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Vinterkonferansen 2013 Vinterkonferansen 2013 Oslo, January 8 -10, 2013 Oslo, January 8 -10, 2013 Radisson Blu Hotel Scandinavia Radisson Blu Hotel Scandinavia Abstracts and Proceedings of the NGF NGF Geological Society of Norway Abstracts and Proceedings of the Number 1, 2013 Geological Society of Norway NGF Number 1, 2013 Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society Norway - Number 1, 2013 Vinterkonferansen 2013 Vinterkonferansen 2013 Oslo, January 8 -10, 2013 Oslo, January 8 -10, 2013 Radisson Blu hotel Scandinavia Radisson Blu hotel Scandinavia Edited by: Hans Arne Nakrem and Gunn Haukdal www.geologi.no © Norsk Geologisk Forening (NGF), 2013 ISBN: 978-82-92-39478-6 NGF Abstracts and Proceedings NGF Abstracts and Proceedings was first published in 2001. The objective of this series is to generate a common publishing channel of all scientific meetings held in Norway with a geological content. Editors: Hans Arne Nakrem, UiO/NHM and Gunn Kristin Haukdal, NGF Front page photo/illustration: Jack R. Johanson Modified: Reklamebanken.com Printing: Skipnes Kommunikasjon, Trondheim 2 1 4 1 3 7 P R R IN TE TED MAT Orders to: Norsk Geologisk Forening c/o Norges geologiske undersøkelse N-7491 Trondheim Norway E-mail: [email protected] Published by: Norsk Geologisk Forening c/o Norges geologiske undersøkelse N-7491 Trondheim, Norway E-mail: [email protected] www.geologi.no NGF Abstracts and Proceedings of the Geological Society of Norway Number 1, 2013 Vinterkonferansen 2013 Oslo, January 8-10, 2013 Editors: Hans Arne Nakrem, UiO/NHM Gunn Kristin Haukdal, NGF Conference committee: Andreas Olaus Harstad, RWE Dea (chairman) Susanne Buiter, NGU Ane Engvik, NGU Audun Kjemperud, Idemitsu Petroleum Turid A. Knudsen, NPD Hans Arne Nakrem, UiO Naturhistorisk Museum Signe Ottesen, Statoil Atle Rotevatn, UiB Rune Selbekk, UiO Naturhistorisk Museum Henrik Svensen, UiO - PGP Erik Wulff-Pedersen, RWE Dea Sponsors and supporters: NGF gratefully acknowledges support from the following: Conference sponsors: Conference exhibitors: TGS DATA DELIVERS THE WORLD 16 17 M Q ul ua ti- lity cli ent Data US $1,000,000,000 invested in multi-client data over the past 3 years Australia, Angola, The Bahamas, Benin, Brazil, Cameroon, Canada, Congo, Cote D’Ivoire, Cyprus, Denmark, Egypt, Faroe Islands, Gambia, Gabon, Germany, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Greece, Greenland, Iceland, Indonesia, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malta, Namibia, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Portugal, Russia, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Tunisia, Togo, United Kingdom, United States and Vietnam Learn more at WWW.TGS.COM www.ngu.no Hvor viktig er ressursene? NGU lager kart som viser verdien av mineralforekomstene Nye data for naturstein, industimineraler og malm kommer NGF Abstracts and Proceedings, no. 1, 2013 1 Seismic volcanostragraphy of the Applicaon of a Heavy Mineral North Atlanc Igneous Province: New Method in Exploraon mapping of volcanic facies units Ahola, H. & Ojala, V.J. Abdelmalak, M.M. 1*, Planke, S. 2, 3, Myklebust, R. 4, Store Norske Gull AS, Ounasvaarantie 1, 96400 Horni, J. 5 & Faleide, J.I.1 Rovaniemi [email protected] 1 Department of geosciences, University of Oslo, Po Box 1047 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway Heavy mineral method is used to study the *corresponding author: amount and type of heavy minerals in the sample [email protected] material. The results are easy to interpret when 2 Volcanic Basin Petroleum Research (VBPR) Oslo the transport history of the sample material is Research Park, 0349 Oslo, Norway known. In glaciated areas, the optimal sample 3 Physics of Geological Processes (PGP), material is the basal till. Most important heavy University of Oslo, Box 1048 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, minerals are gold, platinum group minerals Norway (PGM’s), sulphides and accessory minerals such 4 TGS, Lensmannslia 4, 1386 Asker, Norway as scheelite and rutile. Other important indicator 5 Jarðfeingi, Brekkutú n 1, Postsmoga 3059, FO minerals for diamonds (kimberlites) are for 110 Tórshavn, Faroes example chromite, chromium diopside, picroilmenite and garnet (G10). The early continental breakup and initial sealoor In the method used by Store Norske Gull AS spreading in the northeast Atlantic area was (SNG), sample is typically taken from 70 to 100 accompanied by widespread intrusive and cm depth and sieved (10 mm) in the ield to extrusive volcanism. The increasing numbers of remove the larger stones. Sample size is ive litres good quality of seismic relection proiles allow (10‐12 Kg) for the heavy mineral and 0.5 l for the us to distinguish and map distinct morphologies subsample taken for geochemical analysis. Notes and seismic properties of the lood basalts. In the about position, depth, overburden and other previous works, several distinct volcanic seismic possible observations are taken for every sample facies units have been identiied: (1) Landward point. Sample density used in a regional