DOCSLIB.ORG

PDF Fulltext

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
PDF Fulltext Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.), 10(2): 127 – 142 (2014) © The Egyptian Society of Experimental Biology RESEARCH ARTICLE Hanaa F.S. S hehata ECOLOGY AND NUTRITIVE STATUS OF SISYMBRIUM IRIO L. IN THE NILE DELTA, EGYPT ABSTRACT: The present study was conducted to evaluate CORRESPONDENCE: the ecology and nutritive potential of the wild Hanaa Fahmy S. Shehata herbal weed Sisymbrium irio in the Nile Delta Botany Department, Faculty of Science, region. Vegetation and soil were sampled in 50 Zagazig University, Egypt stands distributed in different habitats in the Nile Delta region of Egypt where Sisymbrium irio E-mail: [email protected] was recorded. The present study was investigated in cultivated lands, road-sides, ARTICLE CODE: 16.02.14 wastelands, orchards and canal banks in five Governorates of the Nile Delta: El-Sharkia, El- INTRODUCTION: Gharbia, El-Behira, Kafr El-Sheikh and El- Dakhlia. The total number of the recorded plant Weed communities are affected by many species was 104, belonging to 88 genera and factors as farm management practices related to 31 families. Floristic analysis (Thomas and Frick, 1993), crop type revealed that the recorded species were (Andreasen and Skovgaard, 2009), season (El- classified into three major functional groups Demerdash et al., 1997) and soil according to their duration (life-span) as characteristics (Pinke et al., 2010). Sisymbrium follows: 72 annuals, 3 biennials and 29 irio generally is found in abandoned fields, perennials. Therophytes exhibited the maximum waste places, roadsides, orchards, off-highway number of species (72.13%). Seven vegetation vehicle staging areas, pastures and livestock groups (VG) were identified by the application of watering sites, and open deserts (Rollins, TWINSPAN and DECORANA as classification 1993; Wilkin and Hannah, 1998). Felger (1990) and ordination techniques, respectively. Each of described S. irio as being found in disturbed these groups inhabited one or more distinct sites, along with being well-established in the type of habitats. S. irio was recognized as natural desert and semi-desert habitats, S. irio dominant species for most of these groups and reproduces entirely by seed. Wilkin and as an important species in group E certain Hannah (1998) suggest that S. irio, like other species may show a local dominance/co- dominance, or may be distinctly the most colonising mustards, is self-compatible and important in a group of stands. The correlation self-pollinated, as suggested by its small between vegetation and soil characteristics is flowers. It has been estimated that a large indicated on the ordination diagram produced by plant can produce 9500 seeds or more the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA). (Guertin, 2003). Guil et al. (1997) investigated Sand, silt, clay, pH, calcium carbonate, organic the antinutritional and toxic components (oxalic carbon, and water- holding capacity were the acid, nitrate and erucic acid) in S. irio and most significant soil factors controlling the other wild edible plants, they showed that only abundance and distribution of the vegetation low amounts of erucic acid were found in S. groups. The community of S. irio (dominant irio. species in Groups B, F, and G) was affected by, Sisymbrium irio is winter annual without calcium carbonate, water holding- capacity, Mg, any means of vegetative reproduction. The Ca, and K. Evaluation of the nutritive status of seeds seem to be able to survive in low S. irio shoots showed that sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, and numbers in the seed bank. Täckholm (1974) phosphorous were detected in adequate and Boulos (2009) recorded the distribution of amounts, while copper, manganese, and nickel S. irio in the following phytogeographical were below the maintenance level. The present regions: Nile region, Mediterranean region, study evaluated the nutritive status of S. irio as Eastern desert, Res Sea coastal strip, Gebel good forage. Elba and Sinai (St. Katherine) in Egypt. According to Shaltout et al. (2010), the distribution of S. irio in the Nile Delta region includes the Nile valley, Nile Faiyum, the western and eastern Mediterranean regions, KEY WORDS: and the Isthmic Desert (northern Sinia). Chorotypes, classification, ordination, soil, Phytochemical screening analysis revealed vegetation, nutrients that S. irio contained secondary metabolites ISSN: 1687-7497 On Line ISSN: 2090 - 0503 http://www.egyseb.org 128 Egypt. J. Exp. Biol. (Bot.), 10(2): 127 – 142 (2014) like flavonoids, alkaloids, oils and glycosides (Krets et al., 1987). MATERIAL AND METHODS: The