Boston University Photonics Center Annual Report | 2015

Letter from the Director

THIS ANNUAL REPORT summarizes activities of the Boston University Photonics Center in the 2014–2015 academic year. In it, you will find quantitative and descrip- tive information regarding our photonics programs in education, interdisciplinary research, business innovation, and technology development. Located at the heart of Boston University’s large urban campus, the Photonics Center is an interdisciplinary hub for education, research, scholarship, innovation, and tech- nology development associated with practical uses of light. Our iconic building houses world-class research facilities and shared laboratories dedicated to photonics research, and sustains the work of 46 faculty members, 10 staff members, and more than 100 grad- uate students and postdoctoral fellows. This has been a good year for the Photonics Center. In the following pages, you will see that the center’s faculty received prodigious honors and awards, generated more than 100 notable scholarly publications in the leading journals in our field, and attracted $18.6M in new research grants/contracts. Faculty and staff also expanded their efforts in education and training, and were awarded two new National Science Foundation–­ sponsored sites for Research Experiences for Undergraduates and for Teachers. As a community, we hosted a compelling series of distinguished invited speakers, and empha- The Boston sized the theme of Advanced Materials by Design for the 21st Century at our annual symposium. We continued to support the National Photonics Initiative, and are a part University of a New York–based consortium that won the competition for a new photonics-themed­ Photonics Center node in the National Network of Manufacturing Institutes. has established Highlights of our research achievements for the year include an ambitious new itself as one of the DoD-sponsored grant for Multi-Scale Multi-Disciplinary Modeling of Electronic nation’s leading Materials led by Professor Enrico Bellotti, continued support of our NIH-sponsored academic programs Center for Innovation in Point of Care Technologies for the Future of Cancer Care for photonics led by Professor Catherine Klapperich, a new award for Personalized Chemotherapy scholarship, Through Rapid Monitoring with Wearable Optics led by Assistant Professor Darren education, and Roblyer, and a new award from DARPA to conduct research on Calligraphy to Build innovation. Tunable Optical Metamaterials led by Professor Dave Bishop. We were also honored to receive an award from the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center to develop a biophotonics laboratory in our Business Innovation Center. These programs in research, education, and outreach are indicative of the breadth of the Photonics Center’s research interests: from leading multi-institutional research teams in modeling of optoelectronic materials to research projects aimed at develop- ment of practical cancer diagnostics, from pioneering new atomic-scale optical fabri- cation techniques to hosting summer internship programs that target expanded STEM pipelines for students and teachers from diverse communities. The Industry/University Cooperative Research Center—the centerpiece of our transla- tional biophotonics program—continues to focus on advancing the health care and medical device industries, and has entered its fifth year of operation with a strong record of achieve- ment and with the support of an enthusiastic industrial membership base. The Boston University Photonics Center has established itself as one of the nation’s leading academic programs for photonics scholarship, education, and innovation. I welcome­ your interest in our activities.

Dr. Thomas Bifano Director, Boston University Photonics Center

ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 1 Boston University 13 | Mission Statement Photonics Center Annual Report 2015

14 | Highlights of FY2015 Mission Statement Photonics Center at a Glance

Developing rapid viral load THE BOSTON UNIVERSITY Non-invasive Imaging of Brain Function Technology Development for 15 | Photonics Center Strategic Plan test for HIV PHOTONICS CENTER generates in Arlington, VA, during the summer Health Care, Defense, and Security fundamental knowledge and develops of 2014. Dr. Bifano led a distinguished Applications innovative technology in the field of pho- group of invited government, university, The Photonics Center’s technology tonics. We work on challenging problems and industry researchers—including development activities focus on emerging 6 that are important to society, we translate White House Science and Technology photonic applications in health care. These 16 | Photonics in the World enabling research discoveries into useful Policy advisors—through emerging activities include direct sponsored research prototypes, and we educate future leaders opportunities and imaging modality collaboration with research labs at major in the field. ­recommendations. corporations and the successful completion of the fourth year of the NSF-sponsored, This mission is executed through: Academic and Entrepreneurial Pro- member-supported Industry/ University 12 | Faculty & Staff • Basic research and scholarship in grams and Initiatives for Students Cooperative Research Center on Biopho- photonics While the Photonics Center does not offer tonic Sensors & Systems. That program, and • Academic and entrepreneurial pro- academic degrees, our faculty teach a its corporate-sponsored applied research Innovative research grams and initiatives for students broad array of graduate and undergraduate projects, have become a prime focus for and technology • Technology development for health courses that cut across traditional depart- Photonics Center efforts in technology 16 | Leadership & Administrative Staff development care, defense, and security applications mental curricula. Beyond the classroom, translation. Additionally, our Center for • Business innovation and commercial- students engage in diverse entrepreneur- Innovation in Point of Care Technologies ization of photonics­ technology ial activities, including internships with for the Future of Cancer Care promotes companies in the Business Innovation technology translation in an area of critical 17 The Photonics Center community of Center; they have opportunities to engage national need. 17 | Research Projects & faculty, students, and staff engages in and network with industry, particularly Technology Development numerous interdisciplinary collaborations with members of the Industry/University Business Innovation and Commercial- to further the field. Below are examples of Cooperative Research Center; and they ization of Photonics Technology how the Photonics Center and its diverse participate in the annual Photonics Sym- The Photonics Center is a leader in community execute on each of the four posium. Our ability to reach out to those commercialization of photonics technol- 27 | Publications, Patents & Awards pillars supporting our mission. not normally exposed to STEM opportu- ogy, an activity anchored by its Business nities was recently enhanced by the NSF Innovation Center (BIC). Individual tenant Basic Research and Scholarship in Research Experiences for Undergraduates companies continue to demonstrate growth National Science Photonics in Integrated Nanomanufacturing award. and commercial potential and to attract Foundation research Photonics Center faculty members are The NSF Research Experiences for Under- business financing. BIC is 100% occupied 32 | Educational Programs & Initiatives experiences for involved in research in diverse fields graduates and Research Experiences for and hit an all-time high of 15 tenant com- undergrads and of study anchored by thematic areas Teachers sites in Integrated Nanomanu- panies during the year. These companies teachers of strength in biophotonics, imaging, facturing offer an opportunity for under- continue to be valued participants in the nanophotonics, nonlinear and quantum graduates from around the country with Photonics Center community. Preferential photonics, and photonic materials and limited or no STEM research, and middle selection of prospective tenants that work 34 | Outreach & Other Activities devices. Faculty have particular strengths and high school teachers from public in areas aligned with the research and 32 in hybrid areas that combine special- schools with high percentages of low-­ scholarship activities of Photonics Center ties such as biophotonics, imaging, and income families, to participate in summer faculty creates an environment rich with nanophotonics in order to help under- research at BU. These sites provide BU opportunities for collaboration and growth stand the connections between brain graduate and postdoctoral researchers in sponsored research. Mentoring and 38 | Facilities & Equipment physiology and human behavior. It is diverse training and mentoring opportu- access to shared laboratory and conference noteworthy that at the request of NSF, nities not often found as part of a graduate facilities are also offered to promising stu- Professor Bifano chaired a workshop on education experience. dent entrepreneurs.

Cover: photo by Christopher McIntosh. Previous page: photo by Mike Spencer. Inside back cover and back cover: photo by Christopher McIntosh.

ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 3 Highlights of FY2015 Photonics Center Strategic Plan

External Grant Funding PHOTONICS CENTER External grant funding for FY2015 totaled over $18.6M, showing funding CENTRAL TO THE PHOTONICS biophotonic technology sector. Serving as for Innovations: Accelerating Innovation AT A GLANCE the lead university of this I/UCRC, the Pho- Research proposals (one on a high-res- from a variety of sources. Highlights of our research achievements for the CENTER STRATEGIC PLAN is an oper- ational model where the center operates tonics Center has attracted the University olution IR imager and the second on a year include continued support for our Center for Innovation in Point of Care as a centralized resource—promoting, of California at Davis as a partner site and metamaterial-based THz focal plane array Technologies for the Future of Cancer Care and our Center for Biophotonic supporting, and sustaining allied research 11 corporate members. We expect to con- for imaging surgical resection margins), a Sensors & Systems, and exciting grants from the National Science Foun- centers and programs across Boston tinue the growth of this I/UCRC with both Paul Allen Foundation grant, a Department additional university sites and additional of Energy Computational Material Science dation to support Research Experiences for Teachers (RET) and Research 46 University. Essentially, the center has Faculty Members been conducting business as an institute, corporate or government laboratories as program proposal, and several I/UCRC sup- Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) in Integrated Nanomanufacturing. leading on a number of activities such as members. With the support of the industry plements and other proposals that support the Business Innovation Center, managing members, we have secured supplemental the Photonics Center’s strategic vision. The Business Innovation Center Developments and equipping shared laboratories, and funding for the I/UCRC grant that has staff also assisted CNN Director Mark Grin- administering/supporting block grants multiplied the initial NSF funding nearly staff and the Chemistry Department in an This has been an active year for the Business Innovation Center (BIC). 10 and supporting affiliated units. tenfold. The center expects to submit a NIH U54 Center proposal entitled Centers The center hit a peak of 15 companies during the year, with 4 compa- Staff Members Phase II I/UCRC proposal in FY2016. of Cancer Nanotechnology Excellence. nies departing during the year and 6 joining the center. The companies Some of the affiliated units include: the enhanced the academic environment by providing internship opportu- Center for Nanoscience & Nanobiotech- The resources and expertise of the Photon- The Photonics Center staff also leads in sup- nology (CNN), the Industry/University ics Center staff are employed to manage porting and managing major new training nities to students and increasing sponsored research opportunities. BIC Cooperative Research Center (I/UCRC) grants for several affiliated centers. These grants, including the NSF Research Expe- tenants hired a total of 31 interns in FY2015, comprised of mostly BU 90 on Biophotonic Sensors & Systems (CBSS), grants include: an IARPA grant on back-side riences for Undergraduates and Research undergraduate students. Another notable development for the Innovation Funded R&D Projects the Center for Innovation in Point of Care wafer analysis and training grants in con- Experiences for Teachers sites in Integrated Center was a $363,750 grant from the Massachusetts Life Sciences Cen- Technologies for the Future of Cancer Care, junction with the affiliated Center for Nano- Nanomanufacturing, and is leading on new the Materials Science & Engineering Divi- science & Nanobiotechnology, faculty grants proposals such as the NSF Research Train- ter (MLSC). This grant will allow for the development of a biophotonics sion, and the SMART Lighting Engineering from NIH and NSF related to viral diagnos- eeship (NRT) program on Neurophotonics laboratory that will include a small biosafety level 2 (BSL-2) facility within $ Research Center. The Photonics Center tic technology, Research Experiences for (not yet reviewed). the Innovation Center. 18.6M has managed substantial renovations for Teachers, a substantial Research Experience Funding for R&D the Materials Division and co-manages for Undergraduates/Veterans program, and At the Business Innovation Center on the shared labs such as the Focused Ion Beam a DoD grant on Multi-Scale Multi-Disci- 6th floor of the Photonics Center, staff are The 18th Annual Photonics Center Symposium: Advanced Materials (New funds for current year) (FIB) Transmission Electron Microscope plinary Modeling of Electronic Materials implementing strategic changes that align by Design for the 21st Century (TEM) Facility. In addition to these facili- (MSME). MSME is a major four-year grant the center more closely with ongoing Pho- This year, the symposium focused on Advanced Materials by Design for the ties, the center also supports several other involving close collaborations with the tonics Center member research and educa- 21st Century. Professor Enrico Bellotti chaired the conference, which drew shared labs, as described in the section on ARL’s research scientist at the Sensors and tional activities and with the activities of nearly 170 attendees. Faculty from Boston University, the University of Utah, 37 ­Facilities. Electronic Devices Directorate (SEDD) the I/UCRC and its member companies. and interactions with ARL’s Enterprise for and the University of Colorado spoke, as well as representatives from Army Photonics Courses In support of its strategic goal of expand- Multiscale Research of Materials (EMRM), Photonics Center staff continued to pursue Research Laboratory, Naval Research Laboratory, and Sandia National Labo- ing core programs for research support, organizations that worked closely with the high-value, multi-investigator grants in ratory. The program featured a day full of talks, including one at lunch, and a the Photonics Center has successfully Photonics Center during the 10-year collab- the areas of terahertz devices, quantum reception where participants and speakers discussed their research. completed the first four years of the I/ orative research agreement with ARL. communications, energy conservation, 120 UCRC on Biophotonic Sensors & Systems and adaptive optics for space or ground Archival Publications (CBSS) and the program formulation for Our staff’s same organizational and post- surveillance. Staff contributions to support Institute Activities year five (concurrent with FY2016). These award project management expertise is proposal preparation and networking with The center has been conducting business as an institute leading on a num- efforts have yielded a well-functioning also employed in leading and supporting government, academic, and industrial ber of activities such as managing the BIC, operating and equipping shared collaborative engagement between the two major new grants. In FY2015, the Photonics partners have become increasingly import- university sites and participating industry Center led or significantly contributed to ant to the Photonics Center’s strategic laboratories, and administering/supporting block grants and supporting 4 members, and CBSS has become an active multiple proposals. Those still under review mission, and that role will continue to affiliated units. Shared Laboratory Facilities hub for industry-focused research in the include: two separate NSF Partnerships expand.

4 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 5 It’s a noun. By finding ways to implant opsins into neurons, Han, a College Exactly. There are the glucose strips, there’s a cholesterol test. You of Engineering assistant professor of biomedical engineering, has can buy a drug test— given researchers a simple tool to turn neurons on and off, and Photonics in the World A drug test for what? thereby study their function. The technique is now widely used to For your kid. This is the marijuana one. study brain activity, and it is leading to a better understanding of Really? This box you’re showing me is a marijuana test kit? diseases and treatments. Yeah. This is great. You can buy the 4-drug test, the 7-drug test, In April 2014, Han traveled to Washington, DC, where Pres- BUILDING THE TEST KITCHEN FOR or the 12-drug test. You can test your kid for depressants, barbi- ident Barack Obama awarded her a Presidential Early Career MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS If you think about turates, methadone, benzodiazepines, opiates, ecstasy, amphet- Award for Scientists and Engineers, the US government’s highest cholesterol tests, amines, methamphetamines, cocaine, marijuana, and Oxy. It’s honor for science and engineering professionals in the early stages ENG PROF INVENTING TECHNOLOGY THAT COULD and HIV yes/ pretty amazing. And it’s just pee. I think it really empowers people of their independent research careers. CHANGE THE FUTURE OF PRIMARY CARE no, respiratory to have information about their own health. If you think about By Barbara Moran infections, strep, cholesterol tests, and HIV yes/no, respiratory infections, strep, these things can be done by the patient. That can save an office Han is a pioneer talks fast, and has these things can visit, which saves money; it saves the potential of infecting other CATHERINE KLAPPERICH MOVES FAST, be done by the in the young field at least 15 different ideas rolling through her head at the same time. people; it saves the time of the clinician. I think it will change the of optogenetics, in How, for instance, can she keep her postdocs on track, guide 134 patient. primary care model a lot. undergrads through their senior project, and meanwhile invent new What’s the first thing out of your lab that might make it which scientists technology that may change medicine as we know it? She arrived a into Walgreens? reengineer nerve few minutes late for an interview, preoccupied with a more imme- It’s an HIV viral load test that we’re working on with a company cells, or neurons, diate concern: she had accidentally spilled water on her iPhone. She in San Francisco. A colleague told me last week, from his clinic in to respond to light, ran down to her lab to stick it into the vacuum oven, hoping that South Africa, “We need a viral load test. If people come to see me using molecules would dry it out. Then she ran back to her office and sat down to talk. and I tell them, ‘I’m going to take your blood, come back to get the called opsins. Klapperich holds three associate professorships at BU, in the results,’ 50 percent of them just don’t come back. Something that College of Engineering biomedical engineering and mechanical would help tomorrow is if I could give that person their results engineering departments and in the Division of Materials Science right there. And if their viral load is suppressed, then I don’t have & Engineering. She also directs the Center for Future Technologies to expend any resources seeing that person until the following in Cancer Care. Her lab creates point-of-care diagnostics—tools, year.” like a pregnancy test stick, that doctors and consumers can use to They’re testing that right now in South Africa. That could be immediately test such conditions as high cholesterol or diagnose deployed in a primary care clinician’s office, and that’s the first illnesses like strep throat. One critical need in the developing thing that will come from our laboratory. world is a rapid test for HIV viral load—the amount of HIV in a Biomedical engineer Catherine Klapperich is working on a rapid viral load That will be cool. Boston University bioengineer Xue Han uses a technique called optogenetics— patient’s blood. The number helps doctors monitor the disease, test for HIV. Photo by Kalman Zabarsky Yeah, it will be very cool. using pulses of light to control brain cells—to investigate psychiatric and decide when to start treatment, and determine if HIV medications neurological disorders. Photo by Cydney Scott are working. Barbara Moran (COM’96) is a science writer in Brookline, MA. She became clear to me that this is why point-of-care diagnostics do not can be reached through her website WrittenByBarbaraMoran.com. BU Today spoke recently with Han. BU Today recently spoke to Klapperich about her work. exist in the numbers that they should. Because yeah, we have this BU Today: Who came up with the idea of using light to turn BU Today: A lot of your work focuses on public health chip and it can tell us all this information, but all this prep requires BU Today article neurons on and off? issues. Where does that interest come from? someone with a lot of laboratory skill. www.bu.edu/today/2014/building-the-test-kitchen-for-medical- Han: Using light to control cells is not so new. In our retina there are Klapperich: When I got my PhD at Berkeley, I was studying arti- So you want to take the diagnostic chip, have some patient diagnostics all these rhodopsins that naturally are sensitive to light, but we can’t ficial hips and knees. They have a metal part and a plastic part, spit on it, and then have the answer show up without two easily engineer the whole system into neurons. So the really novel part and we were engineering the plastic part. I became interested in and a half days of sample prep? was sensitizing neurons to light so they’re easy to use. how cells interact with biomaterial surfaces. And that led into my Right. And so for DNA and RNA it’s hard, because most of it is USING LIGHT TO DIAGNOSE So how did I get involved in this whole thing? I started my postdoc, which focused on how cells interact with biomaterials at inside of our cells or inside the bugs that infect us. So you have PARKINSON’S postdoc at Stanford in 2005, and that’s the same time that the level of gene expression. to break cells apart and amplify the DNA or RNA—make many, Ed Boyden, now an MIT associate professor, along with Karl At that time, gene chips were just becoming a routine tool in the many copies. Then you tag them with something like a fluorescent BIOMEDICAL ENGINEER XUE HAN TALKS ABOUT HER Deisseroth, used this molecule called channelrhodopsin. They put laboratory. And I was completely floored by all the steps to use them: protein that allows you to see them. So we need to do three things: WORK IN THE NEW FIELD OF OPTOGENETICS it in neurons, and they were able to drive neural activities with the breaking the cells open, getting the DNA or RNA out, amplifying it, we need to extract, we need to amplify, we need to read. Let’s do light. And the beauty of channelrhodopsin is that it’s a very small By Barbara Moran putting it on a chip, and then turning on the reader to figure out the those three things as simply as we can, in as few steps as we can, as protein and it’s very easy to use. expression levels. It was a huge number of steps. As an engineer I reliably as we can. We want to be the test kitchen for this work. XUE HAN INVESTIGATES PARKINSON’S DISEASE with an Then Ed and I were thinking, since there’s a technology to excite thought, why? So I became really interested in doing this stuff in a This field has grown a lot, even in the last 10 years. unusual tool: light. Han is a pioneer in the young field of optoge- neurons, can we also silence them? That led to the discovery of turn-crank way, where I wouldn’t have to do all the little steps. Yeah—now you can walk into Walgreens and there’s a little blue netics, in which scientists reengineer nerve cells, or neurons, to halorhodopsin, which allowed us just to do that. But it doesn’t do it A machine would do it instead? sign hanging over the aisle, where it says things like Foot Powder respond to light, using molecules called opsins. Like ice cream, really well. Who knows why? These are from bacteria, and you’re The machine would do it. The gene chip is a wondrous thing. And yet and Toothpaste, and it says Diagnostics. And I remember the first opsins come in many flavors—there’s rhodopsin in the human eye putting them in mammalian cells. That’s the complexity of biology. it took two and a half days to make the material to go onto that chip. time I saw that a few years ago. I thought, what? That’s crazy! This and halorhodopsin in bacteria, for instance—but they all share one So we said, let’s find a better one. We screened a whole bunch So I became very focused on the sample preparation process. Then it is now a thing in the aisle. key characteristic: they change shape when exposed to light. of proteins similar to halorhodopsins, and we found some other

