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Systematics of the Genus Mimosestes (Coleóptera: Bruch I Dae)

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Systematics of the Genus Mimosestes (Coleóptera: Bruch I Dae) TB 1590/12/78 A^^^T^ C-oî»' v3 SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS MIMOSESTES (COLEÓPTERA: BRUCH I DAE) «4 -- -: ^ 77!"^" S UNITED STATES TECHNICAL PREPARED BY DEPARTMENT OF BULLETIN SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE NUMBER 1590 EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION Science and Education Administration UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE in cooperation with Northern Arizona University On January 24, 1978, four USDA agencies—Agricultural Re- search Service (ARS), Cooperative State Research Service (CSRS), Extension Service (ES), and the National Agricultural Library (NAL)—^merged to become a new organization, the Science and Education Administration (SEA), U.S. Department of Agriculture. This publication was prepared by the Science and Education Ad- ministration's Agricultural Research staff, which was formerly the Agricultural Research Service. SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS MIMOSESTES (COLEÓPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) By JOHN M. KINGSOLVER CLARENCE D.JOHNSON Documsnt Delivery/ Services Branch UbpA National Agncu!tural Library Nal BIdg. ^ 10301 Baltimore Blvd Beltsville, MD 20705-2351 /^^ UNITED STATES TECHNICAL PREPARED BY ^ ' DEPARTMENT OF BULLETIN SCIENCE AND AGRICULTURE NUMBER 1590 EDUCATION ADMINISTRATION For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20402 Stock Number 001-000-03779-0 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS We thank the following persons for the generous loan of speci- mens for this study: W. F. Barr, University of Idaho, Moscow; E. C. Becker and D. E. Bright, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Ottawa; H. R. Burke, Texas A & M University, College Station; G. W. Byers, University of Kansas, Lawrence; J. B. Chapin, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge ; J. A. Chemsak, University of California, Berkeley; P. J. Clausen, University of Minnesota, St. Paul; H. Dybas, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago; D. Foster, Texas Tech University, Lubbock; S. From- mer, University of California, Riverside; W. J. Hanson, Utah State University, Logan ; F. F. Hasbrouck, Arizona State Univer- sity, Tempe ; L. H. Herman, American Museum of Natural History, New York; C. L. Hogue, Los Angeles County Museum; H. F. Howden, Carleton University, Ottawa; P. D. Hurd, Jr., Smith- sonian Institution, Washington, D.C.; M. T. James, Washington State University, Pullman; S. Keleinikova, Zoological Museum, University of Moscow; R. J. Lavigne, University of Wyoming, Laramie; J. F. Lawrence, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. ; H. B. Leech, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco; 0. Martin, Zoologisk Mu- seum, Copenhagen; G. H. Nelson, Kansas City College of Osteo- pathy and Surgery, Kansas City, Mo. ; C. O'Brien, Florida A & M University, Tallahassee; L. L. Pechuman, Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y.; B. C. Ratcliffe, University of Nebraska, Lincoln; P. 0. Ritcher, Oregon State University, Corvallis; E. P. Rouse, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ; M. W. Sanderson, Illinois State Natural History Survey, Urbana ; R. R. Snelling, Los Ange- les County Museum; R. T. Thompson, British Museum (Natural History), London; P. H. Timberlake, University of California, Riverside; C. A. Triplehorn, Ohio State University, Columbus; J. D. Unzicker, Illinois State Natural History Survey, Urbana; G. E. Wallace, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh; R. L. Wenzel, Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago ; F. G. Werner, University of Arizona, Tucson ; R. E. Woodruff, Florida Department of Agricul- ture, Gainesville; and D. A. Young, North Carolina State Uni- versity, Raleigh. For identifying the many plants collected during this study, we thank R. H. Hevly and J. M. Rominger, Northern Arizona Univer- sity, Flagstaff; R. Liesner and T. B. Croat, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis ; J. L. Strother, University of California, Berke- ley; and D. S. Verity, University of California, Los Angeles. For assisting in collecting plants, seeds, and processing seed cultures, we are most grateful to M. Johnson, K. Johnson, C. L. Johnson, Flagtaff, and R. Medina, Northern Arizona University. We thank H. L. Mogensen, Northern Arizona University, for taking the scanning electron photomicrographs. For illustrations of male genitalia, v^e are grateful to Candy Feller, Washington, D. C, and for illustrations of the hindleg and habitus, v^e thank Joel Floyd, Flagstaff, Ariz. To D. H. Janzen, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, we are deeply grateful for collecting many specimens with associated host data. Rodolpho Hernandez Corzo, Director General, Dirección General de la Fauna Silvestre, Mexico, D.F., and Benjamin