San Jose State University SJSU ScholarWorks

Special Libraries, 1942 Special Libraries, 1940s

9-1-1942 Special Libraries, September 1942 Special Libraries Association

Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1942 Part of the Cataloging and Metadata Commons, Collection Development and Management Commons, Information Literacy Commons, and the Scholarly Communication Commons

Recommended Citation Special Libraries Association, "Special Libraries, September 1942" (1942). Special Libraries, 1942. Book 7. http://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/sla_sl_1942/7

This Book is brought to you for free and open access by the Special Libraries, 1940s at SJSU ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Special Libraries, 1942 by an authorized administrator of SJSU ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected].

Special Li

CONTENTS FOR SEPTEMBER 1942

United for Victory ...... S. L. A. MARSHALL Book List on Modern Military Science ....WILLARD K. DENNIS Protection of Statistical Information from Enemy Use. ... STUARTA. RICE Problems Created by the Discontinuance and Alteration of Statistical Information and Other Sources ...... GRAHAM HUTTON Postwar Planning ...... W. LLOYDGEORGE S. L. A. Chapter Presidents, Group and Standing Committee Chairmen and Editors and Special Representatives, 1942-1943 ...... Events and Publications ...... M. MARGARET KEHL September Forecasts of Forthcoming Books ...... Announcements ......

Indexed in Idustrial Arts Index and Public Affairs Information Service

THE STAFF

KATHLEENBROWN STBBBINS Advertising Manager

Thc articles which appear in SPECIALLIBRARIES cxprcss the vicws of the authors, and do not necessarily tcprcscnt the opinion or thc policy of thc cdicorial staff and publisha

SPECIAL LIBRARIES published monthly September to April, with bi-monthly issues May to August, by The Special Libraries Association. Publication Office, Mt. Royal and Guilford Aves., Baltimore, Md. Address all communications for publication to editorial offices at 31 East Tenth Street, Kew York, N. Y. Subscription price: $5.00 a year; foreign $5.50; single copies, 50 cents. Enkred as secund-class mafter of the Post Ofice at BaNimore, Md.,under the act of March 3, 1879, and or the special rate of postage as provided for in the Ad of Petwary 28, 1925 1HARPER BOOKS for SPECIAL LIBRARIES 1 4 September 1942 b I CONSTRUCTIVE INCOME TAXATION By IRVIIVG FISHER, E'conomics Professor Emeritus of Yule Unicersity and HERBEKT W. FISHER If the tax reforms proposed by this leading economic authority, reforms which he recently argued before the Senate Finance Committee, are written into the new tax program, taxes on the un- divided profits of corporations and on the savings and capital gains of individuals will be scrapped. Here is a most timely analysis of the basis of our income tax laws which has as its central theme the concept of taxing only net cash yield, not merely to raise masimum revenue, but to do so equitably. A detailed income tax schedule is offered to show how readily these proposals lend themselves to practical application,-how they simplify the collection as well as the payment of taxes, how they distribute the tax load according to ability to pay, how they combat inflation, how they will stimulate purchase of war bonds, etc. Everyone concerned with the growing tau problem will find here the most satisfactory solution thus far advanced. $3.00 BASIC FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS By ALEXAKDER WALL, Secretary and Treasurer, Robert Morris Associates This book is addressed to the owners of business, the creditors of business, and to students of accountancy. It is the culmination of thirty-five years of study and writing in the field of finan- cial statement analysis from the point of view of its constructive use by those responsible for the financial operation of a business. New, more accurate methods of analysis are advanced and proof of their soundness and their value in uncovering figure facts usually passed over by incomplete analysis are offered in three analyses of the real figures of actual companies. $2.50 HOW TO DICTATE BETTER LETTERS By JAMES F. GRADY and MILTON HALL The guidance in this book, an outgrowth of the authors' remarkably successful training work in Federal departments, is made available for general use for the first time. The book's compact statement of essentials is built around an analysis of sis elements which have helped more than 45,000 letter writers, from major executives to beginning correspondents, in insurance com- panies, department stores, banks, railroads, governrnent agencies, cooperatives and public Iutilities, to write effective letters with less effort and in less time. $1.50 PRINCIPLES OF EMPLOYMENT PSYCHOLOGY By NAROLII E. BURT, Professor of Psychologg, Ohio State Unicersity Employers and personnel officers interested in the most recent applications of psychological knowledge to good employment practice should find this comprehensive volume invaluable. It brings completely up to date the principles and procedures in this: entire field, for the coverage of topics includes mental tests, both general and special, vocational aptitude tests, rating scales, trade tests and job analysis techniques. In war industries where the need for accurate methods for rapidly putting new people to work has stimulated a new and widespread interest in employ- ment psychology, this volume will find its greatest usefulness. $4.50 DYNAMICS OF VOCATIONAL ADJUSTMENT By DONALD E. SUPER This book breaks new ground in the field of vocational guidance literature and will appeal to all interested in any aspect of this work. Its approach to the subject is not merely through the needs of young people but through the total economic needs and activities of the community. It discusses occupations, the processes of vocational adjustment and the techniques for effecting such adjustments in a fresh and stimulating way.

HARPER & BROTHERS e 49 East 33rd Street e NEW YOR UNITED FOR VICTORY1

By S. L. A. MARSHALL Military Analyst, The Detroit Neic~.r,Detroit, Michigan

E ARE citizens of an ignorant perhaps ten times as many books on mili- republic and have many, many tary affairs as were ever published before things to learn. We need to in our history, and for every IOO books so redirectw our intelligence and our applica- published there will be only three or four tion along lines which are consistent with that add anything to public enlightenment the future-a future in which the Ameri- or to public grasp of military principles or can people will have a more complete those policies upon which the safety of grasp of their important affairs than they this republic rests. Mr. Fadiman's judg- have at present. ment has been regarded highly by the rank and file of America and if he says a book is good the public believes it. But As members of the Special Libraries his judgment on military affairs is based Association you are interested in spe- altogether on the question of whether cialized knowledge. As a writer of military the book is well written and not upon books, and as one who has labored in that whether or not the premises are wrong. field most of his life, I want to impress Boolcs that are suggested for the general upon you that those who quest for military public by The Detroit News, The New York knowledge are confused because there are Times, New York Herald Tribalze and by too many books on the subject, many of practically every publisher have no spe- which are bad, and in looking for the cialized background, no specialized good ones much time is wasted. In the approach to the field itself. Unfortunately libraries of the United States with the ex- these books are farmed out to people ception of a few such as at Fort Benning whose names have headline value. They or at the War College, there is not one are farmed out, for instance, to college pro- librarian who considers it important to fessors rather than to men who have develop a discriminating judgment on devoted their lives to a study of the sub- military books; to know which are good ject. There are, however, a few exceptions. and which are not and which should be The Saturday Review of Literatare is one, but presented to the public and which kept it is about the only publication of which I from it. There are being published today know that makes an earnest approach to books on technical subjects. 1 An abridgement of a talk presented before the First General Session of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Looking back over these past few years, Convention of Special Libraries Association in De- we can see the result of this kind of chaotic troit, Michigan, June 19, 194r organization of public thought. In 1932 a 238 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [Septcmbar book was written that told the future of consider his views of value. Isn't it time war in this world and provided a perfect to snap out of all this and realize what we blueprint for everything that has happened are doing to ourselves; realize that the to our military forces in these last two and reverberation and the strange aberration one-half years. There was only one man that occurs in this war will be the direct who realized what World War I had done consequence of our system of organizing to military progress. He became head of our knowledge and of our system of edu- the British Tank Corps and a distinguished cation in the United States? I tell you, the soldier in mechanized operations. He is undue optimism in our country is not a Major J. F. Fuller of the British Army. light thing. It is perhaps the most alarm- Major Fuller felt very strongly that what ing situation with which we must contend. the world needed was a book that every- My judgment is based upon what I have one in Britain could read so that he could gathered since Pearl Harbor on having realize what was going to happen in a talked to 647 audiences. During thattime future war and thus be able to face that I have come in contact with something future. He hoped that his book, loaded like a third of a million of my fellow with pure gold all the way through, would Americans in the state of Michigan, in be read by Englishmen who in turn would Ohio, in Illinois and in Canada. If you compel their government to do the same. think that the American people are awake That book sold less than IOO copies in and aroused to an understanding of this Britain; 28 copies in the British Army. war and are ready to go forward and know Only 5 copies reached the United States. what is demanded of them, then you have I happened to obtain one of them; one is not the slightest idea of the job that is at the War College; one at Fort Benning; ahead of us. We are like the Dodo in Alice one at Fort Leavenworth; and one at Fort in Wonderland who proposed a wonderful Riley. One day I picked up the Fort Ben- game, in which everybody played, every- ning book to see how it had been appreci- body won and everybody received prizes. ated and discovered it had been borrowed by only two officers in ten years. On the other hand in Germany 30,000 copies were We can win a war and lose everything published for the benefit of the officers and that was worth fighting for. We can win in Russia, the Red Army published 60,000 a war and lose the peace unless we under- copies. stand what is demanded of us. It has been We have in the United States approxi- interesting to me to note the lack of aware- mately 450 men who, since the war started, ness on the part of our people. They do write as experts on military affairs for not realize that fighting a total war means radio and newspapers. Of those 450 men, something total to themselves. It would there are not more than six who have the be worthwhile to look at the Russian background to enable them or to justify people for a moment and see how they live. them in taking such an assignment. Today Every kind of autonomy such as the a man who writes on this subject for 48 autonomy which you represent this morn- hours is considered not only qualified but ing has been taken from them; every kind an expert and people listen to him and of selfish impulse has been stripped from think him important. Actually they know them. That is true of women as well as about as much as he does, but the prestige men. If a Russian woman is found to have given to him by his position makes them more than a thousand rubbles in her pos- 19421 UNITED FOR VICTORY 23 9 session, even though she may be one of the people gathering together with other men finest workers in the land, she will be sent and women to express their personal to prison for five years. These people have views, which is the very essence of put aside all selfish impulses. All those Democracy. things they liked to do have been re- I have heard people listen for fifteen nounced in favor of the state. Individuals minutes to Kaltenborn and at the end of all down the line have driven selfishness his talk, remark, "That was a tremendous out of their lives. This is also true in presentation, what is trump?" I have had Germany, Italy and Japan. We in the said to me by people in Michigan, "I United States, believe that every man is thoroughly approved of your comments given the right to do as he pleases and that the other night." But when I replied by giving up only what is exacted of him "What did you do about them"?" no one or demanded by law, he can compete has said, "I did thus and so." against these nations. It does not seem to We think that Elmer Davis can save a occur to the American people that the situation when that situation can only very basis of success is voluntary coopera- be saved in terms of millions of people tion. We are letting our heritage slip taking a new attitude, reorganizing their through our fingers. What is needed to points of view and losing their present arouse the American people to move for- stupid optimism. The time is at hand when ward with full might in the war effort is our government should sound a clear call the goal of a worthwhile peace. As in to battle and make everyone understand 1919we have the essentials that will win what Democracy is; that this is as much a the peace. But we are not going to attain personal job for him as for his forebears it because sugar is rationed or because in the Revolutionary War. If we can but rubber is rationed; or think that by com- reach higher levels in approaching the plying with these and other regulations spirit of the American people, if we can we are putting outselves in the proper state rally them with a battle cry that will ap- of mind. peal to their realization that these are their homes, their lands, their mountains, their rivers and their valleys-enriched by I often wonder what has happened to a past that now challenges them-we Democracy in our time because some- would then arouse a spirit in America that thing has happened-to it. We have lost would transcend above rumors, race preju- certain essentials and we have slowed dices and the notion that we are fighting down. Maybe it is so because what we to defend the British Empire. It is the consider is the advancement of civiliza- fighting spirit of a nation which counts tion is only the technique-such as radio. above all else and it is only through that We resemble savages who listen to the spirit that peace will come again to this wind and who bend their ears to catch land. the sound because they think the gods are We can well observe, in closing, the talking to them. In the same way, the example that was provided for us by the American people stretch their ears through first anniversary of Russia's entry into the the ether in order to catch our thoughts. war. Russia is still a strong nation; still You cannot move people to action by has a marvelous chance for defense; still is talking to them over the radio. There is able to hold the enemy. This has not been something in the old town meeting idea of accomplished so much because of her 240 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September higher military forces, but because there nificently. Then and only then shall we re- are millions of men and women who said turn to this spirit: "Kill me if you must, but you must kill me "Shall I ask the brave soldier, who fights by my side before I let you kill this ideal in which In the cause of mankind, if our creeds agree? I believe." They have a faith, not only for Shall I give up the friend I have valued and tried, If he kneel not before the same altar with me? living but for dying. We must understand From the heretic girl of my soul should I fly, that freedom never came down to any To seek somewhere else a more orthodox kiss? man through the ages on a silver platter, No! perish the hearts, and the laws that try that every privilege we have is descended Truth, valour or love, by a standard like this!" to us because somewhere along the line There must finally come to us, a realiza- there were men and women willing to fight tion that in our day, liberty as we under- to their death so that, if they themselves stand it can have no other interpretation than this. Then as we sing our National could not profit by that freedom, they Anthem and in closing proclaim that could pass it on to future generations. It is America "is the land of the Free" we shall only by arousing this nation to put forth know that it will remain the "land of the its full effort that the doubts we now have Free" only so long as it continues to be will vanish and our power will rise mag- "the home of the Brave."

