Holl Thesis Eiddwen Terfynol

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Holl Thesis Eiddwen Terfynol Bangor University DOETHUR MEWN ATHRONIAETH Agweddau ar brofiad merch yn oes Fictoria: Dwy nofel hanesyddol Jones, Eiddwen Award date: 2014 Awarding institution: Prifysgol Bangor Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 29. Sep. 2021 1 Agweddau ar brofiad merch yn Oes Fictoria: Dwy nofel hanesyddol Eiddwen Jones Traethawd ar gyfer gradd PhD, Prifysgol Bangor Cyflwynwyd ym mis Mawrth 2014 2 Cynnwys Crynodeb …………………………………………………… 3 Ddoe a Heddiw’n Un …………………………………….. … 4 Cwlwm Creulon ………………………………………………... Trafodaeth ar y gwaith o lunio’r ddwy nofel ………….….. Llyfryddiaeth ……………………………………………… 3 CRYNODEB Ceir yn y portffolio creadigol hwn ddwy nofel hanesyddol sydd yn edrych ar agweddau ar brofiadau merch yn Oes Fictoria. Dilynir y ddwy nofel gan drafodaeth feirniadol sydd yn olrhain cefndir y ddwy nofel, yr elfennau canolog ynddynt a’r hyn a fu’n sbardun iddynt. Mae profiadau merch yn ganolog i’r ddwy nofel. Mae’r nofel gyntaf, Ddoe a Heddiw’n Un, yn sôn am foddi Dyffryn Efyrnwy ym Maldwyn er mwyn darparu cyflenwad ychwanegol o ddŵr i ddinas Lerpwl ar derfyn y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg. Mae’n stori sydd wedi ei hen anghofio gan bobl Cymru, fel y trafodir yn y drafodaeth ddilynol. Hyd yn oed yn y cyfnod pan foddwyd y dyffryn, anwybyddwyd trigolion yr hen Lanwddyn i bob pwrpas gan gyfryngau newyddion yr oes. Yn y nofel ceir hanes un teulu arbennig yng nghanol y chwalfa – eu trallod, a’u profedigaethau teuluol, a’r rheiny’n digwydd yn erbyn cefndir boddi’r dyffryn. Gan mai’r un yw profiadau pobl o bob oes, plethir i mewn i’r stori hanes teulu cyfoes a chanddynt gysylltiad â Llanwddyn a Lerpwl. Ddoe a Heddiw’n Un sydd yn ffurfio cnewyllyn y portffolio. Hon yw’r nofel fwyaf swmpus o’r ddwy a gyflwynir, a hon hefyd yw’r fwyaf soffistigedig ei gwead a’i themateg. O ganlyniad, mae’r drafodaeth feirniadol yn canolbwyntio’n helaeth ar y broses o lunio’r nofel hon. Teitl yr ail nofel yw Cwlwm Creulon. Mae hon yn nofel fyrrach a luniwyd yn yr un cyfnod â Ddoe a Heddiw’n Un, ac sydd yn arddangos elfennau tebyg o ran dull ymadrodd, ymchwil a themâu. Oherwydd hyn, nid aethpwyd i’r un manylder wrth drafod ei llunio, gan osgoi dyblygu’r drafodaeth. Pwysleisir mai nofel a luniwyd yn Saesneg yn wreiddiol oedd hon, ac iddi gael ei haddasu gennyf i’r Gymraeg. Mae hon yn nofel sydd wedi ei lleoli ym Mostyn, Sir y Fflint, a hefyd yn Kirkby in Furness, Cumbria. Cawn yma hanes Phoebe Hughes, morwyn yn y Caeau Gwylltion, fferm fawr yn ardal Mostyn, yn beichiogi o ganlyniad i’w pherthynas rywiol ag Ifan Lloyd, gwas