Biology 3 Reading List

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A Suggested Reading List for A Level Biologists Magazines, Newspapers and journals New Scientist Scientific American Nature Science Biological Sciences Review British Medical Journal Any scientific articles in newspapers (eg the Guardian on Wednesday) Websites http://www.ibiblio.org/virtualcell/index.htm – An interactive cell biology site http://www.dnai.org/a/index.html – Explore the genetic code http://nobelprize.org – Details of the history of the best scientific discoveries http://nature.com – The site of the scientific journal http://royalsociety.org – Podcasts, news and interviews with scientists about recent scientific developments http://www.nhm.ac.uk – The London Natural History Museum’s website with lots of interesting educational material http://www.bmj.com – The website of the British Medical Journal http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science_and_environment - The BBC news page for Science and the Environment Books Research these on Amazon and select a few to read (you don’t have to read them all!): Richard Dawkins: The Selfish Gene The Blind Watchmaker. Unweaving the Rainbow Climbing Mount Improbable The Ancestor’s Tale Steve Jones: Y: The Descent of Men In the Blood: God, Genes and Destiny Almost Like a Whale: The 'Origin of Species' Updated The Language of the genes Matt Ridley Genome: The Autobiography of a Species in 23 Chapters The Red Queen: Sex and the Evolution of Human Nature The Language of Genes Francis Crick: Discoverer of the Genetic Code Nature Via Nurture: Genes, Experience and What Makes Us Human James Watson: DNA: The Secret of Life The Double Helix: Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA Lewis Thomas: The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher. The Medusa and the Snail: More Notes of a Biology Watcher Barry Gibb: The Rough Guide to the Brain (Rough Guides Reference Titles) Charles Darwin: The origin of species Armand Marie Leroi: Mutants: On the Form, Varieties and Errors of the Human Body David S. Goodsell: The Machinery of Life Ernst Mayr: This Is Biology: The Science of the Living World George C. Williams: Plan and Purpose in Nature Steve Pinker: The Language Instinct Edward O Wilson: The Diversity of Life Primo Levi: The Periodic Table Richard Leaky: The Origin of Humankind Bill Bryson: A Short History of Nearly Everything .

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Selfish Gene
THE SELFISH GENE Richard Dawkins is Charles Simonyi Professor for the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University. Born in Nairobi of British parents, he was educated at Oxford and did his doctorate under the Nobel-prizewinning ethologist Niko Tin- bergen. From 1967 to 1969 he was an Assistant Professor at the University of California at Berkeley, returning as University Lecturer and later Reader in /oology at New College, Oxford, before becoming the first holder of the Simonyi Chair in 1995. He is a fellow of New College. The Selfish Gene (1976; second edition 1989) catapulted Richard Dawkins to fame, and remains his most famous and widely read work. It was followed by a string of bestselling books: The Extended Phenolype (1982), The Blind Watchmaker (1986), River Out of Eden (1995), Climbing Mount Improbable (1996), Unweaving the Rainbow (1998), and The Ancestor's Tale (2004). A Devil's Chaplain, a collection of his shorter writings, was published in 2003. Dawkins is a Fellow of both the Royal Society and the Royal Society of Literature. He is the recipient of numerous honours and awards, including the 1987 Royal Society of Literature Award, the Los Angeles Times Literary Prize of the same year, the 1990 Michael Faraday Award of the Royal Society, the 1994 Nakayama Prize, the 1997 International Cosmos Prize for Achievement in Human Science, the Kistler Prize in 2001, and the Shakespeare Prize in 2005. This page intentionally left blank THE SELFISH GENE RICHARD DAWKINS OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS You scratch my back, I'll ride on yours 185 better than the suckers.
