Kosuda, K. Viability of Drosophila
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Advances in Genetics, Development, and Evolution of Drosophila
springer.com Seppo Lakovaara (Hrsg.) Advances in Genetics, Development, and Evolution of Drosophila In 1906 Castle, Carpenter, Clarke, Mast, and Barrows published a paper entitled "The effects of inbreeding, cross-breeding, and selection upon the fertility and variability of Drosophila." This article, 55 pages long and published in the Proceedings of the Amer• ican Academy, described experiments performed with Drosophila ampe• lophila Lov, "a small dipterous insect known under various popular names such as the little fruit fly, pomace fly, vinegar fly, wine fly, and pickled fruit fly." This study, which was begun in 1901 and published in 1906, was the first published experimental study using Drosophila, subsequently known as Drosophila melanogaster Meigen. Of course, Drosophila was known before the experiments of Cas• tles's group. The small flies swarming around grapes and wine pots have surely been known as long Softcover reprint of the original 1st ed. as wine has been produced. The honor of what was the first known misclassification of the 1982, X, 474 p. fruit flies goes to Fabricius who named them Musca funebris in 1787. It was the Swedish dipterist, C.F. Fallen, who in 1823 changed the name of ~ funebris to Drosophila funebris Gedrucktes Buch which was heralding the beginning of the genus Drosophila. Present-day Drosophila research Softcover was started just 80 years ago and first published only 75 years ago. Even though the history 119,99 € | £109.99 | $149.99 of Drosophila research is short, the impact and volume of study on Drosophila has been [1]128,39 € (D) | 131,99 € (A) | CHF tremendous during the last decades. -
Program Book
NORTH CENTRAL BRANCH Entomological Society of America 59th Annual Meeting March 28-31, 2004 President Rob Wiedenmann The Fairmont Kansas City At the Plaza 401 Ward Parkway Kansas City, MO 64112 Contents Meeting Logistics ................................................................ 2 2003-2004 Officers and Committees, ESA-NCB .............. 4 2004 North Central Branch Award Recipients ................ 8 Program ............................................................................. 13 Sunday, March 28, 2004 Afternoon ...............................................................13 Evening ..................................................................13 Monday, March 29, 2004 Morning..................................................................14 Afternoon ...............................................................23 Evening ..................................................................42 Tuesday, March 30, 2004 Morning..................................................................43 Afternoon ...............................................................63 Evening ..................................................................67 Wednesday, March 31, 2004 Morning..................................................................68 Afternoon ...............................................................72 Author Index ..............................................................73 Taxonomic Index........................................................84 Key Word Index.........................................................88 -
Kosuda, K. Viability of Drosophila Melanogaster Female Flies Carrying
Dros. Inf. Serv. 97 (2014) Research Notes 131 Drosophila it was also shown that mating latency is also affected by body size, age, and diet (Hegde and Krishna, 1997; Somashekar and Krishna 2011; Singh and Sisodia, 2012). In P. straiata courtship activities of male and female culminate in copulation (Latha and Krishna, 2014). Longer copulation is an adaptation of males which could reduce the risk of sperm competition with future ejaculations with the help of mating plug which prevents the female from remating before oviposition (Gilchrist and Partridge, 2000). In the present study it was found that flies grown on organic banana fruit had copulated significantly longer compared to flies grown on non-organic banana and wheat cream agar media (Figure 3 and Table 1). Our results in P. straiata confirm work of organic banana fruit on reproduction (Chabra et al., 2013). Longer the duration of