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The Science of the Séance: the Scientific Theory of the Spiritualist Movement in Victorian America
1 Hannah Gramson Larry Lipin HIST 491 March 6, 2013 The Science of the Seance: The Scientific Theory of the Spiritualist Movement in Victorian America In 1869, twenty one years after the first “spirit rappings” were heard in the bedroom of two young girls in upstate New York, a well-known Spiritualist medium by the name of Emma Hardinge Britten wrote a book that chronicled the first two decades of a religion she characterized as uniquely American, and what made this religion exceptional was its basis in scientific theory. “[We] are not aware of any other country than America,” Britten claimed, “where a popular religion thus appeals to the reason and requires its votaries to do their own thinking, or of any other denomination than 'American Spiritualists' who base their belief on scientific facts, proven by living witnesses.”1 Britten went on to claim that, as a “unique, concrete, and...isolated movement,” Spiritualism demanded “from historic justice a record as full, complete, and independent, as itself.”2 Yet, despite the best efforts of Spiritualism's followers to carve out a place for it alongside the greatest scientific discoveries in human history, Spiritualism remains a little understood and often mocked religion that, to those who are ignorant 1 Emma Hardinge Britten, Modern American Spiritualism: A Twenty Years' Record of the Communion Between Earth and the World of Spirits,(New York, 1869) 2 Britten, Modern American Spiritualism 2 of it, remains a seemingly paradoxical movement. Although it might be difficult for some to comprehend today, prior to the Civil War, religion and science were not considered adversaries by any means, but rather, were understood to be traveling down a shared path, with ultimately the same destination. -
The History Spiritualism
THE HISTORY of SPIRITUALISM by ARTHUR CONAN DOYLE, M.D., LL.D. former President d'Honneur de la Fédération Spirite Internationale, President of the London Spiritualist Alliance, and President of the British College of Psychic Science Volume One With Seven Plates PSYCHIC PRESS LTD First edition 1926 To SIR OLIVER LODGE, M.S. A great leader both in physical and in psychic science In token of respect This work is dedicated PREFACE This work has grown from small disconnected chapters into a narrative which covers in a way the whole history of the Spiritualistic movement. This genesis needs some little explanation. I had written certain studies with no particular ulterior object save to gain myself, and to pass on to others, a clear view of what seemed to me to be important episodes in the modern spiritual development of the human race. These included the chapters on Swedenborg, on Irving, on A. J. Davis, on the Hydesville incident, on the history of the Fox sisters, on the Eddys and on the life of D. D. Home. These were all done before it was suggested to my mind that I had already gone some distance in doing a fuller history of the Spiritualistic movement than had hitherto seen the light - a history which would have the advantage of being written from the inside and with intimate personal knowledge of those factors which are characteristic of this modern development. It is indeed curious that this movement, which many of us regard as the most important in the history of the world since the Christ episode, has never had a historian from those who were within it, and who had large personal experience of its development. -
Downloaded from Manchesterhive.Com at 10/02/2021 09:06:47AM Via Free Access 90 Bridget Bennett Serious Scholarship That Has Been Done on Spiritualism to Date
5 Crossing over: spiritualism and the Atlantic divide Bridget Bennett A joke has it that spiritualists first crossed the water in order to get to the other side. Despite its obvious shortcomings, it does suggest a more serious imperative: the investigation of how reading nineteenth-century spiritualism within a transatlantic context might be a highly revelatory activity, might indeed reveal something more interesting than we have hitherto considered about what crossing the Atlantic meant to spiritual- ists. Nineteenth-century spiritualism is routinely described as a phenom- enon that originated in the United States and spread first across the Atlantic and then world-wide. In this essay I will argue that a transatlan- tic focus challenges existing orthodoxies and suggests new areas of inves- tigation. Yet in describing this agenda for reading spiritualism I am conscious that this chapter asks more questions than it answers (and may, at times, seem to raise issues and give examples only to move elsewhere). Though many American and British spiritualists were more interested in the site of the seance, and the revelations it might contain, rather than its cultural origins, the same cannot be said for many historians of spiri- tualism. A number of historians have argued that spiritualism emerged in America as a discrete cultural phenomenon which needs to be read within its American context in order to make sense of its myth of origin – the ‘Rochester rappings’ of 1848. In such interpretations, American spiritual- ism is read as a culturally specific form that arises from a number of local geographical, cultural and political factors.1 Such an approach, however, does not sufficiently account for the complexities of spiritualism’s inher- itance; it does not consider the heterogeneity of a movement that draws from both sides of the Atlantic, and from European Christian traditions as well as Native American religious practices and, crucially, from the religious beliefs of slaves. -
