DOCSLIB.ORG

Macoma Inquinata Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta Order: Veneroida Irus Clam Family: Tellinidae

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Macoma Inquinata Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta Order: Veneroida Irus Clam Family: Tellinidae Macoma inquinata Phylum: Mollusca Class: Bivalvia; Heterodonta Order: Veneroida Irus clam Family: Tellinidae Taxonomy: Macoma balthica, M. nasuta and have short lateral hinge teeth (when present – M. inquinata were all originally described as see Possible Misidentifications), shells with members of the genus Tellina. Tellina external striations or ribs, and deep pallial inquinata and T. irus, initially described as sinuses (Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007). different species (the former with eastern When holding closed shell in both hands with Pacific distribution, the latter with western), the hinged area up and the ligaments toward were synonymized in the genus you, the right valve is in the right hand (Fig. 4) Heteromacoma. Later, this synonymization (Keen and Coan 1974). was reversed based on characters of shell Body: morphology and Macoma inquinata Color: (previously, and confusingly, called M. irus) Interior: Ligament is long, strong, was deemed a member of the genus narrow, and prominent (Figs. 1, 4). It is not Macoma, with an eastern Pacific distribution seated on a nymph, but is entirely external while H. irus, remained a Heteromacoma, with (Tellinidae, Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007). a the western Pacific (see Keen 1962; Coan Exterior: 1971). Thus, known synonyms for M. Byssus: inquinata include T. inquinata as well as M. Gills: irus. Subspecific designations are also Shell: Shape ovate or subovate, but not sometimes seen (e.g. Macoma circular. Posterior end is narrower and less heteromacoma inquinata, Kabat and O’Foighil rounded than anterior end. Shell is heavy, 1987). Macoma inquinata is the name almost not fragile and inflated, with subcentral exclusively used in current intertidal guides umbones (Fig. 1). Occasionally, there is a (e.g. Coan and Valentich-Scott 2007). slight gape and flex to right on the posterior end (Dunnill and Ellis 1969). Description Interior: Pallial line is not detached Size: Individuals up to 55 mm in length from the anterior ventral end of pallial sinus (Coan 1971). The illustrated specimen (Fig. (Fig. 2) and is longer in the left valve (Fig. 3). 1) is 44 mm in length, 35 mm in height, and The pallial sinus reaches almost to the 18 mm in diameter. anterior adductor scar, or just to its base in Color: Shell is dull white, with a dark and the left valve (Fig. 3) (Coan 1971). The pallial opaque periostracum (not shiny) (see Fig. sinuses are similar in the two valves (e.g. 294, Kozloff 1993). Interior shell is compare to M. nasuta, this guide). porcellanous white and feebly polished Exterior: External shell bears (Dunnill and Ellis 1969). Siphons are only conspicuous concentric sculptural undulations barely yellowish in color (Kozloff 1993). (Fig. 1). General Morphology: Bivalve mollusks are Hinge: Hinge with ligament is entirely bilaterally symmetrical with two lateral valves external and no lateral teeth (Macoma, Coan or shells that are hinged dorsally and and Valentich-Scott 2007). Hinge area surround a mantle, head, foot and viscera includes two cardinal teeth in each valve, but (see Plate 393B, Coan and Valentich-Scott no lateral teeth (Fig. 5). 2007). Among the bivalves, the Heterodonta Eyes: are characterized by ctenidia (or gills) that Foot: are eulamellibranchiate, fused mantle Siphons: The inhalant and exhalant siphons margins and the presence of long siphons. are completely separate (Fig. 1a) (Quayle Veneroid bivalves have well-developed hinge 1970; Kozloff 1993). teeth and members of the family Tellinidae Burrow: Hiebert, T.C. 2015. Macoma inquinata. In: Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates: Rudys' Illustrated Guide to Common Species, 3rd ed. T.C. Hiebert, B.A. Butler and A.L. Shanks (eds.). University of Oregon Libraries and Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, Charleston, OR. A publication of the University of Oregon Libraries and the Oregon Institute of Marine Biology Individual species: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/12908 and full 3rd edition: http://hdl.handle.net/1794/18839 Email corrections to: [email protected] Possible Misidentifications sand clam and has a quadrate and truncate Tellinids can be distinguished from posterior. The latter is elongate, has a other small or young bay clams (i.e. pointed posterior, unique muscle scars, is Mactridae: Tresus; Veneridae: Protothaca, relatively rare and small (to 2.5 cm) and Saxidomus; Myidae: Mya, Cryptomya) an occurs from Trinidad, California southward. external ligament, an ovate shell, an Macoma secta, also has a white