6 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 7 things that were similar, like proton pumps. We did not think are dying. Is there some replacement we can do? If we have a they would work, but we thought, you know what? Let’s throw a biomarker, we can probably start to develop more human therapies. “By minimizing couple in and see what happens. And we did that, and found that So that’s what I’m hoping: we’ll treat these disorders before we’re old sample preparation these proton pumps are way more effective in silencing neurons. enough to get them ourselves. So we need to hurry up. and handling, And more importantly, from what we have tested, it’s safe for the our system can neurons. It’s a powerful engineering tool—that we can excite or Barbara Moran (COM’96) is a science writer in Brookline, MA. She reduce potential silence neurons now. can be reached through her website WrittenByBarbaraMoran.com. exposure to health Are the tools getting closer to being used in patients? care workers,” said Right now, my group is interested in how, in a disease like BU Today article Connor. “And by Parkinson’s, deep brain stimulation works. There are all these www.bu.edu/today/2014/using-light-to-diagnose-parkinsons looking for multiple hypotheses about deep brain stimulation and its therapeutic viruses at the same effects. So the idea is that if you use light, then we can understand the mechanism and simultaneously see how the neurons respond time, patients can CONTAINING EBOLA WITH be diagnosed much and how they are contributing to Parkinson’s disease. These NANOTECHNOLOGY neurons in the Parkinsonian brain tend to oscillate or synchronize more effectively.” at a frequency of 20 hertz or so. BU TEAM’S DEVICE DETECTS VIRUS QUICKLY AND ON SITE All the neurons in the brain, or just the Parkinsonian ones? By Mark Dwortzan The Parkinsonian ones in a particular part of the brain. All the neurons affected with Parkinson’s in a certain part BY LATE JANUARY, 1.4 million people in Liberia and Sierra of the brain are talking to each other at 20 hertz? Leone could be infected with the Ebola virus. That’s the worst-case Not all of them. But somehow, more are talking to each other than scenario of the Ebola epidemic in West Africa recently offered normal. by scientists at the US Centers for Disease Control and Preven- That’s weird. tion (CDC). The CDC warns that those countries could now have But that’s what people find. If you think about Parkinson’s in 21,000 cases of the virus, which kills 70 percent of people infected. particular, it’s a dopamine neuron loss. We are trying to figure One of the big problems hindering containment of Ebola out how this dopamine loss leads to the generation of these is the cost and difficulty of diagnosing the disease when a pathological oscillations in the brain. And then what’s the patient is first seen. Conventional fluorescent label-based virus relationship of these oscillations to the symptoms? detection methods require expensive lab equipment, significant Professor Selim Ünlü (ECE, BME, MSE) (left) and Associate Professor John Connor (MED) have developed a rapid, chip-scale photonic device that can detect viruses, including Ebola, on site. Photo by Steve Prue Do other neurological diseases have different pathological sample preparation, transport and processing times, and exten- oscillations? sive training to use. One potential solution may come from That’s a great question. Can we establish some sort of oscillations researchers at the College of Engineering and the School of as biomarkers of specific mental disorders? I think this is definitely Medicine, who have spent the past five years advancing a rapid, logical samples in which a mix multi-color LED sources on viral nanoparticles bound to a very interesting area. There’s certain evidence that a frequency label-free, chip-scale photonic device that can provide afford- of viruses, bacteria, and proteins the sensor surface by a coating of virus-specific antibodies. around 40 hertz is associated with schizophrenia, but a coherent able, simple, and accurate on-site detection. The device could may be present. “Leveraging Interference of light reflected from the surface is modified by understanding would really help. be used to diagnose Ebola and other hemorrhagic fever diseases expertise in optical biosensors the presence of the particles, producing a distinct signal that Why does Parkinson’s interest you? in resource-limited countries. and hemorrhagic fever diseases, reveals the size and shape of each particle. The sensor surface I think for Parkinson’s, we are at a stage that things are converging. The first demonstration of the concept, described in the Amer- our collaborative research effort is very large and can capture the telltale responses of up to a There’s a very good animal model for Parkinson’s, and the ican Chemical Society journal Nano Letters in 2010 and developed has produced a highly sensitive million nanoparticles. symptoms can be easily quantified, more easily than major by Professor Selim Ünlü’s (ECE, BME, MSE) research group in device with the potential to per- In collaboration with BD Technologies and NexGen Arrays, depression or other types of mental disorders, like schizophrenia. collaboration with Professor Bennett Goldberg (Physics, BME, form rapid diagnostics in clinical a BU Photonics Center–based start-up run by longtime SP-IRIS You’re married to Ed Boyden, who is also a leader in optoge- ECE), showed the ability to pinpoint and size single H1N1 virus settings.” developers David Freedman (EE’10) and postdoctoral fellow netics. Do you two collaborate? particles. Now, after four years of refining the instrumentation in Whereas conventional meth- George Daaboul (BME’13), the research team is now working on Well, we collaborate still. It’s hard not to collaborate, right? But you collaboration with Associate Professor John Connor (MED) and ods can require up to an hour making IRIS more robust, field-ready, and fast—ideally delivering know, we have two small kids, so as soon as we start a conversation other hemorrhagic fever disease researchers at the University of for sample preparation and two answers within 30 minutes—through further technology develop- someone spills milk, and that conversation goes nowhere. Texas Medical Branch, the team has demonstrated the simultane- NexGen Arrays prototype hours or more for processing, the ment and preclinical trials. Do you tell your kids about your work? Are they interested? ous detection of multiple viruses in blood serum samples—includ- of SP-IRIS. Image current Boston University proto- SP-IRIS devices are now being tested in multiple labs, including courtesy of NexGen Certainly there are scientific terms we use that our babysitter ing viruses genetically modified to mimic the behavior of Ebola Arrays type requires little to no sample a Biosafety Level-4 (BSL-4) lab at the University of Texas Medical would not really understand. This morning my son was asking me and the Marburg virus. preparation time and delivers Branch that’s equipped to work with hemorrhagic viruses. Other how the Earth was generated. I told him the Earth was here when Mentioned in Forbes magazine as a potentially game-changing answers in about an hour. tests will be conducted at BU’s National Emerging Infectious he was born, and I told him I was here, and so I started to explain it technology for the containment of Ebola, the device identifies “By minimizing sample preparation and handling, our system Diseases Laboratories (NEIDL) once the facility is approved for to him a little bit. It’s hard not to. individual viruses based on size variations due to distinct genome can reduce potential exposure to health care workers,” said Con- BSL-4 research. Based on the team’s current rate of progress, a Where do you think diagnosing and treating neurological lengths and other factors. Funded by the National Institutes of nor. “And by looking for multiple viruses at the same time, patients field-ready instrument could be ready to enter the medical mar- diseases will be 20 or 30 years from now? How will your Health, the research is showcased in ACS Nano. can be diagnosed much more effectively.” ketplace in five years. work fit it? “Others have developed different label-free systems, but The shoebox-sized, prototype diagnostic device, known A lot of parts can be replaced, but when it comes to the brain, we are none have been nearly as successful in detecting nanoscale viral as the Single Particle Interferometric Reflectance Imaging Original article: www.bu.edu/ece/2014/10/02/containing- not there yet. In Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s, we know the neurons particles in complex media,” said Ünlü, referring to typical bio- Sensor (SP-IRIS), detects pathogens by shining light from ebola-with-nanotechnology

8 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 9 MOUSTAKAS NAMED DISTINGUISHED additional $15 million in grants to other educational institutions Kotton was honored to receive the award, which will help PROFESSOR OF PHOTONICS AND Moustakas took and medical centers in Boston and Cambridge—at a ceremony on build the new facility for the Lung Regeneration Initiative. OPTOELECTRONICS a leading role March 18, 2015, at Roxbury Community College. “This facility will enable scale up of the production, banking, in propelling “We are delighted that both the Center for Regenerative Med- and national sharing of pluripotent stem cells made by repro- HOLDS ENG’S FIRST ENDOWED PROFESSORSHIP the ECE icine at Boston Medical Center and Boston University School gramming blood specimens from patients who suffer from lung By Mark Dwortzan Department’s of Medicine as well as the Biomedical Laboratory & Clinical diseases,” he said. “Most importantly, the proposed facility will PhD program Sciences program have received this honor from the Massachu- allow both academic and industry scientists from across the state BOSTON UNIVERSITY PROVOST Jean Morrison has named into the nation’s setts Life Sciences Center,” said Karen Antman, MED, dean and to focus on the goal of achieving personalized treatment appli- Professor Theodore Moustakas (ECE, MSE, Physics) as the inau- top-ranked provost of the Medical Campus. “Their investments in these cations based on individualized drug tests performed in culture gural Distinguished Professor of Photonics and Optoelectronics, programs. programs will help patients with pulmonary hypertension, cystic dishes using lung cells made from each patient’s banked stem the College of Engineering’s first fully funded, named endowed fibrosis, and acute lung injury as well as provide students with cells. We believe this approach is desperately needed to develop professorship. Intended to honor and support a BU faculty member the necessary equipment as they train for careers in the biotech- new treatments for the many lung diseases for which there are with outstanding achievements in research, teaching, and service in Professor Theodore Moustakas (ECE, MSE, nology field.” currently ineffective treatment options. This is an important and the fields of photonics and optoelectronics, the professorship will be Physics) The grant to the Photonics Center will be used to create exciting step towards our research community’s ultimate goal jointly funded by the College of Engineering, the Boston University ate head of the Division of Materials Science & Engineering, laboratory space at its Business Innovation Center for up to four of accomplishing successful lung repair and regeneration in our Office of the Provost, and the BU Photonics Center. Moustakas took a leading role in propelling the ECE Depart- start-up companies. The Photonics Center is a national leader in patients.” Upon Moustakas’ retirement, the professorship will be ment’s PhD program into the nation’s top-ranked programs, biophotonics research, which uses light to understand cellular The award to Biomedical Laboratory & Clinical Sciences was renamed as the Theodore Moustakas Professorship of Photonics putting the MSE Division on the national map and helping behavior and to diagnose and treat diseases. accepted by Constance Phillips, BLCS program director. It will and Optoelectronics. The College has begun an unprecedented establish BU as a national center of photonics research. He “We are grateful for the award from the Massachusetts Life be used for essential equipment, including a small bioreactor and international search for a senior faculty member in this area of was the 2011 College of Engineering Distinguished Scholar Sciences Center for improvements to the biophotonics facilities an HPLC protein chromatography unit, and to help launch an engineering science who will be selected as the inaugural holder Lecturer and winner of Boston University’s 2013 Innovator of at the Business Innovation Center and for their support of inno- electronic laboratory information and management system to of the Moustakas Professorship. the Year award. vation and economic development in the state,” says Thomas train students in the ever-evolving methods of recordkeeping in “I am very pleased that Boston University named me as the Prior to joining the BU faculty, Moustakas worked at Harvard Bifano, engineering professor and director of the Photonics the biotech industry. “The BLCS program is grateful and honored inaugural Distinguished Professor of Photonics and Optoelec- University as a research fellow and Exxon Corporate Research Center, who accepted the award at the ceremony. “The Innova- to be a grant recipient of the MLSC capital improvement grant,” tronics,” said Moustakas, who has developed a wide range of Laboratory as a senior scientist. He received a BS in Physics from tion Center has a track record of success in technology transfer she said. “Their continued support of our programs enables us to novel optoelectronic materials and devices ranging from dia- Aristotle University (Greece) and a PhD in Solid State Science and job creation that has helped retain the pipeline of talented enhance our laboratory offerings to students who will help keep mond thin films to nitride semiconductors. “Photonics and opto- and Engineering from Columbia University. engineering and science graduates in the state. The award will Massachusetts strong in the life sciences.” electronics form the backbone of today’s information technology, further enhance our reputation as a leader in commercialization Other institutions that received MLSC capital grants include and the College of Engineering and the BU Photonics Center are Original article: www.bu.edu/ece/2014/10/02/moustakas- of biophotonic technologies.” Roxbury Community College, Boston Children’s Hospital, the world leaders in both domains. The establishment of this Distin- named-distinguished-professor-of-photonics-and- The goal of the new lung regeneration facility is the clinical Forsyth Institute jointly with Brigham and Women’s Hospital, guished Professorship will help the University in maintaining its optoelectronics application of recent discoveries in stem cell research that have and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. leadership role in these areas.” been led by CReM director Darrell Kotton, professor of medi- Since Moustakas joined BU in 1987, the primary focus of his cine and pathology, and co-directors Gustavo Mostoslavsky and BU Today article: research has been the development of nitride semiconductors for BU WINS LIFE SCIENCES CAPITAL George Murphy, both assistant professors of medicine. www.bu.edu/today/2015/bu-wins-life-sciences-capital-grants high-performance optoelectronic devices covering the spectral GRANTS region from the deep ultraviolet (UV) to terahertz. Such devices include light-emitting diodes (LEDs), photo-detectors, and solar SUPPORT FOR REGENERATIVE LUNG MEDICINE, cells. He is well known for the development of the nucleation steps TRAINING FOR BIOTECHNOLOGY CAREERS, The grant to for the growth of blue/green LEDs, widely used in flat panel displays BIOPHOTONICS START-UPS the Photonics on smartphones and televisions as well as for general illumination. By Sara Rimer Center will be He has also developed highly efficient, deep UV LEDs, which are used to create expected to provide environmentally friendly water and air purifica- THE MASSACHUSETTS LIFE SCIENCES CENTER (MLSC) laboratory space tion as well as food sterilization and various medical applications. has awarded $1.74 million to Boston University’s Center for Regen- at its Business Moustakas has had a significant impact on his field through erative Medicine (CReM) to help build a new lung regeneration Innovation 31 US patents, hundreds of invited talks, 350 journal papers, 8 facility. The new facility, to be housed at CReM on BU’s Medical Center for up co-edited books, and more than 11,000 citations in research liter- Campus, will bring together academic and industry scientists from to four start-up ature. Selected as the 2010 Molecular Beam Epitaxy (MBE) Inno- across the state to apply stem cell biology advances to developing vator Award winner, he has been named a Fellow of the American new treatments for cystic fibrosis and other lung diseases. companies. Physical Society, Electrochemical Society, National Academy In two additional capital funding awards to the University, the of Inventors, and IEEE. Intellectual property resulting from MLSC gave a $180,000 grant to the undergraduate Biomedical his work has been licensed to a number of companies, includ- Laboratory & Clinical Sciences (BLCS) program, which is offered ing major manufacturers and users of blue LEDs and lasers. by BU Metropolitan College in collaboration with the School Darrell Kotton (from left), Constance Phillips, and Thomas Bifano were recipients of capital funding awards from the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center. Moustakas is the co-founder of RayVio Corp., a venture-backed of Medicine (MED)—and awarded $363,750 to the University’s Photo by Jackie Ricciardi company that makes UV LEDs. Photonics Center for a new incubator for biophotonics start-ups. A professor of electrical and computer engineering since MLSC, an investment agency that supports life sciences 1987, professor of physics since 1991, and the current associ- research and development, announced the awards—and an

