Ireland at 1718: Society in Transition the turn of 1718: Society in Transition the Century Top Left: Portrait of James II Above Right: Etching of Louis XIV of (c.1684) by Sir Godfrey Kneller, Bt. France, published by John Smith, ©National Portrait Gallery, London c.1683–1729. Louis’ support of James Much of the legislation, especially the 1703 and 1709 Acts to Parliament invited The War of the Two Kings (1688–1691) II was part of an ongoing conflict The Penal Laws and The replacement of James II by William William and Mary to Above, Left: Etching by Romeyn de between France and William of Orange. Prevent the Further Growth of Popery, restricted many aspects replace James II as In France, James II was offered military assistance by Hooghe (c.1689) showing William ©National Portrait Gallery, London Protestant Ascendancy of daily life for Roman Catholics, including religious practices, of Orange as the king of England, of Orange and Mary Stuart as King King Louis XIV before crossing to Ireland where he was joint monarchs of and Queen of England, Ireland Top Right: Execution of United Irishman, Although the 1689 Bill of Rights excluded James II and his son education, family matters, socialising in groups, eligibility to Ireland and Scotland in 1688 was seen England, Ireland and widely supported. James intended to use Ireland as a and Scotland. Francis J McKinley, Dervock, hung in vote, legal representation, ownership of property and the ©National Portrait Gallery, London Coleraine for his part in 1798 Rebellion. from the thrones of England, Ireland and Scotland, the Stuarts springboard to reconquer England and Scotland. However, as a Glorious Revolution by many Scotland. James II fled Watercolour by J. W. Carey, 1904. continued to claim the title of King. Their claim was supported practicing of trades. to France, the most following the unsuccessful Siege of Derry (1688–1689), by Catholic France and, from 1691–1766, by the Pope. Presbyterians, Methodists and other dissenting Protestants Protestants. For Roman Catholics and powerful Catholic state James’ forces were narrowly defeated at the Boyne (1690), also found their lives more difficult under the new laws. in Europe, gaining decisively beaten at Aughrim (1691) and ultimately Papal support for the Stuart dynasty was a threat to the dissenting Protestants, it led to a loss Anyone who refused to swear oaths recognising the Protestant support from King surrendered in Limerick (1691). Protestant monarchy as Catholics were, in theory, obliged to Many Ulster Protestants sought shelter in Londonderry succession and acknowledging the monarch as the head of the of power, rights, and many lives. Louis XIV. Parliament support the Stuarts. The Irish Catholic majority were therefore During the war, Coleraine was briefly besieged by including George Canning of Garvagh with his local regiment, Church, or who failed to reject transubstantiation (that during passed an English Bill viewed with suspicion by the Anglican dominated Parliaments forces loyal to James II before lack of ammunition and the young James McGregor and his family from Magilligan, Mass, the sacrament becomes the body and blood of Christ), of Rights which barred in both London and Dublin. provisions caused the defenders to withdraw. The bridge and Helen Macnaghten of Benvardin with her young children. was penalised. Only Quakers were excused from giving oaths. King James II and William of Orange Roman Catholics from at Coleraine was destroyed, as were three bridges in In the 1690s, bad weather and poor harvests in Scotland the royal succession, Like many Presbyterians, Lieutenant Matthew Clark of In the second half of the 1680s, the English parliament Newtown-Limavady. Newtown-Limavady itself was burned. resulted in famine and led to massive emigration to Ulster. The first Penal Laws were repealed in 1771. However, limited royal power, Kilrea, and Thomas Ball, William Caldwell, John Barr and became ever more concerned with the actions of James The enlarged Scottish Presbyterian population in legislation remained restrictive and was a major factor leading and established the Abraham Blair from Ballymoney, signed