat barrel cactus, oco- tillo, crucifixion thorn and mesquite. There were geological points of inter- est too, and even long white honey- combs in a crevice of the cliffs, around which swarms of bees were buzzing. We stopped and read the descriptions and would have missed several things without the stakes and leaflet. So the first visitors to walk Tonto's nature trail approved thoroughly; but I must admit one of the markers we liked best was a neat sign which read: "Let no man saw and say it to your shame. That all was beauty here until you came." At the 21st marker we met Super- intendent Sharp. As we shook hands and complimented him on the many improvements at Tonto, a quiet pride shone in his eyes. They are deep, calm, grey eyes which often seem to rest on distant things, as if they were contemplating another world beyond the horizon. A product of Nebraska. Charles was graduated from Nebraska Wes- leyan as a geography major. He has been with the Park Service 1 1 ye;:rs. 'i started as a roving ranger," he will tell you. "There's no such thing now, but while it lasted it was the best job in the service for a young fellow, if," he smiled, "he had an adaptable wife. Fortunately, 1 have. Frances and I lived in a house trailer pulled by a government pickup truck and More than 18,000 people from all over the country visited the Tonto Cliff were ready to move on short notice Dwellings last year. Every one of them was met and guided through the to any of the Southwestern national ruin by Superintendent Sharp and his two helpers. monuments. I was relief ranger at White Sands, Montezuma Castle, Ban- delier, Tonto. Saguaro and Casa by the Southern Pacific Railroad in the He handed us a mimeographed leaflet Grande. Believe me, it was an educa- late 1920s as a tourist attraction on describing 21 objects of interest indi- tion. I not only learned about the the Apache Trail detour. This afforded cated by numbered stakes along the Park Service, but came out of it a some degree of protection, but unfor- trail. "We'll have this printed when we carpenter, plumber and mechanic." tunately much of the damage had al- get the bugs out of it. Let us know After this introduction, Charles v/as ready been done. The Southern Pa- what you think of the job." stationed at Carlsbad Caverns and cific built an access road, a trail to The lower cliff dwellings can be Chiricahua National Monument be- the lower ruin, a chain link fence seen perched in a natural arched cave tween 194! and 1947. across the front of the cave and in- in the quartzite bluff, 330 feet above The three of us walked on up to the stalled an Apache Indian caretaker monument headquarters. The trail cliff dwelling. We were silent as we and guide. But it wasn't until 1933 switchbacks up the canyon wall to the came to the cave, with its ancient that Tonto finally was taken over by ruin through a fascinating garden of masonry and fire-blackened walls. the National Park Service, and only desert flora. Tonto's elevation puts it Here was once the busy settlement of recently have appropriations been suf- in the Lower Sonoran life zone, with a people now lost among the dim pages ficient for the hard-working team of an Upper Sonoran shrub here and of prehistory. Sharp and Pierson to put the monu- there. ment in tiptop condition. The Indians who built these eagle- We wound up the trail in the bril- nest communities high in the cliffs "Where's Charles?" I asked as we liant morning sun, the sharp, aromatic were not too different from the pres- got out of the car. tang of the desert in our nostrils. ent-day Hopis or Zunis. Archeologists "Oh, he's driving the last stakes on Spring wildflowers were in bloom, and call them the Salado people, which is the new nature trail," said Lloyd. "We the songs of canyon wrens cascaded the Spanish word for "salty." They just finished the job this morning, and down from the cliffs above. To the apparently emigrated from the north vou two can be the first to trv it out." east we looked out across broad Salt about 1200 A.D. and settled alone

DESERT MAGAZINE the Salt River. They built villages and cultivated maize, beans, squash and cotton. In fact, before Roosevelt Dam flooded the valley, remains of Salado irrigation ditches could plainly be seen. But along in the early 1300s some- thing happened. Probably enemies swarmed down into the peaceful land and drove the Salados into defensive communities in the surrounding hills. At any rate, for almost a century they occupied their cliff dwellings and con- tinued to farm along the river below. But around 1400 A.D. they suddenly abandoned the region. No one knows why or where they went. The best guess is that the country was invaded by modern Yavapais from the north- west or Apaches from the east, and the Salados were forced to retreat. The main cliff dwelling, 85 feet long and 40 feet deep, originally was two stories high and contained about 25 rooms. The walls are of rough stone, cemented with adobe clay in which the finger marks of the builders are still visible. Much of the dwelling has crumbled to dust, but one room re- mains roofed over with saguaro ribs, topped by four or five inches of adobe Marian and Lloyd Pierson, Park Service archeologist at Tonto, with Dale and supported by the original beams Fred Pierson, probably the first baby born in the area in 500 years. and posts, cut and shaped by stone' axes. After 500 years, there still are now are preserved at the museum be- was a cradle board, then two baskets, evidences of the former red-skinned side the parking area. Lloyd came to under that a gourd pot and finally, a occupants: perfectly-preserved corn Tonto in 1948 as park archeologist, foot and a half below the surface, she cobs, seeds and the bones of wild ani- and I found him on my last visit with found the skeleton of a child sur- mals can be seen. The skeleton of a hammer in hand and nails in teeth, rounded with food, a hat, spindle stick, child has been excavated in the floor busily building exhibit cases. Today, yucca bow and arrows and a rattle. of one of the rooms and now is pro- the neat little museum has a model dis- "Little Louie," with all the parapher- tected under glass in a museum case. play room and a small but growing li- nalia for his premature trip to the But life in a cliff dwelling was ap- brary of Southwestern archeological Happy Hunting Grounds, now lies in parently no existence for the faint- literature. Lloyd pointed out the site state at the museum—one of Tonto's hearted or weak-backed. The nearest for a future larger museum which will most prized possessions. water supply was a seep or spring in be built when—and if—sufficient ap- We lunched at the picnic grounds the canyon a half mile distant; the val- propriations come through. under a spreading mesquite and visited, ley farmlands were two to four miles There are several other cliff dwel- as country neighbors will, with the away and 1000 feet below. Water, lings within the monument. The so- Sharps and Piersons. Meanwhile Ran- firewood, harvested crops and wild called Upper Ruin, largest of all, con- ger Bob Vrickland played Park Ser- game all had to be carried Indian-back tains 32 rooms. But there is no trail, vice host to the continually arriving up to the dwellings. Furthermore, and the walls are in a rather danger- visitors whose cars bore license plates these ancient apartment houses were ous state of deterioration, so the Park from New York to California. Last more crowded than the worst modern Service discourages all visitors except year 18,460 people registered at Tonto, tenement—five to ten Indians eating serious archeological students. When and this year they have been coming and sleeping together in dark, smoky, time and funds can be found this fine at the rate of 3000 a month—about windowless rooms little bigger than ruin undoubtedly will be stabilized and twice as many as when Superintendent closets. opened to the public. Another 14- Sharp took over the monument. room dwelling, adjacent to the lower Nevertheless the Salados were ob- Although open all year, Tonto is viously an industrious hard-working ruin, Lloyd excavated last year with a crew of four men—and Mrs. Pierson. hot in summer, and the best season people with a high level of culture. is from late October until mid-June. They made excellent decorative and "In fact, it was Marian who dis- covered 'Little Louie'," said Lloyd. It can be reached in three hours' drive plain pottery and wove fine cotton tex- over Arizona's famed Apache Trail "Little Louie" was one of the most tiles, embroidery, open work and dia- from Apache Junction to the west, or mond twills. Their dwellings have remarkable finds at Tonto. One day Lloyd and Marian saw the corner of in an hour from Globe to the south. yielded sandals, mats and ropes of You can get gasoline, meals and lim- yucca fiber, shell and turquoise orna- a bear grass mat sticking out of the ments, bows and arrows and stone ground. ited supplies at the little town of Roose- implements, which give a revealing "You dig it up," said Lloyd, "while velt, V?2 miles distant, and there is cross section of the daily lives and I look over those upper rooms." a motel. No camping is permitted in habits of the extinct Salados. So Marian started digging gopher- the monument, but there are several Due to the enthusiastic labors of fashion around the mat. She pulled it fair spots near Roosevelt Dam by the Lloyd Pierson, many of these artifacts out, but that wasn't all. Underneath shores of Roosevelt Lake.

OCTOBER, 1952 21 Hillsdale, Arizona . . . The tungsten unit at Hillsdale Min- ing and Milling Company's mill is reported near completion. The unit. a conventional gravity plant of 300 tons capacity, will be used to treat both company and custom ores. The Window Rock, Arizona . . . Carlsbad, New Mexico . . . gravity section includes crushing and The Navajo Tribal Council has The 100.000th carload of potash grinding equipment with concentra- voted to enter the mining business as was shipped this summer from Inter- tion by flotation, tabling and magnetic a tribal enterprise. The resolution em- national Minerals and Chemical separation. Principal production will powered the tribe to acquire its own Corporation's mines at Carlsbad. In- come from the Tungstona and Black mining or oil drilling properties and ternational Minerals produces approx- Pearl mines.—Mining Record. to produce its own minerals, supplant- imately one-fourth of the total domestic • • • ing the present setup whereby private output of potash salts. Winnemucca, Nevada . . . companies lease tribal land and pay • • c The Riley Mine, 42 miles northeast royalties on their production. What Moab, Utah . . . of Winnemucca, has been reopened by the tribe actually does will depend Development and production of the United States Vanadium Corpora- largely on results of surveys now being uranium mines in the Moab area are tion and is again a producer of tung- conducted on the New Mexico-Ari- endangered by an amendment to the sten. The ore will be hauled two zona reservation. At the present time, federal leasing act, passed in 1946 but miles to the mill of Getchell Mines. Vanadium Corporation of America is kept secret until now. The amend- Inc.. for preliminary milling, and con- doing the bulk of the uranium mining ment reserves to the United States centrates will be shipped to the U.S.V. on the reservation. Some teams from government all fissionable materials plant at Bishop, California, for proc- the Atomic Energy Commission itself found in land covered by oil and gas essing.—Humboldt Star. also are working on the Navajo lands. leases. This casts a shadow over many e • • —Arizona Republic. lode claims. Unless Congress passes Tonopah, Nevada . . . • • • remedial legislation to nullify or modi- The Last Chance Mining Company, Washington, D. C. . . . fy the amendment, hundreds of miners In a report to Congress, Secretary and prospectors and several large com- which conducts the only antimony of Interior Oscar L. Chapman visual- panies stand to lose vast sums of operation of its kind in the state, re- ized a vast synthetic oil industry which money already invested in develop- cently completed its smelter. It em- he said would return a handsome profit ment of their claims.—Moab Times- ploys an electrolytic method of treat- and boost the nation's oil reserves by Independent. ment which was developed by the "many billions of barrels." He urged • • • U. S. Bureau of Mines. Operations are located southwest of Round Moun- private industry to develop as soon as Virginia City, Nevada . . . possible commercial plants for trans- tain in the Wall Canyon district. — Three former gold mills now are Goldfield News. forming oil shale and coal into gaso- running on tungsten ore on the his- line and other synthetic fuels.— Vernal toric silver and gold Comstock Lode. • • • Express. The Consolidated Virginia and Day- Austin, Nevada . . . • • • Santa Fe, New Mexico . . . ton Consolidated plants have been Recalling the days when Austin was Eighteen miles south and west of treating scheelite several months, and a famous silver producer, the Castle Santa Fe, in a section known as Los the Recovery mill at Silver City has Mountain Mine will begin large scale Cerrillos—the Little Hills—zinc and been changed to a tungsten concen- production as soon as preliminary lead are causing new activity in the trator to handle scheelite from the construction work is completed. A oldest mining area of the state. Two Brunswick Canyon Mine. mill to be operated on the property mines — the Tom Payne owned by • • • will handle custom work for small Santa Fe Lead Mines and the Penn- Beowawe, Nevada . . . mines throughout the Austin area in- sylvania mine — are producing ore Discovery of deposit of commer- sofar as custom contracts do not inter- with a content of approximately 16 cial sulphur near Beowawe has been fere with the regular output of the percent lead and 25 percent zinc. Ex- announced by Oscar J. Streeter and Castle Mountain mine. The drift to pansion is planned this winter. Los Pete Peterson of Elko. The deposit is the old mine shaft has been completed, Cerrillos long has hummed with min- believed to contain 100,000 tons of and workmen now are stoping and ing activity. The fabulous Mina del the mineral. About 400 tons of sul- hauling to the mill. — Reese River Tiro, a silver-lead mine known to the phur have been uncovered to date.— Reveille. Spaniards prior to the Pueblo revolt Rattle Mountain Scout. of 1680, is there, and the famous • • • • • • Chalchihuitl turquoise mine of the Searchlight, Nevada . . . Virginia City, Nevada . . . Indians lies nearby.—Humboldt Star. Searchlight, once one of Nevada's . The last stamp mill to operate for • • • important gold and silver centers, may the recovery of precious metals in Barstow, California . . . enjoy another boom through discov- Virginia City has resumed processing Lighthouse Mining Corporation of ery of uranium. John E. Loring of gold. The 10 stamp mill owned by Barstow has announced it will buy Las Vegas and a scientist friend from Earl and Abe Evans commenced op- scheelite-bearing ores or mill such ores the east recently explored the area erations in August. If worked on a on a custom basis at its Mojave river with geiger counters, and in Search- 24-hour basis, the mill will have a bed plant. Machinery consists of pri- light proper the instrument reacted daily capacity of between 12 and 15 mary and secondary jaw crushers, violently, indicating that the area was tons. A backlog of ore from the screens, ball mill, cone classifiers and highly radioactive. The Canadian Ra- Evanses' Bold Eagle Claim near the tables. The mill has a capacity of dium and Uranium Corp. of New York southern slope of Cedar Hill has been about 80 tons per 24 hours.—Hum- has been awarded exploration rights. trucked in for processing.—Territorial boldt Star. —Las Vegas Review-Journal. Enterprise.

22 DESERT MAGAZINE Painted , , , Picture of On an April trip through Painted Canyon east of Mecca, California, Robert Leatherman of San Bernardino saw a beautiful white crested lizard basking in the sun. With his Crown Graphic camera set for 1/25 second at f 16, Leather- man took this study, first prize winner in the August photo contest. Second The Month prize was won by Alice Puster, whose picture of gnarled Joshua tree limbs appears on the poetry page.

OCTOBER, 1952 23 Hoping to rediscover the lost gold ledge for himself, the prospector held up a piece of the rich ore and advised the Indians: "It is no good. Throw it away." Lost Pima Indian Gold .

