Addition of Crepidium Calophyllum (Rchb.F.) Szlach., Eriodes Barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe and Erythrodes Blumei (Lindl.) Schltr.To

Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences ISSN: 2231– 6345 (Online) An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jls.htm 2017 Vol. 7 (2) April-June, pp. 1-4/Jakha and Dey Review Article ADDITION OF CREPIDIUM CALOPHYLLUM (RCHB.F.) SZLACH., ERIODES BARBATA (LINDL.) ROLFE AND ERYTHRODES BLUMEI (LINDL.) SCHLTR.TO THE ORCHID FLORA OF NAGALAND, INDIA *Hutoka Y. Jakha and Santanu Dey Department of Botany, Nagaland University, Lumami798627, Nagaland,INDIA * Author for Correspondence

ABSTRACT Three new record of orchids from Nagaland are reported in the present communication wherein Eriodes barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe and Erythrodes blumei (Lindl.) Schltr. are first generic records for the state. A brief description, colored photographs along with phenology and distributional range are provided.

Keywords: Crepidium calophyllum, Eriodes barbata, Erythrodes blumei, New Record, Nagaland

INTRODUCTION The family Orchidaceae is one of the largest families of flowering plants with ca.26, 567 species distributed worldwide (WCSP, 2017). In India orchids are mostly confined to North-Eastern region and Western Ghats constituting about 1378 species (Verma & Lavania, 2014) out of which about 890 species occur in North-East India (Rao, 2007). During a recent botanical exploration to Zunheboto district of Nagaland, some interesting specimens were collected and identified with the help of relevant taxonomic literature and specimens housed at the herbarium of Botanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong (ASSAM!). The collected species were previously unrecorded to the orchid flora of Nagaland (Chankija et al., 1992; Hynniewta et al., 2000; Deb et al., 2003; Deb & Imchen, 2008). Accordingly, three species are being reported here for the first time from Nagaland, of which latter two are first generic records for the state. The present communication provides a brief description along with colored photographs, phenology and distributional range for future reference and correct identification. Taxonomic Treatment Eriodes Barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe in Orchid Rev. 23:327. 1915.Tainia barbata Lindl. in Gard. Chron. 1857: 68. 1857. Eria barbata (Lindl.) Rchb.f. in Walpers, Ann. Bot. Syst. 6: 270. 1861. Pinalia barbata (Lindl.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2:679. 1891. Tainiopsis barbata (Lindl.) Schltr. in Orchis 9: 9. 1915. Neotainiopsis barbata (Lindl.) Raizada & Bennet in Indian forester 107: 433. 1981. Plants epiphytic, 40–80cm tall.Pseudobulb fibrous-sheathed at base. Leaves usually 1–3, 15–32 ×2.6– 5.5cm, elliptic-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, 3–5 main veins, petiolate; petiole 4–7cm long. Inflorescence 4–9-flowered, ca. 40 cm long; peduncle 25–35cm long, narrow from broad base, sheathed, pubescent; rachis 22–34cm, weakly zigzag, slender, pubescent; floral bracts 0.7–1.3 × ca. 0.4 cm, lanceolate, acute, pubescent. Flowers ca. 2.5 cm across, dirty yellow with burgundy to red stripes, fragrant; pedicel and ovary 3.0–4.5cm long, pubescent with flat, brown hair like ramentae. Sepals 1.0–1.4 ×0.2–0.5cm, elliptic-lanceolate, subsimiliar, acute, 5-veined, reflexed and spreading, pubescent externally; lateral sepals 1.0–1.4 ×0.2–0.6cm, falcate, connate at base to from a mentum; mentum ca. 3 mm long. Petals 1.2–1.5 ×ca. 0.2cm, linear-oblong, obtuse, 3-veined, glabrous. Lip 0.4–0.7 ×0.2–0.3 cm, simple, attached to column foot, recurved strongly, broadly ovate, veined clearly, apex sagittate with 2 small side projections. Column 3–5 mm long, curved, sharply angled [Figure 1A]. Flowering: September–November. Habitat and Ecology: Epiphytic and found growing on tree trunk. Specimen Examined: INDIA. Nagaland, Zunheboto District, Way to Mishilimi village, 25°51' 12.0"N & 94°19' 19.4"E, 835m, 12 September 2016, H.Y. Jakha 112 (NUH!).