up to fight on Stuart, a king who ruled increasingly without their consent. the north of Ireland was also seen as a threat to the to the rebellion of the United Irishmen in 1798. The repeal of rights of Parliament. behalf of William. However, all were disillusioned by the His earlier conversion to Catholicism and, now, his policy of Anglican establishment. the last of the Penal Laws was not finalised until 1920. religious toleration and the promotion of Catholics to senior restrictive laws imposed after the war and later joined positions, aroused suspicion among the predominantly the migration to America. In response, the Dublin Parliament enacted a series of Anglican English. The birth of his son James Francis Edward Penal Laws after 1695 which restricted most rights, and all Stuart in 1688 – a Catholic heir – prompted Parliament to act. power, to members of the established Church of Ireland while penalising non-Anglicans. James’ eldest daughter, Mary, was a Protestant married Above, Right: Draft Declaration of Below: To fund his campaign Jacobites – In support of to her cousin William, Prince of Orange, Stadtholder of the Rights, 12th February 1689. against William, James II produced Courtesy Parliamentary Archives, HL/PO/JO/10/1/403D emergency coins by melting down James II and the Stuarts. Netherlands and the leading Protestant ruler in Europe. cannons, church bells and other Bottom: The Grand Alliance. In 1690, metals. Known as gun money, they Following the Williamite Wars, many Irish soldiers Ireland was just one theatre in a were to be exchanged for good silver left for continental Europe where they formed wider conflict between France and a following James II’s victory. coalition of European powers, fought Courtesy of Dr J.F. Rainey Irish Brigades in the armies of France and Spain. across Europe, North America, the An estimated 450,000 Irishmen served in the Caribbean and India. French army between 1691 and 1745. Several attempts were made by Jacobites to restore the Stuarts, most notably by landing troops in Scotland in 1715 and 1745.
Randal McDonnell, 4th Earl of Antrim was imprisoned as a suspected Jacobite in 1715. The playwright William Phillips (son of Sir Thomas Members of the Grand Alliance Phillips) from Newtown-Limavady, wrote several plays including Hibernia Freed (1722) which showed The Kingdom of France Jacobite leanings. In 1745, the blind harper Denis O’Hempsey, from Garvagh, played for the Jacobite
Y INGRIA prince, Bonnie Prince Charlie. He later admitted that A
W he kept a Jacobite hat badge at his father’s house, R ESTONIA
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N ready for the return of the Stuart kings.
- N DE K E S R W C S LIVONIA However, enforcement of the Penal Laws made O North A T
M L a CO A U Sea N e RL it impossible for Catholics to rise in support of the N A E S ND D
D ic Stuarts. Without foreign aid, there would be no lt Ba large scale Jacobite rebellion in Ireland.
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E S R H DUTC Above: Reproduction of the Relief of Below: The relief of the Siege of Derry, SAXONY SILESIA Derry, by George Frederick Folingsby July 1689 by the Mountjoy and the SPANISH NETH. (c.1889). Lady Macnaghten of Phoenix. The siege started in December 1688 when Alexander McDonnell, nnel Benvarden is shown centre right Fact or Fiction? Cha BOHEMIA ish with a child in her arms, pointing 3rd Earl of Antrim, attempted to secure ngl MORAVIA E towards the ships on the Foyle. the city for James II. HABSBURG On his way to Londonderry in 1689, James II A Courtesy Cuil Rathain Historical and Cultural Centre RI ZAPORIZHIA VA stayed for three days in Ballymoney. There, A B HUNGARY MOLDOVIA LORRAINE AUSTRIA he is said to have taken a shine to a farmer’s MONARCHY FRANCE SWISS TYROL daughter who subsequently gave birth to a CONFEDERATION
n E a IC daughter, Dorothea. Dorothea married a Coleraine RE EN BANAT e SA P. OF V Bay of V c O CRIMEA merchant, Mr Ross, but died in 1713, possibly Y O Biscay WALLACHIA ic during child birth. Is there any truth to the story? Above: Cover of the 1703 Act to t AVIGNON TUSCANY Prevent the Further Growth of Popery.