life form of plants is an adaptive Study area: response to environment and provides an The area of the Nile Delta is about ecological classification vegetation structure 22,000 km 2 compared with 13,000 km 2 for the that may be indicative of habitat conditions Nile Valley area. It comprises about 63% of (Box, 1981; Archibold, 1995). Egypt’s productive agricultural area. The The Cruciferae contains numerous surface of the Nile Delta in the south is species which are of economic importance, relatively smoother than that in the north. This as succulent fodders for livestock (Core, may be due to long time absence of 1955).The family also owes its position of agriculture in the north. This has permitted economic importance to the widely variable, the old branches of the Nile Delta to run succulent, fodder plant types found in the freely over the surface, building natural genus Brassica (Bell, 2011). The Cruciferae levees and dikes. The region of the mid-Delta includes the genus S. which includes S. irio. slopes, generally from east to west, makes the level of the Damietta branch higher than According to Le Houérou (1980), the that of the Rosetta branch by two meters (Abu forage value of the consumed plant is the Al-Izz, 1971). The Nile Delta is like the result of its nutritive value, i.e. chemical Mediterranean climatic zone. According to composition, digestibility and it is highly global map of the world distribution of arid affected by the stage of maturity, edaphic regions (UNESCO, 1977) the north of the Nile influence, climate, and range condition. Wild Delta lies in an arid region, while the southern S. irio is a winter and spring active annual part lies in the hyper-arid region. The climatic (Mashaly and Awad, 2003). Mossallam (2007) conditions are warm summer (20 to 30ºC) and recorded S. irio as one of the palatable mild winter with mean temperature above species for grazing animals in Saudi Arabia. 10ºC. Because of many years of agricultural The vegetation and nutritional values of activities, all soils with exception of the S. irio have not previously been studied. northern most part, are man-made and are Therefore, the objectives in the present study regarded as anthropoid variants of the are (i) to characterize the community type of Gleysols and Fluvisols. The sampled stands S. irio and to study the life- forms of the are distributed in many localities (east, west, associated weeds of S. irio in the study and north of the Nile Delta), representing five area, (ii) to detect the phytogeographical Governorates of the Nile Delta region: El- significance of the floristic components and Sharkia, El-Gharbia, El-Behira, Kafr El- to find out the floristic relationships between Sheikh, and El-Dakhlia Governorates (Fig. 1). the study area and the rest of Egypt as well The Nile Delta region and the studied as the adjacent countries, (iii) to determine provinces within it belong to the arid belts of the effective soil factors controlling its the northern coastal region of Egypt (Ayyad et distribution, and (v) to evaluate the al., 1983). nutritional status of S. irio that may influence its fodder potentiality. Fig. 1. Map of the Nile Delta of Egypt showing the different locations (*) of the study area ISSN: 1687-7497 On Line ISSN: 2090 - 0503 http://www.egyseb.org Shehata HF, Ecology and Nutritive Status of Sisymbrium irio L. in the Nile Delta, Egypt 129 Floristic and vegetation analyses: collected from several stands from the cultivated fields in El-Zagazig area, El- After regular visits during winter and Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. The sampled spring (2012 - 2013), 50 sampled stands materials were kept in paper bags and (each 50 m 2) were selected randomly in five brought to the laboratory shortly after Governorates; El-Sharkia, El-Gharbia, El- collection. Moisture content and ash Behira, Kafr El-Sheikh, and El-Dakhlia. These percentage were estimated according to stands were distributed in five different AOAC (1990). Nutrients and heavy metals habitats: cultivated lands, road-sides, were extracted from 0.5 to 1 g samples using wastelands, orchards and canal banks. mixed-acid digestion method. Total nitrogen A chorological analysis of the floristic (N) was assessed by the Kjeldahl method, Na, categories of species was made to assign the Ca, and K using a flame photometer (Model recorded species to world geographical groups CORNING M410), Mg, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Ni, and according to Zohary (1966 & 1972), Feinbrun- Pb using atomic absorption (Shimadzu AA- Dothan (1978 & 1986) and Wickens (1978). The 6200). Phosphorous was estimated by plants were identified according to Täckholm applying molybdenum blue method using a (1974) and up to date by Boulos (1999, 2000, spectrophotometer (Model CECIL CE 1021). 