DOCSLIB.ORG

View Publication

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
View Publication 188 Special Nature Reserve Milesevka and the Mileseva Monastery Nadezda Pesic, Svetlana Dingarac and Dimitrije Pesic Introduction and history of the by the Institute for the Protection of Cul- legal protection of the site tural Monuments of Serbia. In south-western Serbia, on the territory The protected natural environment of the former state of Raska, on the adds to the character and the beauty banks of River Milesevka, lies a spiritu- of the monastery. The surroundings of ally, culturally, historically and artistical- Mileseva are dominated by the canyon ly very important monument of the of River Milesevka, with a mediaeval country’s past, the Mileseva Monastery. fortification on the rocky top and mo- It became the most holy place of the nastic cells high above the river. The Serbian Orthodox Church, and people area of 290 ha is protected as a natu- after the relics of St Sava have been ral, cultural and historic complex. In transferred there from Trnovo (Bulgaria) 1990, the Institute for Nature Protection in 1236. From that time on the Mileseva of Serbia declared the surroundings of Monastery became a place of pilgrim- the monastery as a protected area of age of the Serbian people and other natural and cultural importance called Orthodox nations from the Balkans. It the Protected Natural Surroundings of was declared a ‘Cultural property of ex- the Mileseva Monastery, managed by ceptional national significance’ in 1979 the Serbian Orthodox Church. < The White Angel from the scene the Holy Women at the Sepulchre. 189 The Special Nature Reserve Milesevka and the Protected Natural Surroundings of the Mileseva Monastery. The gorge of River Milesevka was des- Natural values ignated as a Regional Nature Park in The Special Nature Reserve Milesevka 1976. Now, the protected area is is situated between the two mountains planned to be designated as a Special Zlatar (1627 m) and Jadovnik (1734 m). Nature Reserve of 1236 hectares in The canyon is characterised by unique size. The State Enterprise for Forest wild and rough nature, picturesque Management `Srbijasume` is in charge landscapes, inaccessible paths and the of the management of Milesevka Re- steep rock formations that sometimes gional Nature Park. rise to a height of 300 m and descend The Milesevka Gorge is proposed for almost vertically towards the riverbed. designation as an IUCN Category IV. The gorge is 24 km long and it ends As a site of national and international near the Mileseva Monastery. Walking importance, the Milesevka Gorge is in- through the gorge is possible only via a cluded in the list of ‘Important Birds narrow path carved into the cliffs. Areas in Europe, BirdLife 2000’ (YU 21 The flagship species of the protected SE). It is also included in the ecologi- area is the griffon vulture (Gyps ful- cal network ‘Emerald’, this being a pre- vus). The bird is protected as a rare paratory step towards an inclusion in species as it had almost disappeared. the Natura 2000 network. The Ministry Thanks to the efforts of experts and of Environment and Spatial Planning volunteers, the number of birds has and the Institute for Nature Conserva- multiplied, and currently, Serbia has tion of Serbia are responsible for moni- the largest griffon vulture populations toring and protection of the protected in the Balkan countries. The vulture is area. considered a holy bird among the 190 Serbs. From the eleventh century to ing, adrenalin tours through Milesevka the present times, it has been on the gorge, photo safaris, visits to spiritual, Serbian state coat of arms. historic and cultural monuments, rural tourism etc. Visit to the Reserves is re- On the other hand, there are 30 en- stricted to small groups. The local pop- demic taxa in the gorge’s flora (Ma- ulation does not endanger the griffon tovic, 1992). Eight species are consid- vultures with their everyday activities. ered rare. The fauna is represented by 24 species of mammals, many of those The Milesevka Gorge is considered a considered rare (bear, otter, wild sacred place by the Orthodox Chris- boar…). There are 73 species of birds, tians, because St Sava’s body rested 38 of those rare and of international im- there. His spirit has been protecting portance (such as Gyps fulvus, Aquila the gorge and all visitors with good in- chrysaetos, Falco tinnunculus, Crex tentions. The opposite is true as well: crex, Falco peregrinus, Alectoris grae- all actions that could impair the gorge ca, Bubo bubo, Alauda arvensis, Ti- bring misfortune. chodroma muraria, Lanius collurio…). The activities in the Reserves are gen- Cultural heritage erally focused on supervising and maintaining the protected areas. Tourist The Raska region has been consid- activities include trekking, bird watch- ered holy since the beginning of the The Mileseva Monastery (1219-1235). 