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Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences ISSN: 2231– 6345 (Online) An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jls.htm 2017 Vol. 7 (2) April-June, pp. 1-4/Jakha and Dey Review Article Distribution: India [Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Nagaland (Present report)], Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Thailand and Vietnam. Crepidium calophyllum (Rchb.f.) Szlach., Fragm. Florist. Geobot., suppl. 3: 125. 1995. Microstylis calophylla Rchb.f., Gard. Chron., n.s., 12: 718. 1879. Malaxis calophylla (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl.2: 673. 1891. M. calophylla var. brachycheila (Hook.f.) Tang & F.T.Wang in Acta Phytotax. Sin. 1: 71. 1951. Microstylis scottii(Hook.f.) Kuntze, Revis. Gen. Pl. 2: 673. 1891. Plants terrestrial, 22–28cm tall. Pseudobulbs erect, leafy. Leaves 3–4, 5–12 ×2–4cm, oblong-lanceolate, oblique, acute, bronze, with green spotting, shortly petiolate, margins crenate, cream-coloured; petiole 1.5–3.3cm long, sheathing at base. Inflorescence racemose, laxly many-flowered; peduncle 10–13cm long, ridged; rachis 4–8 cm long; bracts narrow, 3–6mm long acuminate. Flowers 3.0–4.5mm long; sepals and petals pale purple to greenish-yellow, lip greenish-yellow; pedicel and ovary 3.0–3.5 mm long, linear. Dorsal sepal 3–4 ×1mm, oblong, obtuse; lateral sepals 3–4 ×1mm, oblong, curved, obtuse. Petals 3.5–4.3 ×ca.0.3mm, narrowly linear, obtuse. Lip 4–5 ×2.5–3.0 mm, biauriculate; base 3-lobed with projecting, notched mid-lobe. Column ca.1mm, stout [Figure 1B]. Flowering: June–July. Habitat and Ecology: Terrestrial on Humus rich soil in a sub-tropical forest. Specimen Examined: INDIA. Nagaland, Zunheboto District, Izheto village (V.K.Area), 26°13' 35.0"N&94°29'44.0"E, 738m, 11 June 2016, H.Y. Jakha 98 (NUH!). Distribution: India [Assam, Meghalaya, Sikkim, Nagaland (Present report)], Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Thailand and Malaysia. Erythrodes blumei (Lindl.) Schltr. in K. Schum. & Lauterb., Nachtr. Fl. Deut. Schutzgeb. Sudsee: 87. 1905; Seidenf., Dansk Bot. Arkiv 32(2): 10, figure la, 2. 1978; Ormerod in Lindleyana 17: 194, figure 3A-B. 2002; Chen et al., in Z.Y. Wu et al., (eds.), Fl. China 25: 56. 2009. Physurus blumei Lindl., Gen. Sp. Orchid. Pl. 504. 1840; Hook.f., FI. Brit. India 6: 94. 1890. Erythrodes chinensis (Rolfe) Schltr. in Orchideen: 117. 1915. Plants terrestrial. Stem-like rhizome creeping and rooting from its nodes. Flowering shoots erect from a decumbent base, 15–25cm tall. Leaves 3–5, 12–13 ×4.0–4.3cm, scattered on the lower part of the stem, obliquely ovate to elliptic- lanceolate, acute; petiole 1.5–3.4cm long. Inflorescence glandular-pubescent, cylindric; rachis 2–10cm long, densely 10 to many-flowered; bracts 5–8 mm long, boat-shaped, acute to acuminate, shorter than or subequal to the ovary. Flowers greenish brown with brownish-orange lip and purple streaks on the petals. Sepals densely glandular-pubescent on the dorsal side; dorsal sepal 4.0–4.3 ×1.2–1.4mm, boat-shaped, lanceolate oblong, obtuse, 1-veined; lateral sepals 4.8–5.0×2.0–2.1mm, spreading, obtuse, 1–3-veined. Petals 4.0–4.2 ×1.0– 1.2mm, obliquely linear lanceolate. Lip 3.1–3.4 mm long (excluding spur); spur 1.5–2.0 mm long, protruding ca. 1.5mm below the lateral sepals, apex emarginate; epichile elliptic, rounded to subacute. Column 3.0–3.2mm long, subclavate. Ovary 7–10mm long. Capsule 8–10mm long, subsessile, glandular-pubescent [Figure 1C]. Flowering: March–April. Habitat and Ecology: Terrestrial on humus rich soil in a sub-tropical forest. Specimen Examined: INDIA. Nagaland, Zunheboto District, Alaphumi village N26°12'11.5" E094°29'20.9", 971 m, 3 April 2017, H.Y. Jakha 172 (NUH!). Distribution: India [Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Nagaland (Present report)], Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam.

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A B

C Figure 1: A. Eriodes barbata (Lindl.) Rolfe; B. Crepidium calophyllum (Rchb.f.) Szlach;C C. Erythrodes blumei (Lindl.) Schltr

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Indian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Life Sciences ISSN: 2231– 6345 (Online) An Open Access, Online International Journal Available at http://www.cibtech.org/jls.htm 2017 Vol. 7 (2) April-June, pp. 1-4/Jakha and Dey Review Article ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors are thankful to Mr. Moayanger of Nagaland University for helping during the field survey and the first author (HYJ) is thankful to UGC-RGNF for providing financial assistance for field survey. We are also thankful to Dr. Avishek Bhattacharjee, Botanical Survey of India (BSI), Kolkata for helping in identification of Erythrodes blumei (Lindl.) Schltr. and Mr. Durgesh Verma, BSI, NRC Dehradun for going through the manuscript.

REFERECES Chankija S, Kumar Y and Gurung PB (1992). Orchids of Nagaland, (Forest Department, Nagaland, India). Deb CR and Imchen T (2008). Orchid Diversity of Nagaland, (Scichem Publishing House, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India). Deb CR, Jamir NS and Imchen T (2003). Orchid Diversity of Nagaland. A revised status. The Journal of the Orchid Society of India 17(1–2) 1–15. Govaerts R, Campacci MA, Baptista DH, Cribb PJ, George A, Kreutz K and Wood JJ (2017). World Checklist of Orchidaceae. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Published on the Internet. Available: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/ (Accessed 8 April 2017). Hynniewta TM, Kataki SK and Wadhwa BM (2000). Orchids of Nagaland, (Botanical Survey of India, Calcutta, India). Rao AN (2007). Orchid Flora of North East India-An Up to Date Analysis. Bulletin of Arunachal Forest Research 23(1&2) 6–38. Verma D and Lavania S (2014). Additions to the Orchid flora of Meghalaya, India. Richardiana 15 105–114. WCSP (2017). Kew Royal Botanic Gardens. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/home.do (Accessed: May, 2017).

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