2002, 2005, & 2009). Species were categorized in Ether extract (crude fat) and crude fiber were terms of their life forms according to Raunkiaer determined by the Soxhlet extraction method. (1934) into therophytes, hemicryptophytes, All these procedures are according to Allen geophytes,helophytes, chamaephytes, (1989). Crude protein (CP) was calculated by phanerophytes, parasites, and lianas. multiplying the nitrogen concentration by the Species density was recorded according factor of 6.25 (Adesogon et al., 2000). Total to Shukla and Chandel (1989) and plant cover carbohydrates were calculated according to was estimated for each species using the line- the equation of Le Houe´rou (1980): NFE (in intercept method (Canfield, 1941).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Senecio Glaucus Subsp. Coronopifolius ) (MAIRE) C
    Az. J. Pharm Sci. Vol. 52, September, 2015. 283 PHYTOCHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL STUDY OF (Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifolius ) (MAIRE) C. ALEXANDER GROWING IN EGYPT BY Shaza A. Mohamed FROM Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), AL-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt. ABSTRACT Senecio glaucus subsp. coronopifolius (Maire) C. Alexander is wild annual herb distributed in the Egyptian deserts. Total phenolic and flavonoid content of plant root were determined using both HPLC and colorimetric analysis. Syringic acid and hesperidin (1378.802 and 6638.247 mg / 100 gm. dried plant root powder, respectively) were of the highest concentration compounds resulted from HPLC analysis of total phenolic and flavonoid content. The colorimetric estimation of total phenolic and flavonoid content resulted in concentration of (98.23 ± 0.28 mg/gm. expressed as Gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 35.9± 0.17 mg/gm. expressed as quercetin equivalent (QE), respectively). GC-MS analysis of un-saponifiable matters and fatty acid methyl esters of the plant leaves indicated that octacosane (11.85%) and linolenic acid methyl ester (31.07%) (poly- unsaturated fatty acid) were the major identified compounds, respectively. The DNA of the plant was analyzed using twelve random decamer primers. A total of 52 random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were identified. Root extracts (ethyl acetate, acetone and methyl alcohol) were subjected to determine the antimicrobial behavior and also their cytotoxic activity, by using (3- (4, 5- dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) (MTT) assay against colon carcinoma cell lines (HCT-116). Among the fore mentioned extracts, root ethyl acetate extract gave appreciable antibacterial and antifungal behavior and also had promising cytotoxic activity with IC50 = 7.39 ±1.2 µg/ml.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from the Flower, Leaf, and Stem of Senecio Pandurifolius
    ORIGINAL ARTICLE Rec. Nat. Prod . 5:2 (2011) 82-91 Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of the Essential Oils from the Flower, Leaf, and Stem of Senecio pandurifolius Nuran Kahriman 1, Gonca Tosun 1, Salih Terzio ğlu 2, Şengül Alpay Karao ğlu 3 and Nurettin Yaylı 1,* 1Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Türkiye 2Department of Forest Botany, Faculty of Forestry, Karadeniz Technical University, 61080, Trabzon, Türkiye 3Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Rize University, 53100, Rize, Türkiye (Received July 15, 2010; Revised September 13, 2010; Accepted September 13, 2010) Abstract: The essential oils from the fresh flower, leaf, and stem of Senecio pandurifolius (Asteraceae) were isolated by hydrodistillation in a Clevenger-type apparatus, and characterized by GC-FID and GC-MS. A total of forty-five, sixty, and forty-two compounds were identified, constituting over 90.1%, 88.0%, and 89.0% of oil composition of the flower, leaf, and stem of S. pandurifolius , respectively. The chemical profile reveals the dominance of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (flower: 42.4%, leaf: 43.4%, stem: 52.3%). The main components of essential oils own to S. pandurifolius were α-cuprenene (30.7%) in flower, α-zingiberene (16.1%) in leaf and γ- curcumene (14.9%) in stem. Terpene related compounds were in minor amounts in all parts (flower: 1.4%, leaf: 1.5%, stem: 1.9%) of the S. pandurifolius . Also there was no monoterpene hydrocarbons and oxygenated monoterpenes in the essential oil of the stem. In addition, antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Effect of Small Ruminant Grazing on the Plant Community Characteristics of Semiarid Mediterranean Ecosystems
    INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURE & BIOLOGY ISSN Print: 1560–8530; ISSN Online: 1814–9596 09–104/MSA/2009/11–6–681–689 http://www.fspublishers.org Full Length Article Effect of Small Ruminant Grazing on the Plant Community Characteristics of Semiarid Mediterranean Ecosystems MOUNIR LOUHAICHI1, AMIN K. SALKINI AND STEVEN L. PETERSEN† International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas (ICARDA), Aleppo, Syria †Plant and Animal Sciences Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA 1Corresponding author’s e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT Rangeland degradation has been widespread and severe throughout the Syrian steppe as a result of both unfavorable environmental conditions and human induced impacts. To explore the effectiveness of management-based strategies on establishing sustainable rangeland development, we compared the response of temporarily removing grazing from rangelands ecosystems to those under a continuous heavy grazing regime. Results indicated that ungrazed sites had both higher biomass production and plant species composition than grazed sites. Ungrazed plots produced more than fourfold herbaceous biomass production than continuously grazed plots (p < 0.001). Extent of plant cover was 20% greater in ungrazed plots than grazed plots (33.5 & 13.5%, respectively). Furthermore areas protected from heavy grazing had over 200% greater species composition. Thus, protection from grazing can increase forage production and species composition, but may not necessarily improve plant species available for livestock utilization. A more balanced grazing management approach is recommended to achieve an optimal condition of biomass production (quantity), vegetation cover, quality and available forage species that contribute to proving livestock grazing conditions. Key Words: Vegetation sampling; Overgrazing; Species diversity; Semiarid; Steppe INTRODUCTION population.
    [Show full text]
  • The Tachinid Times
    The Tachinid Times ISSUE 24 February 2011 Jim O’Hara, editor Invertebrate Biodiversity Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada ISSN 1925-3435 (Print) C.E.F., Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, K1A 0C6 ISSN 1925-3443 (Online) Correspondence: [email protected] or [email protected] My thanks to all who have contributed to this year’s announcement before the end of January 2012. This news- issue of The Tachinid Times. This is the largest issue of the letter accepts submissions on all aspects of tachinid biology newsletter since it began in 1988, so there still seems to be and systematics, but please keep in mind that this is not a a place between peer-reviewed journals and Internet blogs peer-reviewed journal and is mainly intended for shorter for a medium of this sort. This year’s issue has a diverse news items that are of special interest to persons involved assortment of articles, a few announcements, a listing of in tachinid research. Student submissions are particularly recent literature, and a mailing list of subscribers. The welcome, especially abstracts of theses and accounts of Announcements section is more sizable this year than usual studies in progress or about to begin. I encourage authors and I would like to encourage readers to contribute to this to illustrate their articles with colour images, since these section in the future. This year it reproduces the abstracts add to the visual appeal of the newsletter and are easily of two recent theses (one a Ph.D. and the other a M.Sc.), incorporated into the final PDF document.
    [Show full text]
  • In Vitro Effect of Plant Parts Extract of Senecio Glaucus L. on Pathogenic Bacteria
    Article Volume 12, Issue 3, 2022, 3800 - 3810 https://doi.org/10.33263/BRIAC123.38003810 In Vitro Effect of Plant Parts Extract of Senecio glaucus L. on Pathogenic Bacteria Mohammed Sabry Sultan 1 , Ashraf Elsayed 1 , Yasser Ahmed El-Amir 1,* 1 Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.E.); Scopus Author ID 55791223000 Received: 1.04.2021; Revised: 15.05.2021; Accepted: 19.05.2021; Published: 13.08.2021 Abstract: Senecio glaucus L. is an annual herb that grows in several Egyptian desert habitats. The diversity of habitats inhabited by this species, as well as its distribution, chemical composition, and biological activity, are all unknown. This research aimed to examine the chemical composition of S. glaucus from various environments in Egypt, as well as the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. The general assessment of the analytical results for different parts of S. glaucus showed that the capitula and leaves in both inland and coastal samples were rich in bioactive constituents than the other parts as following (capitula > leaf > root > stem). Based on the results of IC50, the antioxidant properties of the eight parts of two samples follows the sequence capitula ˃ root ˃ leaf ˃ stem for the coastal sample, and capitula ˃ leaf ˃ stem ˃ root for the inland sample. The IC50 values ranged from 25.94 to 41.20 mg/ml in coastal sample, where the IC50 values ranged from 28.02 to 42.83 mg/ml in desert sample, compared to ascorbic acid (IC50 = 13.30 mg/ml). The antimicrobial potential of MeOH extracts of S.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnopharmacological Study of Native Medicinal Plants and the Impact Of