Book List on Modern Military Science Compiled by WILLARD KELSO DENNIS

Librarian, Parks Air College, [nc., East St. Louis, Illinois

'ATIONS fighting the Axis en- their di&culty in recommending suitable courage free thought and learn- books on this subject to their clientele, I ing. Everyone follows the war wrote to a few of the acknowledged ex- very closely through the newspapers, perts along these lines for the books they radios, books and maps. Every indivi- considered to be the most authoritative on dual in his small way hopes to be an expert military affairs. The result is the follow- on military affairs, forming definite opin- ing compilation of a list of books recom- ions on the conduct of the war. Each is mended by Hanson W. Baldwin, Military influenced to a great extent by the authori- and Naval Correspondent for The New ties read and heard. These authorities York Times; Fletcher Pratt, who served mold public opinion. They provide the with the War Library Service in World background necessary for the understand- War I and who is a member of the U. S. ing of the movements and actions of the Naval Institute; S. L. A. Marshall, Mili- armies, navies and air forces of the military cary Analyst, The Detroit News; George powers. Fielding Eliot, Military and Naval Cor- Keeping in mind what Mr. Marshall respondent of the New York Herald Tribane said regarding the lack of military knowl- and Military Analyst for the Columbia edge of most librarians and, therefore, Broadcasting System; Mark Watson, Mili- 19421 MILITARY SCIENCE BOOK LIST '-4I tary Writer for the Baltimore Sun; and DeWeerd, H. A. Great soldicrs of the two toorld wars. Joseph I. Greene, Editor of the Infantry W. W. Norton, 1941. $3.10. (Greene) The name or names in paren- (Watson) Journal. Dodge, T. A. Napoleon; a history of origin nnd growth thesis following each entry is that of the of the art of war. zv. Houghton Mifflin, 1904- expert or experts recommending each 1907. $zo.oo. (Pratt) book. Dupuy, R. E. Civilian defense of the United States. Farrar & Rinehart, 1942. $2.50. (Greene) Abend, Hallett. Ramparts of the Pacijic. Doubleday, Edwards, Kenneth. We dive at dawn. Reilly & Lee, Doran, 1942. $3.50. (Watson) 1941. $3.00. (Pratt) Alden, C. S. Makers of naval tradition. Ginn, 1925. Eliot, G. F. Thc ramparts we watch. Reynal Br $1.56. (Watson) Hitchcock, 1938. $3.00.

Infantry Journal. Tactics and technique of infantry. Pratt, Fletcher. Navy: a history. Doubleday, Military Service, 1941. 4 V. in 2: V. 1-2, $3.00; Doran, 1938. $4.00. (Baldwin) (Watson) v. 3-4, $4.00. (Greene) Pratt, Fletcher. What the citixen shouM know abozrt Johnson, D. W. Topography and strategy in war. modern war. W. W. Norton, 1942. $2.50. Henry Holt, 1919. $2.00. (Marshall) (Greene) (U7atson) Knox, Dudley. History of the United States navy. Puleston, William. Armed forces in the Pacific. Yale G. P. Putnam's sons, 1936 $5.00. (Watson) University press, 1941. $3.25. (Baldwin) Levy, Bert. Guerilla warfare. Penquin books, 1942. (Eliot) (Watson) z5b. (Pratt) (Greene) Rosinski, Herbert. The German army. Harcourt, McEntee, G. L. Military history of the world war. Brace, 1940. $3.00. (Greene) Charles Scribner's sons, 1937. $7.50. (Baldwin) Schubert, Paul. Sea power in conjlict. Coward- (Watson) McCann, 1942. $2.50. (Eliot) Mahan, Alfred. The inpuencc of sea power upon history, Shirer, William. Berlin diary. Alfred A. Knopf, 1660-1783. 13th ed. Little, Brown, 1897. 1941 $3.75 (Marshall) $4.50. (Pratt) Shotwell, J. T. What Germany forgot. Macmillan, Mahan, Alfred. On naval warfare. Little, Brown, 1942. $1.75. (Marshall) 1941. $3.25. (Baldwin) Slessor, J. C. Air power and armies. Oxford Publish- Marder, A. J. Anatomy of British seapower-1880-1901. ing Co., 1936. $3.25. (Eliot) Alfred A. Knopf, 1940. $5.~(Marshall) Spears, F. L. Prelude to victory. Alfred A. Knopf, Marshall, S. L. A. Armics on wheels. McClelland & 1939. $5.75. (Marshall) Stewart, 1941. $3.75 (Eliot) (Greene) Sprout, Harold. The rise of Amrican naval power. (Watson) Princeton University press, 1940. $3.75. Marshall, S. L. A. Blitzkrieg. McClelland & (Baldwin) (Watson) Stewart, 1940. $3.75 (Greene) (Watson) Sprout, Harold. Toward a new order of sea power. Mayo, C. B. Yoar navy. Parker & Baird, 1939. Princeton University press, 1940. $3.75. $3.50. (Watson) (Baldwin) Miksche, F. 0. Attack: a study of blitzkrieg tactics. Spykman, N. J. America's strategy in world politics. Random House, 1942. $2.50 (Greene) Harcourt, Brace, 1942. $3.75. (Greene) Munson, E. L. Leadership for American army leaders. Stevens, W. 0. History of sea power. Doubleday, Infantry Journal, 1941. $1.00. (Greene) Doran, 1937. $6.00. (Baldwin) Newman, J. R. The tools of war. Doubleday, Doran, 1942. $5.". (Marshall) (Baldwin) (Eliot) Stowe, Leland. No other road to freedom. Alfred A. (Greene) Knopf, 1941. $3.75. (Marshall) Nickerson, Hoffman. Armcd horde, 1793-1939. G. P. Strong, A. L. Soviets expected it. Dial press, 1941. Putnam's sons, 1940. $4.25. (Baldwin) $2.50. (Watson) Oman, Sir C. W. C. Art of war in the Middle Ages. Taylor, Edmond. The strategy of terror. Houghton Houghton Mifflin, 1914. $IZ.~O.(Pratt) Mifflin, 1940. $3.25 (Marshall) Palmer, J. M. America in arms. Yale University Thompson, P. W. How the Jap armyfights. Penguin press, 1941. $2.00. (Watson) books, 1942. 256 (Greene) (Watson) Peck, James. Armies with wings. Houghton Mifflin, Thompson, P. W. Modern battle. W. W. Norton, I940 $3.25 (Pratt) 1942. $2.75. (Marshall) (Pratt) (Eliot) Phillips, R. Roots of strategy. Military Service, T. (Greene) (Watson) I940 $3.00. (Eliot) Powell, Hickman. What the citizen should know about Thompson, P. W. What the citizen should know abo~t the coast guard. W. W. Norton, 1941. $2.00. the army engineers. W. W. Norton, 1942. $1.50. (Greene) (Watson) (Greene) (Watson) Pratt, Fletcher. America in total war. Smith and Willoughby, C. A. Maneuvcr in war. Military Durell, 1941. $3.00. (Marshall) service, 1939. $3.00. (Baldwin) (Pratt) Protection of Statistical Information from Enemy Use1 By STUART A. RICE

Assistant Director in Charge of Statistical Standards, Bureau of the Budget, Executive Office of the President, Washington, D. C.

T IS gratifying to discuss this problem window he looked down "over Califor- with the Special Libraries Associa- nia's infinitely fertile farm lands, over I tion. You are perhaps more intimately forests of oil derricks. . . . At Burbank . . . concerned with restrictions upon the pub- beside the great Lockheed and Vega plants lication of information than any other . . . hundreds of war planes, complete and professional group in the nation. I accepted incomplete stood . . . outside . . . " Be- your invitation knowing that I would find fore reaching the end of the enormous among you an intimate and sympathetic room, he "had glimpsed steel, oil, aircraft understanding of the issues which I am to and other production facilities that make discuss, and of their implications for cus- pygmies of those which Japan possesses. tomary ways of thinking among intelli- . . . Envoy Kurusu no longer spoke of gent and liberal people. Let me begin by touchdowns." I was among the many to considering the changed ways of thought whom this purported analogy gave a smug which my topic implies, and by using an satisfaction. A tour of American war pro- illustration which some of my audience duction facilities by all Japanese military has heard before. leaders would have seemed a good idea! Time, the weekly magazine, began its That was at the end of November 1941. first page story on November 24, 1941, Less than five months later our newspapers with an elaborate analogy: "Mussolini", inconspicuously carried the information it said, "placed his desk at the end of a that window shades on commercial planes huge room so that visitors would have in this country would be drawn "to pre- time to grow uncomfortable as they ap- vent scrutiny of war industries, harbor proached it." Similarly a visitor to the defenses and the like in the vicinity of United States, Saburo Kurusu, Japanese airports." The new policy was put into "peace" envoy, after an interview in San effect by the Airline Transport Association Francisco in which he talked of making a at the suggestion of the War Department. "touchdown," had flown across America Thus the blackout concept caught up with to Washington like a man going across a the "enormous room" phantasy. It is easy more enormous room. From his plane to misinterpret the changed attitudes and valuations illustrated by these two items. 1 Address before the Joint Meeting of the Com- As Time assumed and as the President has merce and Financial Groups at the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention of Special Libraries Association, often demonstrated there is a case for the , Detroit, Michigan, June 19, 1942. disclosure of our military and industrial '44 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

