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Morphological Systematics of the Nightshade Flea Beetles Epitrix
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses 8-2016 Morphological Systematics of the Nightshade Flea Beetles Epitrix Foudras and Acallepitrix Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) in America North of Mexico Anthony Martin Deczynski Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Recommended Citation Deczynski, Anthony Martin, "Morphological Systematics of the Nightshade Flea Beetles Epitrix Foudras and Acallepitrix Bechyné (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Galerucinae: Alticini) in America North of Mexico" (2016). All Theses. 2479. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/2479 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEMATICS OF THE NIGHTSHADE FLEA BEETLES EPITRIX FOUDRAS AND ACALLEPITRIX BECHYNÉ (COLEOPTERA: CHRYSOMELIDAE: GALERUCINAE: ALTICINI) IN AMERICA NORTH OF MEXICO A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Entomology by Anthony Martin Deczynski August 2016 Accepted by: Dr. Michael Caterino, Committee Chair Dr. Peter Adler Dr. J. Antonio Baeza ABSTRACT The flea beetle genera Epitrix and Acallepitrix are revised for America North of Mexico, building on a prior preliminary revision of the genus Epitrix by the author (Deczynski 2014). Four new species are described: Epitrix cuprea sp. nov., E. rileyi sp. nov., E. latifrons sp. nov., and E. vasinoda sp. nov., bringing the North American Epitrix fauna to a total of 26 species. A key is provided to adults of all species. -
The Green Lacewings of the Genus Chrysopa in Maryland ( Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
The Green Lacewings of the Genus Chrysopa in Maryland ( Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) Ralph A. Bram and William E. Bickley Department of Entomology INTRODUCTION Tlw green lacewings which are members of the genus Chrysopa are extreme- ly lwndicia1 insects. The larvae are commonly called aphislions and are well known as predators of aphids and other injurious insects. They play an important part in the regulation of populations of pests under natural conditions, and in California they have been cultured in mass and released for the control of mealy- bugs ( Finney, 1948 and 1950) . The positive identification of members of the genus is desirable for the use of biological-control workers and entomologists in general. Descriptions of most of the Nearctic species of Chrysopidae have relied heavily on body pigmentation and to a lesser extent on wing shape, venational patterns and coloration. Specimens fade when preserved in alcohol or on pins, and natural variation in color patterns occurs in many species ( Smith 1922, Bickley 1952). It is partly for these reasons that some of the most common and relatively abundant representatives of the family are not easily recognized. The chrysopid fauna of North America was treated comprehensively by Banks ( 1903). Smith ( 1922) contributed valuable information about the biology of the green lacewings and about the morphology and taxonomy of the larvae. He also pro- vided k<'ys and other help for the identification of species from Kansas ( 1925, 1934) and Canada ( 1932). Froeschner ( 194 7) similarly dealt with Missouri species. Bickley and MacLeod ( 1956) presented a review of the family as known to occur in the N earctic region north of Mexico. -
Bugila Phd Thesis Document Final
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by UTL Repository Host-parasitoid relationships of Anagyrus sp. near pseudococci (Girault), (Hymenoptera, Encyrtidae), as a basis to improve biological control of pest mealybugs (Hemiptera, Pseudococcidae) TESE APRESENTADA PARA OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE DOUTOR EM ENGENHARIA AGRONÓMICA Abdalbaset Abusalah Ali Bugila Orientador: Professor Doutor José Carlos Franco Santos Silva Co-orientador: Professora Doutora Manuela Rodrigues Branco Simões JÚRI: Presidente : Reitor da Universidade de Lisboa Vogais: Doutora Laura Monteiro Torres Professora Catedrática, Escola de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias da Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro Doutor António Maria Marques Mexia Professor Catedrático, Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa Doutor David João Horta Lopes Professor Auxiliar com agregação, Universidade dos Açores; Doutor José Carlos Franco Santos Silva Professor Auxiliar, Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa Doutora Elisabete Tavares Lacerda de Figueiredo Oliveira Professora Auxiliar, Instituto Superior de Agronomia da Universidade de Lisboa. LISBOA 2014 Index Abstract vii ....................................................................................................................... Resumo viii ………………………………………………………………………..