SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal Volume 4 Article 1 2020 SUURJ Volume 4 Entire Volume Editors of SUURJ Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/suurj Recommended Citation Editors of SUURJ (2020) "SUURJ Volume 4 Entire Volume," SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal: Vol. 4 , Article 1. Available at: https://scholarworks.seattleu.edu/suurj/vol4/iss1/1 This Entire Volume is brought to you for free and open access by the Seattle University Journals at ScholarWorks @ SeattleU. It has been accepted for inclusion in SUURJ: Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks @ SeattleU. Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal June 2020 VOLUME Chief Faculty Editors Faculty Advisory Board Tara Roth Marc A. Cohen Hannah Tracy Serena Cosgrove June Johnson Bube Designer Rochelle Lundy Caleb Hou, ‘14 Steven Klee Student Editors Founding Chief Faculty Editor Ella Campbell Molly Clark Hillard Hatcher Chapman Helen Hills Founding Student Editorial Team Erin Kiuttu Taylor Martino Annika Le Julia McGee Ciara Murphy Hannah Rips Michael Pazen Chloe Traynor Delaney Ryburn Anya Vindla Allie Schiele Elena Selthun Ryan Thelin Faculty Content Editors Ken Allan Onur Bakiner Serena Cosgrove Kristin Hultgren June Johnson Bube Mark Jordan Erik Olsen Christopher A. Paul Nova Robinson Michael J. Spinetta 2 Table of Contents 4 Welcome to SUURJ 6 Core and University Honors Writing 7 “The Relationship Between White Supremacy and Capitalism: A Socioeconomic Study on Embeddedness in the Market and Society.” Cara Nguyen 17 Short Communications 18 “Anthropogenic Debris in the Puget Sound: Review, Methods, and Analysis.” Koryna Boudinot and Diana DiMarco 27 “The Threat of Climate Change on Alpine Birds and their Habitats.” Leticia Santillana Fernandez 45 Full-Length Research Articles 46 “Identity and Social Support: LGBTQIA+ Individuals and Help Seeking Behaviors.” Erin Alberts and Natasha Rohrsetzer 65 “’Do You Feel Better Now?’: Reclaiming Holocaust Narratives and Delegating Responsibility in Spiegelman’s Maus.” Elizabeth Ayers 77 “Framing the Center: Belize and Panamá within the Central American Imagined Community.” Isabeau Belisle Dempsey 98 “The Rise of Neo-Nationalism and the Front National in France.” Austin Nelson 119 “Interrogating Colonial Legacies: Jeffrey Gibson’s Indigenous Futurism.” Mariah Ribeiro 138 “Learning from the Failures and Institutionalized Ideology of Colonial Feminist Education Programs in Afghanistan.” Elena Selthun 156 “Diversity and Disability: Why Disability Services Syllabi Statements Hurt Inclusivity.” Tracy Spencer 177 Contributor Biographies 3 Welcome to SUURJ Welcome to the fourth volume of the Seattle University Undergraduate Research Journal (SUURJ). Our team of student editors is excited to publish the product of our yearlong partnership between our dedicated editorial board, wonderful faculty content editors, and talented student writers. It is an essential value of SUURJ to highlight diverse undergraduate perspectives that are often dismissed in academia. As editors, we appreciate that SUURJ has offered us the opportunity to engage with conversations about topics outside of our disciplines, and we are committed to providing our community the same opportunity. This year, we are excited to present an interdisciplinary journal that includes subject matters such as biology, art history, international studies, psychology, history, communications, English, and economics. While we do not select works based on a theme, we found that many of this year’s pieces focused on representing marginalized communities and advocating for social change—ranging from studies of climate change to critiques of structural inequities around the world and right here at Seattle University. Our authors are not only writing about social change; through their work, they are creating it. As editors of a publication focused on amplifying the diverse and powerful voices of Seattle University’s undergraduate student body, we are humbled to provide a platform for our community to engage with these perspectives. Our journal has genuinely been a labor of love, passion, and collaboration. Our team had the pleasure of welcoming Professors Hannah Tracy and Tara Roth as SUURJ’s co-chief faculty editors. We have witnessed their work and dedication to the journal through late nights, stressful deadlines, and our unceasing questions. Working with Professors Tracy and Roth has been a blessing in our lives, as students, as editors, and as friends. Not only have they embraced the history of the journal started by Dr. Molly Clark Hillard, but they have allowed us to make it our own. Because of the work of the editors in each consecutive year, submissions to the