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The God Delusion: a Worldview Analysis Bill Martin Cornerstone Church of Lakewood Ranch - August 6, 2008
The God Delusion: A Worldview Analysis Bill Martin Cornerstone Church of Lakewood Ranch - August 6, 2008 Richard Dawkins, Charles Simonyi Professor of the Public Understanding of Science at Oxford University “The God Delusion really marked the point where Dawkins transformed from the professor holding the Charles Simonyi Chair for the Public Understanding of Science to the celebrity fundamentalist atheist.” - Carl Packman, “An Evangelical Atheist” in New Statesman, 8.5.08 The Selfish Gene, Oxford University Press, 1976 The Extended Phenotype, Oxford University Press, 1982 The Blind Watchmaker, W. W. Norton & Company, 1986 River out of Eden, Basic Books, 1995 Climbing Mount Improbable, New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1996 Unweaving the Rainbow, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1998 A Devil's Chaplain, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2003 The Ancestor's Tale, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2004 The God Delusion, Bantam Books, 2006 / Bill’s edition: Mariner Books; 1 edition (January 16, 2008) Ad hominem - attacking an opponent's character rather than answering his argument Outline of Bill’s Talking Points 1. General Summary 2. Two Worldview Presuppositions 3. Personal Reflections and Lessons Resources: Books and Journals Aikman, David. The Delusion of Disbelief. Nashville: Tyndale House, 2008. McGrath, Alister. The Dawkins Delusion? Downers Grove: InterVarsity Press, 2007. _______. Dawkins’ God: Genes, Memes and the Meaning of Life. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing, 2005. Ganssle, Gregory E. “Dawkins’s Best Argument: The Case against God in The God Delusion,” Philosophia Christi , 2008,Volume 10, Number 1, pp. 39-56. Plantinga, Alvin. “The Dawkins Confusion,” Books & Culture, March/April 2007, Vol. 13, No. 2, Page 21. The Duomo Pieta (Florence, Italy) Reviews of The God Delusion “dogmatic, rambling and self-contradictory” - Andrew Brown in Prospect “he risks destroying a larger target”- Jim Holt in The New York Times “I'm forced, after reading his new book, to conclude he's actually more an amateur.” - H.
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Ending Jim Crow Life Insurance Rates Mary L
University of Richmond UR Scholarship Repository Law Faculty Publications School of Law 2009 Ending Jim Crow Life Insurance Rates Mary L. Heen University of Richmond, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.richmond.edu/law-faculty-publications Part of the Civil Law Commons, Civil Rights and Discrimination Commons, and the Insurance Law Commons Recommended Citation Mary L. Heen, Ending Jim Crow Life Insurance Rates, 4 Nw. J. L. & Soc. Pol'y. 360 (2009). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the School of Law at UR Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Law Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of UR Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Copyright 2009 by Mary Heen Volume 4 (Fall 2009) Northwestern Journal of Law and Social Policy Ending Jim Crow Life Insurance Rates Mary L. Heen* How people count and measure embodies certain assumptions about the thing they are counting; this was true in the nineteenth century, and it is equally true today.' [E]ver since the 1880's, Negroes have been subject to differential treatment by white insurance companies in that some of them, at that time, started to apply higher premium schedules for Negro than for white customers, whereas others decided not to take on any Negro business at all. The underlying reason, of course, is the fact that mortality rates are 2 much higher for Negroes than for whites. [I]f the misery of our poor be caused not by the laws of nature, but by our institutions, great is our sin..3 I.
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Biology a Level
World class thinking. World class achieving. St Mary’s College BIOLOGY (EDEXCEL BIOLOGY A) Pre-course reading and guidance A LEVEL Biology WHY SHOULD I CHOOSE BIOLOGY? › Biology is a wonderful science that gives you the opportunity to go into many areas, with dentistry, veterinary science, medicine to name a few. The course is taught by members of staff that have a great deal of expertise in delivering the subject. The study of life itself, A level Biology explores the theories and principles involved in living systems, in all their intricate beauty. Topics you will learn about include: lifestyle, transport, genes and health, development, plants and the environment, the natural environment and species survival, energy, exercise and co-ordination, as well as practical biology and research skills. By the end of the course you will know about the principles of genetics, molecules, taxonomy, natural selection, evolutionary theory, global warming, bacteria and viruses, and more. WHAT IS THE COURSE STRUCTURE LIKE? › The course is a two year course. It consists of three exams. The exams are worth a total of 33% each. All exams will be taken at the end of your second year. There is no coursework. World class thinking. World class achieving. A LEVEL Biology Exams (sat in Y13) Weighting Paper Topics Time (hours) (%) Topic 1: Lifestyle, Health and Risk Topic 2: Genes and Health Topic 3: Voice of the Genome 1 33.3 2 Topic 4: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Topic 5: On the Wild Side Topic 6: Immunity, Infection and Forensics Topic 1: Lifestyle, Health and Risk Topic 2: Genes and Health Topic 3: Voice of the Genome 2 33.3 2 Topic 4: Biodiversity and Natural Resources Topic 7: Run for your Life Topic 8: Grey Matter Topic 1: Lifestyle, Health and Risk Topic 2: Genes and Health Topic 3: Voice of the Genome Topic 4: Biodiversity and Natural Resources 3 Topic 5: On the Wild Side 33.3 2 Topic 6: Immunity, Infection and Forensics Topic 7: Run for your Life Topic 8: Grey Matter Exam Syllabus for Biology: https://bit.ly/2xJ6bTw World class thinking.