By JOHN D. MITCHELL On the Sacaton reservation in north end of tiie San Tan Mountains. Sketch by Charles Keetsie Shirley Arizona are living Pima Indians They stopped here to quench their Navajo artist who were present many years thirst and to rest for the night. ago when a guide party of their Just before sunset, an old prospec- YEARS ago, a party of tribesmen found two bleached eastern bear hunters engaged tor came to the waterhole to fill his skeletons and a pile of ore kegs and water his burros. The ani- a group of young Pima Indi- seamed with gold. Here is the ans to guide them into the Mt. Ord mals drank their fill and stood dosing story — as pieced together by in the warm light from the setting sun, country 50 miles northeast of Phoenix, John Mitchell from information Arizona. while the prospector busied himself gained from the Indians and filling the kegs and making ready to The easterners planned to spend from other sources. several weeks hunting in the area, and return to his camp high in the foothills of the Superstitions. when the Indian guides had seen them and carrion birds. Nearby lay a num- comfortably established in the wilder- ber of old brass shells of the large His tasks done, he stopped to chat ness camp, they started back to the with the young Pimas who were pre- caliber used in guns of that early per- paring their evening meal of small reservation. To shorten the distance iod in the West. A few badly rusted home, they traveled in a straight line game they had killed along the way. cooking utensils, mining tools and Seeing the pile of ore that the Indians from the southern base of Mt. Ord to other pieces of camp equipment lay the northern foothills of the Supersti- had carelessly thrown on the ground, scattered over the ground near a shal- tion Mountains. They had been well the old man casually picked up a few paid for the trip and, in a merry mood, low mining shaft. On one side of the pieces and was surprised to find them they traveled fast, single file, chanting rude working was a pile of ore con- flecked with bright yellow gold. Not their tribal songs as they hurried along. taining yellow metal that sparkled in wishing to excite the Pimas and hoping While passing through the high the sunlight. Thinking the rock might to disguise from them the value of rocky ground a few miles north of the be of some use to tribal craftsmen, the their find, he threw the ore on the Superstition Mountains, the young bucks gathered a few of the larger ground. "It is no good," he told the bucks suddenly came upon two skele- pieces to take home with them. bucks, and advised them to throw it tons. Upon closer examination, they It was late afternoon when they away. appeared to be white men, probably again set out for the reservation. They The next morning when the pros- prospectors. The bones had bleached skirted the sandy lands on the west pector returned to the waterhole the white from long exposure to the ele- side of the Superstitions and by late Indians were gone; but he was de- ments and lay over a considerable evening arrived at an ancient water- lighted to find they had left a few area, evidently disturbed by coyotes hole between Queen Creek and the pieces of the ore behind. After water-

24 DESERT MAGAZINE ing his burros again, he gathered up between Mt. Ord and the northern to the southern slopes of Mt. Ord and the rich samples and hurried back to slopes of the Superstitions. then prospecting along both sides of his camp in the mountains. He ate a After celebrating his good fortune the line, he might have located the hasty meal, then saddled one of his for several days, the old man returned lost ledge. burros and set out to backtrack the to his camp to plan a campaign that Another story seems to explain the Indians to where they had found the would enable him to keep the secret construction of the crude mine shaft ore, the shallow shaft and the two of the mine while locating the old shaft and the two whitened skeletons the skeletons they had told him about the and reap its benefits for himself. young Pima guides found near it. night before. In the years that followed, he man- One day, during the time United He found the trail easy to follow aged to guard his secret and to live States soldiers were stationed at Fort until he came to the high rocky coun- off the country while he searched the McDowell in the Apache country try north of the Superstitions, where rocky wilds for the lost gold. Finally, north of Phoenix, two soldiers went it disappeared among barren boulders. when too old and feeble to face the out deer hunting across the Verde He rode in circles, cutting for signs, continued hardships of life alone in River east of the fort. They returned but was unable to find any tracks be- the desert, he revealed the secret to that evening loaded down with all the yond the desert's edge and the soft others. Several took up the search, but rich gold ore they could carry. The sand. It was growing late, and the like the old prospector, they never ore was a white milky quartz gener- tired old man reluctantly decided to were able to locate the right place. ously flecked with free gold; the metal return to camp for the night and later Disillusioned and broke, the old recovered from it was sold in Phoenix plan another trip into the high rocky for $1400. Soon after the two soldiers ground that lay beyond the desert to man spent the last years of his life hanging around saloons and gambling returned to the high rocky location the north. between the Superstitions and Mt. Ord, Anxious to know what the ore would houses in Phoenix, where he earned many a free drink or a good meal by but they were unable to find the white run in gold, he took the samples to ledge they had discovered while trail- the assay office in Phoenix. Joe Por- showing the small pieces of rich quartz and telling his story to new arrivals in ing a wounded deer that day and from terea, an old-time assayer well known which they had broken the rich ore. to many pioneers of the state, tested the frontier town. Evidently the old man had not lived After being discharged from the the gold-studded quartz, and the cer- army, the soldiers are believed to have in the West long enough to learn that tificate he turned over to the prospec- made their way back into the country tor showed that it ran $35,000 per ton Indians, traveling on foot or on horse- and again taken up the search for the in gold and showed every evidence of back, often follow a straight course. lost ledge. The skeletons found by the having come from the country where By drawing a straight line on a map young Indian guides most likely were the Pimas said they had found it— from the north end of the Superstitions theirs. Successful in rediscovering the gold lode, they probably had been killed by Apache renegades hiding out in the caves of the Superstitions long after Geronimo and his band of war- Prize Picture Contest - fa* riors had been rounded up and placed on reservations. With the coming of October and the cool fall months on the desert, There are yet a few old Pimas on the camera fraternity will be starting their seasonal trek to the land the Sacaton reservation along the Gila of colorful sunsets and long shadows. The desert offers both clear River who were members of the guide days and cloudy days—and such a wide variety of subjects as are party which first found the soldiers' to be found nowhere else. In order that the best of the pictures taken ore. They might have led the old pros- by Desert Magazine readers may be shared with others, Desert's staff pector back to the rich gold lode, but offers cash prizes each month for photographs submitted in our he selfishly kept his secret until he no Picture-of-the-Month contest. longer could hope to benefit from it. Entries for the October contest must be in the Desert Magazine office. Palm Desert, California, by October 20, and the winning prints TRUE OR FALSE ANSWERS will appear in the December issue. Pictures which arrive too late for Questions are on page 12 one contest are held over for the next month. First prize is $10; second 1—False. The Chuckawalla is harm- prize $5.00. For non-winning pictures accepted for publication $3.00 less. each will be paid. 2—False. The atlatl was used as a weapon for killing game. 3—False. Tuzigoot Ruins National HERE ARE THE RULES Monument is in Arizona. 1—Prints for monthly contests must be black and white, 5x7 or larger, printed 4—False. Rose quartz has a hard- on glossy paper. ness of 7. Calcite is 3. 2—Each photograph submitted should be fully labeled as to subject, time and 5—False. Taking petrified wood out place. Also technical data: camera, shutter speed, hour of day, etc. of the Monument is forbidden. 3—PRINTS WILL BE RETURNED WHEN RETURN POSTAGE IS ENCLOSED. 6—True. 7.—True. 4—All entries must be in the Desert Magazine office by the 20th of the contest 8—False. The Mojave River ends month. in a series of desert playas. 5—Contests are open to both amateur and professional photographers. Desert 9—True. 10—True. Magazine requires first publication rights only of prize winning pictures. 11—False. The Shivwits Indians are 6—Time and place of photograph are immaterial, except that it must be from the in Utah. desert Southwest. 12—True. 13—-True. 7—Judges will be selected from Desert's editorial staff, and awards will be made 14—False. The flower of the Joshua immediately after the close of the contest each month. Tree is creamy white. 15—False. Winnemucca derived its name from a famous Paiute Address All Entries to Photo Editor chief. 16—False. Tinajas is a Spanish word meaning natural tank. 'Decent PALM DESERT. CALIFORNIA 17—True. 18—True. 19—True. 20—True.

OCTOBER, 1952 2b Old Salton Sea salt works—inundated in 1906-07. The Salt in Salton Sea

By W. DEANE WILEY burr mill, and the salt ended its jour- When the Colorado River ney at the bagging tables where it HE JULY sun flickered over the broke through and created the was made ready to ship to market. horizon of the desert and dipped present Salton Sea in 1905-6-7, One of the most amazing features 7 265 feet below sea level to it destroyed a thriving salt in- of the salt bed was the daily depositing strike the backs of Indians plodding dustry. For 50 years great salt of new salt by seepage from under- slowly to work. Before many hours beds in the Salton basin had ground water evaporated to leave a had passed, a thermometer on the been yielding thousands of crust of almost pure sodium chloride main building registered 130 degrees. tons annually of a product which ranged in thickness from 10 lo Across the corner of a 1000-acre field which was of unusually pure 20 inches. There was little danger of the Indians worked, heedless of the quality. Here is the story of the bed ever being exhausted. In fact, heat and the glare reflected from a sur- the birth of the industry in 1855, during the entire time that the salt face of such dazzling whiteness that its tumultuous life, and its sud- industry flourished in the Sink, only few white men dared look at it for den burial beneath the waters about 10 acres of the area had been long except through smoked glasses. of a newly formed sea. plowed. This is how the New Liverpool Salt Until 1901 title to the land was Company might have looked to a vis- vested in the United States govern- itor in the year 1884. At that time ment, and the New Liverpool Com- effects of ocean bathing, large quanti- there was no Salton Sea as we know pany had no deed to the property and ties were sold as bath crystals. it today. In its place was a vast bed therefore no legal right to the harvest. of shifting sand and alkali flats. Lo- Owing to the unusual purity of the It was not long before a rival salt out- cated at the northern end, about 12 salt—tests showed 94.68 percent to fit, the Standard Salt Company, dis- miles from the town of Mecca, was 97.76 percent sodium chloride—none covered this and brought it to the one of the largest salt fields in the of the refining machinery generally attention of government officials. The United States. The deposit, essenti- used by salt works was needed. The latter had no choice but to act. and ally rock salt, covered almost 1000 plant consisted of machinery for grind- the New Liverpool was ordered to v; - acres. ing and bagging and an aspirator cate the deposit. On January 15, 1855, the New through which the final product was Liverpool Manufacturing Company, put to insure cleanliness. The New Liverpool Company then later the New Liverpool Salt Company, In gathering the salt, kirge four- induced the Senator from Nevada. Wil- was granted articles of incorporation wheeled plows were used. In the cen- liam M. Stewart, to come to its aid. by the California State Department. ter sat an Indian workman who guided Senator Stewart acted immediately, The gold rush was not yet 10 years the machine across the bed. Motive and on January 22. 1901. he intro- old. but this group of men, headed by power was obtained by attaching a duced "An act extending the mining George W. Dubrow, saw more gain in band to the plows and then to dummy laws to saline lands." The bill was the white gold of the Salton Sink than engines, situated on each side of the passed by the Senate and was sent to in the yellow gold of stream and moun- bed to pull it back and forth. The the President for signature. tain. furrows were about eight feet wide While all this activity was taking In its first year of operation, the and six inches deep, and each plow place in Washington, a race was shap- company shipped 1500 tons of salt to was capable of harvesting over 700 ing up in the desert town of Mecca. the markets in San Francisco and in- tons of salt per day. After the salt Both the New Liverpool Company creased this yield materially in its later was broken with the plow it was piled and the Standard Company had sta- years of ooeration. The salt was valued into small mounds in and around the tioned agents in Washington and at at from $6.00 to $34.00 per ton. ac- drying shed from where it finally was Mecca, the closest telegraph to the cording to its quality. The lowest taken to the main mill. Here it was salt fields, so that when the word came grade was used for hide salt, and the hoisted to the upper floor and placed over the wire that the President had more highly refined product was sold in a bulkhead breaker which reduced signed the bill, each might be the first to druggists. For a while, when health it to particles of the same size. The to file on the land and therefore get cultists were extolling the beneficial particles were further reduced at a the choicer sections. The Standard

26 DESERT MAGAZINE Company had hired a team of horses and a buggy, while the New Liverpool Company chose to take its chances on an old railroad pump car running on the spur track to the field. The Standard Company also had secretly stationed a man on top of the tele- graph office. The message was flashed over the wire by the Washington agents of both companies. As the New Liver- pool man ran to his men on the hand car, the Standard Salt man merely walked out to the middle of the street and called to the man on top of the telegraph office that the bill was signed and to let things go. This man jumped up and, in plain view of everyone, flashed a set of pre-arranged signals to a watching agent on the deposits twelve miles away. A compromise was effected later whereby the Standard Salt Company was placed on an equal footing with the New Liverpool outfit. In the Los Angeles directory for 1900 there is an entry to the effect that James S. Henton was manager of both salt companies, leading one to believe Salt was harvested from the floor of the basin by two huge plows pulled by that a merger was effected shortly after donkey engines stationed at the ends of the field. the filing race. The well-known story of the for- over $2,000,000 and tie up more than ing more water to flow into the Salton mation of the present day Salton Sea 1200 miles of main line track in one Sink. A bill supplementing this orig- brought a sad ending to the enter- attempt after another to close the inal one was presented January 29, prising salt companies. In trying to break. 1906 for additional damage to the control the mighty Colorado River for The two salt companies immedi- salt beds and plant. An extra $180,- irrigation purposes, California Devel- ately instituted suit against the devel- 000 was asked for the beds and $30,- opment Company engineers turned the opment company in the Superior Court 000 for the plant. entire volume of the river inland, to of Riverside County. On the petition By December 19, 1907, the salt the Salton Sink. Tons of water poured of the development company, the case companies' beds and plants were com- into the great depression, and damage was removed to the Circuit Court of pletely destroyed. Company officials totaling millions of dollars was listed the United States for the Southern then altered the supplementary bill to by the Salt Companies and the South- Division of the Southern District of $325,000 for lands and $75,000 for ern Pacific Railroad. This latter com- California. plants to bring total damages to $600,- pany was not to see the end of its trials The suit was brought for $200,000 000. The Southern District Court with the river for several years after damages and an injunction to restrain this flooding. It was destined to spend the development company from caus- (Continued on next page)

The New River chasm across the Imperial Valley was formed by this flood torrent from the Colorado River as it flowed to the bottom of the basin— forming Salton Sea.

••>•••.

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OCTOBER, 1952 27 granted damages of $456,746.23 with costs, which amounted to $1500. The development company carried the case to the United States Circuit Court of Appeals where the judgment of the lower court was affirmed in a decision rendered by Judge Morrow in August, 1909. A re-hearing was denied by the same judge. October 4. 1909. The development company was not satisfied with this turn of events and appealed the case to the United States Supreme Court. But this court refused even to hear the case, and the salt companies finally won out. Mobilgas According to written reports of the few who traveled the desert during the time of the salt companies, the sight was one of the most beautiful they had ever witnessed. The brilliance of the salt under the sun produced varied and attractive mirage effects. Today, as the casual traveler passes the great sea, he little realizes the activity that he might have seen 60 years before. Today, thousands of ducks alight on the great body of water, rowboats and speedboats ply the waves, and beach resorts line portions of the shore. The United States Navy has taken a large portion of the sea for experimental purposes. Yet, while all of this activity abounds on the surface of the great land-locked body of water, beneath the sea lies LI town, the remains of part of the main line of the Southern Pacific Railroad, the New Liverpool and Standard Salt Companies, and one of the largest and purest saline deposits in the world.