shell, with a inconspicuous nymph (or supporting yellowish epidermis. Its right valve is more projection for the external ligament), inflated than the left, and it can be large (to sometimes reddish hue and lateral teeth as 120 mm) and is more common in clean sand, well as a shell with ribs or striations (no radial not in estuarine mud. pattern) and shells that never gape. Lateral The morphology of the pallial sinus teeth may or may not be present in the differentiates the other species. In species Tellinidae (Coan 1971). Myids have a hinge without a posterior dorsal flange, M. acolasta with a spoon-shaped chondrophore (left and M. yoldiformis, the anterior ventral edge valve) and a projecting tooth (right valve) (see of the pallial sinus is detached for a portion of Mya arenaria, this guide). Venerids have the distance to the posterior adductor muscle three cardinal teeth in each valve. Mactrids scar. Macoma acolasta also has a rounded have an internal ligament, A-shaped cardinal posterior, rather than pointed as in M. teeth, and gaping valves (Coan and yoldiformis and is rare, sand-dwelling, and Valentich-Scott 2007). The Tellinidae has occurs from Bodega Bay, California, around 16 species distributed between two southward. Macoma yoldiformis is elongate, genera locally – Tellina and Macoma. These inflated, and thin, with the pallial sinus genera can be differentiated by the hinge detached from the pallial line. Although the teeth, Tellina species have a hinge with range of this clam is from Vancouver south to lateral teeth, while Macoma species do not. Baja California, it is not included in Puget Macoma species have shells that are also Sound or British Columbia work (Dunnill and more rounded and inflated thanTellina, and Ellis 1969). It can be found in silt in low are smooth, white, often chalky. They are intertidal of protected bays (Coan and characterized by having a ovate shell Valentich-Scott 2007). consisting of two equal valves, a dark and Macoma inquinata, M. nasuta and M. deciduous periostracum, two cardinal teeth, balthica (see descriptions in this guide) are all the absence of lateral teeth and a pallial sinus species with an anterior ventral edge of pallial that is deeper on the left valve (Scott and sinus that is not detached and they tend to be Blake 1998; Arruda and Domaneschi 2005). larger (up to 110 mm) than M. acolasta or M. Macoma species may also have a more yoldiformis (less than 30 mm). Macoma northern geographic distribution whileTellina balthica has a pinkish hue and a pallial sinus are elongate, relatively compressed, that ends ¾ of the way to anterior adductor conspicuously sculptured, brightly colored, muscle scar and is generally more oval than and usually warm water dwellers (Coan M. nasuta or M. inquinata (Kozloff 1993). In 1971). Eleven species in the infaunal genus M. inquinata, the pallial sinus does not reach Macoma (Luttikhuizen et al. 2012) are the ventral end of the anterior adductor reported locally (although 30 have been muscle. Macoma nasuta, on the other hand, identified in the northeastern Pacific, Dunnill is not as round and heavy as M. inquinata and Ellis 1969), but only seven are described and its pallial sinus reaches and joins the in local keys (e.g. Coan and Valentich-Scott anterior adductor scar above its base (left 2007), the four most common species of valve). (Its right valve may be more like M. Macoma in our area are M. balthica, M. inquinata’s). Furthermore, its siphons are nasuta, M. inquinata, and M. secta (Kabat orange and its shell posterior is bent to the and O’Foighil 1987). right (hence the name, bent-nose clam). Two species, M. secta and M. Macoma inquinata can also bend slightly indentata have a posterior dorsal flange posteriorly, and may be confused with the extending from posterior end to the external thinner M. nasuta, without investigations of ligament, this is absent in other Macoma the other aforementioned features. In M. species. The former species is called the the balthica, the pallial sinus that reaches to 1/4 Hiebert, T.C. 2015. Macoma inquinata. In: Oregon Estuarine Invertebrates: Rudys' Illustrated Guide to Common Species, 3rd ed. T.C. Hiebert, B.A. Butler and A.L. Shanks (eds.). University of Oregon Libraries and Oregon Institute of Marine Biology, Charleston, OR. the anterior adductor muscle scar and the Temperature: Cold to temperate waters. shell has a pinkish hue. (see Plate 422 for The presence of M. inquinata in the fossil diagrams of these distinguishing record at Newport Bay, California during the characteristics in Macoma). late Pleistocene suggests historically cooler Macoma incongrua, generally a temperatures in that region (Powell 2001). northern species, is the species closest to M. Tidal Level: Intertidal and subtidal (Kabat inquinata. It can be found intertidally to 36 and O’Foighil 1987) to 48 m offshore (Coan meters. It is quite circular in outline, its pallial 1971). sinuses extend longer than in M. inquinata, Associates: Often co-occurs with the and are different between its two valves, they congener, M. nasuta (South Slough of Coos are similar in M. inquinata's valves. Macoma Bay). Juvenile pea crabs, Pinnixia littoralis, incongrua averages 30–40 mm in length can occur within the mantle cavity of M. (Dunnill and Ellis 1969). inquinata and M. nasuta in Puget Sound, (The following species may be present Washington (Haderlie and Abbott 1980). locally, but are not included in local Abundance: Common in bays (Kozloff 1993; dichotomous keys).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