journal continue to grow in number, and we are thrilled to have made our own contributions to the success of SUURJ. Although we are absolutely biased, we could not imagine having a better editorial team. Each of us brought our own perspectives, experiences, and talents to the table. Without this collaboration, SUURJ would not have been possible. Although our final quarter together has been interrupted by the challenges that the world has been facing due to the coronavirus, SUURJ has given us a sense of stability and community. We hope that witnessing the integration of minds, majors, and passions will offer you the same experience. In coming years, we look forward to growing the journal and solidifying its role in our Seattle University community. Volume 4 truly speaks to our journal’s mission of providing a platform for students across disciplines to enter into larger academic conversations, and we are 4 excited to see how Volume 5 continues to progress this mission. In these uncertain times, it is vital to celebrate the accomplishments of our students. Thank you for supporting SUURJ and for all your help in realizing our mission. Stay safe, SUURJ Student Editorial Team 5 Core and University Honors Writing With its emphasis on seminar-style classes, focus on research-based inquiry, and practice of writing in revision, our liberal arts core curriculum sets Seattle University apart from other institutions of higher learning. Our University Honors program also sets us apart, as an interdisciplinary program of academically rigorous courses for highly motivated students; starting in freshman year, University Honors offers a variety of tracks including: Intellectual Traditions, Society, Policy and Citizenship, and Innovations, each of which place a strong emphasis on writing as a process as students peer review and edit to produce scholarly work. We felt strongly that to capture the spirit of Seattle University and to convey that spirit to a national audience, SUURJ should include writing from the Core and/or University Honors. 6 The Relationship Between White Supremacy and Capitalism: A Socioeconomic Study on Embeddedness in the Market and Society Cara Nguyen, Economics Faculty Mentor: Erik Olsen Faculty Content Editor: Erik Olsen Student Editor: Hatcher Chapman 7 Abstract Economic liberalism has built a market system that is founded on the belief that it is separate from other social institutions, that it is self-regulating, and that it operates without bias. This paper claims that despite the classical liberal values that the market is built to serve, capitalism exists within a context in which societal contracts like cultural and racial contracts influence market outcomes. Specifically, the racial contract in the United States contextualizes the capitalist free market system as a system that normalizes, empowers, and encourages the exploitation and abuse of Nonwhite people, specifically Black and Indigenous folks. The market was constructed and functions within a white supremacist society, which means that its outcomes uphold white supremacy. By weaving discussions of the foundations of the free market system like market embeddedness, neoliberalism and economization, settler ersusv Indigenous views of land, and the creation of racial contracts, the paper details how capitalism and white supremacy are intimately related. Ultimately, the domination and exploitation of Nonwhite people will continue to be an integral part of the liberal capitalist market system, regardless of whether this is done consciously or not. It will continue because it is built into the structures of the market. The project of challenging white supremacy, then, is directly tied up in the project of dismantling the capitalist market. 8 The conceptualization of the free market by Adam Smith and the discussion of private property by John Locke both built the foundation of capitalism and served as a basis for the way that capitalism evolved into its modern form. Exhibiting classical liberal values such as individual freedom and equal opportunity under the law, the way that Smith envisions the free market seems to result in a system that gives everyone equal chances at sustaining themselves in society; yet, how the market functions shows otherwise. Economic liberalism has built a market system that is founded on the belief that it is separate from other social institutions, that it is self-regulating, and that it operates without bias. I claim that despite the classical liberal values that the market is built to serve, capitalism exists within a context in which societal contracts like cultural and racial contracts influence market outcomes. Specifically, the racial contract in the United States contextualizes the capitalist