32378 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971
O R DE R F O R R E CO GN IT IO N O F exceed 15 minutes. This will be followed the Senate adjourn until 12 o'clock noon SENATOR YOUNG NEXT FRIDAY by a period for the transaction of rou- on Monday next. Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Pres- tine morning business for not to ex- T he motion was agreed to; and (at ceed 15 minutes, with statements limited ident, I ask unanimous consent that on 2 o'clock and 40 minutes p.m.) the Sen- Friday next, immediately following the therein to 3 minutes. At the close of the ate adjourned until M onday, Septem- routine morning business, the Senate will ber 20, 1971, at 12 noon. remarks by the distinguished senior Sen- ator from Georgia (Mr. TALMADGE), the resume the consideration of the confer- ence report on the extension and the distinguished Senator from North Da- revision of the draft. kota (Mr. YOUNG) be recognized for not CONFIRMATIONS At 3 p.m., two rollcall votes will occur to exceed 15 minutes. consecutively on the following: Executive nominations confirmed by The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without First, the International Convention the Senate September 17, 1971: objection, it is so ordered. R elating to Intervention on the High U.S. ARMY Seas in Cases of Oil Pollution Casualties; T he following-named officer, under the and provisions of title 10, United States Code, PROGRAM Second, certain amendments to the In- section 3066, to be assigned to a position of importance and responsibility designated by Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Pres- ternational Convention for Prevention the President under subsection (a) of sec- ident, if the distinguished assistant Re- of Pollution of the Sea by Oil. tion 3066, in grade as follows: Following the two rollcall votes, the publican leader has anything to say, I To be lieutenant general shall yield to him for that purpose. If Senate will resume consideration of the not, I will proceed with the statement of conference report on the draft. Maj. Gen. Harris Whitton Hollis, xxx-xx-xxxx xxx-x... , Army of the United States (brigadier the program for Monday. general, U.S. Army). Mr. President, the program for Mon- day next is as follows: ADJOURNMENT UNTIL MONDAY, IN THE NAVY The Senate will convene at 12 o'clock SEPTEMBER 20, 1971 The nominations beginning Guy Harold A ble III, to be lieutenant, and ending M ar- noon. Following the recognition of the Mr. BYRD of West Virginia. Mr. Presi- garet A nne Zuger, to be lieutenant, which two leaders under the standing order, dent, if there be no further business to nominations were received by the Senate and the junior Senator from West Virginia come before the Senate, I move, in ac- appeared in the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD on (Mr. BYRD) will be recognized for not to cordance with the previous order, that August 6, 1971.
EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS
NATIONAL HIGHWAY WEEK OB- states are now more than 75 percent new Metropolitan Health Care Founda- SERVED—NATIONAL ROAD SYS- completed and their impact on the coun- tion. A statement explaining the founda- TEM CONTINUES TO GROW IN try has been great. tion's activity is included. SERVICE TO AMERICAN PEOPLE Highways, however, are more than just M r. Cook, and another witness, Dr. a means or transportation. They have a Walter McClure, representing the Amer- HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH significant impact on many aspects of ican R ehabilitation Foundation, dis- our national life. Highways not only de- cussed health maintenance organiza- OF WEST VIRGINIA termine what people will eat and where tions. In Mr. Cook's view the success of IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES they will go on their vacations, they also HMO's depends on three factors: First, Friday, September 17, 1971 influence where and how people live, the public acceptance; second, professional Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, the development of whole regions and levels acceptance; and third, the ability of week of September 19-25 has been desig- of economic prosperity enjoyed by com- HMO's to meet the health needs of so- nated National Highway Week and it is munities throughout the country. ciety at a reasonable cost. He further in- appropriate that we give notice to the From the beginning, Federal involve- dicated that there was very little resist- contribution of the American highway ment in highway development has been ance to the idea of HMO's, but that their system to the continued growth and one of partnership with the States. This future success was not guaranteed. strength of our country. is a joint effort that has grown over the Dr. McClure has worked long and hard Roads have been an increasingly im- years and has been successful in provid- on proposals to establish HMO's. In his portant means of transportation from ing the world's most advanced highway statement he emphasized a number of the earliest days of the frontier when system. aspects of HM O 's and how to create primitive trails were hacked through the While we have made greater progress them. wilderness. These first arteries bear no in developing our highway system, we He discussed the incentive system that resemblance to the great superhighways know that it is far from adequate and would be built into the HM O concept. that today connect every section of our far from perfect. There is a large and O n the one hand these organizations country. But there is a direct link be- dedicated team composed of government, would receive more money for the greater tween the two in the steady growth and industry, and individual citizens con- number of people they enroll, providing refinement of the highway system. stantly at work to make our roads better an incentive to increase their enrollment. T he Federal highway program has and more responsive to the needs of our On the other hand, preventive medicine been in existence for more than 50 years, country. It is these individuals that I would be emphasized since that avoids giving the Federal Government a major salute during this N ational Highway the high cost of curative medicine. Pro- role in the development of better high- Week of 1971. fessional staff members of HMO's would ways. receive additional financial incentives to America has come to be increasingly keep their members well. Dr. McClure argued very persuasively for Congress to reliant on motor vehicles of all types for MINNEAPOLIS HEALTH HEARINGS the transportation of goods and people. improve the delivery of health care while More than 108 million vehicles now use continuing to debate the improvements our streets and roads and this number is HON. DONALD M. FRASER needed in financing health care. growing yearly. OF MINNESOTA Also, Dr. McClure discussed the role of insurance companies and Blue Cross The Interstate Highway System is the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES most ambitious highway program ever as part of a new system. He sees the role Thursday, Septem ber 16, 1971 u n d e r ta k e n a n d h a s f r e qu e n tly b e e n of insurance companies as managers and called the greatest public works project Mr. FRASER. Mr. Speaker, during the marketers for the newly established in the history of the world. It is difficult hearings I recently concluded in M in- HMO's. At the same time, however, Dr. to argue with this conclusion when we neapolis a new organization was repre- McClure made a strong e-q-ce for string- see the vast improvements in highway sented by Mr. Thomas P. Cook. Mr. Cook ent Federal regulations of HMO's while transportation that have been made pos- is the executive secretary of the Hen- favoring lesser day-to-day regulation in sible by the Interstate System. The inter- nepin County Medical Society and the terms of "tinkering regulations." September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32379 During the discussion, in response to a AMERICAN PUBLIC WORKS ASSOCI do hereby adopt and authorize as the As· question concerning whether or not it ATION TO PUBLISH BICENTEN sociation's official Bicentennial project, the NIAL HISTORY OF PUBLIC WORKS preparation and publication of a. history of was possible for HMO's to be pro:fitmak public works in the United States from 1776 ing, Dr. McClure stated the following: to 1976 so that future generations xna.y These organizations are not cheap to set benefit from a comprehensive review of pub up. An immense amount of planning, orga HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH lic works in perspective; and be it further nization, and marketing has to go on. If OF WEST VIRGINIA Resolved, that the Executive Director be the federal government is going to finance IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES requested to seek the cooperation and en this effort, this means the federal govern dorsement of this project by the Senate and ment will have to discover funds in the Friday, September 17, 1971 House Public Works Committee of the United budget that are not presently there. There Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, in 5 States Congress and that he be charged with fore, it seems to me that in order to start the responsibility of making appropriate ar these organizations initially we are going years the United States will celebrate the rangement for the successful completion of to have to heavily tap private capital. I do 200th anniversary of its independence. this project by early 1976 and empowered to not see how private capital can be tapped Many groups are already at work on enter into agreements and incur such ex under present non-profit arrangements. I their planS for participation in the na penditures as may be required subject to would start out with the following thought tional observance. I fully anticipate that their approval by the Board of Directors. that presently physicians are profit-making the American bicentennial in 1976 will individuals and that organization into profit be a great demonstration of the strength making organizations suffers the same diffi and vitality of our country as well as a culties as in the individual case. I don't think review of our history and the renewal of PEACETIME USES OF THE MILl· that there is a problem with a profit making TARY-ENVIRONMENTAL ENGI· HMO as long as the rules are set well and our dedication to the principles on well-regulated. Regulations and quality con which our Nation was founded. NEERS trol is a part of this system. . . . Moreover The American Public Works Associa we feel that the HMO concept because it has tion recently conducted its annual con HON. ABNER J. MIKVA a. contractual relationship to care for the in gress and equipment show in Philadel OF ILLINOIS dividual allows us to judge from the health phia. Meeting in the city where our status of that individual the performance Nation was founded, the association IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the HMO. Under our traditional system we Thursday, September 16, 1971 have no way of knowing what the quality of adopted a resolution accepting as its care being received by a person is in terms project for the bicentennial observance Mr. MIKVA. Mr. Speaker, many of the of the provider who provided it because there the compilation and publication of a his problems currently faced by the Armed may be dozens of providers providing who tory of public works in the United States Forces stem from the fact that up until take no responsib111ty for the health of the from 1776 to 1976. now, the only clearly defined function of whole person. Throughout our history, public works the military has been to wage war and de The letter follows: activities have performed an important fend the Nation from military attack. HENNEPIN COUNTY MEDICAL SOCIETY, role in the building of our Nation. It is, What does such an Army do in a time Minneapolis, Minn., February 27,1971. therefore, appropriate that such a docu of peace? Some meaningful function Hon. DONALD M. FRASER, ment be prepared, and I know it will con must be assigned, other than waiting House of Representatives, tribute to a fuller understanding of our around for a war to develop, if the mili Fifth District, Minnesota: country. tary is to be able to attract enough vol The Hennepin County Medical Society has Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent unteers and maintain enough morale to long expressed a. continuing concern for the that the resolution adopted by the Amer insure that we will have a ready and alert ever-rising cost of health care in our metro ican Public Works Association on Sep politan area.. force if and when military defense be tember 11 in Philadelphia be printed in comes necessary. For some twenty months now we have been the RECORD. putting together a. Health Care Foundation. Prof. Morris Janowitz of the Univer When in operation this Foundation will in There being no objection, the resolu sity of Chicago, a distinguished sociolo clude all seven counties in our Twin City tion was ordered to be printed in the gist and military analyst, has developed Metropolitan area. We hope to have the RECORD, as follows: an exciting idea for peacetime use of the Foundation in operation about ApPil first. BICENTENNIAL RESOLUTION, CONGRESS HALL, Armed Forces. He suggests employment Through an on-going program of Peer Re PHILADELPHIA, PA. of the military in various aspects of com view the Foundation hopes to relate to all Whereas, public works, constituting as it munity service, working in the public in aspects of the health care field. does the physical structures and facilities The Foundation will concern itself with required to house all types of governmental terest in areas which are not being pur the quality of health services. functions and provide water, power, waste sued either by private industry or by With the frequency of the attending phy disposal and transportation service to the civilian governmental units. sician's services for conditions treated on an general public, has contributed significantly An Army which builds housing where ambulatory basis. to the growth and development of the decent low income housing units are des The Medical justification for admission to United States; and perately needed, an Army which applies the hospital as a bed patient. Whereas, there 1s a general tendency to its engineering capabilities to combat air take public works facilities and services for For the work-up and treatment while and water pollution and solid waste dis~ hospitalized. granted, not realizing how much people are actually dependent upon such systems, par posal problems, an Army which assists A determination as to whether or not the in providing medical and social services duration of hospital stay 1s reasonable and ticularly in urban communities; and medically acceptable. Whereas, members of the American Public to urban and rural problem areas--an And to concern ourselves with the reason Works Association are now assembling in Army which preserves its potential for ableness of fees for professional services. the historic City of Philadelphia. for the 1971 defense while performing currently for The Foundation will work closely and con Public Works Congress and Equipment Show, peace-this is the kind of Army which tinuously with the Blue Shield and Blue whlle members of its Board of Directors, may begin to attract substantial numbers Cross health service plans-and with all ma House of Delegates and Advisory Council, consisting of the Past Presidents of the of capable young Americans who are jor companies providing insurance against Association, are now convened in joint ses hungry for opportunities to serve their the cost o! health care in this metropolitan sion in Congress Hall where the founding country in a meaningful way. area. fathers of this Nation took historic action I insert in the RECORD the text of a We are hopeful that in due course we will of far-reaching significance to all mankind; brief statement by Professor Janowitz be able to render similar services to all Wel and fare agencies functioning in this seven county outlining his ideas for a new peacetime Whereas, 1President Richard M. Nixon has posture for the military: metropolitan area and eventually to provide officially proclaimed the Bicentennial Era to like services for the "Medicare & Medicaid" extend from 1971 through 1976, and has re THE ALL-VoLUNTEER ARMED FORCE AND programs. quested that appropriate steps be taken to ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL Material identified with the Health Care mark the observance of the 200th Anniver (By Morris Janowitz) Foundation 1s respectfully submitted at this sary of the United States o! America; now, By 1975, the United States military will be time. therefore, be it an all-volunteer force and it will stand near THOMAS P. COOK, Resolved, that members of the constituent one and one half million men. With the ex Executive Secretary, Hennepin County bodies of the Ainerican Publlc Works As ception of over one hundred thousand men Meclical Society ancl Metropolitan sociation assembled here this eleventh day stationed in Western Europe the bulk of the Health Care Founclation. of September, nineteen hundred seventy one, men will be located in the United States, and CXVll--2037-Part 24 32380 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 hopefully they will be operating under an lished for within the frame of existing 1nili milieu, was attempting not to show his ex effective doctrine of flexible deterrence. tary requirements. Four, the milltary career trinsic fear. He had never been and never such a force will have the capacity for ef itself needs to be restructured so that mili would be comfortable in New York. He ges fective involvement in the handling of broad tary personnel can ,be rotated into special tured upstream into the river of metal that range of domestic emergency work and for assignments or assigned to olvllian agencies W8.'3 moving south, one way, around them. participation in environment and pollution for longer and shorter periods of time. Such "My wife is about to come down through control. Within the m111tary there are rotation will prevent the military from be here in a yellow station wagon," he said. "I younger officers who understand the impor coming socially insolated from American told her I'd be waiting for her, and she tance of these tasks for the m111tary. The society and help prepare them for second should be here any minute. Would you help basic issue is not as Traditionalists seek to careers after retirement. me get her out of the traffic?" "Ranger, you argue that the m111tary should be engaged in stand right here, and when you see your Wife, its primary military mission and not be di point her out," said the cop. Two minutes verted into secondary goals. To the con later, the yellow station wagon appeared trary, participation in these missions is es PROFILE OF GEORGE HARTZOG, under the big advertising signs and moved sential to its vitality and sense of responsibil DIRECTOR OF THE NATIONAL past Lindy's and Jack Dempsey's and Mc ity. The military in the United States has Ginnis of Sheepshead Bay and on into the traditionally participated in civllian-type PARK SERVICE zone of the Astor, where the policeman, activities, but the content and scope of these paralyzing the traffic of the city, cleared out tasks are now undergoing drastic change. an acre of the avenue and guided Mrs. Hart Especially in a period of deterrence, the mil HON. STROM THURMOND zog to the curb. itary must avoid a purely negative role, cru OF SOUTH CAROLINA When Hartzog was nineteen years old, he cial though that may be. It must avoid a IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES went to work in the law offices of Padgett & sense of underemployment and boredom, es Moorer, in a one-story frame building on Jef· pecially among its junior officers. Friday, September 17, 1971 feries Boulevard, in Walterboro, South Caro Clearly, the military cannot engage in tasks lina. Padgett had died, and Moorer needed that are better performed by civ111an agen· Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, the assistance. Hartzog, who knew shorthand, cies. Clearly, the essential issue is to make New Yorker magazine for September 11, worked 8.'3 stenographer, typist, and general use of the standby and unused resources of contains an article presenting a profile clerk. Before long, he told Moorer that he the armed forces. These resources are too of George Hartzog, Director of the Na would like to read law, and that he would like extensive not to be effectively engaged in con tional Park Service. The article, written Moorer to be his law school. Moorer, a thin tributing to the solution of domestic needs. by John McPhee, describes George Hart man in a black suit, made no immediate re Clearly, the special capacity of the military zog and the effective manner in which sponse, but finally took from a shelf the four hinges on its public service ethic, its ab111ty he administers the National Park Serv volumes of Sir William Blackstone's "Com to respond to emergencies and to improvise mentaries on the Laws of England." "They're in the use of its resources. ice. in Old English," Moorer said, meaning that In a democratic society, the military can The article points out that Mr. Hartzog the s's would appear to be f's. "Read them. not be encouraged or permitted to over-ex is a self-educated man who was a li If you're still interested after that, I'll tend its boundaries. The military cannot be censed local minister at the age of 17, think about it." Hartzog read Blackstone, expected to assume broad educational func taught himself law, and later passed the and Hartzog's aspirations somehow survived. tions in a democratic society or make up for South Carolina bar examination. He is So Moorer took him across the street to the the defects of the inner-city schools system, originally from Smoaks, S.C., but his Colleton County Courthouse, got out an although it can offer a second chance to a enormous pile of deeds, mortgages, and limited number of youngsters. Moreover, in family moved to Waterloo, S.C., where probate papers, and put him to work on a a democratic society it must be removed from he studied law when their farm failed. land-title case. Moorer told Hartzog to copy domestic police surveillance functions. Its George Hartzog still preaches wherever everything 8.'3 quickly as he could, and Moorer role in domestic disorder is also very lim he can in churches around Washington went off to play golf. It was a blazing August ited; it can serve only as a temporary back-up and feels that in his present position he day, followed by a dense and unreliev1ng force when local institutions are unable to is performing a mission as necessary and August night. Hartzog got the permission of handle their situation. Even under those cir constructive as the ministry. the county clerk to remain after hours in the cumstances we have learned that military The National Park Service is only 50 courthouse, and he sat there all night. "I did forces most often serve best as auxiliaries it," he said to Moorer in the morning, giving to local civ111an officials. years old, and Mr. Hartzog is the second him a completed memorandum. Moorer The milltary are already involved in a Director to come up from ranger. The showed Hartzog another lawbook, and talked variety of national emergency functions and article states that his two principal goals over wilh him what he read there. He took these assignments need to be broadened and as Director of the National Park Service him back to the courthouse and had him made more effective. The military operate are to maintain the park system's vast copy more papers. This went on for thirty extensively the handling of the effects of existing apparatus and at the same time three months, and then Hartzog sat for and natural disasters-floods, hurricanes and the to give it a new emphasis toward cities. passed the bar examinations of South like; these are situations which require their I personally know George Hartzog to Carolina. flexible resources. Forest fighting is a typical Hartzog, who is now Director of the Na area in which their role could be expanded. be highly qualified and competent both tional Park Service, has on his office wall To natural disasters should be added the ever by his native intelligence and ability, and in the Department of the Interior a framed increasing scope of man-made disasters; oil his extensive and successful experience admonition from George Washington: "Do spills, power failures and chemical and in the National Park Service. His not suffer your good nature, when applica atomic accidents. The armed forces a.re in achievement to his high position is truly tion is made, to say 'Yes' when you should dispensible in a variety of air and sea rescue a credit to a self-made man. This article say 'No.' Remember, it is a public not a pri work of civilians, to which is being added is an excellent profile of the life, per vate cause that is to be injured or bene on an experimental basis, medical evacua sonality, and professional competence of fitted by your choice. On a table beneath the tion especially of road accidents, where al quotation is a telephone console (a garden ternative facilities are not available. an outstanding American. I ask unani of square buttons, seventeen in all) through However the major frontier, rests in the mous consent that this article be printed which application of one kind or another Is area of environmental control and in the in the RECORD. made to Hartzog all day Iong-an office day handling of particular Mpects of pollution There being no objection, the profile that begins at 7:30 a.m. and almost never and resource destruction. The Corps of Engi was ordered to be printed in the RECORD, l8.'3ts less than twelve hours. neers have moved in this direction but only as follows: He sits beside the console in a leather arm the first steps have been taken. The scope [From the New Yorker magazine, Sept. 11, chair. He punches one of the buttons. "Yes, of a desired program must tap the b8.'3ic sir? ... How are you? ... Fine ... Put resources of the armed forces. 