Inching Toward Equal Dignity
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2017.06.12 Amicus Brief of NEA in Zarda V Altitude
Case 15-3775, Document 376, 06/28/2017, 2068152, Page1 of 39 15-3775 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE SECOND CIRCUIT _____________________ MELISSA ZARDA, co-independent executor of the estate of Donald Zarda; and WILLIAM ALLEN MOORE, JR., co-independent executor of the estate of Donald Zarda, Plaintiffs-Appellants, v. ALTITUDE EXPRESS, INC., d/b/a SKYDIVE LONG ISLAND; and RAY MAYNARD, Defendants-Appellees. _____________________ On Appeal from the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York Hon. Joseph Bianco, Judge _____________________ BRIEF OF THE NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION AS AMICUS CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF PLAINTIFFS-APPELLANTS AND REVERSAL ____________________________________________ ALICE O’BRIEN ERIC A. HARRINGTON MARY E. DEWEESE* NATIONAL EDUCATION ASSOCIATION 1201 16th Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20036-3290 (202) 822-7018 *Admission pending [email protected] Counsel for Amicus Curiae National Education Association Case 15-3775, Document 376, 06/28/2017, 2068152, Page2 of 39 CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT Amicus curiae National Education Association (“NEA”) has no parent corporations, does not have shareholders, and does not issue stock. ii Case 15-3775, Document 376, 06/28/2017, 2068152, Page3 of 39 TABLE OF CONTENTS CORPORATE DISCLOSURE STATEMENT ........................................................ ii TABLE OF CONTENTS ......................................................................................... iii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES .................................................................................. -
Fred Fejes' Gay Rights and Moral Panic: the Origins of America's Debate on Homosexuality (Book Review)
University at Buffalo School of Law Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law Book Reviews Faculty Scholarship Winter 2010 Fred Fejes' Gay Rights and Moral Panic: The Origins of America's Debate on Homosexuality (book review) Michael Boucai University at Buffalo School of Law, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/book_reviews Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Gender and Sexuality Commons Recommended Citation Michael Boucai, Fred Fejes' Gay Rights and Moral Panic: The Origins of America's Debate on Homosexuality (book review), 44 J. Social Hist. 606 (2010). Available at: https://digitalcommons.law.buffalo.edu/book_reviews/13 This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Social History following peer review. The version of record Michael Boucai, Fred Fejes' Gay Rights and Moral Panic: The Origins of America's Debate on Homosexuality (book review), 44 J. Soc. Hist. 606 (2010) is available online at: https://doi.org/ 10.1353/jsh.2010.0075. This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by the Faculty Scholarship at Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in Book Reviews by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ University at Buffalo School of Law. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 606 journal of social history winter 2010 SECTION 2 SEXUAL ORIENTATION AND GENDER Gay Rights and Moral Panic: The Origins of America’s Debate on Homosexuality. By Fred Fejes (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2008. -
The 60-Year Struggle for Gay Rights
The 60-Year Struggle for Gay Rights Part 2 Legal Victories • During the 1970s many states repealed their sodomy laws. • The absolute ban on federal employment of gays began to be modified. • Many cities passed laws prohibiting discrimination against gays. Election of Gays to Public Office Kathy Kozachenko Elaine Noble Ann Arbor City Council Massachusetts Legislature Harvey Milk San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Setback Anita Bryant led the campaign against the Dade County, Florida ordinance that prohibited discrimination against gays. She labeled her crusade “Save our Children.” She was supported by: Reverend Jerry Falwell Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Miami President of Miami’s B’nai Brith • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dS91gT3XT_A Gay Response to “Save Our Children” Briggs Initiative • Briggs Initiative would have allowed the firing of all gay and lesbian teachers and any teacher who referred positively to gays and lesbians. • Ronald Reagan helped defeat it with an op-ed in the Los Angeles Herald Examiner: "Whatever else it is, homosexuality is not a contagious disease like the measles. Prevailing scientific opinion is that an individual's sexuality is determined at a very early age and that a child's teachers do not really influence this." AIDS: Long-term Devastating Disease Leading Organization: Gay Men’s Health Crisis AIDS à New Focus on National Issues • Fight for development of Life Saving Drugs • • Form Political Action Organizations GLAD AIDS Law Project Director Ben Klein testifies in support of An Act Relative to HIV-Associated -
Why the Religious Right Can't Have Its (Straight Wedding) Cake and Eat It Too: Breaking the Preservation-Through-Transformation Dynamic in Masterpiece Cakeshop V
Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality Volume 36 Issue 1 Article 3 January 2018 Why the Religious Right Can't Have Its (Straight Wedding) Cake and Eat It Too: Breaking the Preservation-Through-Transformation Dynamic in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission Kyle C. Velte Part of the Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, Law and Gender Commons, and the Supreme Court of the United States Commons Follow this and additional works at: https://lawandinequality.org/ Recommended Citation Kyle C. Velte, Why the Religious Right Can't Have Its (Straight Wedding) Cake and Eat It Too: Breaking the Preservation-Through-Transformation Dynamic in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission, 36(1) LAW & INEQ. (2018). Available at: https://scholarship.law.umn.edu/lawineq/vol36/iss1/3 Minnesota Journal of Law & Inequality is published by the University of Minnesota Libraries Publishing. 67 Why the Religious Right Can’t Have Its (Straight Wedding) Cake and Eat It Too: Breaking the Preservation-Through- Transformation Dynamic in Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission Kyle C. Velte† Introduction In the 2017 term, the U.S. Supreme Court will consider the most significant LGBT-rights case since its 2015 marriage equality decision:1 Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission.2 The case presents A question—what I call the Antidiscrimination Question3—that has been percolating through lower courts for nearly a decade: may small business owners, such as photographers, bakers, and florists, be exempt from state antidiscrimination laws based on their religious beliefs about same- sex marriage?4 The Religious Right5 has been squarely behind this † Visiting Assistant Professor, Texas Tech University School of Law. -
The Invention of Bad Gay Sex: Texas and the Creation of a Criminal Underclass of Gay People
The Invention of Bad Gay Sex: Texas and the Creation of a Criminal Underclass of Gay People Scott De Orio Journal of the History of Sexuality, Volume 26, Number 1, January 2017, pp. 53-87 (Article) Published by University of Texas Press For additional information about this article https://muse.jhu.edu/article/645006 Access provided by University of Michigan @ Ann Arbor (3 Sep 2018 18:29 GMT) The Invention of Bad Gay Sex: Texas and the Creation of a Criminal Underclass of Gay People SCOTT DE ORIO University of Michigan T HE RECEN T PROGRESS IN T HE area of lesbian and gay rights in the United States has occasioned a good deal of triumphalism.1 Many ac- counts, both scholarly and popular, have not only celebrated the rise of lesbian and gay rights under the Obama administration but also described what appears—at least in retrospect—to have been their steady, surprising, and inexorable expansion since the 1970s. According to that conventional narrative, lesbians and gay men have slowly but surely gained ever-greater access to full citizenship in many spheres of life.2 I would like to thank Tiffany Ball, Roger Grant, David Halperin, Courtney Jacobs, Matt Lassiter, Stephen Molldrem, Gayle Rubin, Doug White, the participants in the American History Workshop at the University of Michigan, Lauren Berlant and the participants in the 2015 Engendering Change conference at the University of Chicago, and Annette Timm and the two anonymous reviewers from the Journal of the History of Sexuality for their feedback on drafts of this essay. The Rackham Graduate School and the Eisenberg Institute for His- torical Studies, both at the University of Michigan, provided financial support for the project. -
Supreme Court of the United States ______
No. 12-144 IN THE Supreme Court of the United States _________ DENNIS HOLLINGSWORTH, ET AL., Petitioners, v. KRISTIN M. PERRY, ET AL., Respondents. _________ On Writ of Certiorari to the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit _________ BRIEF OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN HISTORIANS AND THE AMERICAN STUDIES ASSOCIATION AS AMICI CURIAE IN SUPPORT OF RESPONDENTS _________ CATHERINE E. STETSON* MICHAEL D. KASS ERICA KNIEVEL SONGER MARY HELEN WIMBERLY C. BENJAMIN COOPER RYAN D. TAGGETT HOGAN LOVELLS US LLP 555 Thirteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20004 (202) 637-5491 [email protected] *Counsel of Record Counsel for Amici Curiae TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ........................................ ii STATEMENT OF INTEREST .................................... 1 INTRODUCTION AND SUMMARY OF ARGUMENT .......................................................... 3 ARGUMENT ............................................................... 6 I. GAY AND LESBIAN PEOPLE HAVE BEEN SUBJECT TO WIDESPREAD AND SIGNIFICANT DISCRIMINA- TION IN THE UNITED STATES ...................... 6 A. The Historical Roots of Discrim- ination Against Gay People ........................ 6 B. Modern American History: 1890-1940 .................................................... 7 C. World War II and Its Aftermath ............... 12 D. The Gay Rights Movement and Its Opponents in the 1960s, 1970s, and 1980s ....................................... 17 E. The Persistence of Anti-Gay Dis- crimination from the 1990s to the Present ................................................ 20 II. HISTORY PLAYS A CRITICAL ROLE IN THE COURT’S EQUAL- PROTECTION ANALYSIS ............................... 35 CONCLUSION .......................................................... 37 (i) ii TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Page(s) CASES: Baehr v. Lewin, 852 P.2d 44 (Haw. 1993) ...................................... 30 Baehr v. Miike, Civ. No. 20371, 1999 Haw. LEXIS 391 (Haw. Dec. 9, 1999) .............................................. 31 Boseman v. Jarrell, 704 S.E.2d 494 (N.C. -
