Appendix a Sarah Tanedo/USFWS Common Tern with Chicks

Home , Batrachoididae, Colias philodice, Dactylopteridae, Epiaeschna, Epiaeschna heros, Euptoieta

Appendix A Sarah Tanedo/USFWS Common tern with chicks

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Table of Contents

Table A.1. Fish Species Known or Suspected at Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge (NWR)...... A-1

Table A.2. Reptile Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR ...... A-8

Table A.3. Amphibian Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR ...... A-8

Table A.4. Bird Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR ...... A-9

Table A.5. Mammal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR ...... A-27

Table A.6. Butterfly and Moth Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR...... A-30

Table A.7. Dragonfly and Damselfly Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR...... A-31

Table A.8. Tiger Beetle Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR ...... A-32

Table A.9. Crustacean Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR...... A-33

Table A.10. Bivalve Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy NWR...... A-34

Table A.11. Miscellaneous Marine Invertebrate Species at Monomoy NWR...... A-35

Table A.12. Miscellaneous Terrestrial Invertebrates Known to be Present on Monomoy NWR. . . . . A-37

Table A.13. Marine Worms Known or Suspected at Monomoy NWR...... A-37

Literature Cited ...... A-40

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 1.0 1.4 0.0 0.9 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.0 3.4 61.5 71.5 46.5

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 7.5 0.0 4.5 0.0 0.2 0.0 2.0 0.0 0.3 0.2 15.1 12.3 78.6 60.9

AFS Status AFS 5

------V V V

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------S S S S NOAA NOAA

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

S5 S3 S4 S4

SNR

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------Alosa sapidissima Alosa pseudoharengus Alosa aestivalis Conger oceanicus Anguilla rostrata Dasyatis centroura Dasyatis Raja eglanteria Leucoraja ocellata Leucoraja Leucoraja erinacea Leucoraja Amblyraja radiata Amblyraja Squalus acanthias Squalus Mustelus canis Carcharodon carcharias Carcharodon Carcharias taurus Carcharias Scientific Name marinus Petromyzon American Shad Alewife Herrings – Clupeidae HerringBlueback Congers – Congridae EelConger Freshwater Eels – Anguillidae American Eel Stingrays – Dasyatidae Roughtail Stingray Clearnose Skate Clearnose Winter Skate Winter Little Skate Skates – Rajidae Thorny Skate Dogfishes – Squalidae DogfishSpiny Requim Sharks - Charcharhinidae Smooth Dogfish Mackerl Sharks – Lamnidae White Shark Sand Tigers – Odontaspididae Sand Tigers Sand Tiger Shark Common Name Lampreys – Petromyzontidae Sea Lamprey Table A.1. Fish Species Known Fish Species Suspected or A.1. at RefugeMonomoy Wildlife National (NWR).Table Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-1

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 1.0 1.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.3 4.3 0.2 2.9 8.9 9.4 2.4 NA NA

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 1.0 0.2 0.7 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 9.5 0.0 NA NA 11.3 13.9 53.4

AFS Status AFS 5

------V

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------S NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------spp. Pollachius virens Microgadus tomcod Merluccius bilinearis Melanogrammus aeglefinus Melanogrammus Gadus morhua Anarhichas lupus cimbrius Enchelyopus Lophius americanus Lophius Opsanus tau Synodontidae myops Trachinocephalus Synodus foetens Synodus Osmerus mordax Anchoa mitchilli Clupea harengus thynnus Thunnus hepsetus Anchoa Scientific Name Brevoortia tyrannus Pollock Atlantic Tomcod Silver Hake Haddock Atlantic Cod Wolffish –Anarhichadidae Wolffish *Atlantic Wolffish Cods – Gadidae Fourbeard Rockling Goosefishes – Lophiidae Goosefish Toadfishes – Batrachoididae Toadfishes Oyster Toadfish Lizardfish unclassified Snakefish Lizardfishes – Synodontidae LizardfishInshore Smelts – Osmeridae Rainbow Smelt Bay Anchovy Atlantic Herring – Scombridae Tunas *Atlantic Bluefin Tuna Anchovies – Engraulidae Striped Anchovy Common Name Atlantic Menhaden A-2 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 1.2 0.0 0.5 0.3 4.6 2.2 2.9 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 17.1

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 7.5 0.0 0.0 5.6 3.3 0.3 9.3 NA NA NA NA NA NA NA NA 13.8

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------Morone americana Morone saxatilis Morone Syngnathus fuscus Syngnathus Fistularia petimba Fistularia tabacaria Hyporhamphus unifasciatus Strongylura marina Scomberesox saurus parva Lucania majalis Fundulus Fundulus heteroclitus Gambusia affinis Menidia menidia Urophycis tenuis Urophycis Urophycis regia Urophycis Scientific Name chuss Urophycis Temperate Basses – Percichthyidae Temperate White Perch Striped Bass Pipefishes – Syngnathidae Northern Pipefish Cornetfishes – Fistulariidae CornetfishRed Bluespotted Cornetfish Halfbeaks – Exocoetidae Silverstripe Halfbeak Needlefishes – Belonidae Atlantic Needlefish Sauries – Scomberesocidae Atlantic Saury Killifishes – Cyprinodontidae Rainwater Killifish Striped Killifish Mummichog Livebearers – Poeciliidae Mosquitofish Silversidees – Atherinidae Atlantic Silverside White Hake Spotted Hake Common Name Red Hake Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-3

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 2.1 1.7 1.2 1.5 1.9 0.9 9.2 0.7 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.3 4.8 NA NA NA 81.0 14.5 22.9

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NA NA NA 30.0

AFS Status AFS 5

------V

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------Seriola zonata Seriola dumerili Selene vomer Selar crumenophthalmus Selar setapinnis Selene Trachurus lathami Trachurus Trachinotus falcatus Trachinotus Decapterus punctatus Decapterus Decapterus macarellus Decapterus Caranx crysosCaranx hipposCaranx Caranx bartholomaei Caranx Alectis ciliaris Pomatomus saltatrix Pristigenys alta Priacanthus cruentatus Priacanthus Priacanthus arenatus Priacanthus Mycteroperca phenax Mycteroperca Mycteroperca microlepis Mycteroperca Epinephelus niveatus Epinephelus adscensionis Scientific Name striata Centropristis Banded Rudderfish Greater Amberjack Lookdown Bigeye Scad Atlantic Moonfish Rough Scad Permit Jack Round Scad Mackerel Scad Mackerel Blue RunnerBlue Crevalle Jack Yellow Jack Jacks – Carangidae African Pompano Bluefishes – Pomatomidae Bluefish Short Bigeye Glasseye Snapper Bigeyes – Piacanthidae Bigeye Scamp Gag Snowy Grouper Rock Hind Rock Common Name Sea Basses – Serranidae SeaBlack Bass A-4 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 1.2 0.7 2.7 0.9 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.2 0.3 NA NA 17.1 15.9 10.6 99.7

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 NA NA 11.4 47.9 16.4 26.2

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------Ulvaria subbifurcataUlvaria gunnellus Pholis Mugil curema Mugil borealisSphyraena guachanchoSphyraena lumpretaeformis Lumpenus Chaetodon ocellatus Chaetodon onitisTautog adspersus Tautogolabrus Upeneus parvus Mullus auratus Menticirrhus saxatilis Menticirrhus Leiostomus xanthurus Leiostomus Cynoscion regalis Scientific Name Stenotomus chrysops Radiated Shanny Gunnels – Pholidae Rock Gunnel Mullets – Mugilidae White Mullet Barracudas – Sphyraenidae Northern Sennet Guaguanche Pricklebacks – Stichaeidae Snakeblenny Butterflyfishes – Chaetodontidae Spotfin Butterflyfish – Labridae Wrasses Tautog Cunner Dwarf Goatfish Dwarf Goatfishes – Mullidae Red Goatfish Northern Kingfish Spot Drums – Sciaenidae Weakfish Common Name Porgies – Sparidae Scup Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-5

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.9 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 3.4 NA NA 91.8 18.8 65.3

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 7.1 0.7 0.0 0.7 0.2 0.3 2.5 0.0 3.3 NA NA 11.6 27.9 13.8 24.7 68.8