1971] any kind of restriction on me you want, and First, a central planning unit needs to PROFILES: RANGER GEORGE HARTZOG I'll come back for oversight reporting and be established in the Department of Defense In front of the Hotel Astor, some year& all the rest." He punches another button. to examine how existing or mod:1fied units ago, a policeman was doing what he could to "Joe, it's cheaper than transporting •em to of the military can use their standby re improve the fiow of traffi.c when a tall and jail. If it's good, why should you quit? And if sources effectively for environment control. youthful man stepped off the curb and lt·s good, why shouldn't you do it?" Hartzog Most military units have a positive contri approached hlm. "Excuse me, Officer," he lights a Garcia y Vega cigar. He uses a silver bution to make. Second, the study and said. "My name is George Hartzog. I'm a trimmed walnut cigar holder, and the entire analysis of environmental problems and pol ranger from Great Smoky Mountains Nation rig extends about twelve inches from his lution control need to be added to the topics al Park." It is, of course, impossible to say mouth. As he talks, he smiles and grins, as of the military academies at West Poinrt, An what ran through the cop's mind at that mo if his gestures as well as his language were napolis, and Colorado Springs and to the ment, but something stirred there--perhaps a golng out over the line. All this smiling has advanced schools of the armed forces. Third, sense of colleagueship, however distant. Hart put crow's-feet in the corners of his eyes. experimental programs need to be estab- zog, for his part, feeling bewildered in this He is !n his early fifties, and his face is still September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32381 youthful, even delicate. The skin is soft. His table, shot through with moments of high placed in the swamps near Miami. The Park eyelashes are long. pitched intensity. The men seem to care a Service and conservation groups-not always His eyes are bright, and they do not move great deal about what they are saying, and friends-joined to block the jetport, and they when he is talking. In Washington, he has they apparently understand one another, were successful, but, in compromise, a jet become overweight to the point of medical although their language, to the laity, is training airport has been established in concern. Most of the excess is concentrated unintelltgtble. stead and it is now up to the Park Service in the space between the arms of his chair. "Supplemental itself does not give you protecting the swamps, protecting the His hair is thin, and he is growing bald at positions," the Director says. Seminoles and the Miccosukees, to monitor the temple. He wears a dark suit, a white "We'll understand it ·better when we get the various forms of pollution that come shirt, a striped tie, and a shell-inlay Indian more feedback," says one of his deputies. from the site, including noise. ring. "The report has been surnamed. We'll "What is the psychological effect of noise Hartzog's deputies-his deputy for legisla know something soon." on an Indian?" tion, his deputy for operations--sit down "We want to get something down that's "Who the hell is capable of doing tha,t with him at eight-fifteen. The Director ex serious as a foundation for budget figures." kind of research?" pects everyone else to work as long hours as "A talking document." "The University of Miami." he does. They talk about a ribbon-cutting "It will smoke out Management and "It will be in the environmental plan." in Maryland, a photographic safari in Wyo Budget." "O.K. Photograph the draft and let the ming, exposure, publicity, and wilderness. "Is "Every time we try to do something, they task force on Big Cypress have it." wilderness a zone of use or is wilderness a ask for another study. They've been studying Hartzog puts out a cigarette and un physical state?" Hartzog's voice is loud the hell out of me for seven years." hurriedly lights another cigar. He is like a signifying nothing more than animation, but "You won't know anything if there's in man with a rake, steadily burning leaves. to people who don't know him it can sound sufficient input." Word of crisis reaches the room The roof like anger. "Don't pass over my question," he "Or if you don't understand what the beams at Wolf Trap Farm have sheared. Wolf says when someone changes the subject, but broad parameters are." Laughter. Trap Farm is in Fairfax County, Virginia, and the question is really rhetorical. "O.M.B. won't put up money for expert· there the Park Service is building a per Wilderness, as seen from this corner of mental programs." forming-arts center that includes a theatre the Department of the Interior, is a zone "Are we the lead agency':'" big enough to accommodate more than six of use. Hartzo'g puts down his cigar and "Yes." thousand people. Invitations have been sent lights a cigarette. The meeting expands into "We'll need to supplement our in-house to Mrs. Nixon, a large piece of Congress, a conference room, where pictures of the ca.pab111t1es." various Cabinet members, and ambassadors Secretary of the Interior and the President "Amen." from countries on all levels of economic de hang side by side on a wall. The top of the "Then we'll be able to monitor the full velopment to collect at Wolf Trap for a cere· Secretary's head is hung so that it is level flow of the effort when it is in gear." many focussed on the topping out of the roof, with the President's chin. Twelve people, "We can tool up to do this by 1972, par· the beams of which-laminated; six feet Hartzog's central staff, now surround the ticularly if we reprogram it." thick-have just cracked. Joe Jensen, As Director, and he lights another cigar. In ell, "We're spinning our wheels." sociate Director for Professional Services, some thirteen thousand people work for him, "Be careful," Hartzog warns. "If you send quietly explains to everyone what queen-post and these vary from Washington policemen them a tentative figure for 1972, that be trusses are and how, under excessive strain, to wilderness rangers, naturalists, historians, comes your ceiling, and at this stage we they may shear. Slowly-or so it seems-the and men who pick up papers on the ends of need that sort of thing like a Buick needs a import of what is being said comes clear in sticks. Hartzog is the administrative overlord fifth hole. Any more questions?" Hartzog's mind, and then he speaks rapidly of one one-hundredths of the United States. Hartzog is a master of transitions, from and his voice is sharp and hard. His dispersed domains cover nearly thirty subject to subject or meeting to meeting. "Where are the sheared beams?" million acres. He has not only the national He keeps a conversation in flight just as long "They're lying in the parking lot.'' parks, and territories equally remote, but as he feels it is getting somewhere, and then "And we're supposed to have a topping also parkland and other properties in Bos he puts it down. "Take the numbers out of out ceremony with the roof beams lying in ton, New York, Philadelphia, and St. Lou1s, the back of it," he concludes. "Put a new the parking lot? You're not going to kid the and eight thousand acres of the District of map with it, write letters, and say, 'Here press to the point of thinking you're having Columbia. He is the janitor of the White it is.'" a topping-out ceremony in a building that House. He runs the Statue of Liberty, and The persons, populations, and places be· has a structural defect so that you can't put all the national monuments, cemeteries, sea neath these punch-card blocks of language a roof on it. You're got the First Lady in shores, parkways, battlefields, military parks, gradually emerge. What these people have volved. You don't involve her in a sham. historical parks, and recreation areas. The been talking about--among other things Call Mrs. Nixon's people and tell them we clock above the door says 9 a.m. Hartzog are a group of islands in Lake Superior, cer don't think we should go ahead with the picks up a paper clip and bends it open so tain areas of the City of New York, the ceremony." A man on Hartzog's right gets that it resembles a propeller. While he talks, south-Florida ecosystem, and Everglades Na· up and leaves the room. leaning forward, forearms against the con tiona! Park. The Park Service is making a "The structure is safe enough, George. ference table, he spins the paper clip. "Jus national lakeshore of the Apostle Islands, an You're not worried about anyone getting tice wouldn't flle the suit because there was hour's drive from Duluth, three-hours from hurt, are you?" no money. I waited a year to have some Minneapolis. Local speculators, as is fre "I'm not worried about anyone getting paper in your hand so you could agree With quently the case, are gumming the proce hurt, except politically." Justice." The crisis is abruptly dropped. "We have supporting data." dure. The Park Service would like to estab· lish a vast recreation area among beaches "I need a superintendent at Chamizallike "That's what you told me last year. How's a Buick needs a fifth hole, but I got one, the pay cost? Does it hurt or is it just annoy and islands around the entrance to New York Harbor. Problems there only begin with because he is locked into the budget," Hart· ing?" zag says. "I don't warut that to happen "We can live with it." speculators. But the Apostle Islands and the gateway beaches of New York are near peo· again." He raps his knuckles on the table. "There's a disallowance of pay-increase pie-nearer, that is, than Yellowstone--and "Senrutor Bible is complaining about our values. If the savings didn't come about slowness on the Craters of the Moon Wilder through lapses, we would have to have are the park system needs to go to the people now. Yellowstone National Park was estab ness Area. I want that tied into the next duction in force. I just don't think you can budget appeal. And we've gOit to move on get an item like that through Congress. lished in 1872 and was the first thing of its kind in the world. It set an international ex Alaska. Alaska is hot right now. What is the They're not going to give you any Washing list of the things we want?" ton-office support costs. I want to get the ample. But Yellowstone is a long way from thing to the Office of Management and the East River, and another example is "Klondike Gold Rush International His· Budget, though. I don't see any point in coming. Hartzog wants to clean up and, in torical Park, Wood-Tikchik National Recrea fiddling around :with it. That's what stripped a limited way, to develop big areas of beach tion Area, the Lake Clark Pass, extensions to the gears last week." and harbor front, and then to connect these Mount McKinley National Park, Gates of the The National Park Service is more than places to Harlem and Bedford-Stuyvesant Arctic National Park, and the St. Elias fifty years old and has had only seven with a fleet of fast-moving boats that charge Range-fifteen million acres in all." directors. Hartzog is the second to come up no fares. The plans are well along. Mean "Before you assign someone to the theme· from ranger. His two principal goals are to while, he has to protect what he already has. study, I want you to touch base with Pat maintain the park system's vast existing ap The Everglades are drying up, because some Ryan. Any more questions?" paratus and at the same time to give it a new thing called the Central and Southern Flor The Park Service archeologist, smoking emphasis toward cities. Implementing his ida Flood Control District--a project of the· Kools, begins to talk about a Park Service programs, he attempts to inform, influence, Army Engineers-is intercepting water and underwater-salvage plan involving ancient entice, flatter, outguess, and sense the mood diverting it to agricultural use. For two days, shipwrecks off the Florida coast. He wears a of congressmen, senators, and various mem Hartzog has been on the phone to senators string tie secured with a silver-and-turquoise bers of the Administration, including his own who are holding hearings on the subject. shell-inlay broach. Hartzog lets him talk for overlord, the Secretary of the Interior. There Further threat to the Everglades appeared a while, then says, "Any more questions?" is much laughter around his conference 1n the form of a stupendous jetport to be "St. Catherines Island, on the Georgia 32382 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 coast-do we want it? The foundSJtion that pan aDan..nd it turns to ashes. We simply aren't Splat. More silence. zog contemplates the tip of his rod. The quiet goinr. to have enough water. Not nearly Hartzog, who ordinarily holds intense con is so prolonged, in fact, that Buford becomes eno·u.gh water. ... Yes.... Thank you.... versations with at least a hundred people a impatient and tells his boatman, Preston TI:ank you, sir. I deeply appreciate it." day, appears at this moment to be drinking Jones, to move on and try another spot P.tnch. the silence. The fishing is terrible, but he "Under that cliff," he says. "Maybe that's "Congressman, you and I have been doesn't seem to care. The river is full of where they're all hiding." through this sort of thing before, and we twigs, leaves, and specks of forest trash. It The cliff is a high limestone wall that has knew that in a situation like this a lie goes is swollen four feet above its normal level, been striped by dripping water. Beyond the around the world before the truth gets its and only ten days earlier it was twenty-eight rim of the cliff is a forest of red oak, white britches on." Punch. feet above normal and in savage flood. "She's oak, cedar hickory. On the other side of "Senator, I want you to know I've gone perky. Oh yeah, she's real nasty," says Hart the river, where the ground is lower, are the last mile with these people. . . . Yes zog's boatman, whose name is Cal Smith. groves of sycamore, locust, and willow. The ... No . ... Yes, I knew you'd tell me The boat is a johnboat, twenty feet long, strata of the limestone are level-fiat lines honestly, that's why I called you." Punch. narrow, fiat-bottomed. Hartzog sits near the reaching out beyond the peripheries of vi "Better hold off, Joe, I have the Secretary bow in a strapped-down director's chair, sion. Below them, and above the bend, is a rolled up enough now, and I think if you were and Smith is in the stern beside a nine-and run of whlte rapids. to throw a restudy in there at this time you'd a-half-horse Johnson outboard. Smith is a "We've got to have this river," Hartzog kill it." Punch. A fresh cigar. big man with heavy bones, frankfurtery fin says. He wants to make its entire hundred "No. I'ts very simple. The Indians have gers, lithic jowls. He grew up by a quiet and fifty miles a national river, which means the government over a barrel. We can't force stream in Missouri. His father used to tell that the Park Service would buy the river those Indian lands into this, because both him what the bullfrogs were saying to ea.ch and all the riverine lands necessary to---as tribes have now changed their minds and other when they conversed in the night. he puts it--"protect its overview." The op want to stay out. The Indians al'le listening to "Come around, come around," said Mr. Frog. position consists of the Army Corps of En their white brother the real-state specula And Mrs. Frog's answer was "Too deep. Too gineers, which would like to arrest the Buf tor." Punch. Puff. deen." Hartzog laughs a. big, shaking laugh falo with flood-control dams, and private "Mr. Secretary, I appreciate your return at the story of the frustrated frog. So Smith owners who are against the intrusion of the ing my call. It's about this photographic tries another one-about President Roose government in any form; but Hartzog thlnks safari in Yellowstone. I'd like very much to velt gettin' in trouble with a gal named Pearl he can get the river for the Park Service, and give you this exposure. You would inaugurate Harbor. Hartzog's laughter has the same he will work to get it as long as he needs to. it, then we'd take you off and bring you volume but is somewhat forced this time. "It's just unspoiled," he says. "People haven't out." Punch. Hartzog tells Smith about a moonshiner found it yet." An incoming call informs Hartzog that who took up counterfeiting and ma.de a fif He stretches his legs a. little and leans the Whlte House feels it is too late to stop teen-dollar bill. He gave it to a country store back, watchlng the tip of the rod. He would the ceremony at Wolf Trap Farm, because keeper, asking for change, and he was given like to see the tip move in short, erratic arcs. the invitations have all gone out. Hartzog, two sixes and a three. Smi-th almost chuckles That, after all-that brief, dactylic burst up staring into the floor, is quiet for two min himsell' out of the boat. The silences between there at the end of the fibre-glass rod-is utes. "Then just don't call it a topping-out these stories are long ones, without a. nibble. what he is supposedly waiting for. He pushes ceremony," he says at last. "Whatever you That flood really stirred up the river. The his baseball cap forward on his head, as if he do, change the name." engine of another johnboa.t whines impa were about to catch a. nap in a dugout. There It is noon. He gets up to leave, explaining tiently several hundred yards downstream. are five eyes on his rod. He sights through the to his assistants that the meeting he is going This one contains Hartzog's friend Anthony last one into a patch of fiat blue among hlgh to is secret. "It's with the Idaho delegation," Buford, and Buford's boat is now heading mounds of cumulus. He finds a fragment of he tells them, "and it's so secret they won't back upstream, apparently to rendezvous cloud loose in the blue and he frames it even let their staff in on it. But when I come with Hartzog's. Buford is a. middle-sized man stea.dily in the fifth eye while he waits for back, I may have a national park." with a leonine hea.d, deep facial wrinkles, and the glass to bend. By the door is another framed quotation. a gruff, gravelly voice. (A third boat, be From five hundred feet in the air, Jamaica This one says, "Great Spirit, grant tha.t I yond sight around a benr., contains Hartzog's Bay looks something like the Okefenokee may not criticize my neighbor until I have two sons, one of them under ten and the swamp--mud islands, dry islands, fringe walked a mile in his moccasins." other in his twenties.) vegetation, mottled marshland. Hartzog For two hours now, Hartzog has been sit Like Hartzog, Buford is a self-educated points to the hull of a wooden shlp, it ribs ting in a boat on the Buffalo River doing lawyer who grew up against a rural back protruding from the water. He points to a the closest thing to nothing at all. He is fish· ground-in his case, southeastern Missouri, flight of geese descending toward a landing. ing. Fishing is his only recreation. The Park where he now has a big farm. Buford is an He points to two men on horseback, canter Service stocks bass and bream in Prince Wil aggressive man. He aggressively raises quarter ing along a dirt road a.t the water's edge. liam Forest Park, near Washington, and horses. He aggressively raises peerless cattle. In the background of the riders, wiggling in Hartzog sometimes goes out there for what he He was an aggressive attorney, before he heat waves, is the Empire State Building. contemptuously calls "put-an9--take," but the retired. He was general counsel of Anheuser The aircraft is a big, boat~hulled Sikorsky Buffalo, in Arkansas, in his idea of the real Busch. Hartzog and Buford got to know each helicopter borrowed (with crew) from the thing, and there is almost nowhere he would other when Hartzog was the chief Park Serv Coast Guard. Hartzog and members of hilt rather be. He says he feels he has to "stay ice ranger at the Jefferson National Expan staff are flying over the proposed gateway Na close to the deck, ·• though-to Washington, sion Memorial, in St. Louis. It was Hartzog tional Recreation Area. They came to survey interior, to Capitol Hlll, to the console-and who took a set of plans that had been lying the terrain and to discuss how best to bring so he allows himself to make such a. trip dormant for fifteen years and built the great a natural and recreational environment- only once every three or four years. arch of St. Louls. Those who know the story offering light, air, and quiet--close to the The Buffalo River rises in the Boston of the arch say that ha.d it not been for masses of the city. But, just now, pointing Mountains. Wild and free-flowing, it drops Hartzog there would be no arch. Hartzog is the only way Hartzog can communicate. to the east for a hundred and fi!ty miles the Ranger ls a hero in St. Louis, but at this Strapped tightly into a bucket seat, he is through Ozark forest terrain. It is punctu moment he is not a hero to Tony Buford. beside an enormous open doorway, and his ated with rapids, and it has cut canyons five "God damn it, George, this river is a mess. ears are covered with heavy black plastic hundred feet into limestone. Infrequently, it There is no point fishing this God-de.mned cups that appear to be some sort of audio passes small farms, which are for the most river, George. The fishing ~ s no good." headset but are connected to nothing. The September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32383 headset simply blocks sound. Each person in "He's very hard on his people. He cracks seven hundred thousand cars go in there. the cabin is wearing one. Printed instructions the whip. And he has a short fuse." "The automobile as a recreational experi warn that the plastic cups should be kept "He is too august, too removed a. figure." ence is obsolete," Hartzog says. "We cannot firmly in place "to minimize ear damage due "He never asks the next guy to do what he accommodate automobiles in such numbers to high-frequency engine noise." wouldn't do himself. He's demanding, but and still provide a quality environment for A little ear damage is apparently routine- his example is high." a recreational experience." Accordingly, Had all part of a day with the Coast Guard. The "He has the service idea. His attitude is ley will ask Congress for three hundred thou chopper circles, doing eighty miles an hour, that people should be wllling to move from sand dollars so he can close at least a part and the pilot turns it on its side to provide one post to another. They should do what of the valley to automobiles and carry people an optimum view. There is nothing but a seat they'Te told. He inspires both respect and through the closed area in chartered buses. belt between Hartzog and Jamaica Bay. The fear. This is true of any strong man." Hartzog says that eventually he would like open doorway-now beneath him-is so large He is so politically inclined that he shuf to block cars from the valley altogether and that a mature camel could fall through it, fles and changes things constantly. The poor possibly build a funicular that would lower let alone the Director of the National Park old bureaucrats around here don't know people into the Yosemite from the rim. To Service. On a map, Hartzog circles Jamaica qul!te where they're at." transport people around the valley floor, he Bay with his finger, indicating that he wants "We used to be trying to catch up on de contemplates the use of electric trains, which all of it for the Park Service--twenty square would run on rubber tracks. As Hadley and miles. velopment in established parks, but George 1s trying to find the needs of the seventies. Hartzog talk, it becomes increasingly ap The helicopter moves across Rockaway In parent that everything they are saying rests let and along the Breezy Point peninsula Those who identify the natural scene as the true purview of the Park Service think of on the assumption that the visiting public first over Jacob Riis Park, then over the Nike has the right to be carried from place to bunkers of Fort Tilden, and on to Breezy him as a renegade." place--that the right to vehicular trans Point itself. Breezy Point, the lower extrem· "He reacts emotionally to people. He's way portation, privately or publicly provided, now ity of Queens, is the southernmost tip of Long up on them or way down. He snoops around comes under less question than the right o'f Island. It reaches out into one side of the the parks, and