strength for propaganda or other strategic tions when the wartime need for them has purposes. At the same time the details of ended ! this disclosure may be of advantage to the Concern about the termination of these enemy. Hence, the very same information wartime restrictions may easily be induced may require in the national interest both by a study of the historical development of suppression and the widest dissemination, statistics in the modern world. Statistical depending upon timing, circumstances and data were originally collected and used as who is doing the disseminating. instruments of national policy. As they be- Such considerations of strategy involve came available to the public they were no basic change in mental habits. I am found useful also as guides to individual talking of an article of national faith action. They permitted more accurate fore- which appears to have become insecure. casts of prices and of other factors determin- We, who were reared in liberal traditions, ing market supply and demand. Statistics have taken freedom of con~municationfor thus assisted in the downfall of mer- granted. However skeptical we may have cantilism; in the replacement of govern- been concerning Zuissex-faire as a principle mental controls over markets by the forces of economic order, Laissex-fuira has charac- of free competition; and hence contributed terized our belief in purification by knowl- to the evolution of liberal, democratic edge. "Ye shall know the truth and the society. In a world at war, governmental truth shall make ye free." Truth will win directives are again replacing free com- over error in the end and thus spell the petition and statistics are again used doom of tyrants. This faith is surely one primarily as instruments of national pol- cornerstone of the librarian's profession. icy. Governments need accurate data at Must it now be abandoned? I believe that their disposal concerning the material the answer is no. We have not since Pearl resources, industrial output and capacities, Harbor lost faith in the triumph of truth transportation facilities and manpower. when engaged in fair combat with error. They also need to weigh these elements of Rather, we have reluctantly admitted that strength against those of hostile nations, free competition between truth and error but statistics on such matters are weapons does not and cannot now exist. In a world which must not fall into enemy possession. of "controlled" economies, arrayed The leading European belligerents since against each other in a death struggle, a the beginning of the war have greatly diminishing place has been left for laissez- extended their statistical activities while faire in the communication of facts and greatly reducing their statistical publi- ideas. Our national task is through victory cations. to reestablish the conditions in which fact The conversion now in process of our and opinion may be freely disseminated nation's statistical organization into a and fearlessly evaluated. Meanwhile we wartime instrument involves many heart- must fight fire with fire. In the United aches for those who yearn for statistics and States, during the past six months, some research as usual. Skipping these heart modes of communication of some kinds of interests I wish to reformulate my subject facts and interpretations have been abol- as an attempt to answer the following four ished or seriously restricted. I am here to questions: First, in what ways are statisti- tell you about those restrictions which cal data useful to the enemy and to our- pertain to the publication and use of selves? This is important if we are to know statistical information; but may God what data to suppress. Second, what are forbid the continuation of these restric- the problems of protecting our data from 19421 PROTECTION OF INFORMATION FROM ENEMY '45 enemy use? This involves some considera- saboteurs those particular tasks which tion of the governmental agencies that would produce the maximum dislocation are involved. Third, what restrictive meas- in aircraft production. Again, published ures have been introduced? This will be figures of exports and imports by commod- something of a catalogue. Lastly, what ities and countries would throw much part can librarians have in these mechan- light upon trade routes along which the isms of protection? This is a question enemy could deploy his forces at sea. which can profitably be left very largely The second type of enemy interest in our to my audience. statistical information reflects his hope of gaining clues to our military strategy. A How THE ENEMYUSES DATA table showing the disposition of our mili- If we are to know what to keep from tary strength throughout the world would the enemy's hands, we must know what be ideal for his purposes. Lacking this, he would like to have, and why. Experi- helpful disclosures may inadvertently be ence respecting such matters is scanty in made by statistical data of seeming inno- the United States, but we may benefit from cence. For example, data on the production the experience of our friends and allies, of men's gloves or clothing, suitably bro- and from what we know of enemy practice. ken down by type, style and weight, might Without attempting a logical classifica- provide such "tip-offs;" since fur gloves tion, or one of mutually exclusive cate- would scarcely be intended for use in the gories, but with a quite unwarranted air tropics, nor feather-weight clothing for of authority, I will cite three types of use in Iceland or Greenland. Similarly interests which the enemy may find in domestic commodity shipments to certain our statistical information. ports might disclose prospective embarka- His first and most obvious interest is in tions and their destinations. Statistical the selection of targets. Target informa- series on the components of national in- tion is disclosed whenever the enemy is come may disclose the size of the armed enabled to learn the location or character forces because of existing knowledge of of a military installation, a naval unit, a per capita Army and Navy pay. Data on facility for war production or a land or employment by industry indicate the di- water route over which vessels, vehicles, rection of industrial effort and may there- troops, war workers, strategic materials fore show the direction of military effort. or products are moved. "Target" is used The third and broadest category of broadly, to include objects of potential enemy interest in statistical information sabotage, shell fire or bombing. The dis- is related to "economic warfare." It is closure of target information is not always here especially that we start with an obvious. Suppose that a published statisti- enormous handicap. While our statistics cal table shows the monthly production were being given freely to all the world, of aircraft by types and by States. A great totalitarian nations were concealing the deal may already be known to enemy most vital of their own and using ours to agents about the location and character plan their conquests. In a recent article in of the producing plants on the basis of Foreign Affairs2 Karl Brandt asserts: general knowledge in the communities "The domestic resources of the Germans, the concerned. Nevertheless, the statistical Italians and the Japanese were inadequate in many table would almost inevitably disclose 1 "Mobilizing our Dormant Resources for Total target information since it would assist War," by Karl Brandt, reprinted from Foreign Affairs, the enemy in assigning to his staff of an American Quarterly Review, April 194~. ~4~ SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September respects; in some respects they were nil. They set commodities. Basic military strategy may about supplementing them by stockpiles of strategic depend upon evidence, or lack of it, con- materials. And when the war began they knew just what they wanted to secure from their military con- cerning such questions. quests, and just where to seize it and how co exploit The interest which statistics possess for it. By ceaseless toil and relentless concentration on the governments, our own and our enemies', sole task of arming, they built up an overwhelming should not obscure their importance for striking power; and then, utilizing that power, they private citizens. This is probably in direct went from one conquest to another, each economic as well as military." ratio to the extent to which the life and work of the citizen are still governed by Those who plan economic warfare may free enterprise. Thus in the production of utilize almost any item of information con- minerals and metals, the numbers of pro- cerning the economic and social system of ducers are relatively small and govern- the opposing nation. The objectives are to mental controls have largely replaced build up a rounded and comprehensive demand, supply, price and cost factors as picture of the enemy's national economy; regulators of production. It is not the to determine its elements of strength and market price of copper and magnesium and weakness; to forecast its economic, social the costs of producing them which deter- and political trends; and in the light of mine output, but the specifications of need these to develop specifications for military, by war agencies, to which may be added economic, political or psychological at- artificial price inducements. In agriculture, tack upon it. Some of these specifications on the other hand, there are six million arc again in terms of targets. Others may producers. Artificial price inducements be in terms of preclusive buying or diplo- may be offered for meeting agricultural matic agreements with respect to the dis- production "goals," but nevertheless the position of raw materials. A further basic market controls are still exercised to objective is to forecast the economic possi- a much greater degree than in mining by bilities of aggressive action by the enemy competitive influences which depend upon nation, or obtain clues to his future mili- many kinds of current statistics. A con- tary strategy. tinued flow of these statistics is thus Respecting all of these types of enemy important to individual citizens, to the interest, it is important to observe that general public and to the national interest statistical information having little value itself. The conclusion to which I am lead- to the enemy in and of itself may be ing is that every proposed restriction must important because of its correlation with balance off its disadvantages against the other more important information. Figures need to thwart the enemy in his purpose to on employment and payrolls are closely injure us. I am sure you will agree that correlated with the corresponding industry equations of this kind, possessing unlike figures on production of goods or services. terms, are often difficult of solution. Figures on the production of strategic and critical commodities are important because they may indicate, by themselves or when The problem of protecting data from combined with figures of stocks and im- enemy use is related to two wartime func- ports, the szlppl' of the commodity in tions which are distinct bur closely linked question. Freight car loadings may provide together in the public mind, namely, another measure of production or of sup- censorship and propaganda, or the dis- ply. The importance of estimates of supply semination of public information. Oficial is indicated by our own concern over Nazi responsibilities concerning these functions supplies of oil and other important, scarce have been somewhat intermingled, since 19421 PROTECTION OF INFORMATION FROM ENEMY 247 both are cut across by another important agency for a corresponding control over distinction, that between oficial and un- government publications. It also, by official communication of information. Executive direction, was responsible for Still another basis of distinction which clearing the public utterances of certain has been observable in the administrative public officials. These controls, like those machinery concerns the media of dissem- of the Office of Censorship over press and ination-the so-called "release," the sta- radio, depended largely upon the volun- tistical bulletin or report, the press, tary acquiescence of Federal agencies. magazines, radio, postal service, etc. They were guided by determinations of My exposition of the agencies, activities governmental policy by a Committee on and relationships which have developed War Information, established by the in adaptation to these cross-cutting factors Executive Order creating the Office of has necessarily undergone a last-minute Facts and Figures, and containing policy- revision. As the draft of this paper was making officials of the War and Navy De- being "cleared" by the Office of Facts and partments and other war agencies. This Figures, six days ago, that agency and Committee is now succeeded by the Com- several other governmental units, either mittee on War Information Policy pro- as a whole or with respect to their powers vided by Section 3 of the recent Executive and duties related to the informational Order. The size and character of its mem- function, were consolidated by Executive bership did not warrant attempts by the Order (June 13) into a new Office of War Committee on War Information to settle Information. I cannot prophesy the modi- detailed issues respecting the publication fications of policy and procedure which or suppression of statistical data. On will result from this long-awaited Execu- March 18, 1941, therefore, the Bureau of tive action. I will therefore lean somewhat the Budget was directed in an Executive heavily upon the statm qgo ante, especially Order to maintain continuous surveillance since some of the major lines of responsi- of governmental publication of statistical bility have not been substantially altered. data and to determine in any instance The primary distinction between the whether publication would be in accord- informational and censorship functions ance with governmental policy designed remains unchanged. Section 8 of the Order to guard against the unauthorized dis- provides that "The Director of the Office closure of vital information as formulated of War Information and the Director of by appropriate authority. Within the Censorship shall collaborate in the per- Bureau of the Budget this task falls to the formance of their respective functions for Division of Statistical Standards and the the purpose of facilitating the prompt and ',appropriate authority" to whom we full dissemination of all available informa- looked for over-all policy determinations tion which will not give aid to the prior to June 13 was the Committee on War enemy. " The Office of Censorship conhnes Information. The "appropriate authority" its interest in the public dissemination of is now the Office of War Information and/ information to the unofficial media. It or the Committee on War Information supervises a voluntary "Code of War- Policy, the Chairman of which is Mr. Time Practices for the American Press" Elmer Davis, Director of the Office of and a similar voluntary code for radio. War Information. Not wholly clear is By agreement with the Director of Censor- the relationship to these mechanisms of ship, the Office of Facts and Figures, now the protective or "security" functions, consolidated in the Office of War Informa- represented especially by the intelligence tion, was deemed to be the appropriate and security units of the War and Navy 248 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [Septembcr

Departments, the Federal Bureau of In- formation should be supplied to anyone vestigation and the Post Office Depart- by a war contractor without specific ment. military approval. If literally enforced, Among the further issues which are this would have prevented, for example, involved here, I believe that two will be the current collection of employment in- of particular interest to librarians. The formation by the Bureau of Labor Statis- first concerns the so-called "classification" tics or even the filing of corporation tax of information. Under separate War and returns with the Bureau of Internal Reve- Navy Department regulations, informa- nue. These unforeseen results were unin- tion may be "classified" as "secret, , . tentional and there is now complete "confidential," or "restricted." If not so agreement that all governmental agencies designated it is known as "unclassified" may continue to receive individual reports and is unrestricted in its use. "Secret" in- required by law, regulation or administra- formation must be kept in the possession tive necessity. of the smallest possible number of respon- sible officials, must be kept under lock in a safe place and can be transmitted from The proscriptions upon statistical publi- one person to another only under maxi- cation agreed upon to date were outlined mum safeguards. "Confidential" informa- in a memorandum of March 16 addressed tion is of a somewhat lesser order of by the Division of Statistical Standards to secrecy. "Restricted" information is gen- Federal statistical agencies. Not to be erally available to official personnel for published is Statistical Information, in- whom it has interest, but may not be cluding production schedules and progress published. Quite recently the Department reports, which would reveal the current or of Commerce and certain war units have prospective situation concerning the fol- adopted similar regulations, but as yet lowing subjects :- there is no general classification system for (I) Aircraft and parts the Federal Government. The responsi- (2) Ordnance, including guns, am- bility for establishing a uniform Federal munition, combat vehicles, etc. classification system, if it is deemed (3) Shipbuilding, including combat necessary, probably now falls upon the vessels and merchant ships Office of War Information. Such a system, (4) Overseas bases in my opinion, should rest upon recipro- (5) Utilization or movement of ships, city among Federal agencies as to the or amount of ship tonnage, on the high respect paid to the classifications of one seas or in coastal waters agency by another, but would further (6) Size, composition and movement provide for central review and surveillance of armed forces over the classifications of data by individ- (7) Machine tools (other than total ual agencies. production) The second issue to which I refer con- (8) War contract awards cerns the rights of non-military Federal (9) Military installations agencies to receive individual reports from (10) Site locations or operations of citizens, especially from holders of war individual plants or companies holding contracts; together with the duties of war contracts citizens to supply such information for (11) Supplies of strategic and critical ordinary administrative or statistical pur- materials and services poses. At one time a directive issued by In some respects this list is more restric- the War Department required that no in- tive than it appears. In particular, item (s), 19Pl PROTECTION OF INFORMATION FROM ENEMY 249

"utilization or movement of ships, or American republics lend their support to amount of ship tonnage, on the high seas the restrictions on statistical publication or in coastal waters" includes the suppres- adopted by any one of them. This policy sion of figures on the foreign trade of the was recently recommended to the various United States, other than gross totals, for American republics by the Inter-American the period since October I, 1941. Economic and Financial Advisory Com- On the other hand, item (II), "supplies mittee. Without such action, for example, of strategic and critical materials and the suppression of figures on United States services," is liberally interpreted. To date imports of copper from Chile might be it has been applied to only 37 items, al- nullified by the publication of figures on though the number of strategic and critical Chilean exports of copper to the United materials on the most recent list of the States. Army and Navy Munitions Board (April 10,1942) is 109, some of which, moreover, are really classes or groups of commodities. Most of the proscribed items are minerals, metals and chemicals. It is contemplated I ask the question of you first because it that the 1941 Minerals Yearbook will be will inevitably be asked of me. My answers printed as usual but as a "confidential" are halting. Federal agencies have been document, limiting its distribution to urged to scrutinize and thoroughly comb official users, and that the remaining cop- their mailing lists, eliminating all names ies will be impounded for unrestricted dis- of unidentified persons and persons with- tribution after the war. However, certain out a clear use for the data supplied them. individual chapters of this volume con- I suggest analogous steps respecting the taining information on non-strategic com- users of your shelves and tables. Identify modities are being published as separates. all of your customers. Make sure that you Government agencies are by no means know who is using what information, the only collectors of statistical data in- without exception. Establish special pre- cluded on the March 16 list. In some fields cautions to safeguard any confidential trade associations or trade journals are the material which may be sent to you. Raise chief collectors and compilers of important questions with "appropriate authorities" statistical information; but the publica- about doubtful cases. tions of these organizations along with Beyond these common sense precautions those of State and local governments are and others like them, may I suggest that under the jurisdiction of the Director of the librarian's most significant function the Office of Censorship. To avoid incon- during these war years may be not unlike sistency that official has agreed in respect that of the guardians and copyists of to unofficial statistical publication "to manuscripts in the middle ages-those follow the lead" of the Division of Statis- who in many a cloister protected the basic tical Standards respecting the publication materials of learning until the regrowth of of analogous official statistics. Thus statis- civilized urban society. Yours may be a tics on certain minerals and metals which similar share in the task of keeping the can no longer be published by the Bureau nation's information series intact, against of Mines cannot be published by the vari- the return of a world once more free; a ous trade associations and trade journals share during blackout in the guardianship in the same fields. of the factual continuities which the new Of similar intent is the policy that all postwar world will again require. Problems Created by the Discontinuance and Alteration of Statistical Informa- tion and Other Sources1 By GRAHAM HUTTON, B.Sc. (Econ.) (Lond.) Barrister-at-law, Director of the British Press Service, Chicago, Illinois; formerly Managing Editor of the London Economist

