Origins of West African Nationalism History in Depth GENERAL EDITOR: G
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Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality
Illinois State University ISU ReD: Research and eData Theses and Dissertations 3-22-2019 Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality Emmanuella Amoh Illinois State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd Part of the African American Studies Commons, and the African History Commons Recommended Citation Amoh, Emmanuella, "Kwame Nkrumah, His Afro-American Network and the Pursuit of an African Personality" (2019). Theses and Dissertations. 1067. https://ir.library.illinoisstate.edu/etd/1067 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ISU ReD: Research and eData. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ISU ReD: Research and eData. For more information, please contact [email protected]. KWAME NKRUMAH, HIS AFRO-AMERICAN NETWORK AND THE PURSUIT OF AN AFRICAN PERSONALITY EMMANUELLA AMOH 105 Pages This thesis explores the pursuit of a new African personality in post-colonial Ghana by President Nkrumah and his African American network. I argue that Nkrumah’s engagement with African Americans in the pursuit of an African Personality transformed diaspora relations with Africa. It also seeks to explore Black women in this transnational history. Women are not perceived to be as mobile as men in transnationalism thereby underscoring their inputs in the construction of certain historical events. But through examining the lived experiences of Shirley Graham Du Bois and to an extent Maya Angelou and Pauli Murray in Ghana, the African American woman’s role in the building of Nkrumah’s Ghana will be explored in this thesis. -
Pan-Africanism and West African Nationalism in Britain Hakim Adi
Pan-Africanism and West African Nationalism in Britain Hakim Adi Abstract: This article outlines some aspects of the history of West Africans in Britain during the colonial era in the first half of the twentieth century. In particular it focuses on the emergence of West African nationalism in Britain and highlights some of the political activities of those African sojourners abroad, who were also temporarily part of the diaspora. Their political organizations, especially the West African Students' Union and the West African National Secretariat, were influential in West Africa and throughout the diaspora and reflected changing political iden tities, consciousness, and historical conditions. Most important, they show that West Africans developed and maintained their own distinctive political aims, conscious ness, and ideologies, while at the same time contributing to and being influenced by those of the diaspora. These aims and ideologies also reflected the particulari ties of political and social conditions in Britain, conditions that were shaped by the African presence itself. West African nationalism provided a distinctive philosophy and orientation even for West Africans' pan-African activities. Indeed they saw the future of Africa and the diaspora as determined by political and other advances in the West African colonies. Resume: Cet article retrace quelques uns des aspects de l'histoire des Africains de l'Ouest en Grande Bretagne pendant l'ere coloniale de la premiere moitie du vingtieme siecle. Nous nous penchons en particulier sur l'emergence du national- isme ouest-africain en Grande Bretagne et mettons en relief certaines activites poli- tiques de ces africains en sejour a l'etranger, qui firent egalement momentanement partie de la diaspora. -
The Impact of the Second World War on the Decolonization of Africa
Bowling Green State University ScholarWorks@BGSU 17th Annual Africana Studies Student Research Africana Studies Student Research Conference Conference and Luncheon Feb 13th, 1:30 PM - 3:00 PM The Impact of the Second World War on the Decolonization of Africa Erin Myrice Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/africana_studies_conf Part of the African Languages and Societies Commons Myrice, Erin, "The Impact of the Second World War on the Decolonization of Africa" (2015). Africana Studies Student Research Conference. 2. https://scholarworks.bgsu.edu/africana_studies_conf/2015/004/2 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences and Events at ScholarWorks@BGSU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Africana Studies Student Research Conference by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@BGSU. The Impact of the Second World War on the Decolonization of Africa Erin Myrice 2 “An African poet, Taban Lo Liyong, once said that Africans have three white men to thank for their political freedom and independence: Nietzsche, Hitler, and Marx.” 1 Marx raised awareness of oppressed peoples around the world, while also creating the idea of economic exploitation of living human beings. Nietzsche created the idea of a superman and a master race. Hitler attempted to implement Nietzsche’s ideas into Germany with an ultimate goal of reaching the whole world. Hitler’s attempted implementation of his version of a ‘master race’ led to one of the most bloody, horrific, and destructive wars the world has ever encountered. While this statement by Liyong was bold, it held truth. The Second World War was a catalyst for African political freedom and independence. -