if everything is O.K. the su freedom of assembly or freedom of speech. entrance to New York Harbor in much the perintendent is great. If not, the guy is The Park Service tried elephant trains in way that Sandy Hook, New Jersey, reaches finished." Yosemite for a period of ten weeks. The val into the other. Together, Sandy Hook and "If it rains, it's the superlntenderut's fault." ley was stuffed with cars, but people got out Breezy Point are pincers in the sea that con of them and spent twenty-five thousand dol stitute a kind of gateway to the city. The "With his own staff, he will delegate, but lars on the trains, at three dollars and fifty Park Service would include the whole of each the delegation is only good while the dele ceruts a ride. "People want some alternative" peninsula in the Gateway National Recrea gatee operates exactly the way George would Hartzog says. "No more roads will be built ~r tion Area, where twenty million visitors a year operate if he were the delegatee." widened until these alternatives are explored. would find swimming beaches, surfing "This building is loaded-it's stuffed We want to give people a park experience, beaches, pavilions, restaurants, promenades, with people who are overridden by personal not a parkway experience. We need to limit golf courses, tennis courts, playing fields, bike ambitions. But that is not true of GOOTge.' access to parks and wilderness. We've simply trails, hiking trails, surf fishing, pier fishing, I never have a fear that I'm being used and got to do something besides build roads in campgrounds, picnic zones, amphitheatres that when I'm used up I'll be discarded." these parks if we're going to have any parks for the performing arts, a museum of marine "Instead of being preoccupied with the left. We need controlled mechanical access. life, a cultural and educational center, "crea process, he is preoccupied with the idea. I've We can put parking lots outside the parks, tive open spaces," "nature areas," and "walk never heard him discuss reasons why things then take people in with public transporta and wander" areas for solitary ambles by can't be done." tion. When you get too many people, simply the sea. Hart:rog lights his seventh cigar. He says, shut off the machinery. If we get rid of the Hartzog points down to sand dunes. The "People, people, people---they're coming out automobile, we can have more people. No one outermost two hundred and thirty-two acres of my ears." The door of his office opens and knows what the carrying capacity of Yose of Breezy Point peninsula have never been in walks the superintendent of Yosemite Na mite is for human beings alone. I don't think developed. Although they are an integral tional Park. His name is Lawrence Hadley. you can stay bound up in this knot you've part of the City of New York, they are as He is in Washington to oonfeT with the Cali been in of roads and trails and more roads pristine as they were when .Verrazano dis fornia delegation to Congress, and Hartzog and more trails, Larry. You've got to end it. covered them. The chopper moves out over has fifteen minutes to sift Hadley's thoughts The beauty is that you can take a dynamite ribbed blue waves and flecks of whitecaps before Hadley goes to the Hill. The superin stick and blow up the pavement and then all New York Bay. Now framed in the open door tendent of Yosemite Is a young and strong you have is a hole there and you can fill up way-and two miles distant-are the fly appearing man with dark features, dark hair, and a suggestion of melancholy in his face. the hole. I'm not inflexible on anything paper beaches of Coney Island, three and a except th.alt I'm going to get rid of the half miles of people. Hartzog's ferries--fast He wears a silver watchband with turquoise damned automobile and I'm not going to single-screw pontoon airboats, shooting inlay and a la.rge silver-and-turquoise shell get rid of people in the process." around the harbor like waterbugs-would inlay ring. He speaks softly and with an un siphon people from Coney Island and spread pretentious air of absolute competence. He is Hadley, thoroughly coached, departs for them out into Gateway's twenty thousand Hart:rog's idea· of the Park Service personi Capitol Hill. As he goes out, Nathaniel ow acres. Hartzog holds in his hand a copy of fied-a man who does anything well and is ings, of the architectural firm Skidmore, ow the Gateway proposal, a map-filled booklet ready to serve anywhere any time. Hartzog ings & Merrill, comes in. Owings wearily says that flutters wildly in the breeze. He folds it is confident that when Hadley and his wife "Hello, George," sits down, takes out a hand: back to show a map of the ferry system, are asked abruptly to change their personal kerchief, and wipes his brow. He is middle trellising the harbor. plans and go to an airport to meet an official aged, middle height, middle weight. He, too •. visitor, they will do so without pause or re wears a turquoise ring. He is, as it happens.. The chopper descends. Two miles south of chairman of the Advisory Board of the Park the Verrazano-Narrows Bridge, almost in the gret. Hadley grew up in Maine, where his father was the superintendent of Acadia Service. Immediately, he says what he wants ~ lane of the giant ships, are two small islands. He is redeveloping the Mall-the sweeping; The helicopter hovers over them. The north National Park. The word 1s that Hadley may one day suc greensward that runs between the Capitol: ern one has three trees on it. It is called and the Washington Monument-and he. Hoffman Island. The other--Swinburne Is ceed Hartzog as director of the Service, and land-has no trees at all. Only one New York that Hadley will soon be transferred to Wash wants to put a subway entrance in the mid-· er in, se.y, fifty thousand has any idea that ington. Meanwhile, the problem of Yosemite die of it. Hartzog's eyebrows rise. Some of' these islands exist. Hartzog envisions, among Valley is the sort of thing he ought to be Owings' ideas are untraditional; the Mall: other things, an outdoor restaurant there dealing with, for the Yosemite's problem is would not be everybody's first choice as a sit&. beside the sea lanes, the big ships slicing by. population pressure as expressed in the in for a subway station. Owings says "The Mall The chopper moves. A gust rips into the vading automobile, and 1! solutions can be doesn't have to be just for ~onuments: · cabin and tears several maps from Hartzog's found there, where the presure is most in George. It can be for living. The subway sta.:.: hands. Clutching the remaining sheaves, he tense, the solutions may be applied through tion won't be junk and crappy, I guarantee. writes on one of them, in shorthand, "There out the national-park system. Yosemite Val There is nothing that says we can't put the goes half my park." ley has a fi-at fioor and sheer granite walls. subway entrance where the people are." "Any government agency has its own per It is about six miles long, and has been pene "With that idea, Nat, we can start some trated by a roadway 'from the west. Driving thing new in planning," Hartzog says, with! sonality, and George knows his bureau. He a booming laugh. knows what's happening here 1n Interior, he into it is like driving up through a drain and knows what's happening in Morro Castle, out into an exaggerated bathtub. The verti After Owings leaves, Hartzog begins as and he knows what's happening at Mount cal walls of the valley in places are three sembling papers. He punches the telephone· McKinley." thousand six hundred feet high, and for an console and says, "Ed, just make sure of one- "The personality of the Park Service 1s automobile there is only the one way in and thing. Whatever you do, just make sure changing as it becomes an organization that out. With its pluming waterfalls, its alpine there's no tree on top of that structure at; reflects Hartzog. The Park Service 1s vital, meadows, and its granite pinnacles, the Yo Wolf Trap Farm." Papers 1n hand, he hur active, and on the ball today, and has great semite 1s in all llke11hood the most exquisite ries out. He has an appearance. at hi& ow.n 0111. esprit de corps." cul-de-sac on earth, and each year about Capitol Hlll. 32384 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 "I stay pretty close to the deck," Hartzog new directions to the park system, and they fence, in McLean, Virginia. They raise chick says as he rides across the city in a chauf feel that he has drawn into the Park Serv ens. A small brook runs through the prop feur-driven unmarked patrol car of the ice people of very high calibre who might not erty-a wet ditch, really-and Hartzog from United States Park Police. "If the Congress have been there. They are sympathetic to time to time promises to clean it out and of the United States is going to hold hear some of Hartzog's problems within the Ad build a series of dams. The brook disappears ings on my legislation, I ought to be there ministration. "Sometimes he gets clobbered into an uncut thicket known as the Bird to testify." He has only once permitted him by the Secretary of the White House," Saylor Sanctuary. There is a burro as well. Hartzog self a trip to Europe, and that was just a has said "Sometimes he comes in here in a hitches her to a two-wheeled cart and, with fast tour of England, France, and the straitjacket. He is not always free to act as Edward at his side, races around his land Netherlands with a governmental committee an it'ldividual. He is told policy. It takes a shouting "Gee!" and "Haw!" "Many men sent to study historic preservation. He Will strong, strong man to overcome the politi are captains of industry, but when they get travel, though, to the remotest corner of any cal shenanigans that go on here in Wash home they are mice," one of Hartzog's close state in the Union to please a senator or a ington. :3is is supposed to be a nonpolitical friends has said while observing this scene. significant congressman. Remote corners of job, but it's not." "George is the captain at home.'' His wife, distant states can be, in a sense, integral "George has too many irons in the fire," Helen, is from Massachusetts, and is de segments of the deck. He once made a speech Aspinall once said. Aspinall is in his seven scribed by their friends as a Yankee trader. at the Cherokee Strip Living Museum, in ties and is covered with spikes, and from him She sells real estate, and buys and sells Arkansas City, Kansas, for example, because this is uncommon praise. "George is a little antiques, which she stores in an unoccupied Joe Skubitz asked him to go there. Arkansas too fast for his own good. He skips over de house next door. The two buildings stand City is in Skubitz's district. Skubitz is the tails. He is a builder without considering very close to a county highway. Hartzog's ranking minority member of the House Sub the cost of the building. So I say to him, front yard is mostly gravel and is barely committee on Parks and Recreation. Among 'No, George, 1back up and start over.' He has large enough for the bug Volkswagen in other things, Skubitz promised Hartzog on the personality to be able to back up. He is which he drives to work. Inside the house, this visit that he would arrange with Wayne a personable, lovable character, a very fine over a stone fireplace, is an oil painting that Aspinall, the chairman of the committee, companion, a complete public servant.'' consists of a field of miscellaneous red dots for a hearing on Hartzog's proposal for a Hartzog taps together his papers on the traversed by a bulging black line, thick with Buffalo National River. Hartzog is tireless. table before him, thanks the senators above dried paint. The title of this painting is He knows that in Washington the shortest him, and leaves the hearing room. He walks "Nature." It was given to Hartzog in appre distance between two points often includes about thirty feet dcwn the corridor, opens ciation of, among other things, Hartzog's a trip to Kansas. So he goes. He fears flying, a back door to the hearing room, goes in, modern approach to the natural world. but he goes. He speaks. He drinks. He grins takes one of the senators aside, and says .to Edward has caught a big channel cat. He guffaws. And he comes home with a him priv·ately, "You really hit the sciatic Hartzog is elated. "I told you to stop poor hearing (or the promise of one) that might nerve in there, Alan, and unless this commit mouthin' those cottonpickin' fish," he says otherwise not occur. He travels, too, as an tee gets this thing we'll probably get the to Buford. Edward draws the catfish into the evangelist for his causes. Wherever some short end of the stick again." shallow water. Sinister and spiky, it looks thing is up-Florida., Minnesota, Arkansas, When the Director of the N81tional Park like a drifting mine. "Be careful," Hartzog California--he goes to talk to farmers, free Service goes on a camping trip, survival in warns him. "He'll fin the daylights out of holders, Indians, or entrepreneurs and tries the wilderness is not an issue. His party on you." The big cat occasions a series of stories to show them what he wants to do, and the Buffalo consists of nine people, four of told by the rivermen about even bigger cat Why. "These things go slow," he says. "You whom SJ:e professional rivermen, paid to do fish caught in the Buffalo, in the Ohio, in don't make any converts at a big meeting. all the work. One is a full-time cook, and he the Mississippi, in the Arkansas. And the You have to get one man talking to one rides alone in the "commissary boat," which catfish series, in turn, leads to a sequence of man. The opposition always has the advan is crammed to the gunwales with food. Morn expanding stories about deer. Orville Ranck, tage at first, because a lie goes around the ings, the cook runS' on ahead, so that when who is tall, one-eyed, slim, and old, remarks world before the truth gets its brttches on. lunchtime comes and the other boats catch that it was he who shot the second-largest You've got to get the facts out onto the up with him he has already set up a tent fly deer ever shot in the United States. Preston table so the local people can see them." to create shade, a table and chairs are be Jones, brown and thin as a cowboy, looks Where the success or failure of all this neat.h it, and dozens of pieces of batter away. Jones is working on a Coleman stove effort is measured, of course, is on Gapitol dipped chicken are gurgling away in deep that he found a few hours ago, full of muck Hill, in hearing rooms, where Hartzog pre Ozark fat. At night, he fries multiple pork and sand. He knows who owned it--a couple sents and defends his programs. Now he gets chops or big individual steaks and covers the who were camping on an island in the river out of the car, tells the driver to waJit, and, meat with fried potatoes. His breakfasts com when the twenty-eight-foot rise occurred looking over his papers as he goes, hikes the pound cords of dark bacon with eggs and pan two weeks ago. The couple climbed a willow long corridors of the Senate Office Building. cakes fried in bacon grease. The cook's name and were clinging to its uppermost branches In the hearing room are folding chairs, is Karl Hudson. He is not light on his feet. when the sheriff of Marion County came carafes of water, maps of the Everglades, He has a. mustache, and he seems to radiate along in a search boat and made the rescue. and a raised platform where seven senators anachronism. He could be a wax museum's "Their eyes were like a treeful of owls," sit at a curvilinear table. idea of a cook in the Civil Wp;r. In fact, the Jones says. "Each time I think I have agreement with whole campsite seems to be ready for Mathew "When you camp on these rivers, you've the Army Corps of Engineers and the Central Brady. The big iron skillet. The tall black got to have land to your back," Hartzog and Southern Florida Flood Control District, coffeepot. The two wall tents. The folding comments. it turns out to be ashes in my mouth and cots. The canvas armchairs. The tent-fly "On the other hand," Jones tells him, papier-mache," Hartzog tells them. He speaks kitchen. The heavy iron stakes, The sledge "I've seen big bears come out of the woods strongly and colloquially, reviewing aspects hammer. here, fighting like hell." This occasions a of the training jetport and of the water sys The tents are pitched by the rivermen, who series of stories by the rivermen about enor tem of southern Florida. He also talks about set up the cots and carefully line the sleep mous bears they have known, and Hartzog fifty-eight thousand acres of inholdings-pri ing bags with white percale sheets. Tony throws in a story of his own about a bear in vate lands within Everglades National Park Buford pours a drink. There are worse things the Great Smoky Mountains. Two tourists that he would like Congress to condemn and in life than Scotch on the Buffalo. Buford were feeding this bear by the roadside when buy. What he says is clear and is obviously has had his way all day, for he finally suc a Cherokee drove up. (There is a Cherokee well prepared, and this, among other things, ceeded in disengaging Hartzog from the swol reservation just outside the park.) The has earned him the high regard of the men len river, persuading him to turn up the en Cherokee got out of his car, shot the bear, on the platform. They say that when he gines and shoot on downstream in antici put the bear in the back seat, and drove speaks he always knows what he is talking pation of better fishing on the morrow in the away while the tourists stood there With about, and that this puts him in something White. Every so often, the Buffalo drops their mouths open and popcorn in their of a minority among bureaucrats making enough to make a rapid-to leap with hay hands. appearances on the Hill. Hartzog has friends stacks, with gardens of standing waves. These Under Jones' meticulous attention, mi· and enemies in both houses and both parties, rapids would give a feel of the river to people raculous hand, the Coleman stove is sputter because, in the words of Congressman John in canoes, but the johnboats go through the ing with flame. Even its thinnest tubes were Saylor, of Pennsylvania., "he's willing to stand white water the way automobiles go across packed With the muck of the flood, but one up and fight-he has a healthy respect for wet pavement-no pitch, no roll, no river. of its burners is now blazing in yellow spurts. Congress, not a callous disregard, but he's Now, a.t the campsite, young Edward Hart Gradually, Jones works down the flame to a willing to stand up a.nd fight. Some days I zog is fishing for big channel cats. He is using hard copper bl'lie. Looking up, :fi.na.lly, he wouldn't trade him for anyone in the world, minnows. His father oa.lls to him, "Try a says, "Orville, tell us about the time you and some days I could kill him." warrum." Edward reels in his line and tries shot the second-largest deer in the United In 1969, when rumor spread that Hartzog a wa.rrum. He is in the second grade, and his States." was about to be replaced, congressmen and brother and sister are in college. Friends say "I can't see too well. I have only one good senators heated up in sufficient numbers to that when Edward was born Hartzog's age eye. I lost the other to a fishhook," Ranck evaporate the rumor. They think he is the went down ten years. e!Kplatns-and how this led to the second most industrious director the Park Service The family lives in an old remodelled largest- deer in the United States was a has ever had. They admire his effort to give farmhouse on a big lot surrounded by a rail simple matter of optics: anything smaller September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32385 would have escaped his attention. One fall, sure of his father's existence, remembering, as on the Marin Headlands of San Francisco. Ranck went to Meeker, Colorado, because he does with something just short of bitter He wants at least a dozen other military prin near Meeker is a narrow mountain pass ness, how his father's relatively good life cipalities as well, all close to cities, and all, through which thousands of Rocky Moun was suddenly knocked apart-his hope and in his view, being now given a mistaken tain deer move on their annual migration. eventually his health ibroken 'by the great eco priority. He thinks he could get the Depart So many of them go through there, Ra.nck nomic depression. When Hartzog, Sr., shipped ment of Defense out of Fort Hancock in two says, that they resemble driven cattle. They his watermelons to New York, the railroad years. Other difficulties would remain, even raise a dust cloud, Ra.nck crouched on agent sent him a bill instead of a check though. Reaching out as it does into tbA a ledge so close to the deer that he could freight costs for carrying produce that found mouth of the Hudson, ·sandy Hook catches a almost reach out and touch them, and to no market. The price of cotton dropped to five high percentage of what the river disgorges, improve his chances he had equipped his cents a pound-a figure lower than the cost and the beach near its tip is blemished with rifle with a large telescopic sight. All day, of picking and shipping it. So the Hartzogs' flotsam-plastic bags, plastic bottles, plastic he sat there looking point-blank at the deer cotton was left in the field, where cattle, in buckets, rusted cans, little bits of Albany, through the big lens, and finally he saw their hunger, ate it. The family had no money the tenth part of Troy, and hundreds of the great buck, the second-ever largest deer. at all. "For a dirt farmer who had been put acres of driftwood. When trees die in the Its tines were multiple and fine. Moving the out of business life became a very simple is Adirondacks, they go to Sandy Hook. Rangers crosshair across a wall of venison, Ranck sue: Did we have something to eat or didn't could take care of the cleanup, but not on stopped it just behind the animal's shoulder, we have something to eat? This was the pov an hourly schedule, and all that plastic would and he fired. The buck turned the second erty level of zero. My father became a se have to be stopped at its source. The Park largest somersault ever seen in the United vere asthmatic-a combination of pollen and Service thus joins, as it has all over the Stat es, and it lay on the ground, its four nerves. He did odd jobs, farming. He t ried to country, the general fight against pollution, legs kicking in the air. hang on, but he couldn't." One day when and not simply against things that float. The "How much did it weigh, Orville?" Hartzog came home from school, his father, feasibility of the Gateway project depends "Five hundred and twenty-two pounds." his mother, and his two younger sisters were on an optimistic view of what can be done Jones looks away. standing in the yard helplessly watching the about river and ocean pollution. Right now, Buford, who is unimpressed by deer of any house burn. A bed was all that had been re when striped bass are caught in the waters of size, says, "One thing that surprises hell out moved to the yard before the intense heat Sandy Hook they sometimes have fin rot, and of me on this river is that we haven't seen stopped further salvage. While the house was cataracts over their eyes. any snakes." burning to the ground, flaming debris fell on "In 1960, Congress said no to the arch. Any "I saw twenty-four today,'' Jones says. the bed and destroyed it. other Park Service ranger would have said, "You don't say. What kinds did you see?