Art, Craft & Design GCSE Exam Assessment Criteria • 25% AO1 Develop ideas through investigations informed by contextual and other sources demonstrating analytical and cultural understanding

• 25% AO2 Refine their ideas through experimenting and selecting appropriate resources, media, materials, techniques and processes

• 25% AO3 Record ideas, observations and insights relevant to their intentions in visual and/or other forms

• 25% AO4 Present a personal, informed and meaningful response demonstrating analytical and critical understanding, realising intentions and where appropriate, making connections between visual, written, oral or other elements. Assessment Criteria

• 25% AO1 Develop ideas through investigations informed by contextual and other sources demonstrating analytical and cultural understanding

Assessment Criteria

• 25% AO2 Refine their ideas through experimenting and selecting appropriate resources, media, materials, techniques and processes

Assessment Criteria

• 25% AO3 Record ideas, observations and insights relevant to their intentions in visual and/or other forms

Assessment Criteria

• 25% AO4 Present a personal, informed and meaningful response demonstrating analytical and critical understanding, realising intentions and where appropriate, making connections between visual, written, oral or other elements. Useful links/resources • BBC videos on GCSE bitesize or class clips • Wiki Paintings • www.tate.org.uk • www.juliastubbs.co.uk/gcse-2013/shannen- harris/shannen-harris-01.html • www.studentartguide.com/ • www.nationalgallery.org.uk • www.saatchi-gallery.co.uk • www.vam.ac.uk • www.guggenheim.org • www.africanart.org • www.textilExamrts.net • www.craftscouncil.org.uk • finder website

More websites: • Thisiscolossal.com – current visual magazine • Deviantart.com- visual arts social network • Art.Net- art data base • Art Babble – ‘The youtube of arts’ • Artcyclopedia - art data base • Laughing Squid- arts blog and website • Juxtapoz- online arts magazine

THE HUMAN CONDITION • Artists, designers and craftspeople are sometimes inspired by particular characteristics of the human condition. Martin Parr observes modern life, photographing people in provincial and suburban places. Graphic designer Tim Marrs places figures in settings inspire by popular culture. Alice Kettle’s textiles capture human emotion through her expressive use of colour, fibre and free-stitching. Lucy Jones explores her own identity through her gestural self-portrait paintings, and Daniel Silver’s figurative sculptural arrangements are inspired by history and ancient civilisations.

• Study appropriate sources and produce your own work based on: • Either People and places • Or Identity Martin Parr

Tim Marrs

Alice Kettle

Daniel Silver

David Hockney

Anna Higgie

Colin Davidson

Erin Fitzpatrick

Pascal Vilcollet

Mark Powell Mark Making • ‘Mark making’ is a term used to describe the process of creating lines, patterns and textures in an artwork. Vincent van Gogh used expressive mark making in many drawings and paintings to describe his subjects. Many of Idris Khan’s digital images are created using multiple layers of lines and are inspired by sources such as music and text. Jim Robinson makes highly textured sculptural ceramics with impressed linear patterns, and Jeanette Appleton uses felt stitch and embroidery to create lines, patterns and textures in her richly embellished panels.

• Research appropriate sources and use suitable techniques to create your own work based on mark making. Vincent van Gogh

Idris Khan

Jim Robinson

Jeanette Appleton

Eva Bellanger

Greg Fadell

Michael Chase

Karen Jacobs

Heather Hansen

Abbey Withington

Sandra Meech Paul Klee>

Ruth Issett

FOOD • Many artists, craftspeople and designers are inspired by the shape, colour, form and texture of food. Paul Cezanne made a number of still-life paintings of fruit, and Sarah Graham makes colourful paintings of sweets .Ceramicist Kate Malone has created vessels inspired by exotic fruits, and commercial artist Annabelle Breakey specialises in food photography for advertising, In her ‘Still Life’ video Sam Taylor-Wood recorded the decay of fruit.