style Flows, (2) Lava Delta, (3) Inner Flows, (4) Inner survey is 1‐4/ Km². A sampling team of two Seaward Dipping Relectors (Inner SDR), (5) persons can collect about four samples per day Outer High, (6) Outer SDR. Such facies succession with a shovel and iron bar, if moving from sample represents a typical volcanic rifted margin and point to another is done by foot. With an ATV or a deines the extent of the breakup extrusive car, up to 15 samples per day is possible. complex landward of the irst magnetic sealoor The pre‐concentration of the sample is done with spreading anomaly. Seismic volcanostratigraphy a Knelson Concentrator, which uses centrifugal provides important constrain on the pre‐volcanic force and water pressure for the process. After basin coniguration, margin subsidence history, the Knelson concentration the sample size is 0.6 and the volume of igneous rocks. These dl. The pre‐concentration starts by wet sieving constraints lead to a better understanding of the the sample material through a 2 mm sieve with a melt supply from the upper mantle and the pressure washer, which removes even the relationship between tectonic setting and smallest fragments from the stones. After wet volcanism. We present an updated map of the sieving, the sample slurry is fed to the device, volcanic seismic facies units in the northeast which is able to concentrate > 90 % of the gold Atlantic area based on high‐quality geophysical grains > 0.01 mm. The human eye can see > 0.1 data combined with the newest published and mm grains, but only 7 % of all the studied grains unpublished data. The map gives key boundary in SNG dataset were in that size fraction. Most of conditions for understanding the processes the gold grains are 0.02‐0.05 mm in their longest forming volcanic margins and constraints on the axis. thermal evolution of associated prospective As a inal concentration method, SNG uses micro volcanic basins. panning, which is normal gold panning with a smaller pan. Other methods for the inal concentration in heavy mineral studies are spiral concentrator, shaking table, heavy luids and hydroseparator. Before the micro panning, the 0.6 dl sample is sieved under water to prevent the lotation of any gold grains. Furthermore, 2 NGF Abstracts and Proceedings, no. 1, 2013 some soap is added to the panning water to Environmental monitoring: Can reduce the surface tension. By panning the sample is reduced to about half a tee spoon in microfossils make a difference? volume. To be able to ind the gold grains in the remaining heavy mineral mass, the gold grains Alve, E.1*, Bouchet, V.M.P.2, Dolven, J.K.3, Hess, S.1, have to be concentrated on a speciic place on the Magnusson, J.4, Oug, E.4, Rygg, B.4 & Telford, R.J.5 pan. Otherwise, it would be very hard to ind the gold out of the ‘million’ grains still left. Sample is 1 Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, then examined under a stereomicroscope to Norway; * email: [email protected] count the amount, size and shape of the gold 2 Laboratory of Oceanology and Geosciences, grains. In addition, the other indicator heavy University of Lille, France minerals are noted. 3 Gea Norvegica Geopark, Norway The heavy mineral and the geochemical results 4 Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), for the till samples in the Karasjok Greenstone Norway Belt area show that the heavy mineral method is 5 Department of Biology, University of Bergen, more sensitive for gold than the conventional Norway geochemical analysis. Only 6 % of the 1074 samples had no gold grains while 57 % of gold According to the EU's Water Framework assays of the subsamples were at or below Directive (WFD) member states and associated detection limit (1 ppb). The main advantages of countries (like Norway) have to take action to the micro panning compared to other inal improve the ecological quality of water bodies of concentration methods are simplicity and much degraded quality status due to human inluence. better recovery for the gold grains in the ine The assessment of the quality status should be fraction. The reason for the good recovery is performed by comparison with ‘reference probably the heavy mineral matrix that shields conditions’ which ‘is a description of the the gold grains during panning and also acts like a biological quality elements that exist, or would heavy liquid, but has a viscosity close to water. On exist, at high status’. The problem is that, for most the other hand, reliable and repeatable micro areas, traditional biological and instrumental panning depends on the operator and needs a lot monitoring data do not exist from pre‐impact of experience. times so there are no data with which to compare The occurrence of the gold and the style of the the present‐day situation. mineralization can be estimated with the heavy A diversity‐based classiication system for soft‐ mineral and geochemical data. For example, bottom macrofauna serves as a standard for pristine shaped gold grains suggest a source that describing the present‐day ecological quality is nearby.
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