• Hartzog is walking on the beach at Sandy 'O.K. Where am I to be sent now? Back to "Mainly moccasins. Some cottonmouths." Hook. The big chopper is down and silent, but the Great Smokies? Out to Alaska to count "I grew up with cottonmouths and rattle- its high-frequency engine noise still rings in blankets?' But not George. He kept at it un snakes,'' Hartzog says. "Where I grew up, his ears. The wind is gentle, coming off the til funds were appropriated." you never stepped over a log. You stepped on ocean. The day is warm. Coney Island was " George was a lawyer. That's why they it, or you might wish you had." covered with people, but over here in New had him in St. Louis. The Park Service had In the Geechie section of the South Caro Jersey, Hartzog's party aside, there are only never built anything bigger than an out lina coastal plain, streams had names like two on this broad stretch of beach. They are house before." the Little Salkehatchie and the Hog Branch soldiers, sunbathing near their car, which has "When the arch was halfway up, the con of Buckhead Creek; swamps were called a Nebraska plate. The major part of Sandy tractor was losing money, so he stopped Tony Hill Bay, Bull Bay, the Copeland Drain; Hook is a military base, Fort Hancock-a work, saying the structure was unsafe. Two and the big Edisto River, an entrail of con thousand acres reaching out into New York legs, three hundred feet high, were sticking tinual oxbows, wed through marshlands Bay. Its huge, curving beach is spectacular, out of the ground. Hartzog said to the con miles wide. On the higher ground were pine with the open ocean in one direction and the tractor, 'Listen. I ordered an arch and I woods, small cleared farms, dirt roads, and skyline of the city in the other. Hartzog, in want an arch.' " every two miles a church-Beulah Church, his black suit, black shoes, looks like a "In the pecking order of park superintend preacher, -not a bather, and he starts to ents, the superintendent at St. Louis is not Bethel Church, Mount Olive Church, Taber preach. "The selfishness of the military in nacle Church. Reaching into the pinelands very high. I just spotted him immediately as terms of the recreational needs of people in a good leader, a driving type, full of en on a single track, trains of the Hampton & urban areas is unbelievable," he says. "It is Branchville Railroad stopped at hamlet thusiasm and interest. I met him on the pointless to lock up an area like this when Current River, in Missouri, in 1962. We were crossroads, and picked up turpentine and people need a little sun in their faces and rough-cut boards and the produce of the trying to make the Current a national river, water on their backs. Each of those soldiers and a group of us made a two-day float trip small farms. One place they stopped was over there has two miles of beach to himself." Smoaks. Hartzog was born in 1920, in there. George went on the trip. He and I rode Fort Hancock is prime duty. Soldiers bring in the same boat, and I felt that in those Smoaks. their girls here, and the couples get lost to His father was a dirt farmer who worked two days I really got to know him well. It gether on the enormous beach. Officers live was a situation of utter informality, height about a hundred and fifty acres and also in houses designed by Stanford White, A had a stand of loblolly pine. His grandfather ened communication. We went skinny-dip Nike tracking site is here. The general in ping at night. It was in September, and had farmed the same land. The house the charge of all Nike installations from Boston family lived in was paintless and weathered. chilly. But this was a group of outdoor peo A large porch wrapped around a front corner, to Philadelphia presumably could live any ple, who were in their element. The current and there was another porch off the kitchen, where he wished between the two cities, and was going to be the first national river. We in back. There was a pump in the yard, he has chosen Fort Hancock. Ospreys nest in hadn't done anything like it before. George between the house and the outbuildings the telephone poles, and herons in rookeries knew all the arguments, all the facts, al ·,he smokehouses, the chicken houses, the among the dunes. The central landmark is though the Current River is a hundred and barn. Hartzog's first school was a one-room the oldest operating lighthouse in the United fifty miles from St. Louis and the project buLding by the Edisto. Whenever he could, States. New Jersey rents a small piece of the was not part of his job. Later that year, I he fished the river for red-breasted perch, peninsula, at its landward end, from the heard he had quit the Park Service, because catfish, pike, and bream. At home, he learned Department of Defense. The rented area is he thought he had no future in it. I went to early to "plow a mule," and he helped his called Sandy Hook State Park and is the most St. Louis and looked him up and asked him father grow cantaloupes, cucumbers, water heavily visited park in New Jersey. People if he would come back and if he thought melons, col"n, green vegetables, and cotton. press in there by the thousands, but the being director was enough of a future. He His father was also a hunter and a fisher beach is quite narrow where it is open to the said, 'Mr. Secretary, I surely do.' " man, and he had a big sense of humor. He public, and the dunes behind it are green Hartzog is busy catching trout. This river could tell stories all day without repeating with deep growths of poison ivy. When the the White River-is everything Tony Buford himself. He sent his watermelons to New tide comes in, the ocean shoves the people said it would be. Cal Smith, the riverman, York and his cotton to Columbia, and before into the poison ivy. has to work hard to keep Hartzog's hook cov the DeprEssion the family had "cash in Hartzog, on the broad Army beach, con ered with corn. The bait is canned kernel come"-apparently as good a one as any tinues. "We've asked the military to sur corn. The boat is anchored in a broad patch farmer's in the area, for George Hartzog, Sr., render these lands for recreational use," he of dancing water. The corn drifts down was the first man in that part of the country says. "Beach land simply needs to be made through V -shaped rimes and, almost every to own a Model T Ford. After it was delivered available. The military usually claim that time, disappears into the mouth of a trout. to him, he drove it without knowing how. they have to have places like this for military The White River is the dream of thousands, He kept shouting "Whoa! Whoa!" at the ca.r recreation. They need it like a Buick needs who come from all over the United States to as it circled the farmhouse out of control. a fifth hole." Sandy Hook is almost the least fish it. It is broad, cold, clear, shallow, and "Whoa! Whoa." Finally, it wedged itself be of Hartzog's ambitions toward military land. frequently broken by the aerated rips that tween two trees. He wants Vandenberg Air Force Base. He seem to intoxicate trout. The White River Hartzog always signs his name "George wants the Aberdeen Proving Ground. He oomes out of Bull Shoals Dam, near Lake B. Hartzog, Jr.," although his father has been wants Quantico, Fort Belvoir, Eglln Air Force view, Arkansas. dead for many years. It is as if he were reluc Base, the Naval Air Station at Floyd Bennett The water impounded on the other side tant to add, however minutely, to the era- Field, and Forts Barry, Baker, and Cronkhite of the dam 1s so deep that it 1s very cold 32386 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 near the bottom, and it is this cold water thing more than an unpaid travelling preach !rom Lake Powell, in Utah, fill five barges that comes shooting out of the penstocks er, but he had to drop out of college after a week. "Learning how to pick up trash and forms the river, which is green and one semester for lack of money. better than anyone else is a significan,t beautiful and as natural as a city SJtreet. The He went home and worked at any jobs he achievement in itself." Hartzog says. In White River grows toward the end of the could find. He cooked and washed dishes in his view, the most heroic achievers in this day. Around 5:30 p.m., people start turning an all-night beanery. He pumped gas a.t an line are the trash gatherers of Coney Island, on lights, heating up ovens, and frying pork Amoco station. He typed forms and letters for and Hartzog from time to time sends his su chops in Fayetteville, Little Rock, Mountain the National Youth Administration. He perintendents there to give them a whiff of Home, Memphis. The• river rises. More peo worked around the clock. At night, he was the major leagues. ple, more pork chops-the river goes on busboy anC:. desk clerk at A. J. Novit's Lafay The skeletons of five six-story buildings rising. Turbines spin in Bull Shoal Dam. The ette Hotel. From 6 p.m. to 6 a.m., he watched and two fifteen-story buildings stand on peak comes when one million pork chops are the teletype machine for reservations com Breezy Point, above the trash. The Wagner sizzling all at once and the river is so high ing in, and he carried ba.gs when the people administration condemned these buildings it flows around the trunks of trees. Then it showed up. "In a service establishment, you when they were under construction, because starts going down. While Arkansas sleeps, learn a lot about human beings,'' he says. they represented an encroachment of high the river goes down so far that the trout have Novit paid him one dollar a night. rise upon a beach area. The Park Service to know where to go to survive. At 6 a.m., Hartzog had no idea that he was under plans to finish the two fifteen-story build a small creek is running through the river privileged. To the contrary, he felt lucky to ings and turn them into cultural centers and bed, viscous with trout. Then people start have encountered people who opened doors low-cost hostels. Beyond the skeletal build getting up in Fayetteville, Little Rock, Moun for him, first to the ministry and then to the ings, bent and tWisted chain-link fencing tain Home, and Memphis. The fatback hits law. He went on preaching. No one in his con topped with barbed wire separates the de the frying pans. Up comes the river, cold, gregations seemed to mind that a teen-ager veloped wasteland from the virginal dunes clear, fast, and green. Trout are not native was giving them the Word. He still preaches of Breezy Point. The ocean, pounding, is down here. There are no trout in the Buffalo. whenever he can, in churches around Wash· visible through the fence. Hartzog, in a gov They can live in the White River for a hun ington, and to his congregations he has ex ernment car, says he is allergic to chain-link dred miles below Lakeview because of there plained his work in the Park Service by say fencing and barbed wire and can't wait to frigerant effect of the dam. The trout are ing, "I feel that I am performing a mission get rid of it. The car swings around and into born in a federal hatchery near Norfolk, as necessary and constructive as a ministry." the Breezy Point Cooperative-twenty-eight where they are raised on dry meal. They are Hartzog has never seen anything quite hundred small one-story houses, on a com stocked in the White River-ninety-six thou like the Silver Gull Club, Beach 193, Breezy pact grid of streets. A third of the houses are sand trout a month in the summer-creating Point, Queens. This Wide, low structure equipped for year-round use. The cooperative what most of the sport fishermen who have rambles lumpily all over the beach and on covers four hundred and three acres in all, been here would call a paradise. Smith strings piles out over the ocean. The Park Service and its future is a sensitive political issue. In corn like pearls on Hartzog's hook, one kernel has learned something peculiar about the way Hartzog's brochure, the area now filled by the after another, completely covering the metal the people of New York use their beaches. Breezy Point Cooperative is designated as from eye to barb. Hartzog flips the bait On Coney Island, on Jones Beach, on Rock "creative open space." into the stream. Vapors rise from the cold away Beach, more than half the people pre The car turns onto Cross Bay Boulevard river. The line and the rod vibrate. It is fer never to put a toe in the ocean. The and moves toward the middle of Jamaica difllcult to tell whether the vibration is from Silver Gull Club caters to this majority. It Bay. "We're about out of the opportunity to the strike of a trout or the pull of the cur lifts its clientele above the ocean, and even set aside wilderness areas,'' Hartzog says. rent. Once more it is a trout. Hartzog reels above the beach. The waves of the Atlantic "What we need to do now is to set aside areas the fish in. It flips once to the right, once lap helplessly at the club's cantilevered un close to or in the cities. City people are dying to the left, and lolls by the boat as it is dersides. Abovedecks, there are three swim of social pollution, and t~y need room to netted. The trout is nine inches long. With ming pools, four hundred cabanas, and a move in." Park Service ptrojects like New a pair of forceps, Smith takes the hook out cocktail lounge called the Crystal Palace. York's Gateway are planned or are already of the fish's gullet. Then he re-beads the Families spend five hundred dollars per sea under development in Washington, St. hook with corn while Hartzog tells him son to go to the Silver Gull, where they can Louts, Los Angeles, San Francisco, Corpus about Hazel Creek in the GreaA; Smoky Moun be close to the ocean but free from contact Christi, Philadelphia, and Chicago. Rangers tains. "There hasn't been a stocked trout with the wild sea, and free from contact used to spend nine months of their one-year put oin that creek in three hundred years,'' with its gritty edges. training period assigned to a national park; he says. "Mountain people have been fishing This is outermost Queens, the middle of now they spend the same nine months in a Hazel Creek since European civilization city, and rangers and a.dministrators moved over here. And there's only been one the proposed Gateway National Recreation Area, and Hartzog's brochure indicates that throughout the system get a Lewis and Clark kind of trout in there, ever, e.nd those are feeling whenever they contemplate asphalt wild trout. I fish for the fun of fishing the Silver Gull and everything around it will someday be cleared away. The streets in that jungles and urban skylines. Their enthusi and .there's a real difference between a asm to bring the national parks to the people hatchery fish a.nd a wild fish. One good bass part of the city are largely deserted in win ter, and they are used as unofficial, illegal may entail the removal of some people---such out of the Buffalo would ibe worth more to as, quite possibly, the people CYf Broad Chan me than six hundred trout out of here. Tony dumps, where trucks make deposits in the dead of the night: rotting timbers from nel, an island community in Jamaica Bay. e.nd the boys can stay here if they want. Hartzog's car is cruising down the central I'm going back up to Buffalo." razed buildings, ash, smooth tires, shards of concrete, stripped and crumpled automo street of Broad Channel, past Audrey Mur Hartzog believes that he was the youngest biles-tons upon tons of junk. "One of the phy's Lounge, the St. Virgilius Parish Hall, preacher ever licensed in the state of South greatest things that could happen to this and dea.d-end streets that reach like fish· Carolina. ("The Lord has looked out for me country would be just to clean it up,'' bones into the bay. The people of Broad all my life.") He began preaching when he Hartzog says. Detritus is nothing new to Channel lease city land. They and their pred was sixteen, and the following year-1937- him. The national parks are for people, and ecessors have been there for over seventy he ofilcially became a llcensed local minister. people leave junk wherever they go. Park years. The community has a population of He preached all over the area-in Smoaks, in five thousand now-in a thousand houses, Cottageville, in Walterboro--and for a time rangers become so disgusted they can't wait for the season to end, so the people will go most of which are covered with tarpaper dec he was assistant minister at the Bethel Meth away from the parks. People throw trash over orated to resemble brick or stone. The outer odist Church in Spartansburg. He gave his most houses are on pilings. Sewage, sermons in Baptist churches, too. In that the rim of the Grand Canyon, the world's deepest and widest wastebasket. So much untreated, goes into the water. Ultimately, part of the world, a Baptist was defined as an the Park Service would like to depopulate educated Methodist. trash goes into the Grand Canyon that the view is smirched. For this reason, ranger Broa.d Channel altogether. Hartzog's family ha.d moved into Walter trainees are sent to Grand Canyon Na Adjacent to Broad Channel is the Jamaica boro when the farm failed at Smoaks. His tional Park to learn mountaineering. They go Bay Wildlife Refuge. Hartzog stops and takes father got a job as a ticket agent for the down on ropes and climb back up with a. walk. "This is the world's only wildlife Greyhound Bus Lines, and his mother be things that tourists throw over the rim. In refugt that has a subway station," he ob came county supervisor of W.P.A. sewing Yellowstone, visitors throw junk into the serves, and this is true: the IND stops there. rooms. A tall woman, severe and serious, she Moving along a sand trail with the midtown- seemed to believe fundamentally in work. thermal pools. The temperature of the pools 1s two hundred degrees. Rangers have Manhattan skyline in clear view, he sees "She worked hard. She pulled the fa.mlly to through. She believed you couldn't fail to rake out the junk. In Washington, D.C., peo egrets, bitterns, black ducks, ruddy ducks, a achieve anything if you just worked. She ple throw tires, washing machines, refrig muskrat, rabbits, quails, and phalaropes. encouraged me and instilled in me the re erators, mattresses, and automobiles into the More than two hundred and fifty species of sponstblllty for working." The law ultimately Potomac and the Anacostla Rivers. The Park birds inhabit Jamaica Bay, and various kinds attra.cted Hartzog as a. kind of practical re Service cleans up the mess with a thirty of mammals, and uncounted varieties o! placement for his first ambition, which was five-foot landing craft. The Park Service has fish. Jamaica Bay embarrasses the ecolog to spend his life in the ministry. In 1937, he used a scuba team to collect all the junk ical crisis. Jamaica Bay is in all likelihood entered Wofford College, in Spa.rtansburg, to that tourists throw into the Merced River, in one o! the most polluted bodies of water in study Methodist theology and become some- Yosemite Valley. Cans and bottles retrieved North America. It pulses with wildlife. September 17, 1971 EXTENSIO~S OF REMARKS 32387 A ranger walking with Hartzog says, "Those grass when it gets hot. We need more vistas you see everything," he says. "The most fellows out in Yellowstone didn't know what like a Buick needs a fifth hole. I don't think beautiful thing I have ever seen in a national they're missing." thiS is Paris. The strength and heart o1 park is snow falling into the Grand Canyon. "They haven't learned that all the wilder Washington is to reflect this country, which Reds, oranges, pinks, and browns come ness isn't in the woods," Hartzog tells him. 1s virile and informal and friendly." through the white snow. It falls quietly. It "Good Lord, what's that?" Alone again, Hartzog punches a button on really helps you sort out all of life." He is "That's a horseshoe crab," the ranger an the telephone console and says to his secre· silent for some minutes, watching the tip of swers. "It's one of the oldest forms of life." tary, "I want a copy of the language that his rod. "We're building a Museum of Im Hartzog slaps his way through a cloud of the Senate Public Works Committee passed migration inside the base of the Statue of mosquitoes, then stops to watch two Canada today." Liberty," he goes on. "Some of the things geese land in a freshwater pond that is iso Representatives of the Student Conserva young people are protesting about are the lated from the saline bay by grass-covered tion Association file into the office. Hartzog very things that brought people to this coun hummocks. Twenty minutes later, he regis settles into his armchair and lights a cigar try-personal involvement, achievement, ters at the Hotel Taft and sends the ranger No. 12, 7:20p.m., the last working smoke of commitment, the worth of the individual. out for a pint of whiskey. They have a drink the day. The Student Conservation Associa We haven't perfected the system. It's a good in Hartzog's room before going to Mamma tion is more or less a private, contemporary system. A birthright. Youth today has its op Leone's for dinner. version of the Civillan Conservation Corps. portunity in perfecting the system, not re Responding to the buzzer, Hartzog picks Its members labor for the Park Service, jecting it. 'Tear it down,' 'Burn it up' is the up his office telephone, speaks his name, Us building trails, building cabins. Hartzog antithesis of what they are trying to say. tens, smiles, and the smile widens into a watches them With a recruiter's eye, looking The same things motivate them that moti grin. He draws deeply on his cigar, No. 11 for rangers. Most of them are in high school, vated the people who established the sys today, blows out a billow of smoke, and at and he tries to nudge them toward his kind tem." the same time reaches for a fresh cigarette. of curriculum. "I'm looking for social scien Slowly, the tip of his rod bends towa.rd the He puts down the receiver, picks it up again, tists, not just natural scientists," he tells river, then nods rapidly, four times. an':1 asks his secretary to call various sena them. "It's not enough just to interpret the "Snag?" says the rlverman. tors. "We won the Everglades hands down,'' natural phenomena of Yellowstone. I want "No." he tells her. "Isn't that fabulous?" The people to staff big recreation areas near ur The line begins to run. Hartzog lets it Senate Public Works Committee has just put ban ghettos." One thing that emerges in this go. He feeds it out through his hand, wait the mark of Cain on the Army Corps of interview is that some members of the Stu ing, guessing, judging his moment. The line Engineers. dent Conservation Association are paid five runs out. Then Hartzog, after five and a half Hartzog calls the Secretary of the Inte hundred dollars a summer for doing the same hours of almost complete inactivity, makes rior, tells him the good news, chuckles once, work as Park Service seasonal employees who his move. He stops the line, lifts the rod, guffaws twice, wreathes himself in puffed are paid fifteen hundred dollars. Hartzog ex and sets the hook. The line is taut and moves smoke, and afterward says, "That man is plodes, picks up the phone, and orders that quickly across an arc of the river. It moves saltier th;an fat pork." a supplemental one thousand dollars be given back. It moves in, and he reels the slack. It An architect from Louisville is waiting to every student in such a situation. After tightens, and the rod bends, throbbing, to a outside the door. "He's got some ideas on the S.C.A. representatives leave, he blasts symmetrical U. The fish makes a final lateral how I ought to run Mammoth Cave, so I'm away at one of his assistants, who answers, dash, breaks the surface, and flies through going to let him come in here and tell me "But I staffed it out with Management and the air-deep cordovan brown With a broad how to run Mammoth Cave,'' Hartzog says. Budget, the Bureau of Outdoor Recreation, black tail, a two-and-a-half-pound wild "Send him in." the Department of Labor, and the Hill!" bass.-JOHN MCPHEE The architect is a tall man with a weath "You're missing my point--I'm not articu ered face, and the distillate of what he has to lating my point," Hartzog says. "I'm con say is this: "There's a commercial hub de cerned about these youngsters. What they're veloping on your periphery down there, and trying to say to us, if they're trying to say CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM JENNINGS it's all junk and crud." anything, is that the Establishment is a BRYAN DORN SPEAKS TO THE 53D The Park Service owns land in something bunch of hypocrites, and I kind of agree with NATIONAL CONVENTION OF THE like a five-mile radius around the entrance them." AMERICAN LEGION to Mammoth Cave. Near the property line- There is a buzz in the console. One of his as on the edges Of many parks--honky-tonk calls to the Senate Office Building has gone agglomerates. "I talked to those people down through. He picks up the phone, and says, HON. OLIN E. TEAGUE there about zoning,'' Hartzog says." 'Zoning?' "Senator, I just called to say I deeply ap OF TEXAS they said. 