CONTENTS Jamison Green: Transgender Activist
Interview Backgrounders Kendall Bailey and “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” ................................................................2 David Barr and the Early Days of the HIV/AIDS Epidemic ......................................6 Terry Boggis and LGBT Family Rights ...................................................................... 10 James Dale Takes on the Boy Scouts of America 14 ................................................... CONTENTS Jamison Green: Transgender Activist ...................................................................... 18 Michael Levine and the Stonewall Rebellion .......................................................... 22 Phyllis Lyon, the Daughters of Bilitis and the Homophile Movement .............. 26 Charles Silverstein and the Declassification of Homosexuality as a Mental Illness .............................................................................................................. 30 David Wilson and the Struggle for Marriage Equality ......................................... 34 © 2011 Anti-Defamation League, www.adl.org/education GLSEN, www.glsen.org StoryCorps, www.storycorps.org 1 Kendall Bailey and “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell” Introduction to the Interview (Running Time: 2:01) Kendall Bailey joined the U-S Marine Corps in 2001. Five years later he was a sergeant assigned to a recruiting office in Virginia and was considering becoming career military. At StoryCorps, Kendall told his friend, Don Davis, how because of Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell those plans changed. Questions to Discuss with Students -
The Extra-Legal Consequences of Anti-Gay Ballot Measures
37526 chp_19-1 Sheet No. 116 Side A 03/15/2016 15:53:04 Do Not Delete 2/21/2016 2:31 PM Rethinking the Tyranny of the Majority: The Extra-Legal Consequences of Anti-gay Ballot Measures Amy L. Stone* INTRODUCTION On June 26, 2015, the United States Supreme Court held in Obergefell v. Hodges that state bans on same-sex marriage are unconstitutional, legalizing same-sex marriage across the country.1 This case directly overturned the Ohio Definition of Marriage Amendment, a 2004 initiated constitutional amendment that 61% of voters passed.2 This initiative was one of thirty ballot measures since 1998 that explicitly restricted marriage to a “union of one male and female.” In addition, ballot measures in states like Hawaii, Maine, Washington, and Maryland permitted voters to veto existing same-sex marriage laws or permit the legislature to make new laws against same-sex marriage.3 These same-sex marriage bans fit into a history of ballot measures on lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) rights that began in the mid-1970s.4 Although Obergefell overturned same-sex marriage bans across the country, other anti-gay and anti-transgender ballot measures persist in the United States. Since 1974, there have been over 175 ballot measures on 5 LGBT rights at the town, municipal, county, and state levels. 37526 chp_19-1 Sheet No. 116 Side A 03/15/2016 15:53:04 These ballot measures are typically referendums on municipal or * Associate Professor, Trinity University Department of Sociology and Anthropology. Ph.D. 2006, University of Michigan. B.A. -
Congressional Record—House H2517
April 29, 1999 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD Ð HOUSE H2517 EXPRESSING SENSE OF CONGRESS (B) commends the faith community, non- b 1230 REGARDING SOCIAL PROBLEM profit organizations, State and local officials A child that was abused to the extent OF CHILD ABUSE AND NEGLECT involved in prevention of child abuse and ne- glect, and volunteers throughout America that they were comatose. I think, why Mr. FLETCHER. Madam Speaker, I for their efforts on behalf of abused and ne- should this happen in this great United ask unanimous consent that the Com- glected children everywhere. States. I look at the impact that this mittee on Education and the Workforce The SPEAKER pro tempore. The gen- has on the events that have occurred, and the Committee on the Judiciary be tleman from Kentucky (Mr. FLETCHER) and not only that, but we look at what discharged from further consideration is recognized for 1 hour. has happened recently as to how much of the concurrent resolution (H. Con. Mr. FLETCHER. Madam Speaker, for do we really care about our children. Res. 93) expressing the sense of the purposes of debate only, I yield the cus- Certainly I am honored to speak on Congress regarding the social problem tomary 30 minutes to the gentleman this, the resolution of the gentlewoman of child abuse and neglect and sup- from Virginia (Mr. SCOTT) pending from Ohio (Ms. JONES), and I certainly porting efforts to enhance public which I yield myself such time as I commend her on this. As we are ad- awareness of this problem, and ask for may consume. -
