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Vol2 Frntmatr.Indd Handbook of the Bruchidae of the United States and Canada Introduction to the Acrobat pdf edition The Acrobat pdf version of this publication, though identical in content to the print version, differs slightly in format from the print version. Also, in volume 2 the items on the errata list for the print version have been corrected. [THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY BLANK] United States Department of Agriculture Handbook of the Agricultural Research Bruchidae of the Service Technical Bulletin United States and Number 1912 November 2004 Canada (Insecta, Coleoptera) Volume 2 (Illustrations) i ii United States Department of Agriculture Handbook of the Agricultural Research Bruchidae of the Service Technical Bulletin United States and Number 1912 November 2004 Canada (Insecta, Coleoptera) John M. Kingsolver Volume 2 (Illustrations) Kingsolver was research entomologist, Systematic Entomology Laboratory, PSI, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture. He is presently Research Associate with the Florida State Collection of Arthropods. iii Abstract Kingsolver. John M. 2004. Handbook of the family in the Western Hemisphere. It provides Bruchidae of the United States and Canada the means to identify these insects for taxono- (Insecta, Coleoptera). U.S. Department of mists, students, museum curators, biodiver- Agriculture, Technical Bulletin 1912, 2 vol., sity workers, port identifiers, and ecologists 636 pp. conducting studies in rangeland, pasture, and Distinguishing characteristics and diagnostic forest management in the United states and keys are given for the 5 subfamilies, 24 gen- Canada. era, and 156 species of the seed beetle family Mention of commercial products in this Bruchidae of the United States and Canada publication is solely for the purpose of provid- (including Hawaii). Associated data for each ing specific information and does not imply species description include a history of the recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. name, synonymical names, type specimen Department of Agriculture over others not information, geographical distribution, host mentioned. plants, and parasitoids. Appendices give spe- While supplies last, single copies of this pub- cies, host, fossil, and parasitoid lists as well as lication can be obtained at no cost from John a glossary of terms and a bibliography. M. Kingsolver, Florida State Collection of Bruchidae are found on every major land mass Arthropods, P.O. box 147100, Gainesville, FL except Antarctica and New Zealand. Eggs are 32614–7100. usually laid on the seed or fruit of a plant suit- Copies of this publication may be purchased able for development of the larva. Immature from the National Technical Information Ser- stages are spent inside seeds that have been vice, 5285 Port Royal Road, Springfield, VA excavated by larval feeding. Adults live free 22161. ARS has no additional copies for free and feed on pollen and nectar. distribution. Johnson (1970) estimates that approximately 84 percent of the known hosts of Bruchidae are in the plant family Leguminosae. The The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and remaining hosts are scattered among 31 other activities on the basis of race, color, national families. Sixteen plant families support lar- origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political val feeding in the United States and Canada. beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family Several species of Bruchidae, especially those status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all with a cosmopolitan distribution, are notorious programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program pests of stored leguminous seeds. information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) Keywords: Coleoptera, Bruchidae, Amblyceri- should contact USDAs TARGET Center at nae, Bruchidiinae, Bruchinae, Kytorhininae, (202)–720–600 (voice and TDD). Megacerinae, United States, Canada, Hawaii, To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, taxonomy, insect-plant interactions. Office of Civil Rights, Room 326W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, This is part of a series of studies of bruchid Washington, D.C. 202509410 or call (202)– genera contributing to a comprehensive da- 720–5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal tabase for this important seed-feeding beetle opportunity provider and employer. November 2004 ivii 1. Caryedon Figure 1 serratus, lateral aspect. 2. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, male genitalia, median lobe, apex. Figure 2 Figure 3 3. Amblycerus robiniae, male genitalia, median lobe, apex. 4. Amblycerus robiniae, lateral aspect. 5. Meibomeus sp., head with deeply emarginate eye. Figure 4 Figure 5 1 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 8 Figure 9 6. Megacerus coryphae, male antenna. 7. Megacerus coryphae, female Figure 10 antenna. 