OTALITARIAN war means totali- ernments can be allowed to have access to tarian effort. This total effort on such vital intelligence, which throws so Tthe part of modern nations in turn, revealing a light on the nature and de- means, securing the fullest intelligence velopment of the democracies' war efforts, and information for one's own Govern- on their difficulties, their successes, their ment authorities and agencies, while bottlenecks and their toughening sinews. denying that intelligence and information to the enemy. Thus, when a democracy goes into total war effort, it runs up against problems which dictatorships have Let me begin by taking a simple example already overcome in peacetime. In short, from British experience. If Britain had in peacetime democracies make a boast of continued to publish its regular Govern- getting and giving not only the fullest mental series of shipping and foreign trade information about themselves to their statistics; if it had published the detailed own citizens but also to the citizens of all figures of the volume of freight traffic other states, dictatorships or not. Demo- borne by each railroad; if it had main- cracies dare not continue to do this in total tained its service of detailed statistical war. Therefore, democracies have to im- information on inventories, port and har- pose on themselves, on their Government bor traffic, fuel output, output per factory, agencies and on their citizens, restraints, etc., the enemy agents in neutral centers would have easily been able to determine interruptions and alterations in a very what focal points in Britain shoald be wide field of what we may call "public bombed, where enemy submarines could information." That information, which most destructively operate, and what came to the public in peacetime demo- Britain's greatest weaknesses in the next cracies from thousands of Government and few months might be. On that intelli- private sources, must in total war only gence, the enemy's own tactics, indeed, come to Government agencies or to execu- perhaps his whole strategy, might be tives of those firms which are responsible predicated. Therefore the mass of British for highly important sectors of the war citizens, including even the Press, could effort. Only the agents of democratic Gov- not be allowed to reproduce, or even pos- sess without the most stringent safeguards, I Address before the Joint Meeting of the Com- such dangerous knowledge. merce and Financial Groups at the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention of Special Libraries Association, What is not so obvious, however, is the Detroit, Michigan, June 19, 194r extent to which peacetime information, 19421 DISCONTINUANCE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION zj I statistical series, etc., have necessarily to you already perceive how important to be altered or as we now say "scrambled," your own country and to the enemy is the in order that the enemy should not be special information which arises from so able to deduce the most important ele- many sources in a country's total war ef- ments in our developing war effort. For fort. However, I must emphasize one these elements, if they became known, point. It is not so much the leakage of a would clearly indicate what might be ex- single item, a single figure, which is deadly pected in our own strategy and tactics. serious, as it is the leakage or publication The layman in peacetime who has to work of a regular ser?es of such figures. In other on such statistical series and regular in- words, if the enemy knew the exact num- formation services is a very important and ber of bombers produced in Britain, last valuable person in wartime. He is familiar month for instance, it would be very help- with his raw material and his instruments ful to him, but if he could discover a for securing and fashioning it. When he regular British series of statistics which becomes a Government servant, when he indicated the developing consumption of a enters the inner ring of those directly as- vital hardening alloy, he would receive sociated with responsibility for his coun- much greater help. In short, what we have try's war effort, he then realizes the danger to ensure is that the enemy is denied any which release of that material would admittance to the connecting corridor be- cause. Often it is the layman who has be- tween the absolute facts on the one hand, come a Government expert "for the dura- and the effect of those facts on our war tion" who goes to his Government and effort and strategy on the other. We not says, "See here, I have been working on only deny him all the facts we can, but in these production statistics for twenty addition, we take care that he cannot jump years. If you go on releasing this particular from a single fact, supposing he gets it, to series,-say, raw material inventories,- the ultimate implications of that fact. We the enemy will know exactly what our also take care to present what facts we do total production of, let us say, airplane present to the world in such a way as to motors can be, at its maximum, during the prevent the enemy going back and linking next six months." That is why even such them to the freely published series which seemingly innocent series as price-indices, we proudly and truthfully used to put out payrolls, freight figures and production in peacetime. We break all connections. statistics have all to be "scrambled" in Inevitably that means we break them for some way. Their direct relationship to our own mass of the citizens as much as for vital sectors of the war effort has to be the enemy. broken, and an indirect relationship has What particularly concerns me, how- to be set up in such a way that only the ever, is the peculiar set of problems which trusted initiates have the key to the com- this wartime necessity has created for us municating channel between one set of today and in the future. Consider for a figures, one lot of information and the moment what has been the rule in Britain other. for nearly three years of war. We, in I do not want to stress this point because Britain, have had, from the outset, to dis- you are all specialists in special informa- continue entirely the publication of cer- tion and intelligence of one kind or tain highly revealing national statistics:- another. I realize from my experience with the detailed export and import figures, many of your fellow members in A.S.L.I.B. shipping statistics, production and labor during the first two years of this war, that statistics, traffic figures, detailed fuel and 25z SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September power production and distribution sta- creased force of agents in what used to be tistics and even the composition of the called industry, the distributive trades, various wholesale and retail prices which transport, agriculture and the civil service. enter the regular indices of prices. But they cannot publish, in the legal sense, Although these are mainly Government any information. They can only use it statistics in peacetime, we have had to go and only have access to such portions of it much farther. You cannot allow corpora- as are necessary to their own immediate tions to publish their own private figures part in the total effort. On the other hand, of contracts, inventories, output, per- the Government and its manifold wartime sonnel, etc., for these give to the enemy agencies have become the reservoir into perhaps the location, or the growth, or the which most of the vital information and importance, or the future development of intelligence goes "for the duration." Two whole industries. Of course I do not mean problems at once emerge. First, these vital that comparatively unimportant firms records, which are links in the chain of working wholly for civilian needs do not information from the prewar world to the publish some material which tells the postwar world, have to be collated, safe- world what is going on in that firm or guarded, stored and indexed so that, after industry; but I do mean that, in so far as the war, the experience of the whole published material throws any sidelight country in total war can be truly described, on what Britain is intending to do in its as an unbroken trend from peacetime war effort, that material must not be al- through war to peacetime again. Secondly, lowed to reach the enemy. It does not help during the turmoil of war, some people, the enemy to know that a certain firm some Government agency or agencies made a certain profit, for the enemy knows working in unison, must see to it that the that we have a 1oo7~Excess Profits Tax wires do not become crossed; in other in Britain, and the enemy cannot deduce words, that one public Department's secret how that profit was made,-by what information does not slip out of relation- volume of contracts, by what increases in ship to information which is intimately personnel or prices, by what installation connected with it, but belonging to of new plant and equipment, or by what another Department. If this were to increasing rate of turnover and output per happen, we could never be sure of "un- man per year. But if that firm is directly scrambling the eggs" after the war and associated with our war effort,-and as presenting the full and accurate picture you know over 6070 of our total national of our wartime experience. Also, if it did output of all goods and services is now de- happen, we could never be sure of re- voted to direct prosecution of the war,- establishing the essential continuity be- it must not publish or make freely avail- tween the long regular series of public and able any information which might aid and private information preceding this war, comfort the enemy. and the vital information which we shall Let us look at the implications of this. require to establish a sound and secure For an undefined period, "the duration," international order in the peace of the the most important Government and future. private sources of information are diverted so that only the Government's own agencies and servants can have access to I can assure you that these contingencies that information. Of course the Govern- have been ever-present in the minds of the ment in wartime has an immeasurably in- responsible authorities in Britain from the ~9421 DISCONTINUANCE OF STATISTICAL INFORMATION IS3 outset. We, in Britain, are proud of corporate finance, in shipping and trans- our long record of public and private port, even in the wartime experience of the statistics, information and intelligence. retail stores, above all in the daily life of It has for long been the quarry of many re- a people living under constant threat of searchers from many lands. Both the aerial bombardment, utterly new but most British Government agencies and private valuable information has emerged and has firms and institutions have had to take been recorded and collated. Government, very far-reaching and often costly measures medical officers, psychiatrists, advertisers, to safeguard priceless records, going back railroad companies, parish priests, in some cases for centuries. It is not my lawyers, manufacturers, storekeepers, pub- task today to speak of what we have done lishers, mayors, aldermen and town clerks, in our public and special libraries, mu- all these and many more have become the seums, private firms and other establish- reservoirs of new and special information ments to ensure that vital continuity of which should first correct many of our information which we know that we, and peacetime impressions, and, secondly, other nations too, will assuredly require of start new kinds of inquiries and new series us in a future in which, as we hope, infor- of regular statistical and other informa- mation for our peoples will again be free tion. All this new information, therefore, and untrammelled by any consideration of must also be related to the old; and that, imparting knowledge to enemies. But I can again, is a job which we must not lose tell you that we have done it by micro- from sight. This war has taught us much photography, by special construction, by more about ourselves; and that is certainly removal to places of safety and by close and the beginning of wisdom. We want to hold continuous co-ordination of the wealth of on to that wisdom and make it regularly wartime information which arises from available after this war. In this particular every public and private partner in che job there is probably wider scope for the total war effort. We have lost many of our private institution, the special library or homes. One in every five in Britain has information bureau, than for Government. suffered damage by enemy action or has been destroyed. We have lost irreplace- able historical monuments, centuries old. But we have not lost our history as a I want to correct an impression that I people; for that lives in our records, and am sure, by now, you will all have. While with very few exceptions, surprisingly it is necessarily true that the most im- few exceptions, our public and private portant regular sources of public and pri- records are safe. vate information have had to beclosely This only emphasizes the other kind of controlled by some Government agency or problem about which I want to say some- other "for the duration," it is not true thing. There are rzew kinds of information that this process in Britain has resulted in arising in this war, which bear no relation- a kind of Governmental "corner" or ship to anything which has gone before. ''monopoly" of such information which In industry, in the evacuation of hundreds will persist indefinitely after the war. That of thousands of children and adults to has never been the attitude of the Govern- strange surroundings and strange com- ment. Its attitude, throughout, has been panionships, in the local and national that a temporary emergency has neces- medical services, in rationing drastically sitated an equally temporary control; but an entire people, in Governmental and that with the passing of the emergency, as 25 4 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

soon after the war as proves practicable, ments, or public relations departments, or public and private sources of information archives divisions of private corporations, should be freed from such emergency con- public institutions, trade associations, trol, and the work of re-establishing con- Chambers of Commerce and other special tinuity in our series of regular information information bureaus. In this way, to a and statistics should be undertaken. In large extent, we were able to draw on a that work, the Government agencies, vast amount of accumulated experience. many of them also temporary, will have Moreover, as business and Government to work closely with private institutions moved ever closer together in the partner- and firms in order to make available for ship which total war necessitates, busi- public and private use the information nessmen and executives, both men and which we shall all need again. This is an women, moved easily over from business immense task, for not all of the withheld or professional work to full-time, paid series will be releasable at once. It may Government jobs in one or other of the take some time before we can trace the new wartime agencies. In so doing, of experience of British exports and im- course, they took with them not only their ports, prices, cost-schedules, land and personal experience, valuable as that was; water traffic, production, etc., from pre- but they also took, in many cases, their 1939 until after this war. private records, their files, their libraries In this connection I should like to point or their information bureau and its con- out one significant fact in our British ex- tents; or, which comes to the same thing, perience. From 1939 onwards we had to they remained in private business or in set up and equip many wartime depart- their professions, placing freely at the ments and agencies. These agencies were Government agency's disposal their necessarily recruited, under pressure of records. You can imagine how important events, from the best people we could find; this was to the Ministry of Economic men and women who had had specific ex- Warfare, or to the Ministry of Food, or to perience of the particular work which that the Ministry of War Transport. In this wartime Government agency was formed way, any Government agency vitally con- to do. Examples are the Ministry of Eco- cerned with work which private corpora- nomic Warfare, the Ministry of War Trans- tions or institutions had known and per- port, the Ministry of Food, the Ministry formed for years, indeed, for decades, had of Information and a great number of a kind of working partnership with the other agencies or adjuncts to existing De- long-standing experience of innumerable partments, called into being by the de- firms, institutions, universities, special mands of total war. Each of these agencies libraries and record-keeping bureaus. It naturally laid hands on the persons best may not be fanciful to expect that after qualified :o handle its specific work. Each this war, in Britain at any rate, there will needed what we may broadly term an be much closer collaboration between the 6,.intelligence" or "information" depart- agencies of Government and the private ment, a special library, or an "archives business, professional and other institu- division," and of course most of them had tions in the country. For the present, the to have a "public relations department." tie-up is fairly close and the Government In these special divisions of each wartime authorities exercise a necessarily strict agency, men and women went to work control over what such private institu- from what, in peacetime, had mainly been tions may publish. It is interesting to note special libraries, or information depart- that, when the time comes to re-establish 19421 POSTWAR PLANNING 25 5 the freedom to publish public or private tion, in exposure to war-risks and in records, both the Government agencies organization. All I have tried to do, from and the private institutions may want to our British experience, is to set your minds carry on in closer cooperation. That working on the queries which my remarks would, in my personal opinion, mean a may conjure; to act as a mere stimulus to gain for both parties. For even in peace- discussion among yourselves about the time the Government has access to sources best way in which each and all of you, which are not wholly published so that with your great accumulated and special after the war both parties may find that it experience, may make your contribution is to their advantage to continue to share to your country's total war effort. That is their records and experience. As we found perhaps what discussions between Allies when we were forced to do this by war, we can best perform. secured what newspapermen and business- I cannot close without a personal testi- men would term "a better coverage of the mony to the excellence of your workand field" by sharing our official and private the work of your Association, which I experience. have known for many years. May it con- CONCLUSION tinue to flourish. In the months or years I have only been able lightly to sketch which still separate us from that total for you the main problems which as a victory towards which we are all striving, result of a democracy's entry into total may your work and your Association find war arise from the discontinuance or al- the ways and means to solve the problems teration of statistical and other informa- which are peculiar to your own country's tional sources. We are still in that war and wartime experience and to yourown very the effort is steadily becoming more and important field of service. That field-the more total, until an equally total victory field of special information, knowledge and is won. I do not want you merely to ac- intelligence-is the field upon which we cept your British Ally's experiences, ex- are planning, fighting and going to win periences now nearly three years old in this war. When we have won it, it will the war, and then try to translate those remain the field upon which we have to experiences into exactly parallel American plan, establish, secure and win the peace. equivalents. Our two countries are vastly That is a field of which you, who cultivate different in lay-out, in size, in administra- it, should feel proud.

Postwar Planning1 By W. LLOYD GEORGE

Editor, National Resources Planning Board, Washington, D. C.