Overcoming the Narrative That Gays and Lesbians Are Harmful to Children
Niedwiecki Proof 1 (Do Not Delete) 2/18/2014 11:33 AM Save Our Children: Overcoming the Narrative that Gays and Lesbians are Harmful to Children ANTHONY NIEDWIECKI* The United States has seen a dramatic shift in support for marriage equality for same-sex couples over the past decade, culminating in a recent gay rights victory in the U.S. Supreme Court.1 Also in the past year, several states have approved marriage rights for same-sex couples through the legislative or initiative process, reflecting the increasing cultural and political acceptance of marriage between same-sex partners. Polls support this cultural shift in the United States, with a 16% jump in approval for same-sex marriage since 2001 and a 24% jump since 1996.2 This reflects a significant change in public opinion over a very short period of time and is in stark contrast to the large number of states that have passed and continue to enforce constitutional amendments banning marriage rights for same-sex couples.3 After the Hawaii Supreme Court held in 1993 that a ban on same-sex marriage was presumptively unconstitutional because it made an impermissible classification based on sex,4 opponents of same-sex marriage successfully used the initiative process to pass several state constitutional amendments to prevent similar rulings by other state courts.5 This backlash prompted many legal scholars to debate whether gay rights activists should have used the judicial system or the political process to gain marriage rights.6 On one side, scholars Copyright © 2014 by Anthony Niedwiecki * Anthony Niedwiecki is the Associate Dean for Skills, Experiential Learning, & Assessment and Associate Professor of Law at The John Marshall Law School in Chicago. -
Love and Hope: How Harvey Milk Broke the LGBT Barrier in Politics
Love and Hope: How Harvey Milk Broke the LGBT Barrier in Politics Julian Cunningham, Emily Gillies, Maxwell Kahn, Asif Sattar, Jonathan Schneiderman Senior Division Group Performance Process Paper: 499 words Annotated Bibliography Primary Sources Associated Press. "Milk Left a Tape for Release If He Were Slain." The New York Times. Last modified November 28, 1978. Accessed January 4, 2020. https://nyti.ms/1kSczMC. This short article provides quotations from the tape that Milk left in case he was assassinated. Although we were not able to incorporate these quotations due to time constraints, this provided helpful context for Milk's mentality that encouraged gay visibility. Milk urged those around him to "come out" and this knowledge helped us phrase some of the non-direct quotations spoken by the character of Harvey Milk in our performance. Barnes, Clive. "Theater: The New York of 'Inner City.'" The New York Times (New York, NY), December 20, 1971. Accessed December 5, 2019. https://nyti.ms/1kJRbcp. This article is from Harvey Milk's producer days. His appearance is pretty much just a cameo; he is mentioned as a producer of Inner City. That is enough, though, for our purposes; it provides primary documentation of Milk's activities before he went to San Francisco and went into politics. "Body of Harvey Milk Being Removed from His Office." In Gale U.S. History Online Collection. Detroit, MI: Gale, 1978. Gale In Context: U.S. History (accessed November 12, 2019). https://link-gale-com.i.ezproxy.nypl.org/apps/doc/HZUKYM943312170/UHIC?u=nypl& sid=UHIC&xid=41fe512. -
Working Anita Bryant
Working Anita Bryant: the Impact of Christian Antigay Activism on Lesbian and Gay Movement Claims* Tina Fetner New York University and Cornell College *Earlier versions of this paper were presented at the 1999 Meeting of the American Sociological Association and at the Workshop on Politics, Power and Protest at New York University's Department of Sociology. The paper has benefitted greatly from comments received in each of these sessions. I would like to thank Edwin Amenta, Ellen Benoit, Chris Bonastia, Lane Dunlop, Jeffrey Goodwin, David F. Greenberg, Drew Halfmann, Carrie James, Clarence Lo, Kelly Moore, Guobin Yang, the Eastern Conference All-Stars dissertation group, and anonymous reviewers for detailed comments and valuable insights on earlier drafts. Please direct correspondence to Tina Fetner, Cornell College, Department of Sociology and Anthropology, 600 First Street West, Mount Vernon, Iowa 52314. Abstract Social movement scholarship claims that opposing movements can create opportunities and generate mobiliZation for the other side. However, there are still open questions as to how this influence between opposing movements operates on an organiZational level. This paper looks closely at one aspect of the impact of opposing movements: rhetorical strategies. I examine historical documents produced by social movement organiZations to determine the processes through which interactions between opposing movements are integrated into the everyday work of producing movement claims. This historical analysis evaluates the flyers, newsletters, and press releases of lesbian and gay movement organiZations in the United States over time, comparing documents produced before the emergence of the Christian antigay countermovement in 1977, with those produced immediately following the countermovement’s entry into the political scene.