• Research appropriate sources and make your own work in response to ONE of the following: • A) fruit • B) sweets • C) shape, colour ,form and/or texture in food. FOOD

ARTISTS TO RESEARCH

• Paul Cezanne • Sarah Graham • Kate Malone • Annabelle Breakey • Sam Taylor-Wood Select 2 from red list • Nanda Palmieri Select 2 from black • Wayne Thiebaud • Tjalf Sparnaay • Hall Groat

Wayne Thiebaud

• The painter Wayne Thiebaud (1920 - ) is known for supplanting traditional still-life objects like partially eaten fruits, oysters and nuts with what he considers contemporary equivalents like hot dogs, pies and cakes. In his famous painting Cakes (1963, oil on canvas, National Gallery of Art, Washington, D. C. ), he paints a dozen cakes with such rich and heavy impasto that the paint literally looks like frosting! Wayne Thiebaud Delilah Smith

HALL GROAT

DELILAH SMITH

Debbie Miller

Tjalf Sparnaay Tjalf Sparnaay

• Self-taught artist, Tjalf Sparnaay, from Netherlands creates incredibly life-like pictures of food items such as chips, cheeseburgers and desserts. He has been improving his work by painting every day food for the last 25 years. • The 58-year-old said: ‘I take the subjects of my oils from everyday reality, utilizing trivial or mundane items, my intention is to give these objects a soul, a presence.’ • Tjalf Sparanaay is so successful with his unique paintings that his work is now displayed worldwide with art lovers flocking to view the pieces in real life. Each piece sells for around 45,000 euros.

Tjalf Sparnaay

SPIRALS • Spirals are often used as design elements by artists, craftspeople and designers. Spiral structures can be seen in historical and contemporary architecture. In Maori art, koru spiral designs are used in body adornment and to decorate ceramics, textiles and carvings. Biologist and Illustrator Ernst Haeckel made drawings of spiral forms in nature. Land artists Andy Goldsworthy and Richard Long have frequently made work inspired by natural spiral structures.

• Investigate relevant sources and create your own work inspired by spirals. Spirals Koru Plant KORU

• The koru is a spiral shape based on the shape of a new unfurling silver fern frond and symbolizing new life, growth, strength and peace. It is an integral symbol in Māori art, carving and tattoos. The circular shape of the koru helps to convey the idea of perpetual movement while the inner coil suggests a return to the point of origin. • Koru is the integral central motif of symbolic, seemingly- abstract kowhaiwhai designs, traditionally used to decorate Maori wharenui (meeting houses). There are numerous semi-formal designs, representing different features of the natural world. Maori Maori

The principal traditional arts of the Maori may be broadly classified as carving in wood, stone, or bone, geometrical designs in plaiting and weaving, painted designs on wood and on the walls of rock shelters, and, finally, tattooing. It is the habit of ethnologists to study Maori art as if it had come to an abrupt end on the arrival of the European settlers in New Zealand and to regard post-European work as being of little importance. It is necessary to point out, however, that the major forms of Maori art have never died out and that there is a continuous tradition from pre-European times to the present day. It is true that tattooing is no longer practised and Many of the present-day carvers are descended from families which have produced outstanding carvers for centuries. Modern life has caused many changes, but all arts must develop if they are to live. Ernst Haeckel Ernst Haeckel Ernst Haeckel was a German biologist, naturalist, philosopher, physician, professor, and artist who discovered, described and named thousands of new species, mapped a genealogical tree relating all life forms. The published artwork of Haeckel includes over 100 detailed, multi- colour illustrations of animals and sea creatures , "Art Forms of Nature"). As a philosopher, Ernst Haeckel wrote Die Welträtsel (1895–1899, in English, The Riddle of the Universe, 1901), the genesis for the term "world riddle" and Freedom in Science and Teaching to support teaching evolution. Andy Goldsworthy Andy Goldsworthy

• Andy Goldsworthy is a brilliant British artist who collaborates with nature to make his creations. Besides England and Scotland, his work has been created at the North Pole, in Japan, the Australian Outback, in the U.S. and many others • Goldsworthy regards his creations as transient, or ephemeral. He photographs each piece once right after he makes it. His goal is to understand nature by directly participating in nature as intimately as he can. He generally works with whatever comes to hand: twigs, leaves, stones, snow and ice, reeds and thorns.