10 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 11 Research interests: Research interests: • Biological sensors • Nanomechanics of hydrated • Semiconductor IC optical failure biomaterials analysis • Microfluidic device design Faculty & Staff • Nanotubes and nano-optics

Helen Fawcett Guilford Jones Research Assistant Professor, ME Professor Emeritus, Chemistry 8 Saint Mary’s St., 935 8 Saint Mary’s St., 829 857-753-1719 617-353-2498 [email protected] [email protected] Jerome Mertz Research interests: Research interests: Lee Goldstein Professor, BME • Biodetection, optics, nanoscale • Photochemistry Associate Professor, Psychiatry 24 Cummington Mall, 202 lithography, and imaging • Dye probes 617-358-0746 • STEM outreach and development 670 Albany St., 4th floor Soumendra Basu Irving Bigio Xin Chen Daniel Ehrlich 617-414-8361 [email protected] Professor, ME Professor, BME, ECE Assistant Professor, Chemistry Research Professor, BME [email protected] Research interests: 730 Commonwealth Ave., 44 Cummington Mall, 233 8 Saint Mary’s St., 718 44 Cummington Mall, 247 Research interests: • Development and applications EMA 204 617-358-1987 617-358-6188 617-358-2919 • Alzheimers disease of novel optical microscopy for 617-353-6728 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] biological imaging • Biometals and metallomics [email protected] • High resolution imaging Research interests: Research interests: Research interests: • Molecular aging disorders Research interests: • Biomedical optics • Biophysics • New instrumentation and • Environmental degradation of • Medical applications of optics, • Materials science ­methods for cell-based assays Ajay Joshi materials at elevated temperatures lasers, and spectroscopy • Environmental science • Deep-UV microscopy Theodore Fritz Assistant Professor, ECE Professor, Astronomy • Structure and stability of interfaces • Microfluidics for assay of DNA 8 Saint Mary’s St., 334 • Characterization of microstructure 725 Commonwealth Ave., 501 617-353-4840 and phase transformations using 617-353-7446 [email protected] electron microscopy techniques [email protected] Research interests: Research interests: • On-chip and off-chip interconnect Theodore Morse Xue Han • Space plasma physics design Professor Emeritus, ECE Assistant Professor, BME • Magnetosphere physics • Computer architecture 8 Saint Mary’s St., 915 44 Cummington Mall, 521 • Rocket and satellite experiments 617-358-1035 David Bishop 617-358-6189 John Connor [email protected] Professor, ECE Associate Professor, MED Kamil Ekinci [email protected] Professor, ME Research interests: 8 Saint Mary’s St., 609 72 E. Concord St., R516 Research interests: 617-358-4080 617-638-0339 110 Cummington Mall, ENG 408 • Photonic material processing Enrico Bellotti • Neurotechnology [email protected] [email protected] 617-353-8670 Professor, ECE • Optical fiber fabrication, lasers, [email protected] • Optical neural modulation Research interests: and sensors 8 Saint Mary’s St., 533 Research interests: • Optogenetics 617-358-1576 • Low temperature physics • Label-free virus detection Research interests: [email protected] • Mechanical properties of materials • Identification of biomarkers of • Nanophotonics, nano-opto-­ Jonathan Klamkin at low temperatures infection mechanics, and optical metrology Christopher Gabel Assistant Professor, ECE, MSE Research interests: • MEMS and NEMS • Virus/host interactions • Nanofluidics Assistant Professor, MED 8 Saint Mary’s St., 828 • Computational electronics • Nanomechanics and NEMS 700 Albany St. 617-353-9845 • Semiconductor materials 617-638-4267 [email protected] • Parallel computing [email protected] Research interests: Research interests: • Integrated photonics Theodore Moustakas • Optical neurophysiology Allyn Hubbard • Silicon photonics Professor, ECE, MSE, Physics Professor, ECE • Femtosecond laser surgery • Optical communications 8 Saint Mary’s St., 835 8 Saint Mary’s St., 329 617-353-5431 617-353-2815 [email protected] Scott Bunch Luca Dal Negro [email protected] Assistant Professor, ME Associate Professor, ECE, MSE Shyamsunder Erramilli Research interests: Professor, Physics, BME Research interests: 110 Cummington Mall, ENG 404 8 Saint Mary’s St., 825 • Growth by MBE and HVPE of Thomas Bifano • Auditory physiology 617-353-7706 617-358-2627 590 Commonwealth Ave., 214 nitride semiconductors Professor, ME [email protected] [email protected] 617-353-6114 • Neurocomputing and biosensors • Amorphous semiconductors 8 Saint Mary’s St., 927 [email protected] • VLSI design of smart sensor chips Research interests: 617-353-8908 Research interests: [email protected] • Experimental nanomechanics of • Nanophotonics Research interests: Bennett Goldberg Catherine Klapperich 2D materials • Optics of complex media • Infrared and Raman microscopy Professor, Physics Professor, BME, ME Research interests: • Molecular transport through • Computational electromagnetics • Quantum cascade laser sources 8 Saint Mary’s St., 920 44 Cummington Mall, 701A • Microelectromechanical systems porous graphene • Ultrafast infrared spectroscopy 617-353-5789 617-358-0253 • Adaptive optics • Graphene adhesion [email protected] [email protected]

12 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 13 Research interests: Research interests: • Micro and nano optical fibers • Ionospheric and space plasma • New optical materials physics FACULTY COMMITTEES • Image processing The Photonics Center has six committees that support and serve its faculty and staff. The Photonics Center Director appoints committee chairs each year.

Roberto Paiella Michael Ruane Malvin Teich Alice White Professor, ECE, MSE Professor Emeritus, ECE Professor Emeritus, ECE, BME, and Professor, ME Photonics Center Guest Speakers Committee Physics 8 Saint Mary’s St., 529 8 Saint Mary’s St., 828 110 Cummington Mall, ENG 107 Chair, Open 617-353-8883 617-358-4769 8 Saint Mary’s St., 916 617-353-4846 The Photonics Center Guest Speakers Committee [email protected] Jason Ritt [email protected] 617-353-1236 [email protected] invites distinguished leaders in the field of photonics Assistant Professor, BME [email protected] Research interests: Research interests: Alexander Sergienko Research interests: to visit the Photonics Center and give seminars on sub- Professor, ECE • Terahertz photonics 24 Cummington Mall, 201 • Resonant cavity biosensors Research interests: • Nanofabrication jects of importance in the field. The lecturers also meet 617-353-5903 • Plasmonics and related optoelec- • Optical design 8 Saint Mary’s St., 729 • Quantum photonics • Optical materials with individual faculty members and students. tronic device applications [email protected] 617-353-6564 • Neural coding • K–12 outreach and education [email protected] • Optoelectronic integration and Research interests: packaging Education Committee • Neuroscience of active sensing Research interests: Chair, Open • Neurophotonic methods applied • Ultrafast quantum optics to the rodent whisker tactile • Quantum metrology The Education Committee investigates methods for system • Quantum biophotonics applying and enriching photonics education within the community and Boston University programs.

Equipment Committee Dimitris Pavlidis Michelle Sander Barry Unger Research Professor, ECE Assistant Professor, ECE Associate Professor, MET Xin Zhang Chair, Dr. Helen Fawcett Professor, ME, MSE The Equipment Committee recommends equipment 8 Saint Mary’s St., 337 8 Saint Mary’s St., 534 808 Commonwealth Ave. 617-353-2811 617-358-0505 617-353-0940 8 Saint Mary’s St., 921 upgrades or new equipment purchases that would [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] 617-358-2702 enhance the research and development of faculty and Darren Roblyer [email protected] Research interests: Research interests: Andre Sharon Research interests: students at the center. Assistant Professor, BME Professor, ME • Wide bandgap semiconductor • Femtosecond lasers • High technology Research interests: materials and devices 44 Cummington Mall, 231 15 Saint Mary’s St., 101 • Venture capital businesses • Micro nanomaterials 617-358-1554 • Frequency combs Executive Advisory Committee • Circuits for high frequency 617-353-1888 • Micro nanomechanics [email protected] • Fiber and integrated optics [email protected] Chair, Dr. Thomas Bifano The Executive Advisory Committee advises the Research interests: Research interests: • Diffuse optics • Electromechanical machines Director of the Photonics Center on educational and • Therapies in oncology • Fiber optic manufacture academic issues and is comprised of the chairs from the • Optical functional imaging • Biomedical devices center’s affiliated departments.

Space Allocation Committee Selim Ünlü Siddharth Ramachandran Professor, ECE, BME, MSE Chair, Dr. Thomas Bifano Aaron Schmidt Lawrence Ziegler Professor, ECE, MSE Assistant Professor, ME 8 Saint Mary’s St., 826 Professor, Chemistry This committee chair generates policy guidelines for 8 Saint Mary’s St., 521 617-353-5067 space management. 110 Cummington Mall, 305 8 Saint Mary’s St., 719 617-353-9881 [email protected] 617-353-9596 617-353-8663 [email protected] [email protected] Research interests: [email protected] Symposium Committee Research interests: Kenneth Rothschild Research interests: Anna Swan • Near-field optical microscopy Research interests: Chair, Dr. Enrico Bellotti • Micro and nano optical fibers Professor, Physics Associate Professor, ECE, MSE • Nanoscale energy transport • Nanoscale imaging of biological • Spontaneous resonance Raman This committee chair organized the 18th annual Pho- • Optical physics of guided waves 590 Commonwealth Ave., 209 samples studies of photodissociative and • Ultrafast laser metrology 8 Saint Mary’s St., 827 tonics Center Symposium that focused on advanced 617-353-2603 617-353-1275 • Biosensors biological chromophores • Laser-material interaction [email protected] [email protected] • IR and SERS based approaches materials by design for the 21st century. The sympo- sium included external government and faculty speak- Research interests: Research interests: • Biomembrane technology and • Interactions of biomaterials with ers and internal Boston University faculty speakers. biomolecular photonics nanostructures • Ion transport • Carbon nanotubes

Bjorn Reinhard Professor, Chemistry Joshua Semeter 8 Saint Mary’s St., 727 Professor, ECE 617-353-8669 [email protected] 8 Saint Mary’s St., 537 617-358-3498 [email protected]

14 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 15 Leadership & Administrative Staff Research Projects & Technology Development

PHOTONICS CENTER FACULTY • Cultivate embryonic applications for Optofluidics, Potomac Photonics, and AND STAFF MEMBERS continue to biosensors, Thorlabs. This fifth year marks the final Photonics be involved in a number of leading-edge • Advance biophotonic sensor technol- one of the Phase I I/UCRC center; a Thomas Bifano research activities either through support ogy, providing significant commercial proposal for a Phase II center will be sub- Center Director Organizational of affiliated units in the Materials Science benefits for disease diagnosis, patient mitted during the next fiscal year. CBSS is Chart & Engineering Division, the Center for monitoring, drug efficacy testing, and already positioning for a Phase II submis- Nanoscience & Nanobiotechnology (CNN), food and water safety, sion by recruiting new members and new the Industry/University Cooperative • Develop effective methods for technol- university sites. Purdue University has Research Center (I/UCRC) on Biopho- ogy translation, accelerating innovative been awarded a Planning Grant to join as Thomas Dudley Robert Schaejbe Assistant Director, Assistant Director, tonic Sensors & Systems (CBSS), and the research to commercial benefit, a third university site, and the University Technical Programs Operations & Financial Administration SMART Lighting Engineering Research • Increase the quantity, quality, and diver- at Buffalo (SUNY-Buffalo) has submitted a Center, or through the administration of sity of professionals prepared to work in planning grant proposal to join as a fourth block grants from the National Institutes this field, and university site. of Health, National Science Foundation, • Involve the full technology and supply

Yvonne Cancino Helen Fawcett Meghan Foley Beth Mathisen the Department of the Army, and others. chain in a common focus of solving criti- The center continues to be featured by the Administrative Coordinator, Manager, Operations & Manager of Administration Communications Specialist cal unmet needs in the health care sector National Science Foundation as a model Business Innovation Center Technical Programs I/UCRC ON BIOPHOTONIC SENSORS using biophotonic sensing solutions. for the Industry/University Cooperative & SYSTEMS Research Center (I/UCRC), and was one The initial five-year grant to establish and CBSS has completed four successful years of only a handful of NSF centers to be fea- execute the Center for Biophotonic Sensors and the program formulation process tured on their Science Nation video series

Dr. Thomas Bifano Anlee Krupp Paul Mak Alexey Nikiforov & Systems (CBSS) has involved all of the for year five. The center has established (see: www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/ Director Laboratory Manager Laboratory Manager Laboratory Manager staff and nearly half of the faculty research- a mechanism for an organized and science_nation/virusscreening.jsp). 8 Saint Mary’s St., 927 ers at the Photonics Center and at the part- functioning collaborative engagement 617-353-8908 [email protected] ner University of California Davis’ Center between the 2 university sites and 11 Since the center’s inception, 18 projects for Biophotonics. The I/UCRC concept is participating industry members and is have been launched (including 4 for a long-running NSF program designed to positioned for future growth. Industry FY2016); 13 of them have been completed. Five research projects selected by the Yvonne Cancino Meghan Foley Beth Mathisen foster university and industry collaboration members that have been part of the Administrative Manager of Communications and is jointly supported by the foundation center over the first four years include: membership were initiated in FY2015. Coordinator, Business Administration Specialist and industry. The mission of CBSS is to: Agilent, General Electric’s Applied Preci- Four of them were selected by consensus Innovation Center 8 Saint Mary’s St., 931 8 Saint Mary’s St., 937 • Create a national center of excellence for sion, Becton Dickinson, BioTools, Fraun- at the May 2014 program formulation 8 Saint Mary’s St., 623 617-358-4438 617-353-8907 biosensor research with photonics as the hofer IPT, Iris AO, Lawrence Livermore meeting and the fifth was a directed 617-358-0480 [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] enabling technology, National Laboratory, Lincoln Laboratory, project selected by a new member of the

Thomas Dudley Anlee Krupp Alexey Nikiforov Assistant Director, Laboratory Manager Laboratory Manager Technical Programs 8 Saint Mary’s St., 933 8 Saint Mary’s St., 831 8 Saint Mary’s St., 929 617-353-9044 617-353-9045 617-358-4924 [email protected] [email protected] Project Project Lead University Site [email protected] Integration of Raman Spectroscopy with NanoTweezer System J. Chan UCD

Robert Schaejbe Dr. Helen Fawcett Paul Mak Superpenetration Multiphoton Microscope for Deep Tissue Imaging T. Bifano BU Manager, Operations Laboratory Manager Assistant Director, Operations & Financial & Technical Programs 8 Saint Mary’s St., 821 Improving the Speed of Hyperspectral Raman Imaging using a Modulated, Administration J. Chan UCD 8 Saint Mary’s St., 935 617-353-8869 Multifocal Detection Scheme 857-753-1719 [email protected] 8 Saint Mary’s St., 928 [email protected] 617-358-4257 Rapid, Multiplexed Sample-to-Answer Diagnostic for High Consequence J. Connor BU [email protected] Pathogens