After having covered nearly all the western United States by foot, thumb and freight car, Walter Deane Wilev who wrote the story on the old Salton Sea salt works for this issue of Desert Magazine, finally landed in Southern California in 1940. Wiley was born in the Sandhills of Nebraska and, after two years in the Navy as an officer candidate at the University of California at Los Ange- iendly service* \ les, he returned to his home state to ">6ur/Wobilgas Deafer does those important study law at the University of Ne- braska. He transferred back to Cali- Services- like checking the condition of /our battery fornia and received his bachelor's de- before cold weather sets in. Depend on him for aJ[ the gree from Claremont Men's College, products and services that make your cax last longer. Claremont. After graduation, Wiley accepted a position as credit manager for Imperial Hardware Company in El Centro. He presently is employed by the Food Machinery and Chemical Corporation, GENERAL PETRCXEUIA CORPORATION — Z-48C Riverside. His spare time he spends ure's gift -for better //wnff. doing research and writing magazine stories. DESERT MAGAZINE Patrolmen Build Goodwill . . . WICKENBURG — Arizona State Highway patrolmen have added a pub- lic relations service to their law en- forcement duties. Each officer now carries a supply of "courtesy warning" Labor Exploiters Warned . . . Shrubs Threaten Range . . . letters to be handed to motorists in WINDOW ROCK — The Navajo PHOENIX—Worthless shrubs that lieu of citations for minor traffic vio- Tribal Council provided jail and fines infest range lands in the Southwest lations. The letter points out to the for wildcat recruiting of Indian labor pose a problem for stockmen, says erring traveler that his trip might be in a resolution requiring all recruiters Walter Armer, extension livestock spe- seriously affected by having to appear to obtain approval of the tribal coun- cialist at the University of Arizona. in court and expresses the hope that cil and area Indian service director The most serious offenders in the state the Highway Patrol's consideration before being allowed to sign Navajos include cedar or juniper, mesquite, will be rewarded by increased safety for jobs. Wildcat labor recruiters have cholla cactus, prickly-pear cactus, bur- on the highways.—Wickenburg Sun. caused much trouble and hardship, the roweed and snake weed. They have Indian service reports, encouraging shown a noticeable increase over the • • > Navajos to leave the reservation and past half century. Because of a deeper Lions Kill 32 Sheep . . . then putting them in poorly paid jobs root system, shrubs can survive dur- FLAGSTAFF —Lions slaughtered and abandoning them.—Ariz.ona Re- ing drouths that would kill grasses. 32 sheep in a band of 1500 grazing public. Also, shrubs use moisture during the in the Kendrick Park area in August, • • • winter months while grass lies dor- mant. With the encroachment of reported Sheepman Bert Babbitt. At Plan Border Shrine . . . shrubs, the carrying capacity of the current prices, the slaughter repre- BISBEE—Towering Coronado Peak range is reduced, and, because the sents a loss of nearly $1000. Ranchers in the Huachuca mountain range may root systems of shrubs are not as good surmise that the big cats have found someday be a point where thousands soil binders as the fine surface roots deer so scarce in the area that they of tourists stop off each year. The of grasses, erosion increases. Agricul- have turned to sheep for food.—Co- Coronado National Memorial has been tural agents now are studying methods conino Sun. passed by Congress and approved by of shrub control.—Arizona Republic. the President. The National Park Service hopes to develop the area Okay Compulsory Education . . . within the next few years, planning WINDOW ROCK—By a vote of 64 eventually to erect an observation sta- to 1, the Navajo Tribal Council en- tion on Coronado Peak. It is hoped dorsed compulsory education for chil- that Mexico will lay aside a portion dren between and including the ages of its lands on the peak for the crea- of 6 and 16 and also voted to permit tion of an international monument to officials of state-operated schools to the Spanish explorer who crossed over CALIFORNIA CAR BED—Front seat folds exercise and enforce the law on Nav- to level double bed. from Mexico into the United States ajo children. The provision does not CUSTOM CRUISING SEAT—Luxurious twin more than 400 years ago.—Arizona apply, however, to Indians of any front seats. Reclining; automatic bed level- Republic. ing features. Transferable to next car. tribe in which a duly constituted gov- Gome in for Demonstration by • • • erning body exists until such body has Modern Apache Education . . . adopted a resolution consenting to O. R. REUTER 2801 W. SLAUSON AX. 0888 FORT APACHE—When the first such adoption.—Arizona Republic. LOS ANGELES, CALIFORNIA school was started in a vacant soldiers' barracks at old Fort Apache in 1892, cavalry troopers were called upon to help round up reluctant Indian boys and girls who had been hidden out by their more reluctant parents. In TRADITIONAL NAVAJO M0«A$lW 60 years the trend has changed from how - to - avoid to how - to - get - more Vy Indi schooling. Today the tribal council for men and women enforces compulsory attendance and the original White rawhide sole—Navajo rust buckskin top is supported by parents of the boys other colors available — write for descriptive and girls. The agency's Theodore literature Roosevelt School is attended by young Indians from Fort Apache villages as well as from other reservations in the $13.50 postpaid state.—A rizona Republic. Moneybaok Guarantee .... for supreme comiort and thrilling pleas- Visitors Like Relics . . . ure .... ideal for casual wear .... outdoors TOMBSTONE — The restoration .... indoors .... square dances etc exhibit in Tombstone's Schieffelin Hall FOR A PERFECT FIT SEND OUTLINE OF is proving popular with tourist visitors. FOOT WITH ORDER ... NO C.O.D Displays include old relics of mining days and other items of historic inter- est. A community project, the exhibit KAIBAB BUCKSKIH-old pueblo station-P. 0. Box 5156 is monitored by volunteers.—Tomb- TUCSON, ARIZONA stone Epitaph.

OCTOBER, 1952 29 CALIFORNIA Experimental Trout Planted . . . NEEDLES — After years of re- THE DESERT TRADMG POST search, the California Bureau of Fish Classified Advertising in This Section Costs 8c a Word, $1.00 Minimum Per Issue Conservation in July planted 50,000 fingerling rainbow trout in the Colo- rado River near here. Although rain- INDIAN GOODS MISCELLANEOUS bow trout have been caught in Lake FOUR PERFECT and fine Indian Arrow- WHEN TOURING Colorado visit Hillside Havasu and all points between Parker heads $1.00. 2 large arrowheads $1.00: Handcraft Shop at Nederland — fifty and Davis Dam, the water temperature extra fine stone tomahawk $2.00; 4 miles from Denver, fifteen from Boulder. beautiful bird arrowheads $1.00; 2 flint Open every day of year. Souvenirs made is not considered correct for trout. knives $1.00; fine effigy peace pipe $8.00; in Nederland. Indian Handcraft, Post- However, the Arizona Fish and Game bone fish hook $2.00. 6" or over spear- cards, Novelties, etc. A sincere welcome Commission placed several thousand head $5.00. thin and perfect. List Free. awaits you. Mrs. K. M. Flarty, Owner. trout in the waters just below Davis Lear's, Glenwood, Arkansas. SAVE 50% on New Binoculars! Free cat- Dam about four years ago, and they WE SEARCH unceasingly for old and rare alog. Free book, "How to Select Binocu- grew so well with the ample food sup- Indian Artifacts, but seldom accumulate lars." Write today! Bushnell's 43-D 40 ply that a little over a year later 18 a large assortment. Collectors seem as 43 E. Green Street, Pasadena 1. Calif. eager to possess them as their original inch rainbows were caught. Richard owners. To those who like real Indian "ROCKHOUNDS ATTENTION": Radio D. Beland, who directed the plant, things, a hearty welcome. You too may and Television Lamps. Lamp kit $3.95 said the stocking was purely of an find here something you have long de- postpaid (assemble your favorite stones sired. We are continually increasing our experimental nature. A close watch on base). Send 10c in coin for snapshot will be made, and if the fish thrive stock with the finest in Navajo rugs, In- and list of contents in kit. Antique parch- dian baskets, and hand-made jewelry. ment lamp 5" diameter 10" high, cylinder there is every reason to believe the Daniels Trading Post. 401 W. Foothill type, shows sunset when lighted. Lynn river will become one of the favorite Blvd.. Fontana, California. Lamp Shop. Rt. I. Box I28A, Yuina, trout fishing streams in the state. — BOOKS — MAGAZINES Arizona. Desert Star. BOOKS FOUND—Any title! Free world- PROSPECTORS AND ROCKHOUNDS • • • wide book search service. Any book, wanted. To join the newly incorporated Fresh Water from Sea . . . new or old. Western Americana a spe- WASHINGTON — Discovery of cialty. Lowest price. Send wants today! United Prospectors Organization. If you International Bookfinders, Box 3003-D. are experienced or beginners the articles methods for taking the salt out of sea Beverly Hills. California. in our magazine are bound to help you water at relatively low cost opens tie enjoy your hobby and the outdoors. Send way for turning bleak deserts around THE STONE POINT: A comprehensive, your name for our new brochure and illustrated booklet on the Indian Arrow- literature. United Prospectors, Box 729. the world into rich farmlands, a Penn- head. Includes process of manufacture, Lodi. California. sylvania geographer believes. Dr. .1. types and purposes. Invaluable to the R. Smith, professor emeritus of eco- collector or student of anthropology. 50c. FIND YOUR OWN beautiful Gold nug- nomic geography at Columbia Uni- Adrian Atwater, Box 210, Carson City, gets! It's fun! Beginners' illustrated in- Nevada. struction book $1.00. Gold pan, $2.00. versity, said California, Australia and Israel are areas most likely to profit REAL ESTATE Where to go? Gold placer maps. South- ern California. Nevada, Arizona, $1.00 from the large-scale use of de-salted WILL SELL 5-acre patented Jackrabbit each state. All three maps $2.00. Desert sea water. Experiments have devel- Homestead 15 miles from Palm Springs, Jim, Box 604 Stockton, California. 4 miles from Palm Desert. 2 miles from oped a filtering membrane made of Palms-to-Pines Highway in Section 36. DESERT TEA. One pound one dollar coal tar and petroleum products which Elevation about 1000 feet. Has good postpaid. Greasewood Greenhouses. Len- Smith said can de-salt 1000 gallons 22-foot house trailer on cement block wood, Barstow, California. foundation. Two double beds. On hill- of sea water at an electrical expendi- side overlooking lower Cat canyon. No PANNING GOLD — Another hobby for ture of 20 kilowatts. According to the electricity, necessary to haul water. $1600 Rockhounds and Desert Roamers. A geographer, the process might save Los terms. Discount for cash. Address Owner. new booklet, "What the Beginner Needs Angeles and other Southern California Box HR. c/o Desert Magazine, Palm to Know," 36 pages of instructions; also communities the trouble of getting Desert, California. catalogue of mining books and prospec- tors' supplies, maps of where to go and their water from the Colorado River IF YOU LIKE the Desert you'll love New- via a 200-mile pipeline. Cost studies berry. Great opportunities for all year blue prints of hand machines you can income. Build modern housekeeping build. Mailed postpaid 25c, coin or indicate Southern California could get rentals. Write Chamber of Commerce, stamps. Old Prospector, Box 729, Desk its fresh water from the sea through Newberry. California. 5, Lodi, California. de-salting processes at about the same DESERT RETI RESTATES: 300 x 600 LADY GODIVA "The Worlds Finest price, possibly lower, than the present feet, on paved highway four miles south Beautificr." For women who wish to cost of lifting river water across the of Victorville; $1,000, $10 down, $10 become beautiful, for women who wish mountains.—Salt Lake Tribune. month. Matt Roy Thompson, 226 S. to remain beautiful. An outstanding des- Madison. Pasadena. SY 6-2424 Owner. ert cream. For information, write or ALPINE: 30 miles east of San Diego on call Lola Barnes. 963 N. Oakland, Pasa- PLAN YOUR TRIPS to the mountains, Hwy. SO: 1X5 acres of subdivision or dena 6, Calif., or phone SYcamorc 4-2378. seashore or desert with Topographic dude ranch view land. Abundant water Maps. We have a complete stock of source, $85,000. 100 acres choice highly NATIVE HUT. Novelty Lamp. Hut de- maps of all areas in California and four- improved ranch land $62,500. 5 acres view signed parchment shade. When lighted, teen other Western states. Many new with elaborate improvements and setting shows native dancer and drummer sil- ones recently issued. A postal card wi:h for a rest home $28,000. Ocotillo Desert houette. Raft type base, 5"x5"x2". Radio your name and address will put you on Resort: 26 miles west of El Centro on Lamp 1 1" high, $5.95 postpaid. Television our free mailing list. If it's maps see or Hwy 80. 2 acres motel site $2,000. 2 style, 12", $7.95 postpaid. Send 10c in write Westwide Maps Co., 114V£-116 W. acres trailer court location $1,600. Resi- coin for snapshot, credited on order. 3rd St., Los Angeles 13. Michigan 5339. dence lots 100x100 $225. Business lots Lynn Lamp Shop. Route 1, Box 128A. Yuma. Arizona. $6500 WILL BUY a well-constructed one- from $400 up. Mutual Water right $50. bedroom furnished home in the Dos Send for circular. John C. Chalupnik, PAN GOLD: 75 spots in 25 California Palmas estates. A beautiful desert loca- Alpine. California. counties for placer gold, township and tion, only 9 miles northeast of Palm SILVERY DESERT HOLLY PLANTS: range, elevation, geological formation, Springs. No fog, no smog. Also includes One dollar each postpaid. Greasewood near town. Pertinent remarks. $1.00. interest in beautiful swimming pool. R. Greenhouses. Lenwood, Barstow, Calif. Box 37, Los Angeles 42, California. H. McDonald, Desert Hot Springs. Calif.

30 DESERT MAGAZINE Rain-Chasers for Dates . . . INDIO — Rain, the bogey of all Coachella Valley date growers dur- ing the hot summer months when the crop is ripening, may be wooed away from groves by two skilled rain-chasers, if the plans of a group of growers are realized. E. S. Wallace and Walter Pulsifer, Mecca area ranchers, propose bringing to the valley E. F. Koose and J. Dunbar, successful rain-chasers in the Rogue River and Wenatche areas. "The idea is to seed the clouds and disperse them to the areas where no crops are planted," Wallace explained. "The dry hill region surrounding the valley is a natural spot to force the rain to fall."—India News. • • • For Desert Travelers . . . PALM SPRINGS—To make trav- eling across the desert easier for out- of-state visitors, Riverside County Su- pervisor Homer L. Varner has sug- gested building a series of roadside parks or shady shelters throughout the desert area from the Colorado River to San Gorgonio Pass. "On highways 60-70 from Blythe, tourists must travel 150 miles of desert roads; from Braw- ley, Highway 99 covers 85 miles be- fore there is any relief from summer heat," Varner pointed out. He urges immediate establishment of a park at the Colorado River Crossing at Blythe. one at Thousand Palms, one between Indio and Palm Springs, one between Imperial county and Indio on U. S. 99 and at least four between Blythe and Tndio on Highways 60-70.—Des- ert Sun. • • • Lift Mexican Beef Embargo . . . CALEXICO — The five and one- half year ban on the importation of Mexican beef cattle into the United The amazing purple motor oil States was lifted September 1 after in- vestigation showed continued progress in the eradication of foot and mouth ROYAL TRITON ! disease. Only two limited outbreaks of the cattle malady have been re- Royal Triton motor oil was developed to give all-inclusive lubricant ported in Mexico in the past 21/2 years. protection for today's automotive engines. This amazing purple oil During the ban, a number of Mexican keeps hydraulic valve lifters and other precision engine parts in meat canneries were established which perfect operating condition. will lessen the effect of the ban lifting on American cattlemen.—Palo Verde Royal Triton got its distinctive purple color from the unique Times. combination of fortifying compounds it contains. These compounds, • • • combined with its high quality, make Royal Triton America's finest Indians to Be Guests . . . heavy-duty motor oil. BLYTHE — Last year the Palo Verde chamber of commerce staged a HOW TO GET 100% PERFORMANCE FROM YOUR CAR barbecue for Indian farmers residing 1. Take your car to your car dealer's for frequent on the Colorado River Indian reserva- checkups-at least every 2,000 miles. tion. More than 800 tribesmen re- 2. Use the finest motor oil money can buy-Royal sponded—including Mojaves. Cheme- huevis, Yumas, Navajos and Hopis. Triton-45^i per quart. It was a gala day for all concerned A vailable at all Union Oil Minute Man stations and at leading and the business men of Blythe have car dealers' throughout the West and Western Canada. raised funds to stage an Indian barbe- UNION OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA cue again this year — on Saturday. LOOK FOR October 25.—Palo Verde Times. THIS SIGN