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------

spp. Dactylopterus volitans Liparis atlanticusLiparis Cyclopterus lumpus Cyclopterus Aspidophoroides monopterygius Aspidophoroides Myoxocephalus octodecemspinosus Myoxocephalus aenaeus Hemitripterus americanus Hemitripterus Prionotus evolans Prionotus carolinus Prionotus Peprilus triacanthus Peprilus Scomber scombrus Gobiosoma bosci ginsburgi Gobiosoma Gobiidae Ammodytes dubius Scientific Name americanus Macrozoarces Flying Gurnards – Dactylopteridae Flying Gurnard Atlantic Seasnail Lumpfishes and Snailfishes – Cyclopteridae Lumpfish Poachers – Agonidae Alligatorfish Longhorn Sculpin Grubby Sculpins – Cottidae Sea Raven Striped Searobin Searobins – Triglidae Northern Searobin Butterfishes – Stromateidae Butterfish Mackerels – Scombridae Atlantic Mackerel Gobies – Gobiidae Naked Goby Seaboard Goby Goby unclassified Sand Lances – Ammodytidae Northern Sand Lance Common Name Eelpouts – Zoarcidae Ocean Pout A-6 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 1.2 0.9 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.3 8.0 5.8 NA NA 11.8 10.3 32.8 23.8 30.4 64.6

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.0 8.3 NA NA 87.9 12.8 79.6 55.4

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

1 Federal Federal ------Micropterus salmoides Micropterus Sphoeroides maculates Sphoeroides Lactophrys trigonus Lactophrys Balistes capriscus Balistes hispidus Monacanthus Aluterus scriptus Aluterus Aluterus schoepfi Aluterus Trinectes maculatus Trinectes Pseudopleuronectes America Pseudopleuronectes Pleuronectes ferruginea Pleuronectes Paralichthys oblongusParalichthys Scophthalmus aquosus Paralichthys dentatusParalichthys Citharichthys macrops microstomus Etropus Scientific Name Citharichthys arctifrons Data assembled from the New England Fishery Management Council Essential Fish Habitat and Habitat Area of ParticularFisheries Concern Designation Division Alternatives of Highly Migratory Draft Species Amendment 2012; 1 to the and consolidated NOAA Highly Migratory Species Fishery Management Plan, June 2009. Sunfish – Centrarchidae Largemouth Bass Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Nantucket Sound Spring and Fall Trawl SurveysWinter from 1978 Flounder to Seine 2010 Surveys and the Nantucket 1976 Sound to 2010. Estuarine * Puffers – Tetraodontidae Northern Puffer Boxfishes – Ostraciidae Trunkfish Gray Triggerfish Planehead Filefish Scrawled Filefish Leatherjackets – Balistidae FilefishOrange Soles – Soleidae Hogchoker Winter Flounder Righteye Flounders – Pleuronectidae Yellowtail Flounder Fourspot Flounder Windowpane Summer Flounder Spotted Whiff Smallmouth Flounder Common Name Lefteye Flounders – Bothidae Gulf Stream Flounder Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-7

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 Rep. Rep.

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

M NALCC M SM

Listing

Listing 4

Fisheries Fisheries Fisheries Fisheries

- - - - T E E E NOAA

NOAA NOAA P/E

Rank

Rank 3

MA Rarity Rarity MA MA Rarity Rarity MA - - -

S1 S1 S1 S1 S5 S5

S1S2

Rank

Rarity Rank Rarity

Rarity Rarity 2

Global Global -

- -

G1 Global G5 G5 G3 G3 G3 G3

Status

Status 1

MA Legal Legal MA

MA Legal Legal MA - - - - - T T T E E

Status

Federal Federal - Status

Federal Federal - - - - T T E E E Name

Scientific Scientific

Scientific Name Chrysemys picta Caretta caretta Thamnophis sauritus sirtalis sirtalis Thamnophis Bufo woodhousii fowleri Chelonia mydas Eretmochelys imbricate Lepidochelys kempii Dermochelys coriacea platirhinos Heterodon

Name Common Common Common Name – Emydidae Turtles Water Painted Turtle – Cheloniidae Sea Turtles Loggerhead Sea Turtle Eastern Ribbon Snake Eastern Garter Snake Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Fauna of Massachusettsaddition Series to No. staff 3, State observations Reptiles and Amphibians of wildlife List—Species on the refuge. Distribution, in – Bufonidae Toads •Fowlers Toad Green Sea Turtle Hawksbill Sea Turtle Ridley Turtle Sea Kemp’s – Dermochelyidae Sea Turtles Leatherback Sea Turtle Colubrids – Colubridae Eastern Hognose Snake Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, Fauna of Massachusettsaddition Series to No. staff 3, State observations Reptiles and Amphibians of wildlife List—Species on the refuge. Distribution, in •Denotes species suspected to have been breeding on the refuge over the past 20 years. Table A.2. Table Known Reptile Species orSuspected onMonomoy NWR. A.3. Known Table Amphibian Species orSuspected onMonomoy NWR. A-8 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

Winter 14

r r r c o c u c

Fall 14

r r r r r x x c o a u o a a c a

Summer 14

r r r r x o o u o u u u a

Spring 14

r r r r u o a a o a a c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP 12

------

LI LC HC MC MC MC MC

NAWMP

------

MANEM 10

- - L L L

H H H M M M M HH HH HH HH HH

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H M M HH

BCC 7

------R5 R5 R5 R5

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S1 S1

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

E E SC

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Calonectris Calonectris diomedea Fulmarus glacialis Podilymbus podiceps Podilymbus gravis Puffinus griseus Puffinus puffinusPuffinus Oceanodroma leucorhoa Gavia stellata Gavia immer grisegena Podiceps nigricollis Podiceps Oceanites oceanicus Podiceps auritus Podiceps Morus bassanusMorus Phalacrocorax Phalacrocorax auritus Sula leucogaster Phalacrocorax carbo Phalacrocorax Common Name Fulmars and Shearwaters – Procellariidae Cory’s Shearwater Northern Fulmar •Pied-billed Grebe Shearwater Greater Sooty Shearwater Manx Shearwater Storm-petrels – Hydrobatidae Storm-Petrel Leach’s Loons – Gaviidae Red-throated Loon Common Loon Grebe Red-necked Eared Grebe Wilson’s Storm-petrel Wilson’s Grebes – Podicipedidae Horned Grebe Boobies and Gannets – Sulidae Northern Gannet Cormorants – Phalacrocoracidae Double-crested Cormorant Brown Booby Great Cormorant Table A.4. Known Species Bird Table or Suspected onMonomoy NWR. Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-9

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S S M M M

Winter 14

r r u o u

Fall 14

r r r r r r c u c o o o c o c c

Summer 14

r r x x c o u u u o c u o u o

Spring 14

r r r r r c u c u o c o o c c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP 12

------

LC LC HC HC HC HC NR NR NR MC MC MC

NAWMP 11

------H H

MANEM 10

------

H H M M M HH HH HH HH HH HH HH

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H M M M M M M M M M M

BCC 7

------N R5 R5 R5

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S1 S2 S2 S4

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5 G4

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------E E

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Ixobrychus exilis Ixobrychus Ardea albaArdea egretta herodiasArdea herodias thula Egretta tricolor Egretta Butorides striatus Butorides ibis Bubulcus Egretta caerulea rufescens Egretta Fregata magnificens Fregata Nyctanassa violacea violacea Nycticorax nycticorax Plegadis falcinellus atratus Coragyps Cathartes aura Aix sponsa Anas acuta acuta Botaurus lentiginosus Anas americana Common Name Least Bittern Bitterns, Herons, and Egrets – Ardeidae •Great Egret Great Blue Heron •Snowy Egret Tricolored Heron Green Heron Cattle Egret Little Heron Blue Reddish Egret Frigatebirds – Fregatidae Magnificent Frigatebird Yellow-crowned Night-Heron •Black-crowned Night-Heron Ibises – Threskiornithidae •Glossy Ibis – Cathartidae Vultures New World VultureBlack VultureTurkey Swans, Geese, and Ducks – Anatidae Wood Duck •Northern Pintail American Bittern •American Wigeon A-10 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

N M M M

NMS

Winter 14

r r r x c c o c o o o o a o c c

Fall 14

r r x a c c c c c c u c c c a c c c o

Summer 14

r r x u c u c c c c

Spring 14

r r c c c c u c c a c o u u o o c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP 11

- - - H H H H

M M M M M M M AO AO ML ML MH MH MH MH MH MH

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IIC

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H H H H H H M M M HH HH HH

BCC

------

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S4

SNRN

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Cygnus columbianus columbianus Cygnus columbianus Clangula hyemalis Anas penelope Anas Anas clypeata Anas crecca carolinensis orphan discors Anas Anas platyrhynchos Anas rubripes Anas Anas strepera Anas Branta canadensisBranta Branta canadensisBranta Aythya marila Aythya valisineria Aythya affinis Aythya collaris fuligulaAythya Anser albifrons Anser Aythya american Circus cyaneus Circus Bucephala islandica Bucephala caerulescens Chen Bucephala albeolaBucephala clangulaBucephala americana Branta canadensisBranta canadensis Common Name Tundra Swan Long-tailed Duck Eurasian Wigeon •Northern Shoveler •Green-winged Teal •Blue-winged Teal •Mallard •American Duck Black •Gadwall Canada Goose (Atlantic) Canada Goose (resident) Greater Scaup Greater Canvasback Lesser Scaup Ring-necked Duck Tufted Duck Greater White-fronted Goose White-fronted Greater Redhead Atlantic Brant Barrow’s Goldeneye Goose Snow Bufflehead Goldeneye Common Canada Goose (North Atlantic) Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-11