AO Hybrid Microscopy R. Zawadzki UCD

16 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 17 center, as permitted by the center bylaws. and compared with images made on existing tion at the individual level with acceptable A summary of these projects appears in MPM commercial instruments. This project sensitivity. The success of the first year’s this table with a more detailed discussion was completed in FY2015 after receiving research has led to a second year of funding of results following it. a second year of IAB funding support. The for this project in FY2016, where the mul- output of this research will be incorporated tiplexed assay will be evaluated. Following Integration of Raman Spectroscopy in the life sciences and biomedical product this, an assay for malaria will be added and with NanoTweezer System for Analyz- line of Thorlabs Imaging Systems. clinically relevant samples of live viruses ing Dynamics of Single Trapped Bac- will be tested. teria Cells. Professor Chan led this project Improving the Speed of Hyperspectral at UCD under the mentorship of Optoflu- Raman Imaging using a Modulated, AO Hybrid Microscopy. Led by Profes- idics. The goal was to develop a laser trap Multifocal Detection Scheme. Professor sor Zawadzki at UCD, this project had a Raman spectroscopy system by integrating Chan led this project at UCD, mentored by third year of IAB support largely directed micro-Raman spectroscopy capabilities with Agilent. Completed in FY2015, this project by mentor Iris AO, which sees commer- Optofluidics’ NanoTweezer system for label- demonstrated a Raman system to improve cial potential. The motivation behind this free biochemical analysis of single cells and the parallel detection in two dimensions project, which is now completed, was to nanoparticles. The patented Optofluidics at the spectrometer/CCD detector. This test feasibility of adaptive optics enhanced technology based on a chip-based photonic significantly improved the imaging speed. in-vivo small animal retinal imaging system resonance trapping approach allows for for longitudinal studies in animal models of the manipulation of objects much smaller Rapid, Multiplexed Sample-to-Answer human blinding diseases. than traditional optical tweezers including Diagnostic for High Consequence metallic nanoparticles, bacteria, and protein Pathogens. Professor Connor, in close col- The I/UCRC provides members with aggregates. This project was completed in laboration with Becton Dickinson (BD), the rights to a royalty free, non-exclusive FY2015 and is now being incorporated into a Industrial Advisory Board mentor on this license on inventions related to funded feature of Optofluidics’ product line. project, is developing diagnostic assays for projects and also approval rights on pub- three viruses that cause hemorrhagic fever: lications related to funded research. This Superpenetration Multiphoton Micro- Lassa fever virus, Marburg virus, and Ebola process works very well and in the past scope (S-MPM) for Deep Tissue Imaging. virus. The assays will be “in-liquid ELISAs” year, seven publications were approved on Professor Bifano led this project with consid- compatible with the BD Homogeneous No I/UCRC funded projects. erable equipment and engineering support Wash System (HNW). Professor Connor’s from Thorlabs, the project’s IAB mentor. lab is working with BD to develop SERS The program formulation meeting for This project took advantage of recent break- nano-tags targeted to the three pathogens FY2016 was held in May 2015 after a formal throughs in controlled optical propagation and will use them as molecular beacons in solicitation process that resulted in 23 new and focusing through scattering media, along the assay development. This establishes a proposals being submitted by BU and UCD with the availability of fast MEMS spatial diagnostic platform for these high-hazard faculty. A screened set of these proposals light modulators (SLM) developed at BU to viruses that is uniquely capable of detect- was presented at the program formulation extend the depth for visualizing cell-scale ing multiple pathogens in a broad range meeting and the IAB rank-ordered the structures in the brain. Algorithms were of clinical samples with little or no sample projects for funding. The center director developed to optimize SLM performance preparation needed prior to assay initiation and site directors approved the ranking as and real-time S-MPM imaging through thick and a low expected cost of production. In submitted by the IAB and authorized fund- skull and brain tissue and were evaluated FY2015, the team demonstrated assay func- ing for the following projects:

Project Project Type Project Lead University Site Near-field Nanotweezers Raman System for New J. Chan UCD Characterizing SERS Nanosensors Functional OCT Micrometer Resolution Imaging New R. Zawadzki UCD

Rapid, Multiplexed Sample-to-Answer Diagnostic for 2nd-Year Funding J. Connor BU High Consequence Pathogens

Development of a High Resolution, Large Dynamic New J. Mertz BU Range Wavefront Sensor for Adaptive Optics

18 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 19 Each of these projects has significant NIH R01: Development of Near Real- BU’s nanomedicine initiative, this pro- LIST OF CURRENT GRANTS industry support and the outcomes on the Time, Multiplexed Diagnostics for gram is training a community of scien- research are likely to lead to product line Viral Hemorrhagic Fever tists, engineers, and medical researchers Photonics faculty members received more than $18.6M in external funding. The following table lists funds in the fiscal year (July 1, 2014– additions or enhancements at Optofluid- Professors John Connor (PI) and Selim capable of working across disciplines at June 30, 2015), as reported by the Sponsored Programs office. ics, Iris AO, BD, and Thorlabs. Professor Ünlü (Co-PI) were awarded a NIH R01 the interface between nanotechnology Mertz’s work on a high resolution, large program on August 1, 2011. A five-year and cancer medicine. Funded by the dynamic range wavefront sensor had such grant entitled “Develop- NIH for its first five PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded significance for Thorlabs that the member- ment of Near Real-Time, years, XTNC supported Period in FY15 ship agreement was amended to create and Multiplexed Diagnostics 42 pre- and postdoc- Bellotti ECE • CRA: Computationally-Guided University of Utah Grant 1/1/14– $300,790 fund a second membership, as permitted for Viral Hemorrhagic The center continues toral fellows engaged Design of Energy Efficient Elec- 12/13/15 by the bylaws. Fever,” this grant has a to be featured in interdisciplinary tronic Materials (CDE3M) component that includes by the National mentored research to • CRA: Computationally-Guided University of Utah Grant 1/1/14– $223,066 On a related endeavor, the Photonics Center partnership with a Science Foundation develop novel nanoscale Design of Energy Efficient Elec- 12/31/15 completed a Partners for Innovation: commercial entity that therapeutic and diag- tronic Materials (CDE3M) Accelerating Innovation Research (PFI:AIR) has been identified and as a model for the nostic tools for the DURIP: Hybrid Computational Department of Grant 7/21/14– $150,000 project on a grant reserved for NSF Centers. engaged from the start Industry/University detection and treatment • Architecture for Multi-Scale Defense/ARO 7/20/15 Entitled “Nanoplasmonic Metamaterial of the program, with Cooperative of cancer. Now heading Modeling of Materials and Antennae for Efficient Wireless Power the aim of generating a Research Center into its sixth year, XTNC Devices Transmission,” the project was a collabora- production-ready instru- will be funded by the (I/UCRC), and was Large Detector HGCDTE DRS Sensors and Grant 5/1/14– $60,000 tion with Battelle Memorial Institute and ment for use in a BSL-4 Center for Nanoscience • one of only a handful Detector Optical & Electrical Targeting Systems 6/30/15 related to the implementation of nanoplas- laboratory. In addition of NSF centers & Nanobiotechnology. Modeling monics for remote powering of portable to the PI and Co-PI, Photonics Center staff to be featured Next Generation INGAAS Fulcrum Contract 9/30/14– $97,060 devices, including implantable biosensors. participating Boston members provide finan- • Swir Detector Arrays Analysis 9/29/16 This project generated substantial commer- University faculty mem- on their Science cial and administrative Modeling cial interest and was backed up by a one-for- bers include Professors Nation video series. management on the one match on NSF funds by Battelle, who Helen Fawcett, Catherine Charles River Campus • Large Detector HDCDTE DRS Sensors and Contract 5/1/14– $25,000 Detector Optical & Electrical has also contributed significantly in testing Klapperich, and Mario and coordinate with the Targeting Systems 9/30/15 Modeling and applications development. A final design Cabodi. Collaboration corresponding Medical review was held at Battelle, where powering a with the University of Texas Medical Campus portion of the program. Bifano ME • 2014 Workshop on Noninvasive National Science Grant 8/1/14– $45,094 medical sensor and LED displays using wire- Branch (UTMB) includes working with Brain Imaging Foundation 7/31/15 Professor Thomas Geisbert, who oversees less power transmission were demonstrated. DoD IARPA: Intelligence Advanced I/UCRC Collaborative Research I/UCRC: Industry Grant 7/1/11– $150,000 the BSL-4 testing of the instrument at • Research Projects Activity Memberships 6/30/15 MAJOR PROJECTS MANAGED BY their facility. The focus of the grant is on The IARPA grant awarded Professors THE CENTER development of a photonics-based tech- Bennett Goldberg, Selim Ünlü, and • I/UCRC Collaborative Research: National Science Grant 3/1/11– $80,000 nology platform, including integration Thomas Bifano ended in June 2015. BU I/UCRC: Center for Biophotonic Foundation 2/29/16 NIH U54: Center for Innovation in with microfluidics and sample prepara- was the prime candidate for a four-year Sensors and Systems (CBSS) Point of Care Technologies for the tion techniques. Alongside two com- grant entitled “Next Generation Solid Bigio BME • Optical Imaging of Columbia Grant 4/1/11– $40,000 Future of Cancer Care mercial partners, the team is currently Immersion Microscopy for Fault Isolation ­Chemotherapy for Brain Tumors University 3/31/15 Professor Catherine Klapperich was preparing to launch an instrument into in Backside Analysis.” Professor Goldberg awarded a five-year, U54 cooperative a BSL-4 laboratory. Starting in August also has a subcontract on a second IARPA • Billing Agreement­—Support for General Hospital Grant 9/1/12– $43,657 agreement that started on July 1, 2012. The 2015, Year 5 will be the final transition of program, “Logic Analysis Tool.” In both Hao Li Corp D/B/A 11/30/14 program focuses on identification, pro- the research and development work from programs, the Photonics Center provided Massachusetts totyping, and early clinical assessment of the laboratory to commercial partners financial and administrative manage- General Hospital innovative point-of-care technologies for and the final assessment by the UTMB ment, and Helen Fawcett is the Program Optical Imaging of Columbia Grant 4/1/11– $32,740 treating, screening, diagnosis, and mon- researchers. In addition to program Manager. In the final year, the team tran- • ­Chemotherapy for Brain Tumors University 3/31/16 itoring of cancers. Helen Fawcett is the management and directing integration sitioned the advanced technology onto a technical program manager of this grant; with commercial partners, the Photonics commercial unit that has been delivered • Training Program in Quantitative National Institutes Grant 7/1/12– $319,295 the Photonics Center provides financial Center also provides financial and admin- to a government facility for further test- Biology and Physiology of Health 6/20/17 and administrative management. The istrative management for this five-year ing and development of a first-generation third year of the grant has been completed program. technology platform. A Cooperative Bishop ECE • MEMS Devices for Detecting Department of Contract 1/1/15– $56,465 and a new set of projects has been initiated Research and Development Agreement the Casimir Energy and Position Commerce/NIST 12/31/15 in Year 4. Project solicitation for Year 5 will (CRADA) with the Air Force Research NIH XTNC: Cross-Disciplinary Train- Sensing for Nanomanufacturing commence in early fall. For more details ing in Nanotechnology for Cancer Lab (AFRL) is an expected outcome in the and information on this dynamic center, Formed by the Center for Nanoscience summer months following the end of the • Calligraphy to Build Tunable Department of Contract 6/4/15– $409,099 please visit: www.bu.edu/cftcc. & Nanobiotechnology as an offshoot of IARPA award. Optical Metamaterials Defense/Air Force 9/12/17

20 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 21 PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded Period in FY15 Period in FY15 Bishop ECE • Agreement with LGS LGS Innovations, Contract 11/19/14– $86,040 Goldberg PHY • Logic Analysis Tool DCG Systems, Inc. Grant 12/8/10– $48,964 LLC 11/18/15 12/7/14 • MRI Development of a Holo- National Science Grant 8/15/14– $383,878 Bunch ME • Career: Atomic Scale Defect National Science Grant 4/15/14– $163,520 graphic Nanoscale Optics Foundation 7/31/17 Engineering in Graphene Foundation 02/29/16 Instrument Membranes • Boston University Cross- NIH/National Grant 9/1/10– $427,570 • Graphene Membrane Lockheed Martin Contract 3/5/15– $45,737 Disciplinary Training in Cancer Institute 7/31/15 Characterization Corporation 09/01/15 Nanotechnology for Cancer • Graphene Membrane Lockheed Martin Contract 1/13/15– $10,000 • RET in Engineering and National Science Grant 5/1/15– $375,000 Characterization Corporation 06/30/15 Computer Science Site: Foundation 4/30/18 Integrated Nanomanufacturing Connor MED Evaluation of the Mechanism Department of Contract 8/18/14– $140,093 • Next Generation Solid Immer- Department of Contract 11/10/10– $115,100 of Action of FDA-Approved Defense/Army 08/17/15 • sion Microscopy for Fault Isola- Defense/Air Force 6/30/15 Compounds that Show Activity Medical RESEA tion in Back-Side Analysis Against Ebola Virus MOOC-Sponsored Learning Michigan State Grant 10/1/13– $31,263 Biomarker Discovery Johns Hopkins Contract 3/10/15– $45,211 • • Communities for Future STEM University 9/30/16 University Applied 4/17/15 Faculty: Multiple Paths to Physics Advance Evidence-Based • Development of Near Real-Time, NIH/National Grant 8/1/11– $872,644 Teaching Across the Nation Multiplexed Diagnostics for Institute of Allergy 7/31/16 The CIRTL Network: 22 University of Contract 9/1/14– $43,100 Viral Hemorrhagic Fever & Infectious • Research Universities Preparing Wisconsin­ 8/31/15 Diseases a National Faculty to Advance • Biomarker Discovery Johns Hopkins Contract 3/10/15– $134,789 Undergraduate Success University Applied 1/31/16 The CIRTL Network: 25 Uni- University of Grant 8/15/13– $53,285 Physics • versities Preparing a National Wisconsin­ 7/31/15 Faculty to Advance STEM • Evaluation of the Mechanism Department of Contract 8/18/14– $146,931 Undergraduate Learning of Action of FDA-Approved Defense/Army 8/17/16 Goldstein MED Quantifying Acute and Chronic Charles Stark Contract 7/1/14– $110,000 Compounds that Show Activity Medical Research • Effects of Traumatic Brain Injury Draper Laboratory, 6/26/15 Against Ebola Virus (TBI) Inc. • Biomarker Discovery Johns Hopkins Contract 3/10/15– $45,211 • The Blood-Brain Barrier as a Crown Grant 1/1/15– $300,000 University Applied 4/17/15 Diagnostic and Therapeutic Philanthropies­ 12/31/15 Physics Target for Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) Dal Negro ECE • Eager: Engineering Light-Matter National Science Grant 6/15/15– $117,574 • Effects of Space Radiation NASA Grant 9/1/11– $250,000 Interaction via Topological Phase Foundation 5/31/16 on Hippocampal-Dependent 3/31/16 Transitions in Photonics Hetero- Learning and Neuropathology structure with Aperiodic Order in Wild-Type and Alzheimer’s Fritz AST • UNP8/BUSAT3: Andesite: Department of Grant 9/1/13– $55,000 Disease Transgenic Mice Ad-Hoc Network Demonstra- Defense/AFOSR 10/31/15 • Effects of Blast Neurotrauma Department of Grant 9/16/13– $354,151 tion for Spatially Extended on Alzheimer’s Disease Defense 9/15/15 Satellite-Based Inquiry and Pathogenesis­ Other Team Endeavors Han BME • Analysis of Biodesign as Drug Massachusetts Eye Grant 2/1/15– $5,000 Gabel MED • Wedge-Based Approach for Physical Sciences, Grant 10/1/14– $20,000 Permeable Dural Replacement in and Ear Infirmary 1/31/16 Simultaneous Multi-channel Inc. 7/31/15 Blood-Brain Barrier Permeabaliz- Microscopy ing Mucosal Graft Reconstruc- • Molecular Determination of in NIH/National Grant 5/1/13– $358,094 tion of the Skull Base vivo Cellular Calcium Signaling Institute of 4/30/18 • Causal Analysis of Electrically NIH/National Grant 9/30/13– $320,314 During Nerve Damage Neurological­ Connected Neural Network Cancer Institute 8/31/17 Disorders­