OCTOBER, 1952 31 NEVADA Cancel Antelope Seasons . . . Settlers Evicted for "Trespass" . . . Nevada Colors May Change . . . FALLON — Nevada antelope sea- TONOPAH —When homesteaders CARSON CITY—Nevada motor- sons planned for this year were can- —many of them combat war veterans ists may receive 1953 license plates celled at a meeting of the state fish —started to settle on the arid desert with copper-colored numerals against and game commission. Failure of this lands of southern Fish Lake Valley, a green background instead of the year's fawn crop and scattering of the they knew the land was unsurveyed. familiar blue and silver combination. antelope population were given as rea- But they believed the valley had prom- Plans to substitute a windshield sticker sons for the move.—Fallon Standard. ise of becoming a rich agricultural for 1953 plates were abandoned when • • • area, and they set to work to reclaim Rawhide Still to Get Mail . . . the desert wastes. Many have spent the state was allotted sufficient steel for RAWHIDE — The mail will con- the job.—Las Vegas Review-Journal. more than two years developing the tinue to go through to the historic soil, building homes and drilling wells mining camp of Rawhide. Residents —proving that the ground is suitable were worried for a while, after a no- for agriculture. 'EVERYTHING FOR THE HIKER' tice was posted in the community that "We believed that someday the gov- the U. S. postal department was con- ernment would get around to survey- SLEEPING BAGS sidering discontinuing service on Star ing the land and that, in recognition AIR MATTRESSES Route 75139, Nevada Scheelite mine of what we had done, would give us and mill to Fallon. The 22 families SMALL TENTS preference when permanent title was served on the route complained to granted," explained one of the 75 Fish and many other items Nevada Senator George Malone, and Lake Valley residents. plans to discontinue mail delivery were But in July, settlers were ordered tabled.—Las Vegas Review-Journal. VAN DEGRIFT'S HIKE jttJT off the lands by representatives of • • • multi-millionaire E. L. Cord, owner 717 West Seventh Street Lake Gets New Lease on Liie . . . LOS ANGELES 14. CALIFORNIA of the Circle L Ranch, and the Bureau AUSTIN — Pyramid Lake, which of Land Management. The Cord ranch had been vanishing slowly into the hot demanded that the settlers be evicted desert sands, received temporary res- AM N so it could exercise a 10-year grazing FURNACE CREEK INN "i" pite from the runoff of unprecedented lease on the land. FURNACE CREEK RANCH EUROPEAN PLAN snow falls in the Sierras this year. Via "We know this land is fertile, and iMtic DEATH VALLEY the Truckee River, which connects there is ample water to irrigate it."' Lake Tahoe, California, with Pyra- . cool nighti. Riding said one settler. "Given the chance, 3 ... golf . . tennis . . . mid Lake, the desert land has received or Death Volley Hotel C a. In Death Volley. Or we are prepared to prove it." The 1.090,000 acre-feet of water since settlers have banded together, and January 1, and the lake level rose six have hired an attorney to fight the to eight feet. The old lake will soon eviction order. — Tonopah Times- HAVASU CANYON be back to its previous level, however, Bonanza. "GEM OF THE GRAND CANYON" due to the heavy toll of evaporation Land of the Havasupai Indians—the natural wil- • • • derness beauty of an enchanting land—off the and irrigation.—Reese River Reveille. beaten track. Mixed parties being organized Ask Relaxed Mead Control . . . now for Fall—Sept. 19 to Nov. 1. BOULDER CITY —The Boulder Minimum Trip, 8 days, Including Transportation From $115 Looking for a PUBLISHER? City Chamber of Commerce has asked Do you have a book-length manuscript you Write for literature, details & reservations would like to ave published? Learn about the Department of Interior to relax WAMPLER TRAIL TRIPS our unusual p n whereby your book can be 1940 Hearst Ave. Berkeley 9, California published, proi noted and distributed on a government control of the Lake Mead professional ba is. We consider all types of Recreation Area to permit private and work—fiction, >iography, poetry, scholarly and religious books, etc. New authors wel- commercial competition improvements. come. For more information, write for valu- able booklet I). It's free. Specifically, the businessmen ask per- VANTAGE FRESfi, IXC. mission to construct adequate fishing <;:j.-><> Hollywood Blvd., Hollywood 28, Calif. Main Office: New York 1, \. Y. camps, winter residence sites and aux- iliary emergency boat docks at several points along the lake shore. — Las NE> Vegas Review-Journal. HOTEL Keep Your Back • • • Steamboats to Ply River Again . . . 160 Copies of desert BOL'LDLR CITY—Bids have been ROOMS WITH BATH issued by the Bureau of Reclamation from $2 OAY for Quick Reference for construction of a heavy-duty tug- MOST ECONOMICAL Attractive loose-leaf binders boat for use on the Colorado River and most pleasant way $1050 WEEK of living in Los Angeles. in Spanish grain leather, gold- near Needles, California, lime al- Beautiful, comfortably JeatuAuv? embossed, are available for lowed for completion is 120 days, furnished Outside Guest which means that sometime in 1953 AMERICAN those Desert readers who want Rooms . . . Delicious PLAN to keep their back copies for the —just 100 years after the first steam- meals, prepared by ex- ROOMS maps and travel information boat plied the river—a new one will pert chefs. Free parking WITH MEALS —T.V. For reservation or from they contain. Each binder holds be coming around the bend. The first $•350 steamboat made its appearance on the information write to •> DDAILY 12 issues. Easy to insert, and A. G. Chermely, Mgr. $17 50 they open flat. river in 1853. and for the next 60 729 SO. UNION AVE. WEEKLY Mailed postpaid for years paddle-wheelers churned the $2.00 waters intermittently from Yuma to above Black Canyon, as the water THE levels allowed. The modern craft will be used to move the bureau's office PALM DESEHT, CALIFOHNIA of river control dredge to various lo- cations.—Las Vegas Review-Journal. 32 DESERT MAGAZINE NEW MEXICO Students Save State Money . . . TAOS—Gerald Nailor, the Picuris Unearth Ancient Kiva Bells . . . SOCORRO—New Mexico is saving Pueblo Indian artist who painted the SANTA FE—Buried deep in the considerable money and time by hav- murals at the Department of Interior ventilator of the large kiva at Cuya- ing its mineral resources surveyed by building in Washington, D. C, died mungue ruins, now being excavated a unique group of "dollar-a-month in August from an injury received in north of Santa Fe, has been found men." Under an arrangement between a fight. Nailor, 36, also created the the largest collection of kiva ringing the State Bureau of Mines and Mineral murals in the Navajo Tribal Council stones ever found in the Rio Grande Resources and Columbia University, building at Window Rock, Arizona. Valley. Numbering 23 in all, these advanced geology students are doing He was best known for his paintings kiva bells are rod-shaped stones with the job under expert supervision. Al- of horses.—Arizona Republic. a measurement range of from four though they are paid only one dollar • • • inches to well over a foot in length. a month plus transportation, food and Ready Kit Carson Park . . . Each stone produces a singular and lodging, the students are given excel- TAOS — Preliminary work at Kit distinct musical note. lent opportunity for research study ap- Carson Memorial State Park in Taos The stones have been in use since plicable to their Ph.D. theses. Dr. has been completed, and park facilities prehistoric time, the Pueblo Indians Charles Behre, Jr., Columbia profes- are immediately available for tourists employing them to summon the men sor of economic geology in charge of and local residents. A road from the of the village to meetings in the kiva. the group, estimates "as much as main entrance has been constructed The bells were hung from a thong and $6000 a month is being saved by the and tables, benches and restroom fa- struck with another stone. The clear, state of New Mexico for every ten cilities are provided. Visitors will find penetrating sound could be heard for students employed under this arrange- ample parking space in the picnic area a considerable distance. ment."—New Mexican. and may walk from there to the ad- • • • joining cemetery where the famous The Cuyamungue find gives a wider scout is buried or to his home on Car- range in tones and sizes than is repre- Caves Promised New Elevators . . . CARLSBAD—Two new elevators, son Road. Dedication ceremonies will sented by the entire collection held be held later this year.—El Crepesculo. today by the Museum of New Mexico. capable of handling 25 persons each, —New Mexican. have been promised for Carlsbad Cav- erns to replace the two small, slow, • • • 1000 TRAVEL SCENES Navajos May Buy Ranches . . . 11-passenger lifts now being used. WINDOW ROCK—In an effort to With guided tours sometimes number- place Navajos and their stock off the ing 1550 persons, long waits are neces- sary unless tourists walk out of the crowded and hard-grazed reservation, FREE LIST the Navajo Tribal Council is consid- caves, a climb of about 1000 feet.— ^SAMPLES 30c WRITE TODAY ering buying three large ranches in New Mexican. KELLY D. CHODA the Southwest. The three tracts are • • • BOX 5 LOS ALAMOS. NEW MEX. the Frank Hubbell Estate south of TB Foremost Indian Killer . . . Grants, New Mexico, a half-million WASHINGTON — Dr. Fred T. acre spread which would cost $3,500,- Foard, chief of the health branch of LUCIUS BEEBE 000; the Howard Wilson holdings near the Bureau of Indian Affairs, has and Gallup and the Pojoaque-Picuris lands blamed the American people for "in- north of Santa Fe. Delegations already excusable health conditions" among CHARLES CLEGG have been sent to inspect the three the Indians, who have a five times announce their revival of the famous ranches, and the government is having greater death rate from tuberculosis technicians inspect range conditions. than the rest of the population. It is —New Mexican. the foremost killer among the Ameri- can Indians.—New Mexican. TERRITORIAL ASK YOUR CONTRACTOR ABOUT "PRECISION BUILT' RED CINDER BLOCKS ENTERPRISE A Weekly of the Western You'll have year Frontier Literary Tradition around comfort Nevada's first newspaper, newly revived after a generation—the source of Mark with Twain's fame—model for pioneer news- "Precision Built1 papers everywhere. $5.00 a year RED CINDER OR PUMICE BLOCKS SPECIAL OFFER to new subscribers! Homes of Distinction A special autographed printing of the are built with first issue was run on heavy book paper. Destined to become an item of Ameri- PLANS AVAILABLE cana, it will be sent to new subscribers. More DESERT CINDER BLOCKS FOR This offer is good for a limited time only. Send $5.00 to cover one year's House DESERT HOMES subscription and special autographed For TRANSIT MIXED CONCRETE CO. copy of the first edition Your TERRITORIAL ENTERPRISE 3464 E. Foothill Blvd., Pasadena 8 Virginia City, Nevada Money RYAN 1-6329 or Corona Phone 1340

OCTOBER, 1952 , 33 Tuition Plan for Indians . . . Reclamation Work Mapped . . . LOWER CALIFORNIA ALBUQUERQUH — The Indian SALT LAKE CITY—Upwards of Bureau and public school officials have five million dollars in construction ex- an agreed policy of turning Indian ed- penditures during the coming year has MAP ucation over to the state as this pro- tentatively been programmed by the Most complete map yet pub- cedure proves to be practical. Such a Bureau of Reclamation in Utah and lished of Baja California, con- program, however, is dependent upon adjoining states. The total of $5,614,- taining hundreds of the original federal aid. A new contract for edu- 700 estimated expenditure for the fis- place names. 28x42 inches, in cation of Indian children in New cal year of 1953 in Region 4—com- two colors. Published by Arey- Mexico public schools allots $125,897 prising Utah. Nevada, Southwestern Jones of San Diego. of federal funds to 18 school districts. Wyoming and Western Colorado — Postpaid, including tax, $1.00 The amount compares with $42,000 calls for spending $2,603,500 on the DESERT CRAFTS SHOP given the state last year for Indian Provo River project, largest single Palm Desert, California instruction.—New Mexican. item on the budget. Most of this allot- • • • ment will go toward completing the UTAH Duchesne Tunnel, scheduled to be Museum to Mold Dinosaur . . . finished within the calendar year. The VERNAL—A gift from Carnegie completion of the Provo River project BEFORE you Museum. Pittsburgh, will make it pos- will assure irrigation supplies for ap- sible for the Utah Field House of proximately 46,000 fertile farmlands AIR CONDITION Natural History to have on display the acres and for municipal and industrial skeleton of a 76-foot long dinosaur, uses.—Salt Lake Tribune. Diplodocus. The Museum will form • • • your home • •• the bones from original molds cast Investigate Meteorite Fall ...... Read the 11 Case Histories of home from a Diplodocus excavated at Dino- CTRCLEVILLE — Two astrono- owners who did . . . They have large, saur Quarry and now on display at mers from the University of Utah medium-size, small homes. In Califor- the Carnegie Museum. The skeleton, visited Circleville to investigate mete- nia, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Florida, almost perfect, of one of the largest Texas and a dozen other states. They orite fragments which had fallen in have brick, concrete block and stucco prehistoric reptiles ever unearthed Kingston Canyon. The scientists be- homes, homes of fieldstone, of wood- caused so much comment soon after lieved the fragments to be from the siding, la all kinds of its discovery that Andrew Carnegie large meteor observed over western climates. York Know what these home Air Conditioning had a complete set of molds cast to states in June.—Garfield County News. owners decided about • Sovei hours of make ten complete Diplodocus skele- • • • air conditioning. Get house-cltonlng tons which he presented to foreign "Galloping Goose" Doomed . . . the list of basic points. • Provide! draft- museums. No longer needed at Car- free circulation MONTICELLO — Residents of See floor plans. Com- negie, the molds were offered to the pare. Avoid mistakes. • Eanishei ilifllng Southeastern Utah's San Juan Basin Get "AIR CONDI- lummer heat Utah Field House.—Vernal Express. remember the historic "Galloping TIONING THE Relieves hay fi- HOME, 14 Case His- v«r tortures Goose"—Rio Grande Southern nar- tories that can help • lets you sleep on STATEMENT OF THK OWXERNHIP, MAN- row gauge railroad which operated AGEMENT, AND CIRCULATION UK(Jl'IRKI) YOU." Indispensable. hot nights BY THK ACT OF CONGRESS OF AUGUST for many years between Durango and Informative. FREE. • Shuts out street 24, 1912, AS AMENDED BV THK ACTS OF Ridgway in Southwestern Colorado. Send for yours now! nolset MARCH 3, lit:!:!, AND JULY 2, 1!I4« (Title 39, Tinted States Code, Seetion 233) With the decline of silver mining in Of The Desert Magazine published monthly at Palm Desert. California, for October, 1952. the San Juan Basin country and the SEND FOR FREE 1. The names and addresses of the publisher, editor, managing editor, and business managers growth of trucking, freight revenues are: Publisher, Desert Press. Inc., Palm Desert, of the line dwindled to almost nothing. BOOKLET California; Editor, Randall Henderson. Palm Desert, California: Business manager, Hess Now bankrupt, the company is forced Stacy, Palm Desert, California. 2. The owner is: (If owned by a corporation, to sell its rails and equipment. A Chi- its name and address must be stated and also cago firm is high bidder, offering $409,- immediately thereunder the names and ad- dresses of stockholders owning or holding 1 000 for 172 miles of rails, some roll- percent or more of total amount of stock. If not owned by a corporation, the names and ad- ing stock and other equipment. dresses of the individual owners must be given. If owned by a partnership or other unincorpo- The "Goose" used steam locomo- rated firm, its name and address, as well as that of each individual member, must be given.) tives to haul ore trains when mining Lena Clements, Paul Gilbert, Clifford W. Hen- was prosperous. In recent years its derson, Cyria Henderson, Randall Henderson. Evonne Riddell. Martin Moran. Nina Paul trains were powered by odd-looking Shumway, Hess Stacy all of Palm Desert, Cali- TRI-CITY CLIMATE CONTROL CO. ' fornia; Philip T. Henderson, Pasadena, Cali- units equipped with flanged wheels fornia; Vera L. Henderson, Los Angeles, Cali- and automobile engines.—New Mex- Pleats tend m* your new FREE bookltf. fornia; Lucile Weight, Twentynine Palms, California. ican. "Air Conditioning th* Horns." 3. The known bondholders, mortgagees, and other security holders owning or holding 1 • • • percent or more of total amount of bonds, Name. mortgages, or other securities are: Bank of Record Turkey Harvest . . . Street- America, Indio. California. 4. Paragraphs 2 and 3 include, in cases where SALT LAKE CITY—As proces- Town— -Zone. State the stockholder or security holder appears upon the books of the company as trustee or in any sing began in mid-August, it appeared other fiduciary relation, the name of the per- that 1952 would be a record year for son or corporation for whom such trustee is acting; also the statements in the two para- Utah turkey growers. The U. S. De- TRI-CITY CLIMATE graphs show the affiant's full knowledge and belief as to tile circumstances and conditions partment of Agriculture estimated under which stockholders and security holders that more than two million birds would CONTROL COMPANY who do not appear upon the books of the company as trustees, hold stock and securities be processed this year. Last year the :552(i Chicago Ave., Riverside, Calif. in a capacity other than that of a bona fide Phone 7184 owner. state ranked seventh in the nation in RANDALL HENDERSON, Editor turkey production. 90 percent of the 83-280 Avenue 46 — Indio, Calif. Sworn to and subscribed before me this 20th Phone 7.1966 day of August, 1952. crop being shipped to eastern and LOIS E. ROY (My commission expires May 17. 1954.) central markets.—Salt Lake Tribune.