Ortega Can- tero, Dirección General, Sanidad Vegetal Departamento Aplica- ción Cuarentenaria, Mexico, D.F., were especially cooperative in procuring permits for collecting in Mexico. Their help is gratefully acknowledged. Financial assistance was provided by the former Agricultural Research Service under Grants 12-14-100-9187 (33) and 12- 14_100-9970 (33). CONTENTS Page Abstract 1 Introduction 1 Genus Mimosestes Bridwell 2 Phylogenetic groups of Mimosestes 4 Characters 4 Host plants and distribution 5 Relationships of groups 7 Key to Mimosestes species 9 Systematics of Mimosestes 12 acaciestes, new species 12 amicus (Horn) 17 anomalies, new species 23 brevicornis (Sharp) 25 cinerifer (Fähraeus) 27 enterolohii, new species 29 humeralis (Gyllenhal) 31 insularis, new species 35 janzeni, new species 39 mimosae (Fabricius) 42 nubigens (Motschulsky) 49 obscuriceps (Sharp) 55 protractus (Horn) 58 ulkei (Horn) 62 viduatus (Sharp) 66 Literature cited 69 Appendix 75 Mimosestes species and their host plants 75 Plants attacked by species of Mimosestes 76 Phylogenetic groups of Mimosestes species 77 Synonymical list of Mimosestes species 78 Washington, D.C. Issued December 1978 SYSTEMATICS OF THE GENUS MIMOSESTES (COLEÓPTERA: BRUCHIDAE) By JOHN M. KINGSOLVER and CLARENCE D. JOHNSON ^ ABSTRACT A diagnosis of the genus, key to species, synonymical names, geographical distribution, and host associations are presented for the 15 species now assigned to this genus. Illustrations of habitus and male and female genitalia are provided. All known host asso- ciations are with seeds of leguminous trees. Of the 15 Mimosestes species, 9 are restricted to various Acacia species. Three of them are widespread because of man's planting host trees for orna- mental or medicinal purposes, and two of them are established in the Hawaiian Islands. Two species attacking the seeds of Prosopis are being investigated as potential biological control agents. INTRODUCTION The history of the taxonomic studies of the Bruchidae in the New World by such earlier workers as Horn, Schaeffer, Fall, and Bridwell was discussed by Johnson {1970).'' Several later workers have published taxonomic as well as ecological studies on the Bruchidae of the New World. Kingsolver dealt with the taxonomy of Pygiopachymerus (1970a), Amblycerus, (1970c), and Stator (1972) ; Kingsolver and Whitehead revised Ctenocolum (197Aa), Caryedes (197J^b), and Meibomeus (1976) ; Whitehead and King- solver revised Gibbobruchus (1975) ; Johnson revised Stator (1963),Acanthoscelides (1970), Stylantheus (1976a), Sind Kytor- hinus (1976b) ; and Johnson and Kingsolver revised Sennius (1973) and Stator (1976). Ecological studies of note were made by Janzen (1967, 1969, 1971a, b, c, 1972, 1976) and Center and Johnson (1P7^), whereas Pfaffenberger (197Jf, 1977) and Pfaffen- ^ Respectively, Systematic Entornólo^ Laboratory, Beltsville Agricultural Research Center, Beltsville, Md. 20705, and Department of Biological Sci- ences, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff 86001. ^The year in italic after the authors* names indicates the reference in Literature Cited, p. 69. 1 2 TECHNICAL BULLETIN 1590, U.S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE berger and Johnson (1976) have made meaningful contributions to our knowledge of larval bruchidae. The present study concerning the genus Mimosestes is a further effort to learn more about the relationships betv^een insects and between insects and their food plants. Mimosestes occurs naturally in the New World in North, Central, and northern South Amer- ica, but some species have apparently been introduced into Hawaii, the Philippine Islands, New Caledonia, and the West Indies along with their host plants. Mimosestes has well-defined generic limits, but until other New World genera are studied, the analysis of the relationships of Mi- mosestes to other genera must wait. Mimosestes is a natural group related to Acanthoscelides Schilsky, Algarobim Bridwell, and Merobruchus Bridwell, as well as most of the other genera de- scribed by Bridwell (19^6). In this bulletin we redescribe Mimosestes, delineate its species, define tentative species groups, compile lists of host plants from published data, and add new host data. Our classification is based on ecological as well as on morphological data. Genus MIMOSESTES Bridwell Mimosestes Bridwell, 1946: 54; Bradley, 1947: 39; Blackwelder and Black- welder, 1948: 45; Kingsolver, 1968: 280; Bottimer, 1968: 1024, 1039, 1041; Johnson, 1968: 1269; Johnson, 1970: 28. Type-species: Bruchus sallaei Sharp, 1885, by original designation. Cercidiestes Bridwell, 1946: 55; Blackwelder and Blackwelder, 1948: 45; Bottimer, 1968: 1021, 1039, 1041; Johnson, 1968: 1269. Type-species: Bruchus ulkei Horn, 1873, by original designation. NEW SYNONYMY. Medium-sized to large bruchids in the tribe Acanthoscelidini with the following morphological characteristics : Head.—Frons usually with median, glabrous line or carina ex- tending from frontoclypeal suture to granulate glabrous area, or
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