Beginners Guide to Trade
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Quiet on the French Front”: the First World War Centenary in France and the Challenges of Republican Consensus
Comillas Journal of International Relations | nº 02 | 086-099 [2015] [ISSN 2386-5776] 86 DOI: cir.i02.y2015.007 “All QuieT ON THE FRENCH Front”: THE FIRST WORLD WAR CENTENARY IN FRANCE AND THE CHALLENGES OF REPUBLICAN CONSENSUS «Sin novedad en el frente»: el centenario de la Primera Guerra Mundial en Francia y los desafíos al Consenso Republicano Karine Varley University of Strathclyde Autores School of Humanities & Social Sciences E-mail: [email protected] The 2014 centenary commemorations of the First World War in France were described by many commentators as being marked by a level of consensus that stood in marked contrast Resumen with the broader political environment and the divisive memories of the Second World War. Yet despite shared desires to honour the poilu as a symbol of the sacrifices of all French soldiers, this article argues that the appearance of consensus masks deeper tensions between memories of the First World War and the ideas and values underpinning the French Republic. During the war and the period thereafter, myths of the nation in arms served to legitimise the mobilisation and immense sacrifices of the French people. The wars of the French Revolution had establis- hed the notion of the responsibility of the French people to defend their country, creating a close connection between military service, citizenship and membership of the nation. However, these ideas were challenged by memories of the mutinies of 1917 and of the punishment of those who had disobeyed orders. Having long been excluded from official commemorations, in 2014 the French government sought to rehabilitate the memory of the soldiers shot as an exam- ple for committing acts of disobedience, espionage and criminal offences. -
WTO Public Forum 2007 “How Can the WTO Help Harness Globalisation?” I II
This new edition of the WTO Public Forum provides an overview of discussions at the 2007 Forum, whose theme was “How can the WTO help harness globalization?”. 2007 The Forum provided participants with a unique opportunity 2007 to debate among themselves and with WTO members on how the WTO can best contribute to the management of 20072007 WTO Public Forum Public WTO WTO Public Forum Public WTO WTOWTO globalization. This publication summarizes the views and concerns expressed during the two-day programme. Topics for debate included the challenges presented by globalisation, the need for a coherent multilateral trading system, trade as PublicPublic ForumForum a vehicle for growth and development, and the interaction of trade and sustainable development. “How Can the WTO Help Harness Globalization?” “How Can the WTO Help Harness Globalization?” WTO Can the “How “How Can the WTO Help Harness Globalization?” WTO Can the “How 4-5 October 2007 ISBN 978-92-870-3472-4 20072007 WTOWTO Public Forum “How Can the WTO Help Harness Globalisation?” 04 - 05 October 07 © World Trade Organization, 2008. Reproduction of material contained in this document may be made only with written permission of the WTO Publications Manager. With written permission of the WTO Publications Manager, reproduction and use of the material contained in this document for non-commercial educational and training purposes is encouraged. ISBN: 978-92-870-3472-4 Also available in French and Spanish: French title ISBN: 978-92-870-3473-1 Spanish title ISBN: 978-92-870-3474-8 (Price: -
Tisa:The Trade in Services Agreement and How It Threatens
The trouble with The Trade in Services Agreement and how it threatens transport TiSA: workers’ rights By Professor Jane Kelsey, Dr Jane Kelsey is a Professor of Law at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The report was peer reviewed by Professor Robert Faculty of Law, the University Stumberg from the Harrison Institute for Public Law, Georgetown of Auckland, New Zealand University Law Center, Washington DC, USA. Commissioned by the International Transport Workers’ Federation and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung The trouble with The Trade in Services Agreement and how it threatens transport TiSA: workers’ rights By