….…. 1. Introduction 1 ………………………………………………………………….….. 1.1. State of the art 2 …………………………………………………………….…. 1.2. Objectives 4 …………………………………………………………………..... 1.3. References 5 ……………………………………………………………….….. -
Flea Beetles (Order: Coleoptera, Family: Chrysomelidae/Alticinae) Tobacco (Epitrix Hirtipennis (Melsheimer)) Southern Tobacco (
Flea beetles (Order: Coleoptera, Family: Chrysomelidae/Alticinae) Tobacco (Epitrix hirtipennis (Melsheimer)) Southern tobacco (Epitrix fasciata (Blatchley)) Pale striped (Systena blanda (Melsheimer)) Description: Adult: The tobacco and southern tobacco flea beetle adults are small (1.4- 2.2 mm in length) and reddish, yellow brown, with a brown patch across the width of the elytra. The southern tobacco adult is slightly smaller and wider than the tobacco flea beetle. The pale striped flea beetle adult is larger (3.0- 4.3 mm long) and has a pair of pale yellow stripes lengthwise down the back, one stripe on each elytron. Immature stages: All of the above species have three larval instars that are whitish with darker heads, and all feed on fine roots near the soil surface or occasionally tunnel into larger roots. The tobacco flea beetle larvae range Tobacco flea beetle adult. from 1 mm after hatching to 4.2 mm at maturity, while the pale stripe larvae range from 1 to 11 mm. Biology: Life cycle: Tobacco flea beetle females can lay up to 200 eggs which hatch in 6- 8 days. The larval development typically lasts from 16-20 days under warm conditions. The last instar larva forms a small cell in the soil where it pupates, and the adult emerges 4-5 days later for a total of 26-33 days. The pale striped flea beetle requires a longer time to develop from egg to adult, 28-54 days total. Seasonal distribution: There are 3-4 generations of the tobacco flea beetles per year. High numbers have been observed in south Georgia in late June in Solanaceous crop transplants, and we think that this is likely a second generation. -
Impact of Different Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the Olfactory Response of Sipha Flava (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and Its Predators
J Insect Behav (2014) 27:722–728 DOI 10.1007/s10905-014-9463-3 Impact of Different Carbon Dioxide Concentrations in the Olfactory Response of Sipha flava (Hemiptera: Aphididae) and its Predators Marcy G. Fonseca & Dayane R. Santos & Alexander M. Auad Revised: 6 August 2014 /Accepted: 8 August 2014 / Published online: 27 August 2014 # Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014 Abstract The increasing level CO2 may altered host plant physiology and hence affect the foraging behavior of herbivore insects and predator. Hence, the aim of this study was provides evidence that host plants grown at different levels of CO2 can alter the choice behavior of aphid, Sipha flava and their natural enemies, Cycloneda sanguinea and Diomus seminulus. The plant used was Pennisetum purpureum,cultivarCameron Piracicaba growing in greenhouse (mean value of CO2=440 ppm), climatic chamber with constant value of CO2=500 ppm and climatic chamber with fluctuating CO2 (mean value=368 ppm). A glass Y-shape olfactometer was used to verify the insects responses towards elephant grass plants cultivated under different conditions. The aphids were statistically more attracted by plants grown with constant CO2 level (500 ppm) than by plants grown with fluctuating CO2 level or plants grown in greenhouse. There was no difference in S. flava preference to non-infested versus infested plants by conspecifics. The predator C. sanguinea did not show difference between plants grown with constant CO2 level and infested or not with S. flava. However, the predator D. seminulus showed higher preference to plants grown with constant CO2 level and infested with S. flava. -