Richard Long Richard Long Art made by walking in landscapes. Photographs of sculptures made along the way. Walks made into text works. Selected exhibitions and a list of solo exhibitions. In the nature of things: art about mobility, lightness and freedom. Simple creative acts of walking and marking about place, locality, time, distance and measurement. Works using raw materials and my human scale in the reality of landscapes. The music of stones, paths of shared footmarks, sleeping by the river's roar. Other artists you could look at… Frantz Jacqui Zephirin Douglas Jen Stark

Hundertwa Jonathan sser Gibbs

Shelly Beauch FANTASTIC AND STRANGE • Artists, craftspeople and designers have sometimes created work which, to the viewer, may appear to be fantastic and strange. The mysterious Moai sculptures on Easter Island are thought to represent sacred ancestors. The painter Marc Chagall and digital artist Martina Lopez have created surreal artwork inspired by memories, folklore and past events. Fashion designer Alexander McQueen designed extravagant shoes and costumes, and David Kemp suggests curious connections between the past and the present in his sculptures made from recycled objects.

• Research appropriate sources and create your own work in response to the theme of Fantastic and Strange. Fantastic and Strange Marc Vladimir Quinn

Marco Mazzoni Surrealism Dali art

Tommy Ingberg

Ron Mueck sculptures Alexander McQueen

Lee Alexander McQueen (17 March 1969 – 11 February 2010) was a British fashion designer and couturier best known for his in-depth knowledge of bespoke British tailoring, his tendency to juxtapose strength with fragility in his collections, as well as the emotional power and raw energy of his provocative fashion shows. He is also known for having worked as chief designer at Givenchy from 1996 to 2001 and for founding his own label under the name Alexander McQueen. His achievements in fashion earned him four British Designer of the Year awards (1996, 1997, 2001 and 2003), as well as the CFDA's International Designer of the Year award in 2003. Alexander McQueen Marc Chagall Born in Belarus in 1887, Marc Chagall was a painter, printmaker and designer associated with several major artistic styles, synthesizing elements of Cubism, Symbolism and Fauvism. One work in particular, "I and the Village" (1911), pre-dated Surrealism as an artistic expression of psychic reality. An early modernist, Chagall created works in nearly every artistic medium, including sets for plays and ballets, biblical etchings, and stained-glass windows. Chagall died in France in 1985. Today, he is widely regarded as one of the most successful artists of the 20th century. Marc Chagall David Kemp Sculptor and assemblage artist, Kemp was born in London, and grew up in Canada before joining the merchant navy. With great humour and wit, his creations - whether insects, mammoths, machine reconstructions, or domestic objects - are sought after for permanent public sculpture venues and celebratory events that require large and memorable pieces of work.

'I started making things out of junk years ago because it was free and readily available. Our lives are full of things and what we throw away says as much about us as the objects we keep. The cluttered 'language of things' is full of clues that tell stories about ourselves and the way we live. I am very interested in finding ways of putting objects in front of people that might communicate ideas about the place we share. Some things are funny and some are frightening. The things that we make are changing the world.' David Kemp Martina Lopez

Lopez began making digital images in 1986, shortly after the death of her father. One of eight children born of first-generation Mexican American parents, Lopez turned to her family's photo albums to review her past. As the snapshots triggered her memories, she was struck by how the pictures told a different story from what she remembered. This, in turn, made her wonder what the past would look like if she reconstructed it with these pictures. She envisioned cutting and pasting, adding her own memories and desires. 'I began to use the computer to create images that chronicled my family history,' Lopez explains. 'I then started to incorporate images from beyond my personal album as a way to create a collective history, one that would allow people to bring their own memories to my work.'

The end results are eerie, desolate landscapes in which children pose with stilted apprehension and romance is overshadowed by death. When asked to talk about her work, Lopez attributes the haunting loneliness of her pieces to her personal losses and to the sadness she feels for the people in her pictures who once lived but now exist only in photographs. Pictures of us will provide future generations with the only visual reference to memory and we, too, will be absent but for our presence in photographs. Martina Lopez Moai sculptures Moai are monolithic human figures carved by the Rapa Nui people from rock on the Chilean Polynesian island of Easter Island between the years 1250 and 1500. Nearly half are still at Rano Raraku, the main moai quarry, but hundreds were transported from there and set on stone platforms calledahu around the island's perimeter. Almost all moai have overly large heads three-eighths the size of the whole statue. The production and transportation of the 887 statues are considered remarkable creative and physical feats. The islanders themselves tore down the standing moai after their civilization broke down. Other artists you could look at… Francis Bacon, 1909- 1992 Frida Kahlo, 1907-1954 David Choe