8. Callosobruchus chinensis, male antenna. 9. Callosobruchus chinensis, female antenna. Figure 11 10. Caryedes confinis, antenna. 11. Acanthoscelides obtectus, antenna. 12. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, antenna. 13. Algarobius Figure 12 macrocerus, male antenna. Figure 13 2 Figure 14 Figure 15 14. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, hind wing. Figure 16 15. Acanthoscelides obtectus, hind wing. 16. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, prothoracic plate, first larval instar (after Pfaffenberger and Johnson 1976). 17. Zabrotes subfasciatus, head, lateral aspect (opisthognathous). Figure 17 3 Figure 18 Figure 19 Cardo Stipes Vertex Transverse Sulcus Palp Frons f c Eye Lac Gal os Clypeus Mandible Labrum Maxillary Palp 18. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, head, frontal aspect (os, ocular sinus; fc, frontal carina). Figure 20 19. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, maxilla (Palp, maxillary pal- pus; Gal, galea; Lac, lacinia.) 20. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, mandible. 21. Caryobruchus gleditsiae, head: A, ventral aspect; B, dorsal aspect. Figure 21A Figure 21B 4 Figure 22 Figure 25 22. Caryobruchus gledit- siae, prothorax, cephalic aspect. 23. Caryobruchus gledit- siae, prothorax, laterocephalic aspect indicating location of trochantin. 24. Acanthoscelides obtectus, prothorax, laterocephalic aspect Figure 23 indicating location of Figure 26 trochantinal flap. 25. Caryobruchus gledit- siae, mesopleuron, indicating relative sizes of mesepister- num and mesepim- eron. 26. Caryedes helvinus, mesopleuron, indicat- ing relative sizes of mesepisternum and mesepimeron. 27. Mimosestes amicus, mesopleuron, indicat- ing relative sizes of mesepisternum and mesepimeron. Figure 24 Figure 27 5 Figure 33 Figure 32 32. Amblycerus Figure 35 robiniae, male genitalia, median lobe, muscula- ture. 33. Amblycerus robiniae, male genitalia, lateral aspect, with in- Figure 34 ternal sac invagi- nated. 34. Amblycerus robiniae, male genitalia, internal sac, everted. 35. Male genitalia, various examples of armature of internal sac. 7 Figure 36 36. Bruchidius mack- Figure 37 enziei Kingsolver, female genitalia, lateral. 37. First larval instar, generalized (after Pfaffenberger and Johnson 1976). 38. Caryedon serratus, fifth larval instar (a, labium). a Figure 38 8 39. Caryobruchus gledit- siae, pronotum. 40. Caryobruchus gledit- sae, hind leg. 41. Caryobruchus gledit- siae, prosternum. Figure 39 Figure 40 Figure 41 9 Figure 43 Figure 44 Figure 42 42. Caryedon serratus, hind leg. 43. Zabrotes subfascia- tus, hind leg. 44. Acanthoscelides ob- tectus, hind leg. 45. Amblycerus obscu- rus, prosternum and mesosternum. Figure 45 46. Bruchus pisorum, pro- notum. Figure 46 10 Figure 47 Figure 48 Figure 49 Figure 50 Figure 51 47. Bruchus pisorum, hind leg. Figure 52 48. Callosobruchus macula- tus, pronotum. 49. Merobruchus julianus, hind leg. 50. Callosobruchus macula- tus, hind leg. 51. Kytorhinus prolixus, pygidium and preceding tergite. 52. Megacerus maculiven- tris, hind leg with serrate ventral margin. 53. Gibbobruchus mimus, hind leg. 54. Stator pruininus, hind Figure 53 Figure 54 leg. 11 mc Figure 55 Figure 56 Figure 57 55. Megacerus maculiven- tris, elytra, lateral as- pect (mc, metacoxa). 56. Megacerus discoidus, hind leg. 57. Mimosestes amicus, head. 58. Mimosestes amicus, hind leg showing position of ventral pocket. 59. Meibomeus musculus, dorsal aspect showing strial denticle. Figure 58 Figure 59 12 Figure 60 Figure 61 Figure 62 Figure 63 60. Algarobius bot- timeri, dorsal aspect. 61. Algarobius proso- pis, female py- gidium. 62. Algarobius atratus Figure 64 Kingsolver (Mexi- co), male genitalia, H-shaped sclerite indicated. 63. Sennius abbrevia- tus, hind leg. 64. Merobruchus julia- nus, hind leg. 65. Althaeus folkertsi, hind leg. Figure 65 13 Figure 66 Figure 67 Figure 68 Figure 69 Figure 70 66. Abutiloneus idoneus, hind leg. 67. Neltumius texanus, pronotum, lateral aspect. 68. Caryedes helvinus, head. 69. Caryedes helvinus, dorsal habitus. 70. Stylantheus macro- cerus, hind leg. 14 Figure 71 Figure 72 Figure 73 Figure 74 71. Merobruchus vacillator, habitus. 72. Merobruchus major, dorsal habitus. 73. Merobruchus boucheri (Central American), anal notch, female. 74. Merobruchus julianus, male genitalia, median lobe. 15 Figure 75 Figure 76 Figure 77 Figure 78 Caryedon serratus 75. Caryedon serratus, dorsal habitus 76. Hind leg. 77. Male genitalia, median lobe. 78. Male genitalia, lateral lobes. 16 Figure 79 Figure 80 Caryobruchus gleditsiae 79. Dorsal habitus. 80. Mesothorax and metathorax, lateral Figure 81 Figure 82 aspect. 81. Male genitalia, median lobe. 82. Male genitalia, lateral lobes. 17 Figure 83 Figure 84 Figure 85 Figure 86 Kytorhinus prolixus 83. Dorsal habitus. 84. Male antenna. 85. Male genitalia, median lobe. 86. Male genitalia, lateral lobes. 18 Figure 87
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