copulation, greater is the transfer of accessory gland proteins and sperm to the mated female (Hegde and Krishna, 1997; Somashekar and Krishna, 2011). Fecundity is the most obvious trait that influences the reproductive ability of female usually considered as female fitness component. It is known that fecundity is influenced by age, body size, and diet of an organism (Krishna and Hegde 1997). In P. straiata flies grown on organic banana fruit based media had greater number of ovarioles compared to flies grown in other two media (Figure 4 and Table 1). In the present study, flies used were of same age and were grown in same conditions but foods were different. Therefore, in the present study quality of food had influenced fecundity in P. -
Diptera, Drosophilidae) in an Atlantic Forest Fragment Near Sandbanks in the Santa Catarina Coast Bruna M
08 A SIMPÓSIO DE ECOLOGIA,GENÉTICA IX E EVOLUÇÃO DE DROSOPHILA 08 A 11 de novembro, Brasília – DF, Brasil Resumos Abstracts IX SEGED Coordenação: Vice-coordenação: Rosana Tidon (UnB) Nilda Maria Diniz (UnB) Comitê Científico: Comissão Organizadora e Antonio Bernardo de Carvalho Executora (UFRJ) Bruna Lisboa de Oliveira Blanche C. Bitner-Mathè (UFRJ) Bárbara F.D.Leão Claudia Rohde (UFPE) Dariane Isabel Schneider Juliana Cordeiro (UFPEL) Francisco Roque Lilian Madi-Ravazzi (UNESP) Henrique Valadão Marlúcia Bonifácio Martins (MPEG) Hilton de Jesus dos Santos Igor de Oliveira Santos Comitê de avaliação dos Jonathan Mendes de Almeida trabalhos: Leandro Carvalho Francisco Roque (IFB) Lucas Las-Casas Martin Alejandro Montes (UFRP) Natalia Barbi Chaves Victor Hugo Valiati (UNISINOS) Pedro Henrique S. F. Gomes Gustavo Campos da Silva Kuhn Pedro Henrique S. Lopes (UFMG) Pedro Paulo de Queirós Souza Rogério Pincela Mateus Renata Alves da Mata (UNICENTRO) Waira Saravia Machida Lizandra Jaqueline Robe (UFSM) Norma Machado da Silva (UFSC) Gabriel Wallau (FIOCRUZ) IX SEGED Introdução O Simpósio de Ecologia, Genética e Evolução de Drosophila (SEGED) é um evento bianual que reúne drosofilistas do Brasil e do exterior desde 1999, e conta sempre com uma grande participação de estudantes. Em decorrência do constante diálogo entre os diversos laboratórios, os encontros têm sido muito produtivos para a discussão de problemas e consolidação de colaborações. Tendo em vista que as moscas do gênero Drosophila são excelentes modelos para estudos em diversas áreas (provavelmente os organismos eucariotos mais investigados pela Ciência), essas parcerias podem contribuir também para o desenvolvimento de áreas aplicadas, como a Biologia da Conservação e o controle biológico da dengue. -
New Immigrant Drosophilidae in Hawaii, and a Checklist of the Established Immigrant Species
NProcew .I mmHawaiianIgraNt E Dntomolrosoph. ISlidocae. (2009) in hawa 41:121–127ii 121 New Immigrant Drosophilidae in Hawaii, and a Checklist of the Established Immigrant Species Luc Leblanc, Patrick M. O’Grady1, Daniel Rubinoff, and Steven L. Montgomery2 Department of Plant and Environmental Protection Sciences, University of Hawaii, 3050 Maile Way, Room 310, Honolulu, HI 96822-2271 1Department of Environmental Science, Policy and Management, University of California, Berkeley, 117A Hilgard, Berkeley, CA 94720 294-610 Palai St., Waipahu, HI 96797-4535 Abstract. Six immigrant species are added to the list of Drosophilidae of Hawaii. They are: Amiota sp, Drosophila bizonata Kikkawa and Peng, D. nasutoides Okada, Hirtodrosophila sp. nr. unicolorata Wheeler, Scaptodrosophila sp., and Scaptomyza pallida (Zetterstedt). Seven new island records of previously established species are also documented. An annotated list of the 32 immigrant species of Drosophilidae established in Hawaii is provided, with the earliest confirmed year of detection for each species. Key words: Drosophilidae, Hawaii, Distribution The family Drosophilidae consists of 3950 valid species (Brake and Bächli 2008). With 559 endemic species (O’Grady et al. 2009), and an estimated 900-1000 in total, the Hawai- ian Islands have the highest regional drosophilid species diversity globally. Five species of immigrant Drosophilidae were listed as occurring in Hawaii by early authors (Sturtevant 1921, Bryan 1934), but most of these records were later shown to be misidentifications. Zimmerman (1943) was the first to document thoroughly the immigrant Hawaiian drosophilid fauna, based on available material in collections and field surveying. He pointed out that the species of Drosophila recorded in early literature as D. -