ODAY those who talk and write Certainly postwar interest now is far about what the world will be like greater than it was at any time during Tafter the war almost match in num- World War I. In 1918,according to those ber those who discuss the battles of the who were close enough to the scene to Coral Sea and Midway, or argue about know, little, if any, thought had been Russian strategy or "A Second Front". given to postwar problems as late as a 2~6 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September month prior to the armistice. To discover mand the necessities and amenities of life the reason for this different attitude today, in exchange for work, ideas, thrift and this greater concern for the postwar future other socially valuable service; is something that historians, students of 3. The right to adequate food, clothing, mass psychology, political scientists and shelter and medkcal care; experts in the field of public opinion analy- 4. The right to security, with freedom sis will have to explain. It is enough for from fear of old age, want, dependency, us to know that there is a wide-spread and sickness, unemployment and accident; unusually articulate concern over what 5. The right to live zn a system of free will happen. It is important for us to enterprise, free from compulsory labor, discover the main currents of expression, irresponsible private power, arbitrary and to understand some of the directions public authority and unregulated mo- being taken by postwar planning. nopolies; 6. The right to come and go, to speak or to THEFOUR FREEDOMS AND NINE "RIGHTS" be sileut, free from the spyings of secret The Atlantic Charter and the Four Free- political police; doms statement of President Roosevelt in 7. The rzght to equality befcre the law, his message to Congress at the beginning with equal access to justice in fact; of 1942 constitute the basic statement of 8. The right to education, for work, for general objectives for all our postwar citizenship, and for personal growth and planning. happiness; and As you will recall, those freedoms are:- 9. The right to rest, recreation and ad- Freedom of speech and expression- ventare; the opportunity to enjoy life and everywhere in the world. take part in an advancing civilisation. Freedom of every person to worship God in his own way-everywhere in These statements of objectives are some- the world. thing you might usefully have posted Freedom from want-which trans- prominently before you as a kind of touch- lated into world terms, means economic stone to be used in interpreting the flood understandings which will secure to of materials pouring out on the reading and every nation a healthy peacetime life- listening public today. The U. S. Ofice everywhere in the world. of Education has a poster of the Four Freedom from fear-which translated Freedoms and the Office of Facts and Fig- into world terms, means a world-wide ures has reproduced a poster carrying a reduction of armaments to such a point combined printing of the Four Freedoms and in such a thorough fashion that no with the National Resources Planning nation will be in a position to commit an Board's statement of rights. More recent act of physical aggression against any landmarks of expression of postwar plan- neighbor-anywhere. ning aims have been the speeches of Vice A further expression of objectives, now President Henry A. Wallace before the Free being widely discussed, was made early World Association in New York on May this year by the National Resources Plan- 11 and the later address of Undersecretary ning Board. These are in terms of nine of State Sumner Welles. Mr. Welles ''rights" as follows: clearly marked the place of reciprocal trade I. The right to work, usefully and cre- treaties in paving the way to better inter- atively through the productive years; national trade in the postwar world. He z. The right tofairpay; adequate to com- also, more recently, recommended a "cool- 194~1 POSTWAR PLANNING z57 ing off" period after the war before nations problems. In the government, Donald meet on the terms of the peace. Nelson of the War Production Board, Milo THECOMING ERA Perkins of the Board of Economic War- fare, Adolf Berle of the State Department, Vice President Wallace labeled the com- Thurman Arnold of the Department of ing era as "the century of the common Justice, have all made significant contribu- man" and voiced in a manner he termed tions to the discussion; so have Dr. Charles "half serious and half joking" a war aim E. Merriam, Vice Chairman of the Na- that caught the attention of the American tional Resources Planning Board, in a press. He said: "The object of this war is recent address to the National Planning to make sure that everybody in the world Association,'and Charles W. Eliot, Director has the privilege of drinking a quart of of the Board, in his John H. Finley Me- milk a day". morial Lecture at the College of the City There is, of course, just as much speak- of New York earlier this year. Outside ing and writing on the subject of postwar Washington, these men, of course, have planning outside the government as there their counterparts in the many industrial, is inside it. Charles E. Wilson and David trade and civic groups and in state and local C. Prince of the General Electric Company governments. Governor Saltonstall of nearly a year ago were among leaders who Massachusetts and, more recently, Gov- began directing the attention of the busi- ernor Stassen of Minnesota have made ar- ness world to the importance of a fore- resting statements about planning for the thoughtful attitude on the problems that postwar period. The Twentieth Century will arrive with cessation of hostilities. Fund is currently issuing a series of pamph- Business and trade associations, technical lets prepared by Stuart Chase, the first of and professional societies, civic groups, which was The Road We Are Traveling. citizens forums, adult education classes The Fund has also issued a very useful have all been discussing and publishing a guide to organizations and activities con- great deal in the field. The National Re- cerned with this whole subject, under the sources Planning Board early in 1941 found title Postwar Planning in the United States. it necessary to compile a bibliography for its workers in the field of postwar plan- ning. Our small supply of this document So much for the general picture of the was quickly exhausted, and the demands more significant expressions in the field. attending the keeping of such a biblio- Let us now try to follow some of the direc- graphy current soon proved too large for tions postwar planning thought has been the Board's small library staff, so that the taking and to cover the background of project was taken over and is now oper- some of its development. ated by the Library of Congress, Legis- From the earliest days of the national lative Reference, War Services Section. defense program, there was wide-spread So far, I have mentioned merely some of interest in the future effects on this coun- the high points in the rapid development try, and the world as a whole, of develop- of the literature of postwar planning, re- ing a tremendous productive capacity for ferring to them in a way that will let the war goods. It was the natural hope that mentioned sources stand as guideposts to this might be turned to producing for a anyone trying to determine what are the higher standard of peacetime living for main currents of thought about the post- everybody. In Washington postwar plan- war world. There are many other im- ning discussion and activity grew up on portant statements of objectives and every hand. It was not long before it 258 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [Scptcrnbcr became clear that some coordination of three principal targets: Full Employment; activities was necessary. As a result, Security; Building America. Discussing today there are generally three agencies these goals, it said: responsible for different phases of postwar "Full Employment.-We shall soon have plans. The Board of Economic Warfare full use of our resources, material and and the Department of State are responsible human, to win the war. We will need full for plans in the international scene. The use to win the peace. Our people do not National Resources Planning Board is intend to let an economic depression, un- responsible for the study of postwar prob- employment and 'scarcity in the midst of lems and the coordination of plans in the plenty' ever again threaten our growing domestic scene. standard of living or our economic se- In November 1940, the President re- curity. If the victorious democracies mud- quested the National Resources Planning dle through another decade of economic Board to undertake a study of what was frustration and mass unemployment, we then called post-defense planning. Later may expect social disintegration, and (January 4, 1941) the President wrote "I sooner or later, another international am glad to know that the Board is pro- conflagration. A positive program of ceeding with the development of plans and postwar economic expansion and full proposals for the post-defense period. employment, boldly conceived and vigor- These plans will, of course, involve many ously pursued, is imperative. Democracies, Federal agencies and cooperation with if they are going to lead the world out of State and local governments and private chaos and insecurity, must first and fore- citizens, and I hope all executive agencies most offer their people opportunity, em- of the Government will assist you in corre- ployment and a rising standard of living. lating proposals for my consideration". "Security.-Besides the opportunity to In its work in this field the Board recog- work and to have a just share in the pro- nizes the principle stated by Governor ducts of our labors, we Americans want Leverett Saltonstall of Massachusetts, and expect as one of the Four Freedoms- who, on appointing a Post-Defense Stabi- 'Freedom from Fear'vfear of dependence lization Board for his State, said, "Al- in old age, fear of unemployment, sickness though the most pressing job at present and disability. is speeding up production of defense "Bailding America.-The President says materials and strengthening our armed that, 'We Americans . . . are builders.' We forces, it is imperative to begin planning know we can make our land more efficient, for a tremendous economic and social more livable, more beautiful. We propose readjustment which must be made after to do so." the war. Knowledge that careful plans In accordance with the needs and the are being laid for the future will have an decisions the American people have al- important bearing on defense work itself ready made concerning the maintenance because there is nothing like confidence and extension of personal freedom, security of security for strengthening morale, and and opportunity, the central objectives of thus giving renewed energy to war-time the Board's postwar planning may be sum- production." marized as follows : The Board itself stated in its report "One. We must plan for full employ- Natzonal Resolcrces Development, transmitted ment, for maintaining the national income by the President to Congress January 14 of at ~oobillion dollars a year, at least, a this year, that its postwar aims were on point which we shall soon reach, rather 19421 POSTWAR PLANNING 259 than to let it slip back to 80, or 70 or 60 I. Plans for Demobilization: billion dollars again. In other words, we a. For men, jobs, re-training and shall plan to balance our national produc- dismissal wages. tion-consumption budget at a high level b. For machines-retooling and con- with full employment, not at a low level version. with mass unemployment. c. For controls-maintenance as long "Two. We must plan to do this without as needed. requiring work from youth who should 2. Plans with Private Enterprise: be in school, the aged who should be re- a. Encouraging initiative: lieved if they wish it, women who choose (I) Production. to make their contribution in the home, (2) Services. and without asking anyone to work regu- b. Consumer Market analysis. larly in mines, factories, transportation, or c. Industrial Location and Plant offices more than 40 hours a week or go Conversion. weeks a year, or to sacrifice the wage d. Government aids and cooperation. standards which have been set. 3. Plans for Public Activities: "Three. We must plan to decentralize a. Improvements and Facilities. post-emergency activities as far as possible; b. Services. to use to the utmost our system of modified 4. Plans for Security-old age, unem- free enterprise with its voluntary employ- ployment, public assistance, family ment, its special reward for effort, imagi- allowances and special aids. nation and improvement, its elasticity and 5. Plans affecting Labor Force. competition; and to advance cooperatively 6. Plans for Financing and Fiscal Poli- under national and governmental leader- cies. ship. 7. Plans for State, City and Regional "Four. We must plan to enable every Participation. human being within our boundaries to 8. Plans in the International Scene- realize progressively the promise of Ameri- with particular reference to their can life in food, shelter, clothing, medical domestic implications. care, education, work, rest, home life, The Board in further discussion of the opportunity to advance, adventure and subject has said that the great problem we the basic freedoms. face when the war ends is to move over "Five. We must plan to make Building from a system of full employment for war America the keynote of the postwar pro- to a system of full employment for peace, gram, including both development of our without going through a low-employment national resources adding to the National slump. Estate, and service activities, which will "Of course, it will take time to get the increase the vitality, health, skill, produc- new peace-time businesses going, to retool tivity, knowledge and happiness of the the plants, hire and retrain the workers, American people, and thus together end expand the factories and get things mov- unemployment and add to our wealth and ing efficiently along new lines. The time well being." required for the switch-back will not be so From this statement of objectives the long, however, as the time required now lines of action to be explored and de- for the switch-over, if we may judge by veloped as elements of a postwar program world experience after the last war. are clear. They include: (continued on page 2,~) S. L. A. CHAPTER PRESIDENTS GROUP AND STANDING COMMITTEE CHAIRMEN SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES AND EDITORS 1942-1943

CHAPTER PRESIDENTS PITTSBURGH-Mr. Ross C. Cibella, Librarian, Hall ALBANY-Miss Mildred Guffin, Librarian, N. Y. Laboratories, Inc., Post Office Box 1346, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania State Dept. of Social Welfare, IIZ State Street, Al- bany, New York SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION-Miss Dorothy BALTIMORE-Mrs. Ann L. Clark, Cataloger, Andrews, Librarian, Pan American Airways ha- School of Pharmacy Library, University of Mary- sure Island, San Francisco, California land, Lombard and Greene Streets, Baltimore, Maryland SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA-Mrs. Margaret Gled- hill, Librarian, Academy of Motion Picture Arts BOSTON-Miss Ruth G. Hedden, Library Reference and Sciences, 1201 Taft Building, Hollywood Assistant, Massachusetts State Library, State Boulevard at Vine Street, Hollywood, California House, Boston, Massachusetts TORONTO-Miss M. Edna M. Poole, Librarian, CINCINNATI-Miss Nellie Jane Rechenbach, Librar- Academy of Medicine, 13 Queen's Park, Toronto, ian, Municipal Reference Bureau, 244 City Hall, Ont., Canada Cincinnati, Ohio WASHINGTON, D. C.-Mr. Phillips Temple, Lihrar- CLEVELAND-Miss Ella Tallman, In Charge of ian, Riggs Memorial Library, Georgetown Univer- Lantern Slides, Library, Cleveland Museum of Art, sity, Washington, D. C. East Boulevard, Cleveland, Ohio CONNECTICUT-Miss Mary Alice Thoms, Librar- GROUP CHAIRMEN ian, Phoenix Mutual Life Insurance Co., 79 Elm BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES-Miss Marion Kappes, Street, Hartford, Connecticut Librarian, Children's Memorial Hospital, Joseph Brennemann Library, 707 Fullerton Ave., Chicago, GREATER ST. LOUIS-Miss Ida May Hammond, Illinois Research Laboratories Library, Ralston Purina Company, St. Louis, Missouri COMMERCE-To be appointed ILLINOIS-Miss Marion Wells, Librarian, First National Bank of Chicago, 38 South Dearhorn FINANCIAL-Miss Mary P. McLean, Librarian, American Bankers Association, rr E. 40th St., New Street, Chicago, Illinois York, New York INDIANA-Miss Ethel Cleland, Librarian, Business Branch, Indianapolis Public Library, 150 North INSURANCE-Miss Mariana Thurber, Librarian, Meridian Street, Indianapolis, Indiana Employers Mutual Liability InsuranceCo., Wausau, Wisconsin MICHIGAN-Mr. George A. R. Gilfillan, Assistant Librarian, Reference Department, The Detroit MUSEUM-Miss Ella Tallman, In Charge of Lantern News, Detroit, Michigan Slides, Cleveland Museum of Art Library, East Boulevard, Cleveland, Ohio MILWAUKEE-Miss Frances Beckwith, Librarian, Forest Service, U. S. Dept. of Agriculture, Plankin- NEWSPAPER-Mr. Albert A. Mason, Librarian, ton Building, Room 7054, Milwaukee, Wisconsin Worcester Telegram Publishing Co., 22 Franklin St., Worcester, Massachusetts MONTREAL-Miss Catherine Pearce, Librarian, Canadian Car & Foundry, Ltd., 621 Craig Street, PUBLIC BUSINESS LIBRARIANS-To be appointed West, Montreal, Que., Canada SCIENCE-TECHNOLOGY-Miss Elsie Garvin, Li- NEW JERSEY-Miss Marguerite Rummell, Bond brarian, Eastman Kodak Co., Kodak Park Works, Department, The Prudential Insurance Company of Rochester, New York America, Newark, New Jersey SOCIAL SCIENCE-Miss Helen Rogers, Librarian, NEW YORK-Mr. William C. Dalgoutte, Asst. to Dept. of Public Welfare, 141 S. Meridian St., Indi- the Director, The British Library of Information, anapolis, Indiana 30 Rockefeller Plaza, New York, New York PHILADELPHIA-Mr. Paul Gay, Cataloger, Li- STANDING COMMITTEE CHAIRMAN brary Co. of Philadelphia, Broad and Christian Sts., ARCHIVES-Mr. George E. Pettengill, Reading Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Public Library, Reading, Pennsylvania 19421 SPECIAL LIBRARIES 7-61

CHAPTER EXTENSION-Miss Josephine B. Hol- STUDENT LOAN FUND-Miss Emma M. Boyer, lingsworth, Librarian, Los Angeles Municipal Librarian, Investment Analysis Department, The Reference Library, joo City Hall, Los Angeles, National City Bank of Cleveland, Euclid Avcnue California and East 6th St., Cleveland, Ohio TRAINING AND PROFESSIONAL ACTIVITIES- CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWSMiss Ruth Miss Linda Morley, School of Librnry Science, Savord, Librarian, Council on Foreign Relations, Columbia University, New York, New York Inc., 45 East 65th Street, New York, New York