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The Evolution of Landscape in Venetian Painting, 1475-1525
THE EVOLUTION OF LANDSCAPE IN VENETIAN PAINTING, 1475-1525 by James Reynolds Jewitt BA in Art History, Hartwick College, 2006 BA in English, Hartwick College, 2006 MA, University of Pittsburgh, 2009 Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of The Dietrich School of Arts and Sciences in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of Pittsburgh 2014 UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH KENNETH P. DIETRICH SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SCIENCES This dissertation was presented by James Reynolds Jewitt It was defended on April 7, 2014 and approved by C. Drew Armstrong, Associate Professor, History of Art and Architecture Kirk Savage, Professor, History of Art and Architecture Jennifer Waldron, Associate Professor, Department of English Dissertation Advisor: Ann Sutherland Harris, Professor Emerita, History of Art and Architecture ii Copyright © by James Reynolds Jewitt 2014 iii THE EVOLUTION OF LANDSCAPE IN VENETIAN PAINTING, 1475-1525 James R. Jewitt, PhD University of Pittsburgh, 2014 Landscape painting assumed a new prominence in Venetian painting between the late fifteenth to early sixteenth century: this study aims to understand why and how this happened. It begins by redefining the conception of landscape in Renaissance Italy and then examines several ambitious easel paintings produced by major Venetian painters, beginning with Giovanni Bellini’s (c.1431- 36-1516) St. Francis in the Desert (c.1475), that give landscape a far more significant role than previously seen in comparable commissions by their peers, or even in their own work. After an introductory chapter reconsidering all previous hypotheses regarding Venetian painters’ reputations as accomplished landscape painters, it is divided into four chronologically arranged case study chapters.
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DAWKINS: the GOD DELUSION the Criticism of Religion Which Has Become a Polemic Without Limits
DAWKINS: THE GOD DELUSION The Criticism of Religion which has Become a Polemic Without Limits JAVIER MONSERRAT Universidad Autónoma de Madrid Dawkins bases his criticism of the religious on the consideration that Darwinism eliminates all rationality regarding the belief in God. Another grand contemporary biologist, Michael Ruse, considers that Darwinism and Christianity are compatible. In his book, «Can a Darwinist be a Christian?», he responds affirmatively and offers us the following characterisation of the radicalism of Dawkins, from whom he differs radically, «He is a man who takes his atheism seriously, so much so that, in contrast, the grand Scottish philosopher of the XVIII century, David Hume (who was described memorably as “the greatest gift of God to the unbelievers”), seems moderate». The biologist Richard Dawkins holds the Charles Simonyi Chair for the «Public Knowl- edge of Science», at the University of Oxford. He studied zoology at Oxford and, after accessing academic life, he soon began to stand out within the framework of Evolution- ary Biology. His fundamental contribution consisted of contributing to the theoretical interpretation of the genes in evolutionary selection, through what we could call a «gene- tic» reading of traditional Darwinism. These ideas can be followed through the books of reference: The Selfish Gene (1976) and The Extended Phenotype (1982). For Dawkins the genetic-evolutionary mechanism is interactive with the environment as the medium are the «genes». Among other things, he introduced the concept of «meme» for the first time, therefore, the idea of «memetics» (see Breaking the Spell by Daniel Dennett). Apart from his contributions to Theoretical Biology, Dawkins became famous for his work in the scientific divulgation of Darwinism and as a critic of religion.
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EMBO Awardees Reveal Blueprints for Success
NATURE|Vol 443|19 October 2006 THE CAREERS MAGAZINE FOR SCIENTISTS eeing fellow researchers receive awards for their endeavours offers an ideal time to study success and learn valuable lessons about how to guide your scientific career. The two medals given out in the past month by the SEuropean Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO), based in Heidelberg, Germany, are no exception. The organization’s 2006 Award for Communication in the Life Sciences went to developmental geneticist Armand Marie Leroi of Imperial College London. Leroi’s success had its roots in his desire to spice up his lectures. When he discussed the connection between mutated fruitfly genes and disabilities in humans, his students “sat up and took notice — especially after snoozing through the 50th fly gene”, Leroi says. Inspired, Leroi sought out other connections between genetic mutations and human development, and brought them together in a book called Mutants: On the Form, Varieties and Errors of the Human Body. A television producer saw a copy of the book’s manuscript and approached Leroi to make a programme, which was broadcast under the title Human Mutants. Although Leroi says he finds public communication of science “seductive”, he tries to stay “grounded” in his research on the nematode worm Caenorhabditis elegans. “Ultimately communicating science isn’t more satisfying than doing science,” he says. Frank Uhlmann, winner of the 2006 EMBO Gold Medal, attributes much of his success to working in a number of different locations. Now based at Cancer Research UK in London, Uhlmann moved round six labs in Munich while doing his diploma in Germany.