    UNITED NATIONS ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM MEDITERRANEAN ACTION PLAN REGIONAL ACTIVITY CENTRE FOR SPECIALLY PROTECTED AREAS National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt PROF. MOUSTAFA M. FOUDA April 2017 1 Study required and financed by: Regional Activity Centre for Specially Protected Areas Boulevard du Leader Yasser Arafat BP 337 1080 Tunis Cedex – Tunisie Responsible of the study: Mehdi Aissi, EcApMEDII Programme officer In charge of the study: Prof. Moustafa M. Fouda Mr. Mohamed Said Abdelwarith Mr. Mahmoud Fawzy Kamel Ministry of Environment, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA) With the participation of: Name, qualification and original institution of all the participants in the study (field mission or participation of national institutions) 2 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 4 Preamble 5 Chapter 1: Introduction 9 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 40 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 49 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 59 Chapter 5: Existing Monitoring Program in Egypt 91 1. Monitoring program for habitat mapping 103 2. Marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 3. Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 4. Monitoring Program for Seabirds 118 5. Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 123 Chapter 6: Implementation / Operational Plan 131 Selected References 133 Annexes 143 3 AKNOWLEGEMENTS We would like to thank RAC/ SPA and EU for providing financial and technical assistances to prepare this monitoring programme. The preparation of this programme was the result of several contacts and interviews with many stakeholders from Government, research institutions, NGOs and fishermen. The author would like to express thanks to all for their support. In addition; we would like to acknowledge all participants who attended the workshop and represented the following institutions: 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial Genomes of the Baltic Clam Macoma Balthica (Bivalvia
    Saunier et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology ( DOI 10.1186/s12862-014-0259-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Mitochondrial genomes of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica (Bivalvia: Tellinidae): setting the stage for studying mito-nuclear incompatibilities Alice Saunier1*, Pascale Garcia1, Vanessa Becquet1, Nathalie Marsaud2, Frédéric Escudié2 and Eric Pante1* Abstract Background: Allopatric divergence across lineages can lead to post-zygotic reproductive isolation upon secondary contact and disrupt coevolution between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, promoting emergence of genetic incompatibilities. A previous FST scan on the transcriptome of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica highlighted several genes potentially involved in mito-nuclear incompatibilities (MNIs). As proteins involved in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHO)chainarepronetoMNIsandcancontributetothemaintenanceofgeneticbarriers,the mitochondrial genomes of six Ma. balthica individuals spanning two secondary contact zones were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq plateform. Results: The mitogenome has an approximate length of 16,806 bp and encodes 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs, all located on the same strand. atp8, a gene long reported as rare in bivalves, was detected. It encodes 42 amino acids and is putatively expressed and functional. A large unassigned region was identified between rrnS and tRNAMet and could likely correspond to the Control Region. Replacement and synonymous mutations were mapped on the inferred secondary structure of all protein-coding genes of the OXPHO chain. The atp6 and atp8 genes were characterized by background levels of replacement mutations, relative to synonymous mutations. However, most nad genes (notably nad2 and nad5) were characterized by an elevated proportion of replacement mutations. Conclusions: Six nearly complete mitochondrial genomes were successfully assembled and annotated, providing the necessary roadmap to study MNIs at OXPHO loci.