Re-Reading African Cultural and Intellectual History
© AJIA vol. 6 nos 1 & 2, 2003, pp. 19–53 Pan-Africanism and the Language Question: Re-reading African Cultural and Intellectual History Kenneth Inyani Simala Introduction This paper examines the role of intellectuals in the development of Pan-Africanist linguistic nationalism. The specific aim of the paper is to analyse elite ideas about African linguistic nationalism and their role in African society from the perspective of the sociology of knowledge, a stance which understands ideas in terms of the social, cultural and civilisational milieu that produces and consumes them. The focus of the paper is dictated by the fact that little, if anything, has been written on linguistic nationalism as a factor of Pan-Africanist ideology. This is in contrast with the abundance of literature on the political and economic aspects of the movement. Political theorists on Africa have had a lot to say about the ‘language of Pan-Africanism’ but very little to say about ‘Linguistic Pan- Africanism’. It is therefore argued in this paper that the structure of nationalism consists of two equally powerful components: traditional data (such as race, language, literature, tradition, and territoriality), and egalitarian ideology (such as freedom, equality and fraternity). Pan-Africanism was a type of nationalism that fused traditional culture and modern ideology to generate the great social power that it was. Thus, Pan-Africanist linguistic nationalism deserves special attention because not much has been written on this aspect of cultural nationalism, and yet cultural nationalism was part of the social struggle against colonialism and imperialism. Further, among the intellectual leaders of Africa, none have attracted less attention than the language reformers. -
Governance, Leadership and the Rise of African Nationalism in Sub-Saharan Africa: an Ethical Critical Study
Governance, Leadership and the Rise of African Nationalism in Sub-Saharan Africa: An Ethical Critical Study By C.C. Mushohwe (DEL, DPA, MPLG, MSc-1R, MPA, MBA) Thesis Submitted in Fulfilment of the Academic Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy In the Subject of Ethics at the School of Religion Philosophy and Classics, College of Humanities University of KwaZulu–Natal Pietermaritzburg Supervisor Prof Munyaradzi Felix Murove November 2018 DECLARATION I, Christopher Chindoti Mushohwe declare that, i. The research reported in this thesis, excerpt where otherwise indicated, is my original work. ii. The thesis has not been submitted for any degree or examination at any other university. iii. This thesis does not contain other persons’ data, pictures, graphs or other information, unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other persons. iv. This thesis does not contain other persons’ writings unless specifically acknowledged as being sourced from other researchers. Where other written sources have been quoted, (a) Their words have been re-written but the general information attributed to them has been referenced; (b) Where exact words have been used, their writing has been placed inside quotation marks and referenced. v. This thesis does not contain text, graphics or tables copied and pasted from the internet unless specifically acknowledged and the source being detailed in the thesis and in the reference sections. Candidate: Christopher Chindoti Mushohwe Signed:………………………………………Date:…………………………. Supervisor: Prof M F Murove Signed:………………………………………Date:……………………………. i DEDICATION This work is dedicated to my beloved wife and children for the support during the course of this study. ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS An intellectual discourse of this extent could not come to fruition without assistance and motivation from other people and institutions. -
Report Re S Umes
