Challenger Society for Marine Science Conference in Liverpool, 5Th-9Th September 2016
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Challenger Society for Marine Science Conference in Liverpool, 5th-9th September 2016 This document contains all the abstracts for talks and posters that are due to be presented at this conference, in order of the sessions. We thank the session conveners and co-conveners, whose assistance in organising the conference has been invaluable. Dr Joanne Willams and Dr Matthew Palmer National Oceanography Centre Joseph Proudman Building, 6 Brownlow St, Liverpool, UK SESSION TITLES AND LEAD CONVENERS S01 Marine Science for Society (Jacqueline Tweddle) S03 Science impacts through Open Data (Helen Snaith) S04 Renewable and low carbon energy: interactions with the marine system (Jeremy Blackford) S05 Technological advancement and democratisation of ocean observing systems (Malcolm Hearn) S06 Advances in monitoring natural waters via novel sensors and techniques (Allison Schaap) S07 Ocean remote sensing: emerging and future opportunities (Chris Banks) S08 Sea-level rise and variability: from global means to coastal floods (Angela Hibbert) S09 Palaeoceanography: marine environments of the past and the establishment of long baselines (Paul Butler) S10 The impacts of marine climate change and variability in the shelf seas (Jonathan Tinker) S11 Changes in the Arctic Ocean System (Yevgeny Aksenov) S12 Open session on Ocean Circulation and Processes (Xiaoming Zhai) S13 Atlantic Ocean Circulation and Variability (Barbara Berx) S14 Physical coastal processes; connections between land, ocean, and atmosphere (Lucy Bricheno) S15 Ocean Shelf Exchange (Mark Inall) S16 Internal waves and turbulent mixing processes: from lakes and coastal seas to the deep ocean (Robert Hall) S17 Transport and mixing in estuarine and coastal waters (Charlie Thompson) S18 Trace element and isotope exchange at ocean boundaries (William Homoky) S19 Water-column Biogeochemistry and Physics in Shelf Seas (Clare Davis) S20 Biogeochemistry, macronutrient and carbon cycling in the benthic layer of coastal and shelf-seas (Gary Fones) S21 Fine scale turbulence: theory, models and observations (Holly Pelling) S23 Overcoming the temporal and spatial complexities of open ocean nutrient cycling (Robyn Tuerena) S24 Drivers for patchiness and marine vertebrate dynamics (Peter Miller) S25 Complex topographies in the ocean: Techniques, recent advances and future challenges (Kostas Kiriakoulakis) S26 Use of Long Term Ecological Time Series to Monitor the Health of the Ocean (Martin Edwards) S27 Integrating ‘omic’ datasets to understand ocean systems (Thomas Bibby) S29 Observations and Earth system models: A synergistic relationship (Andrew Yool) S30 The Indian Ocean: recent research and questions for the future (Greg Cowie) S31 Beyond the bi-plot: State of the art approaches to using stable isotopes and biomarkers in marine trophic and spatial ecology (Rachel Jeffreys) S33 Open session on marine biogeochemistry (Stephanie Henson) Marine Science for Society (S01) Chairs: Abigail McQuattersGollop ([email protected]) Jacqueline F. Tweddle ([email protected]) ORAL PRESENTATIONS Each presentation has been assigned 15 mins. MCCIP: Ten years reporting on the impacts of climate change for marine decision makers Paul Buckley (MCCIP Secretariat, Marine Climate Change Centre, Cefas, Lowestoft), Stephen Dye (MCCIP Secretariat, Marine Climate Change Centre, Cefas, Lowestoft; CCSUS, School of Environmental Sciences, UEA, Norwich), Matthew Frost (Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, Plymouth, UK), Bethany Stoker (Joint Nature Conservation Committee, Peterborough, UK), Bryony Townhill (Marine Climate Change Centre, Cefas, Lowestoft) In November 2006 the Marine Climate Change Impacts Partnership launched its first report card focussed on providing a mechanism that would translate research allowing policy makers to understand the potential impacts of climate change on the UK's marine environment. We discuss how the development of understanding over the subsequent decade allows us to now consider implications for policy and industry and potentially design adaptation responses. Considering first the effectiveness of legislation for the marine environment it is important to understand ways in which marine ecosystems respond to both natural and anthropogenic changes in climate over a variety of temporal and spatial scales. Together these changes provide significant challenges to those setting and implementing legislation for the marine environment, and may have consequences in terms of achieving conservation targets and objectives. We examined 21 national and international obligations relevant to marine biodiversity over the last 50 years and show that that while climate change is rarely explicitly considered