P Adriatic Sea n A Black Her gravestone at Ballywillan graveyard does bear P RAGUSA a A Courtesy Linen Hall library l L Sea t S the Stuart coat of arms. T A O A T E T Right The blind harper Denis O’Hempsey CORSICA S T OM (1695–1807). N James McGregor took refuge in Derry during the A A P N CROWN L E siege. It was later said that he fired a canon from S EM L OF SPANISH MONARCHY PI the tower of St Columb’s Cathedral to announce the A R
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U CASTILE arrival of the Mountjoy and Phoenix, and the relief of
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O the city. He was later ordained as the Presbyterian P ANATOLIA Mediterranean Sea SICILY minister in Aghadowey and would play a leading role in the 1718 migration to North America.
CYPRUS CANADA MAINE
Bangor
Newry Belfast
Merrymeeting Bay Brunswick Freeport VERMONT 1718: Bann Valley Emigration Casco Bay 1718: Bann Valley Emigration
NEW HAMPSHIRE PORTSMOUTH Londonderry Derry Windham Colrain Dracut Lowell Left: Petition to Governor Samuel Shute from ‘Inhabitants of the MASSACHUSETTS BOSTON North of Ireland’, 26 March 1718. WORCHESTER Courtesy of the New Hampshire Sutton Bann Valley Historical Society Right: Ulster settlements RHODE in New England in the CONNECTICUT ISLAND eighteenth century. Information courtesy Dr L. Lunney Voluntown & Dr W. Roulston New London ULSTER SHOWN TO THE SAME SCALE
MARTHA’S Chilmark Emigration VINEYARD
In the summer of 1718, James McGregor (born Magilligan New settlers faced challenges not least from the Native Aghadowey After 1718 Extract In early 1718, due to a succession circa 1677), minister in Aghadowey, along with a large part of Americans. Reverend Woodside’s garrison in Brunswick his congregation, left for the New England colonies ‘boarding provided refuge during an attack in 1722. John Dinsmore When Reverend John Elder was ordained in Aghadowey 7th To Mrs A.C.H., an account of the Authors of poor harvests, cattle disease, higher brig ‘William’ at Coleraine’, according to Reverend T.H. Mullin. from Ballywattick, Ballymoney, was captured and May 1723, there were only three elders compared to twenty in manner of spending her time: rents and the Penal Laws, emigrations It is estimated that at least 100 families departed from released by Native Americans. Other challenges included McGregor’s time. Within a year this appears to have increased Coleraine and Londonderry. the poor land they were granted, civil and religious difficulties, to fourteen. Reverend Elder was drawn into the debate led by Presbyterian ministers were opposition from other settlers and being far away from between subscribers to the Westminster Confession of Faith, When far from you, dear Anna, placed, Arriving in Boston, where supplies for the locals were already families and friends. (the standard of Presbyterian Church) and non-subscribers being planned. short, and for other reasons, the new settlers were moved on. (that ministers should not be required to declare their belief Think not my life I idly waste;
McGregor and his congregation had to split up; some went on Families were emigrating to north America before 1718 and in any form of doctrine drawn up by men). Members of the A petition dated 26th March 1718 was sent to the Governor to Nutfield (later renamed Londonderry); others settled in the continued long after. The significance of 1718 is that this congregation started to leave in 1724 as Elder appeared to But when I tell you how it’s pass’d, of Massachusetts seeking encouragement to emigrate. Massachusetts, Connecticut and coastal areas of Maine. was the first organised migration of Scots and Irish-born be favourable towards the non-subscribers issuing, in 1725, Reverend