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S

M M NS NS MS

Winter 14

r r r r o o c c c o a a o o c c

Fall 14

r r r r r r x x u c c a c c a a u c c c

Summer 14

r r r r r o u c c

Spring 14

r r r r x o a o a c c c o c u u c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP 11

------H H

M ML ML ML ML MH MH MH MH

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H H H H M M M M

BCC 7

------N

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S5 S3

SNRN

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G4

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Somateria mollissima Mergus merganser merganser Mergus americanus Mergus serrator serrator jamaicensisOxyura Melanitta perspicillata Melanitta fusca Histrionicus histrionicus cucullatu Lophotydes Melanitta americana Cygnus olor Accipiter cooperii Accipiter gentilis Accipiter striatus Accipiter velox Buteo lineatus lineatus Buteo jamaicensis Somateria spectabilis Dendrocygna bicolorDendrocygna Buteo lagopus johannis Buteo platypterus Buteo swainsoni Common Name Common Eider Common Merganser •Red-breasted Merganser •Ruddy Duck Surf Scoter White-winged Scoter Harlequin Duck Harlequin Merganser Hooded ScoterBlack •Mute Swan Osprey, Kites, Hawks, and Eagles – AccipitridaeOsprey, Cooper’s Hawk Northern Goshawk Sharp-shinned Hawk Red-shouldered Hawk Red-tailed Hawk King Eider Fulvous Whistling Duck Rough-legged Hawk Broad-winged Hawk Swainson’s HawkSwainson’s A-12 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------N M M

Winter 14

r r r r o o o c

Fall 14

r r r r r r x o c u o c u u c o

Summer 14

r r u u o

Spring 14

r r r r x u u o o c o c o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM 10

------L

H H H M M HH

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IIC

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H M M M

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S1 S1 S1 S1 S5 S4 S3

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5 G5 G4 G4 G4

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

T E T E SC

Status

1 Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Rallus limicola Rallus Rallus longirostris Phasianus colchicus Colinus virginianus Rallus elegans Fulica americana Falco rusticolus sparveriusFalco sparverius carolina Porzana Gallinula chloropus cachinnans martinicaPorphyrio Pandion haliaetusPandion carolinensis columbariusFalco peregrinus Falco Circus cyaneus Circus Ictinia mississippiensis Haliaeetus leucocephalus Common Name •Virginia Rail Clapper Rail Pheasants – Phasianidae Ring-necked Pheasant Quail – Odontophoridae Northern Bobwhite King Rail Rails – Rallidae American Coot Gyrfalcon American Kestrel •Sora Common Moorhen Purple Gallinule Osprey Falcons – Falconidae Merlin Peregrine Falcon •Northern Harrier Mississippi Kite Bald Eagle Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-13

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S S

M M

NMS

Winter 14

r o u u

Fall 14

r r x x u c u u a c c c a a

Summer 14

r r x x x u a c c o o o c a u

Spring 14

r r r x u u u a c o c c a a

U.S. SCP U.S. 13

- - 5 2 3 4 4 3 4 2 3 2 4 4 4 4 3 2

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------IB IA IA

BCR 30 BCR 8

- - - -

H H H H M M M M M HH HH HH HH HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

S1 S2 S2 S2

SNA SNA

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G3 G5 G5 G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------T E

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------T C

Name Scientific Scientific Charadrius melodus Charadrius Grus canadensisGrus Charadrius semipalmatus Charadrius vociferous wilsoniaCharadrius Pluvialis dominica Pluvialis Pluvialis squatarola Haematopus palliatus Himantopus mexicanus Recurvirostra americana Actitis macularia Arenaria interpres Bartramia longicauda Calidris canutus rufa Calidris alba Calidris alpina Calidris Calidris bairdii Calidris ferruginea Common Name Plovers – Charadriidae •Piping Plover Cranes – Gruidae Crane Sandhill Semipalmated Plover Killdeer Plover Wilson’s American Golden Plover Black-bellied Plover Black-bellied Oystercatchers – Haematopodidae •American Oystercatcher Stilts and Avocets – RecurvirostridaeStilts and Avocets Black-necked Stilt American Avocet Sandpipers and Phalaropes – Scolopacidae •Spotted Sandpiper Ruddy Turnstone Upland Sandpiper Upland Red Knot Sanderling Dunlin Baird’s Sandpiper Curlew Sandpiper A-14 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

M NS NS

Winter 14

Fall 14

r r x u o u c c c o u c o u o c

Summer 14

x x x x x u u o o a a c a o o c c

Spring 14

r r r r x x x u c a c c

U.S. SCP U.S. 13

- - - - 2 3 2 3 4 2 3 3 3 3 4 2 4 4 4 5 4 3

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H H H H H M M M M HH

BCC 7 ------

N N

R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

SNA SNA

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Calidris fuscicollis Calidris Calidris himantipus Calidris maritima Calidris Calidris minutilla Calidris Calidris mauri melanotosCalidris minuta Calidris Calidris pusillaCalidris Catoptrophorus semipalmatus Calidris ruficollis Calidris Heteroscelus incanus Gallinago gallinago Gallinago Limnodromus griseus Limosa fedoa Limnodromus scolopaceus limosaLimosa Limosa haemastica Limosa Limosa lapponica Limosa Numenius phaeopus Numenius americanus Numenius arquata Phalaropus fulicarius Phalaropus Common Name White-rumped Sandpiper Stilt Sandpiper Purple Sandpiper •Least Sandpiper Western Sandpiper Pectoral Sandpiper Stint Little Semipalmated Sandpiper •Willet Red-necked StintRed-necked Wandering Tattler Common Snipe Short-billed Dowitcher Marbled Godwit Long-billed Dowitcher Black-tailed Godwit Hudsonian GodwitHudsonian Bar-tailed Godwit Bar-tailed Whimbrel Long-billed Curlew Eurasian Curlew Red Phalarope Red Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-15

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------N

Winter 14

r a c o o

Fall 14

r r r r r r r r r x c c u o u a c c u

Summer 14

r r r r r r r o c a o u a a c

Spring 14

r r r r r r r r r r r c o o a c c

U.S. SCP U.S. 13

------3 4 4 3 3 4 4

NAWCP 12

------

LC LC LC LC LC HC NR NR NR NR MC MC MC

NAWMP

------

MANEM 10

------L L L L L L L L

H H H HH

PIF 09 PIF 9

------IA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H H M M HH HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

------S4 S2

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Phalaropus lobatus Phalaropus Phalaropus tricolor Phalaropus pugnax Philomachus Scolopax minor Tringa flavipes Tringa Tringa melanleuca Tringa Tringa solitaria Tryngites subruficollis Stercorarius Stercorarius longicaudus Stercorarius Stercorarius parasiticus Stercorarius Stercorarius pomarinus Chlidonias niger Chlidonias Chroicocephalus ridibundus Gelochelidon nilotica Gelochelidon Larus argentatus Larus Larus delawarensis Larus Larus atricilla Larus canus Larus Larus fuscus Larus Larus glaucoidesLarus Larus hyperboreus Larus Common Name Red-necked Phalarope Red-necked •Wilson’s Phalarope Ruff American Woodcock Lesser Yellowlegs Greater Yellowlegs Solitary Sandpiper Buff-breasted Sandpiper Jaegers – Laridae Long-tailed Jaeger Parasitic Jaeger Pomarine Jaeger Gulls, Terns, and Skimmers – Laridae Gulls, Terns, Black Tern Gull Black-headed Gull-billed Tern •Herring Gull Ring-billed Gull •Laughing Gull Mew Gull Lesser Black-backed Gull Iceland Gull Glaucous Gull A-16 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

M M

NMS

Winter 14

r r r r x a o c u o

Fall 14

r r r r r r x x a c c o c u c o

Summer 14

r r r r x a o o u c c u a o o

Spring 14

r r r r a u u o c u a o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP 12

LC LC LC HC HC HC HC HC HC NR NR NR NR NR MC MC MC MC MC MC MC MC MC MC

NAWMP

------

MANEM 10

- - - L L L L L L L

H H H H M M M M M HH HH HH HH HH

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H H M M M M HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