mechanisms generally exist that could enable climate change issues to be addressed. We then discuss potential impacts of climate change on marine protected areas including species being gained to or lost from sites and, in certain cases, the entire network. With over 1,250 designated features (species and habitats) in the UK marine protected area network, identifying where and how these habitats and species are likely to be affected by climate change will be a critical step in managing marine protected areas. Secondly, we show an example of working with industry and socioeconomic impacts experts to ‘”co produce” tools towards sustainable development in a changing marine environment. By reviewing climate change risks to both domestic and international sources of wild capture fisheries (altered ocean ecosystems; changes catch potential; shifts in stock distribution) we identified relevant seafood industry adaptation responses. From evidence to policy: developing biodiversity indicators for the MSFD Abigail McQuattersGollop (Marine Conservation and Policy Research Group, Plymouth University) Ecological timeseries data are essential for informing management and policy, particularly in supporting the new generation of marine legislative drivers, which take a holistic ecosystem approach to management. The Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD) seeks to achieve Good Environmental Status (GES) of European seas through the implementation of such a management approach. This is a regional scale directive which recognises the importance of plankton communities in marine ecosystems; ecological data at the appropriate spatial, temporal and taxonomic scales are therefore required for implementation. At the base of the marine food web, plankton timeseries play an important role in delivering GES through the development and informing of MSFD biodiversity indicators, the setting of targets against a background of climate change and the provision of supporting information used to interpret change in nonplankton indicators. Efforts must be made to preserve longterm time series, which supply vital ecological information used to informed evidencebased environmental policy. Ecological tradeoffs as a strategic solution to multiple and sustainable use insights from a regional case study: CORPORATES Beth E. Scott (University of Aberdeen), Irvine, K.N. (James Hutton Institute), Byg, A. (James Hutton Institute), Gubbins, M. c, Kafas, A. (Marine Scotland Science , University of Aberdeen, ), Kenter, J. (Scottish Association for Marine Science), MacDonald, A. (University of Aberdeen), O’Hara Murray, R (Marine Scotland Science), Potts, T. (University of Aberdeen), Slater, AM. (University of Aberdeen), Tweddle, J. (University of Aberdeen, Marine Scotland Science), Wright, K. (Marine Scotland Science), Davies, I. (Marine Scotland Science) The transdisciplinary project “Cooperative participatory assessment of the impact of renewable technology on ecosystem services: CORPORATES” brought together natural and social scientists, experts in law and policy, and marine managers with the aim of promoting a more integrated decisionmaking framework using ecosystem services (ES) concepts in marine management. Using a realworld current issue – the colocation of wind farms, MPAs and industrial fishing in the Firth of Forth, Scotland – CORPORATES is developing a process to incorporate ES concepts and ecological tradeoffs into stakeholders’ awareness by bringing together representatives of maritime industries, regulatory/advisory partners and a range of stakeholders including NGOs, SMEs recreationalists and local government. The main project, based around two workshops, incorporated knowledge exchange about key ecological processes underpinning ES, mapping of different types of activities and ES benefits, participatory concept system modelling that illuminated potential ecological tradeoffs and deliberation on the impacts of potential future policy developments. A clear outcome was that greater and shared understanding of the range of ecological tradeoffs early in the process can reduce the potential for conflict and lead to more efficient negotiation based on trust and agreement on sustainable uses of our oceans. What also emerged was stakeholder recognition of an urgent need for greater understanding and at least qualification of the ecological tradeoffs in decision making. This talk will also cover the further evolution of CORPORATES outcomes after recent interactions with statutory agencies and a wide range of regional marine planners. We will propose a road map on how you get from improved renewable energy EIAs, through blue skies research on out to achieving Good Environmental Status (GES) for our Oceans though the collaborative efforts of Industry, NGOs, University led research and statutory Government