22 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 23 PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded Period in FY15 Period in FY15 Joshi ECE • Lincoln Scholars Program—­ MIT/Lincoln Contract 9/1/14– $18,374 Mertz BME • High Resolution Phase Contrast NIH/National Grant 12/15/13– $310,709 Jeffry Warren Little Laboratory 12/31/14 Endoscopy Cancer Institute 11/30/17 • Biologically-Inspired Hardware NASA Grant 8/1/12– $53,346 • High Resolution Phase Contrast NIH/National Grant 12/15/13– $34,525 for Land/Aerial Robots (Student: 7/31/16 Endoscopy Cancer Institute 11/30/17 Schuyler Eldridge) • UNS: Fluorescence Light-Field National Science Grant 6/1/15– $299,997 • Career: System-Level Run-Time National Science Grant 4/1/12– $96,791 Imaging with a Lenseless Flexi- Foundation 5/31/18 Management Techniques for Foundation 3/31/17 ble Fiber Bundle Energy-Efficient Silicon-Photonic Moustakas ECE • Development of High-Efficiency National Science Grant 8/1/14– $336,873 Manycore Systems Aigan Deep UV-LEDS on P-SIC Foundation 7/31/17 Klamkin ECE • HELIOS: Heterogeneous Laser NASA Grant 9/5/14– $400,000 Substrates Transmitter Integration for 9/4/17 • Surface Structuring for Mono- Osram Sylvania, Contract 9/1/12– $25,000 Lowswap lithic Phosphors Inc. 4/30/14 • Microwave Photonic Integrated Johns Hopkins Contract 3/2/15– $14,861 Paiella ECE Group-IV Interbrand and Inter- Department of Grant 9/30/14– $220,000 University Applied • Circuits for Broadband Beam- 8/31/15 subrand Semiconductor Lasers Defense/AFOSR 9/29/17 Physics forming Based on SIGE Nanomembranes • Microwave Photonic Integrated Johns Hopkins Contract 3/2/15– $60,139 • Plasmonic Control of Radiation Department of Grant 8/15/06– $170,000 Circuits for Broadband Beam- University Applied 8/31/15 and Absorption Processes in Energy 12/31/15 forming Physics Semiconductor Quantum Dots Klapperich BME • Center for Innovation in Point of NIH/National Contract 7/1/12– $1,727,117 Pavlidis ECE • IPA Assignment—Dimitris National Science Contract 11/3/14– $249,924 Care Technologies for the Future Cancer Institute 6/30/17 Pavlidis Foundation 11/2/15 of Cancer Care Ramachandran ECE (BRI) High-Power Fiber Lasers Department of Grant 9/1/14– $250,000 Center for Innovation in Point of NIH/National Contract 7/1/12– $55,990 • • Using Intermodal Nonlinearities Defense/AFOSR 8/31/19 Care Technologies for the Future Cancer Institute 6/30/17 of Cancer Care • Fundamental Research on University of Grant 8/1/13– $100,000 Wavelength-Agile-High-Rate Illinois, Urbana- 7/31/16 Rapid Molecular Diagnostic for NIH/National Grant 8/5/14– $403,818 • Quantum Key Distribution Champaign Chlamydia and Gonorrhea at the Cancer Institute 8/4/15 (QKD) in a Marine Environment Point-of-Care Fundamental Research on University of Grant 8/1/13– $45,000 Bacterial Drug Susceptibil- Fraunhofer USA Grant 7/1/10– $68,000 • • Wavelength-Agile-High-Rate Illinois, Urbana- 7/31/16 ity Identification by Surface 6/30/15 Quantum Key Distribution Champaign Enhanced Raman Microscopy (QKD) in a Marine Environment Paper Microfluidic Chip for General Hospital­ Grant 4/15/15– $139,425 • Fundamental Research on University of Grant 8/1/13– $256,237 Isothermal Amplification and Corp D/B/A 6/30/15 • Wavelength-Agile-High-Rate Illinois, Urbana- 7/31/16 Lateral Flow Detection of HPV Massachusetts­ Quantum Key Distribution Champaign DNA General Hospital • (QKD) in a Marine Environment A Rapid Instrument Free Molec- NIH/National Grant 2/21/14– $57,962 • High Power Blue Green Lasers Department of Grant 11/1/10– $8,759 ular Diagnostic for B. Pertussis Institute of Allergy 2/22/15 • for Communications Defense/ONR 5/31/15 & Infectious Diseases­­ Reinhard CHEM • Illuminating Dynamic Receptor NIH/National Grant 5/1/14– $368,325 • Rapid Molecular Diagnostics for NIH/National Grant 4/1/15– $143,666 Clustering in the Epidermal Cancer Institute 4/30/19 Chlamydia and Gonorrhea at the Institute of Allergy 3/31/19 Growth Factor Receptor Point-of-Care & Infectious • New Optoplasmonic Materials Department of Grant 9/1/13– $160,000 Diseases for Next Generation Energy Energy 8/31/16 • Center for Innovation in Point of NIH/National Contract 7/1/12– $1,810,561 Systems Care Technologies for the Future Institute of Bio- 6/30/17 Ritt BME • Multi-Region, Extended-Depth NIH/National Grant 7/1/15– $245,550 of Cancer Care medical Imaging Imaging of Neural Activity VIAA Institute of Bio- 4/30/17 Mertz BME • Billing Agreement—Graduate Massachusetts Grant 5/1/12– $3,466 Novel Needle Micro Endoscope medical Imaging Student Support—Raphael General Hospital 8/31/14 Roblyer BME Personalized Chemotherapy American Cancer Grant 7/1/14– $776,000 Turcotte Through Rapid Monitoring with Society, Inc. 6/30/18 Wearable Optics

24 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 25 PI Dept. Title of Project Sponsor Award Type Funding Amount Funded Period in FY15 Rothschild PHY • Structure/Function of Microbial University of Texas Grant 4/1/13– $95,498 Publications, Patents & Awards Sensory Rhodopsins 3/31/15 Schmidt ME • The EM-Tech Polymer Project EM-Tech Contract 1/1/14– $43,000 1/31/16 Semeter ECE • Collaborative Research: PINOT - National Science Grant 10/1/12– $32,359 PFISR Ion-Neutral Observations Foundation 9/30/15 chiometric Concentration in Perovskites Experimental Study of Time- and Tem- in the Thermosphere BOOK CHAPTERS from First Principles,” Applied Surface perature-Dependent Photoluminescence Science, 323, 65–70, 2014. in ZnO,” Journal of Electronic Materials, Collaborative Research: RINGS- National Science Grant 8/15/13– $113,920 • S. Basu and V. Sarin, “Thermal and Envi- 43, 3033–3040, 2014. RISR Investigation of the Geo- Foundation 7/31/16 ronmental Barrier Coatings,” Comprehen­ J. Xu, B. Lo, Y. Jiang, U. Pal, and S. Basu, space System sive Hard Materials, Volume 2, edited by “Stability of Yttria Stabilized Zirconia in X. Zhou, F. Bertazzi, M. Goano, G. Ghione • Draper Urad Contract to BU: Draper Laboratory, Grant 9/1/14– $31,820 V.K. Sarin, Elsevier Ltd., 2014. Molten Oxy-Fluorite Flux for the Produc- and E. Bellotti, “Deriving k.p Parameters Development of a Prototype Inc. 6/26/15 tion of Silicon with the Solid Oxide Mem- from Full-Brillouin-zone Descriptions: A CPT Magnetometer T. Bifano, J. Kubby, S. Gigan, “Proceed- brane Process,” Journal of the European Finite-Element Envelope Function Model • Inspire Track 1: Mahali Space Massachusetts Grant 12/1/13– $60,648 ings of SPIE MEMS Adaptive Optics VIII Ceramic Society, 34, 3887–3896, 2014. for Quantum-Confined Wurtzite Nano- Weather Monitoring Everywhere Institute of 11/30/16 Introduction,” Mems Adaptive Optics VIII, structures,” Journal of Applied Physics, 116, Technology 8978, 2014. J.D. Milshtein, S. Basu, S. Gopalan, and 2014. • The Millstone Hill Geospace Massachusetts Grant 12/15/12– $63,915 U. Pal, “Simple Method for Determining Facility Institute of 11/30/17 N. Cohen, O. Okoro, D. Earle, P. Salkind, B. Metal Powder Oxidation Kinetics with M. Calciati, M. Goano, F. Bertazzi, M. Technology Unger, S. Yen, D. McHugh, S. Polterzycki, a Zirconia Sensor,” Annals of Materials Vallone1, X. Zhou, G. Ghione, M. Menegh- and A. Shelman-Cohen, “Fractal-Based Science & Engineering, 13, 1–7, 2014. ini, G. Meneghesso, E. Zanoni, E. Bellotti, Sergienko ECE Quantum Communication Using University of Grant 9/12/12– $204,570 • Wideband Invisibility Cloak,” in Benoit G. Verzellesi, D. Zhu and C. Humphreys, Macroscopic Phase Entangled Maryland, 9/11/15 Mandelbrot: A Life In Many Dimensions, J. Schuster, A. D’Souza, and E. Bellotti, “Correlating Electroluminescence Char- States Baltimore County edited by Michael Frame and Nathan “Analysis of InAsSb nBn Spectrally Filter- acterization and Physics-Based Models • Quantum Communication Using University of Grant 9/12/12– $204,570 Cohen, World Scientific Press, 2015. ing Photon-Trapping Structures,” Optics of InGaN/GaN LEDs: Pitfalls and Open Macroscopic Phase Entangled Maryland, 9/11/15 Express, 22, 2014. Issues,” AIP Advances, 4, 2014. States Baltimore County D. Sevenler, N. Lortlar Ünlü, and M. Ünlü, Swan ECE • Strain Physics in Graphene— National Science Grant 9/1/14– $539,294 “Nanoparticle Biosensing with Interfer- J. Schuster, and E. Bellotti, “Evalua- M. Hatsubara, L. Pizzagalli, and E. Bel- From Friction to Pseudo Foundation 8/31/17 ometric Reflectance Imaging,”Nanobio­ tion of Quantum Efficiency, Crosstalk, lotti, “Threading Screw Dislocations in Magnetic­ Fields sensors and Nanobioanalyses, edited by and Surface Recombination in HgCdTe GaN by the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof Zhang ME • REU: Integrated National Science Grant 5/1/15– $360,757 Vestergaard, Kerman, Hsing, Tamiya, and Photon-Trapping Structures,” Journal of Hybrid Functional,” Physica Status Solidi Nanomanufacturing Foundation 4/30/18 Springer, February 2015. Electronic Materials, 43, 2808–2817, 2014. C—Current Topics in Solid State Physics, 11, 2014. Draper Laboratory Fellow: David Draper Laboratory, Grant 9/1/14– $44,547 • W. Premasiri, P. Lemler, Y. Chen, Y. Gebreg- H. Wen, and E. Bellotti, “Numerical Sutherland Inc. 8/31/15 ziabher and L. Ziegler, “SERS Analysis of Analysis of Radiative Recombination in V. Avrutin, S. Hafiz, F. Zhang, Ü. Özgür, • Coupled Evanescent Field University of Texas Grant 1/1/10– $295,902 Bacteria, Human Blood and Cancer Cells: A Narrow-Gap Semiconductors Using the E. Bellotti, F. Bertazzi, M. Goano, A. Micro-Resonators for Downhole 6/1/16 Metabolomic and Diagnostic Tool” in Fron­ Green’s Function Formalism,” Journal of Matulionis, A. Roberts, H. Everitt, and H. Datarelay tiers of Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering: Electronic Materials, 43, 2841–2848, 2014. Morkoc, “Saga of Efficiency Degradation Single-Nanoparticles and Single Cells, edited at High Injection in InGaN Light Emitting Ziegler CHEM Bacterials Drug Susceptibil- Fraunhofer USA Grant 7/1/10– $128,000 • by Y. Ozaki, K. Kneipp, and R. Aroca, John B. Pinkie, and E. Bellotti, “Numerical Sim- Diodes,” Journal Turkish Journal of Phys­ ity Identification by Surface 6/30/15 Wiley & Sons, 2014. ulation of the Modulation Transfer Func- ics, 38, 269–313, 2014. Enhanced Raman Microscopy tion in HgCdTe Detector Arrays,” Journal of • Body Fluid Analysis by Surface Department of Contract 1/1/15– $403,397 JOURNAL ARTICLES Electronic Materials, 43, 2864–2873, 2014. K. Vigil, Y. Lu, A. Yurt, T. Cilingiroglu, T. Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy Justice/NIJ 12/31/16 Bifano, M. Ünlü, and B. Goldberg, “Inte- for Forensic Applications Y. Yu, H. Luo, D. Cetin, X. Lin, K. Ludwig, M. Reine, B. Pinkie, J. Schuster, E. Bellotti, grated Circuit Super-Resolution Failure U. Pal, S. Gopalan, and S. Basu, “Effect of et al. “Numerical Simulation and Analyti- Analysis with Solid Immersion Lenses,” PENDING PROPOSAL APPLICATIONS Atmospheric CO2 on Surface Segregation cal Modeling of InAs nBn Infrared Detec- Electronic Device Failure Analysis, 16, Photonics faculty members submitted 153 proposals for more than $114.3M for the period July 1, 2014–June 30, 2015, as reported by the and Phase Formation in Thin Films,” tors with n-Type Barrier Layers,” Journal 26–32, 2014. Sponsored Programs office. Applied Surface Science, 323, 71–77, 2014. of Electronic Materials, 43, 2915–2934, 2014. S. Joshi, R. Singh-Moon, M. Wang, D. H. Luo, Y. Shin, Y. Yu, D. Cetin, K. Kudwig, Chaudhuri, M. Holcomb, N. Straubinger, J. U. Pal, S. Basu, S. Gopalan, and X. Lin, S. Shishehchi, G. Garrett, S. Rudin, M. Bruce, I. Bigio, and R. Straubinger, “Tran- “Predicting Oxygen Vacancy Non-Stoi- Wraback, and E. Bellotti, “Theoretical and sient Cerebral Hypoperfusion Assisted