191 twelfth century, when the first Serbian er, it became the most holy place of state had been established by the sac- Serbia after the transfer of the relics of rosanct Nemanjic dynasty. It had ruled St Sava. St Sava (1174–1235) is widely over the Serbian lands continuously considered as the most important fig- during the period of more than two ure of Serbian history and is canonised centuries (1166–1371). Kings from the and venerated by the Serbian Ortho- holy Nemanjic dynasty established the dox Church. St Sava was an Orthodox Serbian spirituality: the Serbian Ortho- monk, the first Archbishop of the Serbi- dox church, Svetosavlje (Saintsava- an Orthodox Church, a diplomat, writ- ism), literacy, literature, legislation and er, legislator and founder of several im- school system. Deeply religious and portant medieval monasteries. devoted to Orthodoxy, all the rulers of Since that time the Mileseva Monastery this family were generous donors who has been the spiritual and cultural cen- erected many magnificent monasteries tre of this region and a place of pil- and churches all over Serbia and even grimage for the Serbians and other Or- on Mount Athos (Hilandar). Until pre- thodox nations from the Balkans (Kan- sent times all of them are important dic, 1995). This tradition has never spiritual places, with valuable monu- been interrupted throughout the centu- ments of medieval construction and ar- ries until present times, despite many chitecture and galleries of the most different historical influences (the Turk- beautiful fresco paintings. ish occupation, wars, communism…). The Mileseva Monastery was erected Thus, Mileseva became a centre of between 1219 and 1235 by King hope, courage, and inspiration for the Vladislav Nemanjic. Although the mon- Serbian struggle against the Turkish astery was already important and well- occupation. Many miracles took place known as the burial place of its found- at the grave of St Sava in the Mileseva The Mileseva Monastery, the Milesevac fortress, the River Milesevka Gorge and the village of Hisardzik make up a natural, cultural and historical complex. 192 monastery. The Venetian diplomat portant spiritual and cultural centre Ramberty, who visited Mileseva in with a scriptorium and a library, where 1534, wrote that not only Serbs, but original works of Serbian literature also Muslims and Jews were visiting were copied. Also, one of the oldest the monastery and asking for healing. schools of Serbia existed in the mon- astery. In 1544, one of the first printing Mileseva was ranked second among houses in Serbia was established in all Serbian monasteries. In the golden the monastery (Nemirovski, 1996). The age of Serbia, during the Nemanjic dy- monks printed two books: the Psalter nasty, the monastic community in the in 1544 and the Prayer Book in 1546. A Mileseva Monastery counted around second edition of the Psalter was print- 300 monks. In 1377 the church saw the ed in 1557. The printing house was lo- coronation of Stjepan Tvrtko Kotroman- cated and assembled in a secret hid- ic as the king of Bosnia and Serbia, ing place in the sub-dome area of the while in 1466 Stephan Vukcic Kosaca outer narthex. Manuscripts and printed received the title the `Duke of St Sava’. books were disseminated throughout The monastery, an artistic and ecclesi- Europe owing several destructions of astical-political centre, situated at one the monastery, the migrations of the of the chief stopping places on an im- Serbian population during the rule of portant international trade route served the Ottoman Turks, the riots against the as the intersection of influences from Ottoman Turks, and wars. Today, only a Eastern and Western Europe for few manuscripts and printed books are centuries. kept in the renewed treasury. The church of Mileseva is dedicated to The monastery was torn down many the Ascension of the Lord and is built times in its history, as also other Serbi- in the traditional style of the Raska re- an holy places. The first time the mon- gion. Mileseva’s thirteenth century astery was ruined