------S1 S2 S3 S3

Rank

2 Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G4

G4T3

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

E SC SC SC

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------E

Name Scientific Scientific Larus marinus Larus Uria aalge Uria lomvia Uria Larus minutus Larus Larus philadelphiaLarus Pagophila eburnea Rissa tridactyla Onychoprion Onychoprion fuscatus Leucophaeus pipixcan Onychoprion anaethetus Rynchops niger Sterna antillarumSterna caspiaSterna Sterna dougalliiSterna Sterna forsteri Sterna hirundoSterna maximaSterna paradisaea Sterna sandvicensisSterna Xema sabini Xema Alca torda Alle alle Cepphus grylle Fratercula arctica Common Name •Great Black-backed Gull Common MurreCommon Murre Thick-billed Little Gull Bonaparte’s Gull Bonaparte’s Ivory Gull KittiwakeBlack-legged Sooty Tern Franklin’s Gull Bridled Tern •Black Skimmer•Black •Least Tern Caspian Tern •Roseate Tern •Roseate Forster’s Tern Tern •Common Royal Tern •Arctic Tern Sandwich Tern Sabine’s Gull Sabine’s Alcids – Alcidae Razorbill Dovekie Black Guillemot Black Atlantic Puffin Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-17

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------M M

Winter 14

r r r o c u

Fall 14

r r r r r r o c u o o o o

Summer 14

r r r x o c u o

Spring 14

r r r r r r o c u o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IA IIC IIA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H

BCC 7 ------

N R5

R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA -

------S1 S2 S2 S4

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

E SC SC

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Columba livia Columba Zenaida macroura Zenaida carolinensis Bubo virginianus Bubo Catharus bicknelli Coccyzus americanus Tyto alba acadicus Aegolius Asio flammeus Asio otus cunicularia Athene Nyctea scandiaca Otus asio Caprimulgus vociferous minor Chordeiles pelagica Chaetura Common Name Doves – Columbidae Rock Dove •Mourning Dove •Great Horned Owl Cuckoos – Cuculidae Black-billed Cuckoo Cuckoo Yellow-billed Owls – Tytonidae Barn Owl Owls – Strigidae Northern Saw-whet owl •Short-eared Owl Long-eared Owl Burrowing Owl Snowy Owl Eastern Screech Owl Goatsuckers – Caprimulgidae Whip-poor-will Common Nighthawk Swifts – Apodidae SwiftChimney A-18 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S M

Winter 14

r r u u o

Fall 14

r r r r r r r x x u u c o o u o o u o

Summer 14

u u u u o

Spring 14

r r r r r r r r u c u o o o o o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IIC IIA IIA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H H M

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S4

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Archilochus colubris Archilochus Ceryle alcyon auratus Colaptes Melanerpes carolinus Melanerpes eurythrocephalus Empidonax virescens Mionectes olivaceus Empidonax traillii Empidonax Picoides Picoides pubescensmedianus Myiarchus crinitus Myiarchus phoebe Sayornis Myiarchus Myiarchus cinerascens Contopus virens Contopus alnorum Empidonax Empidonax flaviventris minimus Empidonax Picoides villosus Picoides Sphyrapicus varius sordidulus Contopus Common Name Hummingbirds – Trochilidae Hummingbirds – Trochilidae Ruby-throated Hummingbird Kingfishers – Alcedinidae •Belted Kingfisher – PicidaeWoodpeckers •Northern Flicker Red-bellied Woodpecker Red-headed Woodpecker Acadian FlycatcherAcadian Olive-sided Flycatcher Willow Flycatcher •Downy Woodpecker Great Crested Flycatcher Great Eastern Phoebe Ash-throated Flycatcher Eastern Wood-Pewee Alder Flycatcher Yellow-bellied Flycatcher Least Flycatcher Hairy Woodpecker Woodpecker Yellow-bellied Flycatchers – Tyrannidae Tyrant Western Wood-Pewee Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-19

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------N

Winter 14

c u u R

Fall 14

r r r r r r x x x x o u c u u c c o

Summer 14

r r r c u c c u

Spring 14

r r r r r c u o c c c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF

------

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H M

BCC 7 ------

R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Vireo solitariusVireo Corvus brachyrhynchos Lanius excubitor Lanius ludovicianusLanius philadelphicus Vireo Tyranus tyranus Tyranus verticalis Tyrannus vociferans Tyrannus Tyrannus forficatus Tyrannus Sayornis saya Corvus ossifragus Corvus Vireo griseus Vireo olivaceus Vireo Vireo flavifrons Vireo Vireo gilvus Cyanocitta cristata Eremophila alpestris Eremophila Hirundo rustica subis Progne Petrochelidon fulva Common Name Blue-headed Vireo Crows and Jays – Corvidae •American Crow Shrikes – Laniidae Northern Shrike Loggerhead Shrike Philadelphia Vireo •Eastern Kingbird Western Kingbird KingbirdCassin’s Scissor-tailed Flycatcher Say’s Phoebe Fish CrowFish White-eyed Vireo Red-eyed Vireo Vireos – VireonidaeVireos Yellow-throated Vireo VireoWarbling Blue Jay Larks – Alaudidae •Horned Lark Swallows – Hirundinidae SwallowBarn Purple Martin Cave Swallow A-20 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

MS NM

Winter 14

r c c u u u u

Fall 14

r r r a c c u o c u u u c o

Summer 14

r x o u c c c u u

Spring 14

r r o u c c c u u u o o o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IIC

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H M

BCC 7

------R5

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------E

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Petrochelidon pyrrhonota Riparia riparia Stelgidopteryx serripennis bicolor Tachycineta bicolor Baeolophus Progne tapera Progne Poecile atricapilla Poecile Sitta canadensis carolinensis Sitta palustris Cistothorus Cistothorus platensis Cistothorus Thryothorus ludovicianus Regulus satrapa Certhia americana Troglodytes aedon Troglodytes Troglodytes troglodytes Regulus calendula Common Name Cliff Swallow Bank Swallow Bank •Northern Rough-winged Swallow Swallow •Tree – ParidaeChickadees and Titmice Titmouse•Tufted Brown-chested Martin •Black-capped Chickadee Nuthatches – Sittidae Red-breasted Nuthatch Nuthatch White-breasted – Troglodytidae Wrens Marsh Wren Sedge Wren Carolina Wren Golden-crowned Kinglet Creepers – Certhiidae Creeper Brown House WrenHouse Winter Wren Kinglets – Regulidae Ruby-crowned Kinglet Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-21

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

N M

NMS

Winter 14

r r u o c o

Fall 14

r r r r x o c c u o u o c u c o u o o

Summer 14

r c c u c u

Spring 14

r r r r r r r r r c c u c u o o o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------IB IB IA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H M M HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S5 S5

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Sialia sialis migratorius Turdus Oenanthe oenanthe Dumatella carolinensis polyglottos Mimus Catharus bicknelli Hylocichla mustelina Toxostoma rufum Toxostoma Sturnus vulgaris Bombycilla cedrorum Polioptila caerulea fuscescens Catharus guttatusCatharus Catharus minimus ustulatus Catharus Anthus rubescens Dendroica caerulescens castanea Dendroica Dendroica cerulean Dendroica Common Name Eastern Bluebird •American Robin Northern Wheatear Mimids – Mimidae Catbird •Gray •Northern Mockingbird Thrushes – Turdidae Thrushes – Turdidae Bicknell’s Thrush Wood Thrush •Brown Thrasher Starlings – Sturnidae •European Starling – BombycillidaeWaxwings Cedar Waxwing Gnatcatchers – Sylviidae Gnatcatcher Blue-gray Veery Hermit Thrush Gray-cheeked Thrush Swainson’s Thrush Pipits – Motacillidae American Pipit – Parulidae - Warblers Wood Warbler Black-throated Blue Bay-breasted Warbler Cerulean Warbler A-22 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

N N N M M M M NS

NMS

Winter 14

Fall 14

r r r r r r o c u o o c o u o o o o o a o o

Summer 14

c c o

Spring 14

r r r r r r r c o u o o c u o o c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IB IA IA IIC IIA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