26 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 27 Intraarterial Cationic Liposome Delivery After Intracarotid Injection,” Journal of and Characterization of a Spring Steel grated Circuit Super-Resolution Failure K. Tye, R. Roska, J. Cardin, and E. Boyden, ture Microscope,” Optics Letters, 39, 3, to Brain Tissue,” Neuro-Oncology, 118, Neuro-oncology, 120, 489–497, 2014. Hinge for Deployable Cubesat Structures,” Analysis with Solid Immersion Lenses,” “Noninvasive Optical Inhibition with a 1152–1162, 2014. 73–82, 2014. Journal of Small Satellites, 2014. Electronic Device Failure Analysis, 16, Red-shifted Microbial Rhodopsin,” Nature S. Joshi, R. Singh-Moon, J. Ellis, D. Chaud- 26–33, 2014. Neuroscience, 2014. J. Giese, T. Ford, and J. Mertz, “Fast Vol- S. Joshi, R. Singh-Moon, M. Wang, I. Bigio, huri, M. Wang, R. Reif, J. Bruce, I. Bigio L. Waldrop, E. Roelof, and T. Fritz, umetric Phase-gradient Imaging in Thick A. Mayevsky, “Real-time Hemodynamic and R. Straubinger, “Cerebral Hypoperfu- “Energetic Ion Streaming in the Jovian L. Goldstein, A. C. McKee, P. K. Stanton, A. Kocharyan, R. Feldman, A. Singleton, X. Samples,” Optics Express, 22, 1, 1152–1162, Response and Mitochondrial Function sion-assisted Intraarterial Deposition of Magnetosphere,” Journal of Geophysical “Considerations for Animal Models of Han, and B. Bleier, “P-glycoprotein Inhi- 2014. Changes with Intracarotid Mannitol Injec- Liposomes in Normal and Glioma-bearing Research, 2014. Blast-Related Traumatic Brain Injury and bition Promotes Prednisone Retention tion,” Brain Research, 1549, 42–51, 2014. Rats,” Neurosurgery, 2014. Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy,” Alz­ in Human Sinonasal Polyp Explants,” Int J. Mertz, A. Gasecka, A. Daradich, I. L. Sun, J. Shay, M. McLoed, K. Roodhouse, heimer’s Research & Therapy, 6, 2014. Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2014. Davison, and D. Cote, “Phase-gradient E. Rodriguez-Diaz, C. Atkinson, L. Jepeal, X. Liu, J. Suk, N. Boddeti, L. Cantley, S. Chung, C. Clark, M. Alkema, and C. Contrast in Thick Tissue with a Scanning A. Berg, C. Huang, M. O’Brien, S. Cerda, L. Wang, J. Gray, H. Hall, V. Bright, C. Gabel, “Neuronal Regeneration in C. J. Suh, J. A. Moncaster, L. Wang, I. Hafeez, B. Bleier, A. Nocera, H. Iqbal, J. Hoang, Microscope,” Biomedical Optics Express, 5, F. Farraye, I. Bigio, and S. Singh, “Elas- Rogers, M. Dunn, R. Ruoff andJ. Bunch, elegans Requires Sub-cellular Calcium J. Herz, R. E. Tanzi, L. Goldstein, S. Y. U. Alvarez, R. Feldman, and X. Han, 2, 407–416, 2014. tic-Scattering Spectroscopy as an Optical “Large Arrays and Properties of 3-Ter- Release by Ryanodine Receptor Channels Guenette, “FE65 and FE65L1 Amyloid “P-glycoprotein Promotes Epithelial T Marker of Inflammatory Bowel Disease minal Graphene Nanoelectromechan- and Can Be Enhanced by Optogenetic Precursor Protein-Binding Protein Com- Helper 2-associated Cytokine Secretion in H. Sun and T. Moustakas, “UV Emitters Activity and Subtypes,” Inflammatory ical Switches,” Advanced Materials, 26, Stimulation,” Journal of Neuroscience, 34, pound Null Mice Display Adult-Onset Chronic Sinusitis with Nasal Polyps,” Int Based on an AlGaN p-n Junction in the Bowel Diseases, 20, 1029–1036, 2014. 1571–1576, 2014. 15947–56, 2014. Cataract and Muscle Weakness,” FASEB J, Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2014. Form of Graded-index Separate Confine- 29, 2628–2639, 2015. ment Heterostructure,” Applied Physics K. Calabro and I. Bigio, “Influence of the M. Cheung, B. McKenna, S. Wang, D. Wolf, M. Gruner, D. Nelson, R. Hintz, S. Chung, M. Zangeneh and A. Joshi, “Design and Express, 7, 2014. Phase Function in Generalized Diffuse D. Ehrlich, “Image-based Cell-resolved C. Gabel, A. van der Linden, “Feedback D. H. Daneshvar, L. Goldstein, P. T. Kier- Optimization of Nonvolatile Multi-bit Reflectance Models: Review of Current Screening Assays in Flow,” Cytometry A, 87, Modulation of Chemoreceptor Gene nan, T. D. Stein, A. C. McKee, “Post-Trau- 1T1R Resistive RAM,” Very Large Scale I. Gorczyca, T. Suski, G. Staszczak, X. Wang, Formalisms and Novel Observations,” 541–548, 2015. Expression Mediated by Feeding State and matic Neurodegeneration and Chronic Integration (VLSI) Systems, IEEE Transac­ N. Christensen, A. Svane, E. Dimakis, T. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 19, 2014. NPR-1,” PLOS Genetics, 10, 2014. Traumatic Encephalopathy,” Molecular & tions on, 22, 1815–1828, 2014. Moustakas, “Short Period Polar and Non- C. Lissandrello, F. Inci, M. Francom, M. Cellular Neuroscience, 66, 81–90, 2015. polar mInN/nGaN Superlattices,” Phys. J. Rosen, H. Suh, N. Giordano, O. A’amar, E. Paul, U. Demirci, and K. Ekinci, “Nano- S. Remi, B. Goldberg, and A. Swan, F. Raudies, S. Eldridge, A. Joshi, and M. Status Solidi C, 11, 678–681, 2014. Rodriguez-Diaz, I. Bigio, and S. Lee, “Pre- mechanical Motion of Escherichia coli “Charge Tuning of Nonresonant Magneto- A. Kondo, K. Shahpasand, R. Mannix, J. Versace, “Learning to Navigate in a Virtual operative Discrimination of Benign from Adhered to a Surface,” Applied Physics exciton Phonon Interactions in Graphene,” Qiu, J. Moncaster, C. H. Chen, Y. Yao, Y. M. World Using Optic Flow and Stereo Dis- A. Moldawer, A. Bhattacharyya, L. Zhou, D. Malignant Disease in Thyroid Nodules Letters, 105, 2014. Physical Review Letters, 112, 2014. Lin, J. A. Driver, Y. Sun, S. Wei, M. L. Luo, O. parity Signals,” Artificial Life and Robotics, Smith and T. Moustakas, “Characteriza- with Indeterminate Cytology Using Elastic Albayram, P. Huang, A. Rotenberg, A. Ryo, L. 2014. tion of a-plane GaN Templates Grown by Light-Scattering Spectroscopy,” IEEE T. Kouh, U. Kemiktarak, O. Basarir, C. G. Daaboul, C. Lopez, J. Chinnala, B. Goldstein, A. Pascual-Leone, A. C. McKee, HVPE and High Efficiency Deep UV Emit- Transactions on Biomedical Engineering, Lissandrello, and K. Ekinci, “Measuring Goldberg, J. Connor, and M. Ünlü, “Digital W. Meehan, X. Z. Zhou, K. P. Lu, “Antibody S. Wong, M. Cabodi, J. Rolland, and C. ting AlGaN /AlN MQWs Grown by MBE on 61, 2336–2340, 2014. Gaussian Noise Using a Lock-in Amplifer,” Sensing and Sizing of Vesicular Stomatitis Against Early Driver of Neurodegeneration Klapperich, “Evaporative Concentration Such Templates,” Physica Status Solidi C, American Journal of Physics, 82, 778, 2014. Virus Pseudotypes in Complex Media: A Cis P-tau Blocks Brain Injury and Tauopa- on a Paper-based Device to Concentrate 11, 585–589, 2014. R. Singh-Moon, D. Roblyer, I. Bigio, and S. Model for Ebola and Marburg Detection,” thy,” Nature, 523, 431–436, 2015. Analytes in a Biological Fluid,” Analytical Joshi, “Spatial Mapping of Drug Delivery O. Ozsun, R. Thompson, K. Ekinci, and J. ACS Nano, 8, 6047–6055, 2014. Chemistry, 2014. W. Pan, E. Dimakis, G. Wang, T. Mous- to Brain Tissue Using Hyperspectral Spa- Tien, “Non-invasive Mapping of Intersti- R. Kohman, and X. Han, “Light-Sensitiza- takas, and D. Tsui, “Two-dimensional tial Frequency Domain Imaging,” Journal tial Fluid Pressure in Microscale Tissues,” M. Banaee, M. Ünlü, and B. Goldberg, tion of DNA Nanostructures via Incorpo- J. Linnes, A. Fan, N. Rodriguez, B. Lemieux, Electron Gas in Monolayer InN Quantum of Biomedical Optics, 19, 2014. Integrative Biology, 6, 979–987, 2014. “Sub - L/10 Spot Size in Semiconductor ration of Photo-Cleavable Spacers,” Chem. H. Kong and C. Klapperich, “Paper-based Wells,” Appl. Phys. Lett., 105, 2014. Solid Immersion Lens Microscopy,” Optics Commun, 2015. Molecular Diagnostic for Chlamydia Tra- E. Rodriguez-Diaz, Q. Huang, S. Cerda, M. A. Mertiri, H. Altug, M. Hong, P. Mehta, J. Communications, 315, 108–111, 2014. chomatis,” RSC Advances, 4, 42245–42251, K. Tantiwanichapan, X. Wang, A. Swan, O’Brien, I. Bigio, and S. Singh, “Endoscopic Mertz, L. Ziegler and S. Erramilli, “Pitch- B. Bleier, A. Kocharyan, A. Singleton, and 2014. and R. Paiella, “Graphene on Nanoscale Histological Assessment of Colonic Polyps fork Bifurcation and Zharov splitting in A. Yurt, A. Uyar, T. Cilingiroglu, B. Gold- X. Han, “Verapamil Modulates Inter- Gratings for the Generation of Terahertz by using Elastic Scattering Spectroscopy,” Nonlinear Mid-infrared Photothermal Spec- berg, and M. Ünlü, “Evanescent Waves in leukin-5 and Interleukin-6 Secretion in R. Barankov and J. Mertz, “High-through- Smith-Purcell Radiation,” Appl. Phys. Lett., Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, 2014. troscopy,” ACS Photonics 1, 696–702, 2014. High Numerical Aperture Aplanatic Solid Organotypic Human Sinonasal Polyp put Imaging of Self-luminous Objects 105, 2014. Immersion Microscopy: Effects of Forbid- Explants,” Int Forum Allergy Rhinol, 2015. through a Single Optical Fibre,” Nature J. Angelo, V. Venugopal, F. Fantoni, L. C. Parker, D. Voss, and T. Fritz, “Electron den Light on Subsurface Imaging,” Optics Communications, Nov. 2014. C. Boztug, J. Sánchez Pérez, F. Cavallo, M. Herve, J. Dinten, V. Poher, I. Bigio, and and Proton Beam Testing of Pixelated Express, 22, 7422–7433, 2014. R. Kohman, X. Han, and B. Bleier, “Hetero- Lagally, and R. Paiella, “Strained-Germa- S. Gioux, “Depth Sensitive Fluorescence Solid State Detectors, Nuclear Instruments topic Mucosal Engrafting Procedure for A. Mertiri, H. Altug, M. Hong, P. Mehta, nium Nanostructures for Infrared Photon- Imaging using Masked Detection of Struc- and Methods,” Physics Research Section A: A. Yurt, M. Grogan, S. Ramachandran, B. Direct Drug Delivery to the Brain in Mice,” J. Mertz, L. Ziegler, and S. Erramilli, ics,” ACS Nano, 8, 3136–3151, 2014. tured Illumination,” Journal of Biomedical Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Goldberg, and M. Ünlü, “Effect of Vector J Vis Exp, 2014. “Nonlinear Midinfrared Photothermal Optics, 19, 2014. Associated Equipment, 741, 37–41, 2014. Asymmetry of Radially Polarized Beams Spectroscopy Using Zharov Splitting and J. Demas and S. Ramachandran, “Sub-sec- in Solid Immersion Microscopy,” Optics A. Chuong, M. Miri, V. Busskamp, G. Mat- Quantum Cascade Lasers,” ACS Photonics, ond Mode Measurement of Fibers Using C2 S. Joshi, R. Singh-Moon, D. Chaudhuri, M. C. Parker and T. Fritz, “The Loss Cone Express, 22, 7320–7329, 2014. thews, L. Acker, A. Soresnsen, A. Young, N. 1, 8, 696–702, July 2014. Imaging,” Opt. Exp., 22, 23043, 2014. Wang, J. Bruce, I. Bigio, and R. Straubin- Imager,” Space Science Reviews, 2014. Klapoetke, M. Henninger, S. Kodandara- ger, “Cationic Surface Charge Enhances K. Vigil, Y. Lu, A. Yurt, T. Cilingiroglu, T. maiah, M. Ogawa, S. Ramanlal, R. Bandler, J. Baritaux, C. Chan, J. Li, and J. Mertz, A. Yurt, M. Grogan, S. Ramachandran, B. Early Regional Deposition of Liposomes E. Ziade, C. Patmont, and T. Fritz, “Design Bifano, M. Ünlü, and B. Goldberg, “Inte- B. Allen, C. Forest, B. Chow, X. Han, Y. Lin, “View Synthesis with a Partitioned-aper- Goldberg, and M. Ünlü, “Effect of Vector

28 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 29 Asymmetry of Radially Polarized Beams in Rothschild, C. Bowlus, I. Adamopoulos, P. Quantum Key Distribution?’’ Natural Device for Wireless Stimulation of Neural A. Sternbach, X. Zhang, R. Averitt, and facturing the Same,” Issue Date: March 24, Solid Immersion Microscopy,” Opt. Exp., Leung, H. Janssen, A. Cheung, C. Coltescu, Computing, 13, 459–467, 2014. Tissue,” Frontiers in Neuroengineering, 7, K. Nelson, “A Review of Non-Linear 2015. 22, 7320, 2014. and M. Gershwin, “Anti-kelch-like 12 and 1–12, 2014. Terahertz Spectroscopy with Ultrashort Anti-hexokinase 1: Novel Autoantibodies D. Simon, G. Jaeger, and A. Sergienko, Tabletop-Laser Pulses,” Journal of Modern Kenneth Rothschild (US Patent P. Steinvurzel, J. Demas, B. Tai, Y. Chen, L. in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis,” Liver Int, 35, “Quantum Information in Communication X. Cheng, G. Daaboul, M. Ünlü, and K. Optics, June 2014. #8,852,956) “Methods for Diagnostic Pri- Yan, and S. Ramachandran, “Broadband 642–651, 2015. and Imaging,” International Journal of Kerman, “LED-based Interferometric mary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) Using Novel Parametric Wavelength Conversion at 1 Quantum Information, 12, 143004, 2014. Reflectance Imaging Sensor for the Detec- H. Seren, X. Zhao, C. Chen, C. Wang, and Autoantigens,” Issue Date: October 7, 2014. mm with Large Mode Area Fibers,” Optics J. Yang, E. Ziade, C. Maragliano, R. Crowder, tion of Amyloid-b Aggregation,” Analyst, X. Zhang, “Enabling a Microfluidic RFID Letters, 39, 743, 2014. X. Wang, M. Stefancich, M. Chiesa, A. K. D. Simon and A. Sergienko, “High Capac- 139, 59–65, 2014. Readout System via Miniaturation and Inte- Kenneth Rothschild (US Patent Swan, and A. Schmidt, “Thermal Con- ity Quantum Key Distribution via Hype- gration,” Journal of Microelectromechanical #8,906,700) “Methods and Compositions J. Jung, R. Istfan, D. Roblyer, “Note: A ductance Imaging of Graphene Contacts,” rentangled Degrees of Freedom,’’ New M. Banaee, M. Ünlü, and B. Goldberg, Systems, 24, 2, 395–403, March 2015. for Phototransfer,” Issue Date: December Simple Broad Bandwidth Undersampling Journal of Applied Physics, 116, 2014. Journal of Physics, 16, 063052, 2014. “Sub—L/10 Spot Size in Semiconductor 9, 2014. Frequency-Domain Digital Diffuse Optical Solid Immersion Lens Microscopy,” Optics Y. Qiu, A. Bayomy, M. Gomez, M. Bauer, P. Spectroscopy System,” Review of Scientific J. Buongiorno, D. Cahill, C. Hidrovo, S. D. Simon, G. Jaeger, and A. Sergienko, Communications, 315, 108–111, 2014. Du, Y. Yang, X. Zhang, and R. Liao, “A Role AWARDS Instruments, 85, 2014. Moghaddam, A. Schmidt and L. Shi, “Entangled-Coherent-State Quantum Key for Matrix Stiffness in the Regulation of “Micro- and Nanoscale Measurement Distribution with Entanglement Witness- C. Wang, X. Wang, S. Anderson, and X. Cardiac Side Population Cell Function,” Thomas Bifano was named a Kern R.P. Singh-Moon, D. Roblyer, I.J. Bigio, S. Methods for Phase Change Heat Trans- ing,’’ Physical Review A, 89, 012315, 2014. Zhang, “Fabrication and Characterization AJP-Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Fellow by the Boston University College Joshia, “Spatial Mapping of Drug Delivery fer on Planar and Structured Surfaces,” of Composite Hydrogel Particles with 308, 9, May 2015. of Engineering. to Brain Tissue Using Hyperspectral Spa- Nanoscale and Microscale Thermophysical X. Zhang, G. Daaboul, P. Spuhler, D. Freed- X-Ray Attenuating Payloads,” Journal tial Frequency Domain Imaging,” Journal Engineering, 18, 270–287, 2014. man, A. Yurt, S. Ahn, O. Avci, and M. Ünlü, of Vacuum Science & Technology B, 32, X. Zhao, K. Fan, J. Zhang, H. Seren, G. Ajay Joshi received the Boston University of Biomedical Optics, 19, 2014. “Nanoscale Characterization of DNA Con- 032001, 2014. Metcalfe, M. Wraback, R. Averitt, and X. ECE Department Award for Excellence in J. Yang, E. Ziade, and A. Schmidt, “Imag- formation Using Dual-color Fluorescence Zhang, “Optically Tunable Metamaterial Teaching. G. Greening, R. Istfan, L. Higgins, K. ing Thermal Transport in Graphene,” Axial Localization and Label-free Biosens- C. Wang, X. Wang, S. Anderson, and X. Perfect Absorber on Highly Flexible Sub- Balachandran, D. Roblyer, M. Pierce, TJ ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, 137, ing,” Analyst, 13, 2014. Zhang, “Biocompatible, Micro- and strate,” Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, Catherine Klapperich was named an Muldoon, “Characterization of Thin Poly 020901, 2014. Nano-Fabricated Magnetic Cylinders for 231, 74–80, March 20, 2015. Inaugural Dorf-Ebner Faculty Fellow. (dimethylsiloxane)-Based Tissue-Simu- G. Daaboul, C. Lopez, J. Chinnala, B. Potential Use as Contrast Agents for Mag- lating Phantoms with Tunable Reduced E. Ziade, J. Yang, T. Sato, P. Czubarow, and Goldberg, J. Connor, and M. Ünlü, “Digital netic Resonance Imaging,” Sensors and S. Teo, C. Werley, C. Wang, K. Fan, B. Ofori- Catherine Klapperich was elected an Scattering and Absorption Coefficients A. Schmidt, “Thermal Property Imaging Sensing and Sizing of Vesicular Stomatitis Actuators B: Chemical, 196, 670–675, 2014. Okai, X. Zhang, R. Averitt, and K. Nelson, American Institute for Medical and Bio- in the Visible to Near-Infrared Domain,” of Aluminum Nitride Composites,” ASME Virus Pseudotypes in Complex Media: A “Visualization of Guided and Leaky Wave medical Engineering (AIMBE) Fellow. Journal of Biomedical Optics, 2014. Journal of Heat Transfer, 137, 020902, Model for Ebola and Marburg Detection,” F. Zhang, S. Anderson, X. Zheng, E. Rob- Behaviors in an Indium Tin Oxide Metallic 2014. Acs Nano, 8, 6047–6055, 2014. erts, Y. Qiu, R. Liao, and X. Zhang, “Cell Slab Waveguide,” Optics Express, 23, 11, Jerome Mertz was named a Fellow of J. Ogren, S. Mamaev, D. Russano, H. Li, Force Mapping Using a Double-Sided 14876–96, June 2015. the American Institute for Medical and J. Spudich, and K. Rothschild, “Retinal R. Nakamura, T. Karlsson, M. Hamrin, C. Yu, C. Lopez, H. Hu, Y. Xia, D. Freedman, Micropillar Array Based on the Moire Biomedical Engineering (AIMBE). Chromophore Structure and Schiff Base H. Nilsson, O. Marghitu, O. Amm, C. V. A. Reddington, G. Daaboul, M. Ünlü, and Fringe Method,” Applied Physics Letters, A. Mertiri, H. Altug, M. Hong, P. Mehta, Interactions in Red-shifted Channelrho- Bunescu, H. Constantinescu, U. Frey, A. C. Genco, “A High-throughput Method to 105, 033702, 2014. J. Mertz, L. Ziegler, and S. Erramilli, Theodore Moustakas was named a dopsin-1 from Chlamydomonas augustae,” Keiling, J. Semeter, E. Sorbalo, J. Vogt, Examine Protein-nucleotide Interactions “Nonlinear Midinfrared Photothermal Distinguished Professor of Photonics and Biochemistry, 53, 3961–3970, 2014. C. Forsyth, and M. V. Kubyshkina (2014), Identifies Targets of the Bacterial Tran- G. Keiser, H. Seren, A. Strikwerda, X. Spectroscopy Using Zharov Splitting and Optoelectronics by Boston University. “Low-Altitude Electron Acceleration Due scriptional Regulatory Protein Fur,” PLoS Zhang, and R. Averitt, “Structural Control Quantum Cascade Lasers,” ACS Photonics, J. Ogren, A. Yi, S. Mamaev, H. Li, J. Lugten- to Multiple Flow Bursts in the Magne- ONE, 9, 2014. of Metamaterial Oscillator Strength and 1, 696–702, 2014. Theodore Moustakas was named a burg, W. DeGrip, J. Spudich, and K. Roth- totail,” Geophysical Research Letters, 41, Electric Field Enhancement at Terahertz Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and schild, “Comparison of the Structural 2014. A. Yurt, A. Uyar, T. Cilingiroglu, B. Gold- Frequencies,” Applied Physics Letters, 105, P. Lemler, W. Premasiri, A. DelMonaco and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Changes Occurring During the Primary berg, and M. Ünlü, “Evanescent Waves in 081112, 2014. L. Ziegler, “NIR Raman Spectra of Whole Phototransition of Two Different Channel- Dahlgren, H., G. Perry, J.-P. St. Maurice, K. High Numerical Aperture Aplanatic Solid Human Blood: Effects of Laser-induced Jason Ritt received the National Insti- rhodopsins from Chlamydomonas Algae,” Hosokawa, J. Semeter, M.J. Nicolls, and K. Immersion Microscopy: Effects of Forbid- H. Seren, G. Keiser, L. Cao, J. Zhang, and in vitro Hemoglobin Denaturation,” tutes of Health Debut Award. Biochemistry, 2014. Shiokawa, “3D Imaging Reveals Electrody- den Light on Subsurface Imaging,” Optics A. Strikwerda, K. Fan, G. Metcalfe, M. Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, namics of Polar Cap Aurora,” Astronomy & Express, 22, 7422–7433, 2014. Wraback, X. Zhang, R.D. Averitt, “Opti- 406, 193–200, 2014. Michelle Sander received the Dean’s M. Lim, Z. Liu, K. Braunschweiger, A. Geophysics, 55, 5.26–5.28, 2014. cally Modulated Multiband Terahertz Catalyst Award by the Boston University Awad, and K. Rothschild, “Correlated A. Yurt, M. Grogan, S. Ramachandran, B. Perfect Absorber,” Advanced Optical Mate­ PATENTS College of Engineering. MALDI-MS and Fluorescent Imaging of H. Akbari, and J. Semeter, “Aspect Angle Goldberg, and M. Ünlü, “Effect of Vector rials, 2, 1221–1226, 2014. Photocleavable Peptide-Coded Random Dependence of Naturally Enhanced Ion Asymmetry of Radially Polarized Beams Theodore Moustakas (US Patent Xin Zhang received the Boston University Bead-Arrays,” Rapid Communications in Acoustic Lines,” Journal of Geophysical in Solid Immersion Microscopy,” Optics H. Hwang, S. Fleischer, N. Brandt, B. #8,987,755) “Ultraviolet Light Emitting Nanoscience & Nanobiotechnology Award. Mass Spectrometery, 28, 49–62, 2014. Research: Space Physics, 119, 5909–5917, Express, 22, 7320–732, 2014. Perkins, M. Hoffmann, M. Liu, K. Fan, Diode Structures and Methods of Manu- 2014. G. Norman, C. Yang, H. Ostendorff, Z. E. Cevik, D. Freedman, M. Gökkavas, E. Shums, M. Lim, J. Wang, A. Awad, G. G. Jaeger and A. Sergienko, ‘’Entangle- Özbay, M. Sahin, and M. Ünlü, “Improved Hirschfield, P. Milkiewicz, D. Bloch,K. ment Sudden Death: A Threat to Advanced Selectivity from a Wavelength Addressable

