Forests Commission - Victoria Australia
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1970 VICTORIA FORESTS COMMISSION - VICTORIA AUSTRALIA FIFTY FIRST ANNUAL REPORT FINANCIAL YEAR 1969-70 ··-·--~···-···-··~ PRESENTED TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT PURSUANT TO ACT No. 6254, SECTION 35. Approzimot• Oost of &port-Prepara~lon, not given. Printing (260 eopies), $1,035.00 No. 9--8503/70.-Price 50 cents. FORESTS COMM ISS 10 N-V I CTO RIA Treasury Gardens, Melbourne, 3002. ANNUAL REPORT 1969-70 In compliance with the provisions of section 35 of the Forests Act 1958 (No. 6254) the Forests Commission has the honour to present to Parliament the following report of its activities and financial statements for the financial year 1969-70. F. R. MOULDS, Chairman. C. W. ELSEY, Commissioner. A. J. THREADER, Commissioner. F. H. TREYVAUD, Secretary. CONTENTS PAGE FEATURES 6 MANAGEMENT- Forest Area, Reserves, Surveys, Mapping, Assessment, Management Plans, Plantation Extension Planning, Forest Land Use Planning 8 0PERATIONS- Silviculture of Native Forests, Seed Collection, Softwood Plantations, Hardwood Plantations, Total Plantings, Extension Services, Utilization, Forest Engineering, Transport, Buildings, Reclamation and Conservation Works, Forest Prisons, Legal, Search and Rescue Operations, Drought Relief Works 12 ECONOMICS AND MARKETING- Features, The Timber Industry, Sawlog Production, Veneer Timber, Pulpwood, Other Forest Products, Industrial Undertakings, Other Activities 27 PROTECTION- Fire, Radio Communications, Fire Research, Biological 30 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH- Education-School of Forestry, University of Melbourne, Overseas and Other Studies ; Research-Silviculture, Management, Hydrology, Pathology, Entomology, Biological Survey, The Phasmatid-Didymuria Violescens ; Public Relations ; Publications 35 CoNFERENCES 41 ADMINISTRATION- Personnel-Staff, Industrial, Number of Employees, Worker's Compensation, Staff Training ; Methods ; Stores ; Finance 42 APPENDICES- I. Statement of Output of Produce 45 IT. Causes of Fires 46 III. Summary of Fires and Areas Burned 46 IV. Type of Area Burned in State Forests and National Parks 47 V. Classification of Fire Acreages in State Forests and National Parks 47 VI. Monthly Outbreaks of Fire 47 VII. Protection Works-Summary 48 VIII. Contracts 49 Financial Statements IX. Loan Expenditure 50 x. Statement of Revenue and Appropriated Expenditure 51 XI. Forestry Fund .. 51 XII. Statement of Forestry Fund Expenditure ; Sundry Debtors 30th June, 1970 52 XIII. Forests Stores Suspense Account and Forests Plant and Machinery Fund 53 XIV. Proposed Disbursements and Estimated Receipts, 1970-71 54 FEATURES. Area cf reserved forest 5,656,67 l acres Output of logs from State forest (including veneer logs) Hardwood .. 406,419,000 super. feet (approx.) Hoppus log volume Softwood .. 51,598,000 super. feet (approx.) Hoppus log volume Total .. 458,017,000 super. feet (approx.) Hoppus log volume Revenue- Royalties received from sale of forest produce $4,969,105 Total amount paid to Consolidated Revenue $5,962,667 Expenditure authorized by- Forests Act 1958, No. 6254- Section 30-Forestry Fund $2,532,494 Section 32-Plant and Machinery Fund $264,579 Appropriation Acts $3,759,034 State Forests Loan Application Acts $3,365,000 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FORESTS COMMISSION FOR THE YEAR ENDED 30TH JUNE, 1970. MULTIPLE USE OF FORESTS. Sir William Schlich, a famous Professor of Forestry at Oxford University, stated nearly 50 years ago in his Manual of Forestry that the objectives of management of all forests can be brought under one of the two following headings :- " (1) The realization of indirect effects such as landscape beauty, preservation or amelioration of the climate, regulation of moisture, prevention of erosion, landslips and avalanches, preservation of game and hygienic effects. (2) The management of forests on economic principles such as the production of a definite class of produce, or the greatest possible quantity of it, or the best financial results." Schlich wrote that it is "the duty of the forester to see that these objects are realized to the fullest extent and in the most economic manner " and " in the majority of cases they (indirect benefits) can be produced in combination with economic working". Schlich's concept of management, now described by foresters as " multiple use management ", does not necessarily mean that every forest must be managed to achieve several objectives to an equal extent at all times. It simply means that notwithstanding an acknowledged primary aim of management it is the duty of the forester to realize any other benefits obtainable without prejudice to the main objective. This is wise use of natural resources-one of the definitions of conservation, almost a household word these days. The use, with assured continuity, of a natural resource is well described by another expression which originated in forestry-" sustained yield ". The more traditional objectives of forest management such as meeting the public demand for timber and other forest products, preservation of satisfactory water catchment conditions and erosion