David Choe (born 1976, Los Angeles, California) is an American painter, muralist, graffiti artist and graphic novelist of Korean descent. He achieved art world success with his "dirty style" figure paintings—raw, frenetic works which combine themes of desire, degradation, and exaltation. MIXED MEDIA • Fragments and remnants of torn tickets, newspaper cuttings, old photographs, mementoes and found objects are often incorporated in mixed media artwork. Ingrid Dicjkers makes personal art books using combinations of found texts and images, and graphic designer Isidro Ferrer rearranges everyday objects to create human and animal characters for poster designs. Raymond Hains and Jacques Villegle produce decollage work, and Robert Rauschenberg created mixed media assemblages.

• Investigate appropriate sources and develop your own mixed media work. INVESTIGATE APPROPRIATE SOURCES AND PRODUCE YOUR OWN MIXED MEDIA WORK

TORN TICKETS Mixed Media MEMENTOES OLD LETTERS Artists to research

• INGRID DIJKERS • RAYMOND HAINS • JACQUES VILLEGLE • ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG • ISIDRO FERRER

Ingrid Dijkers

Mystical, magical mixed With a degree in Fine Arts and an media figures and book forms extensive background in travel, her inhabit the vivid imagination interest has been stimulated by the of Ingrid Dijkers, a very many international and classical creative artist living in works of Art dealing with out of Dijkers’ work has evolved and Plymouth, Michigan. Dijkers, the ordinary stories of real or migrated from one art form to an American artist, was born imaginary personalities. another, from sculpture, in the Netherlands. jewelry ceramics, and altered books into a perfect marriage combining all of these techniques.

As a life long collector of The marionette-like figures she has antique fabrics, vintage produced over the past years have slowly trims, buttons and found evolved into intriguing and enigmatic objects, she incorporates a collaged figures to book forms and the wide variety of these into wearable art pieces that she is The contrasts provide a her work. Meticulous concentrating on now. Wonderful esoteric quality attention is given to the to her work. Ingrid’s captivating usage of unusual and quality book constructions, Figures and materials, ranging from the wearable pieces inhabit an most elegant silk brocades imaginary world where anything and hand beaded Belgian is possible. One can dream. laces to contemporary Can’t one? metallics. Ingrid Dijkers Mixed Media / Collage Figures

It takes several months from concept to completion to create a new limited edition series. Ingrid’s mixed media figures and wearable collage most often incorporate elements that are made of clay, which adds an intriguing dimension to the construction of these pieces. The original piece is sculpted in clay. A sectional mold of the original piece is made in order to provide a limited edition of these pieces at a modest price. After several weeks of drying, slip (liquid clay) is poured into the molds. The piece is removed from the mold, and further refined, dried and fired in a high temperature kiln. Ingrid has chosen this labour intensive process to work with as it is a time tested stable medium, unlike many of the synthetics and plastics being used today. The results are original handcrafted designs painstakingly hand painted and embellished in unusual and vintage materials. Each is an individual and no two pieces are ever exactly the same, each a unique treasure in their own right. Art Journals

Ingrid has developed a unique and sometimes quirky and playful form of journaling that is uniquely her own. This interest has developed over the years after her interest in Altered books and book binding lead her on a search for something more. After exploring many different forms of book binding, Altered Books and Art Journaling, she has developed some rather unorthodox variations of her own that has developed into her own very recognizable style. Ingrid Dijkers

Ingrid’s award winning books and dolls have received attention in several books, magazines and newspapers such as “1,000 Artist’s Journal Pages”, “New Directions in Altered Books”, "Belle Armoire Jewelry", "Jewelry Affaire", "Somerset Studios" and has been showed cased with articles in several issues of "Art Journaling". In addition, Ingrid exhibits regularly throughout the country and her pieces are held in private collections through out the world.