H H H H M HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S1 S2 S5

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

T SC SC

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Geothlypis trichas Helmitheros vermivorus agilis Oporornis formosus Oporomis Protonotaria citrea Protonotaria Seiurus aurocapillus Seiurus Dendroica pensylvanica tigrina Dendroica virens Dendroica virens Icteria Mniotilta varia Oporornis Oporornis philadelphia Parula americana Dendroica palmarum Dendroica petechiaDendroica pinusDendroica striata Dendroica Dendroica dominicaDendroica fusca Dendroica magnolia Dendroica Dendroica coronata cornata discolorDendroica Common Name •Common Yellowthroat Worm-eating Warbler Connecticut Warbler Kentucky Warbler Prothonotary Warbler Ovenbird Chestnut-sided Warbler Cape May Warbler Black-throated Green Warbler Yellow-breasted Chat Black-and-white Warbler Mourning Warbler Northern Parula Palm Warbler Palm Warbler •Yellow •Pine Warbler Warbler Blackpoll Yellow-throated Warbler Blackburnian Warbler WarblerMagnolia Yellow-rumped Warbler Prairie Warbler Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-23

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S N

M NS MS

Winter 14

Fall 14

r r r r r r r x u u o o o o o o o o

Summer 14

r c

Spring 14

r r r r r r r o o c

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IB IB IA IA IA IA IIC

BCR 30 BCR 8

------

M M M M M HH HH HH

BCC 7 ------

R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S1 S2 S5 S2 S3 S3

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G4 G4 G4

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------T E

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Vermivora celata Vermivora Vermivora chrysoptera Ammodramus nelsoni Ammodramus maritimus Seiurus noveboracensis ruticilla Setophaga pinus Vermivora Wilsonia canadensis Wilsonia citrina pusilla Wilsonia olivacea Piranga Piranga rubra Ammodramus caudacutus Ammodramus leconteii Vermivora peregrina Vermivora Vermivora ruficapilla Ammodramus savannarum Ammodramus henslowii Common Name Orange-crowned Warbler Warbler Golden-winged Nelson’s Sharp-tailed Sparrow •Seaside Sparrow Northern Waterthrush American Redstart Blue-winged Warbler Canada Warbler Warbler Hooded Warbler Wilson’s – Thraupidae Tanagers Scarlet Tanager Summer Tanager Emberizine Sparrows and Their Allies – Emberizidae •Saltmarsh Sparrow LeConte’s Sparrow Tennessee Warbler Tennessee Nashville Warbler Grasshopper Sparrow Henslow’s Sparrow A-24 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------S N

Winter 14

o o c c c o c

Fall 14

r r r r r x u c u o c c c u o u c c o u o

Summer 14

r r c c c u

Spring 14

r r r r x u u c c o c u u u

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

IIA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H

BCC

------

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S2 S5 S5 S5

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

G5 G5 G5 G5

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------T

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Calamospiza melanocorys lapponicusCalcarius Chondestes grammacus Junco hyemalis Melospiza georgiana lincolnii Melospiza melodia Melospiza Passerculus Passerculus sandwichensis nivalis Plectrophenax Pooecetes gramineus Spizella arborea Cardinalis cardinalis Zonotrichia leucophrys Passerella iliaca Passerella Pipilo erythrophthalmus pallida Spizella Spizella passerina pusillaSpizella Guiraca caerulea caerulea Passerina ciris Zonotrichia albicollis Zonotrichia Common Name Lark Bunting Lapland Longspur Lark Sparrow Dark-eyed Junco Swamp Sparrow Lincoln’s Sparrow •Song Sparrow •Savannah Sparrow Snow Bunting SparrowVesper American Sparrow Tree Cardinals and Grosbeaks – Cardinalidae •Northern Cardinal White-crowned Sparrow Fox Sparrow •Eastern Towhee Clay-colored Sparrow •Chipping Sparrow Field Sparrow Grosbeak Blue Painted Bunting White-throated Sparrow Sparrow White-throated Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-25

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

NS MS

Winter 14

r r r r r r r c c

Fall 14

r r r r r c u c u u c u o c c o c o

Summer 14

r r c u u c c c

Spring 14

r r r r r r c o o u o u c c c o

U.S. SCP U.S.

------

NAWCP

------

NAWMP

------

MANEM

------

PIF 09 PIF 9

------

III 1A 2A IIA

BCR 30 BCR 8

------H H

BCC 7 ------

R5, N

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------S4

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Legal Legal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific Spiza americana Spiza Agelaius phoeniceus Dolichonyx oryzivorus Euphagus carolinus Pheuctitus ludovicianus galbula Icterus spurius Icterus Passerina cyanea Passerina ater Molothrus Sternella magna Quiscalus quiscula Quiscalus Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Carduelis flammea tristis Carduelis Carpodacus mexicanus Carpodacus Carpodacus purpureus Coccothraustes vespertinus curvirostra Loxia leucoptera Loxia Pinicola enucleator Spinus pinus Common Name Dickcissel Blackbirds and Orioles – Icterids •Red-winged Blackbird Bobolink Rusty Blackbird Rose-breasted Grosbeak Baltimore Oriole Oriole Orchard Indigo Bunting Brown-headed Cowbird Eastern Meadowlark •Common Grackle Yellow-headed Blackbird Finches – Fringillidae Common Redpoll •American Goldfinch •House Finch Purple Finch Evening Grosbeak CrossbillRed White-winged Crossbill Pine Grosbeak SiskinPine A-26 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

15 Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC - Rep. Rep.

------

NALCC NALCC

NMS

Winter 14

Listing

Fall

c Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Summer 14

Spring

14 Rank

c 3

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

S4 SU

U.S. SCP U.S.

NAWCP

Rank

12 2

- Rarity Rarity

------

Global Global G5 G5

NAWMP 11 -

MANEM

- Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

PIF 09 PIF

BCR 30 BCR 8

- Status 1

Federal Federal ------

BCC

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA -

Rank

Global Rarity Rarity Global -

Name

Scientific Scientific Status

MA Legal Legal MA -

Status

1 Federal Legal Legal Federal -

Didelphis virginiana Didelphis Sciurus carolinensis hudsonicus Tamiasciurus striatus Tamias Blarina brevicauda Sorex cinereus fuscus Eptesicus borealisLasiurus Lasiurus cinereus Lasiurus Procyon lotor

Name Scientific Scientific

Passer domesticus Passer

Name Common Common Common Name Old World Sparrows – PasseridaeOld World •House Sparrow Opossums –Didelphidae Virginia Opossum Squirrels and Marmots – Sciuridae Tree Eastern Gray Squirrel SquirrelRed Eastern Chipmunk Shrews – Soricidae Northern Short-tailed Shrew Masked Shrew (Cinereus) Plainnose Bats – Vespertilionidae Big Brown Bat Eastern Red Bat Source: Data adapted from the Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Bird List prepared with the assistance of Blair Nikula. •Denotes species suspected to have been breeding on the refuge over the past 20 years. Hoary Bat Raccoons, Coatis, and Ringtails – Procyonidae Raccoon Table A.5. Mammal Table Known Species orSuspected onMonomoy NWR. Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-27

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species 15 Rep. Rep.

------NALCC NALCC

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank 2 Rarity Rarity

------Global Global

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific

Lutra canadensisLutra mephitis Mephitis Canis latrans vulpes Vulpes Felis catus Cystophora cristata grypus Halichoerus groenlandicus Pagophilus vitulina Phoca pennsylvanicus Microtus zibethicus Ondatra leucopus Peromyscus Mus musculus hudsonius Zapus Sylvilagus floridanus Odocoileus virginianus

Name Common Common Weasels, Mink, Martens, and Otters – Mustelidae Weasels, North American River Otter Skunks – Mephitidae Striped Skunk – Canidae Dogs, Foxes, and Wolves Eastern Coyote Red Fox Cats – Felidae Domestic Cat Hair Seals – Phocidae Seal Hooded Gray Seal Harp Seal Harbor Seal and Lemmings – Cricetidae Mice, Rats, Voles, Vole Meadow MuskratCommon White-footed Mouse Rats and Mice – Muridae Old World MouseHouse Jumping Mice – Dipodidae Mouse Jumping Meadow Hares and Rabbits – Leporidae Eastern Cottontail Elk, and Moose – Cervidae Deer, White-tailed Deer A-28 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species 15 Rep. Rep.