    [Show full text]
  • Status of the Red Knot (Calidris Canutus Rufa) in the Western Hemisphere
    Status of the Red Knot ( STATUS OF THE RED KNOT (CALIDRIS CANUTUS RUFA) IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE Calidris canutus rufa LAWRENCE J. NILES, HUMPHREY P. SITTERS, AMANDA D. DEY, PHILIP W. ATKINSON, ALLAN J. BAKER, KAREN A. BENNETT, ROBERTO CARMONA, KATHLEEN E. CLARK, NIGEL A. CLARK, CARMEN ESPOZ, PATRICIA M. GONZÁLEZ, BRIAN A. HARRINGTON, DANIEL E. HERNÁNDEZ, KEVIN S. KALASZ, RICHARD G. LATHROP, RICARDO N. MATUS, CLIVE D. T. MINTON, R. I. GUY MORRISON, ) Niles et al. Studies in Avian Biology No. 36 MARK K. PECK, WILLIAM PITTS, ROBERT A. ROBINSON, AND INÊS L. SERRANO Studies in Avian Biology No. 36 A Publication of the Cooper Ornithological Society STATUS OF THE RED KNOT (CALIDRIS CANUTUS RUFA) IN THE WESTERN HEMISPHERE Lawrence J. Niles, Humphrey P. Sitters, Amanda D. Dey, Philip W. Atkinson, Allan J. Baker, Karen A. Bennett, Roberto Carmona, Kathleen E. Clark, Nigel A. Clark, Carmen Espoz, Patricia M. González, Brian A. Harrington, Daniel E. Hernández, Kevin S. Kalasz, Richard G. Lathrop, Ricardo N. Matus, Clive D. T. Minton, R. I. Guy Morrison, Mark K. Peck, William Pitts, Robert A. Robinson, and Inês L. Serrano Studies in Avian Biology No. 36 A PUBLICATION OF THE COOPER ORNITHOLOGICAL SOCIETY Front cover photograph of Red Knots by Irene Hernandez Rear cover photograph of Red Knot by Lawrence J. Niles STUDIES IN AVIAN BIOLOGY Edited by Carl D. Marti 1310 East Jefferson Street Boise, ID 83712 Spanish translation by Carmen Espoz Studies in Avian Biology is a series of works too long for The Condor, published at irregular intervals by the Cooper Ornithological Society.
    [Show full text]
  • Spatial Variability in Recruitment of an Infaunal Bivalve
    Spatial Variability in Recruitment of an Infaunal Bivalve: Experimental Effects of Predator Exclusion on the Softshell Clam (Mya arenaria L.) along Three Tidal Estuaries in Southern Maine, USA Author(s): Brian F. Beal, Chad R. Coffin, Sara F. Randall, Clint A. Goodenow Jr., Kyle E. Pepperman, Bennett W. Ellis, Cody B. Jourdet and George C. Protopopescu Source: Journal of Shellfish Research, 37(1):1-27. Published By: National Shellfisheries Association https://doi.org/10.2983/035.037.0101 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.2983/035.037.0101 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. Journal of Shellfish Research, Vol. 37, No. 1, 1–27, 2018. SPATIAL VARIABILITY IN RECRUITMENT OF AN INFAUNAL BIVALVE: EXPERIMENTAL EFFECTS OF PREDATOR EXCLUSION ON THE SOFTSHELL CLAM (MYA ARENARIA L.) ALONG THREE TIDAL ESTUARIES IN SOUTHERN MAINE, USA 1,2 3 2 3 BRIAN F.
