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Jour-Marine-Medical-Society-2005-Vol MARINEMEDICAL SOCIETY (RegdF-3611) President Surg VAdm PUNITA ARORA SM VSM VOLUMET DGMS (NAVY) Vice Presidents Surg RAdm VK SINGH VSM Surg RAdm JM BORCAR VSM Executive Comnittee SurgCmde VS DIXIT VSM Surg CmdeVK SAXENA VSM Surg Cmde BS RATHORE VSM Surg Cmde MJ JOHN Surg Cmde R MITTAL Surg Capt S NANGPAL Surg Cdr K CHATTERIEE Secretary Surg Cdr R CHOPRA Treasurer Surg Cdr VK GOYLE Addressfor Correspondence Secretary MARINE MEDICAL SOCIETY Instituteof NavalMedicine, INHS Asvini Campus Printedand Publisl Mumbai 400 INDIA Colaba, 005. SenaBhavan,New Website: http://www.mmsindia.net 400 103.Editor: Sr 005" I TY JOURNALOF MARINEMEDICAL SOCIETY nall a tr Isl , cult rlreac , the ine h rl hal PublishedBiannuallv 1oftl Editor-in-Chief uses SuTgRAdmJMBORCAR VSM rint< XENA VSM €e e) )HN e cha t habi Editor ts.In }PAL Surg Cdr IK INDRA"IIT )ost I bitat AssistantEditor 'ATs SUTgLtCdTKAMALMISHRA nit, u y wil 'f alll h eac rlar e e su( Addressfor Corcespondence tion r Editor pour JOURNAL OF MARINE MEDICAL SOCIETY wate Instituteof Naval Medicine, ion[3 INHS AsviniCampus, regic Colaba.Mumbai 400 005. :topo qual syste 'large Printedand Published and owned by DirectorGeneral of Medical Services(Navy), SenaBhavan, New Delhi I 100 1I . Printedon his behalfat Typo Graphics.Mumbai e, ra 400 103.Editor: SurgCdr IK Indrajit, C/o Instituteof NavalMedicine, Mumbai 400 , **Ce 005. I Mari OF MARINE MEDICAL SOCIETY Isi JOURNAL TSI SpecialIssue on Marifime EnvironmentalDisaster : PNS] The Tsunamiof 26 December2004 l. .' i' i'l CONTENTS ABST JJ Coast EDITORIAL marir mrng Chronicling the Tsunami of 26 Dec 2004 : An unprecedentedmarine environmentaldisaster hcrltl Surg Cdr IK Indrajit, Surg Lt Cdr K Mishra thresl t.9 Ri SPECTALCOMMUNICATION India, ottem Medical Aid, Disaster Relief and Maritime Enviommental Disasters : Tsunami of 26Dec2C[4 Surg VAdm VK Singh, PvsMAvsM vsM PHS KEY' INVITED SPECIAL EDITORIALS Inconsistenciesin travel times and amplitudes of the 26th December20O4 Tsunami INTR TS Murty, AD Rao, N Nirupama ?to Tsunamiand its implicationson CoastalHabitat l5 dynan PN Sridhan A Surendran, B Veeranaryan' MV Ramana Munhi nami Tsunarni "Waves of devastation" - A Hydrographer'sperspective 2l ocean Lt Cdr Han,inder Avtar volcal REVIEWARIICLES ment. The Tsunami of 26'hDec 2004 : Crunching the numbers and facts seawi Surg Cdr IK Indrajit, Surg Cmde MJ John submi waves Effective Disaster Management Plan for Naval Hospitals 35 trf'l of 50( Surg Rear Adm VK Singh VSM, Surg Cdr AI Ahmed severz ORIGINAL ARTICLES ON TSUNAMI t'i fromf perioc A RetrospectiveAnalysis of Post Tsunami Morbidity Trends : Campbell Bay Experience 40 Surg Lt Harminder Singh Inr wave! Medical needson day l-3 at Air Force Station Carnicobar after the Tsunami disaster: 26 December 2004 pogral Surg Lt Cdr Sushil Chawla theda The Tsunami Experience at a Forward Medical Aid Camp in Port Blair - A Report causin Surg Lt Cdr Samir Kapoor are ca Study of Indian Naval Medical Relief Operationsfor Tsunami victims Dec 04 - Jan 05 by 54 duetc EasternNaval Command inglar Surg Cdr GD Bhanot, Surg Cdr A Bhardwaj, Surg Lt Cdr J Sridhar Surg Cdr P Gokulkrishnan the sh flood Tsunami 2004 : Role of SouthernNaval Command in Naval Medical relief measures erties. SurgCnxle VK Saxena VSM, Surg Capt A Banerjee SC waves Medical Relief operations of Rainbow West - (Southem Naval Command) 66 'l Surg,Lr Cdr G Parthasarathy, Surg Cdr N Chawla, Surg Cdr R Ray, Surg Cdr R Koshi, Surg Cdr KK Mishra, iOcear ! Surg Lt Cdr R Sivasankar Surg Cdr R Panicker Surg Lt Cdr S Chanerji, SurgLt S Taneja "r .t Remott t o'.I Manag Jour.fu InvitedSpecial Editorial TSUNAMI AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON COASTAL HABITAT PN SRIDHAR',A SURENDRAN*,BVEERANARYAN' IVIVRAMANAMIJRTHI*' ABSTRACT Coastal zone is source of low-cost livelihood and prone to frequent disasters. There are several small and targe ti marine found ecosystems the Indian coast. Among rhem 1) coral reefs of Andaman and Nicobar Islands; 2) mangrov€s of Pichavaram and 3) Pulicat Lagoon are more closely interlinked to socio, economic, cultural and health aspects human settlement in this region and around. These coastal marine habitats are already in the threshold of collapse under constant threat from anthropogenic stresses. On 26th December 2004, the earth of 8.9 Richter scale followed by great tsunami in Indian Ocean had affected several coastal and marine habitat of India. In the following sections a quick review of post tsunami implications on different coaslal habitat are rttempted. KEV WORDS : 26 Dec 2004 Tsunami ; Coastal habitat; post tsunami implications INTRODUCTION andlagoons) causing heavy breaching of thechan- /^toastal zoneis sourceof low-costlivelihood and nel mouthand barriersands. This causeschannel It-,attracts large