in 1459 by the Otto- frescoes are considered to be one of man Turks. It was renewed and recon- the best samples of painting in Europe structed with the help of the Grand Vi- of that time (Cmiljanovic, 2009). One of zier Mehmed Pasha and his close rela- the most famous Mileseva frescoes is tive Patriarch Makarije Sokolovic. In the White Angel from the scene of the 1624 the raging stream took a part of Holy Women at the Sepulchre, as well the yard away together with some ob- as a fresco with the portraits of family jects. The monks completely recon- members of the Nemanjics. The structed the church and other build- Mileseva portraits of the first Nemanjic ings with the help of the Russian em- family members were made while they perors. During the Austrian-Turkish were still alive and therefore are of War of 1689–90, the Mileseva Monas- great historical value.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Montenegro's Tribal Legacy
    WARNING! The views expressed in FMSO publications and reports are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official policy or position of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Montenegro's Tribal Legacy by Major Steven C. Calhoun, US Army Foreign Military Studies Office, Fort Leavenworth, KS. This article appeared in Military Review July-August 2000 The mentality of our people is still very patriarchal. Here the knife, revenge and a tribal (plemenski) system exist as nowhere else.1 The whole country is interconnected and almost everyone knows everyone else. Montenegro is nothing but a large family—all of this augurs nothing good. —Mihajlo Dedejic2 When the military receives an order to deploy into a particular area, planners focus on the terrain so the military can use the ground to its advantage. Montenegro provides an abundance of terrain to study, and it is apparent from the rugged karst topography how this tiny republic received its moniker—the Black Mountain. The territory of Montenegro borders Croatia, Bosnia- Herzegovina, Serbia and Albania and is about the size of Connecticut. Together with the much larger republic of Serbia, Montenegro makes up the current Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (FRY). But the jagged terrain of Montenegro is only part of the military equation. Montenegro has a complex, multilayered society in which tribe and clan can still influence attitudes and loyalties. Misunderstanding tribal dynamics can lead a mission to failure. Russian misunderstanding of tribal and clan influence led to unsuccessful interventions in Afghanistan and Chechnya.3 In Afghanistan, the rural population's tribal organization facilitated their initial resistance to the Soviets.
    [Show full text]
  • SNV Bulletin #14 Historijski Revizionizam, Govor Mržnje I Nasilje Prema Srbima U 2017
    SNV Bulletin #14 Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2017. / SNV Bulletin #14 Impressum Bulletin #14: Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2017. Izdavači / Srpsko narodno vijeće i Vijeće srpske nacionalne manjine Grada Zagreba zA IZDAVAČA / Milorad Pupovac urednik / Saša Milošević autorica / Tamara Opačić autori analize facebook komentara / Nina Čolović i Filip Rodik dizajn / Parabureau Tisak / IT Graf Tiraža / 600 ISSN / 1849-7314 ISBN / 978-953-7442-42-2 CIP zapis je dostupan u računalnome katalogu Nacionalne i sveučilišne knjižnice u Zagrebu pod brojem 000992494. podrška / Ured za ljudska prava i prava nacionalnih manjina VRH Grad Zagreb Zagreb, april 2018. fotografija na naslovnici: Marko Lukunić / pixsell SNV Bulletin #14 Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2017. / Historijski revizionizam, govor mržnje i nasilje prema Srbima u 2017. / 5 Uvod "Prišla nam je grupa od neka tri, četiri čovjeka od 40-ak godina. Vidno alkoholizirani počeli su nam psovati 'majku četničku' i govorili 'kako nas nije sramota dolaziti u Zagreb'. Žena i ja smo se samo pogledali, šutjeli smo. Što ćemo, tu su nam bila mala djeca. Sačekali smo da se izdivljaju, to je trajalo, onako, neko vrijeme i onda su otišli uz poruku da će, ako se vratimo, srediti i nas i djecu", prisjetio se Dušan Kovače- vić, direktor novosadskog festivala Exit, svog posjeta Zagrebu. Opi- sani događaj dogodio se sredinom februara 2017. godine, u mjesecu kada su na ulicama Vukovara osvanule naljepnice kojima se poziva na vješanje Srba i kada su članovi ekstremno desne Autohtone - Hrvat- ske stranke prava (A-HSP) u crnim uniformama marširali glavnim gra- dom Hrvatske.
