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Research Focuses on the Gen- Maureen R This Month Surveying resident physician exposure to COVID-19 2 Alternative mechanisms underlying acute graft- versus-host disease 4 Targeting melanocortin signaling alleviates cachexia 5 Intrathecal gene therapy improves neuromuscular deterioration in canine model 6 September 2020 JCI This Month is a summary of the most recent articles in The Journal of Clinical Investigation and JCI Insight jci.org/this-month Placental infection by SARS–CoV-2 p. 2 Scan for the digital version of JCI This Month. Journal of Clinical Investigation Consulting Editors Soman N. Abraham Richard T. D'Aquila Katherine A. High Terri Laufer David J. Pinsky M. Celeste Simon John S. Adams Alan Daugherty Helen H. Hobbs Mitchell A. Lazar Edward Plow Mihaela Skobe Qais Al-Awqati Sudhansu Dey Ronald Hoffman Brendan Lee Catherine Postic Donald Small Kari Alitalo Anna Mae Diehl V. Michael Holers William M.F. Lee Alice S. Prince Lois Smith Dario C. Altieri Harry C. Dietz III Steven Holland Rudolph L. Leibel Louis J. Ptáček Akrit Sodhi Masayuki Amagai Gianpietro Dotti David Holtzman Wayne I. Lencer Luigi Puglielli Weihong Song Brian H. Annex Michael Dustin Michael J. Holtzman Jon D. Levine Pere Puigserver Ashley L. St. John M. Amin Arnaout Connie J. Eaves Lawrence B. Holzman Ross L. Levine Bali Pulendran Jonathan Stamler Alan Attie Dominique Eladari Tamas L. Horvath Klaus Ley Ellen Puré Colin L. Stewart Jane E. Aubin Joel K. Elmquist Gokhan S. Hotamisligil Rodger A. Liddle Susan E. Quaggin Doris Stoffers Michael F. Beers Stephen G. Emerson Steven R. Houser Richard Locksley Marlene Rabinovitch Warren Strober Vann Bennett Jonathan A. Epstein Ralph H. Hruban Fanxin Long Daniel J. Rader Maureen A. Su Gregory K. Bergey Adrian Erlebacher Christopher A. Hunter Gary Lopaschuk Shahin Rafii D. James Surmeier Nina Bhardwaj Joel D. Ernst David James Nigel Mackman Gwendalyn J. Randolph Katalin Susztak Morris J. Birnbaum James M. Ervasti Richard J. Jones Richard B. Mailman Jeffrey C. Rathmell Catharina Svanborg Joyce Bischoff Robert V. Farese Jr. William G. Kaelin Jr. Rama K. Mallampalli W. Kimryn Rathmell Ira Tabas Craig Blackstone Eric R. Fearon Klaus Kaestner Kieren A. Marr Barbara Rehermann Alan R. Tall Bruce R. Blazar Anthony W. Ferrante Jr. Mark L. Kahn Jack Martin Muredach P. Reilly Sakae Tanaka Gerard C. Blobe Edward A. Fisher Raghu Kalluri Steven O. Marx Jochen Reiser Victor J. Thannickal William A. Boisvert Richard A. Flavell S. Ananth Karumanchi Rodger P. McEver Ryan Riddle Andrei Thomas-Tikhonenko Nancy Bonini Alessia Fornoni David A. Kass Elizabeth McNally Sarah A. Robertson Georgia D. Tomaras Brendan Boyce Tatiana Foroud Robert S. Kass Cornelis J. Melief Howard A. Rockman Peter Tontonoz Jonathan Bromberg Martin Friedlander Masato Kasuga Shlomo Melmed Paul B. Rosenberg Laurence A. Turka Frank C. Brosius Stephen J. Galli Daniel P. Kelly George Michalopoulos Theodora S. Ross Marcel R.M. van den Brink Hal E. Broxmeyer J. Victor Garcia-Martinez Dontscho Kerjaschki Jeffrey H. Miner Marc E. Rothenberg Luc Van Kaer Michael J. Caplan Alfred L. George Jr. Sundeep Khosla Peter J. Mohler Anil Rustgi David M. Virshup Diego H. Castrillon Sharon Gerecht Richard N. Kitsis Jeffery D. Molkentin Scheherazade Sadegh-Nasseri Matthias von Herrath Harold Chapman Stanton L. Gerson