'Zoning?' I had the impression preciate what happened on that south-Flori that I was in a foreign land." da vote. I detected your fine hand in there, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mammoth Cave is so mammoth that it and ..." Thursday, September 16, 1971 reaches underground even beyond the boun All afternoon, he has been on the Buffalo daries of the park. The architect now tells under five-hundred-foot cliffs, catching Mr. TEAGUE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, Hartzog that surface pollutants from the nothing and caring less. A hawk swoops the American Legion recently concluded junk and crud of the commercial hub are across the blazing sun. It is a day of high, its annual national convention in Hous seeping down into the cave. Hartzog thanks thin cirrus and pale-blue sky. "Look at that the architect for this unattractive news, and ton, Tex. During the proceedings of this old buzzard sashaying around," Hartzog says convention, the vice chairman of the for alerting Washington to still another to Cal Smith. "Now he's just a speck a-riding threat to the environment--speleological away. My Lord, what a beautiful place this is I Committee on Veterans' Affairs, the Hon pollution. We need this river real bad, and we're going orable WILLIAM JENNINGS BRYAN DORN, Three men from the General Services Ad to have to get it. There ought to be some of South Carolina, addressed the mem ministration come in, ushered by one of Hart thing around those bushes, Cal." bers of the major commissions of the zog's assistant directors. The General Serv "Well, there sure had ought to be. This is American Legion. BRYAN DoRN is one of ices Administration is about to demolish the a pretty deep pocket back down through the greatest Members to serve in the office buildings on Constitution Avenue that he:t:e." were put up as "temporary" structures House of Representatives, and he has Smith puts a crawdad on Hartzog's hook, been especially effective in his service on during the First World War. The three men and Hartzog releases a high, soft shot toward try to make a deal with Hartzog fC1r a small the bushes. Splat. the Veterans' Affairs Committee. Not only piece of land they would like to use for a is he vice chairman of the full commit U-turn for trucks. "That's like trading a Thirty minutes go by. Nothing whatever happens. tee, he is chairman of the all important bucket of coal for two buckets of ashes," Subcommittee on Compensation and Hartzog says. "I gave that up when I left the "There ought to be something where that little stream comes in there, Cal." Pension which oversees a $6-billion an Ozarks. I want a quid pro quo. If you help nual program affecting more than 3 mil me get the entire U.S. Congress off my back "Well, there sure had ought to be. There's by opening another access to the Key Bridge, always a pretty deep pocket in there by lion veterans and their dependents. This I'll happily give you your U-tum." When the those little streams. There must be· an old is the largest single program in the VA office buildings go down, the Park Service boy out there huntin' and makin' the rounds budget. Congressman DoRN is also a Will take over the land they now stand on. lookin' for crawdaddies. I just know it." ranking member of the Subcommittee on The assistant director says that lawns Will Another crawdad sails through the air. .Hospitals which oversees a $2-biillon pro_ fill the space. "The hell they will,'' Hartzog Splat. Thirty minutes go by. Nothing hap gram which treats ~ wounded, sick, and says. "Nat Owings wants to put l"'6e gardens pens. Hartzog talks, almost to himself, about disabled veterans. The average daily pa and a restaurant there. The last thing we his parks. He talks about the big trees in tient census in VA hospitals is almost need in downtown Washington is more grass. Sequoia in the early morning, about the We've got grass coming out of our ears in eerie moods in the rain forests of the Olympic 85,000. Nearly 850,000 veterans receive this city, and 1n summer we let it turn Peninsula, and about rangers' airboats in the inpatient care annually under this pro brown. We're up to our noses in horticul• Everglades--the worst way to see the park. gram. Over 8 million receive outpatient turists who don't know enough not to water "You've got to be still, and in being stlll care. 32388 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 Mr. Speaker, BRYAN DoRN has a most direct housing loan bill for veterans. It is a doctor so he could go into the community. comprehensive insight into our veterans' difficult for some of us to understand why ~n another county they subsidized with bl · other housing programs, with a subsidy in state and county funds the salary of a doctor program and veterans' pro ems In gen- them, should be expanded and more money to minister to the people who lived 20 to 25 eral which is reflected in the address he appropriated for those programs, while the miles from any other doctor. This is a prob made to the Legionnaires in Houston. I funds for direct housing loans to veterans has lem throughout the United States. It affects am pleased to include the text of his been impounded, and we hope this legisla medical care for veterans. In some areas we remarks at this point in the RECORD: tion will pry loose this money which I think cannot get people to move to them. In others ADDRESS OF CONGRESSMAN WILLIAM JENNINGS iS urgently needed in a program Which has we have a sufficiency of doctors, technicians BRYAN DoRN saved the federal government $218 million, and nurses, but in some of our VA hospitals not a subsidy at all but a program which this is the greatest problem, to get people (Remarks of Congressman WILLIAM JENNINGS makes money for the government. to come into those communities. So we have BRYAN DoRN, South Carolina, vice chair- You know about our cemetery bills. we passed a bill and hope it will be adopted by man, House Committee on Veterans' Af- have several of them before the Committee. the Senate which will be a pilot program. If fairs, and chairman of its Subcommittee We have been conducting hearings about the it works we may do it in other places. Five on Compensation and Pension, to a joint national cemeteries, and as you well know, new medical schools will be established meeting of the Economic, Legislative, and those who are buried in national cemeteries somewhere in the United States to be decided Veterans' Affairs and Rehabllitation Com- lived at one time ar another within 50 miles by the Veterans Administration, in conjunc missions of the American Legion, meeting of the national cemetery, so the vast majority tion with the VA hospital siinilar to what in Houston, Tex., August 27, 1971) of American veterans who pass on are not happened in Shreveport, La. Instead of wait I welcome this opportunity to be presented affected by the national cemetery, or do not ing two years they got the medical school to a great group of Legionnaires by Clarence request to be buried there. We are consider planned and opened and in two years had the Horton, Chairman of your Legislative Com- ing several other bills to expand the national first class registered because they had some mission. I am glad to see my friend Bill cemeteries. It would take vast sums of money, surplus room at the VA hospital there. I Ayres, former member of the House Commit- so we are thinking about other legislation, believe this program is necessary. I believe tee on Veterans' Affairs, from Ohio-we sat perhaps another national cemetery at Manas it will work, and I hope it will become law on the Committee for many years and I know sas, Virginia, near Washington, plus one in and we shoulder this responsibility of keep of his dedication to the veterans of our coun- each state, or in regions. The Chairman has ing our program vital and alive for the try, and the long hard hours he put in on a bill which would allot the veteran more veterans of this country. I think this will be that Committee. than the present burial allowance, permitting a step in the right direction. This bill also Our Committee on Veterans' Affairs is per- a veteran to be buried at a place closer home. calls for $15 million annually over a 6-year haps the most nonpartisan Committee in the This is one of the issues before the Veterans period to help existing medical schools in Congress of the United States and I am Committee being hotly debated throughout conjunction with VA hospitals. It is not pleased for that because you get to know the country. There is no more room at Arllng solely confined to new medical schools, but Members of the other party there better than ton National Cemetery. Something has to be to help old medical schools as long as they in any other Committee. Their chief concern done. This does have the urgent attention of are in conjunction with a VA hospital. This is for the veterans of this country, their de- the Veterans Affairs Committee. I think is a good program. pendents, and in keeping America strong. On You know what we have done in the House Another bill we have passed this year con that Committee you learn to love these men of Representatives about state nursing cerns a problem affecting the whole nation regardless of their party. homes-made it possible for veterans to stay drug abuse. We have had it brought to our Commander Chamie's presentation of the longer, and in private nursing homes, and attention in a forceful manner these last few American Legion's legislative program to the I think this is only just, because many of months. Something had to be done with Veterans Affairs Ccmmittee was truly out- our veterans are in a state where they can 50,000 veterans-----and that is a very conserva standing, and he is making one of the grea.t- not be moved in and out. tive estimate~addicted to hard di"ugs,largely est National Commanders in the history of we have this year appropriated more as a result of service overseas for our coun the American Legion. money for nurses, doctors, and have re- try. I maintain that a man or woman who I bring you greetings from Chairman cruited several thousand doctors under that is addicted to drugs or became addicted Teague. He is a grea<; chairman, as you know, increased appropriation and nurses and while in the service of his country, under doing an outstanding job in the Congress, technicians, to keep our veterans hospital extenuating circumstances quite often, such and has been chairman of the Committee program going. You are aware, of course, as the mud, filth and mire of a country like during the greatest era in the history of vet- of the assault being made almost constantly South Vietnam, with casualties going on erans legislation, an era known as the Era of on our veterans hospital and medical care night and day without even seeing the the Veteran. He has perhaps pioneered m0re program. We have the finest program in the enemy-I can well understand a man who legislation through the Congress, with the world, and it should be maintained at aver becomes addicted; he is just as sick as one able assistance of men like Bill Ayres, than age dally patient census-85,000 beds. Con with mal other problems related to it. I do hope it with demonstrators. Many of the young noble purpose. I am proud to be a Legion will beoome law, and we can trea..t these Legionnaires forget-you had your problem naire, to be associated with your efforts for people who were wounded in service in this with demonstrators in St. Louis in May 1919 America, for tomorrow, for God and country. fashion mentally and physically. when they jumped on the platform and tried I even go further and say that some day to keep The American Legion from being we will have to face the problem of alco organized because you were for God and holism and provide for the treatment of a Country. There are a lot of people against POWER INDUSTRY MAKING PROG veteran who became an alcoholic. I know ot God and Country. They had to be physical men in combat who never touched a drink ly ejected by force from the platform in RESS IN REDUCING POLLUTION but under those same extenuating circum St. Louis before you could be organized. stances he might become addicted to alco They were not satisfied with that. A few holism. Certainly he should be treated be months later, on November 11, 1919, at your HON. JENNINGS RANDOLPH cause he was wounded in that fashion by first national convention in Minneapolis, OF WEST VIRGINIA his service to his country. they caused trouble, and on that same day, IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES Many problems face the Committee. You in Centralia, Washington, four Legionnaires have the problem of inflation. I am sup were killed as they marched down the street Friday, September 17, 1971 porting the President in his efforts to curb unarmed on Armistice Day. Mr. RANDOLPH. Mr. President, I con inflation, because inflation is the gTeatest So there was a lot of opposition then to tinue to be gratified by the progress made enemy I can think of in veterans benefits, The American Legion even being organized. by American industry in reducing pollu compensation, pension and annuities. You I see those same elements at work in Amer provide for a certain scale one year, and ica today. Some of them criticize The Ameri tion. Hardly a day passes that I do not within a year it is destroyed because of the can Legion; some of them indicate or try to see evidence of responsive action by in insidious evil effects of inflation. We must say you are the organization that wants to dustry in our national effort to eliminate make the American dollar count in veterans take over America. Nothing could be further the unnecessary contamination of the affairs, and I might say in national defense. from the truth. The American Legion is the air we breath and the water we drink. Right here I want to commend The Amer greatest organization that I know of in the The electric power industry, on which ican Legion. You not only have come up world today for peace, for stability, for law many heavy demands are being made to with a program for veterans, widows and and order, to preserve the liberty and freedom increase the supply of available elec orphans, but you have consistently since for all of our people. Look at Boys State, Boys tricity, is hard at work to meet these 1919 advocated measures for a strong na Nation-! have never seen finer work being tional defense which, in my opinion, had done in Americanism than is being done by demands without contributing further to they been adopted by the Congress, would The American Legion. Your oratorical con our national pollution problems. At the have prevented World War II. They put our test; American Legion junior baseball, the same time, this vital industry is making fleet in mothballs, and they courtmartialed, Legion leading youth. People talk about com substantial strides to reduce pollution or tried to courtmartial, Billy Mitchell for municating-you have involved them, you from its existing plants. A recent news saying that a bomb could sink a battle are working with them, and they are going story in the Dominion-News of Morgan ship, and it took Pearl Harbor to prove to meet the challenges of tomorrow in the town, W.Va., reported on progress made what he had been saying for 20 years. The same fashion you met the challenges of our American Legion in every national conven country in this last generation. Over 60% by the Allegheny power system to comply tion since 1919 has advocated a strong na of all major league ball players in the United with air pollution regulations of the State tional defense. When Hitler was building his States played on your junior teams. The of West Virginia. This is a further ex Panzer and Stuka dive bombers we had American Legion can be proud, and I chal ample of the efforts to which industry is one bomber at West Point. We were saved lenge each of you to go home when this con going to reduce pollution. by the ocean, and we had two or three vention is over and get more and more Mr. President, I ask unanimous con years to build, which put America back in people in the Legion. sent that this article, written by George the defense business. Next time you won't The GI Bill: talk about legislation! In A. Crago, and published in the Dominion have five minutes. The American Legion is all the history of the world in any country again fighting today at a time when there this was the greatest investment in tomorrow News, be printed in the RECORD. are those who are seeking to disarm this which you supported and helped fight There being no objection, the article country. Inflation not only hurts the vet through Congress. Ten million American men was ordered to be printed in the REcORD, eran but it hurts national defense. We ap arid women were trained under the GI Bill, as follows: propriate a defense dollar one day and it at a cost of $19 billion. I remember some of ALLEGHENY POWER PLANS ANTI-POLLUTION is eaten up by inflation the next day. So the folks after World Warn said this would DEVICES viet Russia does not have that problem. lead to socialism, put education in the hands (By George A. Crago) When they appropriate a dollar it goes into of the government. We appropriated $19 bil national military hardware, and tbat puts us lion, 10 million men and women were recipi Allegheny Power System is making plans at a tremendous disadvantage with inflation. ents of that benefit, and already it is esti to bring the Albright Power Station in Pres You heard what was said about the Sixth mated they have paid back into the federal ton County in compliance with state regu Fleet in the Mediterranean and losing con treasury approximately one billion dollars lations on fly ash and sulphur dioxide gases, trol of the seas in the world. I could not more than they would have had they not a spokesman for the electric utility said yes think of anything more tragic to our na been educated, by increased income. This is terday. tion, which is a small country compared t!le best piece of business in the history of Ray Purdum, manager of the Al·bright sta to Russia and India, to the survival of this the world, government or otherwise. Most of tion, said, "We intend to install equipment country and the cause of freedom all over these people are home owne-rs today. I did not or make necessary changes in Albright Power the world, so you really have your work mention local taxes, church dues, etc. which Station operation so that the stack emissions cut out for you. they pay. One billion dollars into the United will conform to West Virginia air pollution I was glad to see you have 2,700,000 mem States treasury more than they would have regulations." bers-! wish you had 10 million members; paid had we not made that original 19 billion West Virginia's regulations governing pow it would be t he greatest factor for peace. dollar investment, and that is only the be er stations are expected to be announced You hear people talking about peace-peace ginning, because the average age is 52. within the next six months, the utility signs, flower signs. The only real force that Let's get more of these Vietnam veterans spokesman added. you can have to preserve and insure reace to take advantage of the bill we have for Purdum disclosed that preliminary engi is to be strong. Yet today they tell me them. They talk about unemployment, lack neering tests and studies are now being con that in the first strike we would be at a of jobs. We have this GI program. We are ductt\d at Albright to determine what disadvantage in the Sixth Fleet alone, the making every effort-the Committee and the changes in the station may be necessary to number of ships that would be sunk in five Veterans Administration-to see that these meet state emission standards. Albright sta minutes. This is true in the Indian Ocean, veterans are properly informed about it over tion went into operation in 1952. and around the world. We must keep this seas and upon their discharge. It is a prob The station manager said tha.t engineers nation prepared to prevent World War III, lem. We want them to take advantage of it, from Allegheny Power Service Corp. have in and to preserve the peace. It is hard to get and the widows and dependents who are stalled sampling devices to measure the this through to people who would destroy eligible. amount of solids and gases that remain in the armed forces. You cannot ask people Again I want to thank you and say how the station's exhaust after they pass through to do right and expect them to. They are proud I am to be associated personally with dust collecting devices now in use. looking for an opening, for weakne&s. The Albright is owned jointly by Monongahela greatest challenge to you and the American an organization which has no ulterior mo tive, an organization which is for Goa and Power Co., and the Potomac Edison Co. Those people is to make this nation supreme on the two firms and West Penn Power Co. make sea and in the air and in space so that we country and for the veteran and his widow up the Allegheny Power System. can be a factor in preserving peace and pre and orphan, to try to seek justice and mercy Allegheny Power Service is responsible for venting war which would destroy the world. for these people in time of peace who fought engineering at Allegheny member facilities, I want to say this to The American Le· so gallantly on the battlefields of the world including Albright. gion. I remember you had your problems anc:t on the sea and tn the air. You have a Allegheny Power said the West Virginia 323.90 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 A1r Pollution Control Commission is expect what effi.ciencie.s may be required later could [From the Washington Post, Sept. 17, 1971} ed to issue regulations for power plants by result in extremely costly modifications of next Jan. 31, along with a date for com that system." FED To BEGIN TRADING GOVERNMENT pliance. COncerning the new state regulations, Pur SECURITIES "One Of our problems,'' Purdum .said, "is dum said that ·•we will be as anxious as any The Federal Reserve Board said yesterday that we do not know specifically what thesb citizen of Preston County to have Albright its open market committee will begin buying regulations will require." station meet these regulations." and selling securities issued by federal agen Once the regulations are published and a. A group of citizens some months ago cies other than the Treasury Department. compliance date 1s set, the engineers will picketed the plant in protest against fiyash Five years ago Congress gave the Fed the proceed ·to complete the necessary changes emissions and gas exhausts at the Albright authority to make such purchases. at Albright, the station manager stated. station. Rep. Wright Patman (D-Tex.) , chairman How permissible sulphur dioxide l1m.lts of the House Banking and Currency Commit wlll be measured under the stalte regulations tee, said the Fed decision, while belated, will wm serve as the criteria. They may be FED SABOTAGES THE FREEZE be of assistance to the housing, expott, and measured at the point of emission from the agriculture industries. stack, or the check could be made at ground The Fed, on its part, said 1t was not mak level, it was explained. HON .. JOHN R. RARICK ing the move in order to support "individual Untt No. 3, the largest at Albright, was sectors of the agency market,'' or to channel the first generating unit in the Monongahela OF LOUISIANA funds into issues of particular agencies. Power service area to have an electrostatic IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Many government agencies, such as the precipitator installed. Thursday, September 16, 1971 Federal Home Loan Bank Boord, issue notes The collection of fiyash from stacks has and securities such as making loans to sav been greatly improved in recent years and Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, recent re ings and loans associations. Moves to broaden the precipitator at Albright is no:t as effi.cienrt; ports of the Secretary of the Treasury's the market for these notes have received sup as later models, Purdum noted. strong stand against the demands of the port from Congressional and industry He said Fort Martin Power Station north sources. of Morgantown has an effi.ciency of 99 per IMF and his refusal to accept their The open market committee buys and sells cent. planned agenda to devalue the dollar government securities with a view to control Uni.ts No. rand No.2 at Albright now have mislead the American people into believ ling monetary aggregates. For example, when mechanical flyash collectors. ing that the financial institutions are it wishes to contract the money supply, it di Purdum said high stacks help to minimize serious about combating inflation and rects the New York Federal Reserve Bank to ground level concentrations of gases. He add observing the President's wage-price sell securities thus sopping up funds banks ed that stations with high stacks usually freeze. might otherwtse lend. meet federal standards for ground level sul Many have already forgotten that the Nearly all open market operations are in phur dioxide concentrations. Treasury securities. The Fed has about $65.7 High stacks take gases above the inver President beat the international money billlon of Treasury obligations in its open sion level where they are dispersed and di people to the punch by detaching the market account, a spokesman said. There are luted by air currents. Ground level concen U.S. dollar from gold and allowing it to a total of about $162 billion marketable trations of sulphur dioxide are avoided .float, thus in all practicality devaluing Treasury securities outstanding today. through thts method. the U.S. dollar before the IMF demands. The spokesman said about two-thirds o:t Removal of gases from the exhaust poses Unfortunately, the international bank the roughly $47 billion in agency securities another problem. Sw1·tching to low-sulphur ers are only playing politics with the outstanding would be eligible for purchase fuel is the best oand most practical method under guidelines the Fed put out yesterday. of eliminating exhaust gases, but Purdum American spirit and determination. However, only 10 percent of any agency issue said "low sulpllur coal is not readily available While wages and prices are frozen-while outstanding may be purchased by the open in the Albright area nor 1s i•t avall&ble else the individual American citizen is vol market committee, the guidelines said. where except at a premium price." untarily tightening his belt in a valiant It will not purchase any issue in the sec The station manager anticipated that "low effort to save the American economic ondary, or resale market, until at least two sulphur fuel oil could likely be a. substitute system from possible destruction that weeks after issuance. All open market com for the coal now being used at Albright in mittee operations are in the secondary has been brought on by gross govern market. case local coals are not acceptable under the mental overspending-the Federal Re new regulations." Patman, in his statement yesterday, said Allegheny Power and other utUities along serve Banking System announces it will Congress should consider giving the Fed au w1tlh coal oompa.n·ies and numerous research begin trading, buying, and selling, in thority to "purchase directly from agencies" organizations are seeking feasible methods to securities issued by Federal agencies rather than having to go through th& remove sulphur dioxide and other gases from other than the Treasury Department. "dea.ler tollgate" of the secondary market. furnace ~a usts. Such a practice can only be inflation The Fed wants to confine its open market. Removal of such gases ca.n now be ac ary; it can only establish more paper operations to affecting money aggregates, not. complished in the laboratory and some pro credit. The Fed during these crucial to stimulating aggregates, not to stimulating grams have reached the pilot pls.nt stage specific credit markets. It said its new au where tests are made under actual operating times now decides to use its power to thority is aimed at both widening the base ol conditions. Full size demonstration units issue paper money to purchase Govern the system's open market operations and add also are under construction, Purdum said. ment agency securities-a practice that ing breadth to the market for federal agency Both wet and dry "scrubbing" processes are can only create more printing press issues. being researched and efforts are being ma.de money and spur inflation as well as push to remove sulphur from the coal prior to its this Government further and further [From the Washington (D.C.) Evening Star.. being burned. Conversion of coal to oil and into debt. Likewise, dumping additional Sept. 17, 1971] gas also is being studied. paper money into the economy during UNITED STATES, NINE NATIONS SPLIT ON Purdum said use of on instead of coal MONETARY CRISIS would create an economic problem and that the period of the ''freeze" can only have miners "now employed by the mines furnish the effect of devaluing the outstanding (By Andrew Borowiec) ing coal to APS stations would be seriously currency by circumventing the Presi LONDON.