34 DESERT MAGAZINE VALLEY SOCIETY NAMES MORE WORKING EXHIBITS ALLEN OCTOBER SHOW COMMITTEES PLANNED AT LAPIDARY SHOW JUNIOR GEM CUTTER Committee chairmen were appointed in Southern California Lapidary Association August by the San Fernando Valley Mineral will hold its 1953 gem and lapidary show A Complete Lapidary Shop and Gem Society in preparation for the at the Long Beach Auditorium August 14 annual show October 25 and 26 at the through 16 of next year. The show will Only $43.50 Victory-Van Owen Playground, 12240 Arch- emphasize developments in technique and • Ideal for apartment house dwellers. wood, North Hollywood, California. Har- craftsmanship in the lapidary field and will • Polish rocks into beautiful gems. vey Chapman is show coordinator; Howard include some of the foremost collections of • Anyone can learn. Trevelyan, relief coordinator; Laura Tuteur, stones and workmanship. • Instructions included. exhibitor registrar; Henry Hasbach, treas- • • • Write for Catalog, 25c urer; Elinor Waller, printing; Mrs. George ROADS TO HOUSTON. TEXAS McPheeters, prize ticket sales; George Mc- ALLEN LAPIDARY EQUIPMENT Pheeters, prizes; Albert Widick, dealer con- ABOUND IN COLLECTING SITES COMPANY — Dept. D tact; Mrs. L. A. Scheidt, decorations; Larry "From east or west, the rockhound vis- itor to Houston, Texas, passes through rich 3632 W. Slauson Ave.. Los Angeles 43. Cal. Higley, case layout and general assembly; Phone Axminster 2-6206 L. A. Scheidt, case setup and disassembly; mineral-collecting areas," Hugh Leiper Grace Johnson, publicity; Mr. and Mrs. W. pointed out to board members of the Rocky H. Hobbs, refreshments; Evelyn Nelson, Mountain Federation of Mineral Societies signs; Mr. and Mrs. McClure, grab bags; in promoting the Texas city as the federa- Margaret Hasbach, information; Ruth Chap- tion's 1953 convention site. Houston's bid Agate Jewelry man, registration; M. G. Sandaker, guard; was accepted, and the show will be held in William Taylor, electrician; and E. G. Lil- May in the city coliseum. The coliseum, Wholesale leberg, stage display. near downtown Houston, offers 84,000 In addition to gem and mineral displays square feet of display space, modern fa- Rings — Pendants — Tie Chains —all of which will be the work of the ex- cilities and ample parking area. Brooches — Ear Rings hibitor—the show will feature other hob- Enroute to Houston, the rock collector Bracelets — Matched Sets bies of members: Indian artifacts, ceramics, can visit the Big Bend, Alpine and Marfa —Send stamp for price list No. 1— hooked rugs, paintings and other collections agate and mineral regions which have pro- or handiwork. duced some of the country's most beautiful Blank Mountings plume, bouquet and pom-pom agate. He can visit the Central Mineral Region near Rings — Ear Wires—Tie Chains OCTOBER 4, 5 DATE*S Cuff Links — Neck Chains FOR ANNUAL COMPTON SHOW Llano and Mason, Texas, where semi-pre- cious gem topaz is found. Near Smithville Bezel — devices — Shanks Amateur gem cutters and mineral col- and Moulton in the Catahoula formation is Solder — Findings lectors from throughout the Southwest are a region of palm wood and other agatized —Send stamp for price list No. 2— invited to attend the third annual show of and opalized woods. Eastern visitors will Compton Gem and Mineral Club. Dates find it interesting to stop at Murfreesboro, O. R. JUNKINS & SON are October 4 and 5, and exhibits will be Arkansas, where the only actual diamond 440 N.W. Beach St. arranged in the Veterans of Foreign Wars pipe of kimberlite on the North American Newport, Oregon Hall in Compton, California. continent is located; and at Mt. Ida, Ar- ORANGE BELT MINERAL kansas, where fine crystals and clusters have been found. Magnet Cove, famous to SHOW DUE OCTOBER 25. 26 museums all over the world for the abun- CASH PAID Drawing exhibit material exclusively from dance of its many rare minerals, is ten its own membership, Orange Belt Minera- miles from Mt. Ida. for top grade cutting and logical Society will hold its sixth annual Mineral, chemical, oil and mining enter- faceting material show October 25 and 26. in the industrial Wholesale prises in the Houston area will be invited Send samples and prices building on the National Orange Show to prepare exhibits for the show, conven- grounds, San Bernardino, California. Last tion officers have announced. W. V. Vietti H. A. IVERS year nearly 6000 visitors viewed the soci- 1400 Hacienda Blvd. — La Habra, Calif. ety's gem and mineral displays. of Houston is new Rocky Mountain presi- dent. COAST SOCIETY:S SHOW SLATED OCTOBER 25. 26 Santa Cruz Mineral and Gem Society will /4%e hold its second annual show October 25 and 26 at the Arts League building in ouue See* Santa Cruz, California. A fluorescent dis- If play is planned as one feature, and dealers Petrified Wood, Moss Agate, Chrysocolla have been invited to display gem and min- eral specimens and lapidary equipment. Turquoise, Jade and Jasper Jewelry EDITOR SUGGESTS CHARGE HAND MADE IN STERLING SILVER PUBLIC, NOT EXHIBITORS Bracelets, Rings, Necklaces, Earrings An editorial in the August issue of the Sooner Rockologist suggests gem and min- and Brooches eral societies admit all exhibitors and deal- SPECIALLY SELECTED STONES WITH ers without charge to their shows and oper- CHOICE COLORS AND PICTURES ate instead by charging a nominal admission fee for the general public. "Keep the price Write for Folder With Prices low enough so the whole family can come," advises the editor. Good shows depend upon exhibitors who bring their private col- ELLIOTT'S GEfll SHOP lections and dealers who show the latest 235 East Seaside Blvd. LONG BEACH 2. CALIF. machinery and equipment and offer speci- Across from West End of Municipal mens for sale. "It is hardly fair to charge Auditorium Grounds them an entrance fee for contributing to Hours 10 A. M. to 9 P. M. Daily Except Monday the show's success," argues the Rockologist.

OCTOBER, 1952 35 AMONG THE ADVERTISING RATE GEfll (IIART 8c a Word . . . Minimum $1.00 ROCK HUNTERS