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Meme (French Mème, German Mem), a Term Coined by Richard Dawkins
This is my (slightly revised) English translation of my article “Mem”, which appeared in: J. Mittelstraß (ed.), Enzyklopädie Philosophie und Wissenschaftstheorie, 2nd edn, vol. 5, Stuttgart/Weimar 2013, pp. 318–24. C.v.B. Meme (French mème, German Mem), a term coined by Richard Dawkins in analogy to “gene”, intended to desig- nate pieces of culture (‘units of cultural transmission’ or ‘units of imitation’; Dawkins 1976, p. 206) which are subject to a Darwinian process of evolution. 2 In The Selﬁsh Gene (1976, 1989), Dawkins tries among Dawkins: Generalized theory of evolution other things to give a general characterization of the phe- nomenon of evolution by natural selection. This charac- terization is intended to be general in the sense that it is independent of particular ‘substrates’ like, say, organic molecules or (populations of) organisms. What is essential for the evolution of complex struc- Replicators tures by natural selection, according to Dawkins, is the existence of ‘replicators’, i.e., objects which (in a suitable environment) generate copies of themselves. Replicators which are better able to multiply than others consequently spread more strongly than these do. In view of the result- ing exponential growth (and the more so as the available resources of space, energy, materials etc. will ordinarily be limited) better replicators will, in the course of not too many copying-‘generations’, drive worse ones to numerical marginality or even obliteration. If such displacement of old variants by superior new ones takes place again and again over a protracted period of time, eventually replica- tors with extremely sophisticated mechanisms of action will hold the stage.
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Zoological Endeavors Inspired by A. Richard Palmer: Introduction, Biography, and Bibliography
Canadian Journal of Zoology Zoological Endeavors Inspired by A. Richard Palmer: Introduction, Biography, and Bibliography Journal: Canadian Journal of Zoology Manuscript ID cjz-2020-0274 Manuscript Type: Editorial Date Submitted by the 17-Nov-2020 Author: Complete List of Authors: Miyashita, Tetsuto; Canadian Museum of Nature Jamniczky, Heather; University of Calgary, Cell Biology & Anatomy Standen, Emily; University of Ottawa, Department of Biology Is your manuscript invited for Draft consideration in a Special Zoological Endeavors Inspired by A. Richard Palmer Issue?: evolutionary biology, bilateral asymmetry, phenotypic plasticity, marine Keyword: ecology, career in biology, Pacific Northwest © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Page 1 of 54 Canadian Journal of Zoology 1 Zoological Endeavors Inspired by A. Richard Palmer: Introduction, Biography, and 2 Bibliography1 3 4 Tetsuto Miyashita2, Heather A. Jamniczky3, and Emily M. Standen4 5 6 1This editorial introduces a series of invited papers arising from the symposium “Zoological 7 Endeavours Inspired by A. Richard Palmer” that was co-sponsored by the Canadian Society of 8 Zoologists and the Canadian Journal of Zoology and held during the Annual Meeting of the Canadian 9 Society of Zoologists at the University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, 14–16 May 2019. 10 11 2Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O. Box 3443,Draft Station D, Ottawa, ON K1P 6P4, Canada 12 3Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Cumming School of Medicine, the University of Calgary, 13 Calgary, AB T2X 4N1, Canada 14 4Department of Biology, the University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1N 6N5, Canada 15 © The Author(s) or their Institution(s) Canadian Journal of Zoology Page 2 of 54 2 16 17 A professorial cowboy-aesthete – the combination seems incongruous yet he was utterly of a 18 piece – taught me how to think about evolution, which is to say about almost everything.