Elder would remain in 319 signed the petition including nine ministers, it was carried Presbyterians to the north of America. You’ll say it is an odd contrast, a pamphlet calling for moderation in the debate. Aghadowey until his death in 1779. by Reverend William Boyd from Macosquin. He received the At the beginning of September 1718 Maccallum arrived in In 1735 as evidence of his good encouragement required from the colonial government in Boston and went onto Merrymeeting Bay, Maine. On board And that I strangely spend my time circumstances, he rented the townland Boston, who thought Ulster settlers could be placed on the were 20 families with Reverend James Woodside of Dunboe. of Ruskey - 66 acres at a yearly rent of Between the mean and the sublime. outer reaches of their colony. £18 3s. He also rented 65 acres at Right: The places in Ulster I oft forsake both Pope and Swift associated with the 1718 migration MAP SHOWING THE MAIN AREAS IN ULSTER AFFECTED Landagivey at £17 a year. His daughter to New England. BY THE 1718 MIGRATION TO NEW ENGLAND Olivia (1735–1780), whilst maintaining The house to sweep, and Pots to lift; Information courtesy Dr L. Lunney & Dr W.Roulston the household for her father, clearly had access to education and a household With Princely Queensb’ry leave his Gay, of books. A manuscript of her poems ‘ to avoid oppression and cruel bondage, to shun also reveals her social connections with To call the folks from making hay; prominent families in the area at the time. Or Young upon the morning Star persecution and designed ruin, to withdraw from the To help the boy down with a Car communion of idolators and to have an opportunity Quit Tragick Queens in all their clutter, And help to churn, or dress the Butter of worship in God according to the dictates of Above: Will’s Cigarette card series Oft from my hand the Pen I whisk out, ‘London Companies’ Ironmongers crest.
Below: Survey of the Ironmongers And in its place take up the Dishclout; Estate in County Londonderry conscience and the rules of His inspired Word.’ by John Sloane 1725. Crown copyright courtesy of For spite all sublime wishes, Public Records of Northern Ireland. Rev James McGregor on the eve of his departure. I needs must sometimes wash the dishes. Extract from History of Londonderry E.L. Parker, 1851 Courtesy of The poems of Olivia Elder edited by Andrew Carpenter. Irish Manuscripts Commission 2017
Left: 1717 maps of Sir Marcus Beresford’s estates in County Londonderry, by Archibald Stewart. Ms L 405 Courtesy of National Library of Ireland
‘ 3 rooms, about 12 or 14 foot each, and to that house a Stable, Cowhouse and Sometimes a Barn but the Barn is commonly at some distance so that one of the houses measured on the outside is between 70 and 80 feet long … they are built with stones and Mudd and but few of them are pointed with mortar, they are very low, the windows small and ordinary, many of them have no windows, the Covering is a thatch of Straw or Course Rushey Grass’.
Pyke, Surveyor for the Ironmongers Estate, 1725 ‘ … I came to another litle valley call’d Cushendale where I dined; Going two miled to Cushednden bay; I was directed about half a mile from the road to see some caves, which are not so curious altogether as the sea cliff, which is the most beautifull I ever saw, it consists of pebbles of a middling size of different colours all cemented together; so that it has the appearance of variegated marble … very fine roads are made here all the way to Ballycastle … Ballycastle is a strong instance of the assiduity and judgement of one person Mr Boyd to whom the place belongs, who holds it as a fee farm under Lord Antrim, who has made most of his tenants happy in such a tenure …