20 ASSORTED COLORFUL 2x3 cabinet 105 DIFFERF.NT Mineral Specimens $4.50. Harold Butcher, president of the Yavapai specimens. Good for a beginner or to Carefully selected. Makes a valuable aid Gem and Mineral Society for 1948-49, was add to your present collection. This in helping identify and classify your find- re-elected to that post at an election meet- beautiful selection only $8.00 postpaid. ings or makes a wonderful gift. Boxed ing in Prescott, Arizona. Anton Baurmann L. M. Jones. Box 56, Bell Gardens. and labeled. 70 different $3.00, 35 dif- is new vice-president, and Mrs. H. G. Por- California. ferent $ 1.50. Add postage. Coast Gems ter will serve as secretary-treasurer. and Minerals, 11669 Ferris Road. El • • • MINERAL SPECIMENS and cutting ma- Monte, California. Each month, some member of Delvers terial of all kinds. Gold and Silver jew- Gem and Mineral Society, Downey, Cali- elry made to order. Your stones or ours. DOWSERS—Water. Oil, Mineral Locaters, fornia, displays his mineral collection or 5 lbs. good cutting material $4.00 or Radicsthesists. if interested in helping lapidary work at the Downey Public Li- $1.00 per 1b. J. L. James, Battle Moun- establish quarterly magazine devoted to brary. Exhibitor for August was Dick tain, Nevada. your art, send name, address, ideas to Felsch, who showed pieces from his collec- Gaston Burridge. 10406 S. Downey Ave.. tion of shells, fossils, crystals, copper min- CABOCHONS: genuine imported Agates, Downey, California. erals, petrified wood and cabochons. Carnelians, Rose Quartz, Lapis Lazuli. • • • Tiger Eye, etc., beautifully cut and pol- ATTENTION ROCK COLLECTORS. It His mineral collecting forays into the ished. Oval stones in sizes from 10 mm. will pay you to visit the Ken-Dor Rock war-torn orient were described by Clayton to 16 mm. 25c each. Minimum order Roost. We buy, sell, or exchange min- Gibson at a recent meeting of the Tucson $1.00. Pacific Gem Cutters, 424 So. eral specimens. Visitors are always wel- Gem and Mineral Society. Among speci- Broadway, Los Angeles, California. come. Ken-Dor Rock Roost, 419 Sut- mens he displayed were two exceptionally ter, Modesto, California. fine pieces of rutile in quartz and some McSHAN'S GEM SHOP—open part time, stibnite crystals from Japan. or find us by directions on door. Cholla MINERAL SETS: 24 Colorful Minerals • • • Cactus Wood a specialty, write for prices. (identified) in 1x1 compartments, $3.25 Four members of Dona Ana County 1 mile west on U. S. 66. Needles, Cali- postpaid. Prospector's set—50 minerals Rockhound Club, Las Cruces, New Mex- fornia, Box 22. (identified) in 1x1 compartments in cloth ico, formed a panel to discuss garnets at reinforced, sturdy cartons, $5.50 postpaid. BRAZILIAN AGATE MARBLES $1.00 the club's August meeting. Topics were: Elliott Gem Shop, 235 East Seaside Blvd. "Description and Varieties," Dorothy Smith: each. Onyx blanks, unpolished, black Long Beach 2, California. 25c each, red, green, blue, 35c each. "Formations in Which Garnets are Found Perfect cut Titanium. Fine cutting and and Known Locations," A. E. Archer; PEANUT PITCHSTONE (Alamasite) — "Method of Deposition," Mrs. Eva Hender- polishing at reasonable prices. Prompt Mexico's oddest semi-precious stone, for attention to mail orders. Juchem Bros.. son; and "Commercial Values and Possible polishing or collecting, 3-lb. chunk $5 Markets," Mrs. Vera Archer. 315 West 5th St., Los Angeles 13, Cali- postpaid. Or, Rockhound special, 1-lb. a • • fornia. fragments $1. Also Flor de Amapa Everyone found prizes on a unique "field (pink crystallized edidote) rare. Same trip" of Humboldt Gem and Mineral So- FIRE OPAL from Virgin Valley. Nevada. prices. Alberto E. Maas, Alamos So- ciety, Eureka. California. Members chose specimens 50c postpaid. Frey Minerals, nora. Mexico. Send checks only. specimens from the collection of Mr. and Box 1, Eureka, Nevada. Mrs. Charles Jack, who were forced to give ROCKHOUNDS, ARCHEOLOGISTS and up the hobby by Mr. Jack's ill health. NEW YORK GARNETS: Fine solid gem collectors of Indian relics are discover- "• • • material, 3 to 5 gm. pieces 25c gm. post- ing that Southern Utah is a rewarding Semi-precious stones, often of unusual paid, 20% Fed. tax extra. Send for free section to visit. Write for free folder. quality, are to be found in nearly all paits list of cut stones and mineral specimens. Ranch Lodge Motel. Kanab, Utah. of the state of Idaho, reports Pebbles, bul- Arizona Silver Belt Gems and Minerals, letin of the Everett Rock and (Jem Club of Box 1826, Globe, Arizona. STOP—LOOK—BUY—Specimens, slabs- Everett, Washington. Agate, jasper and rough, from A. L. Jarvis, 1051 Salinas opal as well as agatized and opalized woods SPECIMEN OF TOURMALINE XLS in Road, Watsonville, California. On Sa- are in the lava flows of the southern part; matrix of Lepedalite and Feldspar. Sizes linas Highway, State No. 1. 3 miles South sapphires, rubies and garnets are found in $1.00, $2.00, $5.00. Ask for list of other of Watsonville. central and western sections and gem-qual- fine specimens just in. Jack The Rock- ity opal lies in the Columbia lavas of the hound, P.O. Box 86, Carbondale, Colo. FOR SALE: Beautiful purple Petrified north. Wood with Uranium. Pyrolusite, Man- • • • NEW JERSEY FLUORESCENT material ganite. Nice sample $1.00. Postage. Maggie Baker, Wenden, Arizona. July meeting of the El Paso Gem and for sale. Also Western Agate, Jasper, Mineral Society. El Paso. Texas, was held Petrified Woods, Opalitc and others, in BERYL CRYSTALS. Columbite, Tantalite. in the gardens of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Un- chunks or slabbed. Write for prices. Purpurite. Andalusite Crystals, Rose sell. Following picnic supper, Captain Reasonable. C. F. Thornton Box 466, Quartz, Hell's Canyon Agates. Mac- Bruce Smith showed colored pictures he Landing, New Jersey. Mich Minerals Co., Custer, So. Dakota. had taken while stationed with the army in Alaska. BEAUTIFUL CUTTING Fire Opal: We "DON'T MISS" Fine rough gems. Minerals. • • • import this Opal direct from the mines. Silver and Lapidary supplies at Superior Members of Southwest Mineralogists, We carry a large stock at all times. We Gems & Minerals. 4665 Park Blvd. San Los Angeles, had so much fun panning for have Opal for the beginner and the Diego 16. California. (Sorry, no lists.) gold on a recent field trip outing that they expert cutter. H. A. Ivers, 1400 Haci- staged a repeat performance. Both trips enda Blvd., La Habra Heights (Highway RADIOACTIVE ORE Collection: 6 won- were held at Williams Flat on the east fork 39) La Habra, California, Telephone OX derful different specimens in neat Red- 71-248. of the San Gabriel River. wood chest, $2.00. Pretty Gold nugget, • • • FIRE AGATES: Good grinding material, S1.00, four nuggets, $2.00, choice col- Al Stoltz of Pasadena Lapidary Soeiely 5-lb. chunk $5.75 postpaid. Assorted lection 12 nuggets, $5.00. Uranium mapped a Labor Day field trip to Willow mixture 5 lbs. $4.00 postpaid. Arlene Prospectors, Box 604, Stockton, Calif. Creek, California. He promised good hunt- Dimick. Box 1795, Clifton. Arizona. ing for agate and jade. FIFTY MINERAL Specimens, %-in. or • • • over, boxed, identified, described, mounted. A jasper location along the Pacific coast PANCHO THE ROCKHOUND Postpaid $4.00. Old Prospector, Box 729 between Hermosa and Redondo Beach, says, "Write for our list of Lodi, California. California, was the August field trip des- Gems, Minerals, and Cutting .Materials. Also books on lapi- tination of Delvers Gem and Mineral So- dary and equipment." AUSTRALIAN OPAL CABS: $5.00 and ciety, Downey, California. $10.00 each. Small but beautiful, every • • • LAS PALMAS ANTIQUE SHOP stone a gem. A beautiful cultured pearl Pete Kloehn cooked barbecued beef for 818 Ft. Stockton Dr. for your collection $5.00. Ace Lapidary. the annual summer picnic of Long Beach San Diego 3. California Box 67D, Jamaica, New York. Mineral and Gem Society. Games and dancing followed supper. 3G DESERT MAGAZINE NATIONAL DEFENSE AND W. Scott Lewis projected a series of THE MINERAL INDUSTRY slides for members of Hollywood Lapidary Society, explaining how gem minerals were Coast Gems and Minerals A report on the mineral industry of Cali- cut and used by modern man for orna- fornia, its status and relation to national mental purposes. Of special interest was a defense in 1950-51 is included in the Janu- slide showing jadeite crystals, the only spe- FACETING MATERIAL ary issue of the California Journal of Mines cimen ever found. That the crystals are Almandite Garnet, Mex per gram $ .60 and Geology, published by the State Divi- true jadeite has been confirmed by George Pink Topaz, Mex per gram .50 sion of Mines. Golden Topaz, Mex per gram 1.00 S. Switzer of the Smithsonian Institution. White Topaz, Mex per gram .25 The mineral report, prepared under the Citrine, Brazil (good color), per gram .15 direction of L. A. Norman, Jr., supervising • • • Apatite Xls., Mex per gram .25 A film on the conservation of forests Green & Blue Tourmaline, Brazil, per gm. .35 mining geologist, includes complete data on Peridot, Arizona per gram .25 mineral fuels, nonmetallic industrial min- and wildlife was shown by Larry Griffith, Kunzite, Pala, Calif per gram 1.00 erals, and metals. Frank Murray and John Murray at a meet- Sunstone, Idaho per gram .20 ing of Southwest Mineralogists, Los An- Bytownite, Penna per gram .25 Also included in this journal, first number Amethyst, Mex per gram .25 of Volume 48. is a detailed analysis of geles. Amethyst, Four Peaks, Top grade mines and mineral resources of Glenn • • • Per gram - - 1.00 Dru Benefiel brought her electric kiln to Amethyst, Four Peaks, 2nd grade County, California. A map enclosure shows Per gram .50 all locations. "Mineral Needs and Prob- a meeting of Compton Gem and Mineral Honey & Cherry Opal (clear) per gram .10 lems of the Lead-Acid Storage Battery In- Club to demonstrate techniques of enamel- Titania (Newest White) per carat 1.00 dustry in California" by Dudley Haskell, ing on metal. She displayed examples of Hematite Preforms Each .30 her enamel handiwork. CABOCHON MATERIAL research chemist, is published with maps, Garnet, Mex per gram .25 charts and halftone illustrations. • • • Citrine Qtz., Rio Grande per gram .05 The California Division of Mines, Ferry On a spring field trip to Newaukum and Citrine Qtz., Brazil (some faceting) Per gram 10 Building, San Francisco, distributes the Salmon Creek in Washington, Everett Gem Aquamarine, Brazil per gram .05 journal. and Mineral Club members found some Blue Topaz, Brazil per gram .05 • • • agate, coprolites and vivianite. Amethyst, Mex per gram .05 Amethyst, Mex. (Cloudy) per gram .02 An average run-of-the-mill diamond is • • • Turquoise, Miami, Ariz. (Large pieces, approximately 25,000,000 years old and Marcus Whitman Gem and Mineral So- top blue color, very hard), per gram .08 Turquoise, Nevada (Nugget form)per gm. .04 about 2000 cubic feet of blue ground had ciety of Walla Walla, Washington, made a Fire Opal in Matrix, Mex per piece .25 to be mined to find it. About 320,000 cubic field trip to the Opal Butte district near Clear Opal in Matrix, Mex. .per piece .15 feet of blue ground had to be mined to Heppner, Oregon. A bed of thunder eggs Clear Opal, no Matrix per gram .05 Sunstone, Idaho per gram .10 produce a colorless, flawless diamond of is located at the top of the heavily timbered Bytownite, Penna per gram .10 one carat. Diamonds occur in almost all butte which rises to 4800 feet of elevation. Apatite, Mex per gram .10 colors and some are colorless. All but the The eggs lie in a layer of loose soil and Golden Tigereye per Inch .25 Blue Tigereye per inch .30 brown and pale yellow are called fancies gravel almost two feet thick, and society Belgian Congo Malachite per inch .60 and bring a better price. The country that members reported it was hard work uncov- Baroque Nugget Gems (polished)..3 for 1.00 does not have the largest stockpile of dia- ering specimens. Prize find of the day was (A gram equals 5 carats, 28.35 grams per oz.) monds for industrial use, may well be the a transparent blue hyalite opal nodule the CHUNK MATERIAL country that will lose the next war. There size of a large egg. The largest thunderegg All types (Minimum order) 8 lbs. $2.00 is no substitute for the diamond, nature's found weighed 118 pounds and measured Satisfaction Guaranteed Or Money Refunded hardest material.—Rock Hounds Call. approximately 15 inches in diameter. SEND FOR CIRCULAR TODAY • • • • • • Please add postage to all orders A. L. Jarvis of Watsonville, California, Paso Robles Mineral Club was invited Add 20% Fed. tax—3% Sales Tax in Calif. discussed his mineral collection at a meet- to prepare a gem and mineral exhibit for 11669 Ferris Road El Monte, California ing of Fresno Gem and Mineral Society. the San Luis Obispo County 16th District The talk followed potluck supper at Roed- Agricultural Fair August 21 through 24 in ing Park in Fresno. • • • Paso Robles, California. Among the dis- In a light rain, members of the Earth plays planned were Monterey jade carvings, Science Club of Northern Illinois looked Nipomo sagenite and plume marcasite, Stone LOW PRICE for agate near Bellevue, Iowa. After col- Canyon jasper and rare biconoids from the ONLY Templeton area. COMPLETE lecting good specimens, several went on to Find a fortune in uranium with this explore Maquoketa and Crystal Lake caves. • • • new, super-sensitive Geiger Counter. Junior members of Colorado Mineral So- Get one for atom bomb defense. So small it fits in the palm of • • • the hand or in the hip pocket, and yet more sensitive than many A new competitive project was launched ciety visited the Bureau of Mines mineral large, expensive instruments. Weighs only 1 \'\ lbs. Uses flash- by the San Jose Lapidary Society at its exhibits at Colorado State Museum in Den- light battery. Low price includes earphone, radio active sample, September meeting. Each member was ver. instructions. Sold with ironclad money back Ruarancec. asked to bring his prize specimen of Mon- • • • ORDER YOURS TODAY—Send $5.00 with order Rock-hunting locations in Colorado and or payment in full to save C.O.D. Write for tana agate for judging. Succeeding months free catalog on larger, more elaborate Geiger will feature other gems. Grade points cover Nebraska were discussed by Mr. and Mrs. Counters, metal locaters and our Scintillator showing, 10; shape, polish, composition and Walter Peck at a summer meeting of the Counter. Western Nebraska Mineral Society. The quality, 5 each. DEALER INQUIRIES PRECISION RADIATION INSTRUMENTS Pecks showed maps and pictures from mag- • • • INVITED 223S D S. LA UREA, LOS ANGELES 16, CAL. Beautiful orange-red jasper was found azine articles. along the beach at Willow Creek. Califor- nia, by the San Fernando Valley Mineral and Gem Society. Members chipped iron BLACK LIGHT KITS pyrite pieces from the cliffs and good speci- 110 VOLT LONG WAVE mens of jade, serpentine, and actinolite also were collected. FOR ULTRA-VIOLET FLUORESCENCE NOW . . . you can build your own black light equip- ment at a new low cost with these easy-to-assemble JASPER JUNCTION LAPIDARY components. Geologists, mineral prospectors and hob- 490SH4 Eagle Rock Blvd. — CL. 6-2021 byists can easily make laboratory black lights for .LOB Angeles 41, California mineral identification. Signs, posters, pictures, fabrics, house numbers'™. . anything WORK SHOP painted with fluorescent paint glows with eye-appealing fluorescence under black light. 1112 Neola St. — CL. 6-7197 Kit contains: Ultra-Violet tube, brackets, ballast, starter, wire, plug and wiring diagram. Los Angeles 41, California 4 WaM Kit-(5'/4" tube) _ $3.00 WE SPECIALIZE IN CUTTING BOOKENDS Custom sawing and polishing—24" saw 8 Watt Kit—(12" tube) __.. ..$4.00 Slabs, bulk stone, Mineral Specimens Polished Specimens & Cabochons Enclose full amount with order Machinery & Supplies Equipment shipped postpaid We rent polishing machinery by the hoar INSTRUCTION AT NO EXTRA COST C & H SALES COMPANY Call CL. 6-7197 for Appointment 2176 EAST COLORADO STREET PASADENA, CALIFORNIA

OCTOBER, 1952 37 DIAMOND BLADES " Treat yourself lo the best."

Suptr- Chiriid $ 8.60 $ 7.60 10.95 9.95 14.50 13.35 21.20 17.65 27.95 24.45 31.20 27.70 62.50 41.25 34.40 74.2") 19.50 37.95 88.80 62.60 48.95 142.50 119.75 State 215.30 179.10 Arbor (;ix in California. Size Allow for Postajce and Insurance Covington Ball Bearing Grinder ;iinl shields ill1*1 IU rn islicd in 4 sizes and price r ;i ngcs to suit y o u r r e furnish every- thing you need. Send for free catalog.

COVINGTON Claude A. Conlin, Jr., captain of photography and publicity in the Los Angeles Fire Multi-Feature Department, and Charles Crosby, a fellow rockhound, covered 2006 miles of Southwest lfi" Lap Unit r i Does mineral country on a 14-day vacation trip last fall. This is the second in a series of throe everything stories describing the roads Conlin and Crosby traveled, the places they visited, the for you. mineral specimens and gem material they found. By CLAUDE A. CONLIN, JR. COVINGTON Photograph by the Author 12" 14" A or 16" W Power Feed WALLACE, our friend from Knowing a collector's love for ferreting Diamond Kennecott, had assured Crosby and out his own material. Griffith suggested we Saws me we would obtain excellent speci- spend the next day working over the glory mens of wulfenite and vanadinite crystals hole above the mine. This pit had been SAVE from the Mammoth Mine at Tiger, Arizona. formed when old workings caved in. 11 is BLADES He told us to see George Griffith, who fills at least 200 feet deep, and the steep loose a unique position at the Mammoth. For sides should be watched carefully for rock Send for New Catalog, IT'S FREE $12.50 a day, Griffith removes all crystal slides. Moving cautiously, we gathered wul- and mineral specimens exclusive of the com- fenite and vanadinite crystals. COVINGTON LAPIDARY SUPPLY mercial ores of lead and silver. Rules pre- At day's end we again visited Griffith to Redlands, California vent the removal of this material by miners, display our finds. He seemed particularly but occasionally excellent specimens find impressed with one specimen which he their way out in lunch boxes. identified as an unusually good piece of Griffith sells the specimens he removes pyromorphite, the first he had seen from for the company and receives a flat 10 per- the Mammoth workings. Griffith said 56 cent commission. The company finds it different crystalline specimens had been FIRE OPAL more profitable to pay Griffith for this found and catalogued since he came to the particular job than to suffer the loss of mine. MEXICO tonnage resulting when miners use the com- George Griffith directed us to Cal Gris- pany's time digging out unusual specimens. som, current lessee of the "79" Mine, four 10 Small pieces average Yi" $1.00 Griffith's collection is extensive, and any- 3 miles west of Winkleman. An excellent 4 Larger pieces average A" to 1" ... 1.00 thing he has may be purchased or traded. grade of smithsonite had been coming from 6 Nice pieces cherry & honey opal... 1.00 Or almost anything, as Crosby discovered this mine, so we looked up Grissom and 1 Vial clear fire opal 3.00 when he tried unsuccessfully to trade for a introduced ourselves. The old timer, boist- 1 Nice matrix specimen 1.00 fine specimen of gem quality smithsonite. erously cordial, shook hands, bellowed, Griffith explained it had come from the "You're as welcome as the flowers in May, $7.00 oxide zone above the 600 foot level, and my boys, welcome as the flowers in May," Entire Lot Postpaid for $5.00 since the mine was currently being worked and happily gave us permission to visit the at 800 feet there seemed little chance that mine. EXCHANGE: Agate or other cutting the piece could be duplicated. At the "79" we were greeted by Fred material, rough or polished, for good Beam, one of the two men employed by postage stamps. MI METITE Grissom. Beam is an amazing character. Satisfaction Guaranteed From Famous Ruby Hill mine, Nevada What he hasn't learned about practical min- ing in his fifty-odd years could safely be RALPH E. MUELLER & SON 1 inch 25c — 2 inch $1.00 postpaid forgotten. Lunch with him was an experi- 1000 E. Camelback Road BRIIJLIANT CRYSTAL GROUPS ence to be remembered. Phoenix, Arizona FREY MINERALS Both food and coffee were cooked and Box 1 Nevada served in cans; fingers and pocket knives Eureka, served as utensils. But inconveniences were

