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Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme 2016 Pilot Grasslands Learn Plant

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Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme 2016 Pilot Grasslands Learn Plant Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme 2016 Pilot Grasslands Help track changes in Ireland’s Flora Learn plant identification and help track changes in Ireland’s Flora Introduction What is it? The Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme has been developed so that we can better understand our environment and track changes in Ireland’s Flora. The scheme sets out to encourage, support and co-ordinate volunteers interested in botanical recording. It is also a fantastic learning experience, especially for beginners as you will be provided with ID guides, a structured way to record and a learning support system. Why should I take part? By taking part in the Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme you will be contributing to a national recording scheme, which will go on to help track changes in Ireland’s Flora. There is ample opportunity for you to upskill and learn more about plants, particularly if you are a beginner to botany. There is also a great opportunity for volunteers who are already familiar with wildflowers to learn new groups (grasses, sedges, etc.). The scheme enables you to claim a 1km² site to record within, there is potential for you to track changes (species, habitats, threats, etc.) in these sites into the future. This is particularly useful if you already regularly record at the site but aren’t making comprehensive lists of species, habitat type or potential threats. Methodology The entire scheme is managed using an online system at: (https://surveys.biodiversityireland.ie) This site allows you claim your survey site and is where you will submit your data. • Request 1km² site using online system (https://surveys.biodiversityireland.ie) • You can choose between a Priority site, Additional site or your own Elected site. • Priority Site – 40 sites which need to be covered for the survey, if there is one near you or you feel that you want to take on a priority site, that would be great! • Additional Site – Find sites which are local to you, with so many sites across the country you’re likely to find one which isn’t too far away. • Elected Site – If you would like to add a site, please get in touch and we will add the 1km² to the online system. • Make sure to get landowners permission before you start your survey. • Visit your chosen grassland site and take note of habitats and any other interesting features (geographical, archaeological, etc.). • A minimum of two plots should be carried out, if you feel that your site is extremely diverse then up to five plots can be carried out. • The plots should be a representative sample of the site you are studying. This will involve walking the area beforehand and then placing your plot in an area that you feel best represents the entire grassland. For example if the majority of your site includes grasses while only a very small amount contains wildflowers, do not complete all plots within the wildflower area, as it would not be representative of the entire area. While it may be difficult, try to be impartial and only use the results you have gained from walking around your site to influence your plot positioning. • Try and keep your plot away from heavily shaded treelines and walls as this will give skewed results. It is also important not to pick the area that looks the most or least interesting, being unbiased, impartial and using only the information you have gained from your initial assessment of the overall site. Methodology • Mark out a 2x2m plot – record all species found within (use identification guides to assist in the identification of plant species. You may come across certain species which are difficult to identify, use this booklet or other publications for help. If you can not work out what the species is then it is good to take detailed pictures of the plant (flower, leaves, overall form and any other distinctive features). Again, while high quality, detailed pictures are best, as long as the picture is clear and the features in focus (not blurry) then it should still be possible to get an identification. • While completing your plots and identifying species you should also assess the percentage cover of the plants present within your plot. • Any additional information or pictures relating to your site or plots (potential threats, land use and signs of management, etc.) are also very useful. Map Examples A copy of the site map (above) and the a user created site map (below). Plots 2m 2m 2m 2m 2X2m marked out with rope. Examples of marked out plots, all are ready to record in. The easiest way to mark out your plot is to use some rope/cord/tape and pegs. It’s much easier to pre-mark your cord before doing your site visit or to bring measuring