    [Show full text]
  • Mitochondrial Genomes of the Baltic Clam Macoma
    Saunier et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology (2014) 14:259 DOI 10.1186/s12862-014-0259-z RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Mitochondrial genomes of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica (Bivalvia: Tellinidae): setting the stage for studying mito-nuclear incompatibilities Alice Saunier1*, Pascale Garcia1, Vanessa Becquet1, Nathalie Marsaud2, Frédéric Escudié2 and Eric Pante1* Abstract Background: Allopatric divergence across lineages can lead to post-zygotic reproductive isolation upon secondary contact and disrupt coevolution between mitochondrial and nuclear genomes, promoting emergence of genetic incompatibilities. A previous FST scan on the transcriptome of the Baltic clam Macoma balthica highlighted several genes potentially involved in mito-nuclear incompatibilities (MNIs). As proteins involved in the mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHO)chainarepronetoMNIsandcancontributetothemaintenanceofgeneticbarriers,the mitochondrial genomes of six Ma. balthica individuals spanning two secondary contact zones were sequenced using the Illumina MiSeq plateform. Results: The mitogenome has an approximate length of 16,806 bp and encodes 13 protein-coding genes, 2 rRNAs and 22 tRNAs, all located on the same strand. atp8, a gene long reported as rare in bivalves, was detected. It encodes 42 amino acids and is putatively expressed and functional. A large unassigned region was identified between rrnS and tRNAMet and could likely correspond to the Control Region. Replacement and synonymous mutations were mapped on the inferred secondary structure of all protein-coding genes of the OXPHO chain. The atp6 and atp8 genes were characterized by background levels of replacement mutations, relative to synonymous mutations. However, most nad genes (notably nad2 and nad5) were characterized by an elevated proportion of replacement mutations. Conclusions: Six nearly complete mitochondrial genomes were successfully assembled and annotated, providing the necessary roadmap to study MNIs at OXPHO loci.
    [Show full text]
  • OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES an Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals
    OREGON ESTUARINE INVERTEBRATES An Illustrated Guide to the Common and Important Invertebrate Animals By Paul Rudy, Jr. Lynn Hay Rudy Oregon Institute of Marine Biology University of Oregon Charleston, Oregon 97420 Contract No. 79-111 Project Officer Jay F. Watson U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service 500 N.E. Multnomah Street Portland, Oregon 97232 Performed for National Coastal Ecosystems Team Office of Biological Services Fish and Wildlife Service U.S. Department of Interior Washington, D.C. 20240 Table of Contents Introduction CNIDARIA Hydrozoa Aequorea aequorea ................................................................ 6 Obelia longissima .................................................................. 8 Polyorchis penicillatus 10 Tubularia crocea ................................................................. 12 Anthozoa Anthopleura artemisia ................................. 14 Anthopleura elegantissima .................................................. 16 Haliplanella luciae .................................................................. 18 Nematostella vectensis ......................................................... 20 Metridium senile .................................................................... 22 NEMERTEA Amphiporus imparispinosus ................................................ 24 Carinoma mutabilis ................................................................ 26 Cerebratulus californiensis .................................................. 28 Lineus ruber .........................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • National Monitoring Program for Biodiversity and Non-Indigenous Species in Egypt
    National monitoring program for biodiversity and non-indigenous species in Egypt January 2016 1 TABLE OF CONTENTS page Acknowledgements 3 Preamble 4 Chapter 1: Introduction 8 Overview of Egypt Biodiversity 37 Chapter 2: Institutional and regulatory aspects 39 National Legislations 39 Regional and International conventions and agreements 46 Chapter 3: Scientific Aspects 48 Summary of Egyptian Marine Biodiversity Knowledge 48 The Current Situation in Egypt 56 Present state of Biodiversity knowledge 57 Chapter 4: Development of monitoring program 58 Introduction 58 Conclusions 103 Suggested Monitoring Program Suggested monitoring program for habitat mapping 104 Suggested marine MAMMALS monitoring program 109 Suggested Marine Turtles Monitoring Program 115 Suggested Monitoring Program for Seabirds 117 