Works Like a Charm: the Occult Resistance of Nineteenth-Century American Literature
WORKS LIKE A CHARM: THE OCCULT RESISTANCE OF NINETEENTH-CENTURY AMERICAN LITERATURE by Noelle Victoria Dubay A dissertation submitted to Johns Hopkins University in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Baltimore, Maryland August 2020 Abstract Works like a Charm: The Occult Resistance of Nineteenth-Century American Literature finds that the question of whether power could work by occult means—whether magic was real, in other words—was intimately tied, in post-Revolutionary America, to the looming specter of slave revolt. Through an examination of a variety of materials—trial narratives, slave codes, novels and short stories, pamphlets, popular occult ephemera—I argue that U.S. planters and abolitionists alike were animated by reports that spiritual leaders boasting supernatural power headed major rebellions across the Caribbean, most notably in British-ruled Jamaica and French-ruled Saint-Domingue. If, in William Wells Brown’s words, the conjurer or root-doctor of the southern plantation had the power to live as though he was “his own master,” might the same power be capable of toppling slavery’s regimes altogether? This question crossed political lines, as proslavery lawmakers and magistrates as well as antislavery activists sought to describe, manage, and appropriate the threat posed by black conjuration without affirming its claims to supernatural power. Works like a Charm thus situates the U.S. alongside other Atlantic sites of what I call “occult resistance”—a deliberately ambivalent phrase meant to register both the documented use of occult practices to resist slavery and the plantocracy’s resistance to the viability of countervailing powers occulted (i.e., hidden) from their regimes of knowledge—at the same time as it argues that anxiety over African-derived insurrectionary practices was a key factor in the supposed secularization of the West. -
The Science of Mediumship and the Evidence of Survival
Rollins College Rollins Scholarship Online Master of Liberal Studies Theses 2009 The cS ience of Mediumship and the Evidence of Survival Benjamin R. Cox III [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls Recommended Citation Cox, Benjamin R. III, "The cS ience of Mediumship and the Evidence of Survival" (2009). Master of Liberal Studies Theses. 31. http://scholarship.rollins.edu/mls/31 This Open Access is brought to you for free and open access by Rollins Scholarship Online. It has been accepted for inclusion in Master of Liberal Studies Theses by an authorized administrator of Rollins Scholarship Online. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Science of Mediumship and the Evidence of Survival A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Liberal Studies by Benjamin R. Cox, III April, 2009 Mentor: Dr. J. Thomas Cook Rollins College Hamilton Holt School Master of Liberal Studies Winter Park, Florida This project is dedicated to Nathan Jablonski and Richard S. Smith Table of Contents Introduction ............................................................................................... 1 The Science of Mediumship.................................................................... 11 The Case of Leonora E. Piper ................................................................ 33 The Case of Eusapia Palladino............................................................... 45 My Personal Experience as a Seance Medium Specializing -
Psypioneer Journals
PSYPIONEER F JOURNAL Edited by Founded by Leslie Price Archived by Paul J. Gaunt Garth Willey EST Amalgamation of Societies Volume 9, No. —12:~§~— December 2013 —~§~— 354 – 1944- Mrs Duncan Criticised by Spiritualists – Compiled by Leslie Price 360 – Correction- Mrs Duncan and Mrs Dundas 361 – The Major Mowbray Mystery – Leslie Price 363 – The Spiritualist Community Again – Light 364 – The Golden Years of the Spiritualist Association – Geoffrey Murray 365 – Continued – “One Hundred Years of Spiritualism” – Roy Stemman 367 – The Human Double – Psychic Science 370 – Five Experiments with Miss Kate Goligher by Mr. S. G. Donaldson 377 – The Confession of Dr Crawford – Leslie Price 380 – Emma Hardinge Britten, Beethoven, and the Spirit Photographer William H Mumler – Emma Hardinge Britten 386 – Leslie’s seasonal Quiz 387 – Some books we have reviewed 388 – How to obtain this Journal by email ============================= Psypioneer would like to extend its best wishes to all its readers and contributors for the festive season and the coming New Year 353 1944 - MRS DUNCAN CRITICISED BY SPIRITUALISTS The prosecution of Mrs Duncan aroused general Spiritualist anger. But an editorial in the monthly LIGHT, published by the London Spiritualist Alliance, and edited by H.J.D. Murton, struck a very discordant note:1 The Case of Mrs. Duncan AT the Old Bailey, on Friday, March 31st, after a trial lasting seven days, Mrs. Helen Duncan, with three others, was convicted of conspiring to contravene Section 4 of the Witchcraft Act of 1735, and of pretending to exercise conjuration. There were also other charges of causing money to be paid by false pretences and creating a public mischief, but after finding the defendants guilty of the conspiracy the jury were discharged from giving verdicts on the other counts. -
