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Determining the Factors Affecting the Turnaround Time of Container Vessels: a Case Study on Port of Colombo

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Determining the Factors Affecting the Turnaround Time of Container Vessels: a Case Study on Port of Colombo World Maritime University The Maritime Commons: Digital Repository of the World Maritime University World Maritime University Dissertations Dissertations 11-4-2018 Determining the factors affecting the turnaround time of container vessels: a case study on Port of Colombo Wajira H.V. Premathilaka Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations Part of the Transportation Commons Recommended Citation Premathilaka, Wajira H.V., "Determining the factors affecting the turnaround time of container vessels: a case study on Port of Colombo" (2018). World Maritime University Dissertations. 600. https://commons.wmu.se/all_dissertations/600 This Dissertation is brought to you courtesy of Maritime Commons. Open Access items may be downloaded for non-commercial, fair use academic purposes. No items may be hosted on another server or web site without express written permission from the World Maritime University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WORLD MARITIME UNIVERSITY Malmö, Sweden DETERMINING THE FACTORS AFFECTING THE TURNAROUND TIME OF CONTAINER VESSELS A CASE STUDY ON PORT OF COLOMBO By WAJIRA PREMATHILAKA Sri Lanka A Dissertation submitted to the World Maritime University in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In MARITIME AFFAIRS (PORT MANAGEMENT) 2018 Copyright Wajira Premathilaka, 2018 DECLARATION I certify that all the material in this dissertation that is not my own work has been identified, and that no material is included for which a degree has previously been conferred on me. The contents of this dissertation reflect my own personal views, and are not necessarily endorsed by the University. Signature : Date : 2018.09.17 Supervised by : Professor Daniel Moon Supervisor’s Affiliation: PM ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I would like to take this opportunity to convey my heartiest gratitude and gratefulness to all those who gave their invaluable courage, contribution and spent their valuable time for guiding and supporting me to complete this research study successfully. First and foremost, I would like to pay my gratitude to the World Maritime University for giving me the opportunity to enroll for the Master of Science (MSc) degree program. This was a dream I have cherished for many years. Then I must really convey my sincere gratefulness to the Chairman and all the kind staff of the Sasakawa Peace Foundation (Japan). Without their generous support this would have been just a dream for me and I would not have been able to achieve all the knowledge and experiences I have gained so far during my study period at WMU. Next, I owe my appreciation to two special members of our top management at Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA) - Mr. S. Premachandra (Managing Director) and Mr. Jayantha Perera (Director (P/O)), for putting their kind faith on me to participate for this study program. Also I would like to extend my sincere appreciation to my senior management specially including Mr. H.J.K.U Kumara, Mr. L.P.S. Chandana, Mr. Pradeep Perera and Mr. Anura Bandara for their encouragement and all the assistance given. Further, I really appreciate the support of my senior colleague Mr. Priyashantha Ketipearachchi for helping me to obtain all the required data for carrying out the dissertation. Then, I must really thank to our Professor, my inspirational supervisor, Professor Daniel Moon for all his guidance, assistance and comments for helping me to carry out a meaningful research study. Further, I need to thank Asst. Professor Satya Sahoo for his kind assistance and guidance as well. Without their support this research study effort would not have been a success. I would also like to extend my gratitude to all the nice people I met at WMU, specially including my best friends Amjath, Ramil, Balaji, Eugene, Ivan and Kanchisa for being with me and helping me to have unforgettable memories throughout this time. I wish this wonderful friendship will last forever. I am deeply indebted to the encouragement and support given by my family members, specially my bother for looking after our parents while I am far away from home. Finally, I really appreciate all the supportive people who helped me even by a word for the success of this research study. Wajira Premathilaka iii ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: Determining the Factors Affecting the Turnaround Time of Container Vessels - A Case Study on Port of Colombo Degree: Master of Science The dynamic and competitive nature of maritime industry has urged container terminal operators to improve their performances day-by-day; not just to attract new customers, but to survive in the business. Similarly, the Port of Colombo is also facing the same pressure as it has to compete with other transshipment hub ports in the Asian region including Singapore, Tanjung Pelepas and Jabel Ali in order to secure its position in highly competitive transshipment market. With the understanding that the Vessel Turnaround Time (VTT) is one of the key performance measures that the international shipping lines consider in selecting their transshipment hub ports; this study analyses the factors that affect the turnaround time of container vessels. The vessel operations data of Jaya Container Terminal (JCT) in the operational year of 2017 was considered for the analysis which included 1255 container vessels operated at its main berths. During the study, it was identified that there are a number of factors that affect vessel turnaround time; hence key factors under the control of the terminal operator were considered for in-depth analysis using the regression model. The study was carried out as a scenario analysis in order to identify how VTT and influential factors behave in different situations. As per the results; number of container moves, crane intensity, gross crane productivity, berth productivity and number of quay cranes were identified as the key affecting factors while recognizing the importance of the time related variables such as berthing delay, sailing delay, idle time, productive time and vessel detention times in determining VTT. With the results of the study, along with the discussion and recommendations; it was expected to highlight the areas that terminal managers need to focus on in order to reduce the turnaround time of container vessels to enhance the competitiveness of the Port of Colombo in the transshipment business. Key Words: Vessel Turnaround Time, Port of Colombo, Regression, Container Moves, Crane Intensity, Gross Crane Productivity, Berth Productivity and Quay Cranes iv TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................... iii LIST OF TABLES ..................................................................................................... vii LIST OF FIGURES .................................................................................................. viii LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ..................................................................................... ix CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION ........................................................................ 1 1.1 Background ................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Case Definition .............................................................................................. 3 1.3 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................ 4 1.4 Methodology ................................................................................................ 5 1.5 Research Design ............................................................................................ 6 CHAPTER TWO - LITERATURE REVIEW ............................................................. 7 CHAPTER THREE - THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK AND METHODOLOGY 13 3.1 Conceptual Framework ............................................................................... 19 3.2 Operationalization ....................................................................................... 20 3.3 Process Flow for a Container Vessel .......................................................... 21 CHAPTER FOUR - STATISTICAL ANALYSIS & DISCUSSIONS ..................... 22 4.1 VTT Against Independent Variables Individually ........................................... 24 4.1.1 Container Moves vs VTT .......................................................................... 24 4.1.2 Crane Intensity vs VTT ............................................................................. 25 4.1.3 Productive Time vs VTT ........................................................................... 27 4.1.4 Other Independent Variables vs VTT ........................................................ 28 4.2 VTT Against Independent Variables All Together .......................................... 31 4.2.1 Main Lines Vessels and Feeder Line Vessels ........................................... 32 4.2.2 VTT Analysis based on Time Period ........................................................ 33 4.2.3 VTT Analysis Based on Number of Moves .............................................. 34 4.3 Discussions - Application of Key Factors at JCT ............................................ 35 4.3.1 Number of Container Moves, Berthing and Sailing Delay ....................... 35 v 4.3.2 Berthing Delay and Sailing Delay ............................................................. 36 4.3.3 Idle Times, Breakdowns and Other Delays ..............................................
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