Suggested Non-Indigenous Species Monitoring Program 121 Chapter 5: Implementation / Operational Plan 128 Selected References 130 Annexes 141 2 AKNOWLEGEMENTS 3 Preamble The Ecosystem Approach (EcAp) is a strategy for the integrated management of land, water and living resources that promotes conservation and sustainable use in an equitable way, as stated by the Convention of Biological Diversity. This process aims to achieve the Good Environmental Status (GES) through the elaborated 11 Ecological Objectives and their respective common indicators. Since 2008, Contracting Parties to the Barcelona Convention have adopted the EcAp and agreed on a roadmap for its implementation. First phases of the EcAp process led to the accomplishment of 5 steps of the scheduled 7-steps process such as: 1) Definition of an Ecological Vision for the Mediterranean; 2) Setting common Mediterranean strategic goals; 3) Identification of an important ecosystem properties and assessment of ecological status and pressures; 4) Development of a set of ecological objectives corresponding to the Vision and strategic goals; and 5) Derivation of operational objectives with indicators and target levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogeny of the Bivalve Superfamily Galeommatoidea
    Goto et al. BMC Evolutionary Biology 2012, 12:172 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2148/12/172 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Molecular phylogeny of the bivalve superfamily Galeommatoidea (Heterodonta, Veneroida) reveals dynamic evolution of symbiotic lifestyle and interphylum host switching Ryutaro Goto1,2*, Atsushi Kawakita3, Hiroshi Ishikawa4, Yoichi Hamamura5 and Makoto Kato1 Abstract Background: Galeommatoidea is a superfamily of bivalves that exhibits remarkably diverse lifestyles. Many members of this group live attached to the body surface or inside the burrows of other marine invertebrates, including crustaceans, holothurians, echinoids, cnidarians, sipunculans and echiurans. These symbiotic species exhibit high host specificity, commensal interactions with hosts, and extreme morphological and behavioral adaptations to symbiotic life. Host specialization to various animal groups has likely played an important role in the evolution and diversification of this bivalve group. However, the evolutionary pathway that led to their ecological diversity is not well understood, in part because of their reduced and/or highly modified morphologies that have confounded traditional taxonomy. This study elucidates the taxonomy of the Galeommatoidea and their evolutionary history of symbiotic lifestyle based on a molecular phylogenic analysis of 33 galeommatoidean and five putative galeommatoidean species belonging to 27 genera and three families using two nuclear ribosomal genes (18S and 28S ribosomal DNA) and a nuclear (histone H3) and mitochondrial (cytochrome oxidase subunit I) protein-coding genes. Results: Molecular phylogeny recovered six well-supported major clades within Galeommatoidea. Symbiotic species were found in all major clades, whereas free-living species were grouped into two major clades. Species symbiotic with crustaceans, holothurians, sipunculans, and echiurans were each found in multiple major clades, suggesting that host specialization to these animal groups occurred repeatedly in Galeommatoidea.
    [Show full text]
  • TREATISE ONLINE Number 48
    TREATISE ONLINE Number 48 Part N, Revised, Volume 1, Chapter 31: Illustrated Glossary of the Bivalvia Joseph G. Carter, Peter J. Harries, Nikolaus Malchus, André F. Sartori, Laurie C. Anderson, Rüdiger Bieler, Arthur E. Bogan, Eugene V. Coan, John C. W. Cope, Simon M. Cragg, José R. García-March, Jørgen Hylleberg, Patricia Kelley, Karl Kleemann, Jiří Kříž, Christopher McRoberts, Paula M. Mikkelsen, John Pojeta, Jr., Peter W. Skelton, Ilya Tëmkin, Thomas Yancey, and Alexandra Zieritz 2012 Lawrence, Kansas, USA ISSN 2153-4012 (online) paleo.ku.edu/treatiseonline PART N, REVISED, VOLUME 1, CHAPTER 31: ILLUSTRATED GLOSSARY OF THE BIVALVIA JOSEPH G. CARTER,1 PETER J. HARRIES,2 NIKOLAUS MALCHUS,3 ANDRÉ F. SARTORI,4 LAURIE C. ANDERSON,5 RÜDIGER BIELER,6 ARTHUR E. BOGAN,7 EUGENE V. COAN,8 JOHN C. W. COPE,9 SIMON M. CRAgg,10 JOSÉ R. GARCÍA-MARCH,11 JØRGEN HYLLEBERG,12 PATRICIA KELLEY,13 KARL KLEEMAnn,14 JIřÍ KřÍž,15 CHRISTOPHER MCROBERTS,16 PAULA M. MIKKELSEN,17 JOHN POJETA, JR.,18 PETER W. SKELTON,19 ILYA TËMKIN,20 THOMAS YAncEY,21 and ALEXANDRA ZIERITZ22 [1University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA, [email protected]; 2University of South Florida, Tampa, USA, [email protected], [email protected]; 3Institut Català de Paleontologia (ICP), Catalunya, Spain, [email protected], [email protected]; 4Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 5South Dakota School of Mines and Technology, Rapid City, [email protected]; 6Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago, USA, [email protected]; 7North