control are now being rivalled by sharply increasing requirements of the general public for outdoor recreation, preservation of habitats for fauna, unique biological ecotypes, and a variety of historical and scenic attractions. Forest recreation itself can be active such as hiking, ski-ing, camping and touring or the simple enjoyment of the beauty of landscape and forest in healthful environment. Evidence of the increasing attention being given to this type of forest use are the 89 forest parks, including four new parks this year, alpine reserves and scenic reserves totalling 63,716 acres of reserved forests where recreational and similar uses have been made the primary aim of management. These are shown on a map included as an appendix to this report. Achieving the ultimate in forest management is a complex matter, particularly in Victoria with a climate conducive to the spread of fire and unique vegetation susceptible to introduced insect and fungal attack. The pages that follow in this report give some indication of the organization established to care for and manage State forests and, to single out a particularly important aspect, the training of the field foresters and the specialists in such fields as ecology, environmental studies, biometrics, pathology, entomology and hydrology. Multi-purpose management is being applied by the Commission in reserved forests which occupy 10 per cent. of the land area of Victoria-a proportion which will substantially increase if the Commission's proposals for the dedication as reserved forest of portions of the uncommitted Crown lands are accepted. The unoccupied Crown lands mentioned comprise 15 per cent. of the State and are subject to the Commission's management only in respect of the forests contained thereon and only until the ultimate status of the land is determined. The suggestion has been made from time to time that 5 per cent. of the State should be set aside as National Parks and other similar reserves. It is perhaps timely to draw attention to the fact that the reserved forests, at this point in time comprising 10 per cent. of the State, are subject to multiple use management which embraces recreation and conservation. FORESTRY FINANCE. The Commission is concerned at continuing increases in the costs of supervision and protection of the State's forest assets, due mainly to factors beyond its control, mainly increases in wages. Reduction of the labour force of trained and experienced forestry personnel in many forest districts due to shortage of funds has led to a situation where there is little if any margin of safety should a major fire emergency occur in the summer months. 8 It has been necessary again this year, because of the inadequate provision of finance by means of Vote, for the Commission to supplement general expenses items to the extent of $172,979 from the Forestry Fund, a source of finance originally intended by Parliament for the maintenance and development of the forests. MANAGEMENT. FOREST AREA. The area of reserved forest at 30th June, 1970 was 5,656,671 acres, which is a net decrease of 13,338 acres in the year. Changes in the area of reserved forest were :- Excisions under Forests Act 1958- Acres. Section 42, sub-section (8) 162 Section 49 980 Excisions under National Parks Amendment Act 1969- Section 10 14,600* 15,742 • Compensating addition to reserved for""t still to be effected. Additions under Forests Act 1958- Section 42, sub-section (8) 137 Section 45 1,170 Section 49 1,097 2,404 In addition, 1,750 acres of alienated land were purchased for extensions to softwood plantations and for miscellaneous purposes. Additional land in the Dandenong Ranges was purchased, comprising 26 individual lots for addition to the fire protection belt, and 4-} acres for other purposes. RESERVES. Forest parks, alpine reserves, scenic reserves and other special purpose reserves set aside under Section 50 of the Forests Act 1958 numbered 89 at 30th June, 1970. These comprised approximately 63,716 acres of reserved forest. Eight reserves were set aside during the year, including four fo rest parks with a total area of 17 ,200 acres. The total area of forest parks is 32,000 acres. Olinda Golf Links-Olinda Forest Reserve. Background of Mountain Ash (Eucalyptus regnans). 9 There has been increasing demands on reserved forest for recreational use. The need to manage specific areas for preservation of unique vegetation types and important wildlife habitats has become even more evident during ~he year. Additional areas set aside are :-- Area Forest District. Name. Parish. (Acres). Cohuna Leaghur Forest Park Leaghur and Merring .. 4,000 Eastern Otways Angahook Forest Park Angahook, Boonah and 7,200 Wensleydale Lal Lail Bannockburn Fauna and Flora Reserve Murgheboluc and Wab 550 dallah Macedon Mount Macedon Forest Park Newham, Macedon and 3,200 Kerrie Ny ah Baarrook Reserve Bum bang 82 Orbost Cabbage Tree Palms Reserve Tabbara 620 Rennick Bulley Ranges Forest Park Warrain 2,800 Shepparton Gemmill's Waterfowl Reserve Mooroopna 85 The area of the Lerderderg Gorge Forest Park has been increased by 2,300 acres to 9,930 acres, and the area of the Kalorama Park has been increased by 20 acres to 54 acres.