------NALCC NALCC

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------D

NOAA NOAA E/D E/D E/D E/D E/D E/D

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

S1 S1 S4

S1S2 S1S2 S1S2 S1S2

Rank 2 Rarity Rarity

------

Global Global G1 G3 G3

G4G5 G3G4 G3G4 G3G4

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------E E E E E E

Status

Federal Federal ------E E E E E E

Name Scientific Scientific

Physeter macrocephalus delphis Delphinus Globicephala macrorhynchus melas Globicephala griseus Grampus acutus Lagenorhynchus albirostris Lagenorhynchus Phocoena phocoena Tursiops truncatus Tursiops acutorostrata Balaenoptera Balaenoptera borealis musculus Balaenoptera Balaenoptera physalus Megaptera novaeangliae glacialisEubalaena

Name Common Common Sperm Whale – Physeteridae Sperm Whale Dolphins and Porpoises – Delphinidae Short-Beaked Common Dolphin Short-finned Pilot Whale Long-finned Dolphin Dolphin Risso’s Atlantic White-sided Dolphin White-beaked Dolphin Porpoise Harbor Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife, State Mammal List—Species Distribution, in addition to staff observations of wildlife on the refuge. Northern Bottlenose Dolphin Finback Whales - Balaenopteridae Minke Whale Sei Whale WhaleBlue Fin Whale Whale Humpback Right and Bowhead Whales - Balaenidae North Atlantic Right Whale Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-29 Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge 15 ------NALCC Rep. Species ------3 MA Rarity Rank ------2 Global Rarity Rank ------1 MA Legal Status 1 ------Federal Status Scientific Name Papilio glaucus Papilio polyxenes Papilio Colias eurytheme Colias philodice Colias Phoebis sennae Phoebis Pieris rapae Callophrys augustinus Celastrina ladon Celastrina Celastrina neglecta Celastrina Lycaena phlaeas Lycaena Cercyonis pegala Cercyonis Euptoieta claudia Euptoieta Junonia coenia Limenitis archippus Nymphalis antiopa Nymphalis Phyciodes tharos Phyciodes Polygonia interrogationis Polygonia Vanessa atalanta Vanessa cardui Vanessa Vanessa virginiensis Vanessa Common Name Swallowtails – Papilionidae Eastern Tiger Swallowtail Black SwallowtailBlack Whites, Sulphurs, and Orange Tips – PieridaeWhites, Sulphurs, and Orange Tips SulphurOrange Clouded Sulphur Cloudless Sulphur Cloudless Cabbage White Cabbage Gossamer-winged Butterflies - Lycaenidae Butterflies - Gossamer-winged Elfin Brown Spring Azure ‘Summer’ Spring Azure American Copper Brush-footed Butterflies – Nymphalidae NymphCommon Wood Variegated Fritillary Common Buckeye Viceroy Mourning Cloak Pearl Crescent Question Mark Red AdmiralRed Painted Lady American Lady Table A.6. Butterfly Table Mothand Known Species Suspected or Monomoyon NWR. A-30 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge 15 - - -

NALCC Rep. Species

Species 15 Rep. Rep.

------NALCC NALCC 3 MA Rarity Rank - - - 2

Global Rarity Rank

Rank

3 MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

- - -

Rank 2 Rarity Rarity

MA Legal Status ------Global Global

Status

- 1 - - MA Legal Legal MA ------

Federal Status

Status

Federal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific

Scientific Name Danaus plexippus Enallagma civile Ischnura hastata Euphyes vestris Euphyes Ischnura posita Urbanus proteus Urbanus Ischnura ramburii Ischnura Ischnura verticalis Ischnura Anax junius Anax Epiaeschna heros Epiaeschna Celithemis elisa Erythemis simplicicollis Erythemis Erythrodiplax berenice Erythrodiplax Libellula needhami Libellula pulchella Libellula semifasciata

Name Common Common Common Name Milkweed Butterflies - Danaidae Monarch Pond Damsel – Coenagrionidae •Familiar Bluet Citrine Forktail Skippers – Hesperiidae SkipperDun Fragile Forktail Long-tailed Skipper Rambur’s Forktail Source: Data assembled from observations of Massachusetts Butterfly Club members at Monomoy NWR from 1991 to 2010. •Eastern Forktail Darner – Aeshnidae Common Green Darner Swamp Darner Skimmer – Libellulidae Calico Pennant Eastern Pondhawk •Seaside Dragonlet •Needham’s Skimmer Twelve-spotted Skimmer Painted Skimmer Table A.7. Dragonfly DamselflyA.7. and Known Species orSuspected Table onMonomoy NWR. Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-31

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

Species 15

Rep. Rep. Rep. Rep.

------NALCC NALCC NALCC NALCC

Rank

Rank 3 3

MA Rarity Rarity MA MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank Rank

2 2

Rarity Rarity Rarity

------Global Global Global

G4T2

Status Status

1 1

MA Legal Legal MA MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Status 1 1

Federal Federal - Federal ------

Name Name

Scientific Scientific Scientific Scientific

Libellula vibrans Libellula Cicindela dorsalis dorsalis Pachydiplax longipennis Pachydiplax hirticollis hirticollis Cicindela Pantala flavescens Pantala Cicindela hirticollis rhodensis Cicindela Pantala hymenaea Pantala Cicindela marginata Perithemis tenera Perithemis Cicindela repanda Plathemis lydia Sympetrum corruptum Sympetrum costiferum Sympetrum Sympetrum internum/rubicundulumSympetrum Tramea calverti Tramea Tramea carolina Tramea Tramea lacerata

Name Name

Common Common Common Common Great Blue Skimmer Beetles - Carabidae Ground Beetles, Scarab and Tiger •Northeastern tiger beach beetle Blue Dasher •Hairy-necked Tiger Beetle Wandering Glider •Hairy-necked Tiger Beetle (subspecies) Spot-winged Glider •Saltmarsh Tiger Beetle Eastern Amberwing Bronzed Tiger Beetle Source: Data collected from Northeastern Tiger Beach Beetle Surveys completed by Neil Kapitulik. •Denotes species suspected to have been breeding on the refuge over the past 20 years. Common Whitetail Variegated Meadowhawk •Saffron-bordered Meadowhawk Cherry-faced (Ruby) Meadowhawk Striped Saddlebags Carolina Saddlebags Black Saddlebags Source: Data collected from observations by Blair Nikula of Odonata on the refuge. •Denotes species suspected to have been breeding on the refuge over the past 20 years. Table A.8. Tiger Table Beetle Known Species orSuspected onMonomoy NWR. A-32 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 9.7 0.7 0.5 0.2 NA NA NA NA NA NA 67.5 77.9 35.9

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 69 1.2 1.5 0.5 NA NA NA NA NA NA 27.7 88.2 44.3

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rarity Rank Rarity

Global Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific spp. spp. Majidae

Stomatopoda

Ampelisca abdita Ampelisca Gammarus Ovalipes ocellatus Ovalipes Callinectes sapidus Callinectes Carcinus maenasCarcinus Cancer irroratus Cancer borealis Family Calappa flammea Calappa Paguroidea Paguroidea longicarpus Pagurus Homarus americanus Homarus Crangon septemspinosa Crangon Order - Amphipods – Ampeliscidae Amphipods – Gammaridae Scuds Lady (Calico) Crab True Crabs – Portunidae True Crab Blue Green Crab Green Atlantic Rock Crab True Crabs – Cancridae True Crab Jonah True Crabs – Majidae True Spider Crab unclassified True Crabs – Calappidae True Flame Box Crab Hermit Crabs – Paguridae Hermit Crab unclassified Long-clawed Hermit Crab Lobster – Nephropsidae American Lobster Shrimp – Crangonidae ShrimpSand Common Name Mantis Shrimp Mantis Shrimp unclassified Table A.9. Crustacean Table Known Species orSuspected onMonomoy NWR. Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-33

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC - - - - -

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall NA NA NA NA NA NA

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

(%)

6 0

Fall Fall 1.7 0.7 0.2 4.8

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring NA NA NA NA NA NA

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 1.7 5.1 0.3 2.3 AFS Status AFS

------

AFS Status AFS

Listing

4 - - - - - Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

- - - - - Rank

NOAA NOAA 3

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA - - - - - Rarity Rank Rarity

Global Global ------

Rank 2 Rarity Rarity

- - - - - Status

Global Global 1

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA - - - - - Status

Federal Federal ------

Status

Federal Federal - - - - -

Name

Scientific Scientific

Name Scientific Scientific Acanthohaustorius millsi Acanthohaustorius smithi Oxyurostylis Chirodotea coeca Haustorius canadensis Dastylis polita triloba Edotea

Modiolus modiolus Argopecten irradians Mytilus edulis Placopecten magellanicus Artica islandica Name

------Common Common Common Name Amphipods – Haustoriidae Arthropods – Diastylidae Arthropods – Idoteidae Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Nantucket Sound Spring and Fall Trawl SurveysFlounder from Seine 1978 Surveys to 2010; 1976 to 2010; the Nantucket Sound Weiss 1995; Estuarine Winter and Leavitt and Peters 2005. Bivalves – Mytilidae Northern Horse Mussel* Bivalves – Pectinidae Scallop Bay Blue Mussel*Blue Sea Scallop Bivalves – Articidae QuahogOcean Table A.10. Bivalve Species Known Species Suspectedor Bivalve A.10. Monomoy on NWR.Table A-34 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