Places From Richard Pococke’s Irish Tours, 1762
1 Bellarena 7 Knockan 14 Somerset House 24 Harmony Hill 29 Clough Mills 35 White Park School Originally called Ballymargy, the estate was leased By the 1720s, the Knockan estate was the seat of Built for the Richardson family in 1732, the original Originally a corn mill, John Caldwell bought Harmony In 1720, the Earl of Antrim granted a lease for the Built by John Stewart of Ballintoy Castle around from the Bishop of Derry by the Gage family from the the Stevensons. The present house was built in 1790, house burned down in 1802. Hill in 1764 and renamed it Balnamore. He added a construction of a corn mill on the Cloughwater from 1740, the school was established to teach the sons mid-seventeenth century. It was renamed Bellarena but some of the outbuildings date to 1721. beetling mill and bleach works and by the end of the which the village takes its name. of the local gentry such as the Stewarts, Whealeys (the beautiful strand) by Earl Bishop Hervey at the end eighteenth century, Balnamore was one of the largest and Macnaghtens. 15 Jackson Hall spinning mills outside Belfast. of the eighteenth century. Right: 30 Kilraughts Graveyard Reconstruction 8 Drumcovitt Built in 1680 by the Jackson family, as the residence of White Park of the agents of the Worshipful Company of School by Philip Originally built in the seventeenth century, 25 Leslie Hill 2 St Aidan’s Church Graveyard Clothworkers. It may have been built over the Armstrong. Drumcovitt was owned by the Worshipful Company 31 Lissanoure Castle site of a Norman castle. Built by James Leslie around 1750 on the site of Courtesy Ballintoy of Fishmongers. Archaeological an older castle, Leslie Hill was used as a militia The estate was bought by the Macartney family Historical Society
training camp in 1778 after the American attack in 1733. The present house was built in 1770 by
16 Coleraine on Carrickfergus Castle. George Macartney, 1st Earl Macartney, the first British 9 Brochaghboy Right: 1717 Ambassador to China. map by Excavations in 2017 uncovered an eighteenth Archibald Stewart for century house, built without foundations in the 26 Ballymoney - Sir Marcus traditional Irish way. The walls were built directly Beresford. on top of the natural subsoil. Ballymoney Ms L 405 Courtesy of National Library Old Church of Ireland 1718: Places Graveyard 1718: Places 10 Garvagh - Garvagh House 36 Kenbane
Garvagh House was built by George Canning, agent A salmon fishery was established at Kenbane in 1705. 3 Newtown-Limavady - Bridge Hill 17 Flowerfield House of the Worshipful Company of Ironmongers at the
Originally built in 1732 as the home of the Boyles, the start of the seventeenth century, and remained the Originally built by the Kerr family in 1710, the house Above: Lissanoure Castle
building was turned into the Limavady War Memorial seat of the Canning family until the twentieth century later passed to the O’Haras. as it is believed to have 37 Clare Park looked in the early Institute in 1922. Right: Ballymoney Town 19th century Originally built by the McDonnells around 1698, Map of 1734 Clare Park became the residence of the McGildownys 11 Bovagh House 18 Cromore House in the eighteenth century. 4 Mullagh Built in the middle of the eighteenth century as the Bovagh was built around 1740 as the house of the land 27 O’Harabrook 32 Stranocum Hall Built in 1708, by the Connollys, the Mullagh estate agents of the Beresfords, Marquesses of Waterford seat of the Cromies. John Cromie founded Portstewart Left: Detail from Ayre's Map Stranocum Hall was built by the Hutchinson family in 38 Ballycastle of the Ballycastle Collieries, 1817. was purchased by Marcus McCausland in 1743 and in 1792. O’Harabrook was built by the O’Haras at the end of the mid-eighteenth century. Courtesy of GDD Downing Fullerton renamed Daisy Hill. It was not until the nineteenth the eighteenth century. The grounds contain the graveyard of the Quaker settlement at Ballynacree, century that the estate received its current name, 19 St Cuthbert’s Church Graveyard Roe Park. known as the ‘Lambs Fold’. 33 Gracehill