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Ethnopharmacological study of native medicinal plants and the impact of pastoralism on their loss in arid to semiarid ecosystems of southeastern Iran Mohsen Sharafatmandrad * & Azam Khosravi Mashizi The purpose of this study was to gather ethnopharmacological information on plants used by the pastorals of southeastern Iran. The relationships between ecological value of the plant species and ethnobotanical indices were investigated. The loss of medicinal plants and its efective factors were also determined under nomadism and sedentary pastoralism. Ethnopharmacological information of plants was collected through interviews with 85 local people including nomads (43%) and sedentary pastorals (57%). Ethnobotanical indices including relative frequency of citation (RFC), relative importance (RI), cultural value (CV), and use value (UV) were estimated. Canopy cover and density of plant species were measured at 60 sampling plots in the exclosure, nomadic rangelands and sedentary pastorals rangelands. The Importance Value Index (IVI) and Relative Loss Index (RL) were estimated for both nomadic and sedentary pastoral rangelands. Pearson correlation coefcient was used to investigate the relationship between ethnobotanical indices and IVI of plant species. The Bayesian networks was used to investigate the relationship between ethnobotanical indices and plant species loss. In total, 156 medicinal plant species of 50 families were identifed in the region by locals. Positive correlation was observed between ethnobotanical indices (RFC and RI) and ecological index (IVI). The mean decline of the ecological importance of medicinal species in sedentary pastoral rangelands was approximately three times higher than in nomadic rangelands. Bayesian networks showed that cultural value, seed exploitation and aerial parts exploitation had direct relationships with species loss in both nomadic and sedentary pastoral rangelands.
    [Show full text]
  • Prof. Dr. Zakaria Awad Mohamed Baka Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Damietta
    Curriculum Vitae Prof. Dr. Zakaria Awad Mohamed Baka Botany Department, Faculty of Science, University of Damietta Personal Data Name: Prof. Dr. Zakaria Awad Mohamed Baka Field: Microbiology (Mycology and Plant Pathology) Highest Education: Ph. D. Degree from Univ. of Sheffield, Gt. Britain (Dec., 1987). Date & place of birth: 7.6.1952 - Damietta, Egypt. Marital status: Married with three kids. Present address: Botany Dept., Faculty of Science, University of Damietta, New Damietta, P. O.Box 34517, Egypt. Telephone Number: (H) 057/2405157. (W) 057/2403980 Ext. 128, (M): 01274645406; 01024242955 E-mail: [email protected] & [email protected] & [email protected] Academic Degrees: - B. Sc. (Special Botany), May, 1975, Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - M. Sc. (Microbiology), April, 1981, Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - Ph. D.(Microbiology, Mycology and Plant Pathology), Dec., 1987, Univ. of Sheffield, Gt. Britain Professional Background: - Demonstrator (May, 1975 - Mar., 1981), Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - Lecturer (Mar., 1981 - Apr., 1988), Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - Assistant Professor (Apr., 1988 - July, 1993), Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - Associate Professor (July 1993-Dec., 1998), Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. - Professor (Dec., 1998 up till now), Univ. of Mansoura, Egypt. Postdoctoral Fellowships: - Botanical Institute, Univ. of Bergen, Norway (July-Sept. 1990). - Faculty of Pure Science, Univ. of Sheffield, Gt. Britain (Sept.-Dec. 1990). - Dept. of Plant Pathology, Univ. of California at Riverside, U. S. A. (Nov. 1991-Apr.,1992). - Botanical Institute, Univ. of Bergen, Norway (July-Sept.1994). - Faculty of Pure Science, Univ. of Sheffield, Gt. Britain (August, 1996). Grants and Awards: 1-Overseas Research Students Award (O.R.S.) for 3 years (1984-1987) from British Government during the study of Ph.