Species 15

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC

- Rep. NALCC ------

- -

(%)

6 (%)

Occurrence Occurrence

Fall Fall 3.1 0.5 NA NA NA NA NA

NA Fall 48.7 53.8

(%)

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 3.6 0.2 NA NA NA NA NA

NA Spring 54.7 26.4

AFS Status AFS

AFS Status AFS 5

------

- -

Listing

Listing 4

Fisheries Fisheries Fisheries Fisheries

------

- - NOAA NOAA NOAA NOAA

Rank Rank

3 3

MA Rarity Rarity MA - Rarity MA ------

- -

Rank Rarity Rank Rarity

2 2

Rarity Rarity

Global Global - -

------

Global Global

Status 1

Status MA Legal Legal MA

1 - -

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Federal - -

Status

Federal Federal ------

Name

Scientific Scientific Name Scientific Scientific

Busycotypus canaliculatus Busycotypus Busycon carica Gemma gemma solidissima Spisula Ensis directus Mya arenaria balthicaMacoma agilis Tellina Solemya velum Mercenaria mercenaria Mercenaria Periploma papyratium Periploma

Name Name

Common Common Common Common - Amethyst Gem Clam Bivalves – Mactridae Atlantic Surf Clam Bivalves – Solenidae Razor Clam Bivalves – Myidae Softshell Clam Bivalves – Tellinidae Baltic Clam Northern Dwarf Tellin Bivalves – Solemyidae Atlantic Awning Clam Bivalves – Periplomatidae Bivavles – Verneridae Northern Quahog Shelled Gastropods - Melongenidae WhelkChanneled Knobbed Whelk Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Nantucket Sound Spring and Fall Trawl SurveysFlounder from Seine 1978 Surveys to 2010; 1976 to 2010; the Nantucket Sound Weiss 1995; Estuarine Winter and Leavitt and Peters 2005. Table A.11. Miscellaneous Marine InvertebrateMarine Miscellaneous at Species Monomoy A.11. NWR. Table Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-35

Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Species

NALCC Rep. Rep. NALCC ------

(%) 6 Occurrence Occurrence

0 0

Fall Fall 0.5 8.2 NA NA NA 23.1 99.8 NA NA

(%) 6

Occurrence Occurrence

Spring Spring 0.8 0.3 3.2 NA NA NA 20.7 24.4 90.5 NA NA

AFS Status AFS

------

Listing 4 Fisheries Fisheries

------NOAA NOAA

Rank

MA Rarity Rarity MA ------

Rarity Rank Rarity

Global Global ------

Status

MA Legal Legal MA ------

Status

Federal Federal ------

Name Scientific Scientific spp.

Strongylocentrotus Strongylocentrotus drobachiensis Acteocina canaliculata Loligo pealaii Illex illecebrosus Limulus polyphemus Limulus Illyanassa obsoletus Anachis avara Hydrobia Family Naticidae Neverita (Polynices) duplicata Euspira heros Euspira

Name Common Common - - Sea Urchins – Strongylocentrotidae Sea urchin unclassified (Green Urchin) Source: Data assembled from the Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Nantucket Sound Spring and Fall Trawl SurveysWinter from 1978 Flounder to Seine 2010 Surveys and the Nantucket 1976 Sound to 2010; Estuarine Weiss 1995; Leavitt and Peters 2005. Chalice Bubble Snails – Cylichnidae Barrel-bubbleChanneled Squids and Octopuses - Loliginidae Longfin Squid Squids and Octopuses – Ommastrephidae Northern Shortfin Squid Horseshoe Crabs – Limulidae Crab Horseshoe Mud Snails – Nassariidae Eastern Mudsnail Dove Snails – Columbellidae Dove Snails Mud Snails – Hydrobiidae Moon Snail/Shark Eye* Moon Snails – Naticidae Northern Moonsnail A-36 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Table A.12. Miscellaneous Terrestrial Invertebrates Known to be Present on Monomoy NWR. Order/Class Examples of species within the order that may occur on the refuge Amphipoda Amphipods Arachnida Harvestmen, mites, ticks, spiders Diptera Flies Hymenoptera Sawflies, ichneumons, chalcids, ants, wasps, bees Neuroptera Dobsonflies, fishflies, alderflies, lacewings, antlions Orthoptera Grasshoppers, crickets, cockroaches, mantids, walkingsticks Siphonoptera Fleas Zoraoptera Zorapterans Source: Data assembled from the Effects of Herring Gulls and Great Black-backed Gulls on Breeding Piping Plovers, South Monomoy Island, Massachusetts, Keane 2002.

Table A.13. Marine Worms Known or Suspected at Monomoy NWR. Common Name Scientific Name Phylum Nemertea Milky Ribbon Worm Cerebratulus lacteus Micruran Nemerteans Micrura spp. Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Capitellidae - Capitella capitata - Heteromastus filifomis Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Orbiniidae - Scoloplos fragilis - Scoloplos acutus - Scoloplos robustus Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Nereidae Common Clam Worm Nereis succinea - Nereis arenaceodonta Sandworm Nereis virens Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Chaetopteridae - Spiochaetopterus oculatus Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Maldanidae Bamboo Worm Clymenella torquata Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Glyceridae Common Blood Worm Glycera dibranchiata Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Pectinaridae Trumpet Worm Pectinaria gouldii Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Arenicolidae Lugworm Arenicola marina

Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-37 Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Common Name Scientific Name Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Lumbrineridae Thread Worms Lumbrineris tenuis Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Nephtyidae Red-Lined Worms Nephtys picta Red-Lined Worms Nephtys caeca Red-Lined Worms Nephtys bucera Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Phyllodocidae Paddle Worms Eteone heteropoda Paddle Worms Phyllodoce mucosa Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Spionidae - Spio setosa Bee Spionid Spiophanes bombyx Strebelospio benedictii Mud Worm Polydora cornuta - Scolepsis squamata - Pygospio elegans - Prionospio heterobranchia Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Oligochaeta - Phyllodrilus monospermathecus - Monophylephorus irroratus Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Echinodermata - Leptosynapta inhaerens Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Hemichordata Acorn Worm Saccoglosus kowaleskii Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Syllidae - Syllides verrilli - Brania wellfleetensis Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Cirratulidae Fringed Worms Tharyx spp. Phylum Annelida – Class Polychaeta – Family Paraonidae Paraonid Worms Paranois fulgens Source: Weiss 1995; and Leavitt and Peters 2005

1 Federal and State Legal Status Codes (under Federal and Massachusetts Endangered Species Lists): E=Endangered; T=Threatened; SC=State Species of Special Concern; C=Candidate Species.

2 Natureserve Global Conservation Status Ranks: G1=Critically Imperiled; G2=Imperiled; G3=Vulnerable; G4=Apparently Secure; G5=Secure; T#=Infraspecific Taxon (MA DFG 2006).

A-38 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

3 Massachusetts Rarity Rank: S =Critically Imperiled; S2=Imperiled; S3=Either very rare or uncommon, vulnerable; S4=Widespread, abundant, apparently secure; S5=Secure; SNR=Unranked; N=Non-Breeding; SNA=Not Applicable; SU=Unrankable (MA DFG 2006).

4 NOAA Fisheries Office of Protected Resources: E=Endangered; T=Threatened; P=Proposed; C=Candidate; S=Species of Concern; F=Foreign; D=Depleted; DL=Delisted.

5 American Fisheries Society’s Marine, Estuarine, and Diadromous Fish stocks at Risk of Extinction: E=Endangered; T=Threatened; V=Vulnerable; CD=Conservation Dependent (Musick et al. 2000).

6 NA: indicates that there is no available data on this species included in trawl report and species was identified as one that should be included anyway.

*: indicates that summary data may be incomplete (per this DMF and observations for all years and/or recorded under additional species codes in 1 or more years).

7 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Division of Migratory Birds, Birds of Conservation Concern for Region 5 (Northeast) (USFWS 2008). R5=Species identified as a species of conservation concern in Region 5; N=Species identified as a species of conservation concern nationally.

8 Bird Conservation Region 30: New England/Mid-Atlantic Coast Conservation Priority Category (ACJV 2007). HH=Highest Priority; H=High Priority; M=Moderate Priority.