Left: 1717 map The Gracehill estate was granted to the Stuart family by Archibald 20 Beardiville House 28 Fleming Hall by James I. The present house was built in 1775 and 5 Walworth House Stewart for the beech avenue known as the Dark Hedges dates to Sir Marcus The Beardiville estate was leased from the 4th Earl Built at the end of the seventeenth century by the Walworth House was built by the Worshipful Company Beresford. the same period. of Antrim by Francis Macnaghten in 1709. He built Jacobite Colonel Christopher Fleming, the estate of Fishmongers in the period 1616-1631. The present Ms L 405 Courtesy Beardiville house between 1710 and 1712. of National Library was forfeit after the Williamite Wars. It returned to house was substantially rebuilt in 1730. of Ireland the Fleming family in 1747 when a great nephew 34 Giant’s Causeway 21 Ballybogey obtained the lease. Aghadowey The Giant’s Causeway became known to the wider 12 Alexander Macnaghten of Benvarden obtained the world following its ‘discovery’ in 1692 by the lease of the corn mill at Ballybogey from the Earl of Bishop of Derry. Watercolours of the Causeway 13 Macosquin Antrim in 1716. painted by Susanna Drury in 1739 won her the first Royal Dublin Society award in 1740. The Giant’s Right 1717 Left: Plan of map by Causeway appeared as an entry in the 1765 edition Macosquin 1615. 39 Drumawillan House Archibald 22 Benvarden of the French Encyclopédie. Stewart for Courtesy of Home of Rev. William Boyd, Vicar of Ramoan. His son, Sir Marcus the Worshipful Beresford. Company of Merchant Established in the late seventeenth century as the Hugh Boyd inherited the Ballycastle Estate in 1711. Taylors, London Metropolitan Archive. seat of the Macnaghtens, Benvarden was purchased Ms L 405 Courtesy of National Library by the Montgomerys in 1798. 41 of Ireland 40 Bonamargy Graveyard 23 Derrykeighan Old Church Graveyard 6 Pellipar House 41 Rathlin Manor House Originally built and owned by the Worshipful Company Rathlin Island was bought by of Skinners, the estate was leased by the Doddingtons. the Gage family from the Earl of The present house and demesne dates from late in 34 Antrim in 1746. The manor house the eighteenth century. was built in 1756, based on a row of earlier weaving shops. 35 36
37 Above: Giants Causeway by 19 40 John Nixon 1750 - 1818 Left: Photograph by Sam Henry (1878-1952) 38
18 Ballycastle 42 Layde Graveyard 39 17 20
1 Coleraine 23 15 16 21 33 2 14 22
13 32 Ballymoney 42 25 3 24 26 30 Limavady 27 12 5 4 31
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28 29
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7 Maghera 8 Far Left: James Paris drew this Above: Bridge Street from picture of Mary when he the Book of Coleraine. Left: ‘Aaron peeping’ from Silas saw her in London in 1696. Marner, The Weaver of Raveloe, Right: One of a series She was 23 years old. by George Elliot. Illustration by of maps of Sir Marcus Courtesy of The British Library Hugh Thomson (1860–1920). Beresford’s estates in Left: The Knox Goblet thought County Londonderry by Right: Glass House at Ballycastle. to be imported English glass, Alexander Stewart, 1717. made about 1720 with a Ms L405 Courtesy of National Above: Details of ‘The Giant’s scratched inscription to a Library of Ireland Causeway’ by John Nixon People ‘charming’ young lady. (1750–1818).