Peter S. Klein David D. Moore Junichi Sadoshima Yisong Y. Wan Ajay Chawla Robert E. Gerszten Steven Kliewer Edward E. Morrisey Akira Sawa Bart O. Williams Benjamin K. Chen Todd Golde Björn C. Knollmann James H. Morrissey Jose-Alain Sahel Allan W. Wolkoff Benny J. Chen Sherita Golden Walter J. Koch Deborah M. Muoio Jean E. Schaffer Joseph C. Wu Ju Chen Stanley Goldfarb Jay K. Kolls Anthony J. Muslin Philipp E. Scherer Thomas A. Wynn Jun Chen Larry B. Goldstein Issei Komuro Martin G. Myers Jr. Michael D. Schneider Ramnik J. Xavier Marie-Françoise Chesselet Fred Sanford Gorelick Christopher D. Kontos Benjamin G. Neel Detlef Schuppan Mingzhao Xing Vivian G. Cheung Kathleen J. Green Murray Korc Paul W. Noble Amita Sehgal Yiping Yang Raymond Chung Steven K. Grinspoon Gary Koretzky Eric N. Olson Clay Semenkovich Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian Jeanne M. Clark David Hafler Stavroula Kousteni Harry T. Orr Jonathan S. Serody Mone Zaidi Sheila Collins Jonathan J. Hansen John W. Krakauer Leo E. Otterbein John Seykora Len Zon Ronald G. Collman Raymond Clement Harris Rohit N. Kulkarni Roberto Pacifici Theresa A. Shapiro Weiping Zou Marco Colonna Stanley L. Hazen Shelby Kutty Akhilesh Pandey Mari Shinohara R. Suzanne Zukin Shaun R. Coughlin Peter Heeringa Chulan Kwon William C. Parks Steven E. Shoelson Tyler J. Curiel Meenhard Herlyn Antonio La Cava Warren S. Pear Gerald I. Shulman David D'Alessio Joachim Herz Fadi G. Lakkis Sallie R. Permar Roy L. Silverstein Featured Editor This Month The JCI’s Editorial Board is composed of peer scientists at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and the National Institutes of Health. Editorial Board members September 2020 review and oversee peer review of each manuscript that is submitted to the JCI, and the Board meets weekly to discuss manuscripts undergoing review. For the JCI Marcela V. Maus, MD, PhD, Associate Edi- Editor tor, is Director of Cellular Immunotherapy at Rexford S. Ahima the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Deputy Editors Cancer Center; a member of the Center for Can- Arturo Casadevall, Gregg L. Semenza, Gordon F. Tomaselli cer Immunology and the Department of Medi- cine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, and Associate Editors Mark E. Anderson, Mary Y. Armanios, Attending Physician in the Hematopoietic Stem Nilofer S. Azad, Joel N. Blankson, William R. Bishai, Cell Transplant and Cellular Therapy Service at Robert A. Brodsky, Peter A. Calabresi, MGH; Assistant Professor at Harvard Medical Thomas L. Clemens, Franco R. D’Alessio, Ted M. Dawson, Angelo M. DeMarzo, School; Associate Member of the Broad Institute Stephen Desiderio, Mark Donowitz, of Harvard and MIT; and Associate Member of Andrew P. Feinberg, Paul M. Hassoun, the Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard. Her research focuses on the gen- Maureen R. Horton, Elizabeth M. Jaffee, Mariana J. Kaplan, Marikki Laiho, Charles J. Lowenstein, eration, mechanisms, and use of innovative forms of T cell engineering, including Leo Luznik, Marcela V. Maus, Timothy H. Moran, with chimeric antigen receptors, and bringing these cell therapies to the clinical Laszlo Nagy, William Nelson, Brian O’Rourke, setting. Dr. Maus is a member of the American Society for Clinical Investigation. Ben Ho Park,Jonathan D. Powell, Thomas C. Quinn, Hamid Rabb, Jean-Pierre Raufman, Stuart C. Ray, Publication highlights Linda Smith Resar, Jeffrey D. Rothstein, Jonathan Schneck, Akrit S. Sodhi, Charlotte J. Sumner, Frigault MJ, Maus MV. State of the art in CAR T cell therapy for CD19+ B cell Simeon I. Taylor, Robert G. Weiss, Sarah J. Wheelan, malignancies. J Clin Invest. 