    [Show full text]
  • Dissertation
    DISSERTATION Titel der Dissertation Comparative analysis of high-alpine and subnival vegetation of mountain ecosystems in Iran (Alborz and NW-Iran) and assessing the impacts of climate change and land-use verfasst von Jalil Noroozi Eshlaghi angestrebter akademischer Grad Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) Wien, 2013 Studienkennzahl lt. Studienblatt: A 094 437 Dissertationsgebiet lt. Studienblatt: Biologie Betreut von: Univ.-Prof. Dr. Georg Grabherr Acknowledgment I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor, Prof. Georg Grabherr, who gave me the opportunity to come to Austria for my PhD study at the University of Vienna and work within the GLORIA long-term observation programme. I am deeply grateful to Harald Pauli who assisted my thesis and helped me scientifically and morally during deferent processes of the thesis. Wolfgang Willner is particularly acknowledged for supervising the vegetation task of my thesis and spending a long time to help me to publish the vegetation papers. I thank all members of GLORIA team in Vienna (Michael Gottfried, Christian Klettner, Sonya Laimer, Andrea Lamprecht and Sophie Niessner) and also members of Faculty Centre of Biodiversity for their help and reception through these years. Ernst Vitek and Walter Till, the curators of the Herbaria W and WU, respectively, are acknowledged for their help to access the plant specimens from my study area. I thank Norbert Sauberer (Gramineae), Prof F. Ehrendorfer (Rubiaceae), Prof. D. Podlech (Astragalus), Adolf Polatschek (Erysimum), Bruno Wallnöfer (Carex) and Hildemar Scholtz (Festuca and Bromus) for determination of certain critical taxa. Many thanks go to Stefan Schindler for his helps during my accommodation in Vienna.
    [Show full text]
  • Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of the Essential Oils from Senecio Longiscapus Bojer Leaves (Asteraceae)
    Chemical composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of the essential oils from Senecio longiscapus Bojer leaves (Asteraceae) Razafimaharavo Herimanana, Razafiarimanga Zara Nomentsoa, Randriamampianina Lovarintsoa Judicael, Randrianarivo Hanitra Ranjana, Rakoto Danielle Aurore Doll and Jeannoda Victor Louis * Laboratory of Applied Biochemistry to Medical Sciences, Fundamental and Applied Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, University of Antananarivo, P. O. Box 906, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 2021, 07(02), 009–018 Publication history: Received on 28 June 2021; revised on 02 August 2021; accepted on 04 August 2021 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2021.7.2.0079 Abstract The present work aims to study the chemical composition and the antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of the essential oil of Senecio longiscapus (SLEO) leaves. SLEO was extracted from fresh leaves by hydrodistillation with a yield of 3%. It is clear, yellow, with a relative density of 0.7466 at 20°C, a refractive index of 1.4959, an optical rotation of +3°47, an acid number of 1.53 and an ester number of 12.49. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis of the SLEO identified 17 components, representing more than 99.09% of the overall composition. The main component of SLEO was sabinene (53.28%) and elemicin (15%), β-pinene (9.85%), methyleugenol (5.58%), α-pinene (4.84%) and mircene (2.37%) were the major components. At 7.48 mg/disk, SLEO inhibited the growth of all germs tested including four GRAM (+) and five GRAM (-) bacteria and one yeast. The zones of inhibition (ZI) ranged from 12 mm (Yersinia enterolitica) to 40 mm (Bacillus subtilis).
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist of Poisonous Plants and Animals in Aja Mountain, Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia
    Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(3): 2217-2225, 2009 ISSN 1991-8178 Checklist of Poisonous Plants and Animals in Aja Mountain, Ha'il Region, Saudi Arabia Sherif M. Sharawy and Ahmed M. Alshammari Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Ha'il University, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia Abstract: The study was carried out to list the poisonous plants and animals in Aja Mountain. This area is located in the western part of Hail region (KSA) between Ha'il town and the Al-nafud desert. The data of 65 poisonous plants species is included in this study; these plants are belonging to 30 families represented by one species from Fungi group, one species from Thallophytes, five species belonging to three Monocotyledons plants and the remaining recorded species belongs to different Dicotyledons families. Information regarding their vernacular name, botanical name, family name, toxic parts and their symptoms are listed in this checklist. For the poisonous animals; the study revealed that, five species of the poisonous snakes were recorded at Aja Mountain (Ha'il). These snakes species belong to four families; Malpolon moilensis (Colubridae), Atractaspis microlepidota engaddensis (Atractaspididae), Walterinnesia aegyptia (Elapidae), Cerastes gasperettii, and Echis coloratus (Viperidae). For the scorpions, two species were recorded as poisonous animals belonging to the family Buthidae; Leiurus quinquestriatus and Androctonus crassicauda. Key words: Checklist, poisonous, plants, animals, Aja mountain, Ha'il region, Saudi Arabia INTRODUCTION Aja mountain is situated between Ha'il town and the Al-nafud desert. It is the largest mountain in Hail Region. Aja mountain is relatively excellent area for pasturage over the years (Blunt, 1881).