1 Rev. Joseph Osbourne 4 Mary Murphy 6 William Gregg 8 Denis O’Hempsey 10 John and James McKeen 13 Viscount Macartney (1737–1806) (1695–1807) Minister of the old Newtown-Limavady church Mary Murphy, also known as the ‘Portrush Giantess’, William, from Macosquin, became the principal Merchants from Ballymoney who sought refuge in Of Lissanoure Castle, Ambassador to (1742–1800) lived at Drumadreen. was nearly seven foot high. Mary married a French sea Born Garvagh, Londonderry during the Siege. The McKeens helped surveyor and laid out property lots in the new buried Magilligan China 1792–1794. captain whose ship stopped in Portrush. Sadly, settlement of Londonderry. finance the 1718 migration although John died it is thought that Mary’s husband exhibited her at side Blind bard and Jacobite. shortly before leaving. James became a leading figure 2 Rev. James Hillhouse shows and then abandoned her. She was last seen at Travelled extensively in Nutfield. John’s daughter, Janet, left Ballymoney as 14 Col. Hugh Boyd a show in Paris, on her own. 7 Rev. James McGregor (c.1677–1729) through Ireland and a young girl and also travelled to New England. (1690–1765) From Freehall, Limavady. In 1722 he became Pastor in Scotland, playing New London, Connecticut. Margaret Martin McGregor sought shelter behind the walls of Derry for both Protestant Thomas Ball, William Caldwell, Established Ballycastle as John Barr and Abraham Blair Noted in 1729 on the list of the poor of the Parish during the Siege in 1689. and Catholic patrons a vibrant industrial centre. William Connolly (d.1729) including Counsellor of Ballywillan. He was ordained Presbyterian Minister of Aghadowey From the townland of Ballywatick in the parish of Bought the Limavady estate in 1697 and took over Canning, at Garvagh in 1701. Ballymoney. Veterans of the Williamite War, they Right: Boyd’s Crest in stained George Philips’ house of New Hall at the top of the Main (c.1713) and Bonnie glass window Holy Trinity emigrated to Boston in 1718 and made their way Church Ballycastle, 1756. Street, although it is unlikely he lived there and just 5 James Tate As a fluent Irish speaker, he was commissioned by Prince Charlie (1745). to Nutfield. visited. He was Speaker of the Irish House of Commons. the synod of 1710 to preach in Irish. School master of the Irish Society school in Coleraine James Whyte Right: Denis O’Hempsey Rev. Robert Macbride (1686/7–1759), John Ross (1700–1721). He was pulled into public affairs and the McGregor decided to take his family and members Was a Cooper, 1750s. disagreements in the Corporation, which caused the of his congregation to America as he could see no In September 1716 he was ordained as minister of Opened an inn in Newtown-Limavady in 1766 — fitted Ballymoney, where he stayed for the rest of his life. school to suffer. future in Ireland. George Canning Robert Wilson in the proper manner for gentlemen who travel the He was remembered as a conscientious and road with the best wine, liquors and good stabling, The son of Stratford Canning of Garvagh, George Rev. John Elder (1693–1779) competent pastor. Was a Wheelwright, 1750s. Richard Lynam 1718: People 1718: People pasture hay and oats for horses. was banished from his father’s house for marrying a Appointed a burgess in the Coleraine Corporation in 1682. Prominent New Light Presbyterian, ordained penniless beauty Mary Ann Costello, from Co. Mayo. David Macbride (1726–1778) Hugh McCay Mr Bacon He became Chamberlain due to his knowledge of Minister of Aghadowey in 1723. Was a Shoemaker, 1750s. finance. Lynam was rent collector for the Irish Society, Canning died in 1771. Mary Ann went on to become Macbride, a doctor from Ballymoney, played Introduced the scheme to reclaim wetlands, bogs and He ran a farm to supplement the donations from the Beresfords and collected tithes for the Rector. He was an actress. Their son, George Canning would go on to a significant role in the progression of modern forests in the Limavady area. his congregation. Patrick O’Hagan appointed Mayor of the town in 1707. He removed the be prime minister in 1827. medicine and, in particular, a cure for scurvy. town gates, iron chains and bars as well as the palisades. Was a Merchant – importer of crown glass, 1750s. John Alexander Olivia Elder (1735–1780) John Ross Below: Eighteenth century ledger belonging to John Ross. Linen Merchant, 1760. William Galt Daughter of Rev. John Elder and 9 Rev. Matthew