OPTIMIZATION of FRUIT FLY (Drosophila Melanogaster) CULTURE MEDIA for HIGHER YIELD of OFFSPRING
OPTIMIZATION OF FRUIT FLY (Drosophila melanogaster) CULTURE MEDIA FOR HIGHER YIELD OF OFFSPRING By TEE SUI YEE A project report submitted to the Department of Biological Science Faculty of Science Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science (Hons) Biotechnology May 2010 ABSTRACT OPTIMIZATION OF FRUIT FLY (Drosophila melanogaster) CULTURE MEDIA FOR HIGHER YIELD OF OFFSPRING Tee Sui Yee Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most widely used model organism in research on genetics and genome evolution. Mass culture of D. melanogaster is important to produce enough amounts of flies for research purposes. Various culture media have been formulated using simple and economic methods to produce large amounts of Drosophila. In this study, ten different culture media were formulated to culture inbred D. melanogaster and used as attractant to collect Kampar wild-type Drosophila species. Banana medium was used as the positive control medium and plain agar was used as the negative control medium. For inbred D. melanogaster, the number of pupal cases and hatched flies were calculated for two generations while only the number of pupal cases was calculated for wild-caught Drosophila species. The results were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, Tukey’s HSD multiple range test and paired sample t- test. One-way ANOVA showed that there were significant differences (p≤ 0.05) in the numbers of inbred offspring and also the numbers of wild-caught Drosophila species among different culture media. For inbred D. melanogaster, the banana and egg medium managed to breed the highest number of offspring for both generations. -
Extensive Morphological Divergence and Rapid Evolution of the Larval Neuromuscular Junction in Drosophila
Extensive morphological divergence and rapid evolution of the larval neuromuscular junction in Drosophila Megan Campbella and Barry Ganetzkyb,1 aNeuroscience Training Program and bLaboratory of Genetics, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 Contributed by Barry Ganetzky, January 20, 2012 (sent for review November 17, 2011) Although the complexity and circuitry of nervous systems undergo the evolution of synaptic morphology by analyzing NMJ pheno- evolutionary change, we lack understanding of the general types in different species of Drosophila. The overall body plan, principles and specific mechanisms through which it occurs. The musculature, and motor innervation pattern are precisely con- Drosophila larval neuromuscular junction (NMJ), which has been served among all species of Drosophila and are even shared with widely used for studies of synaptic development and function, is more distantly related groups of Diptera (3), despite enormous also an excellent system for studies of synaptic evolution because differences in size, habitat, food source, predation, and other the genus spans >40 Myr of evolution and the same identified aspects of their natural history and concomitant differences in synapse can be examined across the entire phylogeny. We have behavior. Moreover, the subgenus Drosophila by itself encom- now characterized morphology of the NMJ on muscle 4 (NMJ4) in passes at least 40 Myr of evolutionary history (4). The conserva- > Drosophila 20 species of . Although there is little variation within tion of body plan and muscle innervation over the evolutionary a species, NMJ morphology and complexity vary extensively be- history of Drosophila immediately raises the question of whether tween species. We find no significant correlation between NMJ NMJ morphology is also conserved or has undergone modifica- phenotypes and phylogeny for the species examined, suggesting tion in different species. -
Names Are Key to the Big New Biology Patterson, D. J.1, Cooper, J.2, Kirk
