2014 National History Bee National Championships Round
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2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Round 6 BEE ROUND 6 1. This man designed the riding saddle still used by the U.S. Army cavalry. He was nominated over Thomas Seymour, but reached out to Seymour's faction of the party by choosing George Pendleton as his running mate. He angered members of his party by repudiating the "peace plank" drafted by Clement Vallandigham, a leader of the Copperheads. This man was removed from command after he failed to pursue Confederate forces defeated at Antietam. For the point, name this Union general who was fired by Lincoln and ran against him as the Democratic nominee in 1864. ANSWER: George Brinton McClellan 121-13-94-24101 2. In Italy, this artist labored on a never-finished frieze depicting the Race of the Riderless Horse. Thunderclouds roll in the background of his painting of a helmeted cavalry officer stumbling around with a cane while guiding his horse. This artist depicted Napoleonic warfare in The Wounded Cuirassier and The Charging Chasseur. Another painting by him implicitly criticizes Charles X, since it depicts an incident in which an incompetent captain jettisoned the lower classes aboard his ship. For the point, name this French Romantic painter of The Raft of the Medusa. ANSWER: Theodore Gericault 080-13-94-24102 3. An 1873 debate over whether to perform this action was known as the Seikanron. An event of this type in the 1590s was ended by the Council of Five Elders after the Siege of Jinju sparked Chinese intervention, ending Hideyoshi Toyotomi's plans to use this action as a base for conquering the Ming Dynasty. In 1231, the first of six Mongol instances of this action occurred, subjugating the Goryeo Dynasty. For the point, identify this historical action in which Japan or China used military force to occupy another East Asian country. ANSWER: invading Korea [or occupying Korea or going to war with Korea, etc; prompt on partial answer] 019-13-94-24103 4. This event was made worse by the widespread use of "jetties" atop tenement buildings. John Evelyn and Robert Hooke both proposed building a new orthogonal street system after this event. This disaster immediately followed the events described in Daniel Defoe's Journal of the Plague Year and is itself described in the diary of Samuel Pepys (PEEPS). After this event, Christopher Wren rebuilt St. Paul's and many other buildings. For the point, name this 1666 disaster which began in a bakery and destroyed most of the seat of British government. ANSWER: Great Fire of London [prompt on partial answer] 019-13-94-24104 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Round 6 Page 1 of 9 5. During periods of mourning, a dark one of these objects called a pulla was worn. A bleached white one of these objects is the root for the word "candidate" because it was only worn by those running for public office. Prostitutes were required by law to wear this article of clothing, which no other women were allowed to wear. A specially-trained slave called a "vestiplicus" was employed by some men to help create the "sinus" and "umbo" when putting on this piece of clothing. For the point, name this piece of clothing worn over tunics by freeborn Romans, which they wore loosely and in folds. ANSWER: togas 023-13-94-24105 6. During the reign of this emperor, the freedmen Narcissus and Pallas rose to positions of power. This emperor's expansionary policies included the annexation of Mauretania and Judea. This emperor made Camulodonum into a colony and executed his wife Messalina for marrying the consul Silius. This husband of Agrippina the Younger was made emperor when the Praetorian Guard found him shuddering in the wake of Caligula's murder. For the point, name this Julio-Claudian emperor famous for his stutter. ANSWER: Tiberius Claudius Caesar Augustus Germanicus 080-13-94-24106 7. A skirmish at Kishm Island in this body of water killed the namesake of Canada's largest island, William Baffin. Antonio Correia conquered an island here that was known for its pearls. On its shores, a region once called the "pirate coast" became known as the Trucial States when it was united by a Perpetual Maritime Truce with Britain. After departing from Socotra, Afonso de Albuquerque conquered an island in this sea in 1507. Britain helped recapture this body of water's island of Hormuz for the Safavid Empire. For the point, name this gulf between Iran and Arabia. ANSWER: Persian Gulf [or Arabian Gulf] 232-13-94-24107 8. At one point in this event, a speaker listed such groups as "the Order of Ahepa" and "Hadassah." A speech here welcomed a "kinder, gentler nation." At the end of this event, a speaker gave the "thousand points of light" speech, which featured the ill-fated promise, "read my lips: no new taxes." In a surprise announcement during this event's second day, the relatively unknown Dan Quayle was named as the running mate. For the point, name this event in which George H.W. Bush was nominated for President for the first time. ANSWER: 1988 Republican National Convention [or 1988 RNC; prompt on partial answer] 052-13-94-24108 9. The architectural firm Burnham & Root designed a "Temple" for the Chicago chapter of this organization. Articles published by this organization often featured stories involving Ned and his Uncle Jack. Children of members of this organization under the age of six often took part in "white ribbon ceremonies." The Union Signal is the main publication of this organization, whose first president, Annie Wittenmeyer, was followed by a woman who urged members to "do everything," named Frances Willard. For the point, name this prohibitionist group with only female members. ANSWER: Women's Christian Temperance Union [or WCTU] 020-13-94-24109 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Round 6 Page 2 of 9 10. This man lost his wife and three daughters in a fire at their house in the Presidio. He was once promoted over 862 senior officers, due in part to his pacification of the Moros during his command of Fort McKinley in the Mount Bagsak campaign. The leader of the Punitive Expedition, he gained his nickname while leading the Buffalo Soldiers in the Tenth Cavalry, and he led an expedition to capture Pancho Villa in 1916. For the point, identify this commander, nicknamed "Black Jack," who led the American Expeditionary Force during World War I. ANSWER: John Joseph Pershing 030-13-94-24110 11. The phrase "Swords into Ploughshares" was banned in this country, where an economic system introduced by Evsi Libermann led to the leader of the FDJ dancing the twist. 1953 worker uprisings in this country responded to the increased productivity quotas of the "New Course" system. Its secret police, led by Erich Mielke, employed nearly three percent of its population. The awful Trabant automobile was produced in this country, which was led by Walter Ulbricht and Erich Honecker for much of its existence. For the point, name this country, home to the Stasi, which built the Berlin Wall. ANSWER: East Germany [or German Democratic Republic; or GDR; or Deutsche Demokratische Republik; or DDR; do not accept or prompt on "Germany"] 141-13-94-24111 12. A speaker at this institution claimed there is a "time when the operation of the machine becomes so odious that you can't take part." The "bodies upon the gears" speech was given at Sproul Hall at this institution. Clark Kerr was dismissed from its presidency because he was perceived as too soft in handling protests here led by students such as Mario Savio. The 1960s Free Speech Movement series of protests was centered at this university, which Governor Ronald Reagan promised to "clean up." For the point, name this oldest and flagship institution within the University of California system. ANSWER: University of California, Berkeley [or UC-Berkeley; prompt on University of California] 052-13-94-24112 13. This leader's son Pufang became a major advocate for disabled peoples' rights after being defenestrated with his family watching. This man's status fell after he was accused of conspiracy by the Gang of Four. Sharing power with the Eight Elders, he reaffirmed his economic policies during a "southern tour." This man rose to power by weakening support for Hua Goufeng (WA gwo-FUNG). For the point, name this man who led the People's Republic of China towards a market economy in the years after Mao Zedong's death. ANSWER: Deng Xiaoping 192-13-94-24113 14. In 2013, five rural counties in this state voted to secede in the 51st State Initiative. In 1992, a referendum in this state limited its government's ability to raise taxes with the Taxpayer Bill of Rights. James Dobson founded Focus on the Family in this state, which is represented in the Senate by Michael Bennet and Mark Udall. In 2012, this state was the location of the Aurora shooting during a screening of The Dark Knight Rises. For the point, name this state governed by John Hickenlooper that legalized marijuana in the 2012 elections. ANSWER: Colorado 080-13-94-24114 2014 National History Bee National Championships Bee Round 6 Page 3 of 9 15. This empire assigned tax collection to kurakas and kamayuqs. This empire's native name, "Tawantinsuyu," comes from its organization as four quarters called suyus, each of which was divided into provinces called wamani. The second-in-command of this civilization was its chief priest, the Willaq Umu. Reviving this empire was the goal of the executed rebel Tupac Amaru.