Present Or Past Herbivory: a Screening of Volatiles Released from Brassica Rapa Under Caterpillar Attacks As Attractants for the Solitary Parasitoid, Cotesia Vestalis
J Chem Ecol (2010) 36:620–628 DOI 10.1007/s10886-010-9802-6 Present or Past Herbivory: A Screening of Volatiles Released from Brassica rapa Under Caterpillar Attacks as Attractants for the Solitary Parasitoid, Cotesia vestalis Soichi Kugimiya & Takeshi Shimoda & Jun Tabata & Junji Takabayashi Received: 20 February 2010 /Revised: 7 April 2010 /Accepted: 11 May 2010 /Published online: 20 May 2010 # Springer Science+Business Media, LLC 2010 Abstract Females of the solitary endoparasitoid Cotesia decreased after removal of the host larvae, whereas vestalis respond to a blend of volatile organic compounds terpenoids and their related compounds continued to be (VOCs) released from plants infested with larvae of their released at high levels. Benzyl cyanide and dimethyl host, the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella), which is trisulfide attracted parasitoids in a dose-dependent manner, an important pest insect of cruciferous plants. We investi- whereas the other compounds were not attractive. These gated the flight response of female parasitoids to the results suggest that nitrile and sulfide compounds tempo- cruciferous plant Brassica rapa, using two-choice tests rarily released from plants under attack by host larvae are under laboratory conditions. The parasitoids were more potentially more effective attractants for this parasitoid than attracted to plants that had been infested for at least 6 hr by other VOCs that are continuously released by host- the host larvae compared to intact plants, but they did not damaged plants. distinguish between plants infested for only 3 hr and intact plants. Although parasitoids preferred plants 1 and 2 days Key Words Herbivore-induced plant volatiles . after herbivory (formerly infested plants) over intact plants Indirect defense . -
Arthropods and Nematodes: Functional Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems
2 Arthropods and Nematodes: Functional Biodiversity in Forest Ecosystems Pio Federico Roversi and Roberto Nannelli CRA – Research Centre for Agrobiology and Pedology, Florence Italy 1. Introduction Despite the great diversity of habitats grouped under a single name, forests are ecosystems characterized by the dominance of trees, which condition not only the epigeal environment but also life in the soil. Unlike other ecosystems such as grasslands or annual agricultural crops, forests are well characterized by precise spatial structures. In fact, we can identify three main layers in all forests: a canopy layer of tree crowns, including not only green photosynthesizing organs but also branches of various sizes; a layer formed by the tree trunks; a layer including bushes and grasses, which can sometimes be missing when not enough light filters through the canopy. To these layers must be added the litter and soil, which houses the root systems. Other characteristic features of forests, in addition to their structural complexity, are the longevity of the plants, the peculiar microclimates and the presence of particular habitats not found outside of these biocoenoses, such as fallen trunks and tree hollows. Even in the case of woods managed with relatively rapid cycles to produce firewood, forests are particularly good examples of ecosystems organized into superimposed layers that allow the maximum use of the solar energy. The biomass of forests is largely stored in the trees, with the following general distribution: ca. 2% in the leaves and almost 98% in trunks, branches and roots. In conditions of equilibrium between the arboreal vegetation and animal populations, saprophages, which use parts of plants and remains of organisms ending up in the litter, play a very important role. -
Universidade Federal De Santa Catarina Centro De Ciências Agrárias Departamento De Fitotecnia
UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOTECNIA Controle biológico com Coleoptera: Coccinellidae das cochonilhas (Homoptera: Diaspididae, Dactylopiidae), pragas da “palma forrageira”. Ícaro Daniel Petter FLORIANÓPOLIS, SANTA CATARINA NOVEMBRO DE 2010 UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA CENTRO DE CIÊNCIAS AGRÁRIAS DEPARTAMENTO DE FITOTECNIA Controle biológico com Coleoptera: Coccinellidae das cochonilhas (Homoptera: Diaspididae, Dactylopiidae), pragas da “palma forrageira”. Relatório do Estágio de Conclusão do Curso de Agronomia Graduando: Ícaro Daniel Petter Orientador: César Assis Butignol FLORIANÓPOLIS, SANTA CATARINA NOVEMBRO DE 2010 ii Aos meus pais, por tudo, minha mais profunda gratidão e consideração. iii AGRADECIMENTOS À UFSC e à Embrapa (CPATSA) pelo apoio na realização do estágio. Ao Professor César Assis Butignol pela orientação. A todos que, de alguma forma, contribuíram positivamente na minha graduação, meus sinceros agradecimentos. iv RESUMO Neste trabalho relata-se o programa de controle biológico das cochonilhas, Diaspis echinocacti Bouché, 1833 (Homoptera: Diaspididae) e Dactylopius opuntiae Cockerell, 1896 (Homoptera: Dactylopiidae), pragas da “palma forrageira” (Opuntia ficus-indica (Linnaeus) Mill, e Nopalea cochenillifera Salm- Dyck) (Cactaceae), no semi-árido nordestino, atualmente desenvolvido pela Embrapa Semi-Árido (CPATSA) em Petrolina (PE). Os principais trabalhos foram com duas espécies de coccinelídeos predadores, a exótica Cryptolaemus montrouzieri Mulsant, -
Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; Download Unter
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Entomofauna Jahr/Year: 2007 Band/Volume: 0028 Autor(en)/Author(s): Yefremova Zoya A., Ebrahimi Ebrahim, Yegorenkova Ekaterina Artikel/Article: The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) 321-356 ©Entomofauna Ansfelden/Austria; download unter www.biologiezentrum.at Entomofauna ZEITSCHRIFT FÜR ENTOMOLOGIE Band 28, Heft 25: 321-356 ISSN 0250-4413 Ansfelden, 30. November 2007 The Subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae in Iran, with description of new species (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae) Zoya YEFREMOVA, Ebrahim EBRAHIMI & Ekaterina YEGORENKOVA Abstract This paper reflects the current degree of research of Eulophidae and their hosts in Iran. A list of the species from Iran belonging to the subfamilies Eulophinae, Entedoninae and Tetrastichinae is presented. In the present work 47 species from 22 genera are recorded from Iran. Two species (Cirrospilus scapus sp. nov. and Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) are described as new. A list of 45 host-parasitoid associations in Iran and keys to Iranian species of three genera (Cirrospilus, Diglyphus and Aprostocetus) are included. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel zeigt den derzeitigen Untersuchungsstand an eulophiden Wespen und ihrer Wirte im Iran. Eine Liste der für den Iran festgestellten Arten der Unterfamilien Eu- lophinae, Entedoninae und Tetrastichinae wird präsentiert. Mit vorliegender Arbeit werden 47 Arten in 22 Gattungen aus dem Iran nachgewiesen. Zwei neue Arten (Cirrospilus sca- pus sp. nov. und Aprostocetus persicus sp. nov.) werden beschrieben. Eine Liste von 45 Wirts- und Parasitoid-Beziehungen im Iran und ein Schlüssel für 3 Gattungen (Cirro- spilus, Diglyphus und Aprostocetus) sind in der Arbeit enthalten. -
Impact of Odor Signals on Cycloneda Sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Searching Behavior
Cien. Inv. Agr. 35(2): 205-210. 2008 www.rcia.puc.cl NOTA DE INVESTIGACION Impact of odor signals on Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) searching behavior Guillermo E. Heit1, Graciela Cohen2, and Graciela Mareggiani1 1Cátedra de Zoología Agrícola, Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Avda. San Martín 4453 (1417), Buenos Aires, Argentina. 2Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. Abstract G. Heit, G. Cohen, and G. Mareggiani. 