COMMITTEE ON COOPERATION WITH SPECIAL SPECIAL REPRESENTATIVES LIBRARIES IN LATIN AMERICA-Miss Ruth AMERICAN DOCUMENTATION INSTITUTE- Savord, Librarian, Council on Foreign Relations, Mr. Louis H. Fox, Director, Newspaper Division, Inc., 45 East 63th Street, New York, New York New York Public Library Annex, 137 West ~5th Street, New York, New York FINANCE-Mr. Walter Hausdorfer, Librarian, AMERICAN LIBRARY ASSOCIATION : Committee School of Business, Columbia University, New on Library Legislation-Miss Alma C. Mitchill, Li- York. New York brarian, Public Service Corporation of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey; Committee on Importations GOVERNMENT SOURCES OF INFORMATION- Miss Lucy 0. Lewton, Librarian, International Miss Adelaide R. Hasse, 806 Islington St., Silver Nickel Co., Inc., 67 Wall Street, New York, New Spring, Maryland York MEMBERSHIP-Miss Rosalind Morrison, Librarian* AMERICAN STANDARDS ASSOCIATION, A.S.A. Lennen and Mitchell, Inc., 17 East 45th Street, COMMITTEE 2-3y-Mrs. Ruth McG. Lane, Vail New York, New York Librarian, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts METHODS-Miss Elma T. Evans, Research Librar- ian, Atlas Powder Company, Wilmington, Delaware NATIONAL COUNCIL OF LIBRARY ASSOCIA- TIONS-Miss Laura A. Woodward, Librarian, Maryland Casualty Company, Baltimore, Maryland MICROFILMING & DOCUMENTATION-Mr. Louis H. Fox, Director, Newspaper Division, New THE H. W. WILSON COMPANY-Miss Margaret York Public Library Annex, 137 West 15th Street, R. Bonnell, Assistant Librarian, Metropolitan Life New York, New York Insurance Company, I Madison Avenue, New York, New York NATIONAL DEFENSE-To be appointed SUB-COMMITTEE ON COOPERATIVE INDUS- EDITORS TRIAL CONSERVATION ABSTRACTS-Miss SPECIAL LIBRARIES-Miss Alma C. Mitchill, Li- Lucy 0. Lewton, Librarian, International Nickel brarian, Public Service Corporation of New Jersey, Co., Inc., 67 Wall Street, New York, New York Newark, New Jersey

NOMINATING-Mr. George A. R. Gilfillan, As- CHAPTER TOWN CRIER-Miss Madge J. Collar, Librarian, H. W. Kastor 81 Sons Advertising Com- sistant Librarian, Reference Department, The Detroit News, Detroit, Michigan pany, 360 North Michigan Avenue, Chicago, Illinois PUBLIC RELATIONS-Miss Marian C. Manley, TECHNICAL BOOK REVIEW INDEX-Editorial Branch Librarian, Business Branch, Newark Public Committee: Dr. Jolan M. Fertig, Librarian, Re- Library, 34 Commerce Street, Newark, New Jersey search Laboratories, Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company, East Pittsburgh, Penn- PUBLICITY-Miss Alma C. Jacobus, Librarian, Time, sylvania (Chairman); Miss Edith Portman, Mellon Inc., Time and Life Building, Rockefeller Center, Institute of Industrial Research, 4400 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, Mr. E. H. McClelland, Technology Librarian, Carnegie Library of Pitts- RESOLUTIONS--Miss Olga Anderson, Time, Inc., burgh, 4400 Forbes Street, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Time and Life Building, Rockefeller Center, New York, New York WILSON BULLETIN, SPECIAL LIBRARIAN PAGE -Miss Margaret R. Bonnell, Assistant Librarian, RESTORATION OF OVERSEAS LIBRARIES-To Metropolitan Life Insurance Co., I Madison Ave- be appointed nue, New York, New York EVENTS and PUBLICATIONS1

M. MARGARETKEHL, Department Editor

In time of war education can no more proceed "as The Public Affairs Committee has issued three new usual" than any other social enterprise. Teachers, pamphlets. Number 68, written by Maxwell S. schools and colleges are eager to make all essential Stewart, is entitled the COMINGCRISIS IN MANPOWER adjustments and to play their part in the common and places first among the issues which the War Man- sacrifice. In order to provide guidance for them in power Commission must face, the basic problem of this task, the Commission on Teacher Education re- balancing our military and naval needs against our quested its chairman, E. S. Evenden of Teachers Col- industrial requirements in the light of our lend-lease lege, Columbia University, to assemble in compact commitments. VITAMINSFOR HEALTHis the title of form the main lessons of the past bearing on the Pamphlet Number 69 and it is written by Henry subject and to prepare a brief outline of fundamental Borsook and William Huse. It discusses three possible educational principles. Mr. Evenden's report has now methods of vitamin intake; carefully planned diets, been issued by the American Council on Education scientifically fortified foods and the prescription of under the title, TEACI-IEREDUCATION IN A DEMOCRACYsynthetics and concentrates. Robert E. Cushman is the AT WAR(Washington, D. C.: 744 Jackson Place. N. author of Number 70. In WHAT'SHAPPENING TO OUR W., 1942. 118p., ~aperbound,75 cents). CONSTITUTION?Professor Cushman reviews in detail how states' rights gave way to a strong central government, how the federal power over interstate The Public Library of Washington, D. C. states commerce has been extended to include practically all that Miss Jennie D. Parrott of 1825 New Hampshire of the nation's business, and how there has been a Avenue, Washington, D. C. offers copies of MY growth of federal power to protect the nation's social INVESTMENTSIN THE F. H. SMITHCOMPANY free to welfare. (New York, N.Y.: 30 Rockefeller Plaza, libraries. Please send a 3 cent stamp to the author to 1942. 10 cents each.) cover postage. *** The eighth biennial volume of the STATELAW Here is a book which will be welcome to archi- INDEXhas been released for sale by the Superintendent tects, interior decorators, industrial designers, in fact of Documents (Washington, D. C., $1.50). It provides to everyone interested in the subject of interior decora- a key to 12,608 general and permanent laws enacted tion. DESIGNOF MODERNINTERIORS, by James and during 1939 and 1940 by the forty-eight states, Alaska, Katherine Morrow Ford, is the first comprehensive ~awaiiand Puerto Rico, and to the temporary laws survey of recent American interior design. It analyzes enacted by them in their efforts to solve the problems the latest advances in modern custom design and of the "depression." shows how such advances can be immediately ap- plied to defense housing. There is also an invaluable discussion of the best placement of furniture, provision Since technological improvrrnrnt has been a major for circulation, privacy, comfort, safety, storage and factor in increasing industrial productivity and in general convenience. (New York, N.Y. : Architectural evaluating standards of living, the public interest Book Publishing Co., Inc., Irz West 46th St., 1g4r requires that it should continue without undue re- 132p., 324 illus., $5.00.) striction. Yet many employees have reasons to fear it and some actually oppose it. This situation con- * * * stitutes an important challenge, particularly ro A truly delightful book is Francis Meehan's industrial managers. Can they obtain employee ap- LIVINGUPSTAIRS, READING FOR PROPITAND PLEASURE. proval of technological change, or, at the least, "Every man and woman has deep desires for experi- employee toleration of it? This question gave rise to ence of life's riches and feels the need for a satisfying the study on MANAGEMENT,LABOR AND TECHNOLOGI- philosophy of living. Here is a book that provides a CAL CHANGE,by J. W. Riegel (Ann Arbor, Michigan: key to the rich satisfaction and varied experience that University of Michigan Press, 1942. 187p., $z.>o). we all look for in life. In this book about books Francis Meehan opens a door to the marvels of human 1 AJ Miss Kehl was away on her vacation during rhc experience and pleasure and understanding which are month of Augsst, the items in this Department were found in the world's literature." (New York, N.Y.: compiled in the office of the Editor. E. P. Dutton, 194r 256p., $2.50.) 19421 EVENTS AND PUBLICATIONS 263

With more than one quarter of this country's For those who are interested in pattern designing, workers covered by collective bargaining contracts and trade union membership now at an all-time high THE CREATIONOF PATTERNSAS A MEANSOP DESIGNING of around 11 mlllion, recent developments show a SMARTWEARING APP'AREL, by Harriet Pepin, Director, tendency toward regional and national coverage in Pepin Academy of Fashion, should be most welcome. collective bargaining contracrs, greater organization This book teaches the professional secrets of cutting of employers, and ultimate evolution of industry-wide smart, shapely wearing apparel as employed by our collective bargaining. These are central findings of a nation's leading designers. (New York, N.Y.: Funk survey, How COLLECTIVEBARGAINING WORKS (New si Wagnalls Co., 1942. 353p., $5.00.) York, N.Y.: Twentieth Century Fund, 1942. 986p., $4.00), which describes collective bargaining methods Particularly apropos at this time is a DICTIONARY in sixteen major American industries, ranging from OF MILITARYTERMS: ENGLISH-JAPANESE; JAPANESE- long-unionized industries, such as railroads, through ENGLISH,by Major H. T. Creswell, Major J. Hiraoka more turbulent, newly-organized ones, such as auto- and Major R. Namba. (Chicago, Ill.; University of mobiles, rubber and steel. Chicago Press, 1941. 1226p., $7.00.) * * *

The fourth edition of the HANDBOOKOF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICALSOCIETIES AND INSTITUTIONSOF THE The cataloguers of British documents will find in a UNITED STATESAND CANADA(Washington, D.C.: LIST OF AUTHORHEADINGS FOR BRITISHGOVERNMENT National Research Council, 1942. 389p., $4.00) con- DEPARTMENTS,by Dorothea D. Tod, a particularly tains data for 1,269 organizations for the United States useful tool. The list does not pretend to be complete, and its dependencies and 143 organizations for Canada. but it is selective and is based on a collection of docn- The handbook includes the history, object, member- ments which, in addition to modern items, includes ship, meetings and publications of the organizations the publications of the Record Commission, the listed. Public Record Office and the Historical Manuscripts *** Commission. An effort has been made to cover the more important departments of government, including The adoption of the Federal Works Agency pam- many which are now obsolete. (Toronto, Canada: phlets on AIR RAIDDEFENSE TRAINING FOR FEDERAL University of Toronto Press, 1942. 37p. 50 cents.) EMPLOYEESas the basis for air raid protection training by many institutions and municipalities has almost depleted the present supply and additional funds for A condensed classified summary of the usable in- reprinting and continued distribution are not avail- formation on mathematics, physics, chemistry, me- able. Therefore, the Agency regrets that it can no chanics and engineering will be found in TECHNIDATA, longer comply with requests from libraries through- by Edward Lupton Page (New York, N.Y.: Norman out the country for its A.R.P. Bulletins Numbers 1-4. W. Henley Publishing Co., 1942. 64p.. $1.50).

b * * A very comprehensive and descriptive pamphlet Although the idea of the union catalog can be has recently been issued on the Library of the Bureau traced back to the fifteenth century it is only recently of Railway Economics. It is entitled the RAILROADS' that its establishment has become a definite factor in LIBRARY.(Washington, D.C.: Association of Ameri- library administration. UNION CATALOGSIN THE can Railroads, 1942. 23p., gratis.) UNITEDSTATES, edited by Robert B. Downs, Director *** of Libraries, New York University, and sponsored by the American Library Association is a valuable con- PROCEEDINGSOF THE FIRSTSOUTHERN CALIFORNIA tribution on the subject. It covers the history, current MANAGEMENTCONFERENCE held at California Institute status and future prospects of various types of union of Technology, May 2, 1942, is now available. Such catalogs for American libraries (Chicago, Ill. : A.L.A. subjects as Current production problems, Industrial 409 p., $5.00). relations and the foreman, Inventory control, Methods study for the worker, Co-operative subcontracting, Production control, Retooling for war wook, In- Those who have not as yet found their niche in this dustrial supervisor's responsibility in accident preven- war emergency will find YOURJOB AND AMERICAN tion, Women in war industries, How a foreman can VICTORY,by Theodore Barrett, most helpful. Several meet the challenge of all-out defense production and thousand jobs are listed and hundreds are analyzed. All-out mobilization of man power, were under dis- (New York, N.Y.: George W. Stewart, 1942. 294p., cussion. (Pasadena, Cal.: 194~. 49p.. price?) $2.50.) 264 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

THEORETICALNAVAL ARCFIITECTURE, by E. L. Att- wood and revised by H. S. Pengelly, Professor of SEPTEMBER FORECASTS OF Naval Architecture at the Royal Naval College, Greenwich, England, is a textbook for students and Forthcoming Books for draughtsmen engaged in the ofices of Shipbuilders and Naval Architects. The rules given are illustrated by copious examples and the principles are clearly (Where the publisher has supplied the price and a explained. (New York, N.Y.: Longmans, Green and brief description of the book, these have been co., 1941. 526p., $5.00.) inckded)

AUTONOMICREGULATIONS, by E. Gellhorn. Inter- Illustrated profusely with charts is MEETINGWAR- science Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y. Probable TIME DEMANDSFOR BIRTHCERTIFICATIONS. This report price $6.00. "This book originated from lectures is the result of a study of the problem of issuing birth given in the School of Medicine of the University certifications during wartime. Ways of furnishing ac- of Illinois during the past nine years and of active curate birth certifications in less time and with a research in the field of the physiology of the or- minimum cost are suggested. (St. Paul, Minnesota: ganism. It is stimulating reading and will help to Department of Administrative Management and coordinate experimental facts of far-flung regions Research, 1942. SOP.,price on request.) of physiology and medicine under a unified and intelligent point of view." BEHINDTHE FACEOF JAPAN,by U. Close. Appleton- Hospitals for May, 1942, contains an article by Century Co., New York, N. Y. Price $4.00. "After Marion Kappes, Librarian, Joseph Brennemann Pearl Harbor a great demand sprang up for a new Library, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill., book on Japan by Upton Close. Will Durant says on the "Library on a War Basis." that Mr. Close's book is 'head and shoulders above other books on Japan'." CELLULOSEAND CELLULOSEDERIVATIVES, edited by PHOTOGRAPHICREPRODUCTION FOR LIBRARIES,by E. Ott. Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, H. H. Fussler, is a study of administrative problems N. Y. "The book is the well-designed cooperative for the library administrator seeking practical infor- effort of a number of experts in science and in- mation on the uses, equipment and sources of material dustry, to present an authoritative interpretation of for microfilming, rates and costs of microfilming work. the present status of the scientific picture of the Mr. Fussler, who was in charge of the microphotog- cellulose field." raphy exhibit at the Paris Exposition in 1936 and who CONSTRUCTIVEINCOME TAXATION, by I. Fisher and has been Head of the Department of Photographic H. Fisher. Harper, New York, N. Y. Probably price Reproduction, University of Chicago Libraries since $3.00. "This book offers a fundamental solution to its establishment in 193j, is well qualified to discuss the problem of income taxation. The authors believe this all-important subject. (Chicago, Ill.: University that present income taxes are hurtful to personal of Chicago Press, 194r rrSp., $3.00.) and business savings and therefore to the very exist- ence of the American economic system." DICTIONARYOF THE ARTS, edited by D. D. Runes. Inswance Grozp Bulletin, S.L.A. for July, 1942, Journal of Aesthetics and Art Criticism, New York, contains an instructive article on "War Information N. Y. Price $7.50 "Through definitions and ex- in an Insurance Library," by Pat Kleiman, Librarian, planations, this book gives the reader an under- Cooperative Library, Ohio Farm Bureau, Columbus, standing not only of the terminology but also of the Ohio. basic trends, motives and tendencies in the history of human culture. Essential for the teacher, the librarian, the professional artist, the researcher, the A MANUALON INDUSTRIALHEALTH FOR DEFENSE architect, the writer, the connoisseur." has been prepared by the Massachusetts Committee EDUCATION-BETWEENTWO WORLDS, by A. Meikle- of Public Safety (Boston, Mass., The Division of john. Harper. New York, N. Y. Probable price Health and Social Services, 18 Tremont Street, 1941. $3.00. "A lifelong educator and exciting teacher 7,op.) to assist local Health Committees in organizing here summarizes his views of the influences at work and developing their industrial health programs. to shape and control American education. The Bibliographies are scattered throughout the pam- author contends that the school is really at theheart phlet. of the dilemma confronted by civilization itself." 19421 FORTHCOMING BOOKS