Professor Jane Kelsey, Dr Jane Kelsey is a Professor of Law at the University of Auckland, New Zealand. The report was peer reviewed by Professor Robert Faculty of Law, the University Stumberg from the Harrison Institute for Public Law, Georgetown of Auckland, New Zealand University Law Center, Washington DC, USA. Commissioned by the International Transport Workers’ Federation and Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung EXECUTIVE SUMMARY barriers, including protections for workers – or at least freeze them at their current level, and promise never to adopt new regulations that might restrict existing and new services or technologies (think of drones, robots and driverless vehicles). TiSA’s transparency annex would give other TiSA governments and corporations rights to lobby against proposed regulations that affect their interests. 1. The International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF) is a global trade union federation. The rules that govern the global services market shape TISA AND THE FOURTH INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION the daily lives of its affiliated unions and their members. The Trade in 6. The radical impact of new technologies has been called the ‘fourth industrial Services Agreement (TiSA) has the potential to dramatically change that revolution’. -
No Climate Justice Without Trade Justice
No climate justice without trade justice The Fair Trade Movement calls on the Parties of the UNFCCC to act on their commitments under the Paris Agreement and to prioritise fair trading practices in the global supply chains as indispensable for climate justice. The Climate Crisis is unjust – its impact is felt most severely by those who are least responsible for it. Smallholder farmers in the Global South are suffering the effects of climate change: droughts and floods, changing ripening and harvesting patterns, new climate-related pests, weeds and diseases and reduced yields. With the COVID-19 pandemic the same is true: The most marginalised are hit hardest as infection spread and/or lockdown measures have a negative impact on their work and trade. Both the climate and COVID-19 crisis are symptoms of the root disease: They are stark reminders of the powerful correlations between the global economic model and the larger health and environmental crises we are facing, also in the form of loss of biodiversity, deforestation, etc. An economic model where a significant imbalance in power in supply chains means that poor and marginalised producers and workers in global supply chains are being kept in perpetual poverty with unsustainable livelihoods, while buyers/retailers are reaping profits for their shareholders on the back of smallholders’ and SMEs’ crops and products. A key example is deforestation, which is chiefly driven by the current model for cocoa and coffee supply chains. A small group of big actors in the Global North capture high profits, while farmers in the Global South are pressured to deliver more and more product at prices below cost of production, often resulting in undesirable practices such as deforestation, use of child labour, and perpetual poverty. -
Position Paper of the Fair Trade Movement on COP25
Position Paper of the Fair Trade movement on COP25 NO CLIMATE RESILIENCE WITHOUT TRADE JUSTICE SMALLHOLDER FARMERS MUST BE AT THE HEART OF THE GLOBAL CLIMATE CRISIS NEGOTIATIONS The Amazon fires and the social explosions sparked abandoning their fields and migrating as their by environmental degradation across the planet, adaptation strategy of last resort. Concrete and coupled with globe-spanning strikes on Fridays ambitious action is urgently needed to redress the for Future, bring to light the emergency of the concerns surrounding migration and food security climate crisis facing the planet at the time of risks that haunt the world’s SDG aspirations. That the 25th Conference of the Parties to the United is why the global Fair Trade movement urges the Nations Framework Convention on Climate Parties of the UNFCCC to recognise that fair trading Change (UNFCCC), COP25. At the centre of the policies and practices are a crucial component of crisis are smallholder farmers, who increasingly climate mitigation and adaptation strategies. Urgent struggle with droughts, floods and with changing investment is needed to build a climate-resilient and unpredictable weather patterns. Many are economy based on social and economic justice. How Climate Change is exacerbating poverty and vulnerability of smallholder farmers > Additional stress on land exacerbates existing risks to livelihoods, food systems, biodiversity and infrastructure as well as human and ecosystem health; > Climate-related risks including those related to livelihoods, food and water -