tape. Recording Species This booklet aims to aid the identification of plants found during the recording season of the Irish Plant Monitoring Scheme. The plants below where chosen due to the likelihood that you would come across them on this survey, the basis for this choice is the Irish Semi-natural Grassland Survey 2007-2012. Some species and families are particularly difficult to identify, so we have developed online ID Guides for these tricky groups. If you see ID Guide beside your species you can find more detailed identification help. These can be accessed at – http://www.biodiversityireland.ie/projects/vascular-plants/plant-monitoring- scheme/resources/ There are also guides for grasses, sedges, rushes and other trickier groups online at the above site. - More likely to be found in a wet grassland. - More likely to be found in a dry grassland . Throughout this booklet the structure is – Common Name (Scientific name) (Flowering period) Irish Name Family Name Flowering period is displayed using numbers: 1 = January 12 = December So a flowering period between May and July would be (5-7). If you have never taken part or completed a survey like this, it can be useful to have a systematic approach to recording, especially if your are in an incredibly diverse site, as the number of species may appear daunting. • Record wildflowers first – you can make this recording more systematic by choosing to record by colour, taking blue flowers first, then purple, pink, white etc.. This will allow you maximise the usefulness of this booklet as this is also the order that species are displayed. • Record grasses/sedges/rushes – After recording the wildflowers that you know, it is best to move on to a slightly trickier group. There are online guides to help with grasses, sedges and rushes. • Take photographs - If you can not identify the species, be sure to take multiple photos. Be sure to get a picture of the flower, leaves, overall form and any other features which you feel may be useful to the identification. Try to get your photos clear and in focus and take lots from many different angles, the defining feature of the species may not be visible in a top-down picture. Take notes along with your photos, in particular height, the more information you give the better the chances are to get a correct identification. [ Pictures can be sent to [email protected] ] • Take samples - If you can not identify the species, you can take a sample back with you, in order to use a more comprehensive guide or key. If you take a sample (you will need to take the entire plant with you, be sure to pull the plant up and take basal leaves also) and still can not find the species be sure to safely store, so that you can show the species to a determiner at a later date. Only take a sample if there is a good population of the species growing in the location. Leaf Plate Oisín Duffy Oisín Duffy Trifoliate Heart-Shaped & Glossy Oisín Duffy Oisín Duffy Oisín Duffy Oisín Duffy Lanceolate Pinnate Trifoliate & Toothed Hairy & lobed Petals Sepals Sepals Petals Stem Stem Oisín Duffy Oisín Duffy Structure of a flower Structure of a flower Useful ID Guides • Wildflowers of Ireland – A Field Guide – Zoe Devlin • The Wildflower Key – Francis Rose • An Irish Flora – John Parnell and Tom Curtis • Biodiversity Ireland Grass Guide – Úna Fitzpatrick, Lynda Weekes & Mark Wright Brooklime (Veronica beccabunga) (5-9) Germander Speedwell (Veronica chamaedrys) (5-7) Lochall Veronicaceae ID Guide Lus cré talún Veronicaceae ID Guide • Creeping plant. • Low growing and hairy • Blue flower growing in plant. pairs of spikes. • Flowers are blue and • Leaves opposite, main stem has distinctive fleshy and hairless fringe of hairs. Zoe Devlin Zoe Devlin Oisín Duffy • Leaves opposite, oval and Up to 30cm Up to 20cm toothed. Heath Speedwell (Veronica officinalis) (5-8) Marsh Speedwell (Veronica scutellata) (6-8) Lus cré Veronicaceae ID Guide Lus cré corraigh Veronicaceae ID Guide • Small, upright plant • Creeping plant. forming a narrowing • Pale blue (sometimes white) spike. flowers on the end of weak, • Flowers pale blue to fragile looking stems. lilac. • Leaves opposite unstalked, Zoe Devlin Zoe Devlin Oisín Duffy • Leaves opposite, hairy, lanceolate. Up to 10cm oval and toothed. Up to 20cm Thyme-leaved Speedwell (Veronica serpyllifolia) (4-10) Wood Speedwell (Veronica montana) (4-7) Lus an treacha Veronicaceae ID Guide Lus cre coille Veronicaceae ID Guide • Dainty, creeping • Small, upright plant. plant. • Flowers are blue and white and • Lilac flowers with form loose spikes around the stems which are stem. hairy on all sides. • Leaves oval, glossy and slightly Oisín Duffy • Leaves, opposite toothed. Zoe Devlin Up to 20cm Up to 20cm oval and toothed. Tufted Forget-me-not (Myosotis laxa) (5-10) Water Forget-me-not (Myosotis scorpioides) (5-10) Ceotharnach beag Boraginaceae ID Guide Ceotharnach uisce Boraginaceae ID Guide • • Upright plant.
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