REPORT RE S UMES ED 011 661 AL 000 368 LANGUASE AND "NATIONALISM" IN SOUTHAFRICA. BERGHE, P. VAN DEN PUB DATE NOV 66 EDRS PRICE MF$0.09 HC -$O,64 16P. DESCRIPTORS- *LANGUAGES,*SOCIOLINGUISTICS, *NATIONALISM, *AFRICAN LANGUAGES, OFFICIALLANGUAGES, SECOND LANGUAGES, . 'LANGUAGE INSTRUCTION, AFRIKAANS,XHOSA, SOTHO, ZULU, ENGLISH, SOUTH AFRICA THE ONLY GROUP IN SOUTH AFRICA TO HAVEDEVELOPED A NATIONALISM BASED, AT LEAST PARTLY,ON ETHNICITY AND LANGUAGE ARE THE AFRIKANERS. CUE TO AFRIKANERFEELINGS OF NATIONALISM, ATTEMPTS HAVE BEEN MADE TO SEGREGATEAFRICANS AND NON - AFRICANS OF DIFFERENT LANGUAGEGROUPS FROM THE AFRIKANERS AND FROM EACH OTHER. MOTHER- TONGUE INSTRUCTION IS STRESSED AT ALL LEVELS OF SCHOOLING DESPITE THEPREFERENCE OF AFRICANS TO BE TAUGHT IN ENGLISH. ASSUMING AMAJORITY GOVERNMENT IN THE FUTURE, THE PRESENT SITUATION, WHEREINOFFICIAL STATUS IS GRANTED ONLY TO THE TWO MAIN LANGUAGES,ENGLISH AND AFRIKAANS, IS UNLIKELY TO BE ACCEPTABLETO MOST SOUTH AFRICANS, AND MOST EDUCATED AFRICANSWOULD PROBABLY BE RELUCTANT TO SUBSTITUTE A BANTULANGUAGE AS THE OFFICIAL TONGUE. GRANTING EQUAL STATUS TO ALLFIVEMAJOR LANGUAGES WOULD BE COSTLY AND ADMINISTRATIVELYINEFFICIENT. ONE WORKABLE SOLUTION SEEMS TO BE TO RECOGNIZEENGLISH AS THE NATIONAL LANGUAGE, WHILE USING THEOTHER FOUR MAIN LANGUAGES (AFRIKAANS, XHOSA, SOTHO,AND ZULU) AS OFFICIAL REGIONAL SECOND LANGUAGES. (NC) U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH,EDUCATION & WELFARE OFFICE OF EDUCATION THIS DOCUMENT HAS BEEN REPRODUCEDEXACTLY AS RECEIVED FROM THE PERSON OR ORGANIZATION ORIGINATINGIT.POINTS OF VIEW OR OIHIONS STATED DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENTOFFICIAL OFFICE OF EDUCATION POSITION OR POLICY. LANGUAGE AND "NATIONALISM" IN souls AFRICA Pierre L. van den Berghe University of Washington To state that language and nationalism are closely related is a tautology, but one that needs restating in view of the loose usage of the term "nationalism" in the Third World and particularly in the African literature. -
Revisiting Nationalism and Ethnicity in Africa
REVISITING NATIONALI SM AND ETHNICITY IN AFRICA By M. Crawford Young ABOUT THE AUTHOR .................................................................................................2 FORWARD ..................................................................................................................3 REVISITING NATIONALISM AND ETHNICITY IN AFRICA ..............................................5 M. Crawford Young 2 ABOUT THE AUTHOR M. Crawford Young is the H. Edwin Professor of Political Sciences at the University of Wisconsin, Madison and a specialist in Afr ican politics, cultural pluralism, comparative politics, and the State. Young received his BA from the University of Michigan and his Ph.D. from Harvard University. He was visiting scholar at the Institute of Historical Research at the University of London as well as at the Insitut d’Etudes Politiques, University of Paris. He joined University of Wisconsin - Madison Political Science Department in 1963 and in those years has been visiting professor at Makerere University in Kampala Uganda and at the Univers ite Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar in Senegal and Dean of the Faculty of Social Science at the Universite Naitonale du Zaire, Lubumbasha. Among his many books and articles are The politics of Cultural Pluralism, Ideology and Development in Africa and The Africa n Colonial State in Comparative Perspective . In addition to his leadership in the study of political dimensions of cultural pluralism, Young is considered the preeminent scholar of politics in what is present -day democratic Republic Congo. His co -authored book The Rise and Decline of the Zairian State remains the definitive treatment of Mobutu’s Zaire. Young is the recipient of numerous awards and honors among which are African Studies Association’s Distinguished Africanist Award, Hilldale Award for disting uished research, teaching and service as well as being elected to the American Academy of Arts and Science. -
Women Nationalists in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Ghana and Zimbabwe: Case Studies of Charwe Nehanda Nyakasikana and Yaa Asentewaa Abdul Kuba