FIRSTAID FOR THE AILING HOUSE,by R. Whitman. 3d ed. McGraw-Hill Book Co., New York, N. Y. Price $2.50. "This valuable book has been the trusted standby of home owners ever since it was Library Paste first ~ublished.The new edition not only provides comprehensive information on available substitute Permanent Clean materials, but also shows how to extend the lifeof Cream the Paste with the parts of houses likely to wear and makes practical brush. Spread thin. Card pockets. book plates. and even suggestions for conserving paints and other finishes, bindings will be inseparably -- No. 533 8 0%. paint brushes, etc." held. No. 534 5 0.. HISTORYOP SOUTHEASTERNIDAHO, by M. Bed. Caxton Printers, Ltd., Caldwell, Idaho. Price $3.00. "The A 9 oz. sample sent on reguest of any librarian resources of this region are many; lumber, mineral SANFORD INK CO. and nonmineral deposits, water power, rich soil-all New York all are contributing to the development of a country which today boasts of fine roads, cities, educational I institutions and a high level of prosperity." Expert Service on Magazine KALTEN~ORNEDITS THE WARNEWS, by H. Kaltenborn. Subscriptions for Special Libraries E. P. Dutton & Co., Inc., New York, N. Y.Price $1.00. "For the past eight months, H. V. Kalten- Write for a free copy of Faxon's born, recognized around the world as one of Librarians' Guide. America's ablest commentators, has been answering Also odd numbers of magazines, questions from the newsreel audience. The questions volumes, or complete sets. have come from every section of the country-North, South, East and West-from men and women in F. W. PAXQN COMjtdBNY every walk of life, and representing every shade of 83-91 Francis Street opinion. The editor's selection gives us an excellent Back Bay,Boston, Massachusetts idea of what the average American wants to know today-what his interests are in this war-what questions are on the end of his tongue-what he thinks and says." POSITIONS LIBRARIANS MEDICALASPECTS OF BONEDISEASES, by I. Snapper. WANTED SUPPLIED Interscience Publishers, Inc., New York, N. Y. Price $8.50 "The first exhaustive treatment in the For Librarians well For positions of English language of an important, but almost com- qualified for all any type in any pletely neglected field of medicine. This approach is branches of library part of the country. not that of the surgeon, but that of the internist. work. This service is free. Diagnosis, Biochemistry, Histology, Clinics and Write immedktely b Dept. C Therapy are dealt with in a well-balanced manner. I Main emphasis has been placed upon the illustra- The American Librarians' Agency tions which make the book almost an atlas of WINDSOR. CONNECTICUT the field." MITCHELL:PROPHET OF AIR POWER, by I. Levine. Duell, Sloan & Pearce, Inc., New York, N.Y. Price $3.00. "The story of the development of air power is epitomized in the story of "Billy" Mit- chell, perhaps America's greatest and most signi- ficant contemporary saga. The author, one of the foremost journalists of our day, unfolds it against the canvas of an entire epoch, revolutionized by the rise of air power, as seen through the eyes of General William L. Mitchell, prophet of air power." PLANETS,STARS, AND ATOMS,by G. Frost. Caxton Printers, Ltd., Caldwell, Idaho. Price $3.00. "Many pertinent questions regarding the universe are an- swered in terse and understandable language in this 266 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

popular study of the planetary systems and the composition and properties of matter." PRINCIPLESOF AERONAUTICALRADIO ENGINEERING, by BINDING P. Sandretto. McGraw-Hill Book Co., Inc., New York, N. Y. "Provides the student of aeronautical SPECIALISTS ! systems and apparatus with information that will serve as a guide for the design of equipment, as well For over forty years we have as to aid the communications engineer in the solu- used an effective prescription to tion of the various problems encountered in dealing with aeronautical radio." rebuild old, worn books into (THE) SMALLCOMMUNITY, by A. Morgan. Harper. strong, beautiful volumes. New York, N. Y. Probable price $2.50. "The author We have no mysterious for- writes as a firm believer in the importance of the mula, simply an efficient staff small community in the total structure of American of skilled craftsmen, latest equip- life. Here is at once a guide to the study of the small community by its own members and a constructive ment, finest materials and prac- proposal regarding the recovery of vitality and tical experience. democratic contribution of the local community's We have convinced a dis- life." criminating clientele . . . let us SUPER-ELECTRICITY,by R. Yates. Appleton-Century convince you ! Co., New York, N. Y. Price $Z.LW. "Above every- thing else this book is practical. It not only explains the science of electronics but shows how you can DESS & TALAN CO.,Inc. turn your knowledge to practical purposes." TECHNIQUESOF DEMOCRACY,by A. Bingham. Dud, Library Binders Sloan & Pearce, Inc., New York, N. Y. Price $3.00. 217 E. 144th St. New York, N.Y. "If democracy is to win the final victory it must learn new techniques for making freedom efficient." VISIBILITYUNLIMITED, by E. Vetter. William Morrow & Co., New York, N. Y. Price $3.50. "An introduc- tion to the science of weather and the art of prac- OUT-OF-PRINT BOOKS tical flying." Following Price Lisfs sent on request- P-MEDICAL,CHEMICAL, SCIENTIFIC, IKDUSTRIAL& LEGAL PERIODICALS Announcements h REPORTS.T-AMERICANA. Appointed to A.L.A. Executive Board U-CANADIANA. Ruth Savord, Librarian of the Council on Foreign Please send Want List Relations, Inc., New York, N. Y., was appointed by SPECIALTY BOOK CONCERN the A.L.A. Executive Board to fill the unexpired term 25 Grenville St. Toronto, Canada of Althea H. Warren, who is also a member of the board as First Vice-president and President-Elect. Reports to WAAC SPEECHES THAT ARE Pauline McNally, formerly Head of the Station De- SHAPING HISTORY partment, Waterloo Public Library, Waterloo, Iowa, and an S.L.A. Active member, reports on September The "best thought of the best minds7' 14th to DesMoines, Iowa, to attend WAAC Officer as expressed in the complete and un- Candidate School. edited speeches of thc leading moulders Indiana University, Extension Service of PUBLIC OPINION. Pu bIications Indiana University Library will no longer distri- bute publications of the Extension Division of In- OF THE DAY = diana University. If you desire to have your name 33 West 42nd St., New York placed on the mailing list of the Extension Division Issued semi-monthly, $3.00 a year, $5.00 two years for their publications, will you please write a letter of 19421 ANNOUNCEMENTS application to Mr. R. E. Cavanaugh, Director, In- diana University Extension Division, IZZ East Michi- gan Street, Indianapolis, Indiana. U. S. GOVERNMENT The International Association of Convention PERIODIC Bureaus Advocate Trade Sessions As An Aid to the War Effort PUBLICATIONS The following excerpt taken from Thc New York A DESCRIPTIVE LIST Times for August zo, 1942, will help us in our thinking when we consider eliminating the S.L.A. Convention in 1943. Current publications and releases of "During the war emergency conventions of the important government bureaus trade and professional groups have assumed a and agencies. Gives title, frequency position of increased importance as a medium by of publication and form. Tells what which government officials may come in direct publications to keep and what to contact with large numbers of persons in discard. Invaluable in keeping up specialized fields, it was asserted yesterday by to date on government releases, so speakers at the twenty-ninth annual meeting of important in the war effort. the International Association of Convention PRICE: $2.00 Bureaus at the Hotel Waldorf-Astoria. Plus 106 postage and handling. "Presenting the results of a 'sample survey' of App. 100 pages. Planographed. approximately 400 national, State and regional June 1942. conventions held in the United States and Canada since the first of the year, Alvin J. Monroe, manager of the Milwaukee Convention Bureau, SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION said that about 1,000 government officials had been listed as speakers at the meetings. Evidence 31 East Tenth Street, New York that the government agencies consider the gather- ings the 'most economical contact points for getting across essential war information' may be found in the fact that the association is now being solicited by officials seeking to address the con- ventions', he said. "The effect of 'convention travel' on the na- tion's transportation facilities is small and has never constituted more than 3 per cent of the total travel demand, it was asserted." Magazines to England In April of this year, Mrs. Kathleen Stebbins, S.L.A. Secretary, received a request from England for certain magazines for boys in an R.A.F. Station and an Australian Forces Club. The request was turned over TELEPHONE to Miss Laura A. Woodward, who asked Miss Del- RECTOR 2-3447 phine Humphrey, Librarian, McCann-Erickson, Inc., New York, N. Y., to present it at one of the General - Sessions of the S.L.A. Convention in Detroit. The A. C. PANDICK, MANAGER members attending this meeting were so eager to help in such a worthy cause that voluntary contributions LAW AND COMMERCIAL totalling $56.35 were collected for the purchase of sub- scriptions to Life, Time, CoZZier's, Look, Saturday Evening Post, Aeronautical Engineering Review and Reader's PRINTING Dige~t. On July 10, 1942, in reply to a letter from Miss CORPORATION - FINANCIAL Humphrey, Mr. A. C. Mann, Librarian, Research De- partment, Callender's Cable &Construction Company, 22 THAMES STREET Ltd., London, England, wrote as follows: NEW YORK, N. Y. 268 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [Scptembsr

Dear Miss Humphrey, BOOKS FOR TRAINING Many thanks for your long letter and for the very generous offer it contained to supply the magazines to in National Defense each camp. It was exceedingly good of you and Miss War Production Laura Woodward and Mrs. Stebbins to go to so much The following books have been listed in The Booklist trouble and gain such a grand response. I cannot tell suggest you order now. you how much it will be appreciated by the two sec- h~~~~--AviationEngines: Kuns...... tions of the forces. hIG~'r-~irstPrinciples: Martin-Smiley, Jr.. ... F~~cH~--Constructionand Maintenance: Wright- The official addresses are: Dyer-Martin...... h~ca'r-Netenrology and Aircraft Instruments: The Boomerang Club, Wright-Martin-Dyer...... Australia House, BUILDINGINSUL.~TION: Close ...... INTERIORELECTRIC WIRING AND ESTIMATING: London, W.C.2. Uhl-Nelson-Dunlap...... How TO DESIGN AND INSTALLPLUMBING: and Bfatthias Jr...... Rev. Frank L. Mann, How TO ~EADELECTRICAL BLUEPRINTS: Heine- Dunlap ...... Chaplain, R.A.F. & A.T.C. METALLURGY:Johnson...... -.-- ...... How .TO TRAINSHOP WORKERS: Prosser-Van Blyth, wycli...... Northumberland. A GOODMECHANIC SELDOX GETS HURT...... MACHINESHOP OPERATIONG: Barritt...... For reasons which will be obvious to you I cannot MECHANISM:Winston ...... TOOLDESIGN: Cole ...... give the actual addresses of the R.A.F. units. As a PLANETRIGONOJIETRY MADE PLAIN:Carson.. .. matter of fact it is made up of some 9 or ro units PRACTICALMATHEMATICS: Hobbs-Dak.ell-bfc- Kinney ...... scattered about in isolated places which are rather Other NEW books in September. dificult to reach under present conditions and con- Still others in October sequently the boys are very much out of touch with the rest of humanity. To give you some idea: some of INDUSTRIAL DIVISION the units are situated on strips of land on the coast, American Technical Society and are joined to the mainland by a very narrow neck Drexel Ave. at 58th St. Chicago, Ill. or in some cases not at all at high tides. They are there- fore dependent on good weather for a small boat to reach them. Alternatively ic might mean a very long roundabout walk to the nearest town, and !as their Inter-America Edition of time off duty is usually short, visits to town are not Periodicals Directory frequent, and the fellows just "stay put." I have chatted with some of them and can assure By CAROLYN F. ULRICH you the magazines will be valued very highly. I Ready Fall 1942 would like to tell you more about them, but I am afraid the censor would naturally object, but I hope I This fourth edition of "Ulrich" will in- clude a timely list of periodicals from have been able to give you a rough idea. Latin-America with full descriptions and The Boomerang Club caters for all Australian on the basis of selected evaluation which Services in England and is a central meeting place for has made the PERIODICALS DIREC- Air Force, Sailors and Army. The Clubroom provides TORY the accepted tool and buying guide for American libraries and refer- Australian newspapers and magazines, but as you can ence shelves. 6000 periodicals will be well imagine they are very much out of date by the listed from Canada, the United States time they reach here. Now that the "Diggers" and and South America. The data on Euro- "Doughboys" are getting to know each other better pean periodicals cannot be usefully revised at this time. Data on American down in Australia the Club will make good use of the periodicals will be completely revised, as journals from the States as they contain quite a lot of to addresses, prices, size, illustrations, news to interest them. departments, etc. The periodical bud- It was very interesting to know that you have been get,~of public, university and business libraries can best be allotted and new in England. Were you over here very long? Perhaps fields covered with the guidance of this you have even been to Northumberland, famous for its authoritative volume. Two-language Border memories of wars between the English and the section headings, indexes and preface Scots. I hope you will be able to make a second visit will make the Directory useful in Latin- American libraries...... Probably $9.00 after all this upheaval is over. Will you please pass on my sincere thanks on behalf R. R. BOWKER CO. of the R.A.F. and the Aussies to Miss Woodward and 62 W. 45th St., New York, N. Y. Mrs. Stebbins and of course yourself, for the instan- taneous efforts to provide the magazines. 19421 ANNOUNCEMENTS