30 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 31 about the 2015 RET participants are as follows: Teachers were • 82% of the schools represented are from Educational Programs & Initiatives recruited from communities with higher than 40% high-needs public low-income households schools within the • 73% of the schools are receiving level Massachusetts 3 or higher district assistance from NSF Research Experiences for will participate in mentored discovery, Nanomanufacturing had been awarded. STEM Pipeline Massachusetts­ ­Undergraduates (REU) in Integrated engineering of new devices, and fabri- The website and application process network and • 10% of the participants are underrepre- Nanomanufacturing cation at the nanoscale level to explore opened immediately with a deadline of community sented minorities optical and integrated nanoscale systems, April 6, 2015. Teachers received offers to college faculty • 73% of the teachers are female Professors Xin Zhang and Helen Fawcett while developing the critical skills, aware- participate in the program several days in surrounding received notification at the end of January ness, and confidence necessary to advance after the application deadline closed, and districts. More information about the projects 2015 that the NSF REU Site in Integrated along their career pathways in academics by the end of April 2015, the first cohort and the teachers can be found at bu.edu/­ Nanomanufacturing (INM) had been and research. was finalized. photonics-ret. awarded. To remain competitive with other REU programs, within a week of notifica- The first cohort arrived at BU on June 8, Teachers were recruited from high-needs tion the co-directors opened a website and 2015, moved into their dorm rooms, and public schools within the Massachusetts application process. After a month and a started the program on Tuesday, June 9, STEM Pipeline network and community half, over 175 applications were received, 2015. Below are some relevant statistics college faculty in surrounding districts. with 40% of the applications from female about our 2015 REU participants: Teachers who have an interest in seeking candidates and 34% of the applicants from • 36% have no STEM majors offered at research opportunities to integrate into underrepresented minorities. (NSF defines their university their classroom curriculum are integrated underrepresented minority as Hispanic/ • 82% have two or fewer STEM majors with the interdisciplinary research in Latino, African American, Native Hawaiian offered at their university nanotechnology on the Boston University or Other Pacific Islander, and American • 59% are underrepresented minorities campus. These teachers will join research Indian or Alaskan Native. Asian and Cauca- (23% Hispanic, 36% African American) programs where they will work along- sian are not considered underrepresented • 64% are female side a NSF REU student who has already minorities.) The premise for this site was started in the lab four weeks prior to their a focus on students who are at institutions Next year’s annual report will cover more arrival. For the RET program, our goal is with limited to no STEM research for grad- information about the REU activities. For 25% underrepresented minority and 50% uate studies. Diversity of applicants was also now, our website has additional information female participation. In addition, at least a priority with a focus on underrepresented about the program: www.bu.edu/photonics-­ 80% of the participating school districts minorities, veterans, and female applicants. reu. In addition to our undergraduate must be from resource-limited schools researchers, Emily Biehl, a communica- with high percentages of underrepre- The REU site offers an interdisciplin- tions undergraduate from BU’s College of sented minority students. ary and transformative experience to Communication, is working with the group students from varying engineering to assist in upgrading the website and in The directors will assist in the transla- disciplines that reflect the diversity of the future recruiting and continued engage- tion of RET experiences into sustainable BU mentors in integrated nanomanufac- ment of current and future participants via STEM education curricula and activities turing. Training female and underrepre- networking and social media. at the teachers’ home schools through sented minorities from universities and team-based development together with community colleges that have limited The NSF REU INM is working alongside, research mentors in the teacher’s part- STEM research capabilities for graduate and integrating where possible, the other nering laboratory. The directors plan to studies will provide the largest impact to REU sites and researchers on campus, engage teachers from past and current diversifying future researchers in nano- including BU undergraduate researchers summers in collective workshops on technology. Participants will be immersed at the Undergraduate Research Opportu- flipped classrooms, online and blended in research while simultaneously gaining nities Program (UROP) office. learning, real-time assessment, and an education in interdisciplinary tech- other STEM pedagogy advancements, niques via mentored training from faculty NSF Research Experiences for teaming teachers with faculty to focus on and graduate students. Through this Teachers (RET) in Integrated the research-intensive faculty’s instruc- mentored training, participants will also Nanomanufacturing­ tional approaches. engage in a training program of nanotech- nology content, skills development, and Professors Bennett Goldberg and Helen The teachers arrived on Monday, July 6, career preparation with a focus on inter- Fawcett received notification in February 2015, and joined the undergraduates in disciplinary engineering topics. Students 2015 that the NSF RET Site in Integrated the laboratory. Some relevant statistics

32 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 33 services and access to the Photonics Center The full list of FY2015 tenants (see table) equity firm. The company invested in shared labs, which would be extremely includes: BU Ignition Awards winner upgrading the center’s office space in order difficult and costly for a small company to RayVio, Cleantech and MassChallenge to attract the top talent in their field and Outreach & Other Activities provide on their own. In return, BIC compa- Accelerator award winner NBD Nanotech- is staffed with experienced business man- nies enhance the academic environment nologies, and Neurala, which was named as agers and scientists who have contributed by offering internships to students and one of the 50 Most Influential Companies significantly to the broader Photonics increasing sponsored research opportu- in the Global Robotics Industry by Robot­ Center community. They have led and Innovation Center Facilities educational opportunities for graduate the center hit a peak of 15 companies. nities. The center’s objective is to make ics Business Review. Four BIC companies participated in College of Engineering Located on the 6th floor of the Photon- and undergraduate students. The mix of Four companies departed during the resources available to a large number of received significant venture capital or career development activities, supported ics Center building, Boston Universi- companies includes those in life sciences, year, while six are new. The center’s companies, develop relationships that go strategic investment in FY2015 and Mass multiple senior design groups, sponsored ty’s Business Innovation Center (BIC) biotechnology, medical devices, photon- philosophy is to encourage turnover, as beyond the period of tenancy, and establish Medical Devices Journal has capped off a research projects with BU faculty, invested currently hosts 13 technology companies ics, and clean energy. BIC has maintained within two to three years, companies BIC and Boston University as supporters of five-year stay in BIC with their acquisition in a mechanical testing device (Photonics that are in the early stages of business a 100% occupancy rate, with a waiting will either succeed and need to expand entrepreneurship, business development, by Design World. Center) and a histology processing system growth. The goal of BIC is to accelerate list for available space. Despite shrinking or will determine that their business is and job creation, and the BIC as a pipeline (Medical Campus) that are available for innovation by encouraging industry by one-half its size over the past three not viable. As part of the University, BIC for trained scientists and engineers. NBD Nanotechnologies, which has resided general use, and actively hired student collaboration with faculty and providing years, at one point during the past year offers start-up companies a wide array of at BIC for two and a half years, will depart interns, all of whom have been fully Through innovative use of at the beginning of FY2016 involved with the company’s development space and by making minor for much larger facilities efforts and one of whom will become a full- investments, the Photonics to support their growth. In time employee. List of FY2015 Innovation Center Tenants Center created additional BIC has maintained the past year, this company usable space in the smaller a 100% occupancy has grown rapidly and has BIC tenants hired a total of 31 interns in Company Name Origin Technology Market Sector Funding footprint to accommodate rate, with a waiting a long list of achievements FY2015. Most interns were BU undergrad- the growth of BIC compa- list for available that include a $5.2 million uate students, but the group also included 1087 Systems De Novo Start-up Cellular Measurement Health Care Bootstrap nies. Among the changes space. Series A financing, a $750K one high school student and one student of Platform were conference room Small Business Innovative BU’s Bioscience Academy. Aeolus BU HVAC Systems Hi-tech Bootstrap conversions to office space Research award, the Mas- and the addition of a wet lab. sachusetts Clean Energy BIC continues to be a “Silver” sponsor of Affera De Novo Start-up Systems to Treat Heart Health Care Venture Disease The two conference room conversions at the Center InnovateMass Grant, and the nam- the MassChallenge Accelerator, an annual west end of the sixth floor involved removing ing of one of the founders to the Forbes 30 global competition that attracts over 1,200 Agira Johns Hopkins University Polymer Waveguide Energy Bootstrap a conference table and chairs and refitting Under 30 Energy List. companies, including leading corporations the rooms with cubicles and office furniture. such as Fidelity and Verizon. BIC will offer Bioventus License from Pfizer Bone Growth Protein Health Care Corporate and Each of these rooms is now suitable for a All other companies in the Innovation space and shared lab access to the top Private Equity company of up to six people. The new lab Center have been here less than two years, photonics innovators in the competition, FemtoDx Assets acquired from Ninth Point of Care Diagnostic Health Care Angel was carved out of existing office space (Room reflecting the vibrancy of the center. which will allow these leading start-ups to Sense 614), and took advantage of an available Among these are Neurala, which received focus resources on developing product and fume hood. Each of these three new spaces seed funding from Draper Ventures and business growth. In return, BIC has the Lattice Automation BU Biological Design Health Care Grants is a dedicated space used by three separate contracts from the National Aeronautics opportunity to network with and screen ­Solution companies. and Space Administration (NASA) and hundreds of potential tenants for the space Mass Medical Devices De Novo Start-up N/A Medical Device Sales/Advertising the United States Air Force Research Labs at the Photonics Center. Journal Journalism The next significant facility change will (USAFRL) to develop deep learning con- Micro-Leads Inc. Draper Laboratory Micro-Electrodes and Health Care Grants occur in the next fiscal year, and will be trollers that emulate brain functions. Most 2014 NSF Workshop on Non-invasive Implantable Devices a result of a $363,750 capital grant from of the other companies in BIC have also Imaging of Brain Function Nano Surfaces Cornell University Nano Structured Antifouling Angel the Massachusetts Life Sciences Center received awards or grants from NSF and/ At the NSF’s request, Dr. Thomas Bifano ­Surfaces ­Coatings (MLSC). The BU submission in this com- or NIH and are well positioned in many chaired a workshop on Non-invasive NBD Nanotechnologies MIT Nano Scale Coatings Energy Venture petitive grant process proposed converting cases to win Phase II SBIR awards. In some Imaging of Brain Function in Arlington, about 450 square feet of office and utility of these cases, the company has collabo- VA. Dr. Bifano led a distinguished cadre Neurala BU Biological Intelligence Robotics Grants space to a biophotonics laboratory that rated with BU faculty, and the emphasis of invited government, university, and NexGen Arrays BU Photonics Health Care Grants includes a small bio-safety level 2 (BSL-2) going forward is to increase the amount of industry researchers—including White Pegasus De Novo Start-up Cancer Treatment Health Care Corporate facility. Unlike other labs in BIC, this lab faculty collaboration with BIC companies. House Science and Technology Policy RayVio BU UV LEDs Energy/Cleantech Venture will be equipped with shared or dedicated advisors—through emerging opportunities equipment that most start-up companies Perhaps an excellent model for building a and imaging modality recommendations Snapdragon Chemistry, MIT Process Flow Chemistry Pharmaceutical Corporate would not have the resources to replicate university-wide corporate development that do not require the implantation of Inc. on their own. This concept will be new for model would be the relationship estab- devices. Photonics technologies will play SPR Technologies, Inc. De Novo Start-up Microbial Coatings Health Care Grants BIC, and policies and procedures for the lished with Bioventus, a joint venture a key role in advances in non-invasive lab’s use will be developed in parallel with formed by a multi-billion-dollar interna- imaging of brain function, but this is also a the build-out. tional corporation and a leading private computational/signal processing challenge

34 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 35 that must use neuroscience knowledge in CNN’s Involvement in BU’s Upward host Upward Bound “nanocamp” students. scientific and technological innovations order to get interpretable results. Among Bound Math and Science Program of ANDESITE place it at the cutting edge 18th Annual Photonics Center ­Symposium the invited guest speakers were Photonics Center for Nanoscience & Nanobio- Photonics Center Summer Interns of the burgeoning cubesat movement. In Center members Associate Professor Lee technology (CNN) faculty and graduate During the summer of 2014, Photonics 2014–2015, ANDESITE achieved several This year, the 18th Annual Photonics Center Sym- Goldstein and Assistant Professor Xue Han. students continue to be involved in lec- Center Director Thomas Bifano hosted critical milestones, including a Critical posium focused on Advanced Materials by Design for the 21st Century. The symposium drew 170 tures and laboratory activities for the BU two summer interns at the Photonics Design Review in the summer of 2014, a attendees from Boston University, outside academic CNN’s XTNC Collaboration with Upward Bound Math & Science program. Center. Stephanie Pawlyszyn, majoring in victory at the final competition review in institutions, and industry. CityLab Program This federally funded college preparatory Biomedical Engineering, and Sruti Raja, Albuquerque, NM, in February 2015, and The primary community outreach activity program serves potential first-generation majoring in Biology, joined the Photonics selection by NASA for launch in late 2015. This year’s symposium featured presentations by Photonics faculty members and researchers from of the Center for Nanoscience & Nano- college and low-income public high school Center to work on the NSF workshop on leading research institutions: biotechnology (CNN) Cross-disciplinary students recruited from target schools in Non-invasive Imaging of Brain Function Technology Innovation Scholars Training in Nanotechnology for Cancer Boston. Students enter the program in 9th chaired by Bifano in Arlington, VA, on July Program­ Our speakers included: (XTNC) program is through a collabora- or 10th grade and remain until graduation 23 and 24. The interns helped coordinate College of Engineering Associate Dean Dr. Dmitry Bedrov, University of Utah Dr. Martin Berzins, University of Utah tion with CityLab, a bioscience-learning from high school. Services include: an aca- the conference, interfacing with speakers Gretchen Fougere and undergraduate Dr. Luca Dal Negro, Boston University laboratory representing a partnership demically intensive six-week summer resi- regarding their poster presentations and engineers in her Technology Innovation Dr. Matthew Glaser, University of Colorado­ between the Boston University Schools dential program, after-school tutoring, and providing note-taking support. Scholars Program (TISP) piloted the Inter- Dr. William Mattson, Army Research Laboratory Dr. Habib Najm, Sandia National Laboratory­ of Medicine and Education. This past additional academic courses during the ferometric Reflectance Imaging Sensor Dr. Thomas Reinecke, Naval Research Laboratory year, XTNC graduate student and postdoc school year. Since 2008, CNN has hosted a Student Satellite Project (IRIS) outreach module—based on Pho- Dr. Sahar Sharifzadeh, Boston University trainees developed six evening programs nanotechnology track called “Nanocamp” Started in 2007 under grants from the US tonics Professor Selim Ünlü’s research on for CityLab’s urban high school students. for the Upward Bound summer program. Air Force and the Massachusetts Space nanophotonics in conjunction with former The symposium included lunch speaker Professor Theodore Moustakas on the topic of Traditional Trainees met regularly throughout the Last summer (2014), CNN faculty member Grant Consortium (MASGC), the BU graduate student Dr. Alexander Redding- Compounds and Nitride Semiconductors. At the year to develop their nanomedicine Sean Andersson introduced Upward Small Satellite program (BUSAT) has ton—with three freshman physics classes conclusion of this year’s conference, a reception curricula. They gave lectures and led Bound students to fluorescence micros- steadily increased in internal popularity at BU Academy in May 2015. Having just was held where participants and speakers dis- participants through hands-on laboratory copy and had them build atomic force and national recognition ever since. Led by completed a unit on light and optics, the cussed their research in an informal setting. experiments designed to illustrate prop- microscopy simulators from LEGOs, and Photonics Professor Joshua Semeter, the students quickly grasped the working erties of nanoparticles. Throughout the Professor Anna Swan engaged students BUSAT’s current focus is a specific mission year, trainees engaged 24 student partici- in nanophotonics experiments. A third ses- known as ANDESITE. Sponsored by the pants from CityLab’s Scholars Program in sion was led by graduate student trainees Air Force University Nanosat program, Photonics Center Guest Speakers Over the year, the Boston University Photonics Center hosted several seminars given by photonics discussions about general principles and from CNN’s Cross-disciplinary Training this ambitious mission seeks to deploy a experts. The following list includes the 2014–2015 seminars. applications of nanotechnology, especially in Nanotechnology for Cancer (XTNC) network of magnetic sensors from a central nanomedicine, and shared their experi- program; XTNC trainees guided Upward mothership. The ejected sensors will oper- Date Speaker Title ences as graduate students and postdocs in Bound students through microfluidics ate collectively as a space-based wireless September 18, 2014 Dr. Hui Cao, Yale University Disordered Photonics nanotechnology cancer research, leading experiments and nanoparticle synthesis. mesh network aimed at studying fine-scale to trainee/student discussions about sci- This summer, Professors Allison Dennis variations in Earth’s geomagnetic environ- October 1, 2014 Dr. Brian Cunningham, University of Illinois Four Orders of Magnitude: Nanophotonics Biosen- ence and careers in science. and Ahmad Khalil and XTNC trainees will ment caused by space weather events. The Champaign-Urbana sors for Detection of Molecules to Tissues