-The world monetary crisis deep affected by the switch to an alion here. Minister Chou Shu-kai is here today con No American official has said on the record ferring with Rogers before going on to the Joe used the same perception he applied that American resolutions will specify Peking U.N. opening. to covering page one stories for the Plain Dealer in writing this article. It gives in for the Security Council seat. Yet Secretary Discussion at tod.ay's meeting was to cen siders the impression the Plain Dealer can of State William P. Rogers has given broad on this substantive resolution, officials ter dish it out, but not take it. hints in that direction and U.N. diplomruts sadd. But the other part of the package, a are virtually unanimous that the American procedural resolution, is also vital to the As far as My Laiis concerned, it seems en effort has no chance of success if it does not American strategy. tirely plausible that the confusion and lack give the seat to Peking. of strong leadership described in the story This ca.lls for the General Assembly to Neither Bray nor U.S. sources here would is the same kind of decision-making that rule that expulsion of the Nationalist gov probably led My Lai. The mistakes and predict which countries, or how many, would ernmerut is an "importa.rut question"-there to uncertainty expressed in the article se~m sur aotually attend the Thursday meeting, by reqUJ!.rl.ng a two-thirds majority to pass. though sources here said, "We will be hear prisingly similar to the events described by ing a lot of people we haven't heard from." u.s. officiaa reason that a.t least 60 of the men who took part in My La.i. What do you Attendance will be a key to likely cosponsors. 127 U.S. members that have diplomatic re think? The Americans still want Japanese cospon lations with Taiwan will want to retain that sorship, but diplomats here said they would government in the United Na.td.ons. They are The question is, of course, rhetorical. be surprised if they get it. hoping tl:ta.t stllll other governments will find The implictions are not. Society casti the new U.S. resolution on a Peking seat in Both here and in Washington, U.S. officials gates the Eszterhas, the HaeberlP. but have insisted that Peking may be willing to both Security Council and General Assembly f&ir enough to prevent a vote for total ex not the ethics which create a Mylai. come to the United Nations even if Taiwan pulsion of Tad.wan. Perhaps because it is simple to identify remains, despite Peking's repeated public Stalte Department press officer Chat:les W. an individual rather than any single statements to the contrary. They have of component of the bureaucracy or the fered no evidence but has suggested that Bray m said yesterday the American posi Peking might disguise any willingness to be tion on the important question vote "is a military, it is easier to aim at the her "flexible" on the matter. very strong one, we have a very good chance etics-the persons who point out the Both Taiwan and Albania, two of the prin to win and we will make every effort to do tragedies-rather than at the causes for cipal aruta.gonists in the China debate, as so." tragedy themselves. sert that Peking means what it says and will He sa.id the "basic objective" is to retain At any rate, I urge my colleagues to not come to the United Nations if there is a seat for Nationalist China, and that "all our tactics and the position we eventually read this important article: any sort of dual represenaltion. Both coun [From the Evergreen, October 1971] tries have distributed press releases here with take, will have this objective as a purpose." the full teJOt of a statement to this effect by The chief American target is an Algerian THE SELLING OF THE MYLAI MASSACRE the.Peking Foreign Ministry-Taiwan as part Alba.nian resolution which combines admis (By Joe Eszterhas) of its propaganda against any admission of sion of Peking with a blanket expulsion of Ronald L. Haeberle really hoped the pic Peking and Albania as part of Lts drive Taiwan. Oommunist China has said repea.ted tures wouldn't cause anybody any trouble. against dual representation. ly in public that it will not join the U.N. He was a photo major at Ohio University, While the Americans still sought cospon so long as the Nationalists remain. an average upper-middle-class nice guy, sors, the Albanian resolution found, its 19th But yeslterday, for the :first time, Bray essentially apolitical, not the type to plan co-sponsor last week-Nepal. Both the 19 suggested offici:a.lly tha.t Peking might be very far ahead, but confident that some and the Americans have apparently agreed come "more flexible" if the General Assem where up the road was a split-level life in that though they will be fighting for priority, bly accepts the American resolutions. He did the suburbs, a wife active in the PTA, chil the fight should not start until after the as not preserut any evidence of this however. dren going to Sunday School. sembly's general debwte, probably in the When he got drafted, after basic training middle of October. he found that instead of making him a photographer, the army was making him an THE UNITED STATES FOR PEKING ON U.N. THE SELLING OF THE MYLAI engineer. He did not like the prospect of COUNCIL MASSACRE being an engineer, especially with a war going on, and he launched a campaign of (By George Sherman) flattery. He took pictures of his officers and The Nixon administration has decided to their wives and girlfriends in his spare time, endorse Communist China for the key Chi HON. RONALD V. DELLUMS presented the pictures to them as gifts (of a nese seat on the U.N. Security Council in OF CALIFORNIA Trojan nature, as it turned out), and hoped hopes of preserving Nationalist Chinese IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that his true talents would be recognized. membership elsewhere in the United Na The campaign finally paid off in Hawaii, in tions. Thursday, September 16, 1971 the nick of time, three weeks from engineer A meeting in New York today was expect Mr. DELLUMS. Mr. Speaker, by now status in Vietnam. He was made an omc1a1 ed to reveal how many other governments most of the world is familiar with the army "combat" photographer. wlll join in sponsoring the new American Not the medal-of-honor sort, he spent most package of resolutions on Chinese member gruesome details of the Mylai mas of his time in Vietnam shooting sugar-and ship. Thirty-eight countries, including Ja sacre; few people know the story be~d molasses-barracks public relations photos: pan, have been invited to the U.S. Mission the release to the public of those details. Gis handing Vietnamese kids Hershey bars; for the meeting by U.S. Ambassador George In the current issue of Evergreen mag. bloodied medics saving blond, blue-eyed W.Bush. azine, a former Clevela•1d Plain Dealer Nebraskan lives. But two weeks, before his September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32395 Vietnam tour was to end, bushwhacked by nals. Ron said he was sorry and the em After a while he tore himself away from his some stray Robert Capaesque notion of jour settled for the duplicates. maps of the moon and came into the photo nalistic heroism, no Man magazine tales to He and one of the agents kept drinking. studio and looked at those technicolored tell in front of the suburban hearth, he and Near the end of their evening, half-stiff, the clumps of bodies. a friend, Jay Roberts, an army combat corre agent looked at him bleary-eyed, a southern "Jesus Christ," he said. "---, man, this spondent, volunteered for a mission they jaybird, and said: "You were right, kid. Don't is great stuff." understood would be a "hot one." He took give those slides to anybody. You can sell "Well,'' I said, "what about the moon two cameras: an army Nikon with black~ that--- for a million bucks." walk?" and-white film, and a personal black market Ron thought about that, but only in his "--- the moonwalk,'' he said, "it's just Nikon with color film. He and Roberts took daydreams. In September he was more con a routine moonwalk." their little early-morning helicopter ride. cerned that the army still hadn't paid him The Plain Dealer, in its unfilnching quest He knelt next to Gls fl.rlng tracer bullets the $10.46 slide-duplicating costs and he for a Pulitzer Prize or a mention in Time's into babies, watched heads pop off like decided to send them another bill. Then, in press section, didn't pay even pennies for jumping beans, snapped sequences of the October, Seymour Hersh of the Dispatch information-though it did deduct pennies clumps of bodies, ate lunch a few miles down News Service started writing about the al from the paychecks of temporary summer the road, fiew back to his base, and handed leged massacre in the place called Mylai, employees who charged too much for mileage. over the rolls of film taken with the army and Ron Haeberle started thinking more seri The Plain Dealer turned down an exclusive camera. He kept the color films. It was a ously about the million bucks the em agent account of the Pueblo incident, offered for good day for photography: the light was had told him about. He didn't want to cause one thousand dollars. Tom Vall, its publisher, fine, the sun was perfect, the shadings were anybody any trouble, but the way he figured is a peripatetic, periscopic guy. Newsweek excellent. it, he wouldn't be the one blowing the whis once said he looked more like F. Scott Fitz Two weeks later, his whopping war story tle. Sy Hersh had already done that. It gerald than a publisher. His use of "terrific" encapsuled in memory, he ended his tour of wasn't like he'd be ratting on anybody. has gained national attention. He endorsed duty, left Vietnam. and went back to Ohio. 2. I got a call one afternoon at my desk Richard Nixon, albeit reluctantly, and en The son of a mid-management steel com at the Plain Dealer from Ron Haeberle, who thusiastically endorsed the Nixon kitchen: pany executive, he toured the Ohio Kiwanis said he thought he might have a story for "The food is 1::.1per and under President NiXon and Lions Club noonday circuits and pre me. He said he wanted to come up to the we are back to the best French wines." sented his slide spectacular after lukewarm oftlce to talk about something too private Considering all the Plain Dealer's inbuilt roast beef dinners. for the phone. I figured he was a crank. I handicaps, Ron and I mapped out a plan. "Vietnam: As One Veteran Saw It!" was said that was fine, except I didn't have time Let the Plain Dealer carry some of the pic the way the Kiwanians advertised his lec to chit-chat. I was right on deadline, doing tures and the story, and the million bucks tures. He showed the slides of the Gls hand a story about a Czech Apache. would be sought elsewhere. The Plain Dealer ing Hershey bars to the kids, the medics sav He called me back the next day. He said would be a showcase for the rest of the ing lives. and the clumps of bodies at Mylal. he had gone to schOOl with me at Ohio Uni vampirish journallstic netherworld. Others He explained at each luncheon that the versity and had admired my "real courage" would see the pictures, suffer scoop spasms, clumps on his screen were the result of an in putting out the school newspaper. He and the price would rise. The Plain Dealer, American search-and-destroy mission. The especially liked, he said, my campaign to understandably, after some highlevel deli Kiwanians either acted like they hadn't boycott a Norman Luboff concert in favor of beration, was only too happy to accept the heard him or walked away muttering, "War a Bob Dylan appearance and my crusade arrangement and its role. is hell." There were no questions, but a few to oust a student government president complimented the quality and composition named Buck Fetters, nicknamed Duck (A year later, to his credit, Vail, talking to of his photographs and assured him he'd Feathers. reporters about some or the jelly-on-the have a great future. "If you could go after old Buck Fetters knee fa111ngs of his newspaper, said: "You like that,'' he said, "you'll print the story know, I couldn't understand why, after they He stayed in Fairview Park, the white saw those pictures, they ha.d to call me and upper-middle-class suburb where he was I've got to tell you." He told me he had born, sharing a bachelor's apartment with a these war pictures and I said, "Sure, bring ask if we should really get involved in run friend, concerned about the usual things: them over, we'll have a drink." ning them.") parties, pregnancies, money, the boss. There He brought his pictures over and I looked The way the executives finally figured it, was a sleek candy-apple-red Corvette at a lot at them and we went to have our drink and the story could very well mean the Pulitzer near his apartment he fell in love with. He talked about old Buck Fetters. "Well, rve Prize, maybe even the coveted mention in was doing all right, galnlng weight, making got to check on this," I said, back in the Time's press section. And ever since Esquire a little money, and the memory of that day ofilce, and sat Haeberle down, a bit high, on gave the Plain Dealer its journalistic dubious at Mylai did not bother him a.t all. The slides the rewrite desk. achievement award in 1965, the frustrated were stashed in a back drawer of his bedroom I took his.army serial number and his dates upper echelon was looking for Time or the chest. not far from a box of Troja.ns. He had of service and called the Pentagon. I wanted Pulitzer to wash the blood away. In 1965, lost one slide somewhere--he wasn't even them to confirm that a guy named Haeberle an obscure hirsute Plain Dealer copy editor sure where-. ~robably in Ha.wa.U with a girl had been in the army, in Vietnam, and at a named Robert Manry, who didn't much like friend. place called Mylai. The colonel in charge of talking to his colleagues on the desk, took a sailboat across the Atlantic Ocean. Before 1. He noted his singular experience of war public information said it would take a few had not changed him much. The only weeks to confirm all that. "That's a real he left, short o! cash, needing repairs !or his change: he found himself humming, a new mouth!ul,'' he said. little boat, he offered the Plain Dealer his and annoying habit. He especially hummed I told Ron 'we'd be held up for a few weeks. exclusive account for three hundred dollars. when he was nervous, and, strangely, could "There's an easier way," he said. "This guy He was summarily and sternly turned down; not remember humming like that before the named Daniels, Captain Aubrey Daniels, has a con man and a kook who had no business day he was helicoptered illlto the vlllage in been calling me all the time. He's some kind gallivanting across the ocean when he should question. of a prosecutor. Why don't you call him and have been working on the desk. When half the world's press started writing about his He worked as an industrial supervisor at ask him about me?" "Why does he keep calling you?" trip, three Plain Dealer staffers were assigned Premier Industrial Corporation, a manufac to Falmouth, England to cover Manry's joy turing firm near downtwn Cleveland, and, "To make sure I don't give the pictures to ous and celebrated arrival. At the same time, 1959, got anybody."- one day in August of he a call at the other daily in Cleveland, the Press, na the plant from two men who identified ! called Captain Aubrey Daniels in the tionally noted for its inquisition of Dr. Sam themselves as army em agents. They under Judge Advocate's ofilce at Fort Benning and Sheppard, alleged wife-killer, started carry stood, they said, that he had pictures o! told him in front-page cigarsmoke tones that ing daily front-page, mid-oceanic interviews something that had happened in Vietnam I had all these massacre pictures and was go with Manry, done by a. Scripps Howard re· one day. They said they were investigating ing to run them in the paper the next day. porter who rented a. boat and met Manry at was whatever it that had happened. Ron said "You can't do that," he said. sea. The first day the Press interviewed Manry that he had turned in his black-and-white pictures right a.f.ter the "incident." The CID "Why not?" at sea, the Plain Dealer wrote about the death men said they understood that, but somehow "You're going to violate the rights of a lot of his pet turtle. the black-and-white had gotten "lost." of guys who were over there," he said. "Be Desperately grasping !or shards of global Could he meet them? Could he come to their sides that, Haeberle was there as an army glory, the Plain Dealer chartered a plane to hotel tha.t night? photographer and those are army pictures." parachute Manry a sweatshirt that said: He met them at the Holiday Inn with his "So you're confirming that he was there,'' "Plain Dealer, Ohio's Largest Dally !'iews slides. The two agents had a slide projector I said. paper." The plan vlsuaJ.ized. Manry landing with them, and the clumps of bodies were "What?" Daniels said. "What? You're put in Falmouth in the glare of the world's press ftashed against the bright pink Holiday Inn ting words into my mouth. That's not fair." as a sunburst Plain Dealer promotion. In· walls. They invited him to the bar to have I told Ted Princiotto, my night managing stead, Manry took the sweatshirt from the a drink. editor, a hard-nosed, alley-tough guy type w<er, wrapped his garbage in it, and threw The agents told him it was his patriotic cast by Jack Webb, that we had a world it to the sharks. duty to give them the slides. Ron told them scoop. Looking at Haeberle's slides, I wasn't sure. he'd be happy to give them duplicates. Ah, "Aww," he sa.ld, "--- the scoop. We've I told our pratfallen executives, most of they said, but they really needed the orig1- got a moonwalk tomorrow." whom had been promoted since the Manry 32396 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 "incident," that the pictures would get us After that kind of beatification, I worked of a sudden a burst of fire and they were the Pulitzer Prize, but I thought the men for a while in Dayton, Ohio, the cleanest cut down. They were about twenty feet away. tion in Time's press section was practically town in America.. It says so right on the One machine gunner did it. assured. They were very pleased and cha.r wastebaskets. I didn't last long there. I "There was no reaction on the guy doing a.cteristica.lly generous. They offered me, on was assigned to do a home-is-the-hero piece the shooting. That's the part that really the spot, a cornucopia. O'f benevolent pa about the son of the president of the Cham got me-this little girl pleading and they ternalism. ber of Commerce, a. returning Vietnam vet were just cut down. I had been on the ground Some immediate problems had to be eran. The Vietnam vet had an ear on his key maybe forty-five minutes at this point. Off ironed out. The story, I pointed out, would chain. He asked me to feel the ear and said to the left, a group of people-women, chil have to wait a day~ appear on the morn it was Charlie's ear. He said he'd killed dren, and babies-were stand.ing around. The ing of November 2oth. Until then, we needed Charlie outside Saigon one day and cut his machine gunner had opened up on all those to make black-and-white prints of the slides. ear off with a. bayonet. He said he'd bottled people in the big circle and they were trying That would be very difficult, an editor told the ear in an empty One-A-Da.y Vitamin vial to run. I don't know how many got out. me, because we couldn't trust our photogra before he put it on the key chain. I couldn't "There were two small children, a. very Dhers. One of them would be sure to make do the story and, tarred and feathered, left young boy and a smaller boy, maybe four or prints himself and pirwte the m.assa.cre at the cleanest town in America. five years old. A guy with an M-16 fired at beer-money rates. The editor suggested I I was lucky the Plain Dealer hired me. The them, at the first boy. The older boy fell over take the slides to an old photographer in Plain Dealer could not have been anxious to to protect the smaller boy. The GI fired some our commercial department who usually hire Hungarian refugees. In 1943, a Hunga more shots with a tracer and the tip was still took pictures O'f party dresses and gourmet rian refugee shot and killed the business burning in the boy's flesh. Then they fired meals. The old man hadn't taken news manager of the Plain Dealer in his office. The six more shots and just let them die. The photos since his drinking days with ElllCYt refugee said he wanted to become the William Gis found a. group of people, women, babies, Ness. This photographer, I understood, didn't Randolph Hearst of the ethnic penny press and some girls. This one GI grabbed one of read the paper, dreamed O'f retiring in the and needed some money. Poor man, like most the girls, in her teens, and started stripping desert to craft Indian jewelry, and wouldn't ethnics he was taught that in America the her, just playing around. They said they know the significance O'f the slides he was streets are paved with gold. The business wanted to see what she was made of and reproducing. Just to make sure, though, it manager paid for the Plain Dealer's historic stuff like that. was suggested I stand next to the photogra stinginess and Hungarians paid for the re "I remember they were keeping the pher in the studio as he worked and wait fugee's marksmanship. mother away from protecting her daughter. until he finished. "You never can tell," the Nevertheless, with the ghost of this mad She must have been around thirteen. They editor said. The old aspiring Indian jeweler Magyar killer peering over my shoulder, I were kicking the mother in the --- and performed his task splendidly. He asked no prospered. The editors, pulling puppet slapping her around. They were getting ready questions and, when he finished, continued strings, gave me good play; a five-year-old boy to shoot those people and I said-Hold it. taking pictures of a. Thanksgiving Day meal watched his little brother killed by an in I wanted to take a picture. complete with cranberry juice. truder; an eighty-one-year-old Greek immi "They were pleading for their lives. The A more serious problem was keeping the grant was beaten to death; two boys fell in a looks on their faces, the mothers crying, black-and-white prints in a safe place over mudhole and died; a man shot a boy setting they were trembling. I turned my back be night. Since some word would certainly filter off firecrackers; a twenty-three-year-old hon cause I couldn't look. They opened up with around the office, intense security precau or student, wanting to publish her first book, two M-16s. On automatic fire, they went tions were in order. But the editor said there robbed a bank with a toy pistol; twenty-six through the whole clip, thirty-five or forty was not much we could do about that. "We skydivers died when they parachuted into shots, and I remember actually seeing the don't have a safe," he said. "We never had a polluted Lake Erie; fifty-two people died smoke come from their rifles. The auto need for it." He said the black-and-white when the bridge they were on collapsed dur matic-weapons fire cut them down_ I couldn't prints would be placed, overnight, in a back ing rush-hour traffic. As the years went by, take a picture of it. It was too --- much. drawer heaped with rejected job applica the front-page bodies given public burial One minute you see people alive and the next tions. "No one ever looks