California Trade Justice Coalition
CALIFORNIA TRADE JUSTICE COALITION Presidential Candidate Questionnaire Candidate Name: Bernie Sanders Campaign Office Address: ________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ Campaign Contact: ______________________________________________________ Contact Phone: _________________________________________________________ Email: ________________________________________________________________ The California Trade Justice Coalition (CTJC) is an alliance of labor, environmental, public health, immigrant rights and human rights organizations — all committed to building a strong California economy that works for all. CTJC’s member organizations include the Alliance for Democracy, Association of Western Pulp & Paper Workers, California Labor Federation, California Nurses Association, Communications Workers of America District 9, Food & Water Watch, Friends of the Earth, Global Exchange, International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers Local 595, International Longshore & Warehouse Union Southern California District Council, Local Clean Energy Alliance, Napa/Solano Central Labor Council, Rooted in Resilience, Sacramento Central Labor Council, Sierra Club San Francisco Bay Chapter and United Steelworkers District 12. We are interested in knowing what you think about a variety of issues regarding international trade policy. Answers to the following questions will be used to educate voters, highlight trade issues and create voter guides. Please return your completed questionnaire -
Uk-Africa Trade After Brexit: Challenges and Opportunities a Briefing for the All-Party Parliamentary Group for Africa
UK-AFRICA TRADE AFTER BREXIT: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES A BRIEFING FOR THE ALL-PARTY PARLIAMENTARY GROUP FOR AFRICA NOVEMBER 2020 This is not an official publication of the House of Commons or the House of Lords. It has not been approved by either House or its committees. All-Party Parliamentary Groups are informal groups of Members of both Houses with a common interest in particular issues. The views expressed in this report are those of the group and its partners. FOREWORD As we come to the end of the UK’s transition some of these themes in consideration of both period with the EU, which expires on 31 December the immediate, and longer-term future, for trade 2020, there is an urgency to ensure that the UK’s between the UK and Africa. independent trade policy is not undermining Africa’s vision for development, achievement of The global landscape has of course changed the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) or UK quite dramatically since this event was held in aid spending. However, at present, against the Westminster in January of this year. The global advice of the African Union and in contradiction health pandemic resulting from the spread of the Memorandum of Understanding signed of Covid-19 has reminded everyone of how between the AU and the UK in February 2019, interconnected our world has become, and how the UK government is using the Brexit deadline vulnerable its economies are to such a disruption. to push through bilateral deals with some select While the extent of the economic fallout is still not African countries without proper parliamentary clear, the pandemic has brought into sharp focus scrutiny or civil society oversight. -
Taxes on Trial. How Trade Deals Threaten Tax Justice