Journal of International Women's Studies Volume 19 | Issue 2 Article 10 Jan-2018 Women Nationalists in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Ghana and Zimbabwe: Case Studies of Charwe Nehanda Nyakasikana and Yaa Asentewaa Abdul Kuba Follow this and additional works at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws Part of the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Kuba, Abdul (2018). Women Nationalists in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Ghana and Zimbabwe: Case Studies of Charwe Nehanda Nyakasikana and Yaa Asentewaa. Journal of International Women's Studies, 19(2), 159-171. Available at: http://vc.bridgew.edu/jiws/vol19/iss2/10 This item is available as part of Virtual Commons, the open-access institutional repository of Bridgewater State University, Bridgewater, Massachusetts. This journal and its contents may be used for research, teaching and private study purposes. Any substantial or systematic reproduction, re-distribution, re-selling, loan or sub-licensing, systematic supply or distribution in any form to anyone is expressly forbidden. ©2018 Journal of International Women’s Studies. Women Nationalists in Nineteenth and Twentieth Century Ghana and Zimbabwe: Case Studies of Charwe Nehanda Nyakasikana and Yaa Asentewaa By Abdul Kuba1 Abstract Nation and nationalism have been associated with masculinity. Nations and states are often envisioned through heroic narratives. According to these narratives, nations are formed through the blood and toil of fore-fathers not fore-mothers. Women’s roles in nation-building are regarded as supportive, relegating them to the background as supporters of their male counterparts. Heroines receive little or no attention in the historiography of national struggles. Pedagogically, heroines are understudied in most African school systems. -
Pan-Africanism: a Quest for Liberation and the Pursuit of a United Africa
genealogy Article Pan-Africanism: A Quest for Liberation and the Pursuit of a United Africa Mark Malisa 1,* and Phillippa Nhengeze 2 1 Department of Educational Research and Administration, University of West Florida, 11000 University Pkwy, Pensacola, FL 32514, USA 2 Department of Economics, Africa University, Mutare, Zimbabwe; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 23 July 2018; Accepted: 7 August 2018; Published: 14 August 2018 Abstract: Our paper examines the place of Pan-Africanism as an educational, political, and cultural movement which had a lasting impact on the on the relationship between liberation and people of African descent, in the continent of Africa and the Diaspora. We also show its evolution, beginning with formerly enslaved Africans in the Americas, to the colonial borders of the 1884 Berlin Conference, and conclude with the independence movements in Africa. For formerly enslaved Africans, Pan-Africanism was an idea that helped them see their commonalities as victims of racism. That is, they realized that they were enslaved because they came from the same continent and shared the same racial heritage. They associated the continent of Africa with freedom. The partitioning of Africa at the Berlin Conference (colonialism) created pseudo-nation states out of what was initially seen as an undivided continent. Pan-Africanism provided an ideology for rallying Africans at home and abroad against colonialism, and the creation of colonial nation-states did not erase the idea of a united Africa. As different African nations gained political independence, they took it upon themselves to support those countries fighting for their independence. The belief, then, was that as long as one African nation was not free, the continent could not be viewed as free. -
Complements to Kazi Leaders: Female Activists in Kawaida- Influenced Cultural-Nationalist Organizations, 1965-1987
Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University History Dissertations Department of History 5-10-2017 Complements to Kazi Leaders: Female Activists in Kawaida- Influenced Cultural-Nationalist Organizations, 1965-1987 Kenja McCray Atlanta Metropolitan College Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss Recommended Citation McCray, Kenja, "Complements to Kazi Leaders: Female Activists in Kawaida-Influenced Cultural- Nationalist Organizations, 1965-1987." Dissertation, Georgia State University, 2017. https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/history_diss/57 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of History at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in History Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. COMPLEMENTS TO KAZI LEADERS: FEMALE ACTIVISTS IN KAWAIDA-INFLUENCED CULTURAL-NATIONALIST ORGANIZATIONS, 1965-1987 KENJA MCCRAY Under the Direction of John McMillian, PhD ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the memories and motivations of women who helped mold Pan-African cultural nationalism through challenging, refining, and reshaping organizations influenced by Kawaida, the black liberation philosophy that gave rise to Kwanzaa. This study focuses on female advocates in the Us Organization, Committee for a Unified Newark and the Congress of African People, the East, and Ahidiana. Emphasizing the years 1965 through the mid-to-late 1980s, the work delves into the women’s developing sense of racial and gender consciousness against the backdrop of the Black Power Movement. The study contextualizes recollections of women within the groups’ growth and development, ultimately tracing the organizations’ weakening, demise, and influence on subsequent generations. It examines female advocates within the larger milieu of the Civil Rights Movement’s retrenchment and the rise of Black Power. -