Décollage, in art, is the opposite of collage; instead of an image being Raymond Hains – décollage work built up of all or parts of existing images, it is created by cutting, tearing away or otherwise removing, pieces of an original image.[1] The French word "décollage" translates into English literally as "take-off" or "to become unglued" or "to become unstuck". Examples of Décollage include etrécissements and cut-up technique. A similar technique is the lacerated poster, a poster in which one has been placed over another or others, and the top poster or posters have been ripped, revealing to a The most celebrated artists of the décollage technique in France, especially of the lacerated poster, are François Dufrene, Jacques greater or lesser degree the poster Villeglé, and Raymond Hains.[5] Raymond Hains used or posters underneath. the lacerated poster as an artistic intervention that sought to critique the newly emerged advertising technique of large-scale advertisements. In effect his decollage destroys the advertisement, but leaves its remnants on view for the public to contemplate. Often these artists worked collaboratively and it was their intention to present their artworks in the city of Paris anonymously. These four artists were part of a larger group in the 1960s called Nouveau Réalisme (New realism), Paris' answer to the American Pop . This was a mostly Paris-based group (which included and Christo and was created with the help of critic ), although Rotella was Italian and moved back to Italy shortly after the group was formed. Some early practitioners sought to extract the defaced poster from its original context and to take it into areas of poetry, photography, or painting. Raymond Hains Raymond Hains & Jacques Villegle Jacques Villegle

The French mixed-media artist started his career back in the early 1950s with his trademark posters and “decollages” and is known for his symbolic use of letters and layers of ripped and lacerated posters. Applying one poster over another, the final piece allows glimpses into the past through the underlying posters. “I see Villeglé as an urban archaeologist,” says Leah Selakovic. “An explorer and cataloguer who literally peels away the layers of time, digging into the urban sediment of posters – layers of advertisements for ephemeral moments that have passed. Theatrical shows that perhaps had high hopes but failed. It’s the stories behind the debris that create a haunted feel to so much of Villeglé’s work. It’s as if he assembles our ancestors’ dreams into a new vision.” ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG

Painting relates to both art and life. Neither can be made. I try to act in the gap between the two. ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG SYNOPSIS

ROBERT RAUSCHENBERG • Considered by many to be one of the most QUOTES influential American artists due to his radical "I really feel sorry for blending of materials and methods, Robert people who think things like Rauschenberg was a crucial figure in the soap dishes or mirrors or transition from to Coke bottles are ugly later modern movements. One of the key Neo- because they're surrounded Dada movement artists, his experimental by things like that all day approach expanded the traditional boundaries long, and it must make them of art, opening up avenues of exploration for miserable." future artists. Although Rauschenberg was "I usually work in a direction the enfant terrible of the art world in the until I know how to do it, 1950s, he was deeply respected and admired then I stop. At the time by his predecessors. Despite this admiration, that I am bored or he disagreed with many of their convictions understand - I use those and literally erased their precedent to move words interchangeably - forward into new aesthetic territory that another appetite has reiterated the earlier Dada inquiry into the formed. A lot of people try definition of art. to think up ideas. I'm not one. I'd rather accept the irresistible possibilities of what I can't ignore." Rauschenberg’s work variously combined colour swatches in fabric, paint, and other materials; images from Western art and from popular culture, including an FBI poster whose wanted man resembled the artist; and found materials, from stuffed animals to light bulbs, mirrors, fans, wood furniture, wire, boxes, and tires. The use of sculptural elements and found objects changed the focus by combining art elements that literally interacted with each other. Rauschenberg was wryly conscious that changing how art is created also changes how it is viewed. He encouraged viewers to bring their own readings and perceptions to each work. • Isidro Ferrer is a Spanish graphic designer and illustrator, member of AGI Isidro Ferrer since 2000. He graduated in drama and scenography, and worked as a stage actor before turning towards graphic design and illustration. His ‘plays’ with ordinary objects, different meanings, photography and typography have led to an awe-inspiring body of work that reminds of greats like Pierre Mendell, Armin Hofmann, Anthon Beeke or Polish poster designers. He’s been involved in a wide range of projects, from posters and identities for cultural institutions, illustration for adults and children, comics, TV cartoons, packaging, publishing to monumental and wayfinding. He has published more than 30 books, been involved in many exhibitions and won a lot of prestigious You can admire more of his projects on his website, awards. IsidroFerrer.com. Some more info on his AGI profile, an interview from AGI Open Barcelona in 2011 and another interview by IndexBooks.