yn y Coed Isaf, fferm gyfagos. Dangosir sut y mae’r ferch yn gorfod ysgwyddo’r cyfrifoldeb pan fo’r beichiogi’n digwydd, a darlunnir sut y mae cymdeithas y cyfnod yn ymateb i ddigwyddiad o’r fath. Mae’r drafodaeth sy’n dilyn y ddwy nofel yn olrhain proses ysgrifennu’r gwaith dros gyfnod o dair blynedd rhwng 2011 a 2014, gan drafod yr ymchwil cefndirol, ffurfiant y cymeriadau a’r dylanwadau a fu arnynt. 4 Ddoe a Heddiw’n Un CYFLWYNIAD Er cof am Tecwyn, fy mhriod annwyl am bron i 48 o flynyddoedd, a’i deulu fu’n byw yn yr hen Lanwddyn cyn y boddi. 5 RHAGAIR Nofel yw hon sy’n sôn am foddi Dyffryn Efyrnwy ym Maldwyn er mwyn darparu cyflenwad ychwanegol o ddŵr i ddinas Lerpwl ar derfyn y bedwaredd ganrif ar bymtheg. Gwneir pob ymdrech i sicrhau fod hanesion am foddi Llanwddyn ac adeiladu’r argae yn ffeithiol gywir, ond y mae’r cymeriadau yn ddychmygol. * Briw hen y Cwm a brynwyd,- yr erwau Er arian a werthwyd; Y brau feddau a faeddwyd, A’r Llan yn y dyfnder llwyd. A llwyd fel cen y llediaith – a dorrodd Ar gwm dewr ac uniaith; Rhy drwm fu gorthrwm ‘Y Gwaith’ A chost yr oer orchestwaith. (O awdl fuddugol John Evans, ‘Yr Argae’, Eisteddfod Genedlaethol 1954) 6 Pennod 1 Torrodd sŵn y cloc larwm fel seiren chwarel ar draws breuddwydion hyfryd Meira. “Tro’r hen beth yna i ffwrdd, Wil. Ydi hi erioed yn hanner awr wedi chwech?” mwmiodd rhwng cwsg ac effro. Rholiodd ar ei bol yn y gwely mawr cyfforddus yr oedd yn ei rannu gyda’i gŵr. Ateb Wil oedd rhoi ei fraich amdani,ei thynnu yn nes ato, ei chofleidio’n dyner a’i chusanu. Roeddent yn mwynhau’r agosatrwydd er iddynt fod yn briod ers deng mlynedd bellach. Roedd y noson gynt wedi bod yn hyfryd gyda’r cusanu, y cofleidio a’r dod ynghyd wedi bod yn berffaith. Dyna a ddaeth i feddwl Meira wrth i Wil ei chofleidio unwaith eto am hanner awr wedi chwech y bore. “Drycha Wil, rhaid i ni gallio. Dydd Mercher ydi hi ac mae gwaith yn galw. Fedrwn ni ddim gwagysmera fel rydan ni ar fore Sadwrn a Sul.” “Rwyt ti’n eitha reit, Ond tyrd, un gusan fach arall cyn i mi ddechrau meddwl am yr hen swyddfa ’na,” temtiodd Wil Meira yn ei acen ‘Ganolbarth’ gref. Suddodd Meira yn ôl i’w freichiau a bu cusanu a chofleidio tanbaid eto am rai eiliadau cyn iddi ymryddhau, neidio o’r gwely a rasio Wil i’r stafell molchi. Dyna pryd y cafodd sioc ei bywyd. Ar sil y ffenest gwelai ei thabledi atal-cenhedlu a sylweddolodd nad oedd wedi cymryd un y noson gynt cyn mynd i’r gwely! Dechreuodd gyfri’n wyllt a daeth i’r canlyniad ei bod yn amser o’r mis pan fyddai’n fwyaf ffrwythlon. Be ar wyneb y ddaear oedd wedi digwydd iddi? Pam y bu iddi anghofio? Be oedd hi’n mynd i wneud? Tybed oedd hi wedi cenhedlu, wedi’r caru gwyllt