February 2016 Taxes on trial How trade deals threaten tax justice Research by Claire Provost 1 | Taxes on Trial: How trade deals threaten tax justice Demands for tax justice have resounded worldwide, with inequality at historic and unsustainable levels and increased attention towards the tax practices of major multinational corporations from Google to Starbucks. Governments must be able to change their tax systems to respond to ensure multinationals pay their fair share and to ensure that critical public services are well funded. States must also be able to reconsider and withdraw tax breaks previously granted to multinationals if they no longer fit with national priorities. But their ability to do so, to change tax laws and pursue progressive tax policies, may be severely limited by the powerful investor-state dispute settlement (ISDS) system, also known as ISDS, through which foreign investors can sue states directly at international tribunals. This system has become increasingly controversial thanks to negotiations over the proposed Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) investment deal between Europe and the United States. But access to ISDS is already enshrined in thousands of free trade and investment agreements crisscrossing the globe. Because control over taxes is seen as a core to a country’s sovereignty, many states have included tax-related ‘carve-out’ clauses in these trade and investment treaties to limit ability of corporations and other investors to sue over such disputes. But a growing number of investor-state cases have in fact challenged government tax decisions - from the withdrawal of previously granted tax breaks to multinationals to the imposition of higher taxes on profits from oil and mining. -
Why Trade Law Needs a Theory of Justice Frank J
Boston College Law School Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School Boston College Law School Faculty Papers January 2006 Why Trade Law Needs a Theory of Justice Frank J. Garcia Boston College Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://lawdigitalcommons.bc.edu/lsfp Part of the Antitrust and Trade Regulation Commons, International Law Commons, and the International Trade Law Commons Recommended Citation Frank J. Garcia. "Why Trade Law Needs a Theory of Justice." Proceedings of the Annual Meeting (American Society of International Law) 100, (2006): 376-380. This Article is brought to you for free and open access by Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. It has been accepted for inclusion in Boston College Law School Faculty Papers by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ Boston College Law School. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 376 ASIL Proceedings, 2006 redistribute (fairly share the pie)? In sum, does "just trade" simply mean "go ahead and trade as much as you can" or does itmean something more, as in "just" or "fair" trade? It is too easy to laugh away the notion of justice and trade as quaint or purely academic. Yet governments, themain actors in trade negotiations, are made up of people, and elected by people. As ethical and moral obligations play a role formany individuals, theymust necessarily reflect also on government decisions; ifnot in formal trade negotiations or before WTO panels, then at least in the court of public opinion. Why Trade Law Needs a Theory of Justice By Frank J. Garcia* I. -
Strenghtening European Social Democracy
Brochure_roundtable_sd_EN:Mise en page 1 11/5/10 5:41 PM Page 1 STRENGTHENING EUROPEAN SOCIAL S&D GROUP ROUND TABLE DEBATES DEMOCRACY MAY & JUNE 2010 Brochure_roundtable_sd_EN:Mise en page 1 11/5/10 5:41 PM Page 2 PARTICIPANTS Juan Fernando López Aguilar Head of Delegation Spain Kader Arif Coordinator S&D Group France Henning Meyer Social Europe journal Germany Kriton Arsenis MEP Greece Miguel Ángel Martínez Martínez EP Vice-President Spain Maria Badia I Cutchet S&D Group Vice-President Spain Kyriakos Mavronikolas Head of Delegation Cyprus Thijs Berman Head of Delegation Netherlands Jelena Milinovic S&D Trainee Serbia Janna Besamusca Ecosy Secretary General Netherlands Alexander Mirsky Head of Delegation Latvia Antony Beumer S&D Group Secretariat Netherlands Javier Moreno GPF Secretary General Spain Henrik Bokor Facebook debate Sweden Anne Muxel Academic Speaker France David Capezzuto PES secretariat Italy Katarina Nevedalová MEP Slovakia Anna Colombo S&D Group Secr. General Italy Justas Vincas Paleckis Head of Delegation Lithuania Philip Cordery PES Secretary General France Ivari Padar Head of Delegation Estonia Massimo D’Alema FEPS