in there," he said. under my byline !l.ncreased. But Mylai was minute they're dead. Then, the next day, the 19th, we would the biggest body count I had ever worked on. "I came up to a clump of bodi -s and I have to guard the black-and-white prints I did not feel very un-American writing saw this small child. Part of his foot had been from the staff members in the office. The about an American massacre. When I was a shot off and he went up to this pile of bodies prints would have to travel a long and dark kid, I almost died in the cellar of a Hun and just looked at it, like he was looking for road-from the city room to the composing garian house because Americans were fire somebody. A GI knelt down beside me and room. The editor assured me that problem, bombing all the civillan population centers. shot the little kid. His body flew backwards at least, was easy to solve. An assistant city Curtis LeMay was in charge of those bomb into the pile. editor would be assigned to gumshoe the ings. But there were no pictures of any of "I remember thinking: What's going on prints around the city room. The man would that. No photographers were around to take here? I mean, what the ---?" not mind body-guarding the clumps of pictures of those civillan dead. The Kiwan 6. His friend, Jay Roberts, said: bodies. And after some deliberation we con ians never asked questions, and Curtis LeMay "I was a senior combat correspondent cluded we were reasonably sure the man was transmogrified into a vice-presidential attached to the 31st Public Information wouldn't steal them himself. candidate. Brigade at Due Pho and I was the editor of 4. The road from journalism school to mas Where were you then, Ron, where were Trident, the brigade newspaper. Until that sacre dealer is not as dark a road as the one you? day, I hadn't seen any combat. The army from the city room to the composing room. 5. Ron told his story ma.tter-of-factly. It wasn't interested in combat, they just In many ways it is a. well-lighted and direct was March 16, 1968, and he and his friend, wanted features. Ron and I filed more home one. A journalism prof once told me he Jay Roberts, assigned to the 31st Public town hero stories and I filled Trident up with didn't really feel like a. reporter until, work Information Brigade at Due Pho, volun all kinds of topical stuff about road clearings ing for a midwestern dally, he was assigned teered for the mission at Myla.i 4 to catch and ---. The only time I ~ver got shot at to poke his hands into the wounds of slain an inning of war. was by a sniper who couldn't hit anything. gangsters to verify the coroner's accuracy. "We came in on the second lift, which When the rounds started hitting about A hyperthyroid old-timer who won the Pall came about a half-hour after the first. We twenty yards away I suggested to Ron that Mall Big Story Award for his coverage of a. landed in the rice paddies and I heard gun we should get out of there. Dillinger jailbreak once said you weren't a fire from the village itself, but we were still "At seven-thirty a.yem, right on schedule, real hardnose until you watched an autopsy on the outskirts. There were some South the choppers swept over Landing Zone Dolly while eating a cheeseburger. Vietnamese people, maybe fifteen of them, and picked Charlie Company up. As the I began my journalistic metamorphosis women and children included, walking on a choppers got close to the area we could see a boycotting Norman Luboff as a senior at dirt road maybe a hundred yards away. All lot of smoke on the ground and lots of gun Ohio University. I won the William Ran of a sudden the Gis opened up with M-16s. ships in the air. They were like guppies. The dolph Hearst Memorial Foundation Award Besides the M-16 fire, they were shooting squad we were assigned to was getting its as the nation's outstanding college journal at the people with M-78 grenade launchers. combat orders by walkie-talkie from Captain ist. William Randolph Hearst, Jr., in yellow I couldn't believe what I was seeing. Ernest Medina. Medina. had a reputation ot striped tie and shirt, patted my cheek and "Off to the right, I noticed a woman ap being a damn good soldier. Some of the guys called me "Kid!" Lyndon Johnson was sup peared from some cover and this one GI called him 'Mad Dog' Medina. because he was posed to give me a gold medal but was too fired at her first, then they all started shoot such a hard disciplinarian. busy on the ranch that weekend. Hubert ing at her, aiming at her head. The bones "Aoout halfway across the rice paddy to filled in for him. Hubert said that, as a Hun were flying in the air chip by chip. I'd never the village we noticed a. small group of peo garian refugee, I was a fine example of seen Americans shoot civilians like that. ple running down the other side of the rood. America's greatness. Typically Humphrey As they moved in, closer to the village, they Our men open-fired and pushed across the esque, he mispronounced my name and just kept shooting at people. I remember field. No fire was returned. When we got to showed me a portrait of Dolly Madison on this man distinctly. holding a small child the road we saw a. dead woman on the other his office wall. "Do you know who that is, in one arm and another child in the other, side. A little kid was standing by her. I got son?" Hubert asked. I was even interviewed walking toward us and pleading. The little back to that area a couple of minutes later, by Radio Free Europe. girl was saying 'No, no• in English. Then all we were wandering around, and I saw the September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS kid was dead too. Two guys came out of the there was this big pile of bodies. This really tional affairs editor, called me. The entire paddy nearby. They were both killed. I know tiny kid wearing only a shirt-he only had a Rube Goldberg process took forty-five min because I saw one guy's head fly off. shirt on, nothing else-he came over to the utes. "We went into the v1llage and met Medina pile and held the hand of one of the dead. Gerald Moore said he wanted Haeberle and at the outskirts. That was around nine One of the Gis behind me in the village me on the next plane to New York. I asked o'clock. He told us there were eighty-five KIA dropped to a kneeling position thirty meters if I could bring my wife. "Bring all your rela so far. We went on into the village. There from this kid and killed him with a single tives,'' Moore said. I asked if the expenses were guys killing cows and pigs and others shot. would be paid "Everything will be paid,'' he burning the hooches. Some seemed eager, "Ron and I left by chopper before noon to said. others were just doing a job. I saw one guy go over and see how Baker Company was I called Ron and told him they wanted us with a ninety-pound pack cutting down doing. We had lunch With them. How could up in New York right away. cornstalks one by one. I know that you've we ealt lunch? Hell, I've seen soldiers eating "---,'' he said, "I can't go tonight. I've got to destroy the enemy's resources. It's an their 1unch sitting on top of corpses. got a date.'' old tactic and a good one. Sherman's March "None of the soldiers seemed bothered "What about the million bucks?" to The Sea. You•ve just got to. about it. I remember telling some of my bud "If it looks good," he said, "call me and I'll "One GI was digging for buried weapons. dies in the PIO about it. They acted like they go up tomorrow.'' One was chopping down corn. One was inter didn't believe us. Ron and I thought about it I called my Wife, a former police reporter, rogating an old man and two children. I a lot, but neither one of us is very much of a told her about the massacre, and said I had understand the old man was k1lled later but banner carrier. a surprise-a free trip to New York. She was I didn't see him killed. God, those cows die "Back at Due Pho I wrote about it for overjoyed. hard. They had them in small pens, the size the brigade paper, Trident. I said a hundred "Will they wire the money?" she asked. of a desk. They's shoot them paff paff paff twenty-eight Vietcong had been killed in a "They'll pay us back up there." and the cow would just go moo. Then paff furious battle. I played it up like it was a "What do you suggest we use for cash?" paff paff moo. They shot and stabbed all the big success. For one thing, Ron and I didn't "Well,'' I said, "I suppose we'll have to cash animals, which were in effect support units think we'd done anything wrong. We didn't a check.'' of the VC. They didn't seem to like to kill want to go to a military jail either. We were "We can't do that." cows and pigs. scared of the army. Besides, there was always "Why not?" "A couple of Gis brought out three wom the feeling we might hurt the country a little "Because it will bounce." en-one old woman, a younger, middle-aged bLt. I thought about that a while and said: one, and a teenager. Real pretty girl. They "For what? To make a few bucks?" "Well, we'll borrow some money." started hassling the teenager, shouting, "VC 7. Ron and I were going over details, clos "It's too late tonight,'' she said. Boom Boom." The old lady moved in scratch ~d in a Plain Dealer conference room with And since it was too late to borrow any ing and shouting and kicking between the a tape recorder, coffee, cigarettes, and a wail money, it meant we couldn't fly up that girl and the soldiers, trying to protect her. ful of front pages. I turned the tape recorder night. The soldiers were shouting at the girl, tear on and Ron started describing the little boy I called Moore back, told him Ron had a ing her clothes. Then one of them turned shot back into the pile of bodies. The tape bad cold and that I couldn't make it up around and noticed Ron taking pictures. And recorder was supposed to act as a poor man's that night. What could I tell him? How can they left off, sort of turned away as if every lie detector and spot conflicting details. Its you explain about borrowing money when thing was normal. value was minimized, though, by Princiotto, you're going to ask a guy for a million dol· "We turned around and I heard one of the night managing editor. "What the hell,'' lars? the guys ask, "Well, what'll we do with them?' he snorted. "We're not saying this thing hap "Why not?" he asked. And another guy said, 'Kill 'em.' I heard an pened. We're saying this guy says this hap "Ah, personal reasons,'' I said. M-60 go off, a light machine gun, and when pened. How do we know if he's lying? We "Are you a white-knuckled fiyer?" we turned back around all of them and the can't send people there to check it out." "No, no, nothing like that," I said. kids with them were dead. We walked A photographer came in and told .Ron "We could wire the money,'' he said. through the village and noticed bodies burn to make some hard-hitting faces so we'd "No problem," I said, "no problem." ing on a front porch. The bodies were lying have our art to illustrate his art. Ron twisted Late that night, thinking things over a ln a straw hut that had been pulled down his face, pushed his eyebrows up, made bit, grasping for perspective, I talked to Ron from the road. Then we saw them dragging sweeping gestures. The photographer asked again: this guy from a hooch. He was dead. They him to cover his eyes and look morose. Ron "Listen, man, I think a million is a bit threw him down the well to poison it. looked morose. The photographer told Ron · excessive. What do you say about a hundred grand?" "The thing that shocked Ron and me most to relax and speak normally. though was a young kid. He couldn't have "You got a fisheye lens?" Ron asked. "Well, all right," he said, "if you're sure.'' been more than six or seven years old. His "I don't think it would work here,'' the 9. The first bid for the massacre at Mylai face was bloody. His nose and mouth were photographer said. was made by Associated Press picture editor fleshly and bloody and his arm was practical "I wish I'd had a fisheye that day," Ron Hal Boyle before the pictures appeared in the ly coming off. And the kid wasn't shouting or said. "That would have been something, Plain Dealer, before we ever got to New York's crying or anything. Ron moved in to photo huh?" Gotham Hotel. graph him, getting real close for some close The photographer had his Nikon inches William M. Ware, executive editor of the ups. He was about three feet away from the from Ron's face. Plain Dealer, called Hal Boyle in New York kid, focusing. Along comes a GI with an "The automatic-weapons fire cut them and told him the Associated Press could put M-16, takes careful aim, and shoots the kid down." · no pictures of the Mylai massacre on the na three times. Ron watched the kid being Click-click. tional wire because of copyright restrictions. knocked back across his camera frame from "I couldn't take a picture of it ." Boyle didn't like it and asked to talk to me. each shot. I guess the guy would have claimed Click-click. Assured of the pictures' photographic qual that it was a mercy killing. I mean that kid "It was too much.'' ity-"You're sure they'll reproduce?"-he of probably would have died from exposure or Click-click-click-click-click. fered $20,000 "on the spot." I said it was not something. But we were an arm's length from "I couldn't believe it.'' enough. the kid's face. "Okay," the photographer said, "that's "Twenty-five,'' he said. Still not enough. "There was M-16 and M-1 and M-60 fire great." "Listen," he said, "what do you think this going off all the time, sort of sporadically. 8. I thought about Life magazine when is? You can't sell those pictures for more. All the time we were t here, they were sett ing I thought about the million bucks. I remem What happens if the Pentagon releases those fire t o the hooches. They were doing it on bered their exclusive big-money account by pictures and you don't make a cent on it?" ordera from the ofil.cers in the area. You got the girl who was taken into the Pennsyl "Try and convince them,'' I said. to remember that all this happened about vania woods by a mad-dog hermit. I knew "Well,'' he said, "I warned you." the time the word "destroy" was being taken they had turned Abraham Zapruder's 16mm. That he did: for the next ten days, the As out of search-and-destroy operations by Gen camera to gold. I knew they owned the astro sociated Press, making no further bids, was eral Westmoreland. n auts. pounding on the Pentagon's door, trying to "And it was just about this time that they I told the Time magazine stringer in Cleve convince the generals that the best way to found the old man with the pants coming land that we had seventeen slides of the get even with those un-American moneyma off. The interpret er was asking him questions Mylai massacre in perfect color taken by a kers (us) was to give the pictures to the AP and the old man didn't know anything. He trained photographer. "Are you sure the for free. just rattled something off. Medina was there quality is good?" he asked. "They don't run 10. My wife and I got to New York the next at the time and somebody asked him what any stuff unless the quality is good." As afternoon-six hours before the November to do wit h the man. Medina said: 'I don't sured, he called a friend-the Time stringer 20th edition of the Plain Dealer would carry care,' and walked off. He was busy making in Detroit. The Time stringer in Detroit called the pictures; the penny pony players lined sure the place was destroyed a.nd giving or the Time bureau chief in Chicago. The Time up in the newspaper's lobby would become ders. After a moment I heard a shot and the bureau chief in Chicago called the Life bu some of the first Americans to see the carnage old man was killed. They weren't taking any reau chief in Chicago. The Life bureau chief at Mylai. We checked into the Gotham Hotel, prisoners, you k n ow. in Chicago called the Life national affairs where reservations had been made for us by "About thirty meters outside the village editor in New York. Gerald Moore, the na- Life magazine. 32398 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 I had been mulling over our $100,000 de The Plai n Dealer was in this fateful posi a friendly soft-underbellied canadian, who mand on the plane, wondering how I would tion: keeps his family's linear sword on his sub couch the demand, hoping the words would For one Of the few times in the quotidian urban walls, stringing for one of the Lon come without a bob of the Adam's apple. It rag's history, it had a story of international don tabloids, called to say: is not easy to ask for $100,000 when you are significance which could, conceivably, die "I have spoken to my superiors in Lon worried about a tip for the cabbie. The seven stlllborn on the city desk. don and they have empowered me to make teen technicolor slides were in a black brief Looking at it in retrospect, as far as the you an offer of twenty-five hundred dollars case which I hugged to my lap and which I greening of the massacre is concerned, a for exclusive world rights." · had used, in my days at Ohio University, as a strike would have been a godsend. As it "--,"I said. lunchbox. turned out, the Plain Dealer's appearance on "It's a very fine offer," he said in his best Half an hour later, I was in Gerald Moore's the streets the next day would cost us Toronto cockney. "I would a.dvise you, speak office in the Time-Life Building as Moore $70,000. ing now as a friend, to accept it. You never wordlessly lifted each slide to the light, shook 11. The printers went back on the job forty know, the price might go down." his head, and reached for the next one. five minutes before the penny pony players . James M. Naughton, a friend, formerly We walked the slides over to their photo art paid a dime for a look at the Mylai mas the Plain Dealer's politics editor, a recent section where Life Assistant Managing Editor sacre. addition to the New York Times• Washington Phil Kunhardt asked for them and, after There, at the top of the page, six columns Bureau, called hoarse-voiced to say that his three slides, paled. wide, was the clump of bodies. The outline national editor had just gotten him out· of "My God," he said, "I presume you want said: "A clump of bodies on a road in Viet bed. to sell these." na.m. A glaring headline next to it said: "Ex "Look, Eszterhas," he said, "do me a fa "Well, yes." clusive." vor. I know you guys are interested in Life. "How much did you have in mind?" "This photograph will shock Americans as I know the Times won't offer any money, but, "One hundred thousand dollars," I said, as it shocked the editors and staff of the Plain for God's sake, Will you talk to them? As a firmly and evenly as I could, feeling very Dealer. It was taken during the attack by favor to me? They'll send someone over." weak. American soldiers on the South Vietnamese Messrs. Simer, Goula.cci, Tsudo, Palotelli, Kunhardt gave me a long and fixed look, v1llage of Mylai, an attack which has made Lucentini, Hauser, and Blythe-whom Ron and his pale face reddened and then turned worldwide headlines in recent days with the would refer to as the 88--representing most a medium purple. He looked away before he disclosures of mass killings allegedly at the of the major European magazines, all made spoke and his eyes caught on the slides. hands of American soldiers. This photograph bids and all seemed personally affronted by "It's, ah, too late tonight, of course," he and others on two special pages are the first the $100,000 price tag. said. "Come back and we'll discuss it in the to be published anywhere of the killings. "I demand to speak to Mr. Haeberle," one morning." This particular picture shows a clump of heavily accented gentleman said. "Who are "By the way," Moore said, "don't sell it bodies of South Vietnamese civ111ans which you? Are you keeping Mr. Haeberle away to anyone else until we talk to you." includes women and children. Why they were from his publlc? Can you be trusted? Mr. "Will Haeberle be here?" Kunhardt asked. killed raises one of the most momentous Haeberle is an international figure now. You What could I say? That he had a date and questions of the war in Vietnam." must permit the press of the world to speak couldn't come? That he would rather not The other headlines on the page said: with him. You have aroused the curiousitv get involved "Cameraman Saw Gls Slay 100 Villagers" of the world. You must live up to ·that re· "I'm not sure," I said, "he's pretty busy." "Senate OK's Draft Reform, Lottery Eyed sponsibllity." "Well, I really think he should be here," for January" At two in the morning, I met in the hotel Moore said. "After all, he is the photogra "Gunmen Blind Tellers With Tea.r Gas" bar with a young reporter from the New York pher." "Conrad, Bean Start on Second Moonwalk" Times. The reporter asked that the Times be I went back to the Gotham to can Ron 12. Ted Princiotto, once praised for his re- allowed to run the pictures, "if you have and caught him before he went out. porting by J. Edgar Hoover, has never been some handy," and tried his best to conduct "Listen," I said, "it looks pretty good." overwhelmed by fa:p:1e. Thanks to that the an interview concerning Ron's actions at "Oh, yeah, how much?' Plain Dealer easily shrugged off the first 'seri Mylal that day. "Well, I threw the hundred thousand at ous attempt to assassinate the credibility of "When Mr. Haeberle gets here," he said, them and they didn't say no." the pictures. "we will of course want to speak to him too, "Huh, you don't think we could get more The first salvo came a few minutes before but right now we're on deadline." than that?" midnight, less than an hour after the strike The Times man seemed personally af "Well," I said, "I dont know. I think you'd threat had been averted, less than halfway fronted when I told him the exclusive pic better come up." throug!l the first press run. The caller said tures and account would be sold as a pack "Can't you handle it?" the pictures were phony and, in the national age and that, therefore, I couldn't tell him "I think they want to ask you more ques interest, begged Princiotto to stop the anything. tions." presses. "But these are basic questions," he said, "What for?" "Listen," Princiotto said, "I don't have "and, after all, we are the Times. Certainly "They want to hear more details from you," time to talk to you right now. We're on dead you won't hold us to that." I said. line." Still unsuccessful, he got angry: "This is "Ah, hell," he said. "Well, all right. But I The caller said that in his esteemed opin absurd. You're not a journalist. You can't be can't come up tonight. I'll take the first plane ion there was no relationship between the a journalist and treat the Times this way. tn the morning. And listen, I've been think You are a public relations man." ing about our security." photos-that "a photo of soldiers marching "Security?" through the paddies has no connection to At seven in the morning, my friend Naugh the village scenes or bodies." ton called from Washington again. "Yeah, we're in a funny position. What 1t the word gets out that we're selUng this stuJf "The pictures don't prove that anything "They just got me out of bed again," he said. "The guy we sent over said you insulted and the army tries to do something. Or took place," the man said. "You're doing a the em or the FBI or the CIA? What 1t this disservice to America." He said he had some him. Do me another favor. Gene Roberts, our phone is tapped?" experience with photographs and it appeared national editor, wants to talk to you. Can you "I guess I never thought about that," I to him "the whole thing is a hoax." Prin go over there and talk to him?" said. ciotto, in his characteristic way, got rid of "We're going to be pretty busy," I said. "I mean," he said, "they do have assassins, him as gently as his nature, on deadline, "I don't know." like the Beret that rubbed out that counter permitted. "Oh, all right then," he said. "I'll see if spy, you know?" The caller was internationally known com he can meet you at your hotel sometime." We agreed he would fiy up under a phony bat photographer David Douglas Duncan At ten to eight, Ron walked into the hotel name and I'd make the reservation for him in Clevelan~ that day promoting his latest lobby, red-eyed and wearing wraparound sun at the Gotham under st111 another name. book-a retired U.S. Ma.rine Corps lieutenant glasses, going past a Daily News reporter in "I don't trust those guys," he said. "Maybe colonel, and the only photographer to have a trenchcoat who was haranguing the desk the guys at Life can get us private dicks or unlimited access to the President of the clerk about Mr. Haeberle's room number. something." United States. Ron had shared a coach seat on his fiight Hoping the phone wasnt tapped, with the 13. Less than an hour after the residents with a man who, reading the front page of door bolted, the windows shut, and the of Cleveland got their sneak preview of the the Plain Dealer adorned with his picture, shades pulled, I called the Plain Dealer to massacre at Mylai, the telephone in Room turned to him and said: make sure none of the black-and-white 801 of the Gotham started ringing. (Not "They shouldn •t let the newspapers get prints had been stolen. !or nothing is the Plain Dealer known as away with all this---." The city editor laughed. None of the prints "The Starter.") It didn't stop ringing !or We walked over to the Time-Life Building, had been stolen but we had another prob three days. passing the trenchcoated Daily News mal. lem. All the Plain Dealer reporters stringing again, taking great care crossing at lnterseo. The printers, belonging to an adjunct of for the National Enquirer and Midnight tions. Ron was stlll talking about the CID the Teamsters Union, angry a.bout four men magazine and the London Daily Telegraph the CIA, and the FBI. they claimed wer.e being harassed by one o! Sun-Times-Mirror ma.de breathless offers "They better give us the dicks," he said. S. I. Newhouse's recently imported overseers, congratulations and pittances. When we got to the Time-Life Building, a had walked off the job. The Plain Dealer's criminal courts reporter, bevy of mint-skirted secretaries was paying September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32399 homage to a. television set. Astronauts printing the picture of the dead Vietnamese. eyes. Everyone 1n the building seemed to Charles Conrad and Alan Bean were walking How many mothers, fathers, and wives have know what was going on. around on the moon. Conrad was humming. lost their loved ones in Vietnam? Put that in "What do you think?" Ron said. His humming was off-key. Ron was humming your Plain Dealer.''