After the generous help of S.L.A. I find it difficult to make any adequate return, but I do hope you will let me know of anything that I can do for you over DIRECTORY this side. If I can assist any of your fellows over here OF I shall be really glad to do so and if a tour of the town MICROFILM SOURCES is wanted and I am not available I will try to arrange for someone to do the job and take them around. Including photostat service Please do not hesitate to let them have my address. With many thanks, compiled by Yours sincerely, ROSS C. CIBELLA (signed) A. C. MANN Technical Librarian Librarian, Research Dept. Hall Laboratories, Inc. Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania An Appeal from the Office of Civilian Defense, Washington, D. C. The first printing of this directory containing 215 listings plus data July 10, 1942 Miss Laura Woodward, about ordering Microfilms and their Special Libraries Association, cost was completely exhausted some Maryland Casualty Company, time ago. Exactly 50 additional Baltimore, Maryland. copies have been obtained-no more when these are gone! Order yours Dear Miss Woodward: today. Nothing in the war effort is more important than Price: 756 plus postage the elimination of duplication, neglect, and confusion 64 Pages, 1941 in the many essential jobs on the home front. The war SPECIAL LIBRARIES ASSOCIATION job is too big for any one agency, however eager, and 31 East Tenth Street, NewYork, N. Y. too exacting for any single group, however compe- tent. It is a job for all and it will take vigorous team- work on the part of all. - -- -- The official machinery- machinery set up by law and executive order-for teamwork on the community front is the defense council. The efficiency of defense War Subject Headings councils varies widely; but poor, good, or superior, For they could all be better. The nation needs your co- operation in a continuing effort to make defense coun- Information Files cils better. It needs your help in developing the great- est demonstration of community teamwork that America has ever known. May I ask that you urge your members to volunteer SUBJECTHEADINGS for World War I1 their services to defense councils wherever they live? as compiled for use by four out- If your organization has local chapters, urge them to standing special libraries : Cleveland cooperate with defense councils in strengthening their War Information Center, Council on communities. You can contribute the influence of your Foreign Relations, Time, and Twen- organization to up-building the American community tieth Century-Fox. These are head- for complete mobilization during the war and for the ings you need now-order your copy peace that will follow the war. today! So far as the communities in which your members May, 1942. Planographed. live are concerned, probably no appeal has or will come to you that can match the significance of this appeal. The character of defense councils is the best Plus lop! postage and handling. measure not only of the security of people in their homes, but also is a measure of the strength which all American towns can add together to the national war effort. Defense councils harboring improper politics, Special Libraries Association limited participation, and the domination of one class 31 East Tenth Street, New York or group may hinder the successful prosecution of the war. SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

On the other hand, if defense councils are effective, more material will be salvaged. If defense councils are vigorous, volunteer services will be equal to the in- IOWA creasing number of jobs which must be done. If de- fense councils are strong, the men in the armed forces will be more solidly linked to the home front. In a IS DIFFERENT word, if defense councils are the instruments they were designed to be and can be, communities everywhere BUT so is Alabama, Ari- will meet the demands of the emergency and release productive power with cumulative and overwhelming zona, Arkansas and Your results. Own State. Every civilian must recognize that his first duty as There is no uniformity a citizen is to make his democracy work in a war for among the 48 states as to democracy. Every national organization can take its greatest pride today in terms of the participation of its the procedure necessary to members in the war effort. I am sure we can count on obtain a Birth Certificate. the members of your organization to cooperate in Yet literally hundreds of meeting the needs of American communities in these thousands today are finding critical days, and I am also sure that your organiza- these Certificates essential tion can assist its members and their country by urging all members to insist on good defense organization in for admission into their communities and to participate fully in that DEFENSE TRAINING organization for war. DEFENSE INDUSTRIES As a first step which would, I think, be valuable to ClVl L SERVICE both your organization and the Office of Civilian Defense, could you secure reports of the activities MANY PRIVATE which your local chapters are now carrying on in INDUSTRIES cooperation with their defense councils in the com- There is only one source munities where they are located? Your assistance in this matter will be recognized by that contains the different us as the type of national organization leadership upon procedures that must be which much of the success in the civilian war effort followed in applying for depends. a Birth Certificate in all Sincerely yours, (signed) JONATII.~N DANIELS states. Published in June of this Assistant Direcror year it is In Charge of Civilian Mobilization Birth Supplement to the Handbook of Commercial Certificates and Financial Services A Supplement to the Handbook of Commercial and A Digest of the Laws and Regula- tions of the Various States. 136p. Financial Services is one of the projects planned for this year by the S.L.A. Financial Group. Mr. Wal- $1.50 ter Hausdorfer, Librarian, School of Business Library, A PUBLIC SERVICE Columbia University, New York, New York, who has been appointed Chairman of the committee to Authoritative Complete 0 undertake this compilation, wishes to have sent him Concise the names of any additional services, as well as additional information on, or corrections to, services now listed in the Handbook. Mr. Hausdorfer and THE W. W. WILSON COMPANY his Committee will appreciate whatever assistance 950 University Avenue, New York City S.L.A. members can give them in making this Sup- plement as complete as possible. POSTWAR PLANNING 27 I

Postwar Planning (continacd from page 219) "In the meantime, if things are left to work themselves out, what happens to Photographic the demobilized workers and verterans and their families? Will they be without work? Reproduction Will they stop producing? Will the na- tional income drop 15 billion dollars or so as soon as pent-up demands are met? Will for Libraries the succeeding drop in consumption throw others out of work, and reduce national A Study of production and income another 10 to zo Administrative Problems billion dollars? If so, we shall be back again in the valley of the depression, and BY HERMAN H. FUSSLER a terrific new strain will be thrown on our whole system of political, social and economic life. A practical and authoritative "The American people will never stand discussion of the purpose and possible types of photographic for this. Sooner or later they will step in reproduction, the place of and refuse to let matters 'work themselves microfilming in library work, out. the relation of photographic "The workers and farmers of America, reproduction to resources for the business leaders of America, the public research, equipment needed for the laboratory, personnel, officials of America know that the problem rates, cost, the care and ad- we face when the war ends is too big and ministration of microfilm complicated to be solved by the workers, collections. the farmers, businessmen or the Govern- The book is well illustrated ment working alone or independently. Noth- with types of apparatus em- ing less than energetic and intelligent ployed in laboratories. It is teamwork will make it possible for us to written for the library ad- ministrator, not the photo- move over from war to peace while main- graphic technician, by one of taining full employment. the leaders in the development "In this program Government must in this modern field. Mr. take a leading part because it is the only Fussler has been head of the Department of Photographic representative of us all, the common Reproduction, University of meeting ground of all interests, and the Chicago Libraries, since its one center of responsible coordinating establishment in 1936. power through which we can all act In the University of Chicago together. Studies in Library Science "We do not want the Government to run the whole show. We do not want a 24 ILLUSTRATIONS $300 totalitarian state. We want freedom of enterprise. U7e want freedom for collective THE UNIVERSITY OF bargaining between employers and em- ployees. We want freedom for cooperative CHICAGO PRESS action. We want freedom of choice of oc- cupation. 272 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [September

4 ' If purchasing power is maintained at a high level, we need have no fears that SPECIAL private manufacturers, retailers, whole- salers and farmers will not come forward and supply the market with the goods at LIBRARY reasonable prices. Private business can and will do the job of production, but it is the RESOURCES responsibility of Government to insure a sustained demand. The ever-increasing I VOLUME gigantic powers of production of the mod- Edited by ern industrial system, far exceeding that of Ross L. VORRIELKER any earlier experience in history, mean Cleveland Public Library that an enormous output has to be reached before full employment is approached. A comprehensivr survey of spe- Private industry and Government together cial collections and rcsourccs of must act to maintain and increase output 765 libraries in 35 states and thc and income suficiently to provide reason- ably full employment." larger cities of C'anada, putting at your disposal 57,246,066 l-moks, 13,895,160 pamphlets, 320,320 mag- azines, 5718 newspaper filcs and With these aims in mind, it is natural 44,140 drawers of vertical file for anyone trying to keep abreast of de- velopments in the realm of postwar plan- material. ning to raise the question of how much Locates for you 2,922,357 maps progress is being made-of whether or not and charts, 7,965,290 photogr:tphs work has advanced to the point where and picture collertions, 1,104,717 responsible agencies in Washington and elsewhere are beginning to do specific music collection items and 770,- things. The answer is that they are. Here 787 patents. is what some of the various Federal agen- Geographical arrangement with cies are doing in cooperation with the organization, personnel, subject National Resources Planning Board. In the field of demobilization problems, the and special collection indexes. Bureau of Labor Statistics is makiq stud- Edition limited, fcw copies lcft. ies of experience following the armistice in 1918, of trends of productivity per inail- hour and of size, age and composition of the labor force. Several agencies are ex- Volumes 11, I11 and IV, inpreparation amining the magnitude of the "backlog" To be released late in 1942 of consumer demand that will form the huge potential market at the end of the war. Order from The Bureau of Foreign aild Domestic Com- SPECIAL LIBRARIES merce is building up a knowledge of the ASSOCIATION effects of the war program on procluctive activity. In the Department of Agri- 31 East Tenth Street, New York culture, the Secretary has created an inter- bureau coordinating committee of repre- 19421 POSTWAR PLANNING 273 sentatives of the various interests withm FILING & INDEXING the Department. This group is concerned APEX MATERIALS with the influence of future industrial activity upon agricultural production and PAMPHLET BOXES welfare. It is also studying the problem of Centralize and Protect Magazines, Pamphlets, Business Re- ports, Booklets and Loose Material. Save binding costs. maintaining a desirable level of income Improve appearance of shelves! for agriculture at a time when there is both high level of consumption of farm products and increased industrial use of them. We have all heard of the part that a public works program can play in main- taining postwar activity. Public works can be a great help, but it cannot do the whole job. Under the provisions of the Employ- ment Stabilization Act of 1931, the Na- Made of heavy cardboard, with reinforced corners. Green tional Resources Planning Board is respon- Vellum fronts, leather pull and labeled to index contents. Low prices I sible for the development and maintenance of a six-year program of Federal public works. Through the Public Work Reserve, the Board and the Federal Works Agency have been working with States and municipalities in the development of non- federal programs. Plans for programs for health, nutrition and medical care are already under way. Special efforts have been launched by the Office of Defense Health Welfare and Selective Activities to

spread the word about dietary needs. Made of heavy cardboard. All corners reinforced with The Surplus Marketing Administration cloth and stapled with wire. Construction very sturdy and well-adapted to continuous usage. Covered with black and has been broadening its efforts to bring white marble paper. Combination card-holder and pull at nutritional food to the low income-and- one end. needy family. The United States Public WOOD END VERTICAL Health Service, in cooperation with State FILE BOXES and local government health departments, Built for heavyyduty in the is at work on a program leading to wider busy library. Have wooden utilization of preventative medicine. ends and edges. Cover and flaps are hinged with Out of all of these efforts by industry, DOUBLE strips of business and government, by professional cloth. Covered with black and white mar- groups, civic organizations and others, wc have a good chance of developing a post- end. / war program, the need for which is being so dramatically and so frequently expressed by individuals in every walk of life. brary Supplies. F

1 Address before the Second General Session of the Thirty-Fourth Annual Convention of Special Libraries APE!( PAPER BOX CORP. 2318 S. Western Ave., Chicago Association, Detroit, Michigan, June ro, 1941. 274 SPECIAL LIBRARIES [Scptcmber

. LIBRARY BINDERS AND BOOKSELLERS I I NEWARK, NEW JERSEY Branch Ofice: 74 Oraton Street 580 Fifth Avenue, New York Hempstead, L. I., New York

RADEMAEKERS LIBRARY AND SCHOOL BINDINGS have won universal recognition because of durability and attractive appearance. THE BINDERY IS OLD: the binding methods are NEW, uptodate, practical. Prompt service is a specialty. Prices, samples, trained representatives, await the summons of the librarians. SPECIAL SERVICE for Special Libraries I I We are prepared to supply our trade with aImost any back numbered issue of Technical Magazines or Trade Journals. II Send us your magazines for binding and let us worry about your missing 11 issues.

WANTED CHEMICAL "Journal of Physical Chemistry" : JOURNALS any or all nos. of Vols. 1, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17, paying $1.-per The Journal of Organic number Chemistry "Journal of Biological Chem- Editor: LYNDONF. SMALL istry": Vols. 30, 31, 32 (or any number), paying $6.-per vol- Bimonthly. One volume a year. $6.00 ume "American Chemical Journal" Chemical Reviews (Remsen's): Vol. 26 15, Vol. Editor: W. ALBERT NOYES,JR. 28 12, 3, 5, Vol. 36 14, Vol. 44 Bimonthly. Two volumes a year. 11, 2, 4, Vol. 47 11, 2, 4, 5, Vol. 48 11, 2, 3, 4, Vol. 49 12, $7.00 for both annual volumes. 4, 5, 6, Vol. 50 all or any, paying 50# per number Journal of Physical "Society of Chemical Industry, Chemistry Journal": Index to 1937; Index to Abstracts "B" 1939; Vol. 60 Editor: S. C. LIND (1941) 14, 6 . (April, June), One volume of nine numbers a year. paylng $1.-per ~tem $10.00

Universum Book Export Co., Inc. For detailed information write to 45 East 17th Street The Williams & Wilkins Company New York, N. Y. BALTIMORE. MD.