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Make Your Own Monster Adrian Woolfson
Make your own monster Adrian Woolfson MutAnts: On the Form, VArieties And Errors of the HumAn Body by ArmAnd MArie Leroi HarperCollins, 431 pp, £20.00, May 2004, ISBN 0 00 257113 7 JAcob’s LAdder: The History of the HumAn Genome by Henry Gee Fourth Estate, 272 pp, £20.00, March 2004, ISBN 1 84115 734 1 848 an advertisement in the Brooklyn tury, the mood of the public had changed Eagle triumphantly announced a per- and the public display of such ‘human Iformance by ‘the most extraordinary prodigies’ – as they preferred to be called – and interesting man in miniature in the had become unacceptable in many coun- known world’. Charles Sherwood Stratton tries. The profession of ‘museum freak’ was a perfectly formed 25-inch-tall midget, was in terminal decline. who weighed only 15 pounds. It had been Such discontinuous variations on the the idea of the Victorian freak show impre- human form are rare, but we are used to the sario Phineas Taylor Barnum to present continuous everyday variations that com- him in the guise of ‘General Tom Thumb’. prise the full spectrum of the ‘normal’. Before long, the general’s imitations – ‘in They leave the basic body plan intact, and full military costume’ – of Napoleon Bona- are the stuff of evolution by natural selec- parte and Frederick the Great, and a varied tion. The more ‘monstrous’ variations are repertoire including a ‘Scotch song’ and a unlikely to be of direct significance in evo- rendition of the polka, would make him a lutionary processes, but they do offer inval- wealthy man.
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Color for Philosophers: Unweaving the Rainbow
c o N T E N T 5 Foreword by Arthur Danto ix xv Preface xix Introduction I Color Perception and Science The physical causes of color 1 The camera and the eye 7 Perceiving lightness and darkness 19 26 Chromatic vision Chromatic response 36 The structure of phenomenal hues 40 Object metamerism, adaptation, and contrast 45 Some mechanisms of chromatic perception 52 II The Ontology of Color Objectivism 59 Standard conditions 67 Normal observers 76 Constancy and crudity 82 Ch romatic democracy 91 Sense data as color bearers 96 Materialist reduction and the illusion of color 109 III Phenomenology and Physiology THE RELATlONS OF COLORS TO EACH OTHER 113 T he resemblances of colors 113 The incompatibilities of colors 121 Deeper problems 127 OTHER MINDS 134 Spectral inversions and asymmetries 134 vii CONTENTS I nternalism and externalism 142 Other colors, other minds 145 COLOR LANGUAGE 155 Foci 155 The evolution of color categories 165 Boundaries and indeterminacy 169 Establishing boundaries 182 Color Plates following page 88 Appendix: Land's Retinex Theory of Color Vision 187 Notes 195 Glossary of Technical Terms 209 Further Reading 216 Bibliography 217 Acknowledgments 234 Indexes 237 viii F o R E w o R D Very few today still believe that philosophy is a disease of language and that its deliverances, due to disturbances of the grammatical un conscious, are neither true nor false but nonsense. But the fact re mains that, very often, philosophical theory stands to positive knowledge roughly in the relationship in which hysteria is said to stand to anatomical truth.
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Bacon's Poetry and Shakespeare's
No “Idle Fancy:” The Imagination’s Work in Poetry and Natural Philosophy from Sidney to Sprat by Jacqueline L. Cowan Department of English Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Leonard Tennenhouse, Supervisor ___________________________ Andrew Janiak ___________________________ Maureen Quilligan ___________________________ Charlotte Sussman Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 i v ABSTRACT No “Idle Fancy:” The Imagination’s Work in Poetry and Natural Philosophy from Sidney to Sprat by Jacqueline L. Cowan Department of English Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ Leonard Tennenhouse, Supervisor ___________________________ Andrew Janiak ___________________________ Maureen Quilligan ___________________________ Charlotte Sussman An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of English in the Graduate School of Duke University 2015 i v Copyright by Jacqueline L. Cowan 2015 Abstract When debating the structure of the cosmos, Raphael delivers to Adam perhaps Milton’s most famous line: “be lowly wise.” With the promise to “justify the ways of God to men,” Milton does not limit man’s knowledge to base matters, but reclaims the heights of “other worlds” for the poet. Over the course of the seventeenth century, the natural philosophers’ material explanations of the natural order were slowly gaining authority over other sources of knowledge, the poets prime among them. My dissertation takes up the competing early modern claims to knowledge that Milton lays down for Adam. I argue that natural philosophy, what today we call “science,” emerged as the dominant authority over knowledge by appropriating the poet’s imagination.
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