Psypioneer V3 N3 Mar 2007
PSYPIONEER Founded by Leslie Price Editor Paul J. Gaunt Volume 3, No 3; March 2007 Available as an Electronic Newsletter Highlights of this issue: The Failure of Spiritualism in the Past - Herbert Thurston 48 A Japanese Spiritualist: - Mr. Wasaburo Asano 57 A Comparatively Unimportant Matter – Leslie Price 58 Further light on Emma’s lost book and marriage 60 Early Spiritualism in England Continued: - Mediumship of Mrs. Everitt 61 Psychic Phenomena in New York Times – Carlos S. Alvarado 64 Letters from Mr. J. J. Morse, letter XI 67 Article correction 70 How to obtain this Newsletter by email 71 ========================================= ‘Modern Spiritualism’ by Herbert Thurston Note by Psypioneer: - Last year, the Jesuit British Province Treasurer graciously gave permission for Psypioneer Newsletter to reproduce two papers by Fr Herbert Thurston on the No War prophecies of 1939, one from “The Month” and one from “The Tablet.” These were duly included in Psypioneer September 20061, which is archived on line. We now begin to reprint the entire four lectures of Fr Thurston’s “Modern Spiritualism” (Sheed and Ward 1928. Twelvepenny Series.) which cover about 90 pages. Our intention would be to include one lecture in each of four successive issues of Psypioneer. Once again we are grateful to the Treasurer. Copyright in Fr Thurston's work is held by the British Province of the Society of Jesus. The full text of this and of the following three articles in subsequent issues is reproduced by virtue of written permission given to Psypioneer News. The first lecture gives details of the grand prophecies of new era made in 1848-52 when Modern Spiritualism started. -
SEERSHIP; Guide to Soul Sight
SEERSHIP; Guide to Soul Sight A practical guide for those who aspire to develop the vision of the Soul. and The Magic Mirror and How to Use It By Paschal Beverly Randolph 1825-1875 Published by The Confederation of Initiates Beverly Hall, Quakertown, Pa. SEERSHIP; Guide to Soul Sight © 1930 A practical guide for those who aspire to develop the vision of the Soul. and The Magic Mirror and How to Use It By Paschal Beverly Randolph 1825-1875 Published by The Confederation of Initiates Beverly Hall, Quakertown, Pa. Paschal Beverly Randolph, Physician, Philosopher, world traveller, Supreme Grand Master of the Fraternitas Rose Crucis; Hierarch of Eulis and the Ansaireh, member of L'Ordre du Lis of France; the Double Eagle of Prussia, and Order of the Rose of England, was born in the city of New York, October 8, 1825. CONTENTS Introduction and Notes by R. Swinburne Clymer, M.D. Preface by Dr. Allan F. Odell Chapter I Seership or Soul Sight Chapter II Theory and Practice; The Magic Mirror Chapter III Magical Arts; Making Magical Mirrors INTRODUCTION AND NOTES Seership is the work of an Orientalist, which term is commonly understood to mean, either one who has been born in the mystic east or one who, due to the possession of a mind easily capable of comprehending the thoughts and feelings of these people, and deeply in sympathy with them, can express their thoughts and emotions as effectively as if they were native to itself. Dr Randolph first conceived the idea of writing such a book as Seership about the year 1850, about the time of his first visit to Paris; this much he tells us himself. -
Paschal Beverly Randolph
American Communal Societies Quarterly Volume 9 Number 3 Pages 229-234 July 2015 Hamilton College Library "Home Notes" Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.hamilton.edu/acsq This work is made available by Hamilton College for educational and research purposes under a Creative Commons BY-NC-ND 4.0 license. For more information, visit http://digitalcommons.hamilton.edu/about.html or contact [email protected]. et al.: Hamilton College Library "Home Notes" Paschal Beverly Randolph The cover of this issue of ACSQ features the gilt-stamped decoration on the cover of Paschal Beverly Randolph’s book Eulis!: The History of Love. Randolph’s emblem of a winged globe represents the soul. The admonition “TRY!” encouraged spiritual seekers toward clairvoyance, or personal unity with, and experience of, his conceived “soul world.” Randolph’s writings influenced Madame Blavatsky and the Hermetic Brotherhood of Luxor, and form the foundation of late-nineteenth and early-twentieth century occultism. Hamilton College recently added a number of titles by Randolph to the Communal Societies Collection. Paschal Beverly Randolph (1825-1875) was born in New York City to mixed-race parents. After a rough childhood in the notorious Five Points neighborhood he worked as a sailor and barber. After he returned to the United States in 1855, he lived in the Upstate New York town of Stockbridge on land owned by abolitionist Gerrit Smith, and then in Utica. Randolph married an African-American woman with whom he had three children. In the late 1850s and early 1860s he traveled to Europe and the Near East where he made contact with many in the Spiritualist movement, as well as practical occultists. -
Fragile Spectres: How Women of Victorian Britain Used the Occult