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution to the Eco-Palynological Studies of Wadi El Natron, Egypt
    International Journal of Paleobiology & Paleontology ISSN: 2642-1283 MEDWIN PUBLISHERS Committed to Create Value for researchers Contribution to the Eco-Palynological Studies of Wadi El Natron, Egypt Azzazy MF1* and Marco AVC2 Research Article 1Surveys of Natural Resources Department, University of Sadat City, Egypt Volume 3 Issue 1 2Postgraduate Interuniversity School in Human Evolution, University of Burgos, Burgos, Spain Received Date: December 05, 2019 Published Date: February 14, 2020 *Corresponding author: Mohamed Fathi Azzazi, Surveys of Natural Resources Department, Environmental Studies and Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt; Email: [email protected] Abstract pollen content dating Late Pliocene to present. Results revealed predominance of Mangroves vegetation Avicennia marina Palynological study of three soil profiles has been carried out from the Wadi El-Natrun area, Western Desert of Egypt for their during Late Pliocene, and, Early Pleistocene. A warm humid climate with intermittent dry periods is indicated from the Late Pliocene recorded fossils. Fossil remains of Juncus and Salsola pollen types. Lycopodium spores, Pinus and Concentricystes spores were recorded during Late Pliocene and Holocene, Early Pleistocene which suggest a humid and warm climate at this by the presence of grasess (Poaceae) and (conifer, Pinus). Swamp elements, Typha and phragmites pollen types were recorded period. The climate was warm arid alternating with warm humid and sometimes cool-temperate rainy periods as indicated with high percentage indicating a swampy habitat during Holocene period. The present vegetation cover of the studied area represented by 27 species belonging to 12 families, 4 annuals and 23 perennial plants and a few individuals of Acacia, Tamarix type the most dominant shrubs, followed by associate types e.g halophytes Salsola, Zygophyllum, Cornulaca and few of annuals Senecio and Sonchus which represent mesophytic species, while the differences in vegetation of present and old may due to the environmental and climatic changes.
    [Show full text]
  • Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Senecio Glaucus - Mediated Silver Nanoparticles
    ISSN: 0975-8585 Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences Green Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Senecio glaucus - Mediated Silver Nanoparticles. YA El-Amier1, AM Abdelghany2*, and A Abed Zaid1. 1Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt. 2Spectroscopy department, Physics Division, National Research Center, Dokki, 12311, Cairo, Egypt. ABSTRACT Silver nano particles (AgNPs) was synthesized using extract of Senecio glaucus extraxt. The effect of extract source on the shape of the Ag nanoparticles and antibacterial activity are investigated. The nature of AgNPs synthesized was analyzed by UV–vis spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Silver nanoparticles were found to have an average size of 15-20 nm and mostly spherical. The antibacterial potential of modified extract containing synthesized AgNPs was compared with that of pure extract by cup plate method. Antibacterial activity of modified plant extract was reported and evaluated against drug resistant of bacterial isolates. Modified shoot extract gives higher response than that of modified root extract which facilitate them as a good alternative therapeutic approach in future. Phytochemical analysis revealed that Senecio glaucus extract act as reducing and stabilizing agent for synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Keywords: Silver Nanoparticle; Senecio glaucus; Green synthesis *Corresponding author September - October 2014 RJPBCS 5(5) Page No. 631 ISSN: 0975-8585 INTRODUCTION Wild plants are vital components of ecosystems. Plants supply animals with food, medicinal uses, recycle nutrients essential for agriculture and help to produce and maintain fertile soil [1]. Green synthesis of nanoparticles as an emerging intersection of nanotechnology and biotechnology has received increased attention due to growing need to develop environmentally benign technologies in material synthesis [2].
    [Show full text]