President/speaker Italy Jan Pronk Professor/Speaker Netherlands Vasilica Viorica Dăncilă Head of Delegation Romania Kévin Pusieux Facebook debate France Jacki Davis Moderator UK Bernhard Rapkay Head of Delegation Germany Véronique De Keyser S&D Group Vice-President Belgium Poul Nyrup Rasmussen PES Pres./Speaker Denmark Proinsias De Rossa Head of Delegation Ireland Maria Joao Rodrigues PES special advisor Portugal Saîd El Khadraoui MEP Belgium Libor Roucek EP Vice-President Czech Rep. Edite Estrela Head of Delegation Portugal David-Maria Sassoli Head of Delegation Italy Monika Flašíková Beňová S&D Group Vice-President Slovakia Martin Schulz S&D Group President Germany Krisztian Gal Facebook debate Hungary Adrian Severin S&D Group Vice-Pres. -
Lm991016.Pdf
LeMonde Job: WMQ1610--0001-0 WAS LMQ1610-1 Op.: XX Rev.: 15-10-99 T.: 11:18 S.: 111,06-Cmp.:15,11, Base : LMQPAG 42Fap: 100 No: 1592 Lcp: 700 CMYK LE MONDE RUGBY Samedi 16 octobre LA CHRONIQUE DE FRANCIS MARMANDE LES TEMPS FORTS b 1 FRANCE Déjà dans le doute à la veille de Haka, kawa rencontrer les Fidji, samedi 16 octobre à Toulouse, dans un match décisif pour l’accession et tawake directe aux quarts de finale, les WAISALE SEREVI est le plus Français comptent un blessé de inspiré des Fidjiens, qui pratiquent plus : le demi de mêlée Pierre tous un rugby inspiré. Brad John- Mignoni, victime d’une stone, ancien pilier de Nouvelle- élongation. pages II et III Zélande, les entraîne : un pilier, pour leur apprendre la rigueur. b 2 SAMOA C’est vrai que la rigueur, les Fid- Les joueurs jiens n’en débordent pas. Ils ont polynésiens tout le reste, plus des vertus dont emmenés par nul autre n’est pourvu, mais pas la Stephen Bachop rigueur. La rigueur, tout le monde (photo) ont créé en a. D’ailleurs, ça s’apprend. la sensation de ce premier tour Dans le monde du rugby, la plu- FRANÇOIS GUILLOT/AFP part des êtres jouent au rugby ; en dominant le pays de Galles certains jouent à se faire peur ; à Cardiff (38-31). page V d’autres à se donner des pignes ; a Les doutes les Fidjiens, eux, jouent à jouer b 3 HISTORIQUE pour jouer. Ils sont acrobates, fu- Le 18 juin 1995, au Cap, nambules, jongleurs, matéria- en demi-finales de la Coupe listes, dialecteux, poètes théorico- du monde disputée en Afrique pratiques ; ils rient sans cesse ou du Sud, le géant néo-zélandais alors se recueillent, pratiquent la Jonah Lomu renversait méditation comme un Montois à lui seul l’équipe d’Angleterre coupe du saucisson, lévitent en et inventait ce jour-là le rugby permanence sur une trinité très du XXIe siècle. -
Official Directory of the European Union
ISSN 1831-6271 Regularly updated electronic version FY-WW-12-001-EN-C in 23 languages whoiswho.europa.eu EUROPEAN UNION EUROPEAN UNION Online services offered by the Publications Office eur-lex.europa.eu • EU law bookshop.europa.eu • EU publications OFFICIAL DIRECTORY ted.europa.eu • Public procurement 2012 cordis.europa.eu • Research and development EN OF THE EUROPEAN UNION BELGIQUE/BELGIË • БЪЛГАРИЯ • ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA • DANMARK • DEUTSCHLAND • EESTI • ΕΛΛΑΔΑ • ESPAÑA • FRANCE • ÉIRE/IRELAND • ITALIA • ΚΥΠΡΟΣ/KIBRIS • LATVIJA • LIETUVA • LUXEMBOURG • MAGYARORSZÁG • MALTA • NEDERLAND • ÖSTERREICH • POLSKA • PORTUGAL • ROMÂNIA • SLOVENIJA • SLOVENSKO • SUOMI/FINLAND • SVERIGE • UNITED KINGDOM • BELGIQUE/BELGIË • БЪЛГАРИЯ • ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA • DANMARK • DEUTSCHLAND • EESTI • ΕΛΛΑ∆Α • ESPAÑA • FRANCE • ÉIRE/IRELAND • ITALIA • ΚΥΠΡΟΣ/KIBRIS • LATVIJA • LIETUVA • LUXEMBOURG • MAGYARORSZÁG • MALTA • NEDERLAND • ÖSTERREICH • POLSKA • PORTUGAL • ROMÂNIA • SLOVENIJA • SLOVENSKO • SUOMI/FINLAND • SVERIGE • UNITED KINGDOM • BELGIQUE/BELGIË • БЪЛГАРИЯ • ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA • DANMARK • DEUTSCHLAND • EESTI • ΕΛΛΑΔΑ • ESPAÑA • FRANCE • ÉIRE/IRELAND • ITALIA • ΚΥΠΡΟΣ/KIBRIS • LATVIJA • LIETUVA • LUXEMBOURG • MAGYARORSZÁG • MALTA • NEDERLAND • ÖSTERREICH • POLSKA • PORTUGAL • ROMÂNIA • SLOVENIJA • SLOVENSKO • SUOMI/FINLAND • SVERIGE • UNITED KINGDOM • BELGIQUE/BELGIË • БЪЛГАРИЯ • ČESKÁ REPUBLIKA • DANMARK • DEUTSCHLAND • EESTI • ΕΛΛΑΔΑ • ESPAÑA • FRANCE • ÉIRE/IRELAND • ITALIA • ΚΥΠΡΟΣ/KIBRIS • LATVIJA • LIETUVA • LUXEMBOURG • MAGYARORSZÁG • MALTA • NEDERLAND