FRAGILE SPECTRES: HOW WOMEN OF VICTORIAN BRITAIN USED THE OCCULT AND SPIRITUALIST MOVEMENT TO CREATE AUTONOMY A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences Florida Gulf Coast University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the Degree of Master of Arts By Danielle Jean Drew 2017 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Danielle Jean Drew Approved: April 19, 2017 Committee Chair / Advisor Committee Member 1 Committee Member 2 Committee Member 3 The final copy of this thesis has been examined by the signatories, and we find that both the content and the form meet acceptable presentation standards of scholarly work in the above mentioned discipline. 1 Table of Contents Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 4 Chapter 1 11 The Spiritualist Movement in London Chapter 2 24 The Lady and the Medium: Spiritualism and Women in the Nineteenth Century Chapter 3 37 Middle Class Mediums: A New Vocation for Victorian Women Chapter 4 50 Finding New Life in Art: Medium and Artist Georgiana Houghton Chapter 5 66 Medium, Editor, and Inspiration: Emma Hardinge Britten and the Spiritualist Movement Chapter 6 83 Rosa Campbell Praed: Theosophy, Feminism, Authorship, and Autonomy at the Turn of the Century Conclusion 98 Bibliography 102 2 Acknowledgements There are many people that I am grateful to and would like to acknowledge in the completion of this Master’s thesis. The first thank you belongs to my mother, who has supported me emotionally and mentally through these past two years, providing me with words of wisdom and encouragement when I wanted to give up. -
Spiritualism and the Atlantic Divide Bridget Bennett
5 Crossing over: spiritualism and the Atlantic divide Bridget Bennett A joke has it that spiritualists first crossed the water in order to get to the other side. Despite its obvious shortcomings, it does suggest a more serious imperative: the investigation of how reading nineteenth-century spiritualism within a transatlantic context might be a highly revelatory activity, might indeed reveal something more interesting than we have hitherto considered about what crossing the Atlantic meant to spiritual- ists. Nineteenth-century spiritualism is routinely described as a phenom- enon that originated in the United States and spread first across the Atlantic and then world-wide. In this essay I will argue that a transatlan- tic focus challenges existing orthodoxies and suggests new areas of inves- tigation. Yet in describing this agenda for reading spiritualism I am conscious that this chapter asks more questions than it answers (and may, at times, seem to raise issues and give examples only to move elsewhere). Though many American and British spiritualists were more interested in the site of the seance, and the revelations it might contain, rather than its cultural origins, the same cannot be said for many historians of spiri- tualism. A number of historians have argued that spiritualism emerged in America as a discrete cultural phenomenon which needs to be read within its American context in order to make sense of its myth of origin – the ‘Rochester rappings’ of 1848. In such interpretations, American spiritual- ism is read as a culturally specific form that arises from a number of local geographical, cultural and political factors.1 Such an approach, however, does not sufficiently account for the complexities of spiritualism’s inher- itance; it does not consider the heterogeneity of a movement that draws from both sides of the Atlantic, and from European Christian traditions as well as Native American religious practices and, crucially, from the religious beliefs of slaves. -
Cults and Societies in Fin De Siècle Literature
SUMMARY Summary of Thesis submitted for Ph.D. degree by Sarah Jane Berry on Seeking God by Strange Ways: Cults and Societies in fin de siècle literature The general consensus regarding the role of Christianity at the fin de siècle is that while it did not cease to exist, technological and scientific advances had eroded the faith of many educated Victorians. Here, the term “seeking” suggests a spiritual journey with the aim of attaining a true understanding of the universe, which in occult circles is called esoteric knowledge or “gnosis”. One of the purposes of this thesis is to demonstrate how “seeking God by strange ways” in fin de siècle literature is a spiritual rite of passage to locate God in man and involves “lifting the veil” between this world and the spiritual realm. The late nineteenth century traveller seeking God enters a “period of margin” or transitional phase between two fixed states. As liminality is characterized by transformation or a process of “becoming”, some liminal beings live outside their normal environment and raise questions concerning their self, the existing social order and “the new hedonism”. The novels and authors featured here have been chosen to illustrate this thesis because they describe alternative religious cults and societies and spiritual rites of passage, while exploring social and cultural transitions. This exploration often brings with it abjection, marginalization and alienation. In addition to raising questions of “gender inversion”, sexual equality with notions of the “equalization of women and men” and “psychic androgyny”, the occult and mystical revival laid great stress on individual evolution and perfection.