numberof population.Coast is a widening and flooding more seawater in to the es- l5 dynamic region and prone to frequentdisasters. Tsu- tuarine aquatic system or stop the free exchange nami is one of such catastrophegenerated in the water to and fro due to choking of the channelby 2l oceandue to submarinedisturbance like earthquake, sand deposition.As the result coastalhabitats are volcanic eruption and subterraneanplate displace- stressedto long and short term impacts.In the fol- ment.The tsunamiwaves are also termed as seismic lowing sectionsa quick review of post tsunami seawaves as they are generatedby earth quake implicationson different coastal habitat 25 and are at- submarinedisturbances in the deep sea. These tempted. wavescan travel at the surfaceunnoticed at speed COASTALECOSYSTEM AND HABITATS 35 io of 500 to 1,000km/hr with.long wave lengthup to An ecosystemis a self-containedunit, where in severalhundred kilometers. Tsunami wavesrange i.r biological communitiescoexist largely with in its lr from few centimetersto a meterin height with a wave boundaries.An ecosystemis the sum ofall the spe- periodof few minutesto an hour []. 40 cies,their actionsand interactionswith eachotner In a closedcoast fast approachingshort tsunami and with nonliving mattersin a particularenviron- waves are controlled by near shore submarineto- 43 ment. [2] Ecosystemservices include such vital pography and lift up the waves severalmeters above functions as regulating the concentrationof oxy- pile the datum and water severalmeters over beaches gen, carbon dioxide and water vapour in the 46 causingheavy run off. Thesesurging tsunamiwaves atmosphere,filtering pollutantsin the water,regu- are capableof modifying the coastal topography latingglobal temperature and precipitation [3][ ][5]. </ due to beachesand sanddunes wash off transport- A coastalhabitat is a narrow inter tidal regionchar- ing large volume of sedimentsinto and away from acterizedby uniquephysical entities like topography, the shoreline.These swelling waves inundateand substrata,waves, winds, tides, water quality and flood coastalhabitats causing loss of life and prop- 62 biotic compositions.As a whole this system pro- erties.On the other handin the opencoast, tsunami videslivelihood, health and well being of largehuman waves (rivers, surgethrough channels inlets creeks, populationthrough fishery,.aquaculture,transport, 66 if f *Oceanography **Centre l Division, National Remote SensingAgency, Dept. of Space,Balanagar, Hyderabad 500 037, for Remote Sensingand Geomatics,Sathyabama Deemed University, Chennai 600119. ***Integrated Coastal and Marine Area {l ', Management,Department of Ocean Development, NIOT Campus. Chennai-602301 el. Jour.Maine Medical Society,2005, VoL7, No. I t5 '71 Mcdical Relief from WcsternNaval Comrnandin aid of Tsunamivictims at Easter-nhovince, Sri Lanka2T Dec 04 - 23 Jan05 Surg LCdr SK Sahu SqnLdr YK Kiratt Maj Anurag Slurru PeculiaritiesofMedicalCare during Liquidation by naturaldisastcrs andcatastrophies- 76 t The IndianNaval TbunamiReliefexperience atAceh Province,Indonesia SurgCdr A Duno SutgCdr G Vislwanath SuryCapt YPMonga SuryCdr A Blnrdwaj, SurgIt Cdr Slnloo Garg Re-organizingOursclves for DisasterRelief : Lessonsfrom Indonesia 84 ' SurBCdr G Vshwanath PATIIOI'GYQTJN 88 SurgIs Cdr RameshRao, I:t Cot A Malih SurgCqt RN Misra, SurgCdr IK hdmjit, Stlr:gCdr AS Naidu, SurgCgpt J D'Souza RADIOIJOGICALQTIIZ 90 ' $ur8 Capt I D'Sottz4 SurgCdr IK Indrajit, SurgIs Cdr SN Singh 3 Editorial CHRONICLINGTHE TSUNAMI OF 26DEC2OO4: AN UNPRECEDENTEDMARINE ENVIRONMENTALDISASTER SurgCdr IK INDRAIIT*, SurgLtCdr K MISHRA** fJere is somethingexclusive ! You arebrowsing a peacetime aid operationin history of mankind.Re- I lspecial issue of our Journal, that throws the acting swiftly to the sheer scale and severity of spotlighton the recentTsunarni, which was a natu- destruction,the IndianNavy prepareda deployment ral disasterof apocalypticproportions, impacting and logistic plan for its ships, aircrafts and shore us in an unprecedentedmanner. establishmentsto provide disasterrelief to coastal To begin with, let us reflect for a moment on a areasof IndiaincludingAndaman & NicobarIslands, fundamentalquestion. What was the compelling as also to the neighbouringcountries of Sri Lanka, needfor publishinga specialissue on the tsunami? Maldives and Indonesia.[2] Maritime passagesof ancientIndian seafarersduring the medeival ages Firstly, a tsunami is an uncommon,but serious werere-explored, albeit now for a humanitarianmis- maritimecalamity, that is particularlyrelevant to us sion of providing succour and relief, to the in the Indian Navy, engagedin protectingthe In- devastated. dian coastand littoral waters.This further assumes significance,by virtue of our professionalduties as Thirdly, this specialissue
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