Clark Merchant, Ballymoney. Robert Tilley a poet. Olivia’s poems cover a In 1738 Galt had a salt house in Coleraine and was Veteran of Siege of Londonderry, resigned as Minister Was a Coachman, 1750s. Alexander Ogilby range of subjects and include associated with Robert Stewart who had Salt Pans of Kilrea and became Minister of Londonderry verse letters to her friends. Eminent bleacher and in Portrush. (Nutfield) in 1729 after death of Rev. McGregor. Charles McNeil linen draper who died They are honest, dynamic and He married McGregor’s widow and died in 1735. Was a Mariner, 1750s. in 1772. give an insightful representation William Mitchell of her life in Aghadowey in the At the Siege, in 1689, he received a wound on his Robert McCarroll George Taylor From Belfast, set up as a bookseller and bookbinder in eighteenth century. temple from a bullet which never thoroughly healed Coleraine in 1762. William died in 1773 and is buried in Was a Surgeon, 1750s. Innkeeper and distiller. and over which he wore a black patch. St Patrick’s Church graveyard. Two of his sons emigrated to America around 1790 and set up a bookbinding William Christy James Forbes and Right: Silhouette from business in Philadelphia and then in New York. Olivia Elder’s manuscript Hector Smith Was an Innkeeper, 1750s. Courtesy of National Library Ireland Robert and Elizabeth Shipbuoy Schoolmaster and Parish Clerk of John McCurdy Drumachose parish, 1718. Robert and Elizabeth ran a business on Church Street, Above: This house was built Builder, 1739. by John McCurdy in 1739. Coleraine in the 1770s, selling fabric, gloves, women’s John Orr William Smith shoes, hats, bonnets and more. Elizabeth was a Established the first mechanised bleach green at 11 John ‘Half Hung’ Macnaghten (1722-1761) McGlame dressmaker – they also sold groceries. An Innkeeper, was Provost in 1687 to 1693, 1696 to Ballybritain, Aghadowey in 1734. Inheriting the Benvarden estate while still in his teens, 1701 and 1702 to 1714. A fisherman from Ballintoy. John Lawler John Macnaghten accumulated massive gambling Betty Craig debts. In 1761, he attempted to abduct the wealthy Robert McCausland A Dancing Master, advertised that he would attend his Entry from the Aghadowey Session book, 1702 recorded fifteen year old heiress Mary Ann Knox with the Ocean-Born Mary Agent of William Conolly. Conolly bequeathed dance schools in Antrim, Dromore and Coleraine in 1767. that Betty confessed she was guilty of charming and intention of eloping and securing her inheritance. 16 Church lands of Drumachose, Tamlaght, Finlagan spells. She was rebuked thoroughly and dismissed. Unfortunately, Mary Ann was shot and killed in the Or Mary Wilson was born at sea, on board a ship. Her and Balteagh to McCausland in his will which formed William Wylly attempt and Macnaghten was found guilty of murder. parents, James and Elizabeth Wilson were travelling to the Drenagh estate. Emigrated to the West Indies in 1760. John Molyneux The hangman’s rope broke during his execution and he America. It is said that a pirate attacked their ship but Linen Merchant from Aghadowey, stayed late drinking had to be hung a second time. took pity when he heard the new born baby’s cries. He Curtis Davis 16 in Coleraine one evening. On his way home it was agreed to spare the entire ship if the baby was called after his mother Mary. He gave the child a piece of 3 Rev. James Woodside Died in 1734, aged 100. He is buried in thought that his horse went to the Bann for a drink William Martin green brocade for her wedding dress. Ordained Minister at Dunboe in 1700. Emigrated St Patrick’s graveyard. and that he fell off and drowned. 12 with his congregation to Merrymeeting Bay, Maine, On 2nd July 1757 William Martin was the first minister September 1718. Rev. Samuel Dorrance to be ordained in Ireland by the Reformed Presbyterian Was associated with the Presbytery of Coleraine. (or Covenanter) Church at Vow graveyard. In 1772, He became minister of the community William emigrated taking 1,000 people to Rocky Creek at Voluntown, Connecticut in 1723. (now in Chester County, South Carolina), America.
Right: Pieces of shoe leather found 15 during excavations in Coleraine. Ballintoy Courtesy of Historic Environment Division, Department of Communities 4 Portrush 14 Ballycastle
5 Coleraine 3 Dunboe 11 Benvarden
6 Macosquin 2 Newtown- Limavady 10 Ballymoney 7 Aghadowey
15 Lissamore 12 Vow
8 Garvagh 1 Drumadreen
9 Kilrea