DESERT MAGAZINE overlooked in the rapid flow of Beam's The south entrance proved more fruitful. Los Angeles Lapidary Society was in- conversation. He seemed determined to There was less head room, and the grade vited to display members' work at the Los relate every paragraph of his personal his- was steeper; but it was bone dry. We Angeles County Fair, held in Pomona, tory. We found it difficult to interrupt but wended our way through narrow passage- California, September 12 through 28. finally, explaining our impatience to see the ways marking our line of travel with char- • • • mine, we managed an exit. Beam started coal on the limestone walls. The same tiny An overnight field trip was planned by to follow us but fortunately Grissom arrived gypsum crystals were abundant here also, Northern California Mineral Society to just then, and Beam returned to work. but in addition we discovered broad veins visit the petrified wood area near Nevada One of the most interesting things about of clear golden gypsum crystals. City. Members were to leave San Francisco the "79" property was the abundance of As well as we could determine by pacing August 2 and camp near the collecting site. iron pyrite crystals. The workings were the distance, we had traveled a quarter of • • • covered with specimens varying in size from a mile from the south entrance. The end John Hutchings spoke to the San Diego one-quarter to one inch—a curse to the was not in sight, but since the air was Lapidary Society on "Minerals and Re- miners but a windfall to rock collectors. becoming oppressive we decided not to sources of Korea," illustrating his talk with That night we heard about the beautiful explore further. The caverns are a maze colored slides. He pictured Korea as a gypsum crystals at Crystal Cave. Direc- of endless side passageways where a care- modern country, with well-built stone and tions were detailed, but at least five local less or imprudent person could easily lose frame buildings, up-to-date factories and residents told us we couldn't possibly drive himself. a system of hydroelectric power plants. to the site in our DeSoto. The sun was sinking when we returned • a> • Nevertheless, at 9 o'clock the next morn- to the surface. We checked our watches. Members of San Diego Lapidary Society ing we headed out of Winkleman on the We had been underground five hours! planned to spend Labor Day week-end Tucson Highway. After 8.8 miles we turned (In next month's Desert, Conlin and searching for agate and petrified palm in sharply to the left, driving up a sandy wash Crosby conclude their rockhunting ad- Horse Canyon, California. 100 yards to an abandoned prospect hole. venture with visits to a gold mine in o • • The small head frame is still visible, al- the final Mountains, to Globe, Ari- There are at present eight synthetic gem though collapsed. zona, the petrified wood fields near factories in the world: five in Switzerland, A glance at the road ahead made us St. John and the Valley of Fire in one each in the United States, France and decide to abandon our utility trailer. For Nevada.) Germany. Total production is 400 tons a the next 300 yards the bed of loose angular • • • year. A new factory, jointly owned by rocks climbed sharply to a low ridge. From C. A. Morrison gave the first of two Indian and Swiss capital, is scheduled to here to the end, 2.1 miles farther, the road talks on synthetic gems at the July meeting go into production in July, 1953, in Madras, is rough but solid and can be negotiated of the Gem and Mineral Society of San India. It will have a production of 12 to by any car providing the owner remains 16 tons per year. calm enough to steer while the catsclaw Mateo County. Ruby colored and pink • • • sapphires have recently been produced, re- Rita Matson will lead Santa Barbara etches patterns in his paint job. ported Morrison, and the golden, green and The road ends in a clearing centered by Mineralogical Society through this year's three shades of blue—all found in nature activities. Elected to serve with President a stone monument three feet high. Looking —are now being made. A garnet-colored northeast and down into the valley 100 Matson are Ralph Colcord, vice-president; sapphire, which does not exist naturally, is Mrs. Myra Cortiss, secretary, and Mrs. yards away, a deep depression can be seen. another development. The speaker traced Jt marks the two entrances to Crystal Cave. Mildred Orr, treasurer. Picking up our canteens, Coleman lights the development and uses of synthetic • • • and rock hammers, we headed down a dim spinel, sapphires and rubies. He will return Glendale Lapidary and Gem Society has trail to the depression. We were skeptical. later to discuss titania. a new meeting place. Members gather the All caves we had ever visited lay in hills, • • • fourth Monday of each month at 400 North never under the floor of a valley. But in a Hazel Scherzinger led a discussion of Central Avenue, Glendale, California. At matter of moments we understood. This "The Electron Theory and its Application the August meeting, the best field trip and once had been an underground river and to Minerals" at a study session of the Orange vacation slides taken during the year were probably still carried water in seasons of Belt Mineralogical Society. shown. heavy rain. A weak spot in the valley floor —about 100 feet in diameter—had dropped 30 feet to reveal the two entrances. We chose the north entrance first, de- MINERALIGHT scending sharply down the loose gravel to SL 2537 Sttc6e it the solid limestone cavern floor below. Av- erage height of the cavern was seven feet, FIND STRATEGIC MINERALS, HIDDEN WEALTH although in places it rose to 15 feet, in WITH ULTRA-VIOLET others diminished to a mere 18 inches. The width, exclusive of side chambers, aver- aged 30 feet. Walls glistened like diamonds All purpose ites on with tiny crystals of gypsum. No stalac- 110V AC, weigh $39.50 MINERALIGHT! tites or stalagmites were in evidence. MINERALIGHT instantly locates, identifies vital minerals, saves hours of fruitless search. Approximately 300 feet from the entrance FIELD CASE Invaluable for prospectors, miners, engineers and our path was blocked by water, and since NO. 404 hobbyists, MINERALIGHT helps you find tungsten, there was no boat waiting for us, we back- uranium, mercury, zirconium—many other minerals tracked. An Indian gas station attendant Contains now being sought for use in vital preparedness work. in Winkleman later told us that two men special battery had taken a rubber boat into the cave the circuit for LEARN TO RECOGNIZE VALUABLE MINERALS! MINERALIGHT year before and reported they had gone SL 2537. Mineral sets, packaged in varied assortments, help you. Ultra- back a distance of three miles before com- Case holds violet MINERALIGHT rays show them in all their exciting colors. ing to a dead end. lamp, t batteries, Only $2.50 per set of 10 specimens, cofefully packaged in built-in daylight vie foam plastic. (Plus Bats. $4.50) Special MINERALIGHT models for crime detec- NEW CATALOGS AVAILABLE Complete: SL 2537, tion, entertainment, mineralogy and mining, and If you want Choice Cutting Material, Fine & BATS. $63.50 Rare Materials, Geiger Counters, Miner- laboratory research. Bulletins available describing alights, Books, Trim Saws, Fluorescents, ultra-violet MINERALIGHT use in many fields and Ores, Gems, Ring Mounts, or advice, write to ... telling you how you can make extra money, enjoy an exciting hobby at the same time. See Your MINERALS UNLIMITED Mineralight Dealer or Write Dept. .L 2-21 1724 University Ave., Berkeley 3, California Completely self-contained, ALTA INDUSTRIES battery operated, ULTRA-VIOLET PRODUCTS, Inc. New Address: weighs only 3^i lbs. Box 19, Laveen Stage, Phoenix, Arizona $34.50 plus battery (80C) 145 Pasadena Avenue, South Pasadena, Calif. New Location: Sonth 19th Are., M Mile North of Base Line LAPIDARY EQUIPMENT EXTRA SPECIAL: Trinitite—the new mineral fused by the first atomic bomb blast at Lapidary Equipment Manufacture & Design Alamogordo, New Mexico. Mounted in foam plastic and beautifully packaged. Still slightly 16-18 inch Power Feed Slabbing Saw Belt Sanders & Trim Saws radioactive but guaranteed harmless. Terrific collector's item at 25c. See your dealer. (Send Postal for free literature) Ultra-Violet Products, Inc., South Pasadena, California

OCTOBER, 1952 39 ST. LOUIS CHOSEN SITE WASHINGTON SOCIETY HAS UNDYED TURQUOISE FOR 1953 MIDWEST MEETING ACTIVE EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM Persian Nuggets, waterworn shapes, mine The St. Louis Mineral and Gem Society. Three Rivers Mineralogy Society of run, a large range of blues, approximately 215 nuggets per ounce, $2.00 per ounce. St. Louis, Missouri, will be host for the Richland, Washington, has taken on a Lost Mountain nuggets, waterworn shapes, 1953 convention of the Midwest Federa- number of projects directed toward instruct- bright cold blue, some with white matrix, tion of Mineralogical Societies. Approxi- ing school children in rock and mineral SI.00 per ounce. Nevada, delicate blue, some beautifully mately 3000 people visited this year's show collecting and identification. The club sup- spider webbed SI .00 per ounce. to see mineral, geological and lapidary plies speakers for science class sessions and Lost Mountain, vein material $1.00 per oz. displays brought by exhibitors from through- furnishes schools in the Richland area with Bleeping Beauty, large vein pieces, a warm blue $1.00 per ounce. out the midwest. boxes of specimens useful in classroom dis- All above materials arc chemically impreg- • • • cussions. Most of the specimens are com- nated to improve hnrdness. H. Paul Douglas, director of the Pacific mon to Ihe Northwest and are the types of Special Offer: 2 ounces of each of the above sent postpaid for $5.00—a $12.00 value. Museum, has announced acquisition of the rocks often brought to class by pupils. Satisfact ion guaranteed entire collection of Mr. and Mrs. E. L. Ur Members also prepared a booklet explain- of Shell Beach, California. The stock in- ing the collection, so that Ihe teacher might LOST MOUNTAIN GEMS cludes the Urs' famous collection of more discuss them even though she were not a 122 \V. AVashington St. — Phoenix, Arizona than a ton of rhodonite as well as much rockhound herself. fine agate, agatized wood, faceting material A traveling display case filled with fine and fossils. The museum is located in specimens loaned by society members is Shell Beach. displayed at public libraries and city halls • • • in the Three Rivers area. The exhibits are Newly-admitted to the California Federa- tion of Mineralogical Societies are La changed periodically and are interesting to Piedra Lapidary Club, Burlingame; Ama- adults and children alike. dor Gem and Mineral Society, Jackson; and Modoc Gem and Mineral Society, "Rocks, like people, have character, per- Alturas. sonality and individuality," Edward Lang • • • of Venice, California, told members of Santa Members of Minnesota Mineral Club Monica Gemological Society. The speaker packed picnic lunches for a field trip outing suggested unorthodox cutting and display- to Mazeppa, Minnesota. Druzy quartz, ing of minerals, treating each gemstone as agates and chert were found nearby in the a different and unique problem. dry washes of the Zumbrota area. Later, collectors viewed a collection of arrow- • • • heads and fossils in Kenyon, then contin- R. O. Deidrick, president of the California ued to Lake Pepin to search the washes for Federation of Mineralogical Societies, dis- more specimens. cussed copper replacement and the forma- • • • tion of copper minerals at a meeting of New officers of Castro Valley Mineral East Bay Mineral Society. Oakland. ( ali- and Gem Society are Von MacBride, presi- fornia. Deidrick demonstrated direct re- dent; Don Willis, vice-president; B. E. placement with a pail of copper sulphate Sledge, secretary, and P. B. Kyle, treas- solution in which he suspended a large nail. urer. The nail soon was coated with copper. This method of copper recovery was discovered FAMOUS TEXAS PLUMES accidentally by a miner who was in the HILLQUIST Red Plume, Pom Pom and many other types habit of throwing his empty food tins into of agate. Slabs on approval. Rough agate, a mine creek. Later he was surprised to 8 lb. mixture postpaid, $5.00. Price list on request. find they all had turned to copper. • Put the Hillquist Gemmaster beside any lapidary WOODWARD RANCH • • • machine — cheaper, flimsy "gadgets" or units that 17 miles So. on Hwy 118 Ft. Worth Mineral Club traveled to Lake sell at twice the price. Compare construction! Com- pare ease of operation! Compare how much you Box 453. Alpine. Texas Whitney Dam, 65 miles south of Ft. Worth get for your money and you'll say, "I'M take the and 15 miles west of Hillsboro, Texas, to Gemmaster!" gather fossils from a rudistid reef which outcrops near the dam on the Brazos River. Here is a worthy companion for our larger and more expensive Hillquist Compact Lapidary Unit. Specimens fluoresce and phosphoresce un- Tho smaller in size, the Hillquist Gemmaster has der short-wave ultra-violet light. many of the same features. It's all-metal with spun aluminum tub. You get a rugged, double-action rock clamp, not a puny little pebble pincher. You get a 9 Specializing in • full 3" babbitt sleeve bearing and ball thrust bear- ing. You get a big 7" Super Speed diamond saw BINOCULAR FINE FOREIGN GEMS and all the equipment you need to go right to work. See MV£S BUSHNEU/S 33 Mod#lt AND MINERALS USES ALL ACCESSORIES NEW FREE $1/1 95 Lapidary Equipment and Supplies You can use all the regular Hillquist accessories CATALOGI I*#UP Gem drills—Jewelry tools—Sterling with the Gemmaster: The Hillquist Facetor, Sphere Jewelry Mountings—Books—Mineralights; Cutters, Laps, Drum and Disc Sanders, etc. Guaranteed to giv« you me** ai »av» yow money on «very popular mode). SUPERIOR GEMS & MINERALS WRITE FOR FREE CATALOG Don't overpay! Compare BUSHNEU'S befor* buy Send for FREE CATALOG and 4665 Park Blvd., San Diego 16, Californ.a tWlUPLETE, READY TO USE! YOU GET ALL THIS- Open 10:30 A.M. to 8:00 P.M. Closed Sundays

I BIG 7" Diamond Saw • 6" x 1" Gi I Wheel • 6' Felt Buff • 6" Backing Wheel | 6" Disc Sander • Double-action Rock | Clamp • Oil Feed Cup • Water Feed | Hose & Clamp • Dop Sticks & Dop Wax p Polish, Compound, Etc. SEND FOR OUR BIGFREE TltCE CATALOGV«A*IAtLV/W BUILT FOR LONG SERVICE! The world-famous HILLQUIST LINE of lapidary equipment No other low-cost lap unit gives you full 3" sleeve bearing, ball thrust bearing LAPIDARY EQUIP. CO. »45 w. 4* ST., SEATTLE 7. WASH, and pressure lubrication.

/ ajL

DESERT MAGAZINE NEW LOW PRICES!