    [Show full text]
  • 2008 Trough to Trough
    Trough to trough The Colorado River and the Salton Sea Robert E. Reynolds, editor The Salton Sea, 1906 Trough to trough—the field trip guide Robert E. Reynolds, George T. Jefferson, and David K. Lynch Proceedings of the 2008 Desert Symposium Robert E. Reynolds, compiler California State University, Desert Studies Consortium and LSA Associates, Inc. April 2008 Front cover: Cibola Wash. R.E. Reynolds photograph. Back cover: the Bouse Guys on the hunt for ancient lakes. From left: Keith Howard, USGS emeritus; Robert Reynolds, LSA Associates; Phil Pearthree, Arizona Geological Survey; and Daniel Malmon, USGS. Photo courtesy Keith Howard. 2 2008 Desert Symposium Table of Contents Trough to trough: the 2009 Desert Symposium Field Trip ....................................................................................5 Robert E. Reynolds The vegetation of the Mojave and Colorado deserts .....................................................................................................................31 Leah Gardner Southern California vanadate occurrences and vanadium minerals .....................................................................................39 Paul M. Adams The Iron Hat (Ironclad) ore deposits, Marble Mountains, San Bernardino County, California ..................................44 Bruce W. Bridenbecker Possible Bouse Formation in the Bristol Lake basin, California ................................................................................................48 Robert E. Reynolds, David M. Miller, and Jordon Bright Review
    [Show full text]
  • Guide to Estuarine and Inshore Bivalves of Virginia
    W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1968 Guide to Estuarine and Inshore Bivalves of Virginia Donna DeMoranville Turgeon College of William and Mary - Virginia Institute of Marine Science Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Marine Biology Commons, and the Oceanography Commons Recommended Citation Turgeon, Donna DeMoranville, "Guide to Estuarine and Inshore Bivalves of Virginia" (1968). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539617402. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.25773/v5-yph4-y570 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. GUIDE TO ESTUARINE AND INSHORE BIVALVES OF VIRGINIA A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the School of Marine Science The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts LIBRARY o f the VIRGINIA INSTITUTE Of MARINE. SCIENCE. By Donna DeMoranville Turgeon 1968 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts jfitw-f. /JJ'/ 4/7/A.J Donna DeMoranville Turgeon Approved, August 1968 Marvin L. Wass, Ph.D. P °tj - D . dvnd.AJlLJ*^' Jay D. Andrews, Ph.D. 'VL d. John L. Wood, Ph.D. William J. Hargi Kenneth L. Webb, Ph.D. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author wishes to express sincere gratitude to her major professor, Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Page 196 the Veliger, Vol. 32, No. 2
    Page 196 The Veliger, Vol. 32, No. 2 Explanation of Figures 22 to 41 Figures 22-28. Adelodonax tectus sp. nov., from UCLA 3622. LACMIP 7843 from UCLA 6489, hypotype, right valve; Figure Figure 22: LACMIP 7825, holotype, left valve, xl. Figure 23: 31, exterior, xl; Figure 38, hinge, x2. Figure 32: LACMIP LACMIP 7827, paratype, hinge left valve, x3. Figure 24: 7841 from UCLA 3960, hypotype, hinge left valve, x2. Figure LACMIP 7826, paratype, hinge left valve, x3. Figure 25: LAC- 33: LACMIP 7840 from UCLA loc. 3958, hypotype, hinge right MIP 7829, paratype, right valve, x 1. Figure 26: LACMIP 7828, valve, x2. Figure 34: LACMIP 7842 from UCLA loc. 3960, paratype, right valve, pallial sinus, x2. Figure 27: LACMIP hypotype, "butterflied" valves, xl.5. Figure 35: LACMIP 7862 7830, paratype, hinge right valve, x 2. Figure 28: LACMIP 7831, from UCLA loc. 6489, hypotype, hinge left valve, x2. Figures paratype, hinge right valve, x 3. 36, 40: LACMIP 7837 from LACMIP 28629, hypotype, interior Figures 29-41. Adelodonax altus (Gabb, 1864). Figure 29: ANSP left valve, x 2; Figure 36, rock mold; Figure 40, latex pull. Figures 4557 from Martinez, Contra Costa Co., Calif., lectotype, x2. 37, 41: LACMIP 7839 from LACMIP loc. 28629, hypotype, Photo by Takeo Susuki. Figure 30: ANSP 71880 from Martinez, hinge right valve, x2; Figure 37, rock mold; Figure 41, latex Contra Costa Co., Calif., paralectotype, left valve showing trace pull. Figure 39: LACMIP 7838 from LACMIP loc. 28629, of pallial line, x2. Photo by Takeo Susuki. Figures 31, 38: hypotype, interior of left valve, latex pull, x 2.
    [Show full text]