-G.K., Parma, Ohio. "I think the money's good," I said, "but along with him. Later that day, there was some good news. I don't know about a.ll this talk of not run "Whoopee," said Conrad. "Man, that may The vice-president had alerted newsmen in ning the pictures. If they don't run the pic have been a small one for Neil, but that's Washington that he would have some things tures, you probably could have gotten a bet a long one for me." to say about the news media. The Plain Dealer ter price from the CIA.'' "Hey that's neat, I don't sink in too far. hoped for a. vice-presidential mention. Maybe, "Yeah, I know," he said, excited, "but I Dum-d~-dum-dum, dum-de-dum-dum," besides the Pulitzer Prize and the mention figure we can get much more than that. Hell, Conrad hummed. "Man, I feel like Bugs in Time's press section, the Plain Dealer if they're wll11ng to give seventy, just like Bunny." would be immortalized by a defa.ma.tory vice that, they can give more.'' 14. While Bugs Bunny cavorted on the presidentia.l panegyric. But, alas, the Plain "I don't know, man," I said. "I think moon, patriots and character assassins ca Dealer was not singled out and Tom Vall Moore was trying to tell us something over vorted in Cleveland. would call his general attack a "great service." lunch.'' After the pictures appeared, the readers of · Question: The vice-president denied any "---, no one else has the pictures. No one the Plain Dealer did not care that Tom Vall intent to intimidate the news media, but is else is going to run them, let's go for higher." had once slept in Lincoln's bed at the White there intimidation implicit when the number When we went back into the room, Ron House. It did not ·matter that he had once two elected officia.I of the nation makes a said: chatted with President Johnson in his pa statement or speech such as he made last "Well, I figure you can go higher than jamas. night? that.'' The Plain Dealer got more telephone calls Vail: I do not feel that Mr. Agnew is threat "What were you thinking?" Pollard asked. that day than ever before in its history. It ening anything. I do feel that the news media "Around a hundred and twenty thousand," was terrible. To editors who view three nega does overreact and that it is terribly sensi Ron said. tive phone calls to a story as incontrovert tive about itself; maybe all businesses are this Pollard whistled. "That's a lot of money,'' ible evidence that a reporter is incompetent, way, but I feel the vice-president is doing a he said. He said he ha.d to make some phone the phone calls meant prolonged stupors of great service in getting the media to examine ca.Ils and we left the room. melancholia. They were forced to twist their itself, and we are trying to produce, as far as When we came back in, after another hud sterile pieties to our defense. the Plain Dealer is concerned, a very balanced dle and another debriefing concerning Some even appeared on television, talking report. Whether it is always perfectly bal Moore's prophetic-or-cunning martini a.ct in Columbia Journalism Review terms about anced, I doubt. vice, Pollard said. the story. You understand, the hierarchical 15. I was sitting in Gerald Moore's office at "We can't make a decision on that kind party line held, the Plain Dealer does not say Life. Moore ha.d his feet up on his desk, inches o! money. Hedley Donovan is at a board this happened. The Plain Dealer says a pho from the slides, and was rambling on about meeting in Ohicago. He'll be here tomorrow. tographer alleges that this happened. a turquoise Indian watchband he was wear However, we can make a final offer of ninety ing. He was killing time. For some reason, we thousand dollars.'' One sealed envelope was personally deliv were being stalled. We went back to the corridor again. Ron ered to a news editor. In it, final proof was We were taken on a tour of the building. hummed. offered of Haeberle's sinister un-American Finally, after great deliberation, Moore ex ism. Damning, self-condemning words ap "Nah," he said, "if they get up to ninety plained that in other parts of the building, thousand like that, then they can go up to pearing under his signature, an invitation frantic phone calls between executives were to an office party. "We promise a good time one-twenty. If they dont• do it, then we can deciding the price tag to be put on the slides. get it from some o! the other guys we ta.Iked for all at next week's party, especially chicks, Some time around eleven, with Ron re to.'' guaranteed." Haeberle's holding an orgy, in turned from a tour of their photographic !a When Pollard heard it was no deal he viting his company's virginal pink-cheeked cUities, Moore told us Life wa.s interested in grinned. He seemed pleased. ' secretaries. "some kind of an arrangement." "Hell," Ron said, "if you people really Clevelanders never mince words. The !act Over lunch, we asked if our names could want the pictures, then let's get Donovan Plain Dealer the had endorsed Carl Stokes, a appear on the cover of the issue that would here tonight. He can :tly ln. Tell him to come black mayor, was bad enough. But these pic carry the pictures. in tonight from Chicago. tures, to many of them, were the work of "Well, ah," Moore said, "we usually don't communists or communist dupes. Pollard seemed incredulous. "We can't, ah, do that unless its someone like Maller or tell Mr. Donovan something like that," he Dear EDITOR: Hemingway." said. "I firmly believe that a newsman will sell his "I don '' 32400 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 17, 1971 very unreasonable about all this. I'm sur "Five hundred dollars." We grinned, confidentt that at noon Jeremy prised. I've been looking around for a while The inevitable reply: No. Blythe and the consortium would hand over for another reporter on our national staff "It would be very wise of you, sir, very their $120,000. and your name came up. You guys have to wise, to sell us the pictures for that amount At 11:45, deadpan, Dick Pollard said: understand you're dealing with the Times. because if you do not sen them, we will steal "Bad news, guys, I hear the New York Post You can't deal with us the way you deal with them." will be on the streets in a few minutes run the others. We're talking about certifying the This, evidently, was a difflcult kind of ning Haeberle's pictures on the front page." accuracy of these pictures historically." bidder. "How can they do that?" I asked. "We're talking about a historical steal,'' I "Steal them?" "I don't know," Pollard said. "I presume said. "Of course." they photographed them from the pages of Morris turned to Ron. "We'll sue you," I said. the Plain Dealer." "Who is this punk?" he asked, pointing to "But, ah, it would take, oh, thirty years in "Isn't that illegal?" me. "What is he, your agent? You can't listen the Japanese courts for the case to come to "I don't know,'' Pollard said. to him. Don't you have a mind of your own? trial." He called Ted Majeski, the picture editor Does he run your life?" "How could you steal them?" of the Post, and asked if it was true. "Oh, I can run my life all right,'' Ron said. "Very easy, sir. We would copy pictures Majeski told Pollard they had copied the "Look, guys," Roberts said, "there is no that were in the Plain Dealer newspaper." Plain Dealer pictures and it was legal be reason to get upset about all this. We'll pay I couldn't bring myself to believe all this cause "his right [Haeberle's] to the pictures your travel expenses and your expenses here." and turned him down. is dubious because he was an army photog We laughed at him. In a few hours, the "Very well then," he said, "we will steal rapher," and "national interest" demanded price had gone from a million to $100,000 to them. Pleasant talking to you." the pictures. $70,000 to $90,000 to $120,000 to travel ex (He wasn't kidding. The pictures were At noon, Jeremy Blythe appeared, pale penses. more widely circulated in Japan, it turned faced, without the $120,000. "We'll do this, though," Roberts.said. "We'll out, than any other country-including the "Everything is falling apart, lads," he said. fix you guys up with the best broker in the United States.) "The Post is running the pictures and I hear world. That way we won't get mixed up in Another call was from a genial Italian who that most of the London papers will have the selling the pictures and at the same time said he represented a newspaper in Bologna. pictures in their evening editions." you '11 do all right." and was offering $30,000 for the pictures and "We'll sue them," I said. "They can't do When we finally rejected the Times' offer a story with a "special slant." that." , and got rid of them, Roberts shook his head "For Italian rights?" "I don't know, lads," he said, "I don't and said, "Joe, I'm disappointed, very dis "But no, for Bologna,'' he said. know. Thrut will be very dimcult. You'll have appointed." "How can a paper in Bologna offer thirty court costs and it probably won't get to court We hurried to the room, two guys sun thousand dollars for the pictures?" for four or five years." • struck in the Big City Desert, and reached "You see, I have friends." "How did they get the pictures?" I asked. for the gin. "What do you mean, friends?" "Well, the only way, I presume, is that they At 2:30 that night, Jeremy Blythe, an "Friends, signore. How can I say it? Friends took pictures of the pictures in the Plain unctuous Englishman, calling for the Lon from behind the curtain." Dealer." don Daily Mail, said he was trying to put "The curtain?" (We would hear about the mysterious Eng together a consortium of magazines willing "The other side, you know, the Iron lishman who got the fifty papers much to buy the pictures. Curtain." later.) "The price is one hundred thousand is it, The Iron Curtain rights were turned "What can we do?" I asked. Joe?" he said. down. "Not much boys, but you have to count "It's gone up, Jeremy. It's one-twenty." That afternoon in Cleveland, a jet landed me out. With the piotures appearing all over "Dear," he said, "thiat will be more dif at Hopkins International Airport. One man the world, no one wants to pay any money:• ficult." got off. He took a taxi to the Plain Dealer. Ron and I huddled in our corridor again. He called back aJt six o'clock and said he He told the people at the Plain Dealer's pro "What do you think?" he asked. had arranged the package of bidders willing motion department he had come all the way "I think we got ---." to pay $120,000. from London to pick up fifty copies of the "---, ---, ---,'' he said. We had agreed to meet in Dick Polla.rd's issue with the famous pictures. The Plain He was facing the wall, tapping it with omce at noon. High noon in the desert sun, Dealer promotion people, very happy they his hand. Inside, the secretaries had taken I figured, would bring the magic offer. The worked for such a famous organization, a typing break again and were grinning at $5,000 option would expire and we'd get a smiled and basked in their importance. The us. $120,000 check. man got back in the cab and the jet with We decided we needed a lawyer. I called Other thin~ happened that day, losrt in his fifty Plain Dealers. Impressed that he the Plain Dealer and the assistant to the pub flashes and humming, the quicktakes of had come from so far so fast, the promotion lisher suggested a firm: "The best one you phantasmagoria in the glare of international people didn't even charge him the $5.00. can get.'' Royall, Moegel, Rogers, and Wells. attention: Thanks to his efforts, the pictures of the The lawyer recommended was named Caesar Lines formed that day at Plain Dealer's Mylai massacre appeared in England faster Petaskie. (We did not know until much later Washington Bureau in the National Press than anywhere else. English piracy would that the law firm's Rogers was William P. Club building for copies of the paper. But scoop the Japanese buccaneers. Rogers, Secretary of State.) the lines formed for nothing, because the Thursday night, while the selling of the I called Caesar and told him it was an bureau chief and his three reporters spent a massacre was delayed by a $5,000 option and emergency. Unless we acted fast, the mas good part of each morning vying for that Hedley Donovan's alleged board meeting sacre would be completely stolen. Caesar day's two Plain Dealers, and the visiting re continued in Chicago, the massacre was be said he would send telegrams to the major porters had to content themselves with just ing stolen New York papers and newsmagazines advis a quick look. 17. Friday did not look like it would be a ing them the pictures were copyrighted. Finally, when the south Vietnamese em propitious day. That morning's Times had "What else can we do?" I asked. bassy, for the first and only time in its his reported the sale by Paul Meadlo, a Mylai vet "Nothing," he said. tory, called the bureau for extra copies of eran, of a dramatic interview tor the sum of "So what do we do now?" Ron said. the Plain Dealer, more were ordered. $10,000--a.ll of which would go to Seymour "--- them, let's go home. They're going "Are you taking these papers to Saigon?" Hersh's Dispatch News Service. Here we were to have to pay if they want to run the stuff. a reporter asked an embassy omcial. in New York, with sales being made as far I think they're playing a game." "Oh, no, nothing important," the omcial inland as Indiana, and the pictures still un "---," he said. said. "Just for our interest." sold. We went back into Pollard's omce. Pollard The same reporter, later Thursday, talked At breakfast with the Times hit men, Rob suddenly looked like he was very busy and to a Pentagon omcial who hiad heard the erts and Morris, Gene Roberts began the didn't have much time. massacre pictures had appeared in the Plain spiel again as Morris glared. They were like "Are you people stlll interested in buying Dealer that day. two robbery squad dicks-Roberts the nice them?" Ron blurted. "Have you seen them?" he was asked. guy, Morris the blackjack man. The meeting Pollard looked out his window, then back "Christ no," the omcial said, "I don't give ended on a much harsher note than the last at us and after a long pause, said, "Yes, we a -- about what appears in the Plain one. "--- yous" were exchanged and we are. We are prepared to give you twenty thou Dealer. Who sees that? It's Life magazine all rushed from the coffee shop-Roberts and sand dollars for U.S. rights." we're worried about." Morris to their Times Square hideout, Ron "Okay," Ron said. There were, too, during time-outs at Time and I, we thought, to the bank. A letter of agreement was quickly typed Life, shadowed dealings with the journalistic At 11:30, after another time-killing tour up and signed. We waited for the phone calls netherworld. of the Time-Life Building, Gerald Moore with other offers, but the phone was silent. One call was from a man representing one ushered us into Dick Pollard's omce. Finally, Der Stern and the London Sunday of Japan's largest news magazines. "Listen, guys," Pollard said, "we've weighed Times called and offered $6,000 and $3,000 "We want to buy your pictures, yes?" the all the considerations and we've decided we which were quickly accepted. man said. aren't interested in bidding for world righis. "You know you guys made one very seri The inevitable question: How inuch? We're interested in U.S. rights only." ous mistake," Pollard said. "You had those
... -·-,.....:::; ···· · --··· ---· .. September 17, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 32.401 pictures run in the Plain Dealer and you "You're costing us money," he said. "Get of them would serve Israel though and very didn't think anyone would use them." them here as quick as possible. A lot of peo eager to send the money they make here over "You mean steal them," I said. ple wsn.t to buy lUs picture." there." Anon. "Yes,• I suppose you can say that," PoJ • Thanks to the Plain Dealer, Ron's Mylal The Plain Dealer, meanwhile, wanted to lard said. "But look at it this way: chalk lt pictures were stolen all over the world. But show its appreciation: $500 checks for Ron up to experience. That money would have th.aonks to the Plain Dealer a. lil81rket still and mel gone into the air fast anyway. We gave some exl.stecl for his picture a.u over the world. "You don't have to tell anyone else on the guy a lot of money, about sixty thousand for There wasn't much left to do in New York. staff about it," I was told. some footage a few years ago. So what hap Ron left early Monday :m.orn.1ng, in a new 20. The Plain Dealer got neither the Pulit pens? The guy gives up his store and goes to striped shirt 81Il.d tie, cash in hand ready to zer Prize nor the good mention in Time's Miami and blows it on the ponies. His whole buy the candy-apple-red Oorvette. press section, but Ron did win the Sigma life was ruined. It's probably better for you Alt Life magazine, the edJJtoirs had decided Delta Chi Photography Award. He won $500 that it all happened this way." not to put one of the pictures on the cover, and a gold statuette. He read about the award Der Stern sent a reporter over armed with fearing newsstand buyers would be repulsed. in the Plain Dealer. He called Sigma Delta pearl-handled walking stick and the man An antelope went on the cover. Chi officials and asked why they hadn't noti· ner of a storm trooper. He insisted Ron an Back at the Plain Dealer, everyone was in fled him. They said they'd been looking for swer his questions about the "German an terested in the moot relevant question: How him but couldn't find him. A week later he gle"-Were you ever in Germany? Do you much? got the gold statuette. It was broken into have any relatives there? Are you sure? The day after Ron bougblt his Corvette, a little pieces. We :flna.lly ~ot aWI8y from the storm trooper I'ladio station headlined: "Ron Haeberle, the 21. Christmas was bountiful. Ron ordered and .ate at Mamma Leone's. It was a funeral massacre profiteer, bought a new Corvette a specially built, souped-up stereo ensemble meal. yesterday." and a tape deck, along with a plane ticket to "God," Ron said, "we could have made I was overwhelmed by calls from veterans Hawaii. He gave a friend a few hundred dol ninety thousand dollars." and others who ola.imed to have evidence o! lars worth of abortion money. I gave my wife I was drinking five-minute shots of scotch other massacres. a gold necklace. and wished for the first time in my life that An old woman sadd she had proof her son The Christmas mail brought, special deliv I was back in Ohio, working on a hearts-and bad been killed because he refused to take ery, a wall-sized poster of the clump of bodies :flowers dog story. part in the k:l.lllng at Mylal. in full color. The poster was put out by a "That --- German," he mumbled. "He Two men called claiming they had massa peace group. Underneath, in big red letters, was more interested in my German relatives cre pictures of a massacre in a Monta.gnard were the words: "And Babies? And Babies." than in the goddamn massacre." village-"all kinds of pictures of Gls klll ©Ronald L. Haeberle. He didn't know then tha.t among the re ing"-and of a massacre where Gis allegedly 22. I saw Ron often in the months after wards for his efforts connected with the mas took refugees to sea and dumped them over that. His new Corvette was stolen, and he sacre would be just that: the discovery of a l>oa.ird. "How much can you get?" both men bought another. He went to Switzerland and German relative! asked. Neither man was wd.lldng to talk in Hawaii a few times, and I went out West. I "DEAR MR. RoNALD HAEBERLE: I have read person. was walking down a street in Tijuana one af• your name in the German newspapers and My telephone ca.lls were ddvided between ternoon when I heard a yell: "Hey, Eszter I suppose you are son of my nephew, Charles m.:assacre tipsters, cranks, and stockbrokers has," and Ron came out of the shadows, eat Haberle, who was with Sunshine Newspapers who had read the overblown $100,000 pay ing a taco. in New York. My father and your grand ment stories. "This is a good deal, Joe, and On that same trip, at the Whiskey A father would then be brothers. If this is so, we can really cash in," they said. Ar. insur I would like to hear from you. I am pen Go Go in Los Angeles, with the Iron Butter a.nce salesman came to the office and casti fly ripping away, there was a light show. sionary and my wife and myself are living in gated me for my irresponsibility when I the Black Forest. I wish you Merry Christmas Slides: of John and Yoko; a Chicago cop turned him down. wielding a billy club; Bonnie and Clyde. And and a Happy New Year from the Black Forest. Ted Princiotto came back from a trip to "ALBERT HABERLE. then against a wall and over the ceiling, a Japan and, not knowing of the Japanese slide of the clump of bodies at Mylai. And "WrrrENSCHRAND, WEST GERMANY." thefts, was amazed at the progressive nature 18. While Life magazine had paid $20,000, the band played on. it turned out the next day that some of of J a.pa.nese journalism. "They rea.lly had Ron went back to Premier for a while, their editors still suspected the pictures were th.alt stuff fast,'' he said. viewed by his bosses with envy, but also with in Akron Beacon Journal phony. Ron and I called it the "David Doug A colu.mnlst the a kind of All-American respect: they were las Duncan in:fluence." wrote a column crirticizing the Plain Dealer massacre pictures, sure, but the kid had During a six-hour session with Gerald for oorrying the pictures. The llli8Ail held that made what they thought was $100,000. For Moore, Ron went over the details again and Wha.t had ha.ppened Sit Mylai was not rea.lly a time, during a truckers' strike, he drove a again as Moore tested his accuracy. Hours newsworthy. He described how, during the truck back and forth from Chicago, dodging after the sale, pictures were sent to Life re Second World War in the Pac1fic, he had hlm Teamsters patrolling the highway With shot porters all over the world. They sought out seli photogmphed holding severa.l Japanese guns and rocks. Then he tired of the routine Mylai veterans and asked them if they re heads. at Premier---:he was fitting West Coast trips membered separate scenes. Their editors' There was, too, the persona.l mad.!: into weekends-and he quit. He was looking fears would finally be laid to rest by a veteran A clipped five-column picture of Ron for a job. His photographic credentials were, in Mississippi who, shown the pictures, took which a.ppeared in another midwestern pa after all, excellent. them to his grandmother and sobbed: "This per (taken by the Plain Dealer photographer). He applied :first at the Plain Dealer. The is what we did in Vietnam." The old woman A typewritten message on top of the picture Plain Dealer ha.d acted eternally gra.te!ul for collapsed. above the back of Ron's head, which said: his photographs and their international But we also had other things on our minds "It's too bad they didn't kill you when fame and, he figured, they might hire him that day. That morning's Times carried this you were in Vietnam as they are a bunch of for $170 a. week. He was wrong. He was told, auspicious item: animals--our boys shouldn't be there but in the most politic executivese, that all the An AP story quoted a Pentagon official at you, a gun would be good for you." photo jobs were filled but that he would be a conference in Brussels saying the Pentagon Scrawled with red pencil, with an arrow put on a waiting list. He figured his pic was seeking ways in which Haeberle could pointing to his left eye: cut throat SB you." tures had given him a "bad image" and tried be prosecuted for "hindering the investiga Red-penciled onto his right cheek, from his to convince the Plain Dealer to run another tion." sideburns to his nose. "You will get it." page of his photographs. This would show Moore told Ron it seemed "unlikely but A blood-red line went from his right ear, the other side of the war----the other half of possible" that the Pentagon would press around his throat, to his left ear, where there the Kiwanis Club show: Gis han
