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STATE PERSONAL INCOME TAXES PAGE 6 April 2013 FIGHTING FRAUD INSIDE: Privacy With Apps Juvenile Justice Businesses With a Cause NUCLEAR ENERGY Reliable Electricity & Clean Air How can we generate more low-carbon electricity that is affordable while creating more American jobs? Nuclear energy produces nearly two-thirds of America’s carbon-free electricity. With our electricity needs expected to grow 22% by 2035, advanced nuclear energy plants must be built to meet this rising demand without producing more greenhouse gases. Nuclear energy facilities have the highest reliability of all electricity sources with production costs that average about 2 cents per kilowatt-hour. Nuclear energy should be expanded as part of a balanced energy portfolio that generates more low-carbon and affordable electricity and reduces our dependence on foreign energy sources. Nuclear. Clean Air Energy. nei.org/cleanair CLIENT: NEI (Nuclear Energy Institute) PUB: State Legislatures Magazine RUN DATE: April 1, 2013 SIZE: 7.5” x 9.875” Full Page VER.: Clean Air/Full Page Ad 4CP: STATE LEGISLATURES | 04.2013 VOL 39 No - 4 | CONTENTS APRIL © 2013 BRUCE HOLDEMAN © 2013 BRUCE FEATURES 14 FIGHTING MEDICAID FRAUD 24 A HEALTHY PROFIT By Megan Comlossy By Melissa Hansen and Heather Morton States are sniffing out Medicaid swindlers and A new kind of business is redefining the private saving a lot of money. role in addressing social problems. 20 KIDS ARE NOT ADULTS 27 APP-LOSION By Sarah Brown By Pam Greenberg Brain research is providing new insights into what Smartphones and apps are proliferating and drives teenage behavior, moving lawmakers to getting smarter and smarter. Do they know rethink policies that treat them like adults. too much? STATE LEGISLATURES A National CONFERENCE OF State | | LegislatURES PUBLICATION 4 CONTENTS 04.2013 Executive Director DEPARTMENTS SL ONLINE William T. Pound Editor Karen Hansen 6 STATESTATS 30 FOR THE RECORD VISIT WWW.NCSL.ORG/MAGAZINE Managing Editor Julie Lays The State of Personal Income Taxes Jack Abramoff speaks on the need for THIS MONTH TO: Web Editor ethics and lobbying reforms Edward P. Smith 7 PEOPLE & POLITICS ◆ View NCSL’s webinar on state Copy Editor Insight into what’s happening under efforts to eliminate Medicaid fraud. Leann Stelzer Contributing Editors the domes ◆ Access NCSL’s juvenile justice bill- Jane Carroll Andrade tracking database. Mark Wolf Contributors 8 TRENDS & TRANSITIONS ◆ View a U.S. map on the prevalence Pam Greenberg Karmen Hanson Diabetes, federal firearms policy, foster of diabetes by county. Mandy Rafool Nina Williams-Mbengue care, sex offenders’ rights and personal 32 TOOLS OF THE TRADE ◆ Read more on state compliance with Art Director passwords How to Score a Perfect 10 With Your SORNA. Bruce Holdeman Research ◆ Listen to the complete interview Advertising Sales Manager LeAnn Hoff 12 STATELINE By Jeanne Mejeur with Jack Abramoff. (303) 364-7700 .................................... News from around the nation—from ◆ View NCSL’s webinar on verifying NCSL OFFICERS President digital deaths to moose on the loose, 35 AS THEY SEE IT documents and link to more resources Representative Terie Norelli, there’s no place like home Quotes and cartoons from around the on the topic. New Hampshire President Elect states Senator Bruce Starr, Oregon Vice President Assemblywoman Debbie Smith, THEN & NOW Nevada Staff Chair Patsy Spaw, Texas 25 YEARS AGO DID YOU KNOW … WHOSE CAPITOL IS IT? Staff Vice Chair Tom Wright, Alaska Immediate Past President Senator Stephen Morris, Kansas Immediate Past Staff Chair Michael Adams, Virginia Articles from the .................................... April 1988 issue of Denver Office 7700 East First Place STATE LEGISLATURES Denver, Colorado 80230 (303) 364-7700 Washington, D.C. Office 444 North Capitol Street, N.W. Suite 515 Washington, D.C. 20001 Standing atop the copper dome of (202) 624-5400 Arizona’s old Capitol—which contains Website THE PRODUCT LIABILITY DILEMMA www.ncsl.org/magazine enough copper to make 4,800,000 .................................... “Are product liability judgments pennies—is a white winged statue State Legislatures (ISSN 0147- 0641), the national magazine of excessive? Are victims’ rights known as “Winged Victory” or “Victory policy and politics, Lady.” The lady is not just for looks; is published monthly by the endangered? Is there a middle ground?” National Conference of State she is a weather vane and turns with Legislatures except July/August the direction of the wind. Purchased for and October/November, which DRUNK DRIVING: THE HIGHWAY KILLER are combined. Postmaster: $150, the 17-foot zinc statue was placed Send address changes to: State IS BACK atop the Capitol in 1901. When the Legislatures, 7700 East First “After steadily declining since 1982, Place, Denver, CO 80230. statue was restored in 1981, its wings © 2013, All Rights Reserved. deaths caused by drunk drivers are on were found to be pock-marked by bullet