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Solutions for Deploying Server Virtualization in Data Center Networks

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Solutions for Deploying Server Virtualization in Data Center Networks WHITE PAPER SOLUTIONS FOR DEPLOYING SERVER VIRTUALIZATION IN DATA CENTER NETWORKS Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc. 1 WHITE PAPER - Opportunities and Challenges with the Convergence of Data Center Networks Table of Contents Executive Summary . 3 Introduction. 3 What is Server Virtualization?. 3 Why Is Server Virtualization Growing? . 4 Network Problems Attributed to Server Virtualization. 5 Speed . 6 Scale . 6 Security. 7 Switching. 7 Simplified Management. 7 Juniper Networks—Comprehensive Solutions for Server Virtualization Environments . 8 Speed: Collapsing Layers and Reducing Complexity with Virtual Chassis Technology . 8 Scalability: Using Virtual Chassis Technology to Support Live Server Migration . 9 Security: Consistent Policies for the Physical and Virtual Network. 9 Switching: Reducing Demands on Physical Servers. 10 How Does VEPA Work? . 10 How Does Junos Space Virtual Control Work?. 12 Conclusion. 13 Appendix A: Juniper Virtual Server Networking Solution in a Nutshell . 14About Juniper Networks 14 Table of Figures Figure 1: Virtualized server. 3 Figure 2: Network view of virtual machines. 4 Figure 3: Multi-tenancy breaks the one server, one OS, one application rule. 5 Figure 4: VM mobility means that applications and their operating systems are no longer persistently bound to a single physical server. 5 Figure 5: The “5 Ss” required for supporting server virtualization. 6 Figure 6: EX4200 Virtual Chassis technology eliminates the need for an extra hop.. 8 Figure 7: Scaling VM motion across any two servers. 9 Figure 8: Altor VF (virtual firewall) and the SRX Series secure the VMs inside the physical server and when VMs move within the network.. 10 Figure 9: VEPA components.. 11 Figure 10: Consistent management of the physical and virtual network from Junos Space Virtual Control . 12 Figure 11: Junos Space Virtual Control. 12 2 Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc. WHITE PAPER - Opportunities and Challenges with the Convergence of Data Center Networks Executive Summary Server virtualization has become one of the most deployed technologies in data centers today due to its ability to reduce costs, increase resource utilization, and improve IT responsiveness and flexibility without making significant infrastructure changes. In spite of its benefits, however, server virtualization also imposes certain requirements on the data center network. These can be summarized as the need for improvement in five key areas: speed, scalability, security, switching, and management simplification. Introduction This white paper discusses the challenges facing IT organizations planning to deploy server virtualization technology in data center networks, and it describes how to address these challenges with solutions from Juniper Networks®. What is Server Virtualization? Server virtualization is a method of running multiple independent virtual operating systems on a single physical server. The server administrator uses a software application called a hypervisor to divide one physical server into multiple isolated virtual environments called virtual machines, or VMs. Each VM shares the physical resources of the host system, including the CPU, memory, network interface card (NIC), and disk, as shown in Figure 1. Application Application Operating System Operating System Hypervisor Virtualization Layer Intel Architecture CPU Memory NIC Disk Figure 1: Virtualized server From a network perspective, virtualized servers look exactly like multiple servers connected to a single physical port. Each VM gets assigned a virtual media access control (MAC) address, and traffic from each VM appears to emanate from a different virtual NIC (VNIC) card (see Figure 2). To manage intra-server traffic between VMs, the hypervisor includes a software-based switch called a virtual switch. A virtual switch works much like a physical Ethernet switch; it detects which VMs are logically connected to each of its virtual ports and uses that information to forward traffic to the correct destination. A virtual switch can be connected to physical switches using Ethernet adapters, also referred to as uplink adapters, to merge virtual networks with physical networks. This is similar to connecting physical switches to create a larger network. However, although virtual switches work much like physical switches, they do not have the same level of advanced functionality. Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc. 3 WHITE PAPER - Opportunities and Challenges with the Convergence of Data Center Networks System Virtual Virtual Virtual Machine Machine Machine 1 2 3 VNIC 1 VNIC 2 VNIC 3 Virtual Switch Physical NIC External Switch Internet Figure 2: Network view of virtual machines Why Is Server Virtualization Growing? Server virtualization delivers a rapid ROI, and is by far the most popular and widely deployed of all virtualization technologies. According to IDC, 39 percent of businesses surveyed have already deployed server virtualization technology, while 54 percent are in the process and another 5 percent are in the evaluation stage. In a survey of 2,600 technology decision makers in the U.S. and Europe, Forrester Consulting found that 53 percent of enterprises and 54 percent of small and medium-sized businesses have either implemented x86 server virtualization technology or will within the next 12 months. Several issues are driving the rapid adoption of server virtualization in today’s enterprise and small and medium-sized businesses. • Low server utilization: Most workloads today run anywhere from 5 to 25 percent of capacity. By grouping several of these workloads on a single server, more efficient resource utilization can be achieved. • Business continuity: Because it inherently increases high availability, fault tolerance, and disaster recovery, server virtualization improves business continuity. • Performance improvements of x86 servers: The performance of x86-based systems has improved dramatically over the past several years, making these solutions—which have largely replaced mainframes in the data center due to their low up- front costs—a viable choice for server virtualization. • Dynamic resource scheduling: Server virtualization enables workloads to be automatically redistributed in real time to avoid load spikes. Using the live migration feature of the hypervisor, resource scheduling software can move a running VM (without interruption) to a server with more available resources, or it can spin up additional instances to assist with the load, allowing business processes to complete uninterrupted. 4 Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc. WHITE PAPER - Opportunities and Challenges with the Convergence of Data Center Networks Network Problems Attributed to Server Virtualization While server virtualization clearly has its benefits, it also poses some unique challenges by introducing two new concepts to the data center network: multi-tenancy and VM mobility. • Multi-tenancy: Until recently, data center networks were designed under the assumption that each end node was connected to an access port on a switch which in turn connected to a server running a single image—that is, a single instance of an operating system and a single instance of a given application. With server virtualization, however, this is no longer true, since a single server can run multiple VMs with different operating systems and support multiple applications. This introduces the need for more sophisticated traffic isolation, policy management, and network configuration capabilities on a per–VM basis (see Figure 3). App App App App GUEST OS App OS OS App App Hypervisor Hypervisor Hardware Hardware App GUEST OS App App Hypervisor Hypervisor OS App App GUEST OS App Hardware Hardware BEFORE AFTER Figure 3: Multi-tenancy breaks the one server, one OS, one application rule. • VM mobility: In legacy data centers, applications and operating systems are installed on, and typically remain associated with, a single physical device. With server virtualization and live server migration (for example, vMotion for VMware), applications and their associated operating systems are no longer persistently bound to a specific physical server (see Figure 4). Virtual Infrastructure Figure 4: VM mobility means that applications and their operating systems are no longer persistently bound to a single physical server. Copyright © 2010, Juniper Networks, Inc. 5 WHITE PAPER - Opportunities and Challenges with the Convergence of Data Center Networks To overcome the issues posed by multi-tenancy and VM mobility, networks must address five specific challenges in order to support server virtualization (summarized as “5 Ss”): speed, scale, security, switching, and simplified management (see Figure 5). Each of these challenges is described below. Networking requirements for supporting Server Virtualization: Speed Security Scale Switching Simplified Management Figure 5: The “5 Ss” required for supporting server virtualization Speed When VMs migrate to a different server location, their network and security profiles must move along with them. To achieve this without interrupting business operations, the network must deliver very high performance and sufficient cross-sectional bandwidth. Scale Traffic for a particular application is usually carried on a certain VLAN. Server virtualization, however, complicates matters in terms of scalability. As the number of VMs multiplies, and as the frequency of VM migration increases, the network needs to support scalability in two different ways: 1. It must be able to support more VLANs and
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