October 9, 2014 Dr. Sunil Bhave, Cornell University Monolithic MEMS and Photonics Systems

Forum Schedule (see p. 38) December 5, 2014 Dr. Stefan Maier, Imperial College Nanoplasmonics: Fundamentals, Materials Consid- erations, and Applications Date Speaker Presentation December 16, 2015 Dr. Aydogan Ozcan, UCLA Democratization of Next-Generation Imaging, Diag- September 24, 2014 Mr. Bernardo Cordovez, Optofluidics Chemical Analysis of Submicron Particles Using nostics and Measurement Tools through Computa- Near-field Photonics tional Photonics October 29, 2014 Mr. Sean Burns, Airgas, & Mr. Paul Mak, Airgas Training & Optoelectronic Processing January 16, 2015 Dr. Bahram Javidi, University of Connecticut Three Dimensional Imaging, Visualization, and Boston­ University Facility Training Display November 18, 2014 Mr. William Closs, Instruments NE—Ocean Ocean Optics Products for Photonics Optics March 2, 2015 Dr. Yurii Vlasov, IBM Research Applications of Integrated Photonics Technology— From Optical Interconnects to Neurophotonics January 29, 2015 Professor John Connor, Boston University Novel Imaging Techniques for the Rapid Capture and Visualization of Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses March 3, 2015 Dr. Frank Vollmer, Brigham and Women’s Advances in Biodetection with Optical and Mechani- Hospital/Harvard University cal Microresonators February 25, 2015 Mr. William Kallinich, Boston University Annual Laboratory Safety Training March 4, 2015 Dr. Demetri Christodoulides, University of Parity Time Symmetry and Supersymmetry in Optics April 29, 2015 Professor Soumendra Basu, Boston University Novel Electron Microscopy in Materials Science Central Florida Research

36 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 37 continued Outreach & Other Activities in FY2015. Within the sample preparation Microscope Facility (FTF), also located run back up to the top of the structure. The principles of the IRIS instruments and room are a lapping machine, a grinder, a in the basement, houses an FEI Focused high-powered optical Nikon microscope connected them to the societal need for disc cutter, and hand-polishing set-ups. Ion Beam and Transmission Electron allows users to capture still or video images a reliable and inexpensive point-of-care Facilities & Equipment The room can be used for all sample prepa- Microscope. from the sample or wafer. viral diagnostic device. Using the IRIS ration including for SEM and laboratory instruments, students were able to identify usage, but its main users are the Materials Optoelectronic Processing Facility Dry etching processes available in the OPF the recessed or raised quality of nanoscale Science TEM users. (OPF) cleanroom include plasma etching, reac- features embedded on silicon chips, an selectable triangular or sinusoidal wave- OPF is a multi-user 2,500-sq.-ft. facility tive ion etching, and a deep reactive ion identification process that models the NEW EQUIPMENT forms, oscillating circle pattern or rotating PHO 805—Professor Enrico Bellotti located on the 8th floor of the Photon- etch. In addition to dry etching, both acid application of the device to the diagnosis of line, and backside substrate heating from Professor Bellotti identified the need for ics Center that contains equipment for and separate solvent hoods are available to pathogens. The activity is designed to show The Equipment Committee, led this year ambient to 600 degrees Celsius. laser space and a segregated ITAR loca- semiconductor and optoelectronic water complete wet chemical etching or cleaning how engineers address societal problems, by Professor Helen Fawcett with assistance tion and as a result, a small lab space was fabrication. The facility includes both a and lift-off. The HF vapor etch system has such as global health, by applying scientific from Professor Roberto Paiella, represents The instrument was delivered to Boston designed to provide laser space and a sepa- Class 100 and 1000 cleanroom and equip- addressed safety issues for students and concepts taught in the classroom. Several Photonics Center members in the iden- University at the end of July and installed rate ITAR laser space on the 8th floor. This ment facilitating photolithography, wet faculty so that they do not have to handle of the TISP members who delivered the tification and ranking of new equipment in August. Due to space limitations and space was completed in the spring of 2015. chemical processing, thin film depositions, liquid HF, but rather can use the vapor activity are also enrolled in the STEM purchases. New equipment purchased this common functionality, the Sharon vacuum plasma etching and cleaning metallization, system to release oxide films. This system Engineer Educator Program (STEEP), in year was a new dual-purpose PVD tool for system will be removed from the clean- PHO 614B—Innovation Center thermal oxidation, thermal annealing, wire accommodates small pieces of wafers as which they will take an additional year of evaporation and sputtering, an Angstrom room in OPF to accommodate the new A laboratory space for wet chemistry work bonding, and electrical characterization. well as four- and six-inch full wafers. education classes and graduate with both Engineering Evaporator (EVOVAC). Angstrom deposition system. The Sharon was designed in the Innovation Center on a BS in engineering and an MA in either system will become part of Professor David the 6th floor, which enables a company to The Class 100 cleanroom has capabilities A majority of the research laboratories at math or science education. STEEP is a dual The committee uses the following crite- Bishop’s DARPA A2P award that will be set use the chemical fume hood and complete for photolithography, mask fabrication, Boston University use thin film deposition degree program formed in October 2012. rion in making the decision to support a up in Photonics 603. wet chemistry work. and nanoscale replication. Two types of systems. Thermal oxide furnaces, evap- new equipment purchase: photoresist spinners are available for orators, and sputtering systems all give Events and Programs • The instrument will be widely usable as a PHO 505—Professor Siddharth use by all self-users in OPF. The standard students the ability to learn about different The Photonics Center offers an exciting shared resource in the Photonics Center BUILDING PROJECTS Ramachandran­ Headway Research spinner is designed to coating processing methodologies and how array of events and programs throughout to enhance the research and develop- Renovations to Professor Ramachandran’s accommodate small chip level 5mmx5mm to measure the films deposited after pro- the year to engage the community and offer ment programs. PHO 628—Multiscale Laser laboratory were completed this year. With to six-inch wafers, while the Suss Micro- cessing. Increased research in coatings led enriching opportunities to BU and other • The instrument will provide critical Lithography­ Lab–ML3 expanding laser needs, different portions of tech Delta 80 is used to spin chrome on to the installation of a high-temperature Boston-area universities, as well as local leverage for attracting additional Construction of the Multiscale Laser the laboratory were reconfigured. This work glass masters that can be written using the annealing furnace in the cleanroom that companies. These events foster interdisci- support to the center for research Lithography Laboratory for Professor included: separating laser tables, moving Heidelberg Direct Write Laser System as covers both low- and high-temperature plinary discussion and encourage faculty and development. Alice White was completed in FY2015. related facilities (electrical, plumbing, well as larger wafers. The laboratory con- annealing. and students to collaborate with a variety of • The instrument will enhance the careers Professor White’s group conducts research HVAC), and adding laser curtains. veniently provides ovens and a hood for professionals on fundamental research. and photonics-related research of junior in three-dimensional lithographic struc- bakes to facilitate development. Chip and Wire bonding, wedge bonding, and testing faculty members of the Photonics Center. tures. In the fall of 2014, a Nanoscribe wafer exposure is achieved through two can also be done inside the cleanroom in Photonics Cafes and Forums • The instrument will attract additional instrument was installed in the laboratory SHARED LABORATORY FACILITIES UV exposure tools; the MJB3 (for three- OPF. The Current Voltage/Capacitance The Photonics Center hosts two monthly support for research and development. on the 6th floor and the White group—and inch masks or smaller) and the MA6 (up to Voltage characterization test set-up is used events: The Photonics Cafe and the Pho- • The instrument is near full usage and other researchers exploring three-dimen- The four shared labs at the Photonics six-inch square masks). A high-powered to evaluate devices post-wire bonding and tonics Forum. The Cafes bring together more users are coming online. sional lithography—have used this tool. Center contain a variety of instruments optical Nikon microscope provides higher pre-integration into test set-ups on the faculty, students, staff, and Innovation and capabilities designed to serve the resolution imaging for surface inspection. lab bench. Dicing and scribing capabilities Center company employees in an informal This year’s Capital Equipment Committee PHO 629—Atomic Membrane Lab needs of the Photonics community. The The Nanonex NBX200, purchased by last are available outside of the cleanroom setting for conversation and collaboration. recommended the purchase of an Ang- A new laboratory for Professor Scott Optoelectronic Processing Facility (OPF) year’s Capital Equipment Committee, has facilities. The Cafes are hosted on the second Friday strom Engineering EvoVac deposition Bunch, a member of the Materials Science includes a Class 100 photolithography supported many researchers over the last of each month from September through system, a Windows based SCADA - PLC Division and Mechanical Engineering cleanroom and a Class 1000 cleanroom year. It allows thermal and UV replication Integrated Optics Laboratory (IOL) April in the West End Lounge. control interface software with auto Department, was completed in FY2015. with processing and test equipment for die processes for nanoscale structures and can The IOL houses a Class 100 cleanroom sequence and manual mode system oper- The laboratory includes various tube fur- and wafer level processing. The Integrated handle up to a three-inch wafer. and a standard laboratory space within its The Photonics Forums, held on the fourth ation. It includes three in MAG II sputter naces for materials growth and chemical Optics Laboratory (IOL) includes a flip 900 sq. ft. It is a multi-user facility on the Wednesday of each month throughout the sources and one multi-pocket (6x7cc) fume hoods and an atomic force micro- chip bonding system in the Class 100 Cleaning, etching, or characterization tools 5th floor of the center and is stocked with fall of 2014 and the spring of 2015, offered e-beam source. The system also includes scope. The lab focuses on nanomechanical cleanroom and a standard laboratory space are found in the Class 1000 cleanroom. state-of-the-art equipment for bonding the community opportunities to partic- a variable angle deposition stage that can properties of a new class of 2D atomically next door for spectroscopy measurements. With a KLA Tencor surface profilome- and spectroscopic analysis of components. ipate in technical discussions in an open provide tilt capability for various thin thin materials such as graphene (single The Precision Measurement Laboratory ter, students learn how to measure the forum over lunch. Speakers discussed their film growth patterns. The sputter sources atomic layers of graphite). (PML) consists of two laboratory spaces step height of features that they make on The Class 100 cleanroom employs a Suss current research endeavors and the real- are mounted on z-linear manipulators so with scanning electronic and atomic force wafers. This contact profilometer requires Microtech FC-150 flip chip bonder that world applications of their research. that source to substrate distance can be PHO B10—Sample Preparation Room microscopy among other analytical surface students to either create measurement is used to seal and create eutectic bonds adjusted during the deposition process. In order to complement the TEM in the characterization tools. The newest shared fiducials on their structure or work with either through thermocompression or The e-beam source package includes a pro- basement of Photonics, a sample prepara- laboratory at the Photonics Center, the large features into which the stylus can soldering processes. This is a precise grammable two-axis sweep controller with tion room was constructed and completed Focused Ion Beam/Transmission Electron drop down, reach base surface, and then system that uses fiducials to aid in place-

38 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER ANNUAL REPORT 2015 | 39 ment accuracy. Several researchers in The second laboratory space includes: Focused Ion Beam) system in one room device packaging (LEDs) use this piece of a Veeco (formerly Digital Instruments) and an FEI Tecnai Osiris 200kV S/TEM in equipment and outside collaborators also Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) a Pico- a second room. use the system for alignment and bonding Force AFM System, a Zeiss Supra 40VP of devices. Field Emission Scanning Electron Micro- The FEI Quanta 3D FEG FIB is a power- scope (FESEM), a Zygo NewView 6300 and ful tool with a resolution of 1.2 nm in the The IOL standard laboratory space a Zeiss Supra 55VP FESEM. The Pico-Force HiVac mode, 2.9 nm in LoVac mode, 7 nm includes a soft lithography area and AFM System enables accurate force mea- with the FIB column. The tool has a wide spectroscopic tools. The soft lithography surements and manipulation of biological variety of detectors including: Everhart station uses PDMS to make replicas from or material samples at the pico-Newton Thornley detector (EDT), continuous masters created through photolithogra- level, including inter- and intramolecular dynode multiplier (CDEM), ion induced phy or e-beam writing. The Varian Cary forces, for applications ranging from drug secondary electron (SE) imaging, back- 5000 UV-VIS-NR spectrometer covers discovery to basic molecular-scale research. scattered electron detector (BSED), low wavelength ranges from 175 to 3300 nm. The Zeiss Supra 40VP FESEM allows vacuum secondary electron detector In addition to measuring reflectance and polymers and plastics to be viewed without (LVSED), gaseous analytical solid-state transmission at a particular wavelength, it conductive coatings, thus a non-destructive backscattered electron detector (ESEM can also measure absorption. The Bruker way to view a sample. The ZYGO NewView GAD), high contrast detector (vCD), FTIR was upgraded last year as part of 6300, an interferometric microscope with annular STEM detector (bright field (BF), the Capital Equipment Committee. The dynamic MEM’s capability, has a heating dark field (DF), and high-angle annu- upgraded system continues to be a heavily and cooling stage that allows testing under lar dark field (HAADF) modes), Oxford used device for spectroscopy applications. controlled temperature and the viewing and Instruments Energy Dispersive Spectrom- measurement in-situ. Surface roughness, etry (EDS). The system also includes gas Precision Measurement Laboratory morphology, and displacement can all be injector modules (GIS) and an Omniprobe (PML) measured using this instrument. The Zeiss micromanipulator can be used for TEM PML comprises two laboratories located Supra 55VP FESEM, in addition to imaging sample preparation and lift-out. For in the basement of the Photonics Center. using secondary electron detectors, is also research applications and to study in situ The PML allows the measurement of capable of imaging thin TEM samples using dynamic behavior of materials at different features and surface morphology. In one of a STEM detector, providing atomic contrast humidity (up to 100% RH) and tempera- the lab spaces, a JEOL SEM with imaging, information using a backscattered electron tures (-10 °C to 1000 °C), an additional Cathodoluminescence (CL), and Energy detector and chemical composition using Peltier/Heating Stage Control Kit was Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) are avail- EDS (Energy Dispersive Spectrometer). included in the purchase. able for use. The EDS allows validation of It is also equipped with an EBSD (Elec- elemental composition and surface contam- tron Backscatter Diffraction) detector, The FEI Tecnai Osiris TEM system inants in selected locations over the surface which gives information on the crystalline specifications state a TEM point resolu- of the sample. The Cathodoluminescence structure and grain boundary orientations tion of 0.25 nm, line 0.102 nm, extended (CL) monochromator allows the detection on polished materials. A hot and cold stage to 0.16 nm with TrueImage™ software, of energy released in the visible spectrum is also available for in-situ work in the SEM and STEM HAADF 0.18 nm. The system from electrons in an atom returning to their chamber. Both the Supra 40VP and 55VP includes Super-X EDX detection system, original energy level after being excited by have e-beam blankers to allow for e-beam SDD technology, windowless, shutter-­ the bombardment of electrons from the writing of nanoscale structures. protected, X-FEG Electron Source and also e-beam in the SEM. From the spectrum, includes EFTEM with EELS and a Gatan elements within the sample can also be The Focused Ion Beam/Transmission CCD. The first self-users were trained in determined and emission spectrum can Electron Microscope Facility (FTF) the late winter/early spring. Capabilities be evaluated. CL spectra provide informa- The FIB/TEM Facility comprises two to align images from the EELS, EDS, and tion about wavelength of the emitted light separate rooms with capabilities to mea- imaging portions of the TEM were assisted at areas of interests (dislocations, grain sure material composition, image surface by the Bright Field/Dark Field detector on boundaries, lattice imperfections). CL maps morphology, and micro/nano machined the TEM. provide information about spatial distribu- materials. This laboratory houses an FEI tion of light and defects in the specimen. Quanta 3D FEG FIB (Field Emission Gun

40 | BOSTON UNIVERSITY PHOTONICS CENTER

8 Saint Mary’s Street, Suite 936 Boston, Massachusetts 02215 www.bu.edu/photonics