Opinions expressed in this the rise again.” holes. Legend has it they were courtesy magazine do not necessarily of presumably hard-drinking gents who reflect the policy of NCSL. amused themselves by taking potshots Go to www.ncsl.org/bookstore/ to WANTED: A GOOD STATE TAX POLICY subscribe. United States—$49 per “Defining the components of a good tax at the Victory Lady’s wings to make her year; foreign—$55. Teachers only spin. No proof of this tale exists, but to $25 (enter promo code SLMTEA). policy is subjective, but a new report Single copy: $6.50. quote the classic western movie “The To find out, go to: www.ncsl.org/magazine Letters to the Editor may be by a group of legislators and staff may Man Who Shot Liberty Valance,” which mailed to the Denver office or sent by e-mail to: edward. help.” may have been set in territorial Arizona, [email protected]. Send requests “This is the West, sir. When the legend for permission to reprint to Edward Smith in Denver. Send becomes fact, print the legend.” And so subscriptions and changes of address to the Denver office Attn: we have. Marketing Department. Periodically, NCSL rents mailing Sources: “A Celebration of State Capitols” labels to outside organizations. If you prefer your name not be used, by Richard R. Gibson, Arizonaoddities.com please send a written request. and statecapitols.tigerleaf.com State Legislatures is indexed in the PAIS Bulletin and Expanded Academic Index. It is also available in microform and electronically through University Microfilms Inc. (UMI) at (800) 521-0600. 04 .2013 | BOOK REVIEWS | 5 How to Run the Next Election: Advice From Three Experts BY WENDY UNDERHILL t’s no surprise that 2012 brought a bumper crop of books about how to improve elections; a presidential election year is always a good time to sell books about elections. The best time to use a good book about elections, though, is in the year after the election. That’s when legislatures gear up for the next go-’round. Three 2012 books—from across the political specrtum—make Igood reading for legislators. All three describe perceived weak points of America’s decentralized election administration system; all three also offer The Politics of Voter Who’s Counting? The Voting Wars prescriptions for building a stronger system. Better yet, there is greater Suppression John Fund and Richard L. Hasen overlap in these recommendations than the cover blurbs might imply. Tova Wang Hans von Spakovsky Yale University Press Starting on the left, “The Politics of Voter Suppression: Defending Century Foundation Encounter Books $30, 256 pages and Expanding Americans’ Right to Vote” by Tova Wang (Century $24.95, 200 pages $16.99, 304 pages Foundation, 2012) looks through the lens of what she calls “the voter inclusion principle.” Whatever the issue, she says “we should err on the side of greater access and equity unless there is a strong reason, based Wang proposes that “serious safeguards” be required to prevent fraud on demonstrable data and facts—not presumptions or prognostications— (while also encouraging the availability of early voting). that it is not worth it.” Wang applies the voter inclusion principle to voter registration regulations, pre-Election Day voting, polling place AUDITS—Audits of voting equipment, tabulation software and security operations, procedures for handling absentee and provisional ballots, procedures can add legitimacy to the whole process, and states can and voting rights for felons who have served their time. require them. It’s quite likely that not everyone will agree that “voter inclusion” is the highest value when it comes to elections policy. Indeed, in “Who’s VOTER REGISTRATION DATA—Statewide voter registration databases Counting: How Fraudsters and Bureaucrats Put Your Vote at Risk” are being improved all the time, with many states now permitting (Encounter Books, 2012) right-leaning authors John Fund and Hans von citizens to register or update their registrations online. Improving data Spakovsky place the highest value on the integrity of the election system. matching between states is the next step, and one that finds favor across They say “some of the sloppiness that makes fraud and foul-ups in the political spectrum. By checking with other states, election officials election counts possible seems to be built into the system by design.” And will be better able to find names that do not belong on the rolls, be they so, the book addresses every part of the voting system, just as Wang’s of folks who have moved away, noncitizens who were signed up by book does. mistake, or deceased voters. And from between the two comes “The Voting Wars: From Florida to the Next Election Meltdown” by Richard L. Hasen (Yale University Press, POLL WORKERS—Most jurisdictions need more volunteer poll workers, 2012). (Readers, please take a moment to be thankful that 2012 was not and those poll workers need better training so that laws are enforced the year of “the next election meltdown.”) Hasen asks, “Why haven’t equitably.