y noson gynt? Cododd cyfog yng ngwddw Meira. Doedd hi’n bendant ddim eisiau plant. Roedd gorfod gofalu am blant yn yr ysgol o naw hyd at dri yn fwy na digon. Nid oedd ganddi deimladau mamol o gwbl. Ar y llaw arall roedd Wil eisiau cychwyn teulu. Fedrai o ddim deall ei theimladau hi ac roedd hyn wedi bod yn achos dadlau rhyngddynt dros y blynyddoedd. Dim ond yn ddiweddar yr oeddynt wedi dod i ryw fath o gytundeb fod eu gyrfaoedd yn bwysig i’r ddau ohonynt ac mai gohirio cychwyn teulu yn amhenodol fyddai orau. Felly, bob nos yn ddeddfol roedd Meira yn cymryd y bilsen fach cyn neidio i’r gwely i freichiau Wil. 7 * Camodd allan o’r gawod gan felltithio’i blerwch a’i hanghofrwydd. Tybed ddylai hi alw yn y fferyllfa amser cinio er mwyn cael y bilsen morning after? Sychodd ei hun yn ofalus cyn rhoi hylif Repairwear laser focus dros ei hwyneb a’i gwddf a chan rwbio’r hylif i mewn yn drwyadl i ambell grych a oedd yn cychwyn ffurfio o gwmpas ei llygaid a’i cheg. Er ei bod yn gwario ffortiwn ar Clinique i geisio cadw’i chroen yn ifanc ac iach, heneiddio roedd hi. Edrychodd yn fwy manwl y tro yma. Roedd hi’n llawer rhy hen i gael babi, a hi newydd gael ei phen-blwydd yn dri deg chwech. Doedd hi ddim am fod fel Buddug Ty’n Caeau yn cael ei babi cyntaf yn ddeugain oed. Aeth ias sydyn i lawr ei chefn. Tybed oedd hi’n cario babi Wil? “Wil, mae’r gawod yn wag. Dwi wedi gorffen,” gwaeddodd. Roedd Wil yn ei byjamas yn y gegin yn gosod y bwrdd ar gyfer brecwest. Ei orchwyl cyntaf bob dydd oedd paratoi brecwest. Roedd yn ofynnol i bopeth fod yn iawn ac yn drefnus. Dau gwpan a soser (dim mygiau), powlenni ar gyfer grawnfwyd a grawnffrwyth, dau blât bach, dwy gyllell, marmalêd, menyn mewn potyn del a fu gan ei fam ers talwm, napcyn bob un i fynd efo’r lliain bwrdd… Weithiau byddai’n berwi wy iddynt, felly rhaid oedd cael cwpan wy, llwy fach, a phupur a halen. Fel arfer, byddai Meira yn dod i lawr yn edrych yn rhyfeddol o ddel ac yn barod am ei diwrnod fel pennaeth ysgol. Yna, tro Wil fyddai mynd am gawod, gwisgo yn sydyn - crys gwyn, siwt lwyd a thei coch - cyn cael brecwest a’i throi hi am fanc yr HSBC lle’r oedd yn ddirprwy reolwr. Brasgamodd i fyny’r grisiau gan ddisgwyl gweld Meira yn dod allan o’r llofft wedi gwisgo ac ymbincio fel arfer. “Rwyt ti’n araf iawn y bore ’ma. Be wyt ti’n wneud yn dal yn y stafell molchi? Rhaid imi fynd i’r gawod rwan. Tyrd, brysia, mae brecwest wedi ei osod,” meddai Wil, gan fachu tywel mawr gwyn o’r cwpwrdd. Roedd Meira’n dal i syllu arni ei hun yn y drych bach o dan y golau uwchben y basn. Roedd y drych hwn yn chwyddo’r ddelwedd ac yn dangos bob amherffeithrwydd.
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