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2020-21 Official NCAA Basketball Statisticians' Manual

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2020-21 Official NCAA Basketball Statisticians' Manual 2020-21 Official NCAA Official Basketball Statistics Rules Basketball Statisticians’ With Approved Rulings and Interpretations Manual (Throughout this manual, Team A players have last names starting with “A” Orginal Manuscript Prepared By: David Isaacs, longtime statistician and and Team B players have last names starting with “B.”) official scorer. Updated By: Gary K. Johnson, and J.D. Hamilton, Assistant Director of Statistics and Media Coordination. SECTION 1—FIELD GOALS Article 1. A field-goal attempt (FGA) is charged to a player Basic Interpretations any time the player shoots, throws or taps a live ball at his or her (Indicated as “B.I.” references throughout manual.) own basket, when, in the opinion of the statistician, the player is attempting to score a goal, with these exceptions: (a) A FGA is not charged if the player is fouled in the act of 1. APPROVED RULING—Approved rulings (indicated as shooting before the ball is in flight and the goal is not A.R.s) are designed to interpret the spirit of the applica- made. tion of the Official Basketball Rules. A thorough under- standing of the rules is essential to understanding and (b) A FGA is not charged if there is offensive goaltending or applying the statistics rules in this manual. offensive basket interference on that shot. 2. STATISTICIAN’S JOB—The statistician’s responsibility is (c) A FGA is not charged if an unsuccessful shot is taken near to judge only what has happened, not to speculate as the expiration of time for a period or for the shot clock, to what would have happened. The statistician should and it is the statistician’s opinion that the shot was a des- not decide who would have gotten the rebound if it had peration shot and not a reasonable attempt to make a not been for the foul. The statistician should not guess field goal. One or more of the following factors should whether a player had the rebound before a violation exist in order to classify a shot as a desperation shot. The caused the ball to become dead. This manual will at- shooter: tempt to give as many hard and fast guidelines as is pos- (1) Is outside the normal shooting range. A shot from sible and practical to help the statistician avoid guessing. just beyond the three-point line would usually be When the statistician has doubts, this manual indicates considered in normal shooting range while a shot at which way to rule. When there are no doubts, the statisti- or beyond the division line would be outside normal cian is free to make his or her own decision. shooting range. 3. SHOOTING ACCURACY—A player should not be (2) Uses an abnormal shooting motion, such as an over- charged for a shot from the field or from the free-throw hand baseball toss. line influenced by the illegal actions of himself or her- (3) Rushes or hurries the shot to beat the expiration of self, teammates or opponents, unless the shot results in time. A shot could be considered rushed or hurried if a field goal or free throw made. Shooting percentages the shooter tries to control and shoot the ball in the should reflect as closely as possible the accuracy of the same motion with not enough time to get into a nor- player and his or her team. Shooting percentages should mal shooting position (squared up to the basket). not reflect shots that failed under the influence of illegal Article 2. A field goal made (FGM) is credited to a player any actions. time a FGA by the player results in the goal being counted or re- 4. PLAYER CONTROL—If there is any doubt about whether sults in an awarded score of two (or three) points except when a player had control of the ball at a certain instant, as- the field goal is the result of a defensive player tipping the ball sume that the player did. Similarly, if there is doubt about in the offensive basket. whether two players gained control of the ball simulta- Related rules in the NCAA Men’s and Women’s Basketball neously, assume that they did. Rules and Interpretations: (1) 4-33: Definition of “Goal” (2) 4-49.2: Definition of “Penalty for Violation” (3) 4-71: Definition of “Try for Field Goal” and definition of “Act of Shooting” (4) 4-75: Definition of “Violation” (5) 5-1: “Scoring” (6) 9-16: “Basket Interference and Goaltending” Philosophy. A player should not be charged for a shot from the field influenced by the illegal actions of himself or herself, or any teammates or opponents, unless the shot results in a FGM (see B.I. 3). Refer to the following Approved Rulings in this manual as they involve FGAs and FGMs: Section 2, Article 2, A.R. 6 Section 4, Article 2, A.R. 23-24 Section 3, Article 1, A.R. 10 Section 5, A.R. 15 Section 3, Article 2, A.R. 2 Section 7, A.R. 1-5 Section 4, Article 2, A.R. 5 A.R. 1. Adams shoots but fouls Brown (a) before the ball is in flight; (b) after the ball is in flight but before Adams has returned to the floor; or (c) after the ball is in flight and Adams has returned to the floor. RULING: In (a), since the ball was dead before the shot was in flight, do not charge Adams with a FGA, but charge Adams with a turnover. Un- der men’s rules in (b), if the shot is good, credit Adams with a FGM and FGA. If the shot is unsuccessful, charge Adams with a FGA and credit Team B with a dead-ball rebound. Under women’s rules in (b), do not charge Adams with a FGA, but charge Adams with a turnover. In (c), if the shot 1 OFFICIAL 2020-21 NCAA BASKETBALL STATISTICIANS’ MANUAL is good, credit Adams with a FGM and FGA. If the shot is shot-clock horn sounds. The ball is awarded to Team B for unsuccessful, charge Adams with a FGA and credit Team a throw-in. RULING: In all cases, do not charge Allen with B with a dead-ball rebound. If the statistician is in doubt a FGA. In (a), (b) and (d), charge Adams with a turnover. In about whether the foul is a player-control foul, the actions (c), charge Allen with a turnover. of the officials will indicate the correct ruling. If the foul is A.R. 8. As the shot clock is about to run out, Allen takes a player-control foul, it will be so indicated by the officials a desperation shot for reasons such as those illustrated in and any shot will be waved off. A.R. 6 and A.R. 7. The shot hits the rim but does not go into A.R. 2. Adams shoots and the shot hits the rim and the basket. (a) Adams rebounds; (b) Brown rebounds; (c) bounces on it. Allen goes up and dunks the ball (a) while the rebound goes out of bounds and is awarded to Team A the ball still is on the rim or (b) after the ball has bounced for a throw-in; or (d) the rebound goes out of bounds and to the side and it is obvious that Adams’ shot will not be is awarded to Team B for a throw-in. RULING: In all cases, successful. RULING: In (a), since the try by Adams does not if the opinion of the statistician is that the shot was a des- end until it is certain the shot will not be successful, the in- peration shot, do not charge Allen with a FGA and do not terference was on Adams’ shot. Charge neither Adams nor credit any rebound. In (b) and (d), charge a turnover. De- Allen with a FGA. However, charge Allen with a turnover. pending on what preceded the shot, the turnover could be In (b), since Adams’ shot obviously had missed, charge Ad- charged to Allen or to Team A. In (b), it might be appropri- ams with a FGA. Credit Allen with a rebound. Since Allen’s ate to credit Brown with a steal. In (a) and (c), if no FGA is dunk began with the ball outside the cylinder above the charged, then no rebound is credited. rim, it will be legal. Charge Allen with a FGA and credit with A.R. 9. As the shot clock is about to run out, Allen takes a FGM. a desperation shot for reasons such as those illustrated in A.R. 3. Adams shoots a FGA and misses. Allen tips the A.R. 6 and A.R. 7. The shot is batted away by Brown just be- missed shot and, while Allen’s tip still is on the rim, Adler fore the shot clock sounds. (a) Adams catches the ball and tips it in. Due to Adler’s interference, the goal is nullified the referees rule the play dead for the shot clock violation; and the ball is awarded to Team B out of bounds. RULING: (b) Benton catches the ball and the referees rule the play Charge Adams with a FGA and credit Allen with a rebound. dead for the shot clock violation or (c) Benton catches the Do not charge Allen with a FGA but charge Adler with a ball and play continues with no shot clock violation called. turnover. RULING: In all cases, if the statistician’s opinion is that it is A.R.
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