Inter-Personal Conflicts As the Inhibiting Factors
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INTER-PERSONAL CONFLICTS AS THE INHIBITING FACTORS OF COLONEL LANSER'S DUTIES AS AN ARMY COMMANDER IN AN INVADED TOWN AS SEEN IN JOHN STEINBECK'S THE MOON IS DOWN A Thesis Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements to Obtain the Sarjana Pendidikan Degree in English Language Education In English Language Education By: BUDHI SATRIO Student Number: 991214141 ENGLISH LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM LANGUAGE AND ARTS EDUCATION DEPARTMENT TEACHERS TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY SANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY YOGYAKARTA 2007 i FAILURE IS NOT AN OPTION (Gene Kranzt) Dedicated to: Papa & Mama, Flora & Dea v ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First of all, I would like to express my greatest gratitude to my beloved parents, Antonius Haryoto and Fransiska Sunarni for their amazing and never ending pray, love, patience, and support during my study and the completion of my thesis. I would like to express my deepest gratitude and appreciation to Drs. Antonius Herujiyanto, M.A., Ph.D., as my major sponsor and Drs. L. Bambang Hendarto Y., M.Hum., as my co-sponsor, for their guidance, correction, and contribution of ideas on this thesis. I also thank them for their invaluable patience and encouragement during the accomplishment of this thesis. I would like to thank all my lecturers who have shared their knowledge and encouragement during my study in the English Education Study Program of Sanata Dharma University. Special thank also goes to all PBI staffs for their help and friendliness during my study in Sanata Dharma University. My deepest love and appreciation go to Flora Maharani, S.Pd. and Dominica Bungadea, who have been, my source of spirit, love and support and who always pray in their love for my happiness and success. I thank them for being my faithful comrades in life. My special thank goes to my beloved brother, Dionisius Budhi Prakoso for his amazing love, support and pray for me during the good times and the bad. I also thank Poca, Bang Yandhi, and Christabel for their attention to me. My special love and thank also go to Sutopo Martinus and Maria for being wonderful best friends that I can relay on. vi My deep gratitude goes to Bpk. J.D. Wagijo and family, Mbak Tari, Mas Silo, Mas Momo, Mbak Denok, Mbak Srie and Yuli who always help and accept me with open arms during the hardest time in my life. It is an honor to be a member of this family. I would like to thank all PBI'99 especially Topo, Marga, Lino "pakde", Bodro, Hadi, Filemon, Robert "item", Rika and Domie. I also would like to thank all my friends in Parquet Volkswagen Community especially Subuh, Wulung, Gigih "Kombi" and Heri who always remind me to focus on my thesis every time I get too busy with my beloved Volkswagen. Last but not least, I would like to thank all my friends in Sickness Groupen; Jarot, Luwak, Roni, Kamra, Yudhi who have shared wonderful moments of friendship since 1999. Keep on rocking and rolling, brothers! vii TABLE OF CONTENTS Page TITLE PAGE .......................................................................................................... i PAGE OF APPROVAL ..........................................................................................ii PAGE OF BOARD EXAMINERS ........................................................................iii STATEMENT OF WORK'S ORIGINALITY ....................................................... iv PAGE OF DEDICATION ....................................................................................... v ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................... vi TABLE OF CONTENT .......................................................................................viii ABSTRACT ..........................................................................................................xii ABSTRAK .............................................................................................................xiii CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION A. Background of the Study..................................................................................... 1 B. Objectives of the Study ...................................................................................... 3 C. Problem Formulation .......................................................................................... 3 D. Benefits of the Study .......................................................................................... 4 E. Definition of Terms ............................................................................................ 4 CHAPTER II: THEORETICAL REVIEW A. Review Related to Literature............................................................................... 7 1. Theory of Literature ....................................................................................... 7 a. Character ..................................................................................................... 7 viii b. Characterization .......................................................................................... 9 c. Critical Approach in Literary Study.......................................................... 11 2. Theory of Psychology .................................................................................. 13 a. Conflict...................................................................................................... 13 b. Conflict Resolution ................................................................................... 14 B. Review of Norway Condition during World War II ......................................... 19 C. Criticism ............................................................................................................ 20 D. Theoretical Framework ..................................................................................... 22 CHAPTER III: METHODOLOGY A. Subject Matter ................................................................................................... 23 B. Approach ........................................................................................................... 24 C. Procedure........................................................................................................... 25 D. Organization of the Study ................................................................................. 26 CHAPTER IV: ANALYSIS A. The Description of Colonel Lanser's Characteristics ........................................ 28 1. Stiff............................................................................................................... 29 2. War- experienced ......................................................................................... 31 3. Well- trained................................................................................................. 32 4. Smart ............................................................................................................ 33 5. Wise.............................................................................................................. 34 B. The Inter-Personal Conflicts as the Inhibiting Factors of Colonel Lanser’s Duties in Carrying Out His Orders ....................................... 36 ix 1. Colonel Lanser’s Duties as an army commander in the invaded town a. Occupying the town ................................................................................. 36 b. Making the local coal miners mine the earth for the coal and ship it ....................................................................................................... 37 c. Getting along with town people with little friction as possible ............... 37 d. Maintaining order in the invaded town .................................................... 38 2. Colonel Lanser’s Inter-Personal Conflicts and its Resolution .................... 39 a. The Conflict against Mayor Orden ........................................................... 40 1). Mayor Orden’s Refusal to be his collaborator ..................................... 40 2). Mayor Orden’s as the leader of the rebellious people ......................... 42 b. Conflict against his mentally-down soldiers ............................................ 45 c. Conflict against town people .................................................................... 47 1). The dead of two Colonel Lanser’s officers by the town people ................................................................................................... 47 2). The sabotage of coal mine equipments and rail road tracks by town people and coal miners ................................................................ 49 3). The escape of some town people to England seeking for support to fight the invader ............................................................................... 51 CHAPTER V: CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS A. Conclusions ...................................................................................................... 56 B. Suggestions ....................................................................................................... 59 1. Suggestion for Future Researchers .............................................................. 59 2. Suggestion for the Teaching and Learning Extensive Reading I using The Moon is Down ............................................................................. 60 x BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................. 63 APPENDICES: Appendix 1: Summary of The Moon is Down ...................................................... 65 Appendix 2: Cover of the Novel ..........................................................................