    [Show full text]
  • Mythistory in a Nationalist Age
    MYTHISTORY IN A NATIONALIST AGE: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SERBIAN AND GREEK POSTMODERN FICTION by TATJANA ALEKSIĆ A Dissertation submitted to the Graduate School-New Brunswick Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate Program in Comparative Literature written under the direction of Professor Marie Josephine Diamond New Brunswick, New Jersey May, 2007 © 2007 Tatjana Aleksić ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION Mythistory in a Nationalist Age: A Comparative Analysis of Serbian and Greek Postmodern Fiction By TATJANA ALEKSIĆ Dissertation Director: M. Josephine Diamond The dissertation is a study of postmodern Serbian and Greek novels that reflect the most recent historical trauma in the Balkans. The texts I analyze in specific chapters are Eugenia Fakinou’s The Seventh Garment (1983), Milorad Pavić’s The Dictionary of the Khazars (1984), Rhea Galanaki’s The Life of Ismail Ferik-Pasha (1989), and David Albahari’s Bait (1996). The appropriation of the term ‘mythistory’ as a key concept in defining the postmodern narratives analyzed in my dissertation derives from the absence of a clear distinction between mythological and historical national origins. In the Serbian texts analyzed interrogations of history feature as the dominant narrative mode, while even in historically informed Greek texts mythical subtext often figures as the cardinal referent. A possible reason for such a broad appropriation of myth lies in the claim of late 18th-century Greek nationalists to the classical glory of Ancient Greece. This liaison enabled the closure of the gap between the classical period of, predominantly mythically informed, Greek antiquity and post-Ottoman Greek modernity.
    [Show full text]
  • Supernatural Beings) Andatreasuryof and Reality),Odajdadozlatoroga–Slovenskabajeslovnabitja(Fromajd Research
    Monika Kropej Focusing on Slovenian mythology, the book contains a review of Slovenian mythological, historical, and narrative material. Over 150 supernatural beings are presented, both lexically and according to the role SUPERNATURAL that they have in Slovenian folklore. ey are classied by type, characteristic features, and by the message conveyed in their motifs and contents. e material has been analysed in the context of European and BEINGS some non-European mythological concepts, and the author deals with FROM SLOVENIAN MYTH AND FOLKTALES theory and interpretations as well as the conclusions of domestic and foreign researchers. e book forms new starting points and a C classication of supernatural beings within a frame of a number of M sources, some of which have been published for the rst time in this book. Y CM Monika Kropej is a Research Advisor of the Institute of Slovenian MY Ethnology at the Scientic Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of CY CMY Sciences and Arts, where she works in the section for folk narrative K research. She is the author of the books Pravljica in stvarnost (Folk Tale and Reality), Od ajda do zlatoroga – Slovenska bajeslovna bitja (From Ajd to Goldenhorn – Slovenian Supernatural Beings) and A Treasury of Slovenian Folk Tales. She is co-editor of the journal Studia mythologica Slavica, and a recipient of the 1996 Golden Emblem of the Scientic Research Centre of the Slovenian Academy of Sciences and Arts. AND FOLKTALES MYTH FROM SLOVENIAN BEINGS SUPERNATURAL 29 € ISSN 1581-9744 Kropej Monika 7896129 544287
    [Show full text]
  • A Guide to Exceptional Roots Music in Serbia Vodič Za Izuzetnu Izvornu Muziku U Srbiji
    BALKAN ECHO this publication has been realized exclusively for promotion of Serbia at the World music expo Womex 2018 A GUIDE TO EXcePTIonal RooTS MUSIC IN SerbIA and other promotions of Serbia roots, folk and world music abroad. NOT For Sale! Published by: World music association of Serbia • www.worldmusic.org.rs Vodič za izuzetnu izVornu muziku u Srbiji MUSIC FormS From The NATIonal RegISTRY ISBN 978-86-89607-27-7 COBISS.SR-ID 267086604 OF The InTangIble CULTUral HerITage OF SerbIA OBRAD MILIĆ MOBA 1 RALOM ORE 13 žanjem žito STARINA RADOJE i na uže sLažem WMAS cd 287 IZVOR DALIBOR 2 Tri puT Ti čukna 14 MLADENOVIĆ prizrenka devOjka SVETLANA 3 SPAJIĆ GROUP SLOBODAN GALE Oj, krajinO, mOja 15 DIMITRIJEVIĆ MILA MATI OsampuTka MILOŠ NIKOLIĆ SERBOPLOV 4 pasTirska svirka 16 zavrzLama kolo BOKAN 5 STANKOVIĆ VED Laskavac kolo 17 TRIO GEL BAIM, GEL NEDA 6 NIKOLIĆ ALEKSANDAR Moravac kolo 18 TAUŠAN akademija gusaLa TOMKA PAUNOVIĆ 7 AND DRAGICA ŽUNIĆ BOJANA AND Oj, LivadO, Oj, 19 NEBOJŠA BRDARIĆ ZELENA a kude si biLa, mOri, karakOcO