Names are key to the big new biology Patterson, D. J.1, Cooper, J.2, Kirk, P. M.3 , Pyle, R. L.4, Remsen, D. P.5 1. Biodiversity Informatics, Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA. [email protected] 2. Landcare Research, PO Box 40, Lincoln 7640, New Zealand. [email protected] 3. CABI UK, Bakeham Lane, Egham, Surrey, TW20 9TY, United Kingdom. [email protected] 4. Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice St., Honolulu, Hawaii 96817, USA. [email protected] 5. GBIF, Universitetsparken 15, Copenhagen Ø, DK 2100, Denmark. [email protected]. Abstract Those who seek answers to big, broad questions about biology, especially questions emphasizing the organism (taxonomy, evolution, ecology), will soon benefit from an emerging names-based infrastructure. It will draw on the almost universal association of organism names with biological information to index and interconnect information distributed across the Internet. The result will be a virtual data commons, expanding as further data are shared, allowing biology to become more of a “big science”. Informatics devices will exploit this ‘big new biology’, revitalizing comparative biology with a broad perspective to reveal previously inaccessible trends and discontinuities, so helping us to reveal unfamiliar biological truths. Here, we review the first components of this freely available, participatory, and semantic Global Names Architecture. Patterson Cooper Kirk Pyle Remsen: Names are key to the big new biology 1 The value of taxonomy to a biology that is changing “New Biology” is a vision [1] of a discipline evolving to become considerably more data- intensive as it accommodates increasing amounts of under-analysed data from high-throughput molecular and environmental technologies, and from large-scale digitization programs such as the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL, http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/). -
Pontificia Universidad Católica Del Ecuador
PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Filogenia molecular de especies ecuatorianas del grupo Drosophila mesophragmatica (Diptera, Drosophilidae) Tesis previa a la obtención del título de Magister en Biología de la Conservación MARÍA LUNA FIGUERO BOZA Quito, 2017 i PONTIFICIA UNIVERSIDAD CATÓLICA DEL ECUADOR FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS EXACTAS Y NATURALES ESCUELA DE CIENCIAS BIOLÓGICAS Certifico que la tesis de Magíster en Biología de la Conservación de la candidata María Luna Figuero ha sido concluida de conformidad con las normas establecidas; por lo tanto puede ser presentada para la calificación correspondiente Dra. Violeta Rafael Directora de la disertación Quito, Enero 2017 ii A mi madre y a mi hijo iii AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a la Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador, por permitirme cursar la Maestría en Biología de la Conservación y proporcionarme con una beca parcial. A la Doctora Violeta Rafael, por toda su enseñanza, por su apoyo y cariño. Por permitirme realizar este trabajo con especies tan importantes y queridas para ella. A Doris Vela por instruirme en algunas de las técnicas moleculares y aportarme con comentarios y sugerencias valiosas. A Omar Torres y Santiago Ron, por permitirme realizar parte de mi trabajo en el Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Museo QCAZ, así como darme acceso a los computadores para realizar los análisis estadísticos; además a Omar Torres, por revisar mi trabajo y realizar observaciones y sugerencias imprescindibles. A todos los tesistas, estudiantes, becarios y voluntarios que han pasado por el laboratorio de Genética Evolutiva. Cada uno de ellos ha sido parte importante de este trabajo. -
Diversification in the Hawaiian Drosophila
Diversification in the Hawaiian Drosophila By Richard Thomas Lapoint A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy and Management in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in charge: Professor Patrick M. O’Grady, Chair Professor George K. Roderick Professor Craig Moritz Spring 2011 ! Diversification in the Hawaiian Drosophila Copyright 2011 By Richard Thomas Lapoint ! Abstract Diversification in the Hawaiian Drosophila by Richard Thomas Lapoint Doctor of Philosophy in Environmental Science, Policy and Management University of California, Berkeley Professor Patrick M. O’Grady, Chair The Hawaiian Islands have been recognized as an ideal place to study evolutionary processes due to their remote location, multitude of ecological niches and diverse biota. As the oldest and largest radiation in the Hawaiian Islands the Hawaiian Drosophilidae have been