2008. Impact of odor signals on Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) searching behavior. Cien. Inv. Agr. 35(2):205-210. Volatile infochemicals generated by aphids, their host plants, or from the interaction between host plant and herbivore (herbivore-induced volatile plant compounds) are among the environmental stimuli used by predators to locate prey. The objective of this study was to evaluate the olfactometric response of the predator Cycloneda sanguinea (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) to volatile infochemicals associated with the tomato plant, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. (Solanaceae), and the aphid prey Myzus persicae Sulzer (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Predator behavior was evaluated in an airfl ow olfactometer at 24 ± 2ºC with 65 ± 10% relative humidity and a 16 h photoperiod. Latency time and the number of visits to the active chamber where the odor source was located were recorded. The odor sources studied were: a. thirty healthy aphids; b. uninfested tomato leaves; c. infested tomato with 30 healthy aphids; d. infested tomato leaves with 30 stressed aphids; e. thirty stressed aphids. C. sanguinea adults were strongly attracted to the odors of infested tomato leaves, but for the other odor sources, they did not visit active chambers more often than inactive chambers. -
Occurrence of Diamondback Moths Plutella Xylostella and Their Parasitoid Wasps
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/357814; this version posted June 28, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 Occurrence of diamondback moths Plutella xylostella and their parasitoid wasps 2 Cotesia vestalis in mizuna greenhouses and their surrounding areas 3 4 Junichiro Abe1†, Masayoshi Uefune2†, Kinuyo Yoneya3, Kaori Shiojiri4 and Junji 5 Takabayashi5 6 7 1 National Agricultural Research Center for Western Region, Ayabe, Kyoto, 623-0035, 8 Japan 9 2 Department Agrobiological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Meijo University, 10 Nagoya, Aichi 468-8502, Japan 11 3 Entomological Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Kindai University, 3327-204, 12 Nakamachi, Nara 631-8505, Japan 13 4 Department of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Ooe, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, 14 Japan 15 5 Center for Ecological Research, Kyoto University, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2113, Japan 16 17 † Both are equally contributed to this paper 18 19 Correspondence: Junichiro Abe, National Agricultural Research Center for Western 20 Region, Ayabe, Kyoto, 623-0035, Japan; Tel: +81-84-923-4100 Fax: +81-84-924-7893 21 E-mail: [email protected] 22 23 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/357814; this version posted June 28, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 24 Author Contribution 25 JA, MU and JT conceived research. A, MU, YK and KS conducted 26 experiments. JA and MU analysed field data and conducted statistical analyses. -
Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)
Zootaxa 3351: 1–14 (2012) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2012 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) A new genus of Neotropical Chrysopini (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) FRANCISCO SOSA1 & SERGIO DE FREITAS2 1 Universidad Centroccidental “Lisandro Alvarado”, Museo Entomológico “Dr. José Manuel Osorio” (UCOB), Barquisimeto, Lara, . E-mail: [email protected] 2 Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil (deceased) Abstract Titanochrysa Sosa & Freitas is a new genus of Neotropical Chrysopini (Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae) recorded from Costa Rica, Venezuela and Brazil. Titanochrysa gen. nov. shares several external and genitalic characters with Ceraeochrysa Adams, 1982; Chrysopodes Navás, 1913; Cryptochrysa Freitas & Penny, 2000; Parachrysopiella Brooks & Barnard, 1990 and Ungla Navás 1914. It may be distinguished from those genera by its very long sternite 8+9, sternites 2–8 usually with microtholi, male geni- talia with the dorsal surface of the arcessus striated, gonosaccus well-developed, bearing elongate gonosetae and microsetae, and a spoon-like gonapsis. Herein, Titanochrysa circumfusa (Burmeister, 1939) [= Chrysopodes circumfusa (Burmeister)] comb. nov. and Titanochrysa pseudovaricosa (Penny) [= Ceraeochrysa pseudovaricosa Penny, 1998] comb. nov. were identi- fied; Titanochrysa ferreirai Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. and Titanochrysa trespuntensis Sosa & Freitas sp. nov. were described. The external morphology, and male and female genitalia of all these species