9 Partners in Flight (PIF) Bird Conservation Plan for Southern New England: Physiographic Area 09 (Dettmers and Rosenberg 2000). IA=High continental priority and high regional responsibility; IB=High continental priority and low regional responsibility; IIA=High regional concern; IIC=High regional threats; III=Additional Watch List

10 Waterbird Conservation Plan for the Mid-Atlantic/New England/Maritimes Region: 2006-2010, MANEM Waterbird Working Group. HH=Highest conservation concern; H=High conservation concern; M=Moderate conservation concern; L=Low conservation concern.

11 North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP), Atlantic Coast Joint Venture, Waterfowl Implementation Plan, Revision June 2005 (Draft). H=High; MH=Moderate High; M=Moderate; ML=Moderate Low; AO=Above Objective.

12 North American Waterbird Conservation Plan (NAWCP), Categories of Conservation Concern (Kushlan et al. 2002). HI=Highly Imperiled; HC=High Concern; MC=Moderate Concern; LC=Low Concern; NR=Not Currently At Risk; IL=Information Lacking.

13 U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan, Conservation Category Codes (Brown et al. 2001, Clark and Niles 2000). 5=Highly imperiled; 4=Species of high concern; 3=Species of moderate concern; 2=Species of low concern; 1=Species not at risk.

14 Spring, Summer, Fall, Winter Relative Abundance: a=abundant; c=common; u=uncommon; o=occasional; r=rare; and x=accidental.

15 North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Representative Species (NALCC): N=Northern; NALCC Representative; M=Mid NALCC Representative; S=Southern NALCC Representative.

Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-39 Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Literature Cited Atlantic Coast Joint Venture (ACJV). 2007. Bird Conservation Plan for New England/Mid-Atlantic Coast Bird Conservation Region (BCR 30) Implementation Plan. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Laurel, MD. http://www.acjv.org/BCR_30/BCR30_June_23_2008_ final.pdf; accessed April 2012.

---. 2005. Draft North American Waterfowl Management Plan (NAWMP), Atlantic Coast Joint Venture, Waterfowl Implementation Plan, Revision June 2005. Hadley, MA. 529 pp. + appendices. http://www.acjv. org/planning.htm; accessed April 2012.

Brown, S., C. Hickey, B. Harrington, and R. Gill, eds. 2001. The U.S. Shorebird Conservation Plan, 2nd ed. Manomet Center for Conservation Sciences, Manomet, MA. http://www.fws.gov/shorebirdplan/USShorebird/ downloads/USShorebirdPlan2Ed.pdf; accessed March 2012.

Cardoza, J.E. and P.G. Mirick. 2009. Fauna of Massachusetts Series No. 3. Massachusetts Division of Fisheries and Wildlife. http://www.mass.gov/dfwele/dfw/wildlife/facts/reptiles/herp_list.htm; accessed January 2012.

Clark, K.E., and L.J. Niles. 2000. Northern Atlantic Regional Shorebird Plan. Version 1.0. Northern Atlantic Shorebird Habitat Working Group. Woodbine, NJ. 28 pp.

Dettmers, R. and K.V. Rosenberg. 2000. Partners In Flight Bird Conservation Plan for The Southern New England (Physiographic Region 09), version 1.0. American Bird Conservancy, Ithaca, NY. 52 pp. http://www. partnersinflight.org/bcps/pl_09sum.htm; accessed April 2012.

Kapitulik, Neil. 2008 to 2012. Personal observations.

Keane, S.E. 2002. Effects of herring gulls and great black-backed gulls on breeding piping plovers, South Monomoy Island, Massachusetts. Master of Science Thesis. Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-12022002-152208/unrestricted/KeaneETD.pdf; accessed April 2012.

King, J.R., M.J. Camisa, and V.M. Manfredi. 2010. Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries Trawl Survey Effort, Lists of Species Recorded, and Bottom Temperature Trends, 1978-2007. Massachusetts Division of Marine Fisheries, Technical Report TR-38.http://www.mass.gov/dfwele/dmf/publications/tr_38.pdf; accessed April 2012.

Kushlan J.A., M.J. Steinkamp, K.C. Parsons, J. Capp, M. Acosta Cruz, M. Coulter, I. Davidson, L. Dickson, N. Edelson, R. Elliot, R.M. Erwin, S. Hatch, S. Kress, R. Milko, S. Miller, K. Mills, R. Paul, R. Phillips, J.E. Saliva, B. Sydeman, J. Trap, J. Wheeler, and K. Wohl. 2002. Waterbird Conservation for the Americas: The North American Waterbird Conservation Plan, Version 1. Waterbird Conservation for the Americas, Washington, D.C. http://www.waterbirdconservation.org/nawcp.html; accessed April 2012.

Leavitt, D.F. and K. Peters. 2005. Soft Shell Clams, Migratory Shorebirds and the Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge. Report submitted to USFWS Eastern Massachusetts National Wildlife Refuge Complex, Sudbury, 100 pp.

Massachusetts Butterfly Club. 1991 to 2012. Personal observations.

Massachusetts Department of Fish and Game (MA DFG). 2006. Massachusetts Comprehensive Wildlife Conservation Strategy. Department of Fish and Game, Executive Office of Environmental Affairs. 791 pp. http://www.mass.gov/dfwele/dfw/habitat/cwcs/pdf/mass_cwcs_ final.pdf; accessed April 2012.

Mid-Atlantic/New England/Maritimes (MANEM) Waterbird Working Group. 2006. Waterbird Conservation Plan for the Mid-Atlantic/New England/Maritimes Region: 2006-2010. Waterbird Conservation for the Americas. http://www.pwrc.usgs.gov/nacwcp/manem.html; accessed April 2012.

Mid-Atlantic/New England/Maritimes (MANEM) Waterbird Working Group. 2006b. Draft Mid-Atlantic/ New England / Maritimes Waterbird Conservation Plan: Species Profiles. Waterbird Conservation for the Americas. http://www.fws.gov/birds/waterbirds/MANEM/Species%20Profiles.htm; accessed April 2012.

A-40 Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge Final Comprehensive Conservation Plan and Environmental Impact Assessment Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge

Musick, J.A., M.M. Harbin, S.A. Berkeley, G.H. Burgess, A.M. Eklund, L. Findley, R.G. Gilmore, J.T. Golden, D.S. Ha, G.R. Huntsman, J.C. McGovern, S.J. Parker, S.G. Poss, E. Sala, T.W. Schmidt, G.R. Sedberry, H. Weeks, and S.G. Wright. 2000. Marine, Estuarine and Diadromous Fish Stocks at Risk of Extinction in North America (Exclusive of Pacific Salmonids). Fisheries 25(11): 6-30.

National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS). 2009. Amendment 1 to the consolidated Highly Migratory Species Fishery Management Plan http://www.nmfs.noaa.gov/sfa/hms/EFH/Final/FEIS_Amendment_1_Chapter5. pdf#page=SD; accessed January 2013.

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). Office of Protected Resources. http://www.nmfs. noaa.gov/pr/species/; accessed April 2012.

New England Fishery Management Council (NEFMC). 2012. Draft Omnibus Essential Fish Habitat Amendment 2, Amendment 14 to the Northeast Multispecies Fishery Management Plan (FMP), Amendment 14 to the Atlantic Sea Scallop FMP, Amendment 3 to the Atlantic Herring FMP, Amendment 2 to the Red Crab FMP, Amendment 2 to the Skate FMP, Amendment 3 to the Atlantic Salmon FMP. http://www.nefmc. org/habitat/index.html; accessed January 2013.

Nikula, Blair. 2011. Personal Communication.

North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative. 2012. http://www.northatlanticlcc.org/rep_species.html; accessed March 2012.

Partners in Amphibian and Reptile Conservation (PARC). 2004. Draft National State Wildlife Agency Herpetological Conservation Report. 131 pp. http://www.parcplace.org/documents/PARCNationalStates2004. pdf; accessed April 2012.

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2008. Birds of Conservation Concern 2008. United States Department of Interior, Fish and Wildlife Service, Division of Migratory Bird Management, Arlington, Virginia. 85 pp. http://www.fws.gov/migratorybirds/; accessed April 2012.

Waterbird Conservation for the Americas. 2006. Conservation Status and Distribution of Solitary-Nesting Waterbird Species. [A Species-level Categorization Relative to All Waterbirds and Derived Within the Spatial Context of the NAWCP Area.] Washington, D.C. http://www.waterbirdconservation.org/pdfs/status_ assessment/FinalStatusandDistributionMarshbirdsTable.pdf; accessed April 2012.

Weiss, H.M. 1995. Marine Animals of Southern New England and New York: Identification Keys to Common Nearshore and Shallow Water Macrofauna. Bulletin 115 of the State Geological and Natural History Survey of Connecticut, CT.

Appendix A. Animal Species Known or Suspected on Monomoy National Wildlife Refuge A-41