the focus of decades of evolutionary research and subsequently the basis for understanding how much of the diversity within these islands and other island systems have been generated. This dissertation revolves around the diversification of a large clade of Hawaiian Drosophila, and examines the molecular evolution of this group at several different temporal scales. The antopocerus, modified tarsus, ciliated tarsus (AMC) clade is a group of 90 described Drosophila species that utilize decaying leafs as a host substrate and are characterized by a set of diagnostic secondary sexual characters: modifications in either antennal or tarsal morphologies. This research uses both phylogenetic and population genetic methods to study how this clade has evolved at increasingly finer evolutionary scales, from lineage to population level. -
View of the Invasion of Drosophila Suzukii in Gether with the 5′ UTR (Annotated in Green) Are Compared
Yan et al. BMC Genetics 2020, 21(Suppl 2):146 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12863-020-00939-y RESEARCH Open Access Identification and characterization of four Drosophila suzukii cellularization genes and their promoters Ying Yan1,2*, Syeda A. Jaffri1, Jonas Schwirz2, Carl Stein1 and Marc F. Schetelig1,2* Abstract Background: The spotted-wing Drosophila (Drosophila suzukii) is a widespread invasive pest that causes severe economic damage to fruit crops. The early development of D. suzukii is similar to that of other Drosophilids, but the roles of individual genes must be confirmed experimentally. Cellularization genes coordinate the onset of cell division as soon as the invagination of membranes starts around the nuclei in the syncytial blastoderm. The promoters of these genes have been used in genetic pest-control systems to express transgenes that confer embryonic lethality. Such systems could be helpful in sterile insect technique applications to ensure that sterility (bi-sex embryonic lethality) or sexing (female-specific embryonic lethality) can be achieved during mass rearing. The activity of cellularization gene promoters during embryogenesis controls the timing and dose of the lethal gene product. Results: Here, we report the isolation of the D. suzukii cellularization genes nullo, serendipity-α, bottleneck and slow-as- molasses from a laboratory strain. Conserved motifs were identified by comparing the encoded proteins with orthologs from other Drosophilids. Expression profiling confirmed that all four are zygotic genes that are strongly expressed at the early blastoderm stage. The 5′ flanking regions from these cellularization genes were isolated, incorporated into piggyBac vectors and compared in vitro for the promoter activities. -
Introduction and Bibliography
Pacific Science (1988), vol. 42, nos. 1-2 © 1988 by the University of Hawaii Press. All rights reserved Introduction and Bibliography Hampton Carson first came to Hawaii in LITERATURE CITED June 1963 at the urging of Elmo Hardy and Wilson Stone. That year saw the first major CARSON, H. L. 1980. Hypotheses that blur gathering in Honolulu of scientists from and grow. Pages 383-384 in E. Mayr and many specialties in the interdisciplinary and W. B. Provine, eds. The evolutionary syn cooperative pattern that has proved so pro thesis: Perspectives on the unification of ductive in the study of Hawaiian Drosophila biology. Harvard Univ. Press, Cambridge, on "the Project" (Spieth 1980). Carson came Mass . with Harrison Stalker from Washington SPIETH, H. T. 1980. Hawaiian Drosophila University in St. Louis. Together (following Project. Proc., Hawaiian Entomol. Soc. Dobzhansky), they had developed a power 23(2) :275-291. ful method of population studies based on detailed examination of the distribution of inversions in the polytene chromosomes of Bibliography ofHampton Lawrence Carson Drosophila robusta and other species of the 1934-1986 mesic forests of the central and eastern United States. 1. CARSON, H. L. 1934. Labrador quarry. Carson's cytological approach can be traced General Mag. 37(1) :97-104. to the influence of McClung, and especially 2. CARSON, H. L. 1935. Use of medicinal of Metz, during his graduate studies at the herbs among the Labrador Eskimo. University of Pennsylvania in the late 1930s General Mag. 37(4):436-439. and early 1940s (Carson 1980). These studies 3. CARSON, H . L.