Africa's Integration Agenda and Its Implication for Peace And
MASTER’S DEGREE FINAL DISSERTATION Africa’s Integration Agenda and its Implication for Peace and Development on the Continent Student: Frank Djan Owusu Supervisor: Dr. Sidi Omar Dedication “Africa Will Write its Own History, and it will be, to the North and South of the Sahara, a History of Glory and Dignity” Patrice Émery Lumumba ii Acknowledgements I am profoundly grateful and indebted to Dr. Sidi Omar whose relentless patience and invaluable constructive comments made the production of this thesis possible. The Administration – entire staff of Cátedra UNESCO de Filosofia para la Paz / Instituto Interuniversitario de Desarrollo Social y Paz. The unsung champions of Africa’s hope, justice and development. My mum, dad and siblings: they deserve my highest admiration. You are all most appreciated and worthy of my heartfelt appreciation. iii List of Abbreviations and Acronyms AfDB African Development Bank AGR1 African Governance Report 1 AGR African Governance Report APRM African Peer Review Mechanism AMISOM African Union Mission in Somalia AU African Union AERC African Economic Research Consortium CSSDCA Conference on Security, Stability, Development and Cooperation in Africa DESA Department of Economics and Social Affairs ECA Economic Commission for Africa ECOSOCC Economic, Social and Cultural Council GCA Global Coalition for Africa IPA International Peace Academy IDP’S Internally Displaced Persons IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change LCBC Lake Chad Basin Commission NEPAD The New Partnership for Africa’s Development WB World Bank WGI World Governance Indicators SAP Structural Adjustment Programs OAU Organization of African Unity PSC Peace and Security Council R2P Responsibility to Protect USA United States of America iv UNDP United Nations Development Program UNIA Universal Negro Improvement Association UNAMID African Union/United Nations Hybrid Mission in Darfur USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics v Abstract The focus of this thesis is on examining Africa’s integration agenda and its implication for peace and development. -
West African Nationalism Rediscovered
WEST AFRICAN NATIONALISM REDISCOVERED By Salawu Adewuni Department of European Studies University of Ibadan Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria Abstract The contacts of West African people with people from Europe, North Africa and America have resulted in some changes in the conception of life of the inhabitants of West Africa. This study therefore investigates how the trans-Saharan and Atlantic influences prompted the nationalistic movements in the sub-region. The study employed historical and archival materials for investigation. Works of Africanists, historians, political scientists, anthropologists and literary scholars served as useful sources of information. The work covered West African Francophone and Anglophone countries like Nigeria, Ghana, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Togo, Cote d’Ivoire, Republic of Benin, Senegal, Mali, Niger, Gambia and Burkina-Faso. The study shows that the introduction of Christian and Islamic religions into West Africa brought about conflicts among the traditional and the two foreign religions. The study further reveals that through these two foreign religions, literacy spread among West African people. The University of Timbuktu enhanced human development where scholars, like Ahmad Baba, were trained and later became lecturers in the same university. He challenged the occupation of the Sudan by the Moroccans. The West African elite trained in the European way were not left out in the defence of the integrity of their culture, defence which later cumulated to the struggle for freedom. The work underscores the need for a natural marriage and development of cultures. It is therefore imperative to make adequate plans to encourage cross-cultural integrative skills useful in an interdependent world. Key words: Nationalism, Trans-Saharan, Atlantic, Culture, West Africa Introduction The first eminent visitors of Africa south of Sahara were the Arabs and Berbers who spread Islamic religion and Arab cultures among people in the sub-region of West Africa.