OPDC Environmental Standards Study April 2017 DRAFT © OPDC except where stated otherwise. This report takes into account the particular instructions and requirements of our client and its contents have been prepared and are intended solely for their information and use. Atkins Ltd assumes no responsibility to any other party in respect of or arising outDRAFT of or in connection with this document and/or its contents. OPDC Environmental Standards Study Contents Contents Executive 1. 2. 3. 4. Summary Introduction Vision and Issues and Environmental Objectives Opportunities Performance Pages 3-16 Pages 17-23 Pages 25-29 Pages 31-51 Pages 53-112 5. 6. 7. 8. Appendices Environmental Application of Case Study Conclusions and Quality and Guidance Analysis Recommend- Resilience ations Pages 113-170 Pages 171-187 Pages 189-200 Pages 201-205 Pages 207- Green Energy Waste Materials Carbon Water Air Infrastructure & Resilience Biodiversity DRAFT 1 DRAFT OPDC Environmental Standards Study Executive Summary Executive Summary DRAFT 3 OPDC Environmental Standards Study Executive Summary 4 DRAFT OPDC Environmental Standards Study Executive Summary Executive Summary Environmental Vision Introduction It is the aspiration of the Old Oak and Park Substantial reductions in transport construction and operation. There is already a To be a flagship low carbon, Royal Development Corporation (OPDC) related emissions are achievable with a tradition of waste recycling in the OPDC site. resource efficient development to deliver a new part of London that is an fully integrated approach to urban form, A number of waste recycling facilities exist in which is resilient to climate change exemplar in environmental sustainability, movement, open space, green infrastructure Old Oak and Park Royal. and promotes smart and healthy and realise the wider investment potential and microclimate across the site, rooted behaviours, environmental health and from the HS2 and Crossrail transport in Transit Oriented Development (TOD) There is a huge opportunity at Old Oak and mental and physical wellbeing. infrastructure projects. Atkins was tasked principles, with the aim of maximising non Park Royal to promote a local economy based with the development of a set of aspirational freight movement by public transport, non- on ‘Circular Economy’ principles, which is and deliverable environmental sustainability motorised modes and zero/low emission waste free and which through recycling and Old Oak targets that will enable all future development vehicles. re-processing resources ensures that products across the Old Oak Common and Park Royal and materials are kept at their highest • Exemplar model of high density, sites to be exemplar in construction and Reducing emissions from waste disposal will utility for as long as possible with minimal compact, mixed use operation. centre on minimising waste sent to landfill associated carbon emissions. To achieve • Climate responsive design and maximising recycling and composting, this zero waste ambition, the focus will be The OPDC area has been identified to have with low carbon energy generation from on maximising recycling and composting • Fossil fuelled car free the capacity to deliver a minimum additional incineration of the remainder. of recyclable/compostable waste, and neighbourhood 26,000 homes and indicative 59,000 jobs, maximising carbon efficient generation of • Multi-function, multi-benefit green representing London and the UK’s largest To achieve an ambition of operational zero energy from the residual waste. infrastructure regeneration project. At over 120ha of carbon for Old Oak, in the short-medium developable land, Old Oak provides particular term there is likely to be a need to offset The Challenge of Super Density • Carbon positive, zero waste, and significant net carbon emissions, either biodiversity positive opportunities for a range of supporting uses. Providing high quality and sustainable through onsite or offsite sequestration, other housing at the very high residential densities Our approach has been to provide strategic, designated offsite carbon reduction initiatives proposed at Old Oak presents a number of smart and conceptual thinking that defines or carbon pricing. In the longer term, as the interrelated challenges. Serious consideration Park Royal what OPDC is trying to achieve and provides carbon intensity of grid electricity is expected needs to be given to housing families the rationale and high level evidence to to fall and energy efficiencies increase, it may with children above ground level. To work • Low carbon high performance support the adoption of environmental goals be possible for the new development to be business park effectively in the long term, family dwellings and objectives in the emerging Local Plan. carbon positive. above ground need to offer levels of amenity • Rapidly adaptable Achieving Carbon Positive Achieving Zero Waste approaching those provided by single family • Promote walking and cycling houses at ground level. This requires private Old Oak presents an unmatched opportunity The scale of new development and • Zero/low emission freight vehicles open space of sufficient size, with adequate for creating a new model of low/zero carbon regeneration at Old Oak and Park Royal outlook, privacy and shelter. • Extensive greening development, with the potential to be a will result in very substantial amounts of • Low carbon, low waste and ground-breaking exemplar for London and municipal waste being generated and biodiversity positive the UK. of materials and resources being used in DRAFT 5 OPDC Environmental Standards Study Executive Summary Design of the public realm at the base of tall implications for ground level delivery, storage Accessible Open Space Deficiency Serious consideration should be given to buildings requires an analysis of their servicing and servicing arrangements. At basement providing a second access for pedestrians and The majority of the Old Oak site and all of needs. The success of the public realm can and podium level there is a need to balance cyclists. This could take the form of a green Wormwood Scrubs falls within the London be undermined by failing to accommodate the demands for car parking, secure cycle bridge. Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham. access for parking, refuse requirements or parking, private storage, delivery vehicles, Wormwood Scrubs is the largest publicly the need for adequate cycle storage. Where refuse collection vehicles, waste storage and Wormwood Scrubs: Biodiversity accessible space in the borough and acts as a the ground space is in intense demand, recycling, district energy facilities and plant and Greenspace Metropolitan Park. The Borough’s Parks and for example around transport hubs, it is rooms. Open Spaces Strategy 2008 – 2018 predicts Wormwood Scrubs covers almost 70 important to provide comfortable, sheltered that the demand for open space will rise as hectares and acts as an important green space, safe from traffic and removed from Roof Spaces the borough’s population increase. This will lung that provides people and wildlife with noise and fumes. At rooftop level there are competing reduce the ratio of public open space from the opportunity to enjoy green open space. demands, particularly if rooftops experience Portions of Wormwood Scrubs are designated As density increases and becomes multi- an already low 1.35ha per 1000 people to high levels of daylight. There is a need to as Local Nature Reserves and Sites of Borough tenure, there is a need to ensure there is 1.22ha per 1000. With the exception of a balance the demands for: Importance. The mosaic of habitats support more focus on the long term management few small pockets most areas of the borough a diverse range of native plants, breeding and maintenance costs at the design stage of • Private and semi-private open space in the have access to less than 1ha per 1000 people. birds and insects, including species not usually a development. Cost effective and efficient form of terraces and roof gardens with Our initial analysis demonstrates that the found in more formal parks and open spaces. management arrangements in superdense ‘intensive’ planting. draft masterplan allocates 9% of the Old Oak area to public open space (including development are essential to minimise • Rooftop mini-allotments and local food Issues civic spaces). We compared this to other services charges and aid affordability. Very production. • How to accommodate the significant similar high density, mixed use schemes dense developments, with tall towers, create number of residents and workers in • ‘Green’ roofs with restricted access and which allocate around 24% to 35% of their more intense pressure on shared space and Old Oak wanting to access the natural ‘extensive’ planting of low maintenance site area to open space. 9% is considered infrastructure and have higher management greenspace in Wormwood Scrubs without vegetation. to be insufficient to meet the recreational and maintenance costs than other typologies. any net loss in biodiversity? Service charges need to be projected in order • ‘Brown’ roofs, with low maintenance needs of the future population of Old Oak to ensure that dense developments do not gravels and aggregates used to recreate and Park Royal (including both workers and • How to balance the competing demands become unaffordable for future occupiers. brownfield habitats. residents). The lack of publicly accessible for active recreation and sport from open space within Old Oak is a key issue not