By LELANDE QUICK, Editor oi The Lapidary Journal

There is one good thing about any rock Now as for value, the beginning rock- show anywhere. It always turns up a new hound will do better by buying slabbed crop of wondering and wandering rock- material. No deal has ever been devised hounds. We know just about how success- that is better and fairer than being able to ful a show was by the number of inquiries buy selected slabs at so much a square inch we receive following it. Some shows are with the privilege of returning for refund ABOVE ILLUSTRATION SHOWS very educational and we get no inquiries. any slabs that are unsatisfactory. But that 1—Poly D-12 Arbor $19.95 Others show the rocks and gems and tell eliminates all the gamble; therefore most nothing about lapidary technique. Then we of the fun is lost. 2—Cast Splash Shields 15.00 really do get some dilly letters. There may be some who object to the 1—100 Grit Wheel. 8"xl>/2" 7.25 We withhold the name of the following use of the word gambling in our rockhound 1—220 Grit Wheel. 8"xiy2" 8.25 correspondent for obvious reasons. He hobby but what other word would you use? 1—Dresser Rest 2.25 Gambling is taking a chance and while the writes—"visited with some of your boys at 1—Jig Block Diamond Dresser 9.50 the So-and-So display case. Must have tar- word has a stigma, we have to recognize ried too long as about one week later rock that it is this gambling instinct that built 2—Galvanized Splash Pans 5.50 fever developed. Present symptoms run to America—the people who took a chance agate slabs. First I want to ask a few ques- on coming here at all—who later took a $67.70 tions which may sound silly, for that matter chance in seeking new horizons, going ever ALL ABOVE ITEMS—$59.95 may even be so. westward until the whole country was set- tled. Certainly a rockhound with a pile of "1—In slabbing and trimming an aver- VISIT OUR STORE agates and a new saw becomes as big a TO SEE AND BUY age sample of selected agate weighing a gambler as the farmer who plants a field pound, what would be the approximate gen- of corn and gambles with cold, heat, rain HIGHLAND PARK E-10. El 2. E-20 eral average of absolute waste? By absolute and drouth. GEM CUTTING UNITS waste I mean pieces unfit for working into lamp shades of good quality, etc. There are certain ways in which to cut ALL MINERALITE FLUORESCENT LAMPS each material of course and out of the wide GEMMASTER UNITS "2—In slabbing agates of 2x2 inches and experience of thousands of rockhounds cer- upward in size what would be the hourly tain methods have been developed for the BY LAP. EQUIPMENT CO. square inch average cut with a 16-inch saw? most successful cutting. They have ap- Heavy 18" Rhodium Plated Sterling Silver "3—I note some advertisers quote slabs peared in the now extensive literature of Neck Chains—2 ior $1.00. $4.50 per dozen at $1.00 or so a square inch. The rough the several rock magazines and the infor- plus 20% Federal Tax and Postage. selected stock from which it is cut is $2.00 mation involved is too extensive to give a pound. Is there any way of pre-determin- in this limited space. If any reader has a NEW FREE 12 PAGE MINERAL CATALOG ing the quality of an agate before it is cut? question about any specific material we Sent free on Request shall attempt an answer, or give the source If not I presume one would do a lot better This catalog lists good quality mineral by buying selected stones in the rough and of a good reference covering the subject, if postage is supplied. specimens selling at 25c to 35c each. It cutting them himself." does not list minerals for the advanced Well brother did you ever stand in a The novice should remember this: The collector. Beginners, students, and pros- market and try to pick out a good canta- new photographer wastes a lot of money on pectors will find this very useful. It will be loupe? That's a little easier than picking bad pictures, under-exposed films and all sent only when specifically requested with out a good agate, for you have a sense of the ether problems of photography. The name of magazine in which ad appears. smell to go by. Having picked out what hunters and the fishermen return from many you thought was a good cantaloupe did you trips with no meat. The rockhound loses Faceted Round Gems ever try to figure just how many bites there a lot of money on duds, even if he picks were in it by dividing the circumference by them up free. There is no formula for oi Synthetic something or other or, having estimated picking only perfect rocks, but experience, TITANIA the number of bites, did you then figure just as in all things, is a great teacher. how long it would take to chomp up the * * * have five times more ability than the Diamond to break light into its component whole melon? That whole deal would sort If we have any readers in the New York of spoil the great thrill of knowing you had colors producing a magnificent rainbow area we invite them to come and hear us effect found a good melon and proceeding to talk at the Essex House in Newark, N. J. enjoy it after it was chilled to just the right at 3 p.m. on Thursday, October 9. At that SEND FOR FREE PRICE LIST describing temperature in just the right degree of ripe- time we shall be attending the second an- ness. nual convention, gem and mineral show of TITANIA RAINBOW JEWELRY Anyone who approaches rockhounding the Eastern Federation of Mineralogical and OTHER SERVICES OFFERED in as cold and calculating a manner as our Lapidary Societies which will be in progress JEWELRY REPAIR SERVICE October 9, 10, 11. We will have a booth correspondent is never going to enjoy the GEM STONE CUTTING hobby for the reason that he is never going there and be available a great part of the to start. Fully 99 percent of the fun in time to meet our friends. GEM CUTTING EQUIPMENT, MATERIALS lapidary work is putting a very unpromis- While the eastern shows have not at- AND SUPPLIES ing rock into the vise, after puzzling sev- tained the bigness of the western shows they JEWELRY MAKING TOOLS AND MATERIALS eral minutes about which way to turn it, have plenty to look at and enjoy in the MINERAL SPECIMENS and then standing by in high hope as the world of rocks and the quality is of the saw relentlessly inches through. The thrill highest. Our lecture will be on The Second FLUORESCENT LAMPS. GEIGER COUNTERS that comes as the slice plops off and the Stone Age, the story of the rock hobby in URANIUM SAMPLES, FLUORESCENT saw hums high is akin to watching the America and we will tell you just why man MINERALS horses coming down the stretch. It is this is inherently interested in rocks and why FIELD TRIP GUIDE BOOKS gamble that makes the rockhound's heart rockhounding is now America's fastest grow- beat high and the blood pulse along his ing hobby and at present its third largest Send for Free 32 Page veins as he picks the oily slice from the hobby in the number of its followers. goo and holds it up to the light to see its Complete Price list color and pattern. There are few rock- There will be many other good program hounds anywhere who consider themselves items during the three days and we hope so wise that they can say, as they put the that the experienced hobbyist will attend rock in the vise, "this one is really good." the convention and the mildly interested It is the experience of most of us that the will do so too to investigate this fascinating GRIEGER'S hobby. Everyone is welcome and you do 1633 East Walnut Street more unpromising the rock is the more not have to be a member of any club to surprising it will develop. attend. Pasadena 4. Calif.—Phone Sycamore 6-6423

OCTOBER, 1952 41 Quit Hetween Ifou and Ate

By RANDALL HENDERSON

HEN WEi wish to run away from the pressure of Hilton, who also writes an occasional feature story for too much work, or too many social obligations, Desert Magazine. Cyria and I have two outlets which always bring Today I received a letter from John in which he writes relaxation. One of them is to put our bedrolls in the car some very uncomplimentary things about the so-called and spend an evening by a little campfire of our own in modernistic art now shown in many of the galleries. Join's a secluded desert canyon—and there are a hundred thou- letter will be published next month, and in the meantime sand such canyons in southwestern United States. I will assure him that I agree with most of the ideas he Our other escape is to journey over San Gorgonio expressed. Pass to the little Mexican dining room and theater at In our gallery here at Palm Desert we limit our ex- Padua Hills near Claremont, California. It is just a 2'/2 hibits to realistic presentations of desert subjects. I. will hour motor trip. admit I am just too dumb to understand the meaningless At Padua we are entertained by Mexican folk songs blobs of paint and the hideous distortions offered by the and dances as we eat a delicious dinner in a setting that modernists as works of art. was designed after the early Spanish ranchos in California. John and I differ in one detail. He thinks it is a waste The thing we love about this quiet little retreat in the of time to paint a canvas which no one but the artist him- foothills near Claremont is the naturalness, the spon- self understands. I disagree as to this point. I think it is taneity and the enthusiasm with which the Mexican players quite proper for an artist to daub paint on a canvas in fill the various roles assigned to them. any manner that pleases him, but that it is very bad public They are versatile people. At one moment they are relations for a painter to reveal his inner confusion by doing a very gracious job of serving us with Mexican putting unrelated splotches of paint on a canvas and then fried chicken or tacos, and at the next moment they are exhibit this eccentricity in public as a work of art. Such up on the little stage strumming a guitar or dancing the paintings should be hidden in the dark recesses of the fandango. A little later in the evening the same waiters attic or cellar, where only the artist himself would ever and waitresses and bus boys who served and entertained see them. They should be kept secret, like other personal us in the dining room are on the theater stage entertaining vices. us with native musical comedy that is charming because * * * it is so simple and natural. In the editorial office of the Desert Magazine, as in Perhaps one of the reasons why Padua has been able every editorial office in the Southwest, the problem is to preserve so much of the charm one finds in this place always present—shall we spell it Navajo or Navaho? is that Padua Institute is controlled by a non-profit organi- Originally a Tewa word, the Spanish spelling is Navajo, zation, designed merely to keep alive the Spanish and with the "j" having the pronunciation of "h." Generally, Mexican traditions of California's colonial days. Beauty the people of the Southwest, knowing and having become and artistry are the goals at Padua—not profits. accustomed to the Spanish pronunciation of "j," have * * * preferred the Spanish version. We like our Spanish words For the information of those Desert Magazine readers —San Joaquin, San Jacinto, San Jose, and we want them who dwell within driving distance of Palm Desert, the pronounced as Hoaquin, Hacinto and Hose. We find art gallery which is so important a part of our institution great delight in correcting tenderfoot visitors and other here will be officially re-opened for the 1952-53 season ignorant persons who use the ugly "j" sound in saying on October 16. these words. Actually, we have had a very excellent exhibit of But the problem is becoming more complicated. Re- desert paintings on display all summer, but our building cently the tribal council of the Navajo Indians decided has been open only 5Vi days a week, and we do not have they wanted their name spelled Navaho. The reason they many visitors when the temperatures on the desert high- gave is rather difficult for an Anglo mind to understand. ways range from 100 degrees up. They have heard their returning Gl tribesmen referred Harriet Day, who has been in charge of our art exhi- to as GI Joe—the good old name given to every buck bition the last two years, will return in October, and private in the army. But somehow the Indians translated during the fall and winter season will keep the gallery this into Nava-Joe—and they don't like it. They, too, open seven days a week from eight until five. There is like the Spanish pronunciation. They do not want that no admission charge, and the legend over the front door harsh "j" sound connected with their tribal name—and of the gallery reads: "Friend or Stranger, you are Wel- have asked that henceforth it be spelled Navaho. come here." This of course does not make Navaho the official * * * spelling of the word. But it does leave a lot of us editors One of the regular exhibitors in our gallery is John wondering what to do about it.

A?, DESERT MAGAZINE quences for the destiny of the strug- gling young republic as well as for the despoiled red men. Author Katherine C. Turner tells of Miguel, the old war- rior chief of the Apaches, and his visit to President Grant. The story of Sarah Winnemucca, the "Paiute Princess" BOOK ON INDIAN DESIGN guide for Lake Mead, and recent in- who traveled twice to see President ITSELF A WORK OF ART formation as to the condition of ac- Hayes on behalf of her people, is re- A masterpiece of research, organi- cess roads along both sides of the lated, and the terrible tale of Ge- zation, illustration, printing and book- Colorado and the four reservoirs be- rcnimo's treachery. binding, Indian Art of the Americas low Grand Canyon. Told with deep understanding and by Le Roy H. Appleton is a full rep- For the convenience of motorists clarity, the stories of these meetings of resentation of the American Indians' who may have occasion to refer to Indians with presidents produce sym- contribution to world art. Based on or- the maps in all kinds of weather con- pathy for the dispossessed tribesmen iginal sources, it covers the entire field ditions, a transparent plastic envelope and a feeling of the injustice of our of North, Central and South America. is furnished with each book, making Indian policy. At the same time, there Author-Artist-Book Designer Apple- it virtually waterproof. is something thrilling hi the impas- ton's illustrations were drawn and col- Published by Lane Publishing Co., sioned prayers and the native dignity ored after the finest examples of Indian 1952. 32 pp. with 15 maps. Paper of proud Indian chieftains. weaving, embroidery, basketry, pottery, cover and plastic envelope. $1.50. Red Men Calling is number 32 in metal-work, sculpture, painting and the University cf Oklahoma Press manuscript-writing. The 79 full-page EARLY INDIAN VISITS TO V7HITE HOUSE TOLD Civilization of the American Indian color plates include more than 700 series. The 235 pages include index, designs from 100 tribes ranging from "I have listened to a great many tales from our great father," the cen- bibliography and halftone illustrations. the Arctic Circle to Cape Horn. The $3.75. book has been 20 years in preparation. tury-old Indian said to his brothers. "But they always began and ended The meaning and symbolism of the with this—'Get a little farther; you Western America, with all its early works are explained in the words of are too near to me.'" color and thrills, is described by Mrs. the Indians themselves—in authentic This aged Indian might well have F. A. Gillhouse, long-time desert resi- and beautiful tribal legends, creation stood as spokesman for the countless dent now living in Las Vegas, Nevada, myths and migration stories which ex- and colorful Indian chieftains who, in her first book, Pistol Pete, pub- press the philosophy and religious be- during the two centuries of the white lished recently by Little Brown and liefs basic to the graphic designs. A man's relentless Western expansion, Company. It is the story of Frank general survey of craft techniques and made the long pilgrimage to Washing- Eaton, veteran of the old West, cow- brief but adequate introductions to ton to meet with the Great White boy, scout, Indian fighter and deputy each geographical section provide the Father in a futile effort to turn back U. S. Marshall. Although an Okla- essential background for appreciation the tide of encroaching white settlers homan, Eaton spent several years in of the art. from the lands of their forefathers. New Mexico, and the book presents A work of art itself, Indian Art of Red Men Calling on the Great White episodes in New Mexico history dur- the Americas is an invaluable refer- Father is the story of these pilgrimages ing the time of the famous sheriff, Pat ence for historians, lovers of Indian — many of which had grim conse- Garrett. lore, artists, designers and teachers. Published by Charles Scribner's Sons. 280 pages, 79 full-page color MAPS OF THE LOWER plates, index and bibliography. $15. • • • COLORADO RIVER FINE MAPS OF LOWER COLORADO AVAILABLE Set of 15 maps gives accurate detail of the Colorado River from While the new sportsman's atlas of upper Lake Mead to the Gulf of California. Now available in the the Colorado River and Lake Mead Sportsman's Atlas of the Colorado River and Lake Mead. published by Sunset Magazine is de- signed primarily for those interested Shows— in hunting and fishing, the fine set of • Shorelines of Lake Mead, Lake Mojave, Lake Havasu, maps contained in this guide will make Imperial reservoir. it an invaluable handbook for anyone • Lists all camps, lodgings and boating facilities along both having need for a detailed chart of the river and the lakes. the Colorado from the headwaters of • Gives condition of access roads on California, Nevada, Lake Mead to the Gulf of California. Arizona and Baja California shore lines. Text was written and maps prepared by C. E. Erickson. • Complete meandering of Colorado River. The 15 maps contained in the book- An excellent guide for hunters, fishermen, travelers, boatmen let give complete detail as to the me- and explorers of the Lower Colcrado River Basin. Each book in plastic anderings of the Colorado River, the waterproof bag. shorelines of Lake Mead, Lake Mo- $1.53 postpaid jave, Lake Havasu and Lake Imperial reservoirs, and the location of boats California buyers add 3% tax and living accommodations to be found along the stream and its man- Palm Desert, California made lakes. The atlas also includes a navigation

OCTOBER, 1952 43 GIANT TINKLING COWBELL BRACELET TINKLING COWBELL Sterling silver 7" heavy link charm bracelet with giant In sterling silver. Choice cowbell. Actual of pierced or screwback size. S5.00, Fed. (please specify). $3.00, Fee. tax inc. (Colorado tax inc. (Colorado resi- residents add 8c dents add 5'- state tax) state tax) SPUR EARRINGS Real spurs, with mov- able rowels. All sterling SUEDE silver. Choice of pierced or screwback (please GIANT TINKLING JACKETS specify). S3.00 pair, Fed. tax inc. {Colorado COWBELL EARRINGS GIANT TINKLING Suede leather, residents add 5c state Clever replicas in sterling fringed jacket, tax) silver. Illustration is COWBELL NECKLACE fully lined. Col- actual size. Choice of Rope chain 18" necklace, ors: rust or cop- pierced or screwback sterling silver with giant per, honey beige (please specify). $5.00 tinkling cowbell. Actual or sand. Women's pair, Fed. tax inc. (Colo- size. $5.00, Fed. tax inc sizes 12 to ]8~ rado residents add 8c (Colorado residents add S37.50. (Colo. state tax) 8< state tax) residents add 75< state tax). Men's sizes 34 to 44— S47.50. (Colo. residents add 95'' state tax). COWBOY HAT EARRINGS Smooth topgrain Sterling silver cowboy 1 white leather hat earrings. Silver rope J jackets. Women's hatband. Pierced or S42.50. Men's screwback (please spec- STERLING SILVER $52.50- Sizes as ify). Actual size. S3.00 above. Please pair, Fed. tax inc. Colo- BUCKLE SET | allow two weeks rado residents add 5' Simulated turquoise inlay with tip for shipment. state tax) and two keepers. Large buckle INDIAN TEPEE WA" X 234" fits H" belt. S12.50, EARRINGS Fed. tax inc. (Colorado residents add 21c state tax)