2020;130(4):1586–1594. Marsha Wills-Karp Boroughs AC, Larson RC, Choi BD, Bouffard AA, Riley LS, Schiferle E, Kulkarni AS, Editorial Advisory Group Cetrulo CL, Ting D, Blazar BR, Demehri S, Maus MV. Chimeric antigen receptor costimula- Peter Agre, Carol W. Grieder, Diane E. Griffin, Paul B. Rothman, David Valle tion domains modulate human regulatory T cell function. JCI Insight. 2019;5(8):e126194. Biostatistician Choi BD, Yu X, Castano AP, Bouffard AA, Schmidts A, Larson RC, Bailey SR, Boroughs AC, Eliseo Guallar Frigault MJ, Leick MB, Scarfò I, Cetrulo CL, Demehri S, Nahed BV, Cahill DP, Computational Biologist Wakimoto H, Curry WT, Carter BS, Maus MV. CAR-T cells secreting BiTEs circumvent Patrick Cahan antigen escape without detectable toxicity. Nat Biotechnol. 2019;37(9):1049–1058. JCI Scholars Olivia Uddin, Chirag Vasavda Frigault MJ, Dietrich J, Martinez-Lage M, Leick M, Choi BD, DeFilipp Z, Chen YB, Abramson J, Crombie J, Armand P, Nayak L, Panzini C, Riley LS, Gallagher K, Maus MV. Staff Editors Tisagenlecleucel CAR T-cell therapy in secondary CNS lymphoma. Blood. Executive Editor 2019;134(11):860–866. Sarah C. Jackson Senior Science Editor Garfall AL, Stadtmauer EA, Hwang WT, Lacey SF, Melenhorst JJ, Krevvata M, Carroll MP, Corinne Williams Matsui WH, Wang Q, Dhodapkar MV, Dhodapkar K, Das R, Vogl DT, Weiss BM, Cohen AD, Science Editor Mangan PA, Ayers EC, Nunez-Cruz S, Kulikovskaya I, Davis MM, Lamontagne A, Elyse Dankoski Dengel K, Kerr ND, Young RM, Siegel DL, Levine BL, Milone MC, Maus MV, June CH. Assistant Science Editor Anti-CD19 CAR T cells with high-dose melphalan and autologous stem cell transplantation Lisa Conti for refractory multiple myeloma. JCI Insight. 2019;4(4):e127684. Editor at Large Ushma S. Neill Contact the JCI and JCI Insight The American Society for Clinical Investigation holds the rights to Editorial Intern and publishes the Journal of Clinical Investigation and JCI Insight. Bouchra Taib 2015 Manchester Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, USA The opinions expressed herein are solely those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the ASCI. JCI This Month ISSN 2380-3029 (print) Phone: 734.222.6050 ISSN 2380-3037 (online) Email: [email protected] (JCI); (ASCI) indicates corresponding authors For the full JCI online: jci.me/130/9 [email protected] (JCI Insight) who are ASCI members. jci.org/this-month september 2020 1 research Editor’s picks covid-19 on the jci cover SARS–CoV-2 infection of the placenta at 22 weeks’ gestation The risks COVID-19 poses to pregnant women remain unclear, and ongoing studies are needed to determine how outcomes vary by trimester and individual patient risk factors. In this issue, Hillary Hosier, Shelli Farhadian, and colleagues present a case of SARS–CoV-2 infection of the placenta in the second trimester. This case report highlights a patient with severe COVID-19 who was admitted to the hospital at 22 weeks’ gestation with severe preeclampsia and placental abruption.
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