BRANIMIR 8 STOŠIĆ KACE SVETLANA kaži, suto, kaži, 20 SPAJIĆ GROUP DUšO čeTiri djevOjačke PJESME BALKAN ECHO . SINOVI KRAJINE 9 O, jabukO, BOKAN STANKOVIĆ mOja zeLenikO 21 LAGALA DANA davina and BOJANA AND Polomka A GUIDE TO EXcePTIonal RooTS MUSIC IN SerbIA 10 NEBOJŠA BRDARIĆ SEJA BRATA NA MILOLJUB ŠAKOVIĆ večeru zvaLa 22 AND MIROLJUB RAKETIĆ Vodič za izuzetnu izVornu muziku u Srbiji VANJA ILIJEV AND dva goluba, 11 MAKSIM MUDRINIĆ dvije pTice EXCEPTIONAL TODORE OBRAD MILIĆ ROOTS MUSIC MUSIC FormS From The NATIonal RegISTRY LEPI JOVA 23 Oj, žegaru, 12 JovinO kolo kupusOva čOrbO IN SERBIA OF The InTangIble CULTUral HerITage OF SerbIA SERBIA: BALKAN ECHO CONTENT A GUIDE TO EXcePTIonal RooTS MUSIC IN SerbIA Vodič za izuzetnu izVornu muziku u Srbiji SADRŽAJ MUSIC FormS From The NATIonal RegISTRY OF The InTangIble CULTUral HerITage OF SerbIA FROM THE EDITORIAL TEAM CONTACTS Published by: Savić, p.
    [Show full text]
  • Can Non Typical Traditional Forms of Sacral Space Serve As a Guide in the Development of New Forms of Religious Architecture in Serbian Orthodox Church?
    Can non typical traditional forms of sacral space serve as a guide in the development of new forms of religious architecture in Serbian Orthodox Church? ¿Pueden las formas tradicionales atípicas de espacio sacro servir de guía en el desarrollo de nuevas formas de arquitectura religiosa de la Iglesia Ortodoxa Serbia? Bozidar Manic, Igor Maric, Ana Nikovic · Institute of Architecture and Urban & Spatial Planning of Serbia https://doi.org/10.17979/aarc.2013.3.0.5083 RESUMEN Este artículo presenta las posibilidades de desarrollo de nuevas formas de arquitectura religiosa en la Iglesia Ortodoxa Serbia, sobre la base de ciertas tradiciones. La situación actual en este ámbito se analiza con especial énfasis en los edificios y espa- cios religiosos atípicos. Los autores muestran que la dominación del tradicionalismo en la expresión arquitectónica no está basada en restricciones canónicas, sino el resultado del esfuerzo de establecer la continuidad interrumpida mediante la imita- cion de formas de épocas anteriores. La libertad de creación arquitectónica en este campo se justifica observando con la varie- dad de las formas existentes a través de la historia, entre las cuales los zapis son particularmente interesantes. ABSTRACT This paper presents the possibilities of the development of new forms of religious architecture in Serbian Orthodox Church, on the basis of certain traditions. Current situation in this field is analyzed with special emphasis on non-typical religious buildings and spaces. The authors show that the domination of traditionalism in architectural expression is not based on the canonical res- trictions, but rather the result of striving to establish the interrupted continuity by replicating forms from previous époques.
    [Show full text]
  • The Diversity of Sacred Lands in Europe
    The Diversity of Sacred Lands in Europe Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the Delos Initiative – Inari/Aanaar 2010 Inari/Aanaar 2010 Inari/Aanaar Edited by Josep-Maria Mallarach, Thymio Papayannis and Rauno Väisänen International Union for Conservation of Nature World Headquarters Rue Mauverney 28 1196 Gland, Switzerland Tel +41 22 999 0000 Fax +41 22 999 0002 www.iucn.org The Diversity of Sacred Lands of Sacred in Europe The Diversity YMPÄRISTÖMINISTERIÖ MILJÖMINISTERIET MINISTRY OF THE ENVIRONMENT The Diversity of Sacred Lands in Europe Proceedings of the Third Workshop of the Delos Initiative The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of the material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IUCN, Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services, The Delos Initiative or other participating organisations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of IUCN, Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services, The Delos Initiative or other participating organisations. This publication has been made possible by funding from the Ministry of the Environment, Finland, and Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services. Published by: IUCN, Gland, Switzerland in collaboration with Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services, Vantaa, Finland. Copyright: © 